WO2021031398A1 - 一系悬挂装置、转向架及轨道车辆 - Google Patents

一系悬挂装置、转向架及轨道车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021031398A1
WO2021031398A1 PCT/CN2019/117332 CN2019117332W WO2021031398A1 WO 2021031398 A1 WO2021031398 A1 WO 2021031398A1 CN 2019117332 W CN2019117332 W CN 2019117332W WO 2021031398 A1 WO2021031398 A1 WO 2021031398A1
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Prior art keywords
buffer block
positioning
axle box
hoop
buffer
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PCT/CN2019/117332
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张隶新
孙秀宇
郑建科
毕越宽
张丽君
张�杰
郝涛广
Original Assignee
中车唐山机车车辆有限公司
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Application filed by 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司
Priority to EP19942312.0A priority Critical patent/EP4008600B1/en
Publication of WO2021031398A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021031398A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/308—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating damping devices

Definitions

  • This application relates to the buffer technology of rail vehicles, and in particular to a primary suspension device, a bogie and a rail vehicle.
  • Rail vehicles are an important transportation link connecting cities, and have gradually become the main means of transportation in cities. Rail vehicles are also the main carrier for cargo transportation.
  • the bogie arranged at the bottom of the car body has the function of carrying and steering the car body, and the buffering performance of the bogie directly affects the amount of vibration of the car body.
  • a bogie usually includes a frame, a wheel set, an axle box arranged on the wheel set, and a series of suspension devices arranged between the axle box and the frame. The quality of the first series of suspension devices directly affects the performance of the bogie.
  • the primary suspension adopts a vertically arranged rubber spring, the top of which is matched with the frame, and the bottom with the axle box, so as to achieve positioning and cushioning in three directions: longitudinal, lateral and vertical.
  • This design requires higher performance of the rubber spring, and requires more frequent inspection and maintenance, because once the rubber spring is severely worn and fails, it will cause serious safety accidents during the operation of the vehicle.
  • the height of the rubber spring should be designed to be relatively high, thereby raising the height of the frame, raising the center of gravity of the entire carriage, and reducing the driving stability of the carriage.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a primary suspension device, a bogie and a rail vehicle, which can reduce the height of the frame under the premise of achieving a preset strength and a buffering energy absorption effect.
  • An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a bogie, including:
  • the frame has two parallel side beams extending in the longitudinal direction;
  • An annular hoop connected to the bottom surface of the end of the side beam; the center line of the annular hoop extends in the transverse direction;
  • the axle box is located in the space enclosed by the annular hoop, and the center line of the axle box coincides with the center line of the annular hoop;
  • a plurality of buffer blocks are evenly arranged between the ring hoop and the axle box.
  • An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a rail vehicle, including the bogie described above.
  • the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides a primary suspension device, which is used to be arranged between the frame of the bogie and the axle box, and the primary suspension device includes:
  • An annular hoop with a centerline extending in the transverse direction is connected to the frame; the annular hoop is used to surround the outside of the axle box;
  • a plurality of buffer blocks are evenly arranged between the ring hoop and the axle box.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is connected to the bottom surface of the end of the side beam by using a ring hoop with a center line extending in the transverse direction, the axle box is located in the space enclosed by the ring hoop, and the center line of the axle box and the center of the ring hoop Lines coincide, a plurality of buffer blocks are evenly arranged between the ring hoop and the axle box, which can position the side beam and the axle box, and can buffer forces in multiple directions such as lateral force, longitudinal force and vertical force. .
  • the height difference between the side beam and the axle box is only the sum of the thickness of the ring hoop and the height of a buffer block, which can reduce the height of the frame, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the carriage, and is beneficial to improving driving stability.
  • the above-mentioned first suspension device has a relatively simple structure, convenient disassembly and assembly, and a relatively simple maintenance process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bogie provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of area A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the assembly of the framework and a series of suspension devices provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer block in a bogie provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 5 is another schematic view of the buffer block in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axle box of the bogie provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a framework provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower half hoop in a bogie provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • 31-Buffer block 311-Buffer block positioning groove; 312-Buffer block positioning post; 313-Buffer block positioning protrusion;
  • the rail vehicles may be diesel locomotives or electric locomotives, and may be EMUs, subways, light rails, or trams.
