WO2021015124A1 - Dispositif de mesure et procédé de mesure - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure et procédé de mesure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021015124A1
WO2021015124A1 PCT/JP2020/027842 JP2020027842W WO2021015124A1 WO 2021015124 A1 WO2021015124 A1 WO 2021015124A1 JP 2020027842 W JP2020027842 W JP 2020027842W WO 2021015124 A1 WO2021015124 A1 WO 2021015124A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
surface side
water absorption
electrolytic solution
electrodes
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PCT/JP2020/027842
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鳥越　一平
啓 中妻
明弘 兼松
公宏 嶋谷
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学校法人兵庫医科大学
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Publication of WO2021015124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021015124A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method, and more particularly to a measuring device for measuring the time history of the flow rate of the electrolytic solution flowing into the water absorption layer per unit time.
  • Measurement of urinary flow rate is an important test item in diagnosing urinary diseases.
  • Various urine flow rate measuring devices have been developed for patients who can urinate independently.
  • urination data is collected by regularly inspecting diapers and measuring the amount of urination when urination occurs. There is.
  • this method only the approximate time of urination and the total amount of urination can be known, and urine flow rate data cannot be obtained.
  • electrodes are arranged on the outer surface of an absorbent article that absorbs urination, which is opposite to the side that touches the skin of the user, and the amount of urination such as a diaper can be measured. Has been described.
  • the electrode impedance at each moment must correspond to the total amount of urine infiltrating the entire water absorption layer at that moment.
  • the relationship between electrode impedance and total urine volume is usually non-linear and dynamic (time history dependent). The process by which urine diffuses into the water-absorbing layer and the water-absorbing layer absorbs and retains urine is complicated.
  • the change in electrode impedance since the electrodes are arranged on the outer surface, the change in electrode impedance has a large time delay with respect to the change in total urine volume.
  • an object of the present invention is to propose a measuring device or the like suitable for accurately estimating the time history (urine flow rate, etc.) of the flow rate per unit time of the electrolytic solution flowing into the water absorption layer.
  • the first aspect of the present invention is a measuring device for measuring the time history of the flow rate of the electrolytic solution flowing into the water absorption layer per unit time, and the water absorption layer includes a front surface side layer and a back surface side layer. , The front surface side layer and the back surface side layer are provided, the water absorption layer is provided with a pair or more electrodes, and the electrodes are a part or all of the intermediate layer, the surface side layer and the said. Higher sensitivity than the back side layer.
  • the second aspect of the present invention is the measuring device of the first aspect, in which the intermediate layer includes the center in the thickness direction between the front surface and the back surface of the water absorption layer, and the electrolytic solution is the water absorption. It flows in from the front surface of the layer and does not flow in from the back surface.
  • the third aspect of the present invention is the measuring device of the first or second aspect, and the maximum sensitivity of the electrode is the center and / or the thickness direction between the front surface side and the back surface side of the intermediate layer. It exists near the center.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention is the measuring device according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the sensitivity of the electrode is uniformly distributed over the entire effective water absorption region of the water absorption layer.
  • the relationship between the impedance of the electrode and the total amount of the electrolytic solution can be linearly approximated.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention is a measuring method for measuring the time history of the flow rate of the electrolytic solution flowing into the water absorbing layer per unit time
  • the water absorbing layer includes a front surface side layer and a back surface side layer.
  • An intermediate layer between the front surface side layer and the back surface side layer is provided, the water absorption layer includes a pair or more of electrodes, and the electrodes are a part or all of the intermediate layer, and the surface side layer and the above. It is more sensitive than the back surface side layer and includes at least a step in which the impedance between the electrodes is changed by the electrolytic solution in the intermediate layer.
  • the sixth aspect of the present invention is the measuring method of the fifth aspect, in which the impedance of the electrode is changed by at least the electrolytic solution in the diffused state flowing in the intermediate layer and is maintained in the intermediate layer. It also changes depending on the electrolytic solution in the water-absorbing state, and the relationship with the total amount of the electrolytic solution flowing into the water-absorbing layer can be linearly approximated.
  • the sensitivity of the electrode installed in the water absorption layer is higher in the intermediate layer than in the front surface side layer and the back surface side layer.
