WO2021004367A1 - Electric field generation apparatus and use thereof, and method for anesthetizing living body using same - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric field generation apparatus (100) capable of anesthetizing a living body (1) and the use thereof, and a method for anesthetizing a living body (1) using same. The electric field generation apparatus (100) comprises: two electrodes (10, 20) for forming an electric field, wherein the electric field covers a part, to be anesthetized, of a living body (1) to realize anesthetization.

Description

Electric field generating device and its use and method for applying it to anesthetize living body Technical field

The invention relates to an electric field generating device capable of anesthetizing a living body, its use and a method for applying the same to anesthetizing a living body.

Background technique

The original intention of anesthesia is to use drugs or other methods to make the person's whole body or part of the body temporarily lose consciousness in order to achieve the goal of painlessness.

Since ancient times, medical seniors have tried to find painless methods for surgery. For example, freezing anesthesia and vascular/nerve compression techniques are used to achieve local sensory loss and make the person unconscious and then undergo surgery, but the effect is unreliable and lack of safety considerations.

Ancient Egypt, India, Greece and other countries once used marijuana, opium alcohol, mandala and other analgesics. With the help of these drugs, they can cause long-term sleep or coma, but it is not easy to control the dosage, and it is easy to cause excessive poisoning; China’s great medical scientist Hua Tuo invented "Ma Fei San", according to the "Hua Tuo Biography": "The disease is in the body, and the acupuncture and medicine can not be reached, but the order is to take Ma Fei San with alcohol first, which is drunk. I don’t feel anything, because it cuts through the abdomen, it accumulates; if it’s in the stomach, it will be cut off and washed to remove the disease, and then sutured, put on the god ointment, 4 or 5 days, the healing will be restored in January." . This is the earliest record of the use of anesthetics in the history of medicine in the world, but these are not anesthetics in the modern sense.

The history of modern anesthesiology began in 1846, when the American doctor Morton publicly demonstrated the use of ether for general anesthesia in Boston, and achieved great success. From 1846 to 1956, ether ruled the anesthesia industry for 110 years. Although three shortcomings of inhaling ether have been found: 1. Easy to burn and explode, 2. Toxic effect, 3. Inhibition of breathing and circulation.

Up to now, isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane have come out one after another, which speeds up the induction of anesthesia, wakes up quickly, and increases safety. They have become common inhalation anesthetics for clinical anesthesia. With the advancement of anesthesia methods and detection technology, the coordinated application of various auxiliary drugs can accurately grasp the dosage and concentration of anesthetics, which greatly improves the accuracy and safety of anesthesia. After the discovery of general anesthetics, due to clinical needs, scientists began to look for local anesthetics that did not lose consciousness but made local sensations disappear. In 1884, Dr. Koehler; in 1892, German physician Schleich started local anesthesia by subcutaneous injection of cocaine; in 1905, Braun discovered that the use of adrenaline could enhance the anesthesia effect of cocaine and reduce the toxicity, and made novcaine. The invention of various chemical anesthetics and the improvement of anesthesia methods. Makes the surgical operation increasingly perfect.

Any high-level surgery is inseparable from anesthesia. Without the painless and quiet state of the client, any operation is empty talk. Anesthesia can generally be divided into local anesthesia and general anesthesia.

General anesthetics are mainly inhaled through the respiratory tract or injected into the human body, and quickly spread to the brain through blood circulation, causing central nerve paralysis. At this time, the patient loses consciousness and achieves the effect of general anesthesia. The main risk of this approach is to inhibit brain function, which may affect the respiratory system and circulatory system, causing hypoxia, and in severe cases, the heart stops. Local anesthesia is the application of local anesthetics to a certain part of the patient that needs surgery to block the conduction of local nerves in that part. During the operation, the painful stimulus will no longer be transmitted to the brain, achieving the effect of suppressing surgical pain. This method of anesthesia works locally, but due to its high toxicity, it may also cause breathing and heartbeat to stop.