  • the direction extending along the railway line is called the longitudinal direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the railway line is called the lateral direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is called the vertical direction or the vertical direction.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bogie provided by an embodiment of the application
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of area A in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the assembly of a frame and a series of suspension devices provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the bogie provided in this embodiment includes components such as a frame, a wheel set, a traction device, and a braking device, and each component is implemented according to the existing technology.
  • the frame includes two side beams 1 that are parallel to each other and extend in the longitudinal direction.
  • a cross beam is connected between the two side beams 1, and components such as a traction device and a braking device can be assembled on the cross beam.
  • the wheel set includes: an axle, wheels symmetrically arranged on the axle, and an axle box 2.
  • a suspension device 3 is arranged between the side beam 1 and the axle box 2 for positioning and buffering between the side beam 1 and the axle box 2.
  • the primary suspension device 3 includes: a buffer block 31 and a ring ring 32.
  • the ring hoop 32 is a circular ring structure, the top of which is connected to the bottom surface of the end of the side beam 1, and the center line of the ring hoop 32 extends in the transverse direction.
  • the middle of the axle box 2 is located in the space enclosed by the ring hoop 32, and the center line of the axle box 2 coincides with the center line of the ring hoop 32.
  • the number of buffer blocks 31 is multiple, which are evenly arranged between the ring hoop 32 and the axle box 2, which can realize the positioning of the side beam 1 and the axle box 2, and the forces from the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions can be buffered Block 31 performs buffering.
  • the prior art needs to leave a larger space between the frame and the axle box for accommodating a series of suspension devices.
  • the buffer blocks are evenly arranged on the periphery of the axle box, which reduces the space required between the axle box and the frame, and can reduce the height of the frame.
  • the technical solution provided in this embodiment is connected to the bottom surface of the end of the side beam by using a ring hoop with a center line extending in the transverse direction, the axle box is located in the space enclosed by the ring hoop, and the center line of the axle box and the center line of the ring hoop Coincidence, multiple buffer blocks are evenly arranged between the ring hoop and the axle box, which can position the side beam and the axle box, and can buffer forces in multiple directions such as lateral force, longitudinal force and vertical force. Even by force.
  • the height difference between the side beam and the axle box is only the sum of the thickness of the ring hoop and the height of a buffer block, which can reduce the height of the frame, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the carriage, and is beneficial to improving driving stability.
  • the above-mentioned first suspension device has a relatively simple structure, convenient disassembly and assembly, and a relatively simple maintenance process.
  • a first transverse positioning structure is provided on the inner side of the buffer block 31, and a second transverse positioning structure is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the axle box 2.
  • the first transverse positioning structure and the second transverse positioning structure cooperate to position the buffer block laterally to avoid buffering The blocks move laterally.
  • the first lateral positioning structure and the second lateral positioning structure may be structures capable of mutually restricting lateral movement, for example, positioning protrusions and positioning grooves that cooperate with each other.
  • the first horizontal positioning structure may specifically be a buffer block positioning groove provided on the inner surface of the buffer block 31 and extending in the longitudinal direction
  • the second horizontal positioning structure may specifically be an axle box positioning protrusion protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the axle box and extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • a first longitudinal positioning structure is provided on the inner side of the buffer block 31, and a second longitudinal positioning structure is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the axle box 2.
  • the first longitudinal positioning structure cooperates with the second longitudinal positioning structure to position the buffer block in the longitudinal direction to avoid The buffer block produces longitudinal movement.
  • the first longitudinal positioning structure and the second longitudinal positioning structure may be structures that can mutually restrict longitudinal movement, such as mutually matched positioning posts and positioning holes, or may be mutually matched positioning protrusions and positioning grooves.
