WO2021026989A1 - 发声器件及移动终端 - Google Patents

发声器件及移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021026989A1
WO2021026989A1 PCT/CN2019/104832 CN2019104832W WO2021026989A1 WO 2021026989 A1 WO2021026989 A1 WO 2021026989A1 CN 2019104832 W CN2019104832 W CN 2019104832W WO 2021026989 A1 WO2021026989 A1 WO 2021026989A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vent
housing
hole
rear cavity
outside
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/104832
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄兴志
柳林
童迪江
张哲�
吴军
陈志臣
印兆宇
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to US16/995,837 priority Critical patent/US11540417B2/en
Publication of WO2021026989A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021026989A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion, in particular to a portable sound generating device and a mobile terminal.
  • each component has a single function, such as a sound device, which is only used for sound generation.
  • the multiple components cause the mobile phone to become too hot and affect its function. Sex and stability.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound generating device and a mobile terminal with good reliability and excellent performance.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device, which includes a housing with a housing space, a sounding unit accommodated in the housing space, and a one-way air inlet valve and a single unit fixed on the housing.
  • the sound-producing monomer includes a diaphragm for vibrating and sounding, and the diaphragm divides the containing space into a front cavity and a rear cavity; the one-way air inlet valve connects the outside with the rear cavity And when the vibration of the diaphragm makes the volume of the back cavity larger, the one-way air outlet valve connects the back cavity with the outside and makes the diaphragm vibrate so that all When the volume of the rear cavity becomes smaller, the air in the rear cavity is discharged to the outside.
  • the housing is provided with a first through hole that communicates the outside world with the rear cavity
  • the one-way air inlet valve includes a first through hole that is fixed inside the housing and completely covers the first through hole.
  • the first bracket includes a first bracket body fixed inside the housing and a The first vent and the second vent of the stent body, the first vent communicates with the first through hole, the second vent is arranged at intervals around the first vent, the second vent
  • the port extends to the periphery of the first stent body and communicates with the rear cavity;
  • the first diaphragm includes a diaphragm that can move up and down relative to the first stent body and when moved to be spaced from the first stent body
  • a first vibrating portion that collectively encloses the intake space, a first folding ring portion extending from the periphery of the first vibrating portion, and an end of
  • the cross-section of the first folding ring portion has an arc structure that is recessed in a direction away from the first bracket body.
  • the orthographic projection of the first folding ring portion toward the first bracket body falls into the second vent.
  • the first vibrating portion and the first air vent are arranged directly opposite to each other, the first air vent is arranged directly opposite to the first through hole, and the second air vent includes four at equal intervals. .
  • the one-way air inlet valve further includes a first vent fixed to the outside of the housing, and the first vent completely covers the first through hole.
  • the housing is further provided with a second through hole that communicates the outside world with the rear cavity
  • the one-way air outlet valve includes a second through hole that is fixed to the outside of the housing and completely covers the second through hole.
  • the second bracket includes a second bracket body fixed on the outside of the housing and a second bracket that penetrates the second
  • the third vent and the fourth vent of the stent body the third vent communicates with the second through hole, the fourth vent is arranged around the third vent at intervals, and the fourth vent is
  • the port extends to the periphery of the second stent body and communicates with the outside;
  • the second diaphragm includes an air outlet that can move up and down relative to the second stent body and move until it is spaced from the second stent body.
  • the second fixing portion is attached and fixed to the periphery of the second bracket body and covers a part of the fourth vent, the second fixing portion, the fourth vent and the housing jointly surround An air outlet passage connecting the air outlet space with the outside is formed, and the third air vent communicates the air outlet space with the second through hole.
  • the cross section of the second folding ring portion has an arc structure that is recessed in a direction away from the second bracket body.
  • the orthographic projection portion of the second folding ring portion in the direction of the second bracket body falls into the fourth vent.
  • the second vibrating portion and the third vent are arranged directly opposite to each other, the third vent is arranged directly opposite to the second through hole, and the fourth vent includes four vents arranged at equal intervals .
  • the one-way air outlet valve further includes a second air-permeable member fixed on the inner side of the housing, and the second air-permeable member completely covers the second through hole.
  • the housing includes an upper cover and a lower cover covering the upper cover and jointly enclosing the accommodating space, the sound emitting monomer and the upper cover enclose the front cavity, and the sound
  • the single body, the upper cover and the lower cover jointly enclose the rear cavity, the first through hole is opened in the upper cover, and the second through hole is opened in the lower cover.
  • the present invention also provides a mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal includes a housing with an accommodating space and the above-mentioned sound emitting device assembled in the housing; the housing is provided with penetrating through and connecting the accommodating space with the outside.
  • the one-way air inlet valve connects the accommodation space with the rear cavity, and the one-way air outlet valve connects the rear cavity with the air outlet.
  • a one-way air inlet valve is provided to connect the outside world with the rear cavity of the sound emitting device and is used for air intake into the front cavity, as well as a one-way air inlet valve.
  • the air outlet valve connects the rear cavity of the sounding device with the outside and is used to discharge the air in the rear cavity to the outside.