It is not difficult to see from the above that the clinical anesthesia risk is mainly reflected in the inhibition of the circulatory system and respiratory system. The more serious situation may lead to death, but the incidence of this risk is extremely low. As long as the patient can accurately inform the doctor that he has other diseases and cannot tolerate or is unwilling to receive general anesthesia during the actual clinical treatment process, the medical staff will also take the patient’s opinion and situation as one of the criteria for selecting anesthesia methods, as far as possible Perform local anesthesia. For some patients, if the condition is relatively mild, only minor surgery for a short period of time is required, and local anesthesia can also be used if the patient is willing to undergo local anesthesia.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides an electric field generating device capable of anesthetizing a living body, its use, and a method for applying the same to anesthetize the living body.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An object of the present invention is to provide an electric field generating device for anesthetizing a living body, which is characterized by comprising: two poles for forming an electric field, wherein the electric field covers a part of the living body to be anesthetized to achieve anesthesia.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention, one of the two poles is a contact electrode which is in contact with the living body, and the other electrode covers the anesthesia electrode near the part to be anesthetized of the living body, and only the contact electrode is in contact with the living body.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention, there are multiple anesthesia electrodes.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention, the arrangement of the multiple anesthesia electrodes is selected from a lattice arrangement, which is a 2 ^m lattice, where m is a non-zero natural number.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention, the bottom of each anesthesia electrode is coated with an insulating material or is made of insulating material to prevent mutual interference between adjacent anesthesia electrodes.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention, the working voltage range of the electric field is 1-1000V, and the working distance of the electric field is 0.1-100 cm.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention: wherein the working distance is any one of 0.1 cm and 10 cm.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention, the electric field generating device further includes a power supply.

In an example of the electric field generating device of the present invention, the electric field generating device further includes a regulating unit for regulating the electric field intensity of the electric field.

The present invention also provides a use of an electric field generating device to allow a substance to be penetrated into a target object, wherein the electric field generating device is the above-mentioned electric field generating device.

The present invention also provides a method for anesthetizing a living body, using an electric field generated by an electric field generating device to anesthetize the living body, wherein the electric field generating device is the above-mentioned electric field generating device.

In an example of the method of the present invention, the method includes the following steps: step 1, contacting the contact electrode in the electric field generating device with the living body; step 2, allowing the electric field generated by the contact electrode and the anesthetic electrode in the electric field generating device to cover the living body The area to be anesthetized to achieve anesthesia.

In an example of the method of the present invention, there are multiple anesthesia electrodes.

In an example of the method of the present invention, the arrangement of the multiple anesthesia electrodes is selected from a lattice arrangement, which is a 2 ^m lattice, where m is a non-zero natural number.

In an example of the method of the present invention, the bottom of each anesthesia electrode is coated with an insulating material or is made of insulating material to prevent mutual interference between adjacent anesthesia electrodes.

In an example of the method of the present invention, the working voltage range of the electric field is 1-1000V, and the working distance of the electric field is 0.1-100cm.

In an example of the method of the present invention, the working distance is any one of 0.1 cm and 10 cm.

In an example of the method of the present invention, the electric field generating device further includes a power supply.

In an example of the method of the present invention: wherein the electric field generating device further includes a regulating unit for regulating the electric field intensity of the electric field.

The electric field generating device provided by the present invention, its use, and the method for making the substance to be transdermal enter the target object have been verified by experiments. The electric field can realize the anesthesia of the living body. By covering the electric field to the part of the living body to be anesthetized, it breaks through the stratum corneum and The capillaries regulate and shield the transmission of painful nerve signals at the target site (the site to be anesthetized) to achieve the function of non-invasive local anesthesia. By adjusting the output power (voltage, distance) of the electric field, a low-intensity and selective electric field for shielding pain nerves is produced, which has stronger applicability, no dead angle in 360°, better effect, and higher safety performance; use of electric field Permeable anesthesia technology is a technique that does not use any drug assistance, but only uses electric field to intervene or shield the signal feedback from the pain sensory nerves in the peripheral part of the person’s disease to the nerve center. Compared with the clinical mode of general anesthesia or local anesthesia with anesthetics, There is no need to worry about adverse reactions caused by the tolerance and toxicity of anesthetics. The use process is painless, can be repeated, and does not require professional training. It is a convenient method of anesthesia accepted by the client, especially suitable for local anesthesia.

Moreover, in the electric field device provided by the present invention, since one of the two poles is a contact electrode and the other is an anesthesia electrode to form an electric field, and because only the contact electrode is in contact with the living body, the contact electrode is in contact with the living body to form an equipotential, compared to other forms The electric field (both poles that generate the electric field are in contact with the living body or neither touch the living body), it is easier to locate the anesthesia site, and it is safer and more reliable.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an electric field generating device related to embodiment 1;

2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of anesthesia electrodes of the electric field generating device related to Embodiment 1. FIG.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used can be obtained from commercial sources.

Example

The following embodiments are intended to specifically illustrate the electric field generating device and its use according to the present invention and the method of applying it to anesthetize a living body.

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an electric field generating device according to an embodiment.

