WO2021031263A1 - 适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法 - Google Patents
适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法 Download PDFInfo
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- the invention relates to a power system, in particular to a hybrid electromagnetic transient simulation method suitable for real-time simulation of a microgrid.
- Microgrid can realize the energy management of new energy access in the distribution network. Before the microgrid is put into practical application, hardware-in-the-loop testing based on electromagnetic transient simulation is required for its controller, protection device and control strategy.
- Electromagnetic transient simulation can be divided into offline simulation and real-time simulation.
- the calculation time of offline simulation tools is much longer than the duration of the transient phenomena studied.
- real-time simulation cooperates with software and hardware platforms to ensure accurate synchronization between the simulator's internal clock and the real world clock, and can provide highly simulated scenes for various power system protection and control devices The actual test environment.
- the power electronic converter uses the nodal analysis method (NAM) for simulation, which can ensure the accuracy of switch modeling;
- the distribution network uses the delay insertion method (LIM) for simulation Simulation reduces the consumption of hardware resources.
- LIM network and NAM network can be solved at the same time, which improves the parallelism and efficiency of microgrid simulation calculation.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid electromagnetic transient simulation method suitable for real-time simulation of microgrids.
- This method divides the microgrid system into a delay insertion (LIM) network and multiple node analysis (NAM) networks, which can solve the LIM network and multiple NAM networks at the same time, which greatly improves the parallelism of simulation calculations.
- LIM delay insertion
- NAM node analysis
- This method avoids the computational burden of solving large-scale network equations using only the nodal analysis method, and improves the simulation efficiency.
- a hybrid electromagnetic transient simulation method suitable for real-time simulation of microgrid which is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:
- the inductance L near the microgrid line in the filter is connected in series with a negative ground equivalent After the voltage source, it forms a Delay Insertion (LIM) network with the microgrid distribution line.
- the remaining capacitors of each LC filter or LCL filter are connected in parallel with an equivalent current source in the positive direction to the ground, and the corresponding distribution
- the integrated power generation system forms a node analysis (NAM) network;
- Step 2) Model transformation:
- the distribution line in the LIM network is represented by a PI type equivalent model, that is, the branch between the nodes is represented by inductance and resistance in series, and the ground branch between the two ends is represented by a capacitor.
- the voltage source is expressed in its Norton equivalent form, that is, the equivalent conductance is connected in parallel with the equivalent current source.
- the load in the LIM network is represented by a constant impedance model, that is, the parallel connection of resistance, inductance, and (or) capacitance.
- LIM ordinary branch As shown in Figure 1
- LIM node branch in the following (as shown in Figure 2), the LIM common branch and the LIM node branch are respectively numbered in sequence, and the number of the ground node is 0;
- Step 3 Form the association matrix M of the LIM network according to the following rules:
- Step 4) Form the two node voltage coefficient matrices P + , P - and the two branch current coefficient matrices Q + , Q -of the LIM network according to the following rules:
- G is a diagonal matrix of N n ⁇ N n , and its diagonal elements are the capacitance to ground and conductance to ground of the corresponding numbered LIM node branch;
- L, R are the diagonal matrix of N b ⁇ N b, The diagonal elements are the inductance and capacitance of the corresponding numbered LIM ordinary branch;
- ⁇ t is the simulation step size;
- N n and N b are the number of LIM node branches and the number of LIM ordinary branches, respectively; the above is the initialization process of the simulation, below Enter the main loop of the simulation;
- Step 5 Update the node voltage of the LIM node branch according to the following rules:
- the specific method can refer to the electromagnetic transient simulation textbook based on the node analysis method, and the present invention will not introduce it in detail;
- Step 6 Update the branch current of the LIM common branch according to the following rules:
- M T is the transposition operation of the incidence matrix M
- I the equivalent voltage source vector of the LIM ordinary branch at the n+1th time, and it is only a non-zero element at the position corresponding to the filter inductance branch, and its magnitude is the voltage amplitude on the corresponding filter capacitor in the NAM network;
- the current of the inductance branch of the middle filter will be used as the parallel equivalent current source next to the corresponding filter capacitor branch in the next NAM network simulation solution;
- Step 7) Determine whether the simulation is over, if otherwise, return to step 5) and enter the next simulation cycle. The simulation ends until the specified simulation time or an instruction to terminate early.
