WO2021010407A1 - 光ファイバセンシングシステム、光ファイバセンシング機器、及び配管劣化検知方法 - Google Patents

光ファイバセンシングシステム、光ファイバセンシング機器、及び配管劣化検知方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021010407A1
WO2021010407A1 PCT/JP2020/027424 JP2020027424W WO2021010407A1 WO 2021010407 A1 WO2021010407 A1 WO 2021010407A1 JP 2020027424 W JP2020027424 W JP 2020027424W WO 2021010407 A1 WO2021010407 A1 WO 2021010407A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
optical fiber
vibration
detected
determination unit
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2020/027424
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
幸英 依田
直人 小倉
義明 青野
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NEC Corp
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NEC Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by NEC Corp filed Critical NEC Corp
Priority to US17/626,209 priority Critical patent/US12092514B2/en
Priority to CN202080051026.2A priority patent/CN114127519A/zh
Priority to JP2021533083A priority patent/JPWO2021010407A1/ja
Priority to EP20839993.1A priority patent/EP4001863A4/en
Publication of WO2021010407A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021010407A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
    • F16L57/06—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
    • F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
    • F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
    • G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
    • G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0654—Imaging
    • G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an optical fiber sensing system, an optical fiber sensing device, and a piping deterioration detection method.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a plurality of locations on the surface of an external pipe in a high-temperature gas pipe composed of an internal pipe through which a high-temperature fluid flows, a heat insulating material layer covering the internal pipe, and an external pipe covering the heat insulating material layer.
  • a technique for detecting an abnormal situation caused by damage to a heat insulating material is disclosed from the measured temperature distribution data on the surface of an external pipe.
  • the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 detects an abnormal situation by using the temperature distribution on the surface of the external pipe covering the heat insulating material, so that the substance flowing through the pipe is hot and the pipe is insulated. This can only be done when materials are used. In other words, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it cannot be used when the substance flowing through the pipe is not at a high temperature or when the pipe does not use a heat insulating material.
  • an object of the present disclosure is an optical fiber sensing system, an optical fiber sensing device, and a pipe deterioration capable of solving the above-mentioned problems and detecting the state of the pipe without depending on the substance flowing through the pipe or the structure of the pipe.
  • the purpose is to provide a detection method.
  • the optical fiber sensing system is Optical fiber laid in the piping and A receiving unit that receives an optical signal on which vibrations detected by the optical fiber are superimposed from the optical fiber. A determination unit that extracts a vibration pattern of vibration detected by the optical fiber from the optical signal and determines a deterioration state of the pipe based on the extracted vibration pattern. To be equipped.
  • the optical fiber sensing device is A receiving unit that receives an optical signal on which vibrations detected by the optical fiber are superimposed from an optical fiber laid in a pipe.
  • a determination unit that extracts a vibration pattern of vibration detected by the optical fiber from the optical signal and determines a deterioration state of the pipe based on the extracted vibration pattern. To be equipped.
  • the piping deterioration detection method is Steps where the optical fiber laid in the piping detects vibration, A reception step of receiving an optical signal on which vibrations detected by the optical fiber are superimposed from the optical fiber, and A determination step of extracting a vibration pattern of vibration detected by the optical fiber from the optical signal and determining a deterioration state of the pipe based on the extracted vibration pattern. including.
  • an optical fiber sensing system an optical fiber sensing device, and a pipe deterioration detection method that can detect the state of the pipe without depending on the substance flowing through the pipe or the structure of the pipe. ..
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the configuration example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the other configuration example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the other configuration example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the other configuration example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a flow chart which shows the example of the machine learning executed by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the teacher data used for the machine learning executed by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the situation which elastic wave is generated by the corrosion of a pipe. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the vibration pattern extracted by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a flow chart which shows the operation example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the correspondence table which is stored by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 2.