The living body in Figure 1 only shows part.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electric field generating device 100 provided in this embodiment is used to anesthetize a living body, especially for local anesthesia of the living body 1. The electric field generating device 100 includes two poles 10 and 20 for forming an electric field. That is, one of them serves as a cathode and one serves as an anode, and the electric field generated by the two poles covers the area to be anesthetized to achieve anesthesia. In this embodiment, one of the two poles is the contact electrode 10 that is in contact with the living body, and the other electrode covers the anesthesia electrode 20 near the part to be anesthetized in the living body. Among them, only the contact electrode 10 is in contact with the living body to form an equipotential. 20 is not in contact with the living body, and by adjusting the position of the anesthesia electrode 20, the electric field covers the part to be anesthetized in the living body to achieve anesthesia. In addition, in the contact electrode 10 and the anesthesia electrode 20, according to the actual situation, one of them is determined to be positive or negative, and the corresponding other is negative or positive. In addition, the contact electrode 10 can also be grounded, which is safer than other forms of electric fields.

By adjusting the intensity of the electric field and the distance of action to achieve the effect of shielding the pain sensory nerves, the purpose of anesthesia can be achieved. In this embodiment, the working voltage range of the electric field is 1-1000V, and the working distance of the electric field is 0.1-100cm. Therefore, the electric field intensity received by the living body will not be too large to cause damage to the living body, nor will the electric field intensity received by the living body be too small to achieve the purpose of anesthesia. The voltage of the electric field is preferably 1V, 3V, 10V, 30V, 100V, 300V And one of 1000V; working distance is either 0.1cm or 10cm. The working distance here refers to the distance from the anesthesia electrode 20 to the part to be anesthetized.

In this embodiment, there are multiple anesthesia electrodes 20, which facilitates the positioning of the electric field to the part to be anesthetized.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first pole arrangement of the spatial electric field generating device according to the embodiment.

As shown in Figure 2, the arrangement of the multiple anesthesia electrodes 20 is selected from a lattice arrangement, which is a 2 ^m lattice, where m is a non-zero natural number, specifically 64 lattices, 4096 lattices, 16777216 lattices, etc. as shown in picture 2. The density of the lattice depends on the accuracy of the electric field. Using precise electric field to improve the efficiency of the basal layer of the skin and reduce the effect on normal tissues. However, limited by the size of the output electric field power supply, the lattice is dense and the power supply is bulky. Among them, any one or more meridians from a\b\c to xx, and any one or more wefts from 1\2\3 to nn activate one or more lattice anesthesia electrodes 20, where activation means finger connection Power on. The activated anesthesia electrode 20 and the contact electrode 10 constitute an applied electric field, and the electric field coverage is determined by the activated lattice electrode. This range can come from the digital signal of medical diagnostic imaging. It is confirmed that this electric field range can accurately act on nerve cells and reduce the impact on other tissues. Generally, a 64 dot matrix can only distinguish 64 electric field positions, a 4096 dot matrix can distinguish 4096 electric field positions, and a 16777216 dot matrix can distinguish 16,777216 electric field positions. The effect of this dot matrix is relatively accurate, and the impact on the surrounding normal tissues is small. It can be adjusted according to the medical diagnostic image obtained each time to correspond to the lattice of the medical diagnostic image, so that the position to be acted on (the part to be anesthetized) can be quickly and accurately located. Figure 1 illustrates the positions of several anesthesia electrodes 20 positioned to the site to be anesthetized, namely: nx, c3 and a1.

In this embodiment, the electric field generating device 100 further includes: a power supply 30 and a control unit.

The power supply 30 is used to provide electric energy to the electric field generating device 100, the voltage is adjustable 1V-1000V, and the current output is adjustable 0.001mA-1mA.

The control unit is used to adjust and control the performance of the electric field. The parameters related to the electric field performance mainly include one or more of electric field type, electric field direction, electric field strength, voltage, current, voltage waveform, frequency, and power frequency, waveform, and amplitude. Essentially, the performance of the electric field is confirmed by the area to be anesthetized and the electric field strength.

The regulating unit can regulate the generation of the first signal and the second signal. The first signal is used to generate the electric field direction signal for local anesthesia, and the relative direction of the electric field is controlled to be the direction of the site to be anesthetized; the second signal is used to generate the electric field to promote the formation of the electric field.

In addition, in one embodiment, the first signal controls the electrode polarity to be opposite, and the second signal adjusts the anesthesia electrode 20 to generate an electric field strength of 1V/cm to 1000V/cm.

The electric field generating device 100 according to this embodiment can be applied to anesthetize a living body.

In addition, the bottom of the anesthesia electrode 20 may also be coated with insulating material or made of insulating material to prevent mutual interference between adjacent anesthesia electrodes 20.

