WO2021007642A1

WO2021007642A1 - Transport system

Info

Publication number: WO2021007642A1
Application number: PCT/BY2020/000006
Authority: WO
Inventors: Анатолий Эдуардович Юницкий
Original assignee: Анатолий Эдуардович Юницкий
Priority date: 2019-07-12
Filing date: 2020-07-10
Publication date: 2021-01-21
Also published as: EA201900412A1; EA037758B1; CN114390991A; EP3992049A4; EP3992049A1

Abstract

The proposed Yunitsky transport system relates to the field of transportation, and more particularly to rail transport systems having a string-type track structure. The invention can be used in the creation of single-rail and also multi-rail paths for allowing passenger and freight transport. The invention comprises at least one rail string (4) stretched above a base (1) and disposed in spans (2) between supports (3), said rail string including a load-bearing member (5) that comprises a longitudinally pretensioned load-bearing element (6) which is embedded to a given depth in a binding layer (7) of the load-bearing member and, mated with said binding layer (7), a loaded layer (8) having a running surface (К) for self-propelled mobile units (9). By virtue of the "unhoused" design of the load-bearing member (5), the present transport system permits a significant increase in the specific load bearing capacity of the rail structure, as well as a reduction in the cost of constructing a transport route due to reduced material and labour requirements.

Description

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Technology area

B The invention relates to the field of transport, in particular to rail transport systems with a string-type track structure. It can be used to create both single-rail, hook and multi-rail roads to ensure passenger and freight traffic in rough terrain, mountains, deserts, as well as in megalopolises and on sea sections of transport lines.

Prior art

Known overhead transport system, which contains a running track and a vehicle in the form of a body. The running track is made in the form of two rail tracks located on longitudinal beams mounted on 5 inner consoles of intermediate supports. The system is equipped with a propeller in the form of a bogie with an electric motor installed on it and a body on a pneumatic stabilizer [I]

The disadvantage of this transport system is the increased material consumption of its structure, due to the highly limited0 bearing capacity of the running track beams, as well as the complexity of transporting extended span structures to the installation site of the beams, the laboriousness of their installation in the field in difficult terrain and the limited possibilities of their application to cover large spans between adjacent intermediate and supports.

5 There is also known a guiding track containing two supporting and longitudinal elements connected by transverse elements, provided with side sheets connecting the supporting elements with a longitudinal element, which is also made of sheet, while one part of the transverse elements can be connected to the supporting elements, and the other part - with longitudinal and supporting elements [2].

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the known transport system has a bulky metal-consuming rail structure. track structure, which requires very small spans between the intermediate supports of the overpass to ensure its reliability. An increase in the spans between supports, despite the structural rigidity of rails of such a profile, leads (provided the reliability is maintained) to an excessive increase in the material consumption of the rail track structure and a decrease in its specific bearing capacity. At the same time, the conditions for the delivery and installation of structural elements to the destination (installation) are significantly complicated.

A transport system is known, consisting of a support monorail and a 'transport module, in which the support monorail is made evenly supported through modules - tetrahedrons on piles - sleepers in the ground and has starting slides and finishing anti-cuts, and its transport module is a platform with two cabins on four central double-flange wheels and four side support rollers, with auto-centering flywheels - gyros, with the possibility of installing a body - a cabin, a tank, a container, an onboard platform, a platform with stands for transportation of various goods. Or, with another embodiment of such a transport system, which consists of a suspended monorail and a transport module, and in which the suspended monorail is an I-beam suspended by guy wires along the edges of the tetrahedron modules to two longitudinal load-bearing ropes tightened by transverse ties and also has starting slides and finishing counter-slopes. In this case, the transport module is suspended [3].

The disadvantages of this technical solution are that the specified transport system has a low specific bearing capacity, if we understand it as the ratio of the weight of the payload to the dead weight of the structures of its track structure and, in this case, leads to a significant increase in the cost of such a transport system, as well as complexity on delivery to the place of installation and during installation in the field of elements of the running track of track structures and the limited possibilities of using the running track of the specified design: for overlapping large spans between adjacent intermediate supports. A common disadvantage of known transport systems is the low specific bearing capacity of their track structures, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of the entire transport system. which, as a rule, provide for the design of the track structure in the form of heavy and bulky beams of extended span structures, the delivery and installation of which in real field conditions in a complex landscape is a very time-consuming and costly technology.

In addition, the presence of joints in the rail track and the thermal deformation of the rails of these transport systems do not allow creating a "velvet" track for a vehicle, which means that it is impossible to achieve a high speed of movement and ensure high reliability of transportation on track structures of this type.

Further development of the structures of transport systems of suspended and overpass types was obtained with the development and creation of a transport system based on the Yunitskiy string track structure, which is based on the use of a rail with its power string-rod components pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction as the main structural elements.

Known transport system Yunitskiy, which includes at least one stretched over the base, in the span between the supports, a track structure in the form of a power body, enclosed in a housing with a rolling surface for the movement of wheeled vehicles mounted on the track structure [4]. In this device, the cross-sectional areas of the load-bearing member and the rail body with the rolling surface are optimized, as well as the tension forces of the track structure and the load-bearing member of this structure, the calculation of the height of the track structure sagging between adjacent supports and the height of the supports are justified.