  • the vibration of the sounding device generates positive and negative pressure while generating sound, so that air is drawn in and moved from the air inlet.
  • the internal components of the mobile terminal are heated up and discharged from the one-way air outlet valve, thereby forming an air circulation, which is beneficial to cooling the internal temperature of the mobile terminal without adding an additional heat sink, and improving the working performance and stability .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is an exploded schematic view of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the one-way intake valve of the sound device of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the one-way air outlet valve of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the one-way intake valve and the housing of the sound device of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of part B shown in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the part C shown in Fig. 6.
  • the present invention provides a sound generating device 100, which includes a housing 1, a sounding monomer 2, a one-way air inlet valve 3, and a one-way air outlet valve 4.
  • the housing 1 has a receiving space 10, and a sound channel 5 for sound generation is formed in the housing 1.
  • the sound emitting unit 2 is assembled in the receiving space 10 of the housing 1.
  • the vocal unit 2 divides the receiving space 10 into a front cavity 101 and a rear cavity 102.
  • the sound-producing unit 2 includes a diaphragm 21 that divides the housing space 10 into a front sound cavity 6 and a rear cavity 102, and the sound guide channel 5 communicates with the front sound cavity 6 and forms a front sound cavity together. Cavities 101.
  • the housing 1 includes an upper cover 11 and a lower cover 12 covering the upper cover 11 and jointly enclosing the accommodating space 10, and the sound emitting monomer 2 and the upper cover 11 enclose
  • the front cavity 101 is formed, the sound-producing monomer 2, the upper cover 11 and the lower cover 12 jointly enclose the rear cavity 102, wherein the front cavity 101 is used for sound, and the rear cavity 102 Used to improve low-frequency acoustic performance.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a first through hole 13 for communicating the outside with the rear cavity 102 and a second through hole 14 for communicating the outside with the rear cavity 102.
  • first through hole 13 is opened in the upper cover 11 and the second through hole 14 is opened in the lower cover 12.
  • the one-way intake valve 3 is fixed to the housing 1, and the one-way intake valve 3 connects the outside world with the rear cavity 102 and vibrates at the diaphragm 21 so that the rear cavity 102 becomes larger in volume When used for air intake into the rear cavity 102.
  • the one-way air outlet valve 4 is fixed to the housing 1.
  • the one-way air outlet valve 4 connects the rear cavity 102 with the outside and vibrates at the diaphragm 21 so that the volume of the rear cavity 102 becomes smaller.
  • the air in the rear cavity 102 is discharged to the outside.
  • the diaphragm 21 vibrates up and down to change the air pressure of the rear cavity 102, so that the air outside the sound generating device 100 enters the rear cavity 102 through the one-way air inlet valve 3, and then exits through the one-way air The valve 4 exits the rear cavity 102, thereby forming an air circulation.
  • the one-way intake valve 3 includes a first bracket 31, a first diaphragm 32 and a first vent 33.
  • the first bracket 31 is fixed inside the casing 1 and completely covers the first through hole 13.
  • the first bracket 31 includes a first bracket body 311 fixed inside the housing 1 and a first vent 312 and a second vent 313 respectively penetrating the first bracket body 311.
  • the first vent 312 communicates with the first through hole 13, that is, communicates with the outside through the first through hole 13. More preferably, the first vent 312 and the first through hole 13 are arranged directly opposite to each other, and the venting effect is smoother.
  • the second vent 313 is arranged around the first vent 312 at intervals, the second vent 313 extends to the periphery of the first bracket body 311, and the second vent 313 communicates with the rear cavity 102, namely
  • the second vent 313 extends from the periphery of the first bracket body 311 in a direction close to the first vent 312, for example, the second vent 313 is a U-shaped opening.
  • the second vent 313 includes four and is arranged at equal intervals. Of course, the number and shape are not limited to this.
  • the first diaphragm 32 is attached to a side of the first bracket 31 away from the first through hole 13.
  • the first diaphragm 32 includes a first vibrating portion 321, a first folding ring portion 322 extending from the periphery of the first vibrating portion 321, and a first folding ring portion 322 away from the first One end of the vibrating portion 321 diffuses and extends the first fixing portion 323 outward.
  • the first vibrating portion 321 covers the first vent 312, and it can also cover a part of the second vent 313.
  • the first vibrating portion 321 can move up and down relative to the first bracket body 311 and move to and from the first bracket.
  • the main bodies 311 collectively enclose an air intake space when spaced apart, and the so-called vertical movement refers to the axial direction of the first through hole 13.
  • the first folding ring portion 322 is used to provide elastic restoring force and vibration amplitude, that is, when the first vibrating portion 321 moves upward and away from the first bracket body 311, the elastic performance of the first folding ring portion 322 provides the vibration amplitude.
  • the air intake space is opened and formed; after the movement, the first folding ring portion 322 returns to the elastic deformation to generate elastic restoring force, so that the first vibrating portion 321 returns to fit the first bracket body 311, and the air intake space disappears .