  • It is a flow chart which shows the operation example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the correspondence table which is stored by the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 3. It is a figure which shows the example of the method of specifying the length of the optical fiber from the receiving part to the position where the vibration occurred in the determination part which concerns on Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. It is a flow chart which shows the operation example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 3. It is a flow chart which shows the other operation example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 3. It is a figure which shows the modification of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 3. It is a figure which shows the configuration example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the example of the GUI screen which the notification unit which concerns on Embodiment 4 uses for notification. It is a flow chart which shows the operation example of the optical fiber sensing system which concerns on Embodiment 4. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the example of the hardware composition of the computer which realizes the optical fiber sensing apparatus which concerns on embodiment.
  • the optical fiber sensing system includes an optical fiber 10 and an optical fiber sensing device 20. Further, the optical fiber sensing device 20 includes a receiving unit 21 and a determining unit 22.
  • the optical fiber 10 is laid in the pipe 30 and one end is connected to the optical fiber sensing device 20.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example in which the optical fiber 10 is passed through the inside of the pipe 30, but the method of laying the optical fiber 10 is not limited to this.
  • the optical fiber 10 may be wound around the pipe 30, or the inside or the outside of the pipe 30 may be laid along the pipe 30. Further, a sheet in which the optical fiber 10 is woven may be wound around the pipe 30. Further, the optical fiber 10 may be housed together with other cables in a box arranged inside or outside the pipe 30 along the pipe 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of laying the pipe 30 on the ground.
  • the pipe 30 is supported by pillars 31A to 31C (hereinafter, referred to as pillar 31 when the pillars 31A to 31C are not specified) and is laid on the ground.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example in which the pipe 30 is laid underground.
  • the pipe 30 includes a cable laid underground, a pipe for sewage, an air conditioning pipe laid on the ceiling, a pipe for a high-temperature fluid used in a plant, and the like. Applications are not limited to these applications.
  • the number of optical fibers 10 is not limited to one, and a plurality of optical fibers may be provided.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example in which two optical fibers 10 are laid in the pipe 30. In the example of FIG. 4, one end of each of the two optical fibers 10 is connected to the optical fiber sensing device 20, and the two optical fibers 10 extend in opposite directions.
  • the receiving unit 21 incidents pulsed light on the optical fiber 10. Further, the receiving unit 21 receives the reflected light or scattered light generated as the pulsed light is transmitted through the optical fiber 10 as return light (optical signal) via the optical fiber 10.
  • the vibration When vibration is generated in the pipe 30, the vibration is transmitted to the optical fiber 10 laid in the pipe 30 and superimposed on the return light transmitted by the optical fiber 10. Therefore, the optical fiber 10 can detect the vibration generated in the pipe 30.
  • the optical fiber 10 detects the vibration and superimposes it on the return light for transmission, and the receiving unit 21 receives the return light on which the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 is superposed. Will be done.
  • the vibration generated in the pipe 30 has a unique vibration pattern in which the strength of the vibration, the vibration position, the transition of the fluctuation of the frequency, and the like differ depending on the deterioration state of the pipe 30. Therefore, it is possible to determine the deteriorated state of the pipe 30 by analyzing the dynamic change of the vibration pattern of the vibration generated in the pipe 30.
  • the determination unit 22 extracts the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 from the return light received by the reception unit 21 from the optical fiber 10, and determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the extracted vibration pattern. To do. In other words, the determination unit 22 determines how much the pipe 30 has deteriorated.
  • the breakage of the pipe 30 means a state in which a substance flowing through the pipe 30 leaks (for example, a crack or the like), and the deterioration of the pipe 30 means a state in the middle of the breakage (for example, for example). It shall mean corrosion, wear, etc.).
  • the determination unit 22 stores in advance a vibration pattern when vibration is generated in the pipe 30 with the degree of deterioration for each degree of deterioration of the pipe 30 as a matching pattern.