However, the known transport system has excessive material consumption and, consequently, increased cost, as well as low manufacturability and, as a consequence, high labor intensity.

The Yunitskiy string transport system is also known, which includes at least one stretched over the base, in the span between anchor supports, a rail thread in the form of a power body, enclosed in a housing with a rolling surface for self-propelled mobile units. In this case, the power elements of the power body are interconnected and with the body into a monolith (throughout the volume) by means of a filler. Transitional track sections are made on the supports, and the rail thread in the span between the supports is made with a deflection arrow of a certain slope, and the transitional track section on the support is made with the same slope as the mating section of the suspended track section in the span between the supports [5].

The specified track structure has increased material consumption and labor intensity, and. hence, both increased cost and insufficient manufacturability.

Among the transport systems with a rail track structure, akin to overhead and overhead roads, the rail of the Yunitskiy transport system is known, which contains a hollow tubular body with an overhead head, inside which is a power body made of prestressed load-bearing elements, mainly wires and / or ropes distributed along the cross-section of the rail, and the walls of the body are made closed. There are various options for the distribution of ropes over the cross-section of the rails and the optimal ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the rail body and the ropes. In this case, the body is made in the form of a spiral covering the power organ, and the overhead head is fixed on the spiral turns. Moreover, the space between the body and the power: the organ is filled with filler [6]. The method of manufacturing such a rail of Yunitskiy track structures consists in the fact that a power element is formed from the power elements and used as a mandrel in the manufacture of the rail body, while the rail body is made and at the same time the power body is placed in it by laying on the surface of the power body an ordinary winding from high-strength wire or tape.

The transport system with such rail lines ensures high manufacturability of its manufacture, However, the material consumption of the specified track structure obtained by the described method is still excessive. The closest to the claimed technical essence and the achieved result is the Yunatsky transport system [7], which is taken as a prototype. It includes at least one rail thread stretched over the base in the spans between the supports in the form of a load-bearing organ, containing load-bearing elements pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction, embedded in the connecting layer of the load-bearing organ and enclosed in a hollow body with a rolling surface for the movement of wheel mounted on the track structure. self-propelled mobile units.

In the specified technical solution, the rail thread is provided with a hollow body, which is a shell for the power body. In this case, the hollow body is equipped with a rolling surface for wheeled self-propelled mobile units, and the power body, placed in the hollow body, is made in the form of power elements pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction, embedded in the connecting layer of the power body. The power organ with a hollow body in which it is placed are united by means of a bonding layer.

A transport system with a track structure of this type provides a high specific bearing capacity; however, the material consumption and manufacturability of the rail line structure remain not sufficiently optimized.

It seems appropriate to simplify the design of the rail thread.

The invention is based on the task of achieving the following technical goals;

- increase in the specific bearing capacity of the track structure;

- simplification of the processes of delivery of track structure components and their installation in real conditions;

- reduction of material consumption and labor intensity with an increase in manufacturability and production of the track structure.

Disclosure of invention

The achievement of technical goals is ensured by the entire set of distinctive features of the proposed transport system, namely by the fact that, according to the first embodiment of the invention, in the transport the Yunitskiy system, which is at least one rail thread pulled over the base in the spans between the supports in the form of a force organ containing a single end element prestressed in the longitudinal direction, monodized into the connecting layer of the force organ, and an associated load layer with a rolling surface for self-propelled mobile units, moreover, the power body is made without coring, and the loaded layer with a rolling surface is fixed directly on the connecting layer of the power body, while a single power element is made embedded in the connecting layer to a depth hi, m, - from the rolling surface and depth fa, m, - to its opposite face, determined from the relations:

0.2 <fa / Sj <2,

0, 1 <hs -Si <1,

where 5 _/ , m is the height of a single power element of the power body, while the ratio of the width A m, of the power body to its height H, m, is within:

2 <. / # <20,

and the width B, m, of a single power element is determined by the dependence:

0.5 <BiiA <Q 9

The specified result is also achieved by the fact that, according to the second embodiment of the invention, in the Yunatsky transport system, which is at least one rail thread stretched over the base in the spans between the supports in the form of a power body containing a package of at least two preliminary discrete load-bearing elements strained in the longitudinal direction, monolithic into the connecting layer of the power body, and the load-bearing layer with the rolling surface for self-propelled mobile units, and the power body is made frameless, and the loaded layer with the rolling surface is fixed directly on the connecting layer of the power body, when discrete load-bearing elements are embedded in the bonding layer to a depth hj, and, - from the rolling surface and depth fa, m, - to its opposite face, determined from the relations:

b 0.2 <h; iS ₂ <2,

0.1 <h ₂ iS2 <1,

where $ 2, m is the height of the discrete force element in the package of the force organ,

in this case, the ratio of the width L, m, of the power organ to its height H, m, is within:

2 <A H <2 ⁽ K

and the gap <5, m, between adjacent discrete power elements is determined by the dependence:

0 <d / $ 2 <5,

moreover, the total width D ?, m, of a package of discrete power elements, including gaps 0, m, between them, is determined by the dependence:

0.55 <B _g / A <0.99

The specified result is also achieved by the fact that, according to the third embodiment of the invention, in the Yunitskiy transport system, which is at least one rail thread stretched over the base in the spans between the supports in the form of a force organ containing load-bearing elements pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction , embedded in the bonding layer of the power element, and the loaded layer with the rolling surface for self-propelled moving units, and the power element is made without frame, and the loaded layer with the rolling surface is fixed directly on the connecting layer of the power element, while the power element is made in the form of a distributed by the height of the power element of a combination of one or more single power elements and / or one or several packages of discrete power elements embedded in the bonding layer to a depth / c, m. - from the rolling surface and depth ", m, - to its opposite face determined from the relations:

0.2 <hjSi <2,

OL <k ₂ / 3s <1. where S ₃ , m is the total height of single power elements and / sludge and one or more packages of discrete power elements, including the distance L, m. between them in the power body,

2 <l / / # <20,

and the distance L, m, between the levels of adjacent single power elements and / or one or more packages of discrete power elements does not exceed the height of the smallest power elements of the power element.

The achievement of the technical goal according to any of the three above-mentioned variants of the invention is also ensured by the fact that the bonding layer of the force organ can be made of a hardening material based on polymer bonding composites.

Achievement of technical tsad according to any of the three above-mentioned embodiments of the invention is also ensured by the fact that floor and ether ketone (PEEK), or polyurethane, or polyurea, or a combination thereof, are used as the polymer binder composite.

Achievement of the technical goal according to any of the three indicated embodiments of the invention is also ensured by the fact that the transverse profile of the load-bearing elements is made in the form of a circle and / or an ellipse and / or a square and / or a rhombus and / or a rectangle and / or a triangle , and / or a trapezoid and / or a large shank.

The achievement of the technical goal according to any of the three indicated embodiments of the invention is also ensured by the fact that the power elements are made in the form of wire and / or twisted or non-twisted ropes, cables, and / or strands, and / or threads, and / or rods and / or strips and / or tapes and / or pipes.

Corresponding to any of the three indicated options of the proposed technical solution, the implementation of the rail thread helps to increase both the specific bearing capacity of the track structure, as well as the manufacturability of the manufacturing process of the transport system as a whole.

Brief Description of Drawings The essence of the present invention is illustrated by means of the drawings of FIG. 1 to FIG. 13, which depict the following:

Fig L is a schematic view of the general view of the Yunitskiy transport system - front view;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail thread with a single load-bearing element in the form of a tape (version):

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail thread with a single load-bearing element with an elliptical profile (version);

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail thread with a package of discrete load-bearing elements of circular cross-section (version);

Fig.3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail thread with a package of discrete load-bearing elements in the form of cables (version); Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail thread with a package of discrete force elements of triangular section (version);

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail thread with a package of discrete load-bearing elements located with a minimum clearance (version);

Fig. 8 ··· is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a rail thread with a combined performance of a power element in the form of a single power element and a package of discrete power elements (version);

Fig, 9 is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a rail thread with a combined execution of the power element in the form of two packages of discrete power elements of square section (version); Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a rail thread with a combined execution of a power element in the form of two packages of discrete power elements in the form of cables (version);

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a cross-section of rail niches with a combined execution of a power element in the form of two packages of discrete power elements of different shapes (version); Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a rail thread with a combined execution of a power body in the form of three packages of discrete power elements of circular cross-section (version);

Fig. 13 is a schematic representation of a cross-section of a rail thread with a combined execution of a power element in the form of two single load-bearing elements separated by the height of the power element by a package of discrete load-bearing elements of circular cross-section (version).

Positions in the figures:

1 - base;

2 - span between supports;

3 - support of the transport system;

4 - rail thread;

5 - pre-stressed power organ;

6 - a package of discrete power elements of the power body;

6.1 - a single power element of a power body;

6.2 - discrete power elements of the power body;

7 - connecting layer of the power organ;

8 - · a loaded layer conjugated with a bonding layer;

9 - self-propelled mobile unit.

K - rolling surface;

A, m, is the width of the power organ;

B, m, is the width of a single power element of the power body;

В _> 2, m. Is the total width of the package of discrete power elements of the power body, taking into account the gaps between them;

H, m, is the height of the power organ;

d, m, is the width of the discrete power element;

h, m, is the depth of the bonding layer from the rolling surface to the level of the load-bearing elements;

kg, m, is the depth of the bonding layer from the level of the load-bearing elements to the edge of the load-bearing element opposite to the rolling surface;

Si, m, is the height of a single power element;

Zg, m, is the height of the discrete power element in the package; Si, m, is the total height of single power elements and / or one or more packages of discrete power elements, including the distance L, m, between them:

S _min , m, is the height of the smallest power elements that make up the power body;

L, m, is the distance between the levels of adjacent single power elements and / or one or more packages of discrete power elements;

S, m, is the gap between adjacent discrete load-bearing elements in the package.