- the distribution network of the microgrid adopts the delay insertion method (LIM) for simulation, which is called the LIM network, and the distributed The power generation and its converter system are simulated by the Nodal Analysis Method (NAM), which is called NAM network.
- NAM Nodal Analysis Method
- the LIM network can be solved simultaneously with multiple NAM networks, which improves the parallelism of the microgrid simulation calculation.
- the calculation speed when using this method for real-time simulation of microgrid is higher than that of traditional node analysis method, which greatly improves the simulation efficiency of real-time simulation of microgrid.
- the inverse of the coefficient matrix in the nodal voltage equation is a high-order off-diagonal matrix, and the calculation amount is quadratic proportional to the number of nodes.
- all the coefficient matrices of the LIM network are diagonal matrices, and all the coefficient matrices of the NAM network are low-order non-diagonal matrices, which avoids the computational burden of solving large-scale network equations by the traditional node analysis method.
- the amount of calculation is less than the traditional node analysis method, and is linearly proportional to the simulation scale, which improves the efficiency of real-time simulation.
- Real-time simulation Therefore, using the method of the present invention can achieve a smaller simulation step size and a larger simulation scale on the FPGA, thereby improving the real-time simulation capability of the FPGA-based microgrid, which is very suitable for multiple power electronic converters and a large number of power distribution Sub-microsecond real-time simulation of line microgrid.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of LIM ordinary branch
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the LIM node branch
- Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the microgrid
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of network segmentation in the method of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the simulation cycle of the method of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a hybrid electromagnetic transient simulation method suitable for real-time simulation of a microgrid according to the present invention.
- a microgrid with 3 three-phase inverters, 3 Boost circuits, and 21 three-phase lines is taken as an example to illustrate the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by this.
- the hardware part is mainly: 1PXIe controller (model: PXIe-8135) of National Instruments (NI): mainly responsible for microgrid
- the simulation of the power grid control system can communicate with the upper computer via Ethernet, and display the real-time simulation waveform on the upper computer.
- 2The FPGA module of National Instruments (NI) (model: PXIe-7975R, built-in a Kintex-7 410T FPGA chip of XILINX): Mainly responsible for the simulation of the microgrid circuit part, and it can be connected to the external via I/O port
- the controller is connected to the oscilloscope for hardware-in-the-loop simulation. They communicate through the PXIe bus to complete real-time simulation.
- the software part is mainly the Labview development environment of National Instruments (NI).
- the programs in the host computer, PXIe controller and FPGA module are all programmed through Labview.
- the program in the host computer completes the communication with the PXIe controller and the simulation waveform display;
- the program in the PXIe controller completes the communication with the host computer, reads and writes data from the FPGA module, and simulates the control system of the inverter And other functions.
- the above-mentioned program does not belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and the relevant program examples are provided on the official website of National Instruments (NI), so the detailed description is omitted.
- the FPGA module is the specific implementation carrier of the present invention, and mainly completes functions such as micro-grid simulation calculation. For details, see the flowchart of the hybrid electromagnetic transient simulation method of the present invention suitable for real-time simulation of micro-grid.
- Step 1) Divide the microgrid model from the LC filter or LCL filter at the converter outlet of the distributed power generation system.
- the inductance L near the microgrid distribution line is connected in series with a negative grounded equivalent voltage source Later, it forms a delayed insertion (LIM) network with the microgrid distribution line; after the capacitor C is connected in parallel with an equivalent current source in the positive direction to the ground, it forms a node analysis (NAM) network with the corresponding distributed power generation system.