  • the determination unit 22 compares the vibration pattern detected by the optical fiber 10 with the matching pattern stored in advance. When the vibration pattern detected by the optical fiber 10 matches any of the matching patterns stored in advance, the determination unit 22 determines that the pipe 30 has a degree of deterioration corresponding to the matched matching pattern.
  • the determination unit 22 may change the matching pattern according to the environment in which the pipe 30 is laid and the substance flowing through the pipe 30. For example, when the pipe 30 is laid outdoors, the determination unit 22 may use a vibration pattern of vibration generated by wind or rain as a matching pattern, or depending on a train or a car traveling on a surrounding road. The vibration pattern of the generated vibration may be used, or the vibration pattern of the vibration generated by the vibration of frequent construction work may be used.
  • the determination unit 22 may change the matching pattern depending on whether the substance flowing through the pipe 30 is a liquid, a gas, or a solid.
  • the determination unit 22 performs machine learning (for example, deep learning) of the vibration pattern according to the deterioration state of the pipe 30, and uses the learning result of the machine learning (initial learning model) to deteriorate the pipe 30. Judge the condition.
  • machine learning for example, deep learning
  • the determination unit 22 inputs the teacher data indicating the degree of deterioration of the pipe 30 and the vibration pattern of the vibration generated in the pipe 30 with the degree of deterioration and detected by the optical fiber 10 (step). S11, S12).
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of teacher data.
  • FIG. 6 is an example of teacher data when the three vibration patterns A, B, and C are trained.
  • the degree of deterioration of the normal pipe 30 is 0, and the larger the numerical value of the degree of deterioration, the more the deterioration progresses (the same applies to FIGS. 17 and 18 below).
  • the determination unit 22 matches and classifies the two (step S13), and performs supervised learning (step S14). As a result, an initial learning model is obtained (step S15).
  • This initial learning model is a model in which the degree of deterioration of the pipe 30 is output when the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 is input.
  • the determination unit 22 When determining the deterioration state of the pipe 30, the determination unit 22 inputs the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 into the initial learning model. As a result, the determination unit 22 obtains the degree of deterioration of the pipe 30 as the output result of the initial learning model.
  • the determination unit 22 may change the initial learning model according to the environment in which the pipe 30 is laid and the substance flowing through the pipe 30. Examples of the environment in which the pipe 30 is laid and the substance flowing through the pipe 30 are as described in the above-mentioned method A1.
  • FIG. 7 shows a vibration pattern of the vibration detected at a certain position on the optical fiber 10 when an artificial vibration is generated in the pipe 30, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents vibration intensity. It shows. 8 and 9 schematically show a vibration pattern as shown in FIG. 7, and the horizontal axis and the vertical axis of FIGS. 8 and 9 are the same as those in FIG. 7.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the length of the damping time in the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10.
  • frequency peaks of vibration intensity occur.
  • the frequency at which this frequency peak occurs differs depending on the deterioration state of the pipe 30. Specifically, in the vibration pattern of the deteriorated pipe 30, the frequency at which the frequency peak occurs shifts to the higher frequency side than the vibration pattern of the normal pipe 30.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the frequency at which the frequency peak occurs in the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10.
  • FIG. 12 shows a situation when the pipe 30 is corroded.
  • FIG. 13 shows the same vibration pattern as in FIGS. 10 and 11 when the pipe 30 is corroded.
  • the vibration caused by the elastic wave has different vibration characteristics from the vibration that is constantly generated due to the flow of a substance through the pipe 30 or the like. Specifically, the vibration that is constantly generated in the pipe 30 is generated in the low frequency band. On the other hand, the vibration caused by the elastic wave generated by the corrosion of the pipe 30 is generated in the high frequency band.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on whether or not the vibration due to the elastic wave is generated in the high frequency band in the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10. ..
  • vibration due to elastic waves generated by corrosion of the pipe 30 is generated.