  • the first longitudinal positioning structure is specifically a buffer block positioning column arranged on the inner surface of the buffer block 31 and extending in the longitudinal direction along the radial direction of the annular hoop 32, and the second longitudinal positioning structure is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the axle box 2.
  • the axle box positioning hole and the buffer block positioning column can be inserted into the axle box positioning hole to limit the longitudinal movement of the buffer block 31.
  • a third lateral positioning structure is provided on the outer side of the buffer block 31, and a fourth lateral positioning structure is provided on the inner side of the ring ring 32.
  • the third lateral positioning structure cooperates with the fourth lateral positioning structure to position the buffer block 31 laterally.
  • the third lateral positioning structure and the fourth lateral positioning structure may be structures capable of mutually restricting lateral movement, for example, positioning protrusions and positioning grooves that cooperate with each other.
  • the third lateral positioning structure is a buffer block positioning protrusion arranged on the outer side of the buffer block 31 and extending in the longitudinal direction
  • the fourth lateral positioning structure is an annular hoop positioning groove arranged on the inner side of the annular hoop 32 to buffer
  • the block positioning protrusion can be accommodated in the annular hoop positioning groove to restrict the lateral movement of the buffer block 31.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer block in a bogie provided by an embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another angle of a buffer block in a bogie provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. The schematic diagram of the structure of the axle box is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frame provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower half hoop in the bogie provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • each buffer block 31 has an inner surface facing the axle box 2 and an outer surface facing the ring ring 32, and both the inner surface and the outer surface are arc surfaces.
  • the inner surface of the buffer block 31 is provided with a buffer block positioning groove 311 extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • an annular axle box positioning protrusion 21 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the axle box 2, and the axle box positioning protrusion 21 can be accommodated in the buffer block Locating slot 311.
  • the interaction force between the side wall of the axle box positioning protrusion 21 and the side wall of the buffer block positioning groove 311 can limit the lateral movement of the buffer block 31.
  • the inner surface of the buffer block 31 (specifically the bottom surface of the buffer block positioning groove 311) is provided with a buffer block positioning post 312.
  • the buffer block positioning post 312 protrudes from the bottom surface of the buffer block positioning groove 311 and extends along the radial direction of the ring hoop 32. Direction extension.
  • an axle box positioning hole 22 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the axle box 2 (specifically the top surface of the axle box positioning protrusion 21).
  • the buffer block positioning groove 311 can be inserted into the axle box positioning hole 22, and the cooperation of the two is limited The longitudinal movement and lateral movement of the buffer block 31 are controlled.
  • a buffer block positioning post 312 is provided on one buffer block 31, and the position and number of the axle box positioning holes 22 are set according to the number and position of the buffer block positioning post 312.
  • the outer side of the buffer block 31 is provided with a buffer block positioning protrusion 313 extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • an annular hoop positioning groove 323 is provided on the inner side of the annular hoop 32, and the buffer block positioning protrusion 313 can be accommodated in the annular hoop positioning groove 323, and the force between the two sidewalls can restrict the buffer block 31 from moving laterally.
  • the axle box 2, the buffer block 31 and the ring hoop 32 of the above structure are used to cooperate, and the buffer block 31 can be positioned horizontally, longitudinally, and vertically.
  • the buffer block 31 can also be used for the lateral, vertical, and horizontal positions between the side beam 1 and the axle box 2. Longitudinal and vertical forces are cushioned.
  • the manner of cooperating and positioning between the axle box 2, the buffer block 31 and the annular hoop 32 is not limited to the above manner, and other manners may also be adopted, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the number of buffer blocks 31 is not limited to six, and can also be four, eight or other numbers.
  • this embodiment also provides a specific implementation manner:
  • the annular hoop 32 includes an upper half hoop 321 and a lower half hoop 322.
  • the upper half hoop 321 is fixed to the bottom surface of the side beam 1 with its opening facing downward.
  • the opening of the lower half hoop 322 is connected to the upper half hoop 321 and forms a circular space together with the upper half hoop 321.