Embodiments of the invention

We suggest that the transport system of Yuichsogo (see Fig. I) is at least one stretched over the base 1 in the spans 2 between the supports 3 rail thread 4 in the form of a load-bearing organ 5. containing at least one (see Fig. 2 - Fig. 13) a load-bearing element pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction.

Depending on the design solution, the power elements can be made single. 6.1. as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, or discrete 6.2, dialed into packet 6 (see fg. 4 and Fig. I)) and arranged in a line at the same level, as shown in fng. 4 - Fig. 7 ... In Fig.8 - Fig.13 shows the execution of the power body 5 in the form of a combination of one or more single 6.1 power elements and / and one or more packages 6 of discrete 6.2 power elements.

In this case, the rail thread 4 contains power elements (6.1 and / or 6.2), made monolithic in the bonding layer 7 of the power body 5 and the 8 loaded layer coupled with this bonding layer 7 with the rolling surface K for self-propelled mobile units 9.

Depending on the properties of the base 1, the place of installation and the set of functions, the supports 3 can have various designs - in the form of towers, columns with tops, steel and reinforced concrete columnar and frame buildings and structures equipped with passenger stations and / or cargo terminals, etc. functional structures or truss structures. The design of the supports 3 may vary depending on the place of their installation. In particular, the shape of the heads (not shown in the figures) with attachment devices for the power body 5. installed at turns of the track, on linear sections of the track, in the mountains or at the ends of the track, may be different, since the mentioned devices should be smoothly coupled with the suspended sections of the rail thread 4 in the spans 2 between the supports 3. In addition , the shape of the heads can also be determined by the fact that they are the location of passenger stations and / or cargo terminals, nodes for organizing interchanges (turnouts and turns) of the transport system. Supports 3 can be combined with buildings and construction structures (not shown in the figures).

Self-propelled mobile units 9 (passenger and / or cargo, and / or passenger-and-freight), which are part of the Yunitskiy transport system, can be performed both in a suspended version (suspended from below to the rail line 4 of the transport system on the wheels of the mobile unit 9), as shown in Fig. .1, or in a mounted version (mounted by the wheels of the movable unit 9 on the rail thread 4 of the transport system, not shown in the figures),

In accordance with any of the unlimited versions of the proposed transport system, one of its main elements that determine the essence of the proposed technical solution is the rail thread 4 of the track structure. The fundamental feature of the rail thread 4 according to the proposed technical solution is that it is made in the form of a power element 5, containing at least one pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction of the power element (6.1 and / or 6.2), embedded in the connecting layer 7 of this power body 5. and an associated loaded 8 layer with a rolling surface K for self-propelled mobile units 9 (see Fig. 2 - Fig. 13), and does not contain an additional housing in which this power element 5 would be located.

In this case, it is essential that the power body 5 is made without corus, and the loaded layer 8 with the rolling surface K merges with the connecting layer 7 of the power body 5 and is monolithically coupled with it. With such a design, the power body 5 with an associated rolling surface K does not have an additional shell in the form of a body, which is present in the prototype and analogues

The implementation in the proposed transport system of the track structure of an innovative modification - with a rail thread 4 in the form of a power body 5, which does not have a body in the form of a shell, allows, by reducing the mass and reducing the cross-sectional area of the rail thread 4, to achieve significant advantages over the known technical solutions. In particular, to provide an increase in the specific bearing capacity of the track structure with a decrease in material consumption and labor intensity while increasing the manufacturability of its manufacture, for example, due to the delivery to the installation site of the rail thread 4 of the proposed track structure of blanks of various types of load-bearing elements in the form of coils and / or rolls.

In accordance with any of the three versions of the proposed invention, as the load-bearing elements of the force element 5 of the rail thread 4, the cross-section of which is schematically shown in Fig. 2 - Fig. 13, load-bearing elements prestressed in the longitudinal direction, made in the form of wire and / or twisted or non-twisted ropes and / or strands and / or threads and / or rods and / or strips and / or tapes and / or pipes made of any strong materials, for example, fiberglass, or steel, which ensures the reliability, efficiency, economy and manufacturability of using such power elements.

The power elements, pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction and embedded in the bonding layer 7, form the power body 5 of the rail thread 4 e with a loaded 8 layer conjugated with it with a rolling surface K for self-propelled mobile units 9.

At the same time, in accordance with any of the unlimited applications, for any hectare of three variants of the Yuninki transport system, it is advisable to use a solidifying material as a binder 7 and a loaded 8 layers, for example, in the form of a composition based on polymer binder composites, and / or similar hardening a material that rigidly binds the corresponding load-bearing elements pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction into a single whole.

Depending on the design solution, according to any of the three embodiments of the present invention, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is the most preferred material for use as a hardening material. However, as the hardening material, polyurea and / or polyurethane and / or a combination thereof can be used. The use of the above materials will ensure high manufacturability of the track structure and the transport system as a whole, while ensuring the design wear resistance, strength and durability, as well as increased hardness with a low value of the friction coefficient on the rolling surface K of the rail thread 4 of the track structure.