  • the interval at which this vibration occurs varies depending on the degree of corrosion of the pipe 30. Specifically, in the vibration pattern of the pipe 30 in which the progress of corrosion is slight, the frequency of vibration due to elastic waves per unit time is low. On the other hand, in the vibration pattern of the pipe 30 in which the progress of corrosion is severe, the frequency of vibration due to elastic waves per unit time is high.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the frequency of occurrence of vibration due to elastic waves in the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10.
  • the optical fiber 10 detects the vibration generated in the pipe 30 (step S21).
  • the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 is superimposed on the return light transmitted through the optical fiber 10.
  • the receiving unit 21 receives from the optical fiber 10 the return light on which the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 is superimposed (step S22).
  • the determination unit 22 extracts the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 from the return light received by the reception unit 21, and determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the extracted vibration pattern (step). S23). This determination may be performed, for example, by using any of the above-mentioned methods A1 to A5.
  • the receiving unit 21 receives the return light on which the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 is superimposed from the optical fiber 10 laid in the pipe 30.
  • the determination unit 22 extracts the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10 from the return light, and determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the extracted vibration pattern.
  • the optical fiber 10 is laid in the pipe 30, and the substance flowing through the pipe 30 does not need to be at a high temperature as in Patent Document 1, and the pipe 30 does not need to be covered with a heat insulating material. Therefore, the deteriorated state of the pipe 30 can be detected without depending on the substance flowing through the pipe 30 or the structure of the pipe 30.
  • the optical fiber sensing system according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment described above, but extends the function of the determination unit 22.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10, and further detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30 based on the determined deterioration state of the pipe 30. ..
  • the determination unit 22 indicates, for each degree of deterioration of the pipe 30, a corresponding table showing the damage time, which is the time when the pipe 30 with the degree of deterioration is predicted to be damaged in the future. Is memorized in advance.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state (here, the degree of deterioration) of the pipe 30 by using any one of the above-mentioned methods A1 to A5, and determines the degree of deterioration of the pipe 30 and the corresponding table shown in FIG. Detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30 based on the above. For example, the determination unit 22 determines that the pipe 30 having a deterioration degree of 2 has a sign of damage and the damage time is two years later.
  • the determination unit 22 periodically (for example, every year) determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 by using any of the above-mentioned methods A1 to A5, and periodically determines the pipe. 30 deterioration states are stored. Then, the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30 based on a change of state of the pipe 30 over time.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining method B2. Note that FIG. 18 is an example in which the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 by using the method A5 described above, and shows the same vibration patterns as those in FIGS. 10 and 11 in time series. It is a thing.
  • the determination unit 22 periodically (here, every year) determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30.
  • the determination unit 22 determines that the pipe 30 was normal two years ago, but has a degree of deterioration of 1 one year ago and a degree of deterioration of two at present.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the vibration pattern one year later, the frequency at which the frequency peak occurs in the vibration pattern, and the frequency at which the frequency peak occurs, based on the changes over time in the vibration patterns of the pipe 30 two years ago, one year ago, and the current pipe 30. Predict. In the example of FIG. 18, as a result of prediction, the frequency at which the frequency peak occurs in the vibration pattern one year later is located on the high frequency side of the threshold value. Therefore, the determination unit 22 determines that the pipe 30 will be damaged after one year.
  • steps S31 to S33 similar to steps S21 to S23 shown in FIG. 16 are performed.
  • the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30 based on the deterioration state of the pipe 30 determined in step S33 (step S34). This detection may be performed using, for example, either method B1 or B2 described above.
  • the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30 based on the deterioration state of the pipe 30. As a result, before the pipe 30 is damaged and a problem such as leakage of a substance flowing through the pipe 30 occurs, a worker can be dispatched to repair the pipe 30 or the like. Other effects are the same as those in the first embodiment described above.
  • the optical fiber sensing system according to the third embodiment has the same configuration as that of the second embodiment described above, but further extends the function of the determination unit 22.
  • the determination unit 22 identifies the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected based on the return light received by the reception unit 21.