  • the maximum sensitivity is set in the center and / or in the vicinity of the center in the thickness direction as in the third viewpoint.
  • the electrolytic solution flowing into the water absorption layer can be detected accurately.
  • the impedance is the total amount of the electrolytic solution. It can be measured with an accuracy that allows the relationship between them to be linearly approximated.
  • the conventional technique was mainly aimed at detecting "presence or absence of urination” to know when to change diapers, or to estimate “total amount of urination” to determine the necessity of changing diapers.
  • the present invention can measure the time history (urine flow rate in the case of urine) of the flow rate of the electrolytic solution per unit time with high accuracy.
  • Patent Document 1 refers to the measurement of urine flow rate.
  • the electrode is brought into contact with the outside of the water absorption layer (the side far from the skin), and the distribution of the electrolytic solution detection sensitivity in the water absorption layer thickness direction takes the maximum value at the end face of the water absorption layer.
  • the electrodes are composed of a group of conductors having a size of 25 mm ⁇ 25 mm, and the electrolyte detection sensitivity cannot be regarded as uniform. Therefore, it is expected that the measurement result of the urine flow rate is not sufficiently accurate.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a water absorption layer created by the inventors.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a water absorption layer created by the inventors. It is a graph which shows the experiment by the inventors. Another example of the configuration of the measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of the measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the measuring device 1 is for measuring the time history of the flow rate of the electrolytic solution flowing into the water absorption layer per unit time.
  • the measuring device 1 includes a water absorbing layer 3 (an example of the "water absorbing layer” according to the present invention) and a measuring unit 5.
  • the water absorption layer 3 absorbs and retains the electrolytic solution.
  • the upper surface of the water absorption layer 3 is the front surface, and the lower surface is the back surface.
  • the “thickness" is between the front and back surfaces.
  • the thickness direction is the vertical direction of FIG.
  • the electrolyte flows in from the surface.
  • the water absorbing layer 3 is a diaper and the electrolytic solution is urine. It is assumed that the diaper is used with the front surface in contact with the skin and the back surface away from the skin.
  • the water absorption layer 3 is divided into three layers in the thickness direction, the front surface side is the front surface side layer 7 (an example of the "front surface side layer” of the present claim), and the back surface side is the back surface side layer 11 (the "front surface side layer” of the present claim).
  • An example of the "back surface side layer” and the layer between the front surface side layer 7 and the back surface side layer 11 is the intermediate layer 9 (an example of the "intermediate layer” in the claims of the present application).
  • the water absorption layer 3 is divided into four equal parts in the thickness direction, the front surface side is the front surface side layer 7, the back surface side is the back surface side layer 11, and the two layers between the front surface side layer 7 and the back surface side layer 11 are combined.
  • the intermediate layer 9 may be used (see FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c)).
  • the sensitivity of the electrode 13 is higher than that of the front surface side layer 7 and the back surface side layer 11.
  • the sensitivity of the electrode 13 may be high as a whole in the thickness direction of the intermediate layer 9 (see FIGS. 2 and 3 and the like), or may be high in some parts.
  • the maximum sensitivity of the electrodes 13 1 and 13 2 may be present in the center in the thickness direction of the intermediate layer 9 may be present in the vicinity of the center, and distributed only in the vicinity of the free of central It may be distributed in the vicinity including the center.
  • the number of electrodes may be one or more. Further, the maximum sensitivity of the electrode 13 may exist in the center and / or in the vicinity of the water absorption layer 3 in the thickness direction.
  • the surface side layer 7 is close to the skin so that the electrode 13 of the intermediate layer 9 does not come into direct contact with the skin, and further, it is expected to prevent reflux while collecting urine as much as possible. ..
  • the intermediate layer 9 is expected to play a role of retaining most of the absorbed urine.
  • the back surface side layer 11 is expected to prevent the urine of the intermediate layer 9 from seeping out.
  • the front surface side layer 7, the intermediate layer 9, and the back surface side layer 11 may be integrated or separated.
  • the electrode 13 is electrically connected to the measuring unit 5.