  • the cross section of the first folding ring portion 322 has an arc structure that is recessed in a direction away from the first bracket body 311, so that the first vibrating portion 321 is attached to the first bracket body in a static state. 311 and the first fixing portion 323 are located on the same plane.
  • the first fixing portion 323 is attached to the periphery of the first bracket body 311 and covers a part of the second vent 313, specifically covering an end of the second vent 313 away from the first vent 312. With this structure, the first fixing portion 323, the second vent 313, and the housing 1 jointly enclose an air inlet passage 34 that communicates the rear cavity 102 with the air inlet space. The first air vent 312 communicates the air intake space with the first through hole 13.
  • the orthographic projection portion of the first folding ring portion 322 toward the first bracket body 311 falls into the second vent 313. This structural design improves the reliability of the communication between the air intake space and the air intake passage 34 when the sound generating device 100 works.
  • the first ventilation member 33 is fixed on the outside of the housing 1, and the first ventilation member 33 completely covers the first through hole 13.
  • the first air-permeable member 33 is used to adjust the air intake of the first through hole 13 and at the same time can prevent foreign matter from entering the rear cavity 102 to affect its acoustic performance and improve reliability.
  • the first breathable member 33 is a mesh cloth, a damping net, a breathable isolation film, etc.
  • the physical structure of the one-way air outlet valve 4 and the one-way air outlet valve 3 are the same, and the installation and working principles are opposite.
  • the one-way air outlet valve 4 includes a second bracket 41, a second diaphragm 42 and a second vent 43.
  • the second bracket 41 is fixed on the outside of the housing 1 and completely covers the second through hole 14.
  • the second bracket 41 includes a second bracket body 411 fixed to the outside of the housing 1 and a third vent 412 and a fourth vent 413 respectively penetrating the second bracket body 411.
  • the third vent 412 communicates with the second through hole 14, that is, communicates with the outside through the second through hole 14. More preferably, the third vent 412 and the second through hole 14 are arranged opposite to each other, and the venting effect is smoother.
  • the fourth vent 413 is arranged around the third vent 412 at intervals, the fourth vent 413 extends to the periphery of the second bracket body 411, and the fourth vent 413 communicates with the outside, that is, the fourth The vent 413 extends from the periphery of the second bracket body 411 in a direction close to the third vent 412, for example, the fourth vent 413 is a U-shaped opening.
  • the fourth air vents 413 include four and are arranged at equal intervals. Of course, the number and shape are not limited to this.
  • the second diaphragm 42 is attached to a side of the second bracket 41 away from the second through hole 14.
  • the second diaphragm 42 includes a second vibrating portion 421, a second folding ring portion 422 extending from the periphery of the second vibrating portion 421, and a second folding ring portion 422 away from the second One end of the vibrating portion 421 diffuses and extends the second fixing portion 423 outward.
  • the second vibrating part 421 covers the third vent 412, and it can also cover a part of the fourth vent 413 at the same time.
  • the second vibrating part 421 can move up and down relative to the second bracket body 411 and move to and from the second bracket. When the main body 411 is spaced apart, the air outlet space is jointly enclosed.
  • the so-called vertical movement refers to the axial direction of the second through hole 14.
  • the second folding ring portion 422 is used to provide elastic restoring force and vibration amplitude, that is, when the second vibrating portion 421 moves upward and away from the second bracket body 411, the elastic performance of the second folding ring portion 422 provides the vibration amplitude.
  • the air outlet space is opened and formed; after the movement, the second folding ring portion 422 recovers elastic deformation to generate an elastic restoring force, so that the second vibrating portion 421 returns to fit the second bracket body 411, and the air outlet space is closed and disappears.
  • the cross section of the second folding ring portion 422 has an arc structure that is recessed in a direction away from the second bracket body 411, so that the second vibrating portion 421 is attached to the second bracket body in a static state 411 and the second fixing portion 423 are located on the same plane.
  • the second fixing portion 423 is attached to the periphery of the second bracket body 411 and covers a part of the fourth vent 413, specifically covering an end of the fourth vent 413 away from the third vent 412. With this structure, the second fixing portion 423, the fourth vent 413, and the housing 1 jointly enclose an air outlet passage 44 that communicates the rear cavity 102 with the air outlet space.
  • the third air vent 412 connects the air outlet space with the second through hole 14.
  • the orthographic projection portion of the second folding ring portion 422 toward the second bracket body 411 falls into the fourth vent 413.
  • the second venting member 43 is fixed on the outside of the housing 1, and the second venting member 43 completely covers the second through hole 14.
  • the second venting member 43 is used to adjust the amount of air in the second through hole 14.
  • the second breathable member 43 is a mesh cloth, a damping net, a breathable isolation film, etc.
  • the first through hole 13 is opened in the upper cover 11, and the second through hole 14 is opened in the lower cover 12.
  • This structure makes the air path between the one-way air inlet valve 3 assembled in the first through hole 13 and the one-way air outlet valve 4 assembled in the second through hole 14 longer, and a better air circulation effect can be achieved.