  • the determination unit 22 is based on the time difference between the time when the receiving unit 21 incidents the pulsed light on the optical fiber 10 and the time when the receiving unit 21 receives the return light on which the vibration is superimposed.
  • the length of the optical fiber 10 from the receiving unit 21 (optical fiber sensing device 20) to the position where the vibration is generated is specified. Let the length of the optical fiber 10 specified here be X [m].
  • a surplus may be generated as shown in FIG. Let the length of this surplus be Y [m]. It is assumed that the determination unit 22 has grasped the surplus length Y [m] in advance.
  • the determination unit 22 specifies the distance Z [m] from the reception unit 21 to the position where the vibration is generated by the following mathematical formula (1) using the above-mentioned X and Y.
  • Z [m] X [m] -Y [m] ... (1)
  • the determination unit 22 stores in advance a correspondence table in which the distance from the reception unit 21 and the location corresponding to the distance are associated with each other. This makes it possible to specify the position (location) where the vibration occurs.
  • FIG. 21 shows an example of a corresponding table in the case where the pipe 30 is supported by the pillar 31 and laid on the ground.
  • the distance from the receiving unit 21 and the identification information of the pillar 31 installed at the position corresponding to the distance are associated with each other. For example, when the distance Z [m] from the receiving unit 21 to the position where the vibration is generated is xx [m], the determination unit 22 determines that the place where the vibration is generated is the place where the pillar 31A is located. ..
  • the corresponding table in FIG. 21 was a table in which the distance from the receiving unit 21 and the identification information of the pillar 31 were associated with each other, but the identification information associated with the distance is not limited to the pillar 31 and identifies the location. Any information may be used, and for example, information for identifying an area may be used.
  • the determination unit 22 specifies the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected, the determination unit 22 specifies the position where the vibration of the vibration pattern used for detecting the sign of damage to the pipe 30 occurs as described above. Then, the determination unit 22 sets the specified position as the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected.
  • the determination unit 22 may specify the position where the sign of damage is detected when the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected.
  • the determination unit 22 specifies in advance the position where the vibration is generated when the receiving unit 21 receives the return light on which the vibration is superimposed, and then uses the vibration pattern of the vibration.
  • a position specified in advance may be set as a position where a sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected.
  • the method C2 is different from the method C1 in the method of specifying the length X [m] of the optical fiber 10 from the receiving unit 21 to the position where the vibration is generated, but is the same as the method C1 except for the method C1.
  • the determination unit 22 compares the intensity of the vibration detected at the position corresponding to the length of each length of the optical fiber 10 from the reception unit 21, and receives the light based on the comparison result.
  • the length X [m] of the optical fiber 10 from the portion 21 to the position where the vibration is generated is specified.
  • the determination unit 22 identifies the position where the vibration is generated according to the distribution of the vibration intensity.
  • the determination unit 22 specifies the length X [m] of the optical fiber 10 from the receiving unit 21 to the vicinity of the pillar 31A. ..
  • FIG. 23 is an example of specifying the position where the sign of breakage is detected at the time when the sign of breakage of the pipe 30 is detected.
  • steps S41 to S44 similar to steps S31 to S34 shown in FIG. 19 are performed.
  • the determination unit 22 subsequently detects a position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected based on the return light received by the receiving unit 21. Is specified (step S46). This identification may be performed by using, for example, either method C1 or C2 described above.
  • FIG. 24 shows, when the receiving unit 21 receives the return light on which the vibration is superimposed, the position where the vibration is generated is specified in advance, and the position specified in advance is the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected. This is an example of
  • steps S51 to S52 similar to steps S31 to S32 shown in FIG. 19 are performed.
  • the determination unit 22 identifies the position where the vibration superimposed on the return light is generated based on the return light received by the reception unit 21 (step S53). This identification may be performed by using, for example, either method C1 or C2 described above.
