WO2021017124A1 - 一种旋转活塞式发动机 - Google Patents

一种旋转活塞式发动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017124A1
WO2021017124A1 PCT/CN2019/107200 CN2019107200W WO2021017124A1 WO 2021017124 A1 WO2021017124 A1 WO 2021017124A1 CN 2019107200 W CN2019107200 W CN 2019107200W WO 2021017124 A1 WO2021017124 A1 WO 2021017124A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
rotor
piston
combustion chamber
roller
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PCT/CN2019/107200
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范宝伟
王远光
张耀元
曾永豪
刘绍文
潘剑锋
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江苏大学
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Application filed by 江苏大学 filed Critical 江苏大学
Publication of WO2021017124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017124A1/zh
Priority to US17/169,466 priority Critical patent/US11300044B2/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/16—Admission or exhaust passages in pistons or outer members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/04—Charge admission or combustion-gas discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/08—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/14—Shapes or constructions of combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B55/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons
    • F02B55/02—Pistons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a rotary piston engine.
  • internal combustion engines can be divided into many types.
  • the two most widely used internal combustion engines are: Wankel delta rotary engine and reciprocating piston engine.
  • Wankel delta rotary engine has their own advantages and disadvantages.
  • Wankel triangular rotor engine it has the inherent advantages of simple structure, fewer parts and high power-to-weight ratio. But it is undeniable that the Wankel delta rotary engine has high fuel consumption and high emissions, and these problems restrict its further development.
  • the main reason for the above-mentioned defects of the Wankel delta rotary engine is: the special structure and movement of this type of rotary engine lead to a very long and narrow combustion chamber, and fuel and air cannot be mixed and burned well in this long and narrow combustion chamber. . Therefore, the long and narrow combustion chamber of the rotary engine restricts the improvement of its overall combustion efficiency.
  • the combustion chamber of the piston reciprocating engine does not have the problem of the long and narrow combustion chamber, so its combustion efficiency is significantly higher.
  • the components and movement methods of the reciprocating piston engine are more complicated than the Wankel delta rotary engine, so its volume is larger and the power to weight ratio is not high.
  • a small amount of exhaust gas will be mixed with the fresh mixture, which will cause the combustion products to affect the entry and filling of the fresh mixture, and then affect the entire combustion process.
  • the present invention provides a rotary piston engine, which makes the original long and narrow combustion chamber of the traditional rotary engine no longer narrow and long, so as to shorten the time difference of ignition of various parts of the combustion chamber, and at the same time can exhaust The exhaust gas produced by combustion improves the performance of the rotary engine.
  • the present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.
  • a rotary piston engine includes a casing and a rotor.
  • the casing is provided with a rotating rotor, and the cavity of the rotor is divided into a compression chamber with volume changes.
  • the outer ring of the casing is provided with a main shaft that can rotate around the rotor. Any one of the combustion chambers is connected to the compression chamber; the combustion chamber is connected to the main shaft through a transmission system, and the combustion chamber drives the main shaft to rotate through the combustion of compressed gas.
  • the housing includes an upper cylinder head and a lower cylinder head, the boss of the upper cylinder head is matched with the stop of the lower cylinder head; a rotatable piston gear disc is provided between the upper cylinder head and the lower cylinder head , The inner ring of the piston gear disc is provided with evenly distributed support blocks, the support blocks are in contact with the boss rolling pair; the cavity between the boss, the lower cylinder head and two adjacent support blocks is Combustion chamber; the piston gear plate is connected to the main shaft through a transmission system.
  • a plurality of rollers are installed at the bottom of each support block, and the plurality of rollers are in contact with the boss rolling pair.
  • the two ends of the piston gear disc are respectively connected with the upper cylinder head and the lower cylinder head through flat bearings.
  • the wall surface of the rotor cavity is provided with a roller groove
  • the roller pillow is placed in the roller groove
  • a roller is installed at the bottom of the roller
  • a roller spring is installed between the roller groove and the roller for mounting the rotor Keep the roller in contact with the outer surface of the rotor during rotation.
  • a first sealing component is provided between the two ends of the piston gear plate and the upper and lower cylinder heads, and a second sealing component is provided on the support block. Through the second sealing component and the first sealing component, Used to seal the combustion chamber.
  • the transmission system is a gear train transmission.
  • the exhaust device is a single-acting reset piston device.