- LIM delayed insertion
- NAM node analysis
- Step 2 The distribution line in the LIM network is represented by a PI type equivalent model, that is, the branch between nodes is represented by inductance and resistance in series, and the branch between the two ends of the node is represented by a capacitor; the voltage source in the LIM network is represented by Its Norton equivalent form is expressed, that is, the equivalent conductance is connected in parallel with an equivalent current source; the load in the LIM network is represented by a constant impedance model, that is, a parallel connection of resistance, inductance and (or) capacitance.
- LIM ordinary Branch (as shown in Figure 1)
- capacitance (necessary)
- conductance (not necessary)
- current source (not necessary)
- Step 3 Form the association matrix M of the LIM network:
- Step 4) Form the two node voltage coefficient matrices P + , P - and the two branch current coefficient matrices Q + , Q -of the LIM network:
- G is a diagonal matrix of N n ⁇ N n , and its diagonal elements are the capacitance to ground and conductance to ground of the corresponding numbered LIM node branch;
- L, R are the diagonal matrix of N b ⁇ N b, The diagonal elements are the inductance and capacitance of the corresponding numbered LIM common branch;
- ⁇ t is the simulation step size;
- N n and N b are the number of LIM node branches and the number of LIM common branches, respectively; the above is the initialization process of the simulation, below Enter the main loop process of the simulation.
- Step 5 Update the node voltage of the LIM node branch:
- Step 6 Update the branch current of the LIM common branch:
- M T is the transposition operation of the incidence matrix M
- I the equivalent voltage source vector of the LIM ordinary branch at the n+1th time, and it is only a non-zero element at the position corresponding to the filter inductance branch, and its magnitude is the voltage amplitude on the corresponding filter capacitor in the NAM network;
- the current of the inductance branch of the middle filter will be used as the parallel equivalent current source next to the corresponding filter capacitor branch in the next NAM network simulation solution;
- Step 7) Return to step 5 and enter the next simulation cycle.
- steps 5 to 7 are calculated in a loop, until the specified simulation time or an early termination instruction is received, the simulation ends.
- the traditional method can use a simulation step of 1970ns at least, and consume FPGA hardware resources as follows: look-up table 81.8%, flip-flop 76.7%, RAM block 12.2%, DSP48 multiplier will exceed 100%, and the microgrid cannot be completed.
- Real-time simulation Therefore, using the method of the present invention can achieve a smaller simulation step size and a larger simulation scale on the FPGA, thereby improving the real-time simulation capability of the FPGA-based microgrid, which is very suitable for multiple power electronic converters and a large number of power distribution Sub-microsecond real-time simulation of line microgrid.