  • steps S54 to S55 similar to steps S33 to S34 shown in FIG. 19 are performed.
  • the determination unit 22 subsequently identifies the position specified in advance in step S53 as the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected. (Step S57).
  • the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30 based on the deterioration state of the pipe 30, and also based on the return light received by the receiving unit 21. The position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected is specified.
  • the determination unit 22 is detected at a plurality of points in the section on the optical fiber 10 in which the material of the pipe 30 is the same and the substance flowing through the pipe 30 is the same.
  • the vibration pattern of the vibration is extracted.
  • the determination unit 22 compares the vibration patterns detected at a plurality of points, and identifies the position where the deterioration has occurred or the position where there is a sign of damage based on the comparison result. For example, when the vibration pattern detected at some points is different from the vibration pattern detected at other points, the determination unit 22 deteriorates at some points where different vibration patterns are detected. It is judged that there is a sign of damage or there is a sign of damage. At this time, the determination unit 22 may determine whether or not the vibration pattern detected at some points is different from the vibration pattern detected at other points, for example, as follows. First, the determination unit 22 identifies the range of the normal vibration pattern based on the distribution, average, and the like of the vibration patterns detected at a plurality of points. Then, the determination unit 22 determines that, among the vibration patterns detected at the plurality of points, the vibration pattern outside the range of the normal vibration pattern is different from the vibration pattern detected at the other points.
  • the determination unit 22 extracts vibration patterns as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 as vibration patterns of vibrations detected at a plurality of points, and frequency peaks are generated between the vibration patterns. We are comparing the frequencies that occur. As a result, in the vibration pattern detected at the point X, the frequency at which the frequency peak occurs is shifted to the high frequency side as compared with the vibration pattern detected at another point in the section Y. Therefore, the determination unit 22 determines that deterioration has occurred at the point X or that there is a sign of damage.
  • the position of the point X may be specified by using, for example, either method C1 or C2 described above.
  • the optical fiber sensing system according to the fourth embodiment has an additional display unit 40 as compared with the configurations of the first to third embodiments described above, and the optical fiber sensing. The difference is that the notification unit 23 is added to the device 20.
  • the notification unit 23 When the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30, the notification unit 23 notifies an alert. At this time, the notification unit 23 may notify the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected.
  • the notification destination may be, for example, a monitoring system for monitoring the pipe 30, a monitoring terminal in a monitoring room for monitoring the pipe 30, or a user terminal.
  • the notification method may be, for example, a method of displaying a GUI (Graphical User Interface) screen on the display unit 40 of the display or monitor of the notification destination. Further, the notification method may be a method of outputting a message by voice from a speaker (not shown) of the notification destination.
  • the notification unit 23 may store the information indicating the position where the optical fiber 10 laid in the pipe 30 is laid and the map information in association with each other. Then, when the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30, the notification unit 23 may map and display the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected on the map displayed by the display unit 40. good.
  • FIG. 27 shows an example of a GUI screen that maps and displays the position where a sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected on a map. In the example of FIG. 27, the position where the optical fiber 10 is laid is mapped and displayed on the map, and the position X where a sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected is mapped and displayed. At this time, the notification unit 23 may display the current deterioration state of the position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected. The map shown in FIG. 27 can be enlarged or reduced as needed.
  • steps S61 to S66 similar to steps S41 to S46 in FIG. 23 are performed.
  • step S64 When the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30 in step S64 (Yes in step S65) and identifies a position where the sign of damage to the pipe 30 is detected (step S66), the notification unit 23 subsequently detects the sign of damage to the pipe 30. , Notify an alert (step S67).
  • This notification may be performed, for example, by using the GUI screen shown in FIG. 27 described above.
  • operation example shown in FIG. 28 is an example, and is not limited to this.
  • the operation example shown in FIG. 28 may be modified, for example, by adding step S67 shown in FIG. 28 to the operation example shown in FIG. 24.