  • the exhaust device is mounted on the housing.
  • the piston of the exhaust device can extend into the combustion chamber, and through the rotation of the combustion chamber, Used for forced exhaust.
  • the exhaust device includes a piston rod, a return spring and a cam mechanism;
  • the casing is provided with a piston rod groove communicating with the combustion chamber, and the piston at one end of the piston rod can pass through the piston rod groove and enter the combustion chamber, The other end of the piston rod is connected with the cam mechanism, and the piston rod reciprocates in the piston rod groove through the cam mechanism;
  • a reset spring is installed on the piston rod to ensure that the other end of the piston rod is in contact with the cam mechanism.
  • the input end of the cam mechanism is drivingly connected with the main shaft of the rotor.
  • the rotary piston engine of the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the long and narrow combustion chamber of the traditional Wankel delta rotor engine through the rotating combustion chamber, and improves the combustion efficiency of the engine.
  • the rotating combustion chamber is located between the upper cylinder head and the lower cylinder head, reducing the distance between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber.
  • the rotary piston engine of the present invention can forcibly exhaust the exhaust gas generated during the combustion process through the exhaust device, thereby preventing the combustion products from affecting the entry and filling of the new mixture.
  • Fig. 1 is the assembly diagram of the rotary piston engine according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an axial view of the upper cylinder according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is another axial view of the upper cylinder according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the piston gear plate according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the piston gear disk of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the roller according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust device according to the present invention.
  • the rotary piston engine of the present invention includes a casing and a rotor 11, and a rotating rotor 11 is arranged inside the casing.
  • the rotor cavity is divided into three compression chambers 13 with varying volumes.
  • the housing and the rotor 11 are both traditional Wankel delta rotor engines, and the outer ring of the housing is provided with three unconnected combustion chambers 14 that can rotate around the main shaft 7 of the rotor 11.
  • the combustion chamber 14 and the compression chamber 13 are connected through a compressed air passage 34; the combustion chamber 14 is connected to the main shaft 7 through a transmission system, and the combustion chamber 14 drives the main shaft 7 to rotate through the combustion of compressed gas.
  • the housing includes an upper cylinder head 8 and a lower cylinder head 9, and the boss 12 of the upper cylinder head 8 and the lower cylinder head 9 Stop fitting; a rotatable piston gear plate 10 is provided between the step surface of the boss 12 and the lower cylinder head 9, and a seat ring groove 15 is provided on the step surface of the boss 12, and the lower cylinder
  • the cover 9 is provided with a seat ring groove 15, the piston gear disk 10 is provided with shaft ring grooves 16 on both ends, and the piston gear disk 10 passes through the flat bearing and the step surface of the upper boss 12 and the lower cylinder respectively.
  • the cover 9 is connected, the race of the plane bearing is installed in the race groove 15, and the race of the plane bearing is installed in the race groove 16 on the end surface of the piston gear disk 10.
  • the upper cylinder head 8 is provided with an intake passage 33 communicating with the compression chamber 13; the upper cylinder head 8 is provided with a spark plug 35 for igniting the combustion chamber 14.
  • the piston gear disk 10 is an external gear ring gear, and the inner ring of the piston gear disk 10 is provided with three support blocks 37 evenly distributed.
  • the cavity between the boss 12, the lower cylinder head 9 and the two adjacent support blocks 37 is the combustion chamber 14.
  • the rotation of the piston gear plate 10 realizes the rotation of the combustion chamber 14.
  • the boss 12 An exhaust duct 36 is provided on the stepped surface.
  • a first sealing component is provided between the two ends of the piston gear plate 10 and the upper cylinder head 8 and the lower cylinder head 9 respectively, and a second sealing component is provided on the supporting block 37, which passes through the second sealing component and the first sealing component.
  • the first seal assembly includes a first oil scraper ring 17 and a first seal ring 18, and the second seal assembly includes a second oil scraper ring 19 and a second seal ring 20.
  • the piston gear plate 10 is drivingly connected to the main shaft 7 through a transmission system.
  • the transmission system is a gear train transmission.
  • the gear train includes a first external gear 1, a second external gear 2, a connecting shaft 3, and a fourth external gear 5.
  • the fourth external gear 5 is mounted on the main shaft 7, and the piston gear plate 10 is connected to the first external gear. 1 is meshed, the first external gear 1 is connected to the second external gear 2 through a connecting shaft 3, the second external gear 2 is meshed with the fourth external gear 5, and the connecting shaft 3 is supported on the upper cylinder through a support seat 32 Cover 8 outside.