One of the alternative versions of the hardening material is its execution with a closed-cell structure, which increases the specific bearing capacity of the rail thread 4 of the track structure.

As a result of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, according to any of the three variants of the proposed invention, in accordance with the totality of all its defining essential features, the formation of the track structure of the transport system in the form of a homogeneous power body 5 of the rail thread 4 and the rolling surface K associated with them is added to self-propelled mobile units 9, which ensures the perception, transmission and redistribution of high contact stresses to all the corresponding load-bearing elements of the force body 5 pre-stressed in the longitudinal directions, which largely allows increasing the strength and bending stiffness of the track structure, with a significant decrease in material consumption.

To ensure the optimization of the operational parameters of the rail thread 4, it is advisable that, according to any of the three variants of the proposed invention, the transverse profile of the load-bearing elements of its power element 5 is made, for example, in the form of a steep and / or an ellipse and / or a square, and / or rectangle and / or rhombus and / or triangle and / or trapezoid and / or polygon. The proposed Yunitskiy transport system according to the first embodiment of the invention is characterized by the fact. that a single 6 L power element of the force organ 5 is made mono-bonded into the connecting layer 7 (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).

At the same time, according to the first embodiment of the invention, the proposed Yunitskiy transport system is characterized by the fact that the width B and m, of its single 6 L power element is determined by the dependence

0.5 <D; / <0.99 (I)

If the ratio (1) is less than 0.5. then the required stiffness of the force member 5 in the transverse direction is not provided, which leads to increased wear of the rail thread 4 and a decrease in the efficiency of the transport system.

If the ratio (1) is greater than 0.99, then it becomes problematic to ensure the integrity of the power element 5 during operation of the transport system, and the probability of its stratification into fragments increases: a single 6 L power element with a loaded layer 8 and the connecting layer 7 that loses its connection from below. layer of the power body 5 (from the side of the face of the power body 5, opposite to the rolling surface K).

Depending on the design solution, a possible embodiment of the proposed transport system, according to the first embodiment of the invention, is the execution of a rail thread 4 with a single 6L load-bearing element, for example, in the form of a tape, which is shown in Fig. 2.

An alternative embodiment of the proposed transport system, according to the first embodiment of the invention, is the execution of a rail thread 4 with a single 6.1 force element of an elliptical section, which is shown in FIG. 3.

According to any of the first two indicated variants of the invention, the power elements (in the form of a single 6.1, or a package of 6 discrete 6.2} are monolithic in a tie layer 7 on a cudgel h, m, - from the rolling surface and the depth hi, m, - to its opposite face, determined from the ratio:

0.2 <} y / $! <2, (2)

0, 1 <h Si <1, (3)

0.2 <h! Si <2, (4) 0 Л <<L (5)

where Sn m is the height of a single 6.1 force element of the force element 5. a m, ... the height of a discrete 6.2 force element in the package 6 of the force element 5.

When the wheels of the self-propelled mobile unit 9 move along the rail line 4, the rolling surface K experiences pressure concentrated on a small area, leading to its deformation.

When monolithing power earths (single 6.1. Or a package of 6 discrete 6.2) into the connecting layer 7 to the depths indicated in relations (2) - (5), the rail thread 4 works under the wheel of the self-propelled mobile unit 9 as a rigid continuous beam. it is simple to ensure the transformation of large local pressures of the wheel of the self-propelled mobile unit 9 on the rolling surface K. into the range of permissible stresses of the load-bearing elements (single 6.1, or a package of 6 discrete 6.2) and rail thread 4 as a whole.

If the ratios (2) and (4) are less than 0.2, then the loaded layer 8 does not fully provide the function of the transfer element for the uniform redistribution of the pressures of local deformation waves moving along the rolling surface K under the influence of the load from the self-propelled mobile unit 9 on power elements (single 6.1, or per package 6 discrete 6.2). Accordingly, with a decrease in the values indicated in relations (2) and (4) below 0.2, the possibility of the impact of unacceptable local pressures on the rail thread 4 is not excluded.

If ratios (2) and (4) are greater than 2, then rail thread 4 will have insufficient hardness and rigidity of the rolling surface K.

If the ratios (3) and (5) are less than 0, 1, then the bonding layer 7 does not fully provide a reliable connection between the elements of the force body 5, which is necessary to preserve the integrity of the rail thread 4 and to solidify the force elements (single 6.1. Or package 6 discrete 6.2) of the power body 5 from below. If ratios (3) and (5) are greater than 1, then there is an unjustified increase in the thickness of the power body 5 from the bottom of the rail thread 4 and the overrun of the material of the binder layer 7.

According to any of the three indicated variants of the invention, the dimensions of the power body 5 are chosen so that the inequality for the ratio of the width A, m, of the power body 5 to its height H, m, is within;

2 <.-4 / # <20 (6)

If the ratio (6) is less than 2, then the rail thread 4 of the proposed transport system will have a low specific bearing capacity and strength.