  • the notification unit 23 notifies the alert only when it detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the notification unit 23 may notify an alert when the deterioration degree is equal to or higher than the threshold value as a result of determining the deterioration state of the pipe 30, and determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 regardless of the deterioration degree. You may notify.
  • the notification unit 23 maps and displays the position where the deterioration degree of the pipe 30 is equal to or higher than the threshold value and the position where the deterioration state of the pipe 30 is determined on the map displayed by the display unit 40. You may.
  • the notification unit 23 when the determination unit 22 detects a sign of damage to the pipe 30, the notification unit 23 notifies the alert. As a result, it is possible to notify the monitoring system, the monitoring room, or the like that monitors the pipe 30 that the sign of damage to the pipe 30 has been detected. Other effects are the same as those in the first embodiment described above.
  • the determination unit 22 determines the deterioration state of the pipe 30 based on the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10.
  • the determination unit 22 may determine the deterioration state of the piping 30 by further adding the piping information stored in advance for the piping 30.
  • the piping information includes, for example, the material and thickness of the piping 30, the type of substance flowing through the piping 30, the flow rate of the substance flowing through the piping 30, and the like. As a result, the determination accuracy can be improved.
  • the piping information for example, when the above-mentioned method A1 is used for determining the deterioration state of the piping 30, it is conceivable to change the matching pattern according to the piping information. Further, when the above-mentioned method A2 is used for determining the deteriorated state of the pipe 30, it is conceivable to change the learning model according to the pipe information.
  • the determination unit 22 may determine the type and flow rate of the substance flowing through the piping 30 in the above-mentioned piping information based on the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber 10.
  • the determination method a method of using pattern matching as in the above-mentioned method A1, a method of using a learning model as in the above-mentioned method A2, and the like can be considered.
  • the optical fiber 10 can detect not only vibration but also sound and temperature. Therefore, the determination unit 22 may determine the type of the substance flowing through the pipe 30 by using at least one of the vibration, the sound, and the temperature detected by the optical fiber 10.
  • the optical fiber sensing device 20 is provided with a plurality of components (reception unit 21, determination unit 22, and notification unit 23), but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the components provided in the optical fiber sensing device 20 are not limited to being provided in one device, and may be distributed in a plurality of devices.
  • the computer 50 includes a processor 501, a memory 502, a storage 503, an input / output interface (input / output I / F) 504, a communication interface (communication I / F) 505, and the like.
  • the processor 501, the memory 502, the storage 503, the input / output interface 504, and the communication interface 505 are connected by a data transmission line for transmitting and receiving data to and from each other.
  • the processor 501 is, for example, an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit).
  • the memory 502 is, for example, a memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) or a ROM (Read Only Memory).
  • the storage 503 is, for example, a storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a memory card. Further, the storage 503 may be a memory such as a RAM or a ROM.
  • the storage 503 stores a program that realizes the functions of the components (reception unit 21, determination unit 22, and notification unit 23) included in the optical fiber sensing device 20. By executing each of these programs, the processor 501 realizes the functions of the components included in the optical fiber sensing device 20.
  • the processor 501 may read these programs on the memory 502 and then execute the programs, or may execute the programs without reading them on the memory 502.
  • the memory 502 and the storage 503 also play a role of storing information and data held by the components included in the optical fiber sensing device 20.
  • Non-temporary computer-readable media include various types of tangible storage media.
  • Examples of non-temporary computer-readable media include magnetic recording media (eg, flexible disks, magnetic tapes, hard disk drives), opto-magnetic recording media (eg, opto-magnetic disks), CD-ROMs (Compact Disc-ROMs), CDs. -R (CD-Recordable), CD-R / W (CD-ReWritable), semiconductor memory (for example, mask ROM, PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable PROM), flash ROM, RAM.
  • the program also includes.
  • the computer-readable medium can supply the program to the computer via a wired communication path such as an electric wire and an optical fiber, or a wireless communication path.