  • the measurement section 5 measures the change in impedance (electrode impedance) between the electrodes.
  • the measuring unit 5 measures the electrode impedance that changes as urine, which is an electrolytic solution, infiltrates the water absorbing layer, estimates the time change of the amount of urine contained in the water absorbing layer based on the value, and further estimates the change with time. Calculate the time derivative to estimate the urine flow rate.
  • resistance conductance
  • capacitance susceptance may be used as the electrode impedance.
  • Diapers are for holding urine.
  • the front surface side layer 7, the intermediate layer 9, and the back surface side layer 11 hold urine that has flowed in from the surface of the water absorption layer 3.
  • the electrode impedance at each moment needs to correspond to the total amount of urine infiltrating the entire water absorption layer at that moment.
  • the urine that has flowed into the front surface side layer 7 can be measured with less time delay, and the urine that is retained before seeping into the back surface side layer 11 can also be measured.
  • urine in a diffused state and a water-absorbed state can be measured in a well-balanced manner. Therefore, it is possible to measure with high accuracy.
  • FIG. 2A shows the configuration of the intermediate layer 21 of the water absorption layer.
  • FIG. 2B is a reference diagram showing the positional relationship between the two copper wires when FIG. 2A is viewed from the side surface.
  • FIG. 2C shows the water absorption layer 23.
  • FIG. 2D is a reference diagram showing the positional relationship between the two copper wires and the like when FIG. 2C is viewed from the side surface.
  • FIG. 3A is a photograph of an actual example of the intermediate layer created by the inventors.
  • the water absorbing material is a cloth diaper (cotton cloth).
  • the intermediate layer is a stack of four, and the inner layer of the water absorption layer is 150 mm ⁇ 150 mm.
  • two copper wires are sewn into the intermediate layer as electrodes.
  • the weaving pitch of the electrodes is 5 mm apart.
  • the sensitivity is set to be uniform on a macro scale as a whole.
  • the macroscopically uniform sensitivity means that when a predetermined amount of urine is similarly inflowed into different places in the effective water absorption region, the sensitivity is arranged so as to make the same change.
  • the electrode is composed of a group of conductors having a size of 25 mm ⁇ 25 mm, and the electrolytic solution detection sensitivity cannot be regarded as uniform.
  • FIG. 3B is a photograph of another example of the actual intermediate layer created by the inventors.
  • the water absorbing material is a cloth diaper.
  • the intermediate layer is a stack of four, and the inner layer of the water absorption layer is 80 mm ⁇ 80 mm.
  • two copper wires are sewn into the intermediate layer as electrodes.
  • FIG. 3 (c) is a photograph of the actual product including the outer layer with FIG. 3 (b) as the intermediate layer.
  • the outer layer of the absorption layer is sandwiched by arranging two layers of cloth diapers as a front surface side layer and a back surface side layer, respectively, above and below the intermediate layer of FIG. 3 (b).
  • the water absorption layer is substantially a stack of eight cloth diapers, the upper two layers being the front surface side layer, the middle four layers being the water absorption layer 23, and the lower two layers being the back surface side layer.
  • the water absorption layer 23 is made of the same material and constitutes a front surface side layer, an intermediate layer, and a back surface side layer.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing experiments by the inventors.
  • FIG. 4A shows the relationship between admittance (line L 11 : solid line) and urine flow rate (ml / s) (line L 12 : broken line).
  • the horizontal axis is time.
  • the urine flow rate can be obtained by numerically differentiating the admittance waveform with respect to time.
  • FIG. 4 (b) shows the experimental results when an outer layer similar to that in FIG. 3 (c) is provided in the intermediate layer of FIG. 3 (a). Simulated urine is dropped at a bell-shaped flux with a syringe pump.
  • FIG. 4B shows the urine flow rate (line L 21 : broken line) obtained from the moving speed of the syringe pump and the value measured by the diaper type sensor of FIG. 2 (line L 22 : solid line).
  • the horizontal axis is time (s), and the vertical axis is the fine coefficient ((1 / ⁇ ) / s). It has been confirmed that the urine flow rate obtained from the moving speed of the syringe pump matches the true value with an uncertainty of about 2%.