  • both ends of the upper half-hoop 321 respectively extend outwardly with a half-hoop connecting portion 324, and a connecting hole 325 is opened thereon.
  • Both ends of the lower half hoop 322 respectively extend outwardly with a half hoop connecting portion 324, and a connecting hole 325 is also opened thereon.
  • the inner surface of the upper half hoop 321 and the lower half hoop 322 is provided with an annular hoop positioning groove 323 for receiving the buffer block positioning protrusion 313.
  • the above-mentioned primary suspension device 3 can be used as an independent product and applied to various types of bogies.
  • the applied bogie can be adapted to the primary suspension device 3.
  • This embodiment also provides a rail vehicle including the bogie provided by any of the foregoing.
  • the axle box Connected to the bottom surface of the end of the side beam by using a ring hoop with a centerline extending in the transverse direction, the axle box is located in the space enclosed by the ring hoop and the center line of the axle box coincides with the center line of the ring hoop, and a plurality of buffer blocks are evenly arranged Between the ring hoop and the axle box, the side beam and the axle box can be positioned, and the lateral force, longitudinal force and vertical force can be buffered in multiple directions.
  • the height difference between the side beam and the axle box is only the sum of the thickness of the ring hoop and the height of a buffer block, which can reduce the height of the frame, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the carriage, and is beneficial to improving driving stability.
  • the above-mentioned first suspension device has a relatively simple structure, convenient disassembly and assembly, and a relatively simple maintenance process.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of this application, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种一系悬挂装置（3）、转向架及轨道车辆，其中，转向架包括：构架；所述构架具有两个平行的沿纵向方向延伸的侧梁（1）；环形箍（32），连接于所述侧梁（1）端部的底面；所述环形箍（32）的中心线沿横向方向延伸；轴箱（2），位于所述环形箍（32）围成的空间内，且所述轴箱（2）的中心线与所述环形箍（32）的中心线重合；多个缓冲块（31），均匀设置在所述环形箍（32）与轴箱（2）之间。该技术方案提供的一系悬挂装置（3）、转向架及轨道车辆能够在达到预设强度和缓冲吸能效果的前提下降低构架的高度。

Description

一系悬挂装置、转向架及轨道车辆 技术领域