  • the wall of the rotor cavity is provided with a roller groove 21.
  • the roller groove 21 in the figure is located at the center of the top of the profile line of the boss 12.
  • the bottom of the groove 21 is provided with a roller spring counterbore 22, and the roller spring 23 is placed in the roller spring counterbore 22; the roller pillow 24 is placed in the roller groove 21, and a roller 25 is installed at the bottom of the roller pillow 24.
  • a roller spring 23 is installed between the groove 21 and the roller pillow 24 to keep the roller 25 in contact with the outer surface of the rotor 11 during the rotation of the rotor 11.
  • the exhaust device is a single-acting reset piston device.
  • the exhaust device is installed on the housing.
  • the piston of the exhaust device can extend into the combustion chamber 14.
  • the rotation of the combustion chamber 14 is used for forced exhaust.
  • the exhaust device includes a piston rod 28, a return spring 29, and a cam mechanism; the upper cylinder head 8 is provided with a piston rod groove 31 communicating with the combustion chamber 14, and the piston rod groove 31 is close to the exhaust passage 36.
  • the piston at one end of the piston rod 28 can enter the combustion chamber 14 through the piston rod groove 31, and the size and shape of the piston entering the combustion chamber 14 is just enough to separate the combustion chamber 14 into two parts that are not communicating with each other;
  • One end is connected with the cam mechanism, and the piston rod 28 is reciprocated in the piston rod groove 31 through the cam mechanism; a reset spring 29 is installed on the piston rod 28 to ensure that the other end of the piston rod 28 is in contact with the cam mechanism.
  • the input end of the cam mechanism is drivingly connected with the main shaft 7 of the rotor 11.
  • the cam mechanism includes a first bevel gear 6, a second bevel gear 30, a camshaft 27, and a cam 26.
  • the cam 26 is in contact with the other end of the piston rod 28.
  • the cam 26 is in contact with the second bevel gear through the camshaft 27.
  • the gear 30 is connected, the first bevel gear 6 is mounted on the main shaft 7, and the first bevel gear 6 is meshed with the second bevel gear 30.
  • the shape of the cam 26 can be designed to ensure the exhaust stroke from the beginning to the end. In the process, the piston at one end of the piston rod 28 is always located in the combustion chamber, thereby playing a role of forced exhaust.
  • the working process of the rotary piston engine of the present invention includes four strokes, namely: intake stroke, compression stroke, combustion stroke and exhaust stroke.
  • the following describes the working process of the entire engine according to the specific implementation of the four strokes of the rotary piston engine.
  • the air intake stroke of the rotary piston engine is implemented as follows: the combustible gas first enters the compression chamber 13 through the intake passage 32 on the upper cylinder head 8, thus completing the intake stroke.
  • the compression stroke of the rotary piston engine is realized as follows: the rotation of the piston gear plate 10 drives the first external gear 1 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 3 to rotate, and then drives the second external gear 2 on the other end to rotate, thereby driving the main shaft
  • the fourth external gear 5 on 7 rotates, which in turn drives the rotation of the main shaft 7, which in turn drives the third external gear 4 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotor 11 to rotate.
  • the third external gear 4 drives the rotor 11 to rotate is the existing structure of the Wankel delta rotor engine, and the specific structure is not described. Under the action of the roller 25, the mixed gas in the compression chamber 13 completely enters the combustion chamber 14 through the compressed air passage 34 to complete the compression stroke.
  • the combustion stroke of the rotary piston engine is realized in the following manner: at the moment when the compression stroke is completed, the spark plug 35 ignites the compressed gas, and the pressure generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 14 will push the piston gear plate 10 to rotate, thereby realizing the combustion stroke of the engine.
  • the exhaust stroke of the rotary piston engine is realized in the following way: the combusted exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 14, as the piston gear plate 10 rotates, when it rotates to the exhaust passage 36, in the first bevel gear 6 and the second cone Under the action of the gear 30, the main shaft 7 rotates to drive the cam 26 to rotate.
  • the piston at one end of the piston rod 28 is always located in the combustion chamber during the exhaust stroke from the beginning to the end.
  • the pressure is much higher than the atmospheric pressure. At this time, the pressure difference and the forced exhaust function of the cam rod are used to completely exhaust the exhaust gas and complete the exhaust stroke.