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Abstract
一种适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法，其最大特点在于将传统的节点分析法(NAM)和高度并行化的延迟插入法(LIM)相结合，为此首先将微电网从分布式发电系统的滤波器处进行分割，分别形成一个包含配电线路的延迟插入(LIM)网络和多个包含分布式发电系统的节点分析(NAM)网络，NAM网络采用传统节点分析法仿真，LIM网络采用延迟插入法仿真，在其初始化阶段根据微电网线路拓扑和参数形成LIM网络仿真所用到的一个关联矩阵和四个含线路参数的对角矩阵，在仿真主体循环中，LIM网络可以和多个NAM网络同时求解，提高了微电网仿真的并行度，此外，LIM网络仿真求解过程中主要采用对角矩阵乘法进行计算，避免了节点分析法求解大型网络方程时的计算负担，提升了仿真效率。
Description
本发明涉及电力系统，特别是一种适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法。
微电网可以实现配电网中新能源接入的能量管理。在微电网投入实际应用之前，需要对其控制器、保护装置和控制策略等进行基于电磁暂态仿真的硬件在环测试。
加拿大的H.W Dommel于20世纪60年代末提出电磁暂态仿真基本理论与方法。电磁暂态仿真主要可以分为离线仿真和实时仿真。一般来说,离线仿真工具的计算时间要远多于所研究暂态现象的持续时间。而在面向对时间有严格要求的应用场景时，实时仿真通过软硬件平台相互配合，保证了仿真器内部时钟与现实世界时钟的精确同步，可以为各种电力系统保护与控制装置提供高度模拟现场实际的测试环境。
在微电网中存在许多AC/DC、DC/DC变换器，其中电力电子开关的高频开关特性给微电网实现实时仿真的实现带来了巨大挑战。为了实现小步长实时仿真，仅需要硬件平台具有强大的计算能力，同样需要高效率的仿真模型与仿真算法。目前在电磁暂态实时仿真中，大多数仿真程序采用节点分析法(NAM)，开关采用固定导纳模型进行建模。使用节点分析法求解节点电压方程的计算量与仿真规模成二次方比例，随着仿真规模的增加，FPGA模块所消耗的硬件资源和执行时间将迅速增加。然而，延迟插入法(LIM)的计算量与仿真规模成线性比例。
在适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法中，电力电子变换器使用节点分析法(NAM)进行仿真，可以确保开关建模的准确性；配电网使用延迟插入法(LIM)进行仿真，减少硬件资源的消耗。LIM网络和NAM网络可以同时求解，提高微电网仿真计算的并行度与效率。
发明内容
为了提高传统EMTP电磁暂态仿真算法的效率，本发明的目的在于提供一种适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法。该方法将微电网系统划分成一个延迟插入(LIM)网络和多个节点分析(NAM)网络，可以同时求解LIM网络和多个NAM网络，大幅提升了仿真计算的并行度，除此之外，该方法避免了仅使用节点分析法求解大型网络方程时的计算负担，提升了仿真效率。
本发明的技术解决方案如下：
一种适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法，其特点在于该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1)网络分割：将微电网电路模型从分布式发电系统换流器出口的LC滤波器或LCL滤波器处进行分割，滤波器中靠近微电网线路的电感L串联上一个负极接地的等效电压源后，与微电网配电线路共同组成一个延迟插入(LIM)网络，各个LC滤波器或LCL滤波器剩下的电容并联上一个正方向对地的等效电流源后，与相应的分布式发电系统共同组成节点分析(NAM)网络；