If the ratio (6) is more than 20, then the rail thread 4 will have insufficient rigidity, including torsional rigidity, when the self-propelled mobile unit 9 passes through it.

It is clear for an industry specialist that the presented idea of the invention allows the use according to the first embodiment of the invention, a plurality of combinations of the types of the transverse profile of a single 6.1 force element due to the design solution, used in the formation of the force element 5 of the rail thread 4

The proposed Yunitskiy transport system according to the second embodiment of the invention is characterized by the fact that the power element 5 contains a package 6 of at least two pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction and monolithic with a binder 7 layer of discrete 6.2 power elements, width _< 7, m, of each of the power elements, placed as shown in FIG. 4 of Fig. 7, at the same level in a line - a straight line, or a curve (not shown in the figures).

In accordance with the design solution provided for the implementation of the proposed technical solution in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention, it is characteristic that the power body 5 is made in the form of a package 6 of. at least two discrete 6 2 power elements with a width d, m, each. In this case, the gap ₍ % m, between adjacent discrete 6.2 power elements is determined by the dependence;

0 <S / Sz <5, (?) If the ratio (7) is more than 5, then the significant thickness of the bonding layer 7 in the gap f m, between the adjacent discrete strength elements 6.2 will not provide the rail thread 4 with the required stiffness and bearing capacity.

Ratio (7) cannot be less than 0, since the gap cannot be negative (see Fig. 7).

According to the second embodiment of the invention, the total width g, m, of the package 6 prestressed in the longitudinal direction of the discrete 6.2 power elements of the power body 5, taking into account the gaps <5, m, between them (see Fig. 4 - Fig. 7) is determined by the dependence :

0.55 <B _{2 /} A <0.99 (8)

If the ratio (8) is less than 0.55, then the required stiffness in the transverse direction of the load-bearing element 5, made in the form of a package 6 of (at least two) discrete 6.2 load-bearing elements placed in a line, is not provided, which leads to increased wear of the rail thread 4 and a decrease in the efficiency of the transport system.

If the ratio (8) is greater than 0.99, then it becomes problematic to ensure the integrity of the power body 5 during the operation of the transport system with an increase in the probability of its stratification into fragments:

- discrete 6.2 power elements and the bonding layer 7 that loses its connection with the loaded layer 8 - on top

- discrete 6.2 power elements and the connecting layer 7 that loses connection with them - between discrete 6.2 power elements:

- discrete 6.2 power elements and the connecting layer 7 that loses connection with them - from below (from the side of the face of the power element 5, opposite to the rolling surface K).

An alternative according to the second embodiment of the invention is an embodiment of the rail string 4 with discrete 6.2 strength elements in the form of cables or ropes and a width cl m, each of the strength elements, packaged as shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 4, figs. 6 and FIG. 7 shows possible alternatives for the second embodiment of the invention of the rail thread 4 with packages 6 discrete 6.2 power elements having, respectively, circular and triangular sections and made with a width of d, m, each of the power elements. When choosing discrete 6.2 power elements of triangular cross-section, it is advisable to install them in the connecting layer 7 with a parallel arrangement of adjacent faces.

Variants of the rail thread 4 with packages 6 of discrete 6.2 power elements with sections in the form of a square, or a polygon, or other possible known shape, are similar to those given above and are not shown in the figures.

The proposed Yunitskiy transport system according to the third embodiment of the invention is characterized by the fact that the power body 5 is made in the form of a combination of one or more single 6.1 power elements and / or one or more packages distributed (at least in two levels) but the height of the power body 5 6 discrete 6,2 power elements, monolithic binder 7 with a layer (see Fig. 8 - Fig. 13).

According to the third embodiment of the invention, the power element 5, made of a combined one or more single 6.1 power elements and / or one or more packages 6 of discrete 6.2 power elements embedded in the connecting layer 7 to a depth hi, m, - from the rolling surface and a depth /? ?, m, - to its opposite face, determined from the relations:

0.2 <h> iS ₃ <2. (9)

0.1 <h ₂ iSi <1, PO)

where 5>, m is the total height of single power elements and / or one or more packages of discrete power elements, including the distance I, m, between them in the power body 5.

When such a power body 5 is monolithic into a binder 7 with a depth specified in relations (9) and (10), this power body 5 works under the wheel of a self-propelled mobile unit 9 as a rigid continuous beam.

If ratio (9) is less than 0.2, then the loaded layer 8 does not fully provide the function of the transfer element for the uniform redistribution of the pressure of local deformation waves, moving along the rolling surface K under the influence of the load from the self-propelled mobile unit 9, on the corresponding power elements. With a decrease in the value indicated in relation (9) below 0.2, the possibility of the effect of unacceptable local pressures on the power elements that form the combined power body 5 of the rail thread 4 is not excluded.

If the ratio (9) is greater than 2, then such a power element 5 will have insufficient hardness and rigidity of the rolling surface K of the rail thread 4.

If the ratio (10) is less than 0, 1, then the binder? the layer does not fully ensure the homogenization of the power element 5 from below and a reliable connection between the power elements included in its composition, which is necessary to maintain the integrity of the rail thread 4.