  • the working principle of the one-way intake valve 3 is as follows: when the diaphragm 21 moves upward (the diaphragm 21 moves away from the rear cavity 102), the volume of the rear cavity 102 becomes larger, and the first vibrating portion 321 of the first diaphragm 32 faces Float in the direction away from the first support 31, and form an open air intake space between the first vibrating part 321 and the first support 31. The outside air is sucked into the air through the first through hole 13 and the first air vent 312 in turn. The space again enters the rear cavity 102 through the air intake passage 34.
  • the first vibrating portion 321 When the diaphragm 21 moves downward, the first vibrating portion 321 returns to the initial state, and the pressure in the rear cavity 102 increases, causing the first vibrating portion 321 to abut against The first bracket 31 covers the first vent 312 to form a seal.
  • the working principle of the one-way air outlet valve 4 is opposite to that of the one-way air outlet valve 4: when the diaphragm 21 moves downwards (the diaphragm 21 moves closer to the back cavity 102), the volume of the back cavity 102 becomes smaller, the pressure increases, and the back cavity
  • the air in 102 is squeezed to flow to the one-way air outlet valve 4, and the second vibrating portion 421 of the second diaphragm 42 floats upward in the direction away from the second bracket 41, and is located between the second vibrating portion 421 and the second bracket 41 An open air outlet space is formed therebetween.
  • the air in the rear cavity is sequentially squeezed out to the air outlet space through the second through hole 14 and the third through hole 412, and then discharged to the outside through the air outlet channel 44, and the diaphragm 21 moves upward
  • the second vibrating part 421 returns to the initial state, and at the same time, the pressure in the rear cavity 102 is reduced to assume a negative pressure, so that the second vibrating part 421 abuts the second bracket 31 and covers the third vent 412 to form a seal.
  • the present invention also provides a mobile terminal (not shown in the figure).
  • the mobile terminal includes a housing with an accommodating space and the above-mentioned sound generating device 100 as provided in the present invention assembled in the housing.
  • the housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which penetrate the housing space and communicate with the outside.
  • a one-way air inlet valve connects the containing space with the rear cavity, and outside air enters the containing space through the air inlet, and then enters the rear cavity through the one-way air inlet valve; the one-way air outlet valve connects the rear cavity with the air outlet , The air in the rear cavity is discharged to the air outlet through the one-way air outlet valve, thereby being discharged to the outside.