步骤2)模型变换：将LIM网络中的配电线路用PI型等值模型表示，即节点间支路用电感和电阻串联表示，两端节点对地支路用电容表示，将LIM网络中的电压源用其诺顿等效形式表示，即等效电导并联等效电流源的形式，将LIM网络中的负载用恒阻抗模型表示，即电阻、电感和(或)电容并联的形式，最后，若节点间的支路若存在多条则折算成一条，并表示成电感(必要的)、电阻(非必要的)和电压源(非必要的)串联的形式，后面称之为LIM普通支路(如图1所示)，若节点对地的支路存在多条则也折算成一条，并表示成电容(必要的)、电导(非必要的)和电流源(非必要的)并联的形式，后面称之为LIM节点支路(如图2所示)，将LIM普通支路和LIM节点支路分别依次进行编号，其中接地节点的编号为0；
步骤3)根据以下规则形成LIM网络的关联矩阵M：
i)如果支路p和节点q相连，且支路p定义的电流正方向是流出节点q，则M(q,p)＝1；
ii)如果支路p和节点q相连，且支路p定义的电流正方向是流入节点q，则M(q,p)＝-1；
iii)如果支路p和节点q不相连，则则M(q,p)＝0；
步骤4)根据以下规则形成LIM网络的两个节点电压系数矩阵P
+、P
-和两个支路电流系数矩阵Q
+、Q
-：
其中C,G是N
n×N
n的对角阵，其对角元素为对应编号的LIM节点支路的对地电容和对地电导；L,R是N
b×N
b的对角阵，其对角元素为对应编号的LIM普通支路的电感和电容；Δt为仿真步长；N
n，N
b分别为LIM节点支路数和LIM普通支路数；以上是仿真的初始化过程，下面进入仿真主体循环过程；
步骤5)根据以下规则更新LIM节点支路的节点电压：
其中
是第n+1时刻的LIM节点支路的节点电压向量，
是第n时刻的LIM普通支路的支路电流向量，
是第n时刻的LIM节点支路的等效电流源向量；
与此同时进行的是NAM网络的仿真求解，具体方法可参考基于节点分析法的电磁暂态仿真教材，本发明不做详细介绍；
步骤6)根据以下规则更新LIM普通支路的支路电流：
其中M
T是对关联矩阵M的转置操作，
是第n+1时刻的LIM普通支路的等效电压源向量，其只在滤波器电感支路对应的位置为非零元素，其大小为NAM网络中对应滤波器电容上的电压幅值；计算得到的
中滤波器电感支 路的电流将作为下次NAM网络仿真求解中对应的滤波器电容支路旁并联等效电流源；
步骤7)判断仿真是否结束，如否则返回步骤5)，进入下一个仿真循环，直到指定的仿真时刻或收到提前终止的指令时，仿真结束。
与现有技术相比，本发明的技术效果:
1)将传统的节点分析法(NAM)和高度并行化的延迟插入法(LIM)相结合，微电网的配电网络采用延迟插入法(LIM)进行仿真，被称为LIM网络，而分布式发电及其换流器系统采用节点分析法(NAM)进行仿真，被称为NAM网络。使得LIM网络可以和多个NAM网络可以同时进行求解，提高了微电网仿真计算的并行度。
2)采用本方法进行微电网实时仿真时的计算速度比传统节点分析法更高，极大地提高了微电网实时仿真的仿真效率。在传统节点分析法中，节点电压方程中系数矩阵的逆是一个高阶的非对角矩阵，其计算量与节点数成二次方比例。在本发明方法下，LIM网络的所有系数矩阵都是对角矩阵，NAM网络的所有系数矩阵都是低阶的非对角矩阵，避免传统节点分析法求解大型网络方程时的计算负担，其总的计算量小于传统节点分析法，且与仿真规模成线性比例，提升了实时仿真效率。
3)若在XILINX公司的Kintex-7 410T FPGA芯片上，分别用本方法和传统节点分析法对一个含3个三相逆变器、3个Boost电路、21条三相线路组成的微电网进行实时仿真。本方法最小可以采用380ns的仿真步长，消耗FPGA各项硬件资源如下：查找表49.6％，触发器48.8,％，RAM块12.2％，DSP48乘法器63.1％。而传统方法最小可以采用1970ns的仿真步长，消耗FPGA各项硬件资源如下：查找表81.8％，触发器76.7,％，RAM块12.2％，DSP48乘法器将超过100％，无法完成该微电网的实时仿真。因此，使用本发明方法可以在FPGA上实现更小的仿真步长和更大的仿真规模，从而提升了基于FPGA的微电网实时仿真能力，非常适合含多个电力电子变流器和大量配电线路的微电网亚微秒级实时仿真。
图1是LIM普通支路示意图；
图2是LIM节点支路示意图；
图3是微电网结构图；
图4是本发明方法的网络分割示意图；
图5是本发明方法的仿真循环示意图；