本申请涉及轨道车辆的缓冲技术，尤其涉及一种一系悬挂装置、转向架及轨道车辆。
背景技术
轨道车辆是连结各城市的重要交通纽带，也逐渐成为城市内的主要交通工具，轨道车辆还是实现货物运输的主要载体。设置在车厢底部的转向架起到了对车体进行承载和转向的功能，转向架的缓冲性能直接影响着车厢的振动量。转向架通常包括：构架、轮对、设置在轮对上的轴箱以及设置在轴箱和构架之间的一系悬挂装置，一系悬挂装置的好坏直接影响了转向架的性能。
传统的转向架中，一系悬挂装置采用垂向布置的橡胶弹簧，其顶部与构架配合，底部与轴箱配合，达到对纵向、横向和垂向三个方向的定位和缓冲。这种设计对橡胶弹簧的性能要求较高，并且需要较为频繁地检测和维护，因为一旦橡胶弹簧磨损严重导致失效，会使车辆在运行过程中发生严重的安全事故。为了达到预设的强度和缓冲吸能效果，橡胶弹簧的高度要设计的比较高，进而抬高了构架的高度，提高了整个车厢的重心，降低了车厢的行驶稳定性。
发明内容
本申请实施例中提供了一种一系悬挂装置、转向架及轨道车辆，能够在达到预设强度和缓冲吸能效果的前提下降低构架的高度。
本申请第一方面实施例提供一种转向架，包括：
构架；所述构架具有两个平行的沿纵向方向延伸的侧梁；
环形箍，连接于所述侧梁端部的底面；所述环形箍的中心线沿横向方向延伸；
轴箱，位于所述环形箍围成的空间内，且所述轴箱的中心线与环形箍的中心线重合；
多个缓冲块，均匀设置在所述环形箍与轴箱之间。
本申请第二方面实施例提供一种轨道车辆，包括：如上所述的转向架。
本申请第三方面实施例提供一种一系悬挂装置，用于设置在转向架的构架与轴箱之间，所述一系悬挂装置包括：
中心线沿横向方向延伸的环形箍，与所述构架相连；所述环形箍用于环绕在所述轴箱的外侧；
多个缓冲块，均匀设置在所述环形箍与轴箱之间。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，通过采用中心线沿横向方向延伸的环形箍连接于侧梁端部的底面，轴箱位于环形箍围成的空间内且轴箱的中心线与环形箍的中心线重合，多个缓冲块均匀设置在环形箍与轴箱之间，能够对侧梁与轴箱之间进行定位，并能够对横向力、纵向力和垂向力等多个方向的力进行缓冲。而且，侧梁与轴箱之间的高度差为仅环形箍的厚度与一个缓冲块的高度之和，能够降低构架的高度，进而降低车厢的重心，有利于提高行驶稳定性。而且上述一系悬挂装置的结构较为简单，拆装方便，维护过程也较为简单。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的转向架的结构示意图；
图2为图1中A区域的放大视图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的构架与一系悬挂装置装配的爆炸视图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的转向架中缓冲块的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的转向架中缓冲块的另一角度示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轴箱的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的构架的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的转向架中下半箍的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1-侧梁；
2-轴箱；21-轴箱定位凸起；22-轴箱定位孔；
3-一系悬挂装置；
31-缓冲块；311-缓冲块定位槽；312-缓冲块定位柱；313-缓冲块定位凸起；
32-环形箍；321-上半箍；322-下半箍；323-环形箍定位槽；324-半箍连接部；325-连接孔；
4-螺栓。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例中的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图对本申请的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是所有实施例的穷举。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种转向架，能够应用于轨道车辆中，该轨道车辆可以为内燃机车或电力机车，可以为动车组、地铁、轻轨或有轨电车等。
本实施例中，将沿铁路线延伸的方向称为纵向方向，将与铁路线延伸方向垂直的方向称为横向方向，将与水平面垂直的方向称为竖直方向或垂向。
图1为本申请实施例提供的转向架的结构示意图，图2为图1中A区域的放大视图；图3为本申请实施例提供的构架与一系悬挂装置装配的爆炸视图。如图1至图3所示，本实施例提供的转向架包括：构架、轮对、牵引装置、制动装置等部件，各部件按照已有技术来实现。构架包括两个相互平行且沿纵向 方向延伸的侧梁1，两个侧梁1之间连接有横梁，牵引装置和制动装置等部件装可以装配在横梁上。轮对包括：车轴、对称设置在车轴上的车轮和轴箱2。侧梁1与轴箱2之间设置有一系悬挂装置3，用于对侧梁1与轴箱2之间进行定位和缓冲。