  • the diaper type sensor detects the urine flow rate with high accuracy and accuracy.
  • the total amount of urine can be obtained with high accuracy by, for example, measuring the weight of a diaper.
  • the measurement result (L 22 ) by the diaper type sensor can be improved in accuracy to match L 21 by calibrating using the weight of the diaper or the like.
  • FIG. 4C shows the measurement results in the case of a configuration in which the water absorbing material is superposed on the electrodes (see Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, etc.).
  • the horizontal axis is time (s) and the vertical axis is admittance (1 / ⁇ ).
  • Line L 31 , line L 32, and line L 33 are electrode admittances when simulated urine is dropped at a constant flow rate of 5 ml / s when 5, 10 and 15 bleached sheets are stacked as water absorbing materials, respectively.
  • the waveform is shown. It takes time for the electrolytic solution to reach the electrode surface, and the change in electrode impedance is delayed. As the thickness of the water absorbing material increases, the delay in admittance change increases.
  • FIG. 4D shows the measurement result by the diaper type sensor of FIG. 3C.
  • the horizontal axis is time (s) and the vertical axis is admittance (1 / ⁇ ).
  • Line L 41 (dashed line) shows simulated urine dropped at a constant flow rate of 5 ml / s.
  • Line L 42 (solid line) shows the electrode admittance waveform when simulated urine is dropped.
  • an electrode is installed in the intermediate layer of the water absorption layer, and the electrode is configured so that the maximum sensitivity of the electrode matches near the center of the thickness of the water absorption layer, so that the delay is as small as possible. In fact, in FIG. 4 (d), the delay is significantly reduced as compared with FIG. 4 (c).
  • the effective water absorption region will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (e) and 4 (f).
  • a macroscopic uniform distribution of electrode sensitivity is a prerequisite for electrode impedance to be proportional to absorbed urine output. If the same amount of urine is absorbed by the water absorption layer but shows different impedance depending on the location of absorption, the impedance and the amount of absorption are not proportional. It is also important that the sensitivity distribution covers the entire effective water absorption region. When urine diffuses to a region having no sensitivity, the urine outside the sensitivity distribution does not contribute to the electrode impedance, so that the impedance and the amount of water absorption are not proportional.
  • FIG. 4 (e) and 4 (f) show the effect of the difference in the total amount of dripping by the diaper type sensor of FIG. 3 (c).
  • the electrode sensitivity distribution (copper wire sewing region) is as small as 80 mm ⁇ 80 mm.
  • FIG. 4 (e) shows the urine flow rate (line L 51 ) when the total amount of dripping is 50 ml, and the value measured by the diaper type sensor (line L 52 ).
  • the horizontal axis is time (s), and the vertical axis is admittance increase value ((1 / ⁇ ) / s). In this case, FIG. 4 (e) shows that the urine flow rate can be accurately measured.
  • FIG. 4 (e) shows that the urine flow rate can be accurately measured.
  • FIG. 4 (f) shows the urine flow rate (line L 61 ) when the total amount of dripping is 100 ml, and the value measured by the diaper type sensor (line L 62 ).
  • the horizontal axis is time (s), and the vertical axis is admittance increase value ((1 / ⁇ ) / s).
  • the admittance decreased even though the total urine volume should not have decreased, the electrolytic solution diffused outside the electrode sensitivity distribution, and there was a part where accurate measurement could not be performed.
  • the size is shown in FIG. 3A, the area of the effective water absorption region is 3.5 times or more, so it is expected that measurement can be performed with high accuracy even if the total amount of dripping is 100 ml.
  • the electrodes in FIG. 3 have solved the problems of conventional electrodes and made it possible to linearly approximate the relationship between impedance and total urine volume to a practically sufficient level. Furthermore, by numerically differentiating the impedance of the electrodes, the urinary fluxion could be estimated with sufficient accuracy for practical use.
  • the water absorption layer inner layer is an example in which conductive cloths are arranged above and below the water absorption material.
  • the outer layer of the water absorption layer water absorption materials are arranged above and below the inner layer of the water absorption layer.