  • a valve is provided in the exhaust duct 36, and the valve can be linked with the rotation of the cam 26 or the displacement of the piston rod 28, so as to realize automatic control.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
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Abstract

一种旋转活塞式发动机，包括壳体和转子(11)，所述壳体内部设有转动的转子(11)，将转子(11)空腔分成体积变化的压缩室(13)，所述壳体外圈设有可绕所述转子(11)的主轴(7)旋转的若干燃烧室(14)，任一所述燃烧室(14)与压缩室(13)导通；所述燃烧室(14)通过传动系统与主轴(7)传动连接，通过压缩气体的燃烧使燃烧室(14)带动主轴(7)旋转。所述壳体包括上缸盖(8)和下缸盖(9)，所述上缸盖(8)的凸台(12)与下缸盖(9)止口配合；所述上缸盖(8)与下缸盖(9)之间设有可旋转的活塞齿轮盘(10)，所述活塞齿轮盘(10)的内圈上设有均布的支撑块(37)，所述支撑块(37)与凸台(12)滚动副接触；所述凸台(12)、下缸盖(9)和相邻两个支撑块(37)之间的空腔为燃烧室(14)。该旋转活塞式发动机通过旋转的燃烧室(14)，克服了传统汪克尔三角转子发动机燃烧室狭长的缺点，使发动机的燃烧效率得到提高。

Description

一种旋转活塞式发动机 技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机技术领域，特别涉及一种旋转活塞式发动机。
背景技术
根据内燃机的具体结构和运动方式不同，内燃机可分为很多种，其中应用最为广泛的两种内燃机是：汪克尔三角转子发动机和往复式活塞发动机。这两种发动机各有自身的优缺点，针对汪克尔三角转子发动机而言，其具有结构简单，零部件少和功重比高等先天优势。但是不可否认的是，汪克尔三角转子发动机存在的高油耗及高排放等问题，并且这些问题制约其进一步发展。众所周知，造成汪克尔三角转子发动机上述缺陷的主要原因是：该型转子发动机特殊的结构和运动方式导致了其燃烧室非常狭长，而燃油和空气无法在此狭长燃烧室内较好的混合和燃烧。因此，转子发动机狭长的燃烧室制约了其整机燃烧效率的提高。而针对往复式活塞发动机而言，其与汪克尔三角转子发动机相比，活塞往复式发动机的燃烧室由于不存在燃烧室狭长的问题，因此其燃烧效率明显更高。但是，往复式活塞发动机的零部件和运动方法都比汪克尔三角转子发动机复杂，因此其体积较大并且功重比不高。同时，由于传统汪克尔转子发动机不可避免的缺陷，一定会出现少量废气与新鲜混合气混合的现象，这导致燃烧产物影响新鲜新混合气的进入和填充，进而影响整个燃烧过程。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供了一种旋转活塞式发动机，使传统转子发动机原本狭长的燃烧室变得不再狭长，以缩短燃烧室各处的着火时差，同时又可以排尽燃烧产生的废气，从而提高转子发动机的性能。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种旋转活塞式发动机，包括壳体和转子，所述壳体内部设有转动的转子，将转子空腔分成体积变化的压缩室，所述壳体外圈设有可绕所述转子的主轴旋转的若干燃烧室，任一所述燃烧室与压缩室导通；所述燃烧室通过传动系统与主轴传动连接，通过压缩气体的燃烧使燃烧室带动主轴旋转。
进一步，所述壳体包括上缸盖和下缸盖，所述上缸盖的凸台与下缸盖止口配合；所述上缸盖与下缸盖之间设有可旋转的活塞齿轮盘，所述活塞齿轮盘的内圈上设有均布的支撑块，所述支撑块与凸台滚动副接触；所述凸台、下缸盖和相邻两个支撑块之间的空腔为燃烧室；所述活塞齿轮盘通过传动系统与主轴传动连接。
进一步，每一所述支撑块底部安装若干滚柱，若干所述滚柱与凸台滚动副接触。
进一步，所述活塞齿轮盘两端面分别通过平面轴承与上缸盖和下缸盖连接。
进一步，所述转子空腔壁面设有滚轮槽，所述滚枕放在所述滚轮槽内，所述滚枕底部安装滚轮，所述滚轮槽与滚枕之间安装滚轮弹簧，用于在转子转动过程中使滚轮保持与转子外表面接触。