一系悬挂装置3包括：缓冲块31和环形箍32。其中，环形箍32为圆环形结构，其顶部连接于侧梁1端部的底面，环形箍32的中心线沿横向方向延伸。轴箱2的中部位于环形箍32围成的空间内，轴箱2的中心线与环形箍32的中心线重合。缓冲块31的数量为多个，均匀设置在环形箍32与轴箱2之间，能够实现对侧梁1与轴箱2进行定位，并来自横向、纵向和垂向方向的力都能够通过缓冲块31进行缓冲。
与已有技术相比，已有技术中在构架与轴箱之间需留出较大的空间用于容纳一系悬挂装置。而本实施例所提供的方式将缓冲块均匀布设在轴箱的外围，减小了轴箱与构架之间所需的空间，能够降低构架的高度。
本实施例提供的技术方案，通过采用中心线沿横向方向延伸的环形箍连接于侧梁端部的底面，轴箱位于环形箍围成的空间内且轴箱的中心线与环形箍的中心线重合，多个缓冲块均匀设置在环形箍与轴箱之间，能够对侧梁与轴箱之间进行定位，并能够对横向力、纵向力和垂向力等多个方向的力进行缓冲，受力均匀。而且，侧梁与轴箱之间的高度差仅为环形箍的厚度与一个缓冲块的高度之和，能够降低构架的高度，进而降低车厢的重心，有利于提高行驶稳定性。而且上述一系悬挂装置的结构较为简单，拆装方便，维护过程也较为简单。
下面对一系悬挂装置中各部件之间的定位方式进行说明：
在缓冲块31的内侧面设有第一横向定位结构，在轴箱2的外周面设置第二横向定位结构，第一横向定位结构和第二横向定位结构配合对缓冲块进行横向定位，避免缓冲块产生横向移动。第一横向定位结构和第二横向定位结构可以为能够互相限制横向移动的结构，例如为相互配合的定位凸起和定位槽。第一横向定位结构具体可以为设置在缓冲块31内侧面且沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲 块定位槽，第二横向定位结构具体为凸出于轴箱外周面且沿纵向方向延伸的轴箱定位凸起，轴箱定位凸起可容纳于缓冲块定位槽内，限制缓冲块31横向移动。
在缓冲块31的内侧面设有第一纵向定位结构，在轴箱2的外周面设置有第二纵向定位结构，第一纵向定位结构与第二纵向定位结构配合对缓冲块进行纵向定位，避免缓冲块产生纵向移动。第一纵向定位结构和第二纵向定位结构可以为能够互相限制纵向移动的结构，例如为相互配合的定位柱和定位孔，也可以为相互配合的定位凸起和定位凹槽。本实施例中，第一纵向定位结构具体为设置在缓冲块31内侧面且长度方向沿环形箍32径向方向延伸的缓冲块定位柱，第二纵向定位结构为设置在轴箱2外周面的轴箱定位孔，缓冲块定位柱可插设于轴箱定位孔内，限制缓冲块31纵向移动。
在缓冲块31的外侧面设有第三横向定位结构，环形箍32的内侧面设置有第四横向定位结构，第三横向定位结构与第四横向定位结构配合，以对缓冲块31进行横向定位。第三横向定位结构与第四横向定位结构可以为能够互相限制横向移动的结构，例如为相互配合的定位凸起和定位槽。本实施例中，第三横向定位结构为设置在缓冲块31外侧面且沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲块定位凸起，第四横向定位结构为设置在环形箍32内侧面的环形箍定位槽，缓冲块定位凸起可容纳于环形箍定位槽内，限制缓冲块31横向移动。
本实施例提供一种一系悬挂装置的具体实现方式：
图4为本申请实施例提供的转向架中缓冲块的结构示意图，图5为本申请实施例提供的转向架中缓冲块的另一角度示意图，图6为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轴箱的结构示意图，图7为本申请实施例提供的构架的结构示意图，图8为本申请实施例提供的转向架中下半箍的结构示意图。
如图1至图8所示，缓冲块31的数量为六个，缓冲块31的纵向截面为扇面形，六个缓冲块31的端面对接形成闭合环状。每个缓冲块31具有朝向轴箱2的内侧表面以及朝向环形箍32的外侧表面，内侧表面和外侧表面均为弧面。
缓冲块31的内侧表面设有沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲块定位槽311，对应在轴箱2的外周面设置有环状的轴箱定位凸起21，轴箱定位凸起21可容纳于缓冲块定位槽311。轴箱定位凸起21的侧壁与缓冲块定位槽311的侧壁之间的相互作用力可限制缓冲块31横向移动。
缓冲块31的内侧表面(具体是缓冲块定位槽311的底面)上设有缓冲块定位柱312，缓冲块定位柱312凸出于缓冲块定位槽311的底面，且沿环形箍32的径向方向延伸。对应在轴箱2的外周面(具体是轴箱定位凸起21的顶面)设置有轴箱定位孔22，缓冲块定位槽311可插设于轴箱定位孔22内，二者的配合限制了缓冲块31的纵向移动和横向移动。一个缓冲块31上设置有一个缓冲块定位柱312，轴箱定位孔22的位置及数量均根据缓冲块定位柱312的数量和位置进行设定。
缓冲块31的外侧面设有沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲块定位凸起313。对应在环形箍32的内侧面设置有环形箍定位槽323，缓冲块定位凸起313可容纳于环形箍定位槽323内，二者侧壁之间的作用力可限制缓冲块31横向移动。
采用上述结构的轴箱2、缓冲块31和环形箍32进行配合，能够对缓冲块31进行横向、纵向和垂向定位，缓冲块31也能够对侧梁1和轴箱2之间的横向、纵向和垂向力进行缓冲。