图6是本发明适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法流程图。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步解释
如图3所示，以一个含3个三相逆变器、3个Boost电路、21条三相线路的微电网为例，对本发明进行阐述，但不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
运用适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法对微电网进行实时仿真时，硬件部分主要为：①美国国家仪器(NI)公司的PXIe控制器(型号：PXIe-8135)：主要负责微电网控制系统的仿真，同时可以通过以太网与上位机进行通信，在上位机上显示实时仿真波形。②美国国家仪器(NI)公司的FPGA模块(型号：PXIe-7975R，内置一块XILINX公司的Kintex-7 410T FPGA芯片)：主要负责微电网电路部分的仿真，同时可以通过I/O端口与外置控制器和示波器相连，进行硬件在环仿真。它们之间通过PXIe总线进行通信，完成实时仿真。
软件部分主要为美国国家仪器(NI)公司的Labview开发环境。上位机、PXIe控制器和FPGA模块中的程序均通过Labview进行编程。上位机中的程序完成与PXIe控制器的通讯以及仿真波形显示等功能；PXIe控制器中的程序完成与上位机的通信、从FPGA模块中读取和写入数据、模拟换流器的控制系统等功能。上述程序不属于本发明保护范围，且美国国家仪器(NI)公司官网上提供相关的程序范例，故不再详细描述。而FPGA模块是本发明的具体实施载体，主要完成微电网仿真计算等功能，详见图6本发明适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂 态仿真方法流程图。
本发明适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法实施例子的步骤如下：
步骤1)将微电网模型从分布式发电系统换流器出口的LC滤波器或LCL滤波器处进行分割，滤波器中靠近微电网配电线路的电感L串联上一个负极接地的等效电压源后，与微电网配电线路共同组成一个延迟插入(LIM)网络；电容C并联上一个正方向对地的等效电流源后，与相应的分布式发电系统共同组成节点分析(NAM)网络。
步骤2)将LIM网络中的配电线路用PI型等值模型表示，即节点间支路用电感和电阻串联表示，两端节点对地支路用电容表示；将LIM网络中的电压源用其诺顿等效形式表示，即等效电导并联等效电流源的形式；将LIM网络中的负载用恒阻抗模型表示，即电阻、电感和(或)电容并联的形式。最后，若节点间的支路若存在多条则折算成一条，并表示成电感(必要的)、电阻(非必要的)和电压源(非必要的)串联的形式，后面称之为LIM普通支路(如图1所示)，若节点对地的支路存在多条则也折算成一条，并表示成电容(必要的)、电导(非必要的)和电流源(非必要的)并联的形式，后面称之为LIM节点支路(如图2所示)，将LIM普通支路和LIM节点支路分别依次进行编号。
步骤3)形成LIM网络的关联矩阵M：
步骤4)形成LIM网络的两个节点电压系数矩阵P
+、P
-和两个支路电流系数矩阵Q
+、Q
-：
其中C,G是N
n×N
n的对角阵，其对角元素为对应编号的LIM节点支路的对地电容和对地电导；L,R是N
b×N
b的对角阵，其对角元素为对应编号的LIM 普通支路的电感和电容；Δt为仿真步长；N
n，N
b分别为LIM节点支路数和LIM普通支路数；以上是仿真的初始化过程，下面进入仿真主体循环过程。
步骤5)更新LIM节点支路的节点电压：
其中
是第n+1时刻的LIM节点支路的节点电压向量，
是第n时刻的LIM普通支路的支路电流向量，
是第n时刻的LIM节点支路的等效电流源向量；与此同时进行的是NAM网络的仿真求解。
步骤6)更新LIM普通支路的支路电流：
其中M
T是对关联矩阵M的转置操作，
是第n+1时刻的LIM普通支路的等效电压源向量，其只在滤波器电感支路对应的位置为非零元素，其大小为NAM网络中对应滤波器电容上的电压幅值；计算得到的