进一步，所述活塞齿轮盘两端面与上缸盖和下缸盖之间分别设有第一密封组件，所述支撑块上设有第二密封组件，通过第二密封组件和第一密封组件，用于燃烧室的密封。
进一步，所述传动系统为齿轮轮系传动。
进一步，还包括排气装置，所述排气装置为单作用复位活塞装置，所述排气装置安装在壳体上，所述排气装置的活塞可伸入燃烧室内，通过燃烧室的旋转，用于强制排气。
进一步，所述排气装置包括活塞杆、复位弹簧和凸轮机构；所述壳体上设有与燃烧室连通的活塞杆槽，所述活塞杆一端的活塞可穿过活塞杆槽进入燃烧室，所述活塞杆另一端与凸轮机构连接，通过凸轮机构使活塞杆在活塞杆槽内往复运动；所述活塞杆上安装复位弹簧，用于保证活塞杆另一端与凸轮机构接触。
进一步，所述凸轮机构输入端与所述转子的主轴传动连接。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1.本发明所述的旋转活塞式发动机，通过旋转的燃烧室，克服了传统汪克尔三角转子发动机燃烧室狭长的缺点，使发动机的燃烧效率得到提高。
2.本发明所述的旋转活塞式发动机，旋转的燃烧室位于上缸盖和下缸盖之间，减少了压缩室与燃烧室之间的距离。
3.本发明所述的旋转活塞式发动机，通过排气装置可强制排尽燃烧过程产生的废气，从而避免燃烧产物影响新混合气的进入和填充。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的旋转活塞式发动机总装图。
图2为本发明所述的上缸体轴式图。
图3为本发明所述的上缸体另一轴式图。
图4为本发明所述的活塞齿轮盘安装示意图。
图5为本发明所述的活塞齿轮盘局部放大图。
图6为本发明所述的滚轮安装示意图。
图7为本发明所述的排气装置剖视图。
图中：
1-第一外齿轮；2-第二外齿轮；3-连接轴；4-第三外齿轮；5-第四外齿轮；6-第一锥齿轮；7-主轴；8-上缸盖；9-下缸盖；10-活塞齿轮盘；11-转子；12-凸台；13-压缩室；14-燃烧室；15-座圈槽；16-轴圈槽；17-第一刮油环；18-第一密封环；19-第二刮油环；20-第二密封环；21-滚轮槽；22-滚轮弹簧沉孔；23-滚轮弹簧；24-滚枕；25-滚轮；26-凸轮；27-凸轮轴；28-活塞杆；29-复位弹簧；30-第二锥齿轮；31-活塞杆槽；32-支撑座；33-进气道；34-压缩气道；35-火花塞；36-排气道；37-支撑块；38-滚柱。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
如图1所示，本发明所述的旋转活塞式发动机，包括壳体和转子11，所述壳体内部设有转动的转子11，将转子空腔分成体积变化的3个压缩室13，实施例中壳体和转子11均为传统的汪克尔三角转子发动机，所述壳体外圈设有可绕所述转子11的主轴7旋转的3个互相不连通的燃烧室14，任一所述燃烧室14与压缩室13通过压缩气道34导通；所述燃烧室14通过传动系统与主轴7传动连接，通过压缩气体的燃烧使燃烧室14带动主轴7旋转。
具体结构如下：为了制造方便，如图2、图3和图4所示，所述壳体包括上缸盖8和下缸盖9，所述上缸盖8的凸台12与下缸盖9止口配合；所述凸台12的台阶面与下缸盖9之间设有可旋转的活塞齿轮盘10，所述凸台12的台阶面上设有一个座圈槽15，所述下缸盖9上设有一个座圈槽15，所述活塞齿轮盘10两端面分别设有轴圈槽16，所述活塞齿轮盘10两端面分别通过平面轴承与上凸台12的台阶面和下缸盖9连接，所述平面轴承的座圈安装在所述座圈槽15内，所述平面轴承的轴圈安装在活塞齿轮盘10端面的轴圈槽16内。所述上缸盖8上设有与压缩室13连通的进气道33；所述上缸盖8上设有火花塞35，用于点燃燃烧室14。
如图5所示，所述活塞齿轮盘10为外齿轮齿圈，所述活塞齿轮盘10的内圈上设有均布的3个支撑块37，所述支撑块37与凸台12滚动副接触；每一所述支撑块37底部安装若干滚柱38，若干所述滚柱38与凸台12滚动副接触；所述支撑块37底部也可以安装钢珠或者滚针。所述凸台12、下缸盖9和相邻两个支撑块37之间的空腔为燃烧室14，通过所述活塞齿轮盘10的转动，实现燃烧室14的旋转，所述凸台12的台阶面上设有排气道36。所述活塞齿轮盘10两端面与上缸盖8和下缸盖9之间分别设有第一密封组件，所述支撑块37上设有第二密封组件，通过第二密封组件和第一密封组件，用于燃烧室14的密封。所述第一密封组件包括第一刮油环17和第一密封环18，所述第二密封组件包括第二刮油环19和第二密封环20。