轴箱2、缓冲块31和环形箍32之间进行配合定位的方式不仅仅局限于以上方式，还可以采用其它的方式，本实施例不做限定。缓冲块31的数量也不限制为六个，也可以为四个、八个或其它数量。
对于环形箍32，本实施例还提供一种具体的实现方式：
环形箍32包括上半箍321和下半箍322两部分。其中，上半箍321固定于侧梁1的底面，其开口朝下。下半箍322的开口朝上与上半箍321连接并与上半箍321共同围成一个圆形空间。
具体的，上半箍321的两端各自朝外延伸出半箍连接部324，其上开设连接孔325。下半箍322的两端各自朝外延伸出半箍连接部324，其上也开设连 接孔325。在装配的过程中，先将上半箍321与侧梁1连接在一起，然后将下半箍322与上半箍321中的半箍连接部324对正，并使连接孔325重合，采用螺栓4从下方依次穿过对应的两个连接孔325后与螺母配合进行固定。
在上半箍321和下半箍322的内侧表面均设有环形箍定位槽323，用于容纳缓冲块定位凸起313。
上述一系悬挂装置3可作为一个独立的产品，应用于各种型号的转向架中。所应用到的转向架可根据一系悬挂装置3进行适应性的修改。
本实施例还提供一种轨道车辆，包括上述任一内容所提供的转向架。通过采用中心线沿横向方向延伸的环形箍连接于侧梁端部的底面，轴箱位于环形箍围成的空间内且轴箱的中心线与环形箍的中心线重合，多个缓冲块均匀设置在环形箍与轴箱之间，能够对侧梁与轴箱之间进行定位，并能够对横向力、纵向力和垂向力等多个方向的力进行缓冲。而且，侧梁与轴箱之间的高度差为仅环形箍的厚度与一个缓冲块的高度之和，能够降低构架的高度，进而降低车厢的重心，有利于提高行驶稳定性。而且上述一系悬挂装置的结构较为简单，拆装方便，维护过程也较为简单。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限 定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以互相通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
尽管已描述了本申请一些可选的实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括一些可选的实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种转向架，其特征在于，包括：
    构架；所述构架具有两个平行的沿纵向方向延伸的侧梁；
    环形箍，连接于所述侧梁端部的底面；所述环形箍的中心线沿横向方向延伸；
    轴箱，位于所述环形箍围成的空间内，且所述轴箱的中心线与环形箍的中心线重合；
    多个缓冲块，均匀设置在所述环形箍与轴箱之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的内侧面设有第一横向定位结构，用于与设置在轴箱外周面的第二横向定位结构配合，以对所述缓冲块进行横向定位。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述第一横向定位结构为设置在所述缓冲块内侧面沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲块定位槽，所述第二横向定位结构为凸出于所述轴箱外周面沿纵向方向延伸的轴箱定位凸起，所述轴箱定位凸起可容纳于所述缓冲块定位槽内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的内侧面设有第一纵向定位结构，用于与设置在轴箱外周面的第二纵向定位结构配合，以对所述缓冲块进行纵向定位。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述第一纵向定位结构为设置在所述缓冲块内侧面且长度方向沿所述环形箍径向方向延伸的缓冲块定位柱；所述第二纵向定位结构为设置在所述轴箱外周面的轴箱定位孔，所述缓冲块定位柱可插设于所述轴箱定位孔内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的外侧面设有第三横向定位结构，用于与设置在所述环形箍内侧面的第四横向定位结构配合，以对所述缓冲块进行横向定位。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述第三横向定位结构为设置在所述缓冲块外侧面且沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲块定位凸起；所述第四横向定位结构为设置在所述环形箍内侧面的环形箍定位槽，所述缓冲块定位凸起可容纳于所述环形箍定位槽内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的纵向截面为扇面形，多个缓冲块的端面相互抵接拼接成环状结构；