If the ratio (10) is greater than 1, then there is an unjustified increase in the thickness of the power body 5 from the bottom of the rail thread 4 and the overrun of the material of the binder layer 7.

According to a third embodiment of the invention, the distance I _·, m, between adjacent layers of single 6.1 power elements should not exceed the smallest height

, m, of the power elements that make up the combined power body 5. Otherwise, the rigidity of such power body 5 and rail thread 4 is lost, which is unacceptable.

If the above-mentioned in the third embodiment of the invention the range of distance L, m, between adjacent levels of power elements (single 6.1 and / or in the form of packs 6 of discrete 6.2 power elements) is observed, an increase in the bearing capacity of the rail thread 4 is provided.

Figures 8 - 13 show examples of cross-sections of the rail thread 4 in various alternative versions of the combined execution of the power element 5. These figures show alternative versions of the power element 5, in which the power elements constituting it are located in two and three levels at different combinations of the form of the used power elements. It is clear for an industry specialist that the presented idea of the invention allows the use of any of the three indicated variants of the invention, a plurality of combinations of the cross-sectional profile types of the load-bearing member 5 of the rail thread 4 due to the design solution, depending on the shape and combination of the load-bearing elements contained therein.

According to any of the three indicated variants of the invention, with any versions of the practical design and location of the power elements of the power element 5 as a whole in accordance with the proposed technical solution, the required economy of materials, an increase in the manufacturability and stability of the rail inti 4 throughout the entire length of the transport system is achieved.

Industrial applicability

Taking into account all possible of the known alternative and not excluding combinations, including the above options and parameters of the performance of the power elements (6.1 and 6.2) and the connecting layer 7 of the power body 5 of the rail line 4, there are many possible examples of the implementation of the claimed transport system of Yunitskiy, which, in the general case, it is envisaged to install on the base 1, directly along the route relief, supports 3 with spans 2 in accordance with the design solution (see Fig,!}. At least one rail thread 4 stretched over the base 1 is fixed on the supports 3 In this case, the rail thread 4 is made in the form of a load-bearing body 5 with a load-bearing layer 8 applied to it with a rolling surface K. Power body 5, in turn, is made of one or more power elements (6.1 and / or 6.2). way and which are pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction by tensioning and fastening between the supports 3.and covering with a suitable tie we will add 7. It is advisable, to increase the manufacturability, efficiency and productivity of the process of forming the track structure of the proposed transport system, the process of forming the power body 5 of the rail pit 4, to carry out a special automatic assembly complex (not shown in the figures), simulating, in the course of its work, the weight load created self-propelled mobile unit 9 and carrying out continuous application, in accordance with the design solution, binder 7 and loaded 8 layers of hardening material, for example, in the form of a composition based on polymer binder composites, for example, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and / or polyurea, and / or polyurethane, and / sludge their combinations. In this case, the power elements are monodized at a certain depth into the connecting layer 7 with the layer of this power body 5 and the layer 9 connected with it loaded with a self-propelled mobile unit 9 with a rolling surface K.

At the same time, it is important that the power body 5 is made frameless due to the curing of the binder 7 and the loaded 8 layers, the last of which is equipped with a rolling surface K.

By this technical solution, the required result is achieved by reducing the material consumption of the proposed rail thread 4 in comparison with the known technical solutions, while the implementation of the rail thread 4 with the design proposed in this technical solution provides the required strength of the track structure, since the main contribution to the perception of the power load of the rail the thread 4 from the movable units 9 belongs to its power body 5. In addition, it becomes possible to assemble the rail thread 4 in the field using high-tech equipment delivered directly to the installation site of the transport system. In this case, component materials (for example, wire, or tape) can be delivered to the place of installation of the transport system in compact form - in the form of rolls, which helps to reduce the consumption of materials, labor intensity, transport costs, the cost of manufacturing and installing the track structure while increasing the manufacturability of such a transport systems.

Optimized as a result of the empirical studies carried out, the geometric parameters of the power element 5 and the characteristics of the connecting layer 7 and the power elements forming it (6.1 and / or 6.2), for various versions of the proposed Yunitskiy transport system, make it possible to create a rail thread 4 of the transport system with specified operational parameters and to provide an increase in the specific bearing capacity of the track structure. The proposed Yunitskiy transport system can be implemented in the field at lower costs in relation to known track structures and is high-tech.

The process flow diagram presented above in a simplified form illustrates one of the possible options for manufacturing the Yunitskiy transport system according to the proposed technical solution.

The transport system of Yunitskiy of the described design operates as follows.

When the wheels of the self-propelled mobile unit 9 move along the rail niches 4, the latter, with its rolling surface K, experiences and perceives pressure concentrated on a small area, leading to its deformation. A deformation wave moving together with the wheels of a self-propelled mobile unit 9, through a hardening material, for example, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and / or polyurea, and / or polyurethane, loaded 8 and binder 7 layers of the force body 5, is transferred to the load-bearing element stretched on the supports 3. In this case, the power element 5 does not work as a flexible rope, but as a rigid continuous beam.