如图1所示，所述活塞齿轮盘10通过传动系统与主轴7传动连接。所述传动系统为齿轮 轮系传动。齿轮轮系包括第一外齿轮1、第二外齿轮2、连接轴3、第四外齿轮5；所述第四外齿轮5安装在主轴7上，所述活塞齿轮盘10与第一外齿轮1啮合，所述第一外齿轮1通过连接轴3与第二外齿轮2连接，所述第二外齿轮2与第四外齿轮5啮合，所述连接轴3通过支撑座32支撑在上缸盖8外部。
如图6所示，为了将压缩室13内的混合气完全压入燃烧室14，所述转子空腔壁面设有滚轮槽21，图中滚轮槽21位于凸台12型线顶部中心位置，滚轮槽21底部设有滚轮弹簧沉孔22，滚轮弹簧23放置于滚轮弹簧沉孔22内；所述滚枕24放在所述滚轮槽21内，所述滚枕24底部安装滚轮25，所述滚轮槽21与滚枕24之间安装滚轮弹簧23，用于在转子11转动过程中使滚轮25保持与转子11外表面接触。
如图7所示，还包括排气装置，所述排气装置为单作用复位活塞装置，所述排气装置安装在壳体上，所述排气装置的活塞可伸入燃烧室14内，通过燃烧室14的旋转，用于强制排气。所述排气装置包括活塞杆28、复位弹簧29和凸轮机构；所述上缸盖8上设有与燃烧室14连通的活塞杆槽31，且活塞杆槽31靠近排气道36，所述活塞杆28一端的活塞可穿过活塞杆槽31进入燃烧室14，进入燃烧室14的活塞大小形状刚好可以把燃烧室14隔成左右两个互不相通的两部分；所述活塞杆28另一端与凸轮机构连接，通过凸轮机构使活塞杆28在活塞杆槽31内往复运动；所述活塞杆28上安装复位弹簧29，用于保证活塞杆28另一端与凸轮机构接触。所述凸轮机构输入端与所述转子11的主轴7传动连接。所述凸轮机构包括第一锥齿轮6、第二锥齿轮30、凸轮轴27和凸轮26，所述凸轮26与活塞杆28另一端滚动副接触，所述凸轮26通过凸轮轴27与第二锥齿轮30连接，所述第一锥齿轮6安装在主轴7上，所述第一锥齿轮6与第二锥齿轮30啮合，通过对凸轮26形状的设计，可保证排气行程从开始到结束的过程中，所述活塞杆28一端的活塞始终位于燃烧室，从而起到强制排气的作用。
具体工作行程：
本发明所述的旋转活塞式发动机的工作过程包括四个行程即：进气行程、压缩行程、燃烧行程和排气行程。下面根据旋转活塞式发动机四个行程具体实现方式来描述整个发动机的工作过程。
旋转活塞式发动机进气行程的实现方式如下：可燃气首先通过上缸盖8上的进气道32进入到压缩室13内，这样就完成了进气行程。
旋转活塞式发动机压缩行程的实现方式如下：活塞齿轮盘10的转动，带动第一外齿轮1转动，进而转动带动连接轴3转动，进而带动另一端上的第二外齿轮2转动，进而带动主轴7上的第四外齿轮5转动，进而带动主轴7的转动，进而带动第三外齿轮4转动，进而带动转子11转动。第三外齿轮4带动转子11转动是汪克尔三角转子发动机现有结构，具体结构 不在描述。在滚轮25的作用下，压缩室13内的混合气通过压缩气道34完全进入燃烧室14，完成压缩行程。
旋转活塞式发动机燃烧行程的实现方式如下：在压缩行程完成的那一刻，火花塞35点燃压缩气，燃烧室14内由于燃烧产生的压力会推动活塞齿轮盘10旋转，从而实现发动机的燃烧行程。
旋转活塞式发动机排气行程的实现方式如下：燃烧后的废气在燃烧室14中，随着活塞齿轮盘10的转动，在转动到排气道36处，在第一锥齿轮6和第二锥齿轮30的作用下，主轴7转动带动凸轮26旋转，通过对凸轮26形状的设计，可保证排气行程从开始到结束的过程中，所述活塞杆28一端的活塞始终位于燃烧室，从而起到强制排气的作用。又由于燃烧室内刚经过燃烧行程，故压力远高于大气压，此时利用压差和凸轮杆的强制排气作用，将废气完全排尽，完成排气行程。一般排气道36内都会设有阀门，阀门可以与凸轮26转动或者活塞杆28的位移联动，从而实现自动化控制。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式，但本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下，本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种旋转活塞式发动机，包括壳体和转子(11)，所述壳体内部设有转动的转子(11)，将转子空腔分成体积变化的压缩室(13)，其特征在于，所述壳体外圈设有可绕所述转子(11)的主轴(7)旋转的若干燃烧室(14)，任一所述燃烧室(14)与压缩室(13)导通；所述燃烧室(14)通过传动系统与主轴(7)传动连接，通过压缩气体的燃烧使燃烧室(14)带动主