  • the vibration of the diaphragm 21 changes the volume of the rear cavity 102: when the diaphragm 21 moves upward (the diaphragm 21 moves away from the rear cavity 102), the rear cavity The volume of 102 becomes larger, and the external cold air enters the containing space through the air inlet.
  • the cold air takes away part of the heat and heats up into hot air, which is then drawn into the rear through the one-way air inlet valve 3 Cavity 102; when the diaphragm 21 moves downward (the diaphragm 21 moves close to the back cavity 102), the volume of the back cavity 102 becomes smaller, and the hot air in the back cavity 102 flows to the one-way outlet valve 4 by squeezing and passes through the one-way
  • the air outlet valve 4 is discharged to the air outlet, and then discharged to the outside, forming an air circulation to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.
  • a one-way air inlet valve is provided to connect the outside world with the rear cavity of the sound emitting device and is used for air intake into the front cavity, as well as a one-way air inlet valve.
  • the air outlet valve connects the rear cavity of the sounding device with the outside and is used to discharge the air in the rear cavity to the outside.
  • the vibration of the sounding device generates positive and negative pressure while generating sound, so that air is drawn in and moved from the air inlet.
  • the internal components of the mobile terminal are heated up and discharged from the one-way air outlet valve, thereby forming an air circulation, which is beneficial to cooling the internal temperature of the mobile terminal without adding an additional heat sink, and improving the working performance and stability .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种发声器件，其包括具有收容空间的壳体、单向进气阀以及单向出气阀，所述发声单体将所述收容空间分隔为前腔和后腔；所述单向进气阀将外界与所述后腔连通且用于向所述后腔内进气，所述单向出气阀将所述后腔与外界连通且用于将所述后腔内的空气排向外界；所述壳体设有将外界与所述后腔连通的第一通孔。本发明还提供一种移动终端。与相关技术相比，本发明的发声器件及移动终端可靠性更好，性能更优。

Description

发声器件及移动终端 技术领域
本发明涉及电声转换领域，尤其涉及一种便携式的发声器件及移动终端。
 背景技术
随着移动互联网时代的到来，智能移动设备的数量不断上升。而在众多移动设备之中，手机无疑是最常见、最便携的移动终端。目前，手机的功能极其多样，而随着人们对手机性能的更高要求，手机内部的元器件不断增加。
 技术问题
然而，相关技术的移动终端中，其内部的元器件的增加导致内部热量的产生增加，而且各元器件功能单一，比如发声器件，仅用于发声，多元器件造成手机温度过高而影响其功能性和稳定性。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的发声器件及移动终端解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种可靠性好，性能优的发声器件及移动终端。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种发声器件，其包括具有收容空间的壳体、收容于所述收容空间内的发声单体以及固定于所述壳体上的单向进气阀和单向出气阀，所述发声单体包括用于振动发声的振膜，所述振膜将所述收容空间分隔为前腔和后腔；所述单向进气阀将外界与所述后腔连通且在所述振膜振动使得所述后腔体积变大时用于向所述后腔内进气，所述单向出气阀将所述后腔与外界连通且在所述振膜振动使得所述后腔体积变小时用于将所述后腔内的空气排向外界。
优选的，所述壳体设有将外界与所述后腔连通的第一通孔，所述单向进气阀包括固定于所述壳体内侧且完全覆盖所述第一通孔的第一支架以及贴设于所述第一支架远离所述第一通孔一侧的第一膜片；所述第一支架包括固定于所述壳体内侧的第一支架本体以及分别贯穿所述第一支架本体的第一通气口和第二通气口，所述第一通气口与所述第一通孔连通，所述第二通气口环绕于所述第一通气口间隔设置，所述第二通气口延伸至所述第一支架本体的周缘且与所述后腔连通；所述第一膜片包括可相对于所述第一支架本体上下移动并在移动至与所述第一支架本体间隔时共同围成进气空间的第一振动部、由所述第一振动部的周缘延伸的第一折环部以及由所述第一折环部远离所述第一振动部的一端向外扩散延伸的第一固定部；所述第一固定部贴合固定于所述第一支架本体且覆盖所述第二通气口的一部分，所述第一固定部、所述第二通气口以及所述壳体共同围成将所述后腔与所述进气空间连通的进气通道，所述第一通气口将所述进气空间与第一通孔连通。