    所述缓冲块的内侧表面设有用于与轴箱之间进行横向定位的缓冲块定位槽；所述缓冲块定位槽的底面设置有用于与轴箱之间进行纵向定位的缓冲块定位柱；所述缓冲块的外侧面设有用于与环形箍之间进行横向定位的缓冲块定位凸起。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述轴箱上设有可容纳所述缓冲块定位槽的轴箱定位凸起，所述轴箱定位凸起为环绕在所述轴箱外周面的环状凸起；所述轴箱定位凸起的顶面设有用于容纳所述缓冲块定位柱的轴箱定位孔，所述轴箱定位孔的数量和位置均与所述缓冲块定位柱对应。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述环形箍包括：
    上半箍；所述上半箍连接在所述侧梁的底面，所述上半箍的开口朝下；所述上半箍的内侧表面设有可容纳所述缓冲块定位凸起的环形箍定位槽；
    下半箍，开口朝上与所述上半箍相连，与所述上半箍围成可容纳缓冲块和轴箱的圆形空间；所述下半箍的内侧表面设有可容纳所述缓冲块定位凸起的环形箍定位槽。
  11. 一种轨道车辆，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1-10任一项所述的转向架。
  12. 一种一系悬挂装置，用于设置在转向架的构架与轴箱之间，其特征在于，所述一系悬挂装置包括：
    中心线沿横向方向延伸的环形箍，与所述构架相连；所述环形箍用于环绕在所述轴箱的外侧；
    多个缓冲块，均匀设置在所述环形箍与轴箱之间。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一系悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的内侧面设有第一横向定位结构，用于与所述轴箱配合以对所述缓冲块进行横向定位。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一系悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述第一横向定位结构为设置在所述缓冲块内侧面沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲块定位槽，所述缓冲块定位槽用于与所述轴箱外周面设置的轴箱定位凸起配合进行横向定位。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的一系悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的内侧面设有第一纵向定位结构，用于与轴箱配合以对所述缓冲块进行纵向定位。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的一系悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述第一纵向定位结构为设置在所述缓冲块内侧面且长度方向沿所述环形箍径向方向延伸的缓冲块定位柱，所述缓冲块定位柱用于与所述轴箱外周面设置的轴箱定位孔配合进行纵向定位。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的一系悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的外侧面设有第三横向定位结构，用于与所述环形箍配合以对所述缓冲块进行横向定位。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一系悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述第三横向定位结构为设置在所述缓冲块外侧面且沿纵向方向延伸的缓冲块定位凸起，所述缓冲块定位凸起可容纳于所述环形箍内侧面设置的环形箍定位槽内进行横向定位。
  19. 根据权利要求12所述的一系悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述缓冲块的纵向截面为扇面形，多个缓冲块的端面相互抵接拼接成环状结构；
    所述缓冲块的内侧表面设有用于与轴箱之间进行横向定位的缓冲块定位槽；所述缓冲块定位槽的底面设置有用于与轴箱之间进行纵向定位的缓冲块定位柱；所述缓冲块的外侧面设有用于与环形箍之间进行横向定位的缓冲块定位 凸起。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的一系悬挂装置，所述环形箍包括：
    上半箍；所述上半箍用于与所述构架相连；所述上半箍的内侧表面设有可容纳所述缓冲块定位凸起的环形箍定位槽；
    下半箍，与所述上半箍相连，围设在各所述缓冲块的外侧；所述下半箍的内侧表面设有可容纳所述缓冲块定位凸起的环形箍定位槽。
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CN114228768B (zh) * 2022-01-04 2024-02-27 西南交通大学 一种轨道车辆内轴箱转向架
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CN112389485A (zh) 2021-02-23
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