轴(7)旋转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，所述壳体包括上缸盖(8)和下缸盖(9)，所述上缸盖(8)的凸台(12)与下缸盖(9)止口配合；所述上缸盖(8)与下缸盖(9)之间设有可旋转的活塞齿轮盘(10)，所述活塞齿轮盘(10)的内圈上设有均布的支撑块(37)，所述支撑块(37)与凸台(12)滚动副接触；所述凸台(12)、下缸盖(9)和相邻两个支撑块(37)之间的空腔为燃烧室(14)；所述活塞齿轮盘(10)通过传动系统与主轴(7)传动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，每一所述支撑块(37)底部安装若干滚柱(38)，若干所述滚柱(38)与凸台(12)滚动副接触。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，所述活塞齿轮盘(10)两端面分别通过平面轴承与上缸盖(8)和下缸盖(9)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，所述转子空腔壁面设有滚轮槽(21)，所述滚枕(24)放在所述滚轮槽(21)内，所述滚枕(24)底部安装滚轮(25)，所述滚轮槽(21)与滚枕(24)之间安装滚轮弹簧(23)，用于在转子(11)转动过程中使滚轮(25)保持与转子(11)外表面接触。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，所述活塞齿轮盘(10)两端面与上缸盖(8)和下缸盖(9)之间分别设有第一密封组件，所述支撑块(37)上设有第二密封组件，通过第二密封组件和第一密封组件，用于燃烧室(14)的密封。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，所述传动系统为齿轮轮系传动。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，还包括排气装置，所述排气装置为单作用复位活塞装置，所述排气装置安装在壳体上，所述排气装置的活塞可伸入燃烧室(14)内，通过燃烧室(14)的旋转，用于强制排气。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，所述排气装置包括活塞杆(28)、复位弹簧(29)和凸轮机构；所述壳体上设有与燃烧室(14)连通的活塞杆槽(31)，所述活塞杆(28)一端的活塞可穿过活塞杆槽(31)进入燃烧室(14)，所述活塞杆(28)另一端与凸轮机构连接，通过凸轮机构使活塞杆(28)在活塞杆槽(31)内往复运动；所述活 塞杆(28)上安装复位弹簧(29)，用于保证活塞杆(28)另一端与凸轮机构接触。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的旋转活塞式发动机，其特征在于，所述凸轮机构输入端与所述转子(11)的主轴(7)传动连接。
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CN202065058U (zh) * 2011-05-25 2011-12-07 郭革委 活塞式内燃机
CN104373206A (zh) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-25 周荣光 回转引擎的改良结构
US20160115863A1 (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 Asaf Gitelis Round internal combustion engine
CN107218122A (zh) * 2017-07-14 2017-09-29 苗军 套筒转子发动机
CN109026366A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-18 江苏大学 一种可变点火位置的缸内直喷转子发动机喷射引燃系统

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US11300044B2 (en) 2022-04-12

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