优选的，所述第一折环部的横截面呈向远离所述第一支架本体方向凹陷的弧形结构。
优选的，所述第一折环部向所述第一支架本体方向的正投影部分落入所述第二通气口内。
优选的，所述第一振动部与所述第一通气口正对设置，所述第一通气口与所述第一通孔正对设置，所述第二通气口包括四个且等间距设置。
优选的，所述单向进气阀还包括固定于所述壳体外侧的第一透气件，所述第一透气件完全覆盖所述第一通孔。
优选的，所述壳体还设有将外界与所述后腔连通的第二通孔，所述单向出气阀包括固定于所述壳体外侧且完全覆盖所述第二通孔的第二支架以及贴设于所述第二支架远离所述第二通孔一侧的第二膜片；所述第二支架包括固定于所述壳体外侧的第二支架本体以及分别贯穿所述第二支架本体的第三通气口和第四通气口，所述第三通气口与所述第二通孔连通，所述第四通气口环绕于所述第三通气口间隔设置，所述第四通气口延伸至所述第二支架本体的周缘且与外界连通；所述第二膜片包括可相对于所述第二支架本体上下移动并移动至与所述第二支架本体间隔时共同围成出气空间的第二振动部、由所述第二振动部的周缘延伸的第二折环部以及由所述第二折环部远离所述第二振动部的一端向外扩散延伸的第二固定部；所述第二固定部贴合固定于所述第二支架本体的周缘且覆盖所述第四通气口的一部分，所述第二固定部、所述第四通气口以及所述壳体共同围成将所述出气空间与外界连通的出气通道，所述第三通气口将所述出气空间与第二通孔连通。
优选的，所述第二折环部的横截面呈向远离所述第二支架本体方向凹陷的弧形结构。
优选的，所述第二折环部向所述第二支架本体方向的正投影部分落入所述第四通气口内。
优选的，所述第二振动部与所述第三通气口正对设置，所述第三通气口与所述第二通孔正对设置，所述第四通气口包括四个且等间距设置。
优选的，所述单向出气阀还包括固定于所述壳体内侧的第二透气件，所述第二透气件完全覆盖所述第二通孔。
优选的，所述壳体包括上盖和盖设于所述上盖并共同围成所述收容空间的下盖，所述发声单体与所述上盖围成所述前腔，所述发声单体、所述上盖及所述下盖共同围成所述后腔，所述第一通孔开设于所述上盖，所述第二通孔开设于所述下盖。
本发明还提供一种移动终端，所述移动终端包括具有容纳空间的外壳和装配于所述外壳内的上述发声器件；所述外壳设有贯穿其上且将分别将所述容纳空间与外部连通的进气口和出气口，所述单向进气阀将所述容纳空间与所述后腔连通，所述单向出气阀将所述后腔与所述出气口连通。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本发明的发声器件及移动终端中，通过设置单向进气阀将外界与所述发声器件的后腔连通且用于向所述前腔内进气，以及设置单向出气阀将所述发声器件的后腔与外界连通且用于将所述后腔内的空气排向外界，通过发声器件的振动发声的同时产生正负压，使空气由进气口抽入移动终端后，经移动终端内部的元器件升温后从所述单向出气阀排出，从而形成空气循环，在不需要增加额外的散热器件的情况下有利于移动终端内部降温，提高工作性能和稳定性。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本发明发声器件的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明发声器件的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图3为本发明发声器件的单向进气阀的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图4为本发明发声器件的单向出气阀的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图5为本发明发声器件的单向进气阀与壳体装配的结构示意图；
图6为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图；
图7为图6中B所示部分放大图；
图8为图6中C所示部分放大图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请同时参阅图1-8，本发明提供了一种发声器件100，其包括壳体1、发声单体2、单向进气阀3以及单向出气阀4。
所述壳体1具有收容空间10，所述壳体1内形成用于发声的出声通道5。
所述发声单体2装配于所述壳体1的收容空间10内。所述发声单体2将所述收容空间10分隔为前腔101和后腔102。具体的，所述发声单体2包括振膜21，所述振膜21将收容空间10分隔为前声腔6和后腔102，所述导声通道5与所述前声腔6连通并共同形成前腔101。
本实施方式中，所述壳体1包括上盖11和盖设于所述上盖11并共同围成所述收容空间10的下盖12，所述发声单体2与所述上盖11围成所述前腔101，所述发声单体2、所述上盖11及所述下盖12共同围成所述后腔102，其中，所述前腔101用于发声，所述后腔102用于改善低频声学性能。
所述壳体1设有将外界与所述后腔102连通的第一通孔13以及将外界与所述后腔102连通的第二通孔14。比如，第一通孔13开设于上盖11，第二通孔14开设于下盖12。
所述单向进气阀3固定于所述壳体1，所述单向进气阀3将外界与所述后腔102连通且在所述振膜21振动使得所述后腔102体积变大时用于向后腔102内进气。
所述单向出气阀4固定于所述壳体1，所述单向出气阀4将所述后腔102与外界连通且在所述振膜21振动使得所述后腔102体积变小时用于将所述后腔102内的空气排向外界。
上述结构中，振膜21上下振动使所述后腔102的气压发声变化，从而使得发声器件100外界的空气由单向进气阀3进入至所述后腔102，再经所述单向出气阀4排出后腔102，从而形成空气循环。
本实施方式中，单向进气阀3包括第一支架31、第一膜片32以及第一透气件33。
第一支架31固定于所述壳体1内侧，且完全覆盖所述第一通孔13。具体的，所述第一支架31包括固定于所述壳体1内侧的第一支架本体311以及分别贯穿所述第一支架本体311的第一通气口312和第二通气口313。
所述第一通气口312与所述第一通孔13连通，即通过第一通孔13与外界连通。更优的，所述第一通气口312与所述第一通孔13正对设置，通气效果更顺畅。