中滤波器电感支路的电流将作为下次NAM网络仿真求解中对应的滤波器电容支路旁并联等效电流源；
步骤7)返回步骤5，进入下一个仿真循环。
如此循环计算步骤5-步骤7，直到指定的仿真时刻或收到提前终止的指令时，仿真结束。
经实验表明，在XILINX公司的Kintex-7 410T FPGA芯片上，分别用本方法和传统节点分析法对一个含3个三相逆变器、3个Boost电路、21条三相线路组成的微电网进行实时仿真。本方法最小可以采用380ns的仿真步长，消耗FPGA各项硬件资源如下：查找表49.6％，触发器48.8,％，RAM块12.2％，DSP48乘法器63.1％。而传统方法最小可以采用1970ns的仿真步长，消耗FPGA各项硬件资源如下：查找表81.8％，触发器76.7,％，RAM块12.2％，DSP48乘法器将超过100％，无法完成该微电网的实时仿真。因此，使用本发明方法可以在FPGA上实现更小的仿真步长和更大的仿真规模，从而提升了基于FPGA的微电网实时仿真能力，非常适合含多个电力电子变流器和大量配电线路的微电网亚微秒级实时仿真。
Claims (2)
- 一种适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法，其特征在于该方法包括初始化阶段和仿真循环阶段，具体步骤如下：初始化阶段：步骤1)网络分割：将微电网模型从分布式发电系统换流器出口的滤波器处进行分割，滤波器中靠近微电网配电线路的电感L串联上一个负极接地的等效电压源后，与微电网配电线路共同组成一个延迟插入网络(以下简称LIM)，各滤波器剩下的电容并联上一个正方向对地的等效电流源后，与相应的分布式发电系统共同组成节点分析网络(以下简称NAM)；步骤2)模型变换：将LIM网络中的配电线路用PI型等值模型表示，即节点间支路用电感和电阻串联表示，两端节点对地支路用电容表示，将LIM网络中的电压源用其诺顿等效形式表示，即等效电导并联等效电流源的形式，将LIM网络中的负载用恒阻抗模型表示，即电阻、电感和/或电容并联的形式，最后，若节点间的支路存在多条则折算成一条，并表示成电感、电阻和/或电压源串联的形式，称之为LIM普通支路，若节点对地的支路存在多条则也算成一条，并表示成电容、电导/或电流源并联的形式，称之为LIM节点支路，将LIM普通支路和LIM节点支路分别依次进行编号，其中接地节点的编号为0；步骤3)根据以下规则形成LIM网络的关联矩阵M：i)如果支路p和节点q相连，且支路p定义的电流正方向是流出节点q，则M(q,p)＝1；ii)如果支路p和节点q相连，且支路p定义的电流正方向是流入节点q，则M(q,p)＝-1；iii)如果支路p和节点q不相连，则M(q,p)＝0；步骤4)根据以下规则形成LIM网络的两个节点电压系数矩阵P +、P -和两个支路电流系数矩阵Q +、Q -：
其中C,G是N n×N n的对角阵，对角元素为对应编号的LIM节点支路的对地电容和对地电导；L,R是N b×N b的对角阵，对角元素为对应编号的LIM普通支路的电感和电容；Δt为仿真步长；N n，N b分别为LIM节点支路数和LIM普通支路数；仿真循环阶段：步骤5)根据以下规则更新LIM节点支路的节点电压：
其中是第n+1时刻的LIM节点支路的节点电压向量，
是第n时刻的LIM普通支路的支路电流向量，
是第n时刻的LIM节点支路的等效电流源向量；
同时进行NAM网络的仿真求解；步骤6)根据以下规则更新LIM普通支路的支路电流，作为下次NAM网络仿真求解中对应的滤波器电容支路旁并联等效电流源：
其中M T是对关联矩阵M的转置操作，是第n+1时刻的LIM普通支路的等效电压源向量，其只在滤波器电感支路对应的位置为非零元素，大小为NAM网络中对应滤波器电容上的电压幅值；
步骤7)判断仿真是否结束，如否则返回步骤5)，进入下一个仿真循环，直到指定的仿真时刻或收到提前终止的指令时，仿真结束。 - 根据权利要求1所述的适用于微电网实时仿真的混合电磁暂态仿真方法，其特征在于，所述的滤波器为LC滤波器或LCL滤波器。
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