Based on the above, this embodiment also provides a method for anesthetizing a living body, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1. Contact the contact electrode 10 in the electric field generating device 100 with a living body;

Step 2: Let the electric field generated by the contact electrode 10 and the anesthesia electrode in the electric field generating device 100 cover the part to be anesthetized in the living body to achieve anesthesia.

Test example

In this experiment, the standards for the degree of anesthesia in small animal experiments are as follows:

A. Shallow anesthesia: The time from the start of electric field anesthesia or the injection of the positive control drug until it naturally falls to the ground and lies on the ground is more than 10 minutes. The animal’s breathing, heart rate, and body temperature decreased slightly, needles pierced the animal’s head, neck, trunk, and the upper limbs of the animal’s pain loss, and the eyelid reflexes were sensitive.

B. Moderate anesthesia: The time from the start of electric field anesthesia or the time when the positive control injects the drugs naturally falls to the ground and lies on the ground within 5-10 minutes. Animal breathing rate is 10-20 times/min, heart rate is more than 50 times, body temperature is lowered by 1-2°, acupuncture animal head, neck, trunk, upper limbs and upper limbs disappeared, and eyelid reflex disappeared.

C. Deep anesthesia: The time from the start of electric field anesthesia or the time when the positive control injects the drug to naturally fall to the ground and lie down below 4 minutes. Animal breathing rate is below 10 times/min, heart rate is above 40 times, body temperature is lowered to 36° or below, acupuncture the animal's head, neck, trunk, upper extremities, pain disappears, eyelid reflex disappears, eyeball reverses downward, only part of the cornea is seen .

D. Excessive anesthesia: The time from the start of electric field anesthesia or the time when the positive control injects the drugs naturally falls to the ground and lies below 4 minutes. The animal's breathing rate is below 10 times/minute, the heart rate is irregular, below 40 times, the body temperature drops below 36°, the animal's head, neck, trunk, and upper limbs disappeared by needles, the eyelid reflex disappeared, and the corneal reflex disappeared.

1. Laboratory animal screening

For the experiment, 4-6 weeks old Balbc mouse (weight 20g, healthy, and shiny fur) was used as a candidate, and the local anesthesia comparison verification test was implemented after 1 week of adaptation to the environment.

2. Establishment of animal model

(1) Positive control (Group H)

Take 0.1 ml of 1% sodium pentobarbital/PBS (pH 6.8-7.0) solution, and intraperitoneally inject mice (n=5) as a positive control; record the time until the positive control group is injected with drugs to naturally fall to the ground. Judging the effect of anesthesia by animal breathing, heart rate, body temperature, eyelid reflex sensitivity, etc.

(2) Negative control (group I)

The normal mouse (n=5) group was taken as the negative control; the respiration, heart rate, body temperature, eyelid reflex sensitivity of the negative control group animals were recorded as the benchmark for judging the anesthesia effect.

(3) Experimental group of electric field anesthesia

Randomly divide 35 mice meeting the standard into different electric field local anesthesia groups (according to the electric field voltage generated: group A (1V); group B (3V); group C (10V); group D (30V) ; E group (100V); F group (300V) and G group (1000V), 5 in each group. Using the electric field generator provided in the example, each mouse was continuously stimulated for 10 minutes. After the test, the natural fall was recorded The time until the abdomen is lying, the anesthesia effect is judged by the animal's breathing, heart rate, body temperature, and eyelid reflex sensitivity.

3. Evaluation of treatment effect

3-1: The working distance of the electric field is 10cm

After adjusting the working distance of the electric field to 10 cm, the electric fields generated by different working voltages were used to implement the electric field local anesthesia experiment on the mice in the electric field anesthesia experiment group for 10 minutes. Record the time until the mice naturally fall to the ground and lie on their abdomen in the experiment. According to the above-mentioned small animal test anesthesia standard, the anesthesia effect is judged by animal respiration, heart rate, body temperature, eyelid reflex sensitivity, etc. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

According to Table 1, when the voltage of the anesthesia electric field is lower than 10V, there is almost no anesthesia effect. When the electric field strength reaches 30-300V, the effect of light anesthesia begins to appear. When the electric field intensity is continuously adjusted to 1000V, the anesthesia effect continues to increase, which is almost the same as the anesthesia effect of 1% sodium pentobarbital/PBS. No depth and excessive anesthesia occurred.