所述第二通气口313环绕于所述第一通气口312间隔设置，所述第二通气口313延伸至所述第一支架本体311的周缘且第二通气口313与后腔102连通，即第二通气口313由第一支架本体311的周缘向靠近第一通气口312的方向延伸，比如所述第二通气口313呈U形口。本实施方式中，所述第二通气口313包括四个且等间距设置。当然，其数量及形状不限于此。
第一膜片32贴设于所述第一支架31远离所述第一通孔13的一侧。具体的，所述第一膜片32包括第一振动部321、由所述第一振动部321的周缘延伸的第一折环部322以及由所述第一折环部322远离所述第一振动部321的一端向外扩散延伸的第一固定部323。
第一振动部321覆盖第一通气口312，其也可同时覆盖第二通气口313的一部分，第一振动部321可相对于所述第一支架本体311上下移动并在移动至与第一支架本体311间隔时共同围成进气空间，所谓上下移动是指沿第一通孔13的轴向方向。
第一折环部322用于提供弹性恢复力和振动幅度，即当第一振动部321相对于第一支架本体311向上远离运动时，由第一折环部322的弹性性能提供振动幅度大小，进气空间打开形成；运动结束后，所述第一折环部322恢复弹性型变而产生弹性恢复力，使得第一振动部321回复至贴合于第一支架本体311，进气空间关闭消失。本实施方式中，第一折环部322的横截面呈向远离所述第一支架本体311方向凹陷的弧形结构，从而使得在静止状态时，第一振动部321贴合于第一支架本体311且与第一固定部323位于同一平面。
所述第一固定部323贴合固定于所述第一支架本体311的周缘且覆盖所述第二通气口313的一部分，具体为覆盖第二通气口313远离第一通气口312的一端。该结构使得所述第一固定部323、所述第二通气口313以及所述壳体1共同围成将所述后腔102与所述进气空间连通的进气通道34。所述第一通气口312将所述进气空间与第一通孔13连通。
更优的，所述第一折环部322向所述第一支架本体311方向的正投影部分落入所述第二通气口313内。该结构设计改善了所述发声器件100工作时进气空间与进气通道34连通的可靠性。
第一透气件33固定于所述壳体1外侧，所述第一透气件33完全覆盖所述第一通孔13。第一透气件33用于调节第一通孔13的进气量大小，同时可防止异物进入后腔102而影响其声学性能，提高可靠性。比如第一透气件33为网布、阻尼网、透气隔离膜等。
本实施方式中，单向出气阀4与单向出气阀3的物理结构相同，安装及工作原理相反。具体的，单向出气阀4包括第二支架41、第二膜片42以及第二透气件43。
第二支架41固定于所述壳体1外侧，且完全覆盖所述第二通孔14。具体的，所述第二支架41包括固定于所述壳体1外侧的第二支架本体411以及分别贯穿所述第二支架本体411的第三通气口412和第四通气口413。
所述第三通气口412与所述第二通孔14连通，即通过第二通孔14与外界连通。更优的，所述第三通气口412与所述第二通孔14正对设置，通气效果更顺畅。
所述第四通气口413环绕于所述第三通气口412间隔设置，所述第四通气口413延伸至所述第二支架本体411的周缘且第四通气口413与外界连通，即第四通气口413由第二支架本体411的周缘向靠近第三通气口412的方向延伸，比如所述第四通气口413呈U形口。本实施方式中，所述第四通气口413包括四个且等间距设置，当然，其数量及形状不限于此。
第二膜片42贴设于所述第二支架41远离所述第二通孔14的一侧。具体的，所述第二膜片42包括第二振动部421、由所述第二振动部421的周缘延伸的第二折环部422以及由所述第二折环部422远离所述第二振动部421的一端向外扩散延伸的第二固定部423。
第二振动部421覆盖第三通气口412，其也可同时覆盖第四通气口413的一部分，第二振动部421可相对于所述第二支架本体411上下移动并在移动至与第二支架本体411间隔时共同围成出气空间，所谓上下移动是指沿第二通孔14的轴向方向。
第二折环部422用于提供弹性恢复力和振动幅度，即当第二振动部421相对于第二支架本体411向上远离运动时，由第二折环部422的弹性性能提供振动幅度大小，出气空间打开形成；运动结束后，所述第二折环部422恢复弹性型变而产生弹性恢复力，使得第二振动部421回复至贴合于第二支架本体411，出气空间关闭消失。本实施方式中，第二折环部422的横截面呈向远离所述第二支架本体411方向凹陷的弧形结构，从而使得在静止状态时，第二振动部421贴合于第二支架本体411且与第二固定部423位于同一平面。
所述第二固定部423贴合固定于所述第二支架本体411的周缘且覆盖所述第四通气口413的一部分，具体为覆盖第四通气口413远离第三通气口412的一端。该结构使得所述第二固定部423、所述第四通气口413以及所述壳体1共同围成将所述后腔102与所述出气空间连通的出气通道44。所述第三通气口412将所述出气空间与第二通孔14连通。
更优的，所述第二折环部422向所述第二支架本体411方向的正投影部分落入所述第四通气口413内。该结构设计改善了所述发声器件100工作时进气空间与出气通道44连通的可靠性。
第二透气件43固定于所述壳体1外侧，所述第二透气件43完全覆盖所述第二通孔14。第二透气件43用于调节第二通孔14的进气量大小。比如第二透气件43为网布、阻尼网、透气隔离膜等。
更优的，本实施方式中，所述第一通孔13开设于所述上盖11，所述第二通孔14开设于所述下盖12。该结构使得装配于第一通孔13的单向进气阀3和装配于第二通孔14的单向出气阀4之间的空气路径更长，即可实现更优的空气循环效果。
所述单向进气阀3的工作原理如下：当振膜21向上运动时（振膜21远离后腔102运动），后腔102体积变大，第一膜片32的第一振动部321向远离第一支架31方向上浮，并在第一振动部321与第一支架31之间形成打开状态的进气空间，外界空气依次经第一通孔13与第一通气口312被吸入该进气空间，再经进气通道34进入后腔102，振膜21向下运动时，第一振动部321回复至初始状态，同时后腔102内的压强增大，使第一振动部321抵接于第一支架31并覆盖第一通气口312，形成密封。
单向出气阀4的工作原理与单向出气阀4的工作原理相反：振膜21向下运动时（振膜21靠近后腔102运动），后腔102体积变小，压强增大，后腔102内的空气经挤压流至单向出气阀4，第二膜片42的第二振动部421向完离所述第二支架41方向上浮，并在第二振动部421与第二支架41之间形成打开状态的出气空间，后腔内的空气依次经过第二通孔14与第三通孔口412被挤排至该出气空间，再经出气通道44排至外界，振膜21向上运动时，第二振动部421回复至初始状态，同时后腔102内的压强减小形呈负压，使第二振动部421抵接于第二支架31并覆盖第三通气口412，形成密封。
本发明还提供一种移动终端（图未示），所述移动终端包括具有容纳空间的外壳和装配于所述外壳内的如本发明提供的上述发声器件100。