  • the input / output interface 504 is connected to the display device 5041, the input device 5042, the sound output device 5043, and the like.
  • the display device 5041 is a device that displays a screen corresponding to drawing data processed by the processor 501, such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display, and a monitor.
  • the input device 5042 is a device that receives an operator's operation input, and is, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch sensor, and the like.
  • the display device 5041 and the input device 5042 may be integrated and realized as a touch panel.
  • the sound output device 5043 is a device such as a speaker that acoustically outputs sound corresponding to acoustic data processed by the processor 501.
  • the communication interface 505 sends and receives data to and from an external device.
  • the communication interface 505 communicates with an external device via a wired communication path or a wireless communication path.
  • Appendix 1 Optical fiber laid in the piping and A receiving unit that receives an optical signal on which vibrations detected by the optical fiber are superimposed from the optical fiber. A determination unit that extracts a vibration pattern of vibration detected by the optical fiber from the optical signal and determines a deterioration state of the pipe based on the extracted vibration pattern. An optical fiber sensing system. (Appendix 2) The determination unit detects a sign of damage to the pipe based on the deterioration state. The optical fiber sensing system according to Appendix 1.
  • the determination unit identifies a position where a sign of damage to the pipe is detected based on the optical signal.
  • the optical fiber sensing system according to Appendix 2. (Appendix 4) The determination unit extracts vibration patterns at a plurality of locations of the pipe from the optical signal and obtains vibration patterns. The deterioration state of at least one of the plurality of locations is determined based on the vibration patterns at the plurality of locations of the pipe.
  • the determination unit compares the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber with the matching pattern, and determines the deterioration state of the pipe based on the comparison result.
  • the determination unit changes the matching pattern according to the substance flowing through the pipe.
  • the optical fiber sensing system according to Appendix 5. (Appendix 7) When the determination unit detects a sign of damage to the pipe, a notification unit for notifying an alert is further provided.
  • the optical fiber sensing system according to Appendix 3. (Appendix 8) With an additional display When the determination unit detects a sign of damage to the pipe, the notification unit maps the position where the sign of damage to the pipe is detected and displays it on the display unit.
  • the optical fiber sensing system according to Appendix 7. A receiving unit that receives an optical signal on which vibrations detected by the optical fiber are superimposed from an optical fiber laid in a pipe.
  • a determination unit that extracts a vibration pattern of vibration detected by the optical fiber from the optical signal and determines a deterioration state of the pipe based on the extracted vibration pattern.
  • An optical fiber sensing device equipped with. (Appendix 10) The determination unit detects a sign of damage to the pipe based on the deterioration state.
  • the optical fiber sensing device according to Appendix 9. (Appendix 11) The determination unit identifies a position where a sign of damage to the pipe is detected based on the optical signal.
  • the determination unit extracts vibration patterns at a plurality of locations of the pipe from the optical signal and obtains vibration patterns.
  • the deterioration state of at least one of the plurality of locations is determined based on the vibration patterns at the plurality of locations of the pipe.
  • the optical fiber sensing device according to any one of Appendix 9 to 11.
  • the determination unit compares the vibration pattern of the vibration detected by the optical fiber with the matching pattern, and determines the deterioration state of the pipe based on the comparison result.
  • the determination unit changes the matching pattern according to the substance flowing through the pipe.
  • the optical fiber sensing device according to Appendix 13. (Appendix 15) When the determination unit detects a sign of damage to the pipe, a notification unit for notifying an alert is further provided.
  • the optical fiber sensing device according to Appendix 11.
  • the notification unit maps the position where the sign of damage to the pipe is detected and displays it on the display unit.
  • the optical fiber sensing device according to Appendix 15.

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EP20839993.1A EP4001863A4 (en) 2019-07-16 2020-07-15 FIBER OPTIC SENSING SYSTEM, FIBER OPTIC SENSING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING TUBE DEGRADATION

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