  • FIG. 5B is a reference diagram showing the positional relationship between the outer layer of the absorbent material and the inner layer of the absorbent material (the absorbent and the upper and lower conductive cloths) when FIG. 5 (a) is viewed from the side surface.
  • FIG. 5 (c) and 5 (d) show still another example according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inner layer has a structure in which comb-tooth type electrodes are arranged.
  • Water absorption layer As the outer layer, water absorption materials are arranged above and below the inner layer.
  • FIG. 5D is a reference view showing the positional relationship between the absorbent material and the comb-shaped electrode when FIG. 5C is viewed from the side surface.
  • 1 measuring device 3, 23 water absorption layer, 5 measuring unit, 7 front surface side layer, 9, 21 intermediate layer, 11 back surface side layer, 13 electrodes

Abstract

La présente invention propose un dispositif de mesure, etc., qui est approprié pour estimer précisément un journal chronologique d'une quantité d'écoulement par unité de temps d'une solution électrolytique s'écoulant dans une couche absorbante (débit urinaire, etc.). Un dispositif de mesure 1 mesure un journal chronologique d'une quantité d'écoulement par unité de temps d'une solution électrolytique s'écoulant dans une couche absorbante 3. La couche absorbante 3 comprend une couche côté surface recto 7, une couche côté surface verso 11, et une couche intermédiaire 9 entre la couche côté surface recto 7 et la couche côté surface verso 11. La couche absorbante 3 comprend des électrodes 13. Les électrodes 13 possèdent une sensibilité plus élevée dans toute ou partie de la couche intermédiaire 9 que dans la couche côté surface recto 7 et la couche côté surface verso 11. En outre, la sensibilité des électrodes 13 peut être répartie de manière uniforme sur la totalité de la zone absorbante efficace de la couche absorbante 3, et la relation entre la quantité totale de la solution électrolytique et l'impédance des électrodes 13 peut être approchée de manière linéaire.
PCT/JP2020/027842 2019-07-19 2020-07-17 Dispositif de mesure et procédé de mesure WO2021015124A1 (fr)

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JP2019133997A JP7381004B2 (ja) 2019-07-19 2019-07-19 測定装置

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0675448U (ja) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-25 岩崎通信機株式会社 おむつ
JP2002055074A (ja) * 2000-05-29 2002-02-20 Mitsuru Fujiwara 尿検知スイッチ、及び、尿検知装置
JP2011075347A (ja) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-14 Awajitec:Kk 水分センサ
US20110319845A1 (en) * 2010-06-28 2011-12-29 At Box Technology Inc. Diaper structure with urine sensor
JP2013039158A (ja) * 2011-08-11 2013-02-28 Kao Corp 排尿検知装置
JP2019001355A (ja) * 2017-06-16 2019-01-10 アイシン精機株式会社 ドアモジュール

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0675448U (ja) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-25 岩崎通信機株式会社 おむつ
JP2002055074A (ja) * 2000-05-29 2002-02-20 Mitsuru Fujiwara 尿検知スイッチ、及び、尿検知装置
JP2011075347A (ja) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-14 Awajitec:Kk 水分センサ
US20110319845A1 (en) * 2010-06-28 2011-12-29 At Box Technology Inc. Diaper structure with urine sensor
JP2013039158A (ja) * 2011-08-11 2013-02-28 Kao Corp 排尿検知装置
JP2019001355A (ja) * 2017-06-16 2019-01-10 アイシン精機株式会社 ドアモジュール

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KAWASAKI, KOU: "Acquisition of urinary diffusion along the diaper absorption layer in order to estimate urine flow rate for infants and children", LECTURE PROCEEDINGS OF JSME ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND MECHATRONICS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 2018, pages 1P2-C04 *
TSUTUMI, KYOSUKE: "A Novel Uroflowmeter System Utilizing Diaper-Embedded Sensor for Impedance Pattern", PROCEEDINGS OF THE 30TH SENSOR SYMPOSIUM ON SENSORS, MICROMACHINES AND APPLICATION SYSTEMS OF IEEJ SENSORS AND MICROMACHINE SOCIETY 2013, vol. 25, no. 30, 29 October 2013 (2013-10-29), pages 1 - 6 *

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