所述外壳设有贯穿其上且将分别将所述容纳空间与外部连通的进气口和出气口。单向进气阀将所述容纳空间与所述后腔连通，外界的空气经进气口进入容纳空间，再经单向进气阀进入后腔；单向出气阀将后腔与出气口连通，后腔的空气经单向出气阀排出至出气口，从而排至外界。
当所述移动终端工作时，其内部的元器件产生大量热量，振膜21振动使所述后腔102的体积变化：振膜21向上运动时（振膜21远离后腔102运动），后腔102体积变大，外部冷空气由进气口进入容纳空间内，冷空气经过各元器件后带走一部分热量并升温为热空气，再经所述单向进气阀3抽入至所述后腔102；振膜21向下运动时（振膜21靠近后腔102运动），后腔102体积变小，后腔102内的热空气经挤压流至单向出气阀4，并经单向出气阀4排出至出气口，从而排至外界，形成的空气循环，达到散热目的。
与相关技术相比，本发明的发声器件及移动终端中，通过设置单向进气阀将外界与所述发声器件的后腔连通且用于向所述前腔内进气，以及设置单向出气阀将所述发声器件的后腔与外界连通且用于将所述后腔内的空气排向外界，通过发声器件的振动发声的同时产生正负压，使空气由进气口抽入移动终端后，经移动终端内部的元器件升温后从所述单向出气阀排出，从而形成空气循环，在不需要增加额外的散热器件的情况下有利于移动终端内部降温，提高工作性能和稳定性。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种发声器件，其包括具有收容空间的壳体、收容于所述收容空间内的发声单体以及固定于所述壳体上的单向进气阀和单向出气阀，所述发声单体包括用于振动发声的振膜，所述振膜将所述收容空间分隔为前腔和后腔；其特征在于，所述单向进气阀将外界与所述后腔连通且在所述振膜振动使得所述后腔体积变大时用于向所述后腔内进气，所述单向出气阀将所述后腔与外界连通且在所述振膜振动使得所述后腔体积变小时用于将所述后腔内的空气排向外界。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体设有将外界与所述后腔连通的第一通孔，所述单向进气阀包括固定于所述壳体内侧且完全覆盖所述第一通孔的第一支架以及贴设于所述第一支架远离所述第一通孔一侧的第一膜片；
    所述第一支架包括固定于所述壳体内侧的第一支架本体以及分别贯穿所述第一支架本体的第一通气口和第二通气口，所述第一通气口与所述第一通孔连通，所述第二通气口环绕于所述第一通气口间隔设置，所述第二通气口延伸至所述第一支架本体的周缘且与所述后腔连通；
    所述第一膜片包括可相对于所述第一支架本体上下移动并在移动至与所述第一支架本体间隔时共同围成进气空间的第一振动部、由所述第一振动部的周缘延伸的第一折环部以及由所述第一折环部远离所述第一振动部的一端向外扩散延伸的第一固定部；所述第一固定部贴合固定于所述第一支架本体且覆盖所述第二通气口的一部分，所述第一固定部、所述第二通气口以及所述壳体共同围成将所述后腔与所述进气空间连通的进气通道，所述第一通气口将所述进气空间与第一通孔连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述第一折环部的横截面呈向远离所述第一支架本体方向凹陷的弧形结构。 4. 根据权利要求3所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述第一折环部向所述第一支架本体方向的正投影部分落入所述第二通气口内。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述第一振动部与所述第一通气口正对设置，所述第一通气口与所述第一通孔正对设置，所述第二通气口包括四个且等间距设置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述单向进气阀还包括固定于所述壳体外侧的第一透气件，所述第一透气件完全覆盖所述第一通孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体还设有将外界与所述后腔连通的第二通孔，所述单向出气阀包括固定于所述壳体外侧且完全覆盖所述第二通孔的第二支架以及贴设于所述第二支架远离所述第二通孔一侧的第二膜片；所述第二支架包括固定于所述壳体外侧的第二支架本体以及分别贯穿所述第二支架本体的第三通气口和第四通气口，所述第三通气口与所述第二通孔连通，所述第四通气口环绕于所述第三通气口间隔设置，所述第四通气口延伸至所述第二支架本体的周缘且与外界连通；所述第二膜片包括可相对于所述第二支架本体上下移动并移动至与所述第二支架本体间隔时共同围成出气空间的第二振动部、由所述第二振动部的周缘延伸的第二折环部以及由所述第二折环部远离所述第二振动部的一端向外扩散延伸的第二固定部；所述第二固定部贴合固定于所述第二支架本体的周缘且覆盖所述第四通气口的一部分，所述第二固定部、所述第四通气口以及所述壳体共同围成将所述出气空间与外界连通的出气通道，所述第三通气口将所述出气空间与第二通孔连通。
  7. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述第二折环部的横截面呈向远离所述第二支架本体方向凹陷的弧形结构。 9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述第二折环部向所述第二支架本体方向的正投影部分落入所述第四通气口内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述第二振动部与所述第三通气口正对设置，所述第三通气口与所述第二通孔正对设置，所述第四通气口包括四个且等间距设置。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述单向出气阀还包括固定于所述壳体内侧的第二透气件，所述第二透气件完全覆盖所述第二通孔。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体包括上盖和盖设于所述上盖并共同围成所述收容空间的下盖，所述发声单体与所述上盖围成所述前腔，所述发声单体、所述上盖及所述下盖共同围成所述后腔，所述第一通孔开设于所述上盖，所述第二通孔开设于所述下盖。
  11. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，所述移动终端包括具有容纳空间的外壳和装配于所述外壳内的如权利要求1-12任意一项所述的发声器件；所述外壳设有贯穿其上且将分别将所述容纳空间与外部连通的进气口和出气口，所述单向进气阀将所述容纳空间与所述后腔连通，所述单向出气阀将所述后腔与所述出气口连通。
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