Due to such a transformation of large local pressures from the wheels of the self-propelled mobile unit 9, the structural elements of the load-bearing organ 5 of the rail line 4 do not experience extreme pressures and, therefore, the bearing capacity of the track structure of the Yun and tskoy trunking system remains unchanged in time.

The transport system of Yunitskiy of the described design, thanks to the "frameless" design of the power body 5, with high manufacturability and lower cost of components for its manufacture, allows to significantly increase the specific bearing capacity of the track structure, as well as to reduce the cost of building a transport highway, including by reducing material consumption and labor intensity while increasing the manufacturability of its manufacture and simplifying the delivery of components and their installation in real conditions. Information sources

1. Patent RU Ns 2464188, MGZh V61V 3/02, publ. 10/20/2012 (analogue).

2. RU patent? 2179124, IPC В61 В 13/00, publ. 02/10/2002 (analogue).

3. Patent RIJ 2374102, IPC В61В 3/02, publ, 27.1 1.2009 (analogue).

4. Patent RU

2475387, IPC В61В 3/00, publ. 02/20/2013 (analogue).

5. Patent RU Yes 2325293, IPC В61В 3/02, publ. 05/27/2008 (analogue).

6. Patent RU s 2204639, IPC E01B 5/08, 25/00, B61V 3/02, 5/00, 13/04. publ. 05/20/2003 (analogue).

7. Patent RU Kch 2080268, IPC В61В 5/02, В61В 13/00, Е01В 25/22. publ. 27.05.1997 (prototype),

Claims

Claim

1. The transport system, which is at least one stretched over the base in the spans between the supports, a rail thread in the form of a power body containing a single power element prestressed in the longitudinal direction, embedded in the connecting layer of the power body, and an associated loaded a layer with a rolling surface for self-propelled mobile units, moreover, the power element is made without corus, and the loaded layer e with the rolling surface is fixed directly on the connecting layer of the power body, while a single power element is made monolithic into the connecting layer by depth d /, m, - from rolling surface and depth /? , m, - to its opposite face, determined from the relations.

0.2 <ki / Si <2, 0.1 <hs / S ^; <1, where S, m is the height of a single power element of the power body, while the ratio of the width, 4, m, of the power body to its height R, m, is within:

2 </ tf <20,

and the width B _/ , m, of a single power element is determined by the dependence:

0.5 <V _? / A <0.99

2. The transport system, which is at least one stretched over the base in the spans between the supports, a rail thread in the form of a power body containing a package of at least two pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction discrete power elements, the layer of the power body, and an associated loaded layer with a rolling surface for self-propelled mobile units, moreover, the power body is made of frameless, and the loaded layer with the rolling surface is fixed directly on the connecting layer of the power body, while discrete power elements are frozen into the connecting a layer to a depth of k ;, m, - from the rolling surface and a depth of kg, m, - to its opposite face, determined from the ratios;

0.2 </ g- / 5g <2.

0, 1 <h S ₂ k where S2, m is the height of the discrete power element in the package of the power body, while the ratio of the width A, m, of the power body to its height H, m, is within:

2 <A / H <20,

and the gap _< 5, m, between adjacent discrete power elements is determined by the dependence:

О <S / Ss <5. and: total width

m, a package of discrete power elements, including the gaps S, m, between them, is determined by the dependence:

0-55 У В ₂ / А <0.99 3, The transport system, which is at least one stretched over the base in the spans between the supports, a rail thread in the form of a load-bearing organ containing load-bearing elements pre-stressed in the longitudinal direction, monolithic into the connecting layer of the power body, and the associated load layer with the rolling surface for self-propelled mobile units, moreover, the power body is made without corus, and the loaded layer with the rolling surface is fixed directly on the connecting layer of the power body, while the power body is made in the form of a distributed height power element of a combination of one or more single power elements and / or one or more packages of discrete power elements embedded in a bonding layer to a depth hi, m, - from the rolling surface and depth / g, m, - to its opposite face, determined from ratios:

0.2 </ g _/ / 5 _? <2,

0, 1 <h ₂ / S3 <1, where S3, m is the total height of single power elements and / or one or several packages of discrete power elements, including the distance L, m, between them in the power body,

while the ratio of the width A, m, of the power organ to its height I, m is within:

2 <A / H <2 ⁽ 1

and the distance I, m, between the levels of adjacent single power elements and / or one or more packages of discrete power elements does not exceed the height of the smallest power elements of the power element.

4. Transport system according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the bonding layer of the force organ is made of a hardening material based on polymer bonding composites.

5. Transport system according to claim 4, characterized in that polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polyurethane, or polyurea, or their combination is used as the polymer binder composite.

6. The transport system according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the transverse profile of the load-bearing elements is made in the form of a circle and / or an ellipse and / or a square and / or a rectangle and / or a rhombus and / or a triangle and / or a trapezoid, and / or polygon,

7. Transport system according to any of the paragraphs. 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the power elements are made in the form of wire and / or twisted or non-twisted ropes, cables, and / or strands, or threads, and / shsh rods, and / or strips, and / or tapes, and / or pipes.