3-2: The distance between electrodes is set to 0.1cm

After adjusting the working distance of the electric field to 0.1cm, using electric fields generated by different working voltages, the mice in the electric field anesthesia experiment group were also subjected to the same electric field local anesthesia experiment for 10 minutes. Record the time until the mice naturally fall to the ground and lie on their abdomen in the experiment. According to the standard of anesthesia in the small animal test, the anesthesia effect is judged by the animal's respiration, heart rate, body temperature, eyelid reflex sensitivity, etc. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

According to Table 2, when the voltage of the anesthesia electric field is lower than 30V, light anesthesia occurs, and when the voltage is 30-100V, the effect of moderate anesthesia occurs. When the electric field intensity reaches 300V, a severe anesthesia effect appears, and when it reaches 1000V, an over-anaesthesia phenomenon begins.

It is proposed that the purpose of avoiding excessive anesthesia is that the voltage should be gradually increased through preliminary experiments according to the tolerance of the test subjects to maintain the best anesthesia effect.

In small animal experiments, local anesthetics are commonly used to block peripheral nerve endings or nerve trunks, and generate local anesthetic areas through the signal conduction of ganglia and nerve plexus. The characteristic is that the animal stays awake, interferes slightly with the function of important organs, and is concurrent with anesthesia Fewer symptoms. The clinical anesthesia effect monitoring and the criteria for judging the depth of anesthesia are mostly based on various reflex activities and vital signs such as body temperature, respiration, and pulse during animal anesthesia. In clinical practice, try to maintain light or moderate anesthesia according to clinical needs. Try to avoid deep anesthesia and resolutely put an end to excessive anesthesia to prevent accidental anesthesia.

The above-mentioned embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, only one of the two poles forming the electric field of the electric field generator is in contact with the living body (contact electrode). In practice, both poles forming the electric field may be in contact with the living body or neither of them.

Claims (19)

1. An electric field generating device used for anesthetizing a living body, characterized in that it comprises:

   The poles used to form the electric field,

   Wherein, the electric field covers the part to be anesthetized of the living body to realize the anesthesia.
2. The electric field generating device according to claim 1, wherein:

   Wherein, one of the two poles is a contact electrode that is in contact with the living body, and the other pole covers an anesthesia electrode near the part to be anesthetized of the living body,

   Only the contact electrode is in contact with the living body.
3. The electric field generating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

   Wherein, there are multiple anesthesia electrodes.
4. The electric field generating device according to claim 3, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the arrangement of the multiple anesthesia electrodes is selected from a lattice arrangement, which is a 2 ^m lattice, where m is a non-zero natural number.
5. The electric field generating device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the bottom of each anesthesia electrode is coated with an insulating material or is made of insulating material to prevent mutual interference between adjacent anesthesia electrodes.
6. The electric field generating device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the working voltage range of the electric field is 1-1000V,

   The working distance of the electric field ranges from 0.1 to 100 cm.
7. The electric field generating device according to claim 6, wherein:

   Wherein, the working distance is any one of 0.1 cm and 10 cm.
8. The electric field generating device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the electric field generating device further includes a power supply.
9. The electric field generating device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the electric field generating device further includes a regulating unit for regulating the electric field intensity of the electric field.
10. The use of an electric field generating device in anesthetizing a living body is characterized in that:

    The living body is anesthetized by the electric field generated by the electric field generator.

    Wherein, the electric field generating device is the electric field generating device according to any one of claims 1-9.
11. A method for anesthetizing a living body, which is characterized in:

    The electric field generated by the electric field generator is used to anesthetize the living body.

    Wherein, the electric field generating device is the electric field generating device of claims 1-9.
12. The method according to claim 11, characterized by comprising the following steps:

    Step 1. Contact the contact electrode in the electric field generating device with a living body;

    Step 2: Let the electric field generated by the contact electrode and the anesthesia electrode in the electric field generating device cover the part to be anesthetized of the living body to realize the anesthesia.
13. The electric field generating device according to claim 12, wherein:

    Wherein, there are multiple anesthesia electrodes.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein:

    Wherein, the arrangement of the multiple anesthesia electrodes is selected from a lattice arrangement, which is a 2 ^m lattice, where m is a non-zero natural number.
15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that:

    Wherein, the bottom of each anesthesia electrode is coated with an insulating material or is made of insulating material to prevent mutual interference between adjacent anesthesia electrodes.
16. The method according to any one of claims 11-15, characterized in that:

    Wherein, the working voltage range of the electric field is 1-1000V,

    The working distance of the electric field ranges from 0.1 to 100 cm.
17. The method according to claim 17, wherein:

    Wherein, the working distance is any one of 0.1 cm and 10 cm.
18. The method according to any one of claims 12-19, characterized in that:

    Wherein, the electric field generating device further includes a power supply.
19. The method according to any one of claims 12-18, characterized in that:

    Wherein, the electric field generating device further includes a regulating unit for regulating the electric field intensity of the electric field.

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