WO2020259226A1 - 并列管式气体吸附浓集装置 - Google Patents

并列管式气体吸附浓集装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020259226A1
WO2020259226A1 PCT/CN2020/093910 CN2020093910W WO2020259226A1 WO 2020259226 A1 WO2020259226 A1 WO 2020259226A1 CN 2020093910 W CN2020093910 W CN 2020093910W WO 2020259226 A1 WO2020259226 A1 WO 2020259226A1
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adsorption
desorption
gas
hot air
heat
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PCT/CN2020/093910
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张传忠
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上海深城环保设备工程有限公司
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Priority to KR1020227003312A priority Critical patent/KR102579864B1/ko
Priority to EP20831116.7A priority patent/EP3991825A4/en
Priority to JP2021578044A priority patent/JP7264542B2/ja
Priority to US17/597,188 priority patent/US11850544B2/en
Publication of WO2020259226A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020259226A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0438—Cooling or heating systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/404—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using four beds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas adsorption concentration device, and further relates to a device for concentrating malodorous organic pollutant waste gas by an adsorption method.
  • Adsorption gas concentration technology has been widely used in the field of atmospheric volatile organic compound (VOCs) pollution control.
  • Common gas adsorption and concentration devices include rotary adsorbers and regenerative fixed-bed adsorbers. The purpose of these methods is to concentrate the adsorbable pollutants, and use supporting destruction devices such as thermal oxidation destruction device (TO) to oxidize the adsorbable pollutants into harmless simple compounds such as water and carbon dioxide, or to reduce these adsorbable pollutants Further separation and collection, recycling.
  • TO thermal oxidation destruction device
  • These adsorption concentration technologies are currently mostly used in industrial application scenarios where continuous operation and source gas flow concentration are relatively stable, and the equipment is usually expensive.
  • the invention discloses a gas adsorption and concentration device, which can solve the problem of odor pollution with large flow and low concentration with lower cost equipment.
  • This gas adsorption and concentration device can also be used for volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) waste gas treatment similar to the above-mentioned odor pollution situation.
  • VOCs volatile organic pollutants
  • this case collectively referred to odorous waste gas and volatile organic pollutants as adsorbable pollutants as needed.
  • the pollutant gas that needs to be concentrated is called adsorption gas
  • the medium gas used for desorption and regeneration of the adsorption bed is called desorption gas.
  • the specific scheme of this gas adsorption and concentration device is to set up multiple parallel fixed-bed adsorbers working at the same time and a set of mobile hot air desorbers that can be connected to at least one of the multiple parallel fixed-bed adsorbers in sequence.
  • the attachment device separately completes the desorption of all parallel fixed adsorption beds by moving the hot air desorption device.
  • the most basic specific technical solution includes a shell, an adsorption gas inlet, an adsorption gas outlet, multiple adsorption units and a set of mobile desorption devices.
  • the adsorption unit is a small fixed-bed adsorber, which includes two head ends that allow adsorption gas and desorption gas to enter and exit the adsorber. All the adsorption units are arranged side by side and connected by a supporting connection structure to form a closed adsorption core, so that the adsorption gas entering the shell from the adsorption gas inlet must pass through the adsorption unit on the adsorption core to reach the adsorption gas outlet.
  • the mobile desorption device is composed of a hot air desorption device and a mechanical moving device.
  • the hot air desorption device can be connected to at least one of the fixed bed adsorption units in sequence, and connected to the desorption gas supply device and the desorption gas processing device of the external device through the flexible pipe, so that the desorption gas from the desorption gas supply device The attached gas reaches the desorbed gas processing device through the adsorption unit.
  • a gas heating device is installed at an appropriate part of the desorption gas passage to heat the desorption gas to an appropriate temperature capable of desorption and regeneration of the adsorption bed in the adsorption unit.
  • the mechanical moving device supports the hot air desorption device and drives the hot air desorption device under controlled power to complete the connection and switching with each adsorption unit in sequence.
  • the above-mentioned improvement scheme of the gas adsorption and concentration device consists of two adsorption units forming an adsorption unit group as the functional unit of the desorption process.
  • the hot air desorption device respectively connects the two head ends on one side of the adsorption unit group with the desorption gas supply device and the desorption gas processing device through a flexible pipe, and this part of the hot air desorption device is called the IO end.
  • the two head ends on the other side of the adsorption unit group are connected by a pipe containing a gas heating device, and this part of the hot air desorption device is called the CA end.
  • a further improvement scheme of the above-mentioned gas adsorption and concentration device is specifically to provide a heat exchange device at the IO end of the hot air desorption device, and the function of the heat exchange device is to perform heat exchange between the two desorption gas pipelines passing through the IO end.
  • the heat exchange device is a regenerative heat exchanger.
  • the heat storage heat exchanger is a heat storage body intermittent rotating heat exchanger.
  • multiple parallel fixed-bed adsorption units are arranged in a matrix, and the array is arranged so that the adjacent fixed-bed adsorption units are paired up and down, left and right, forming a track that covers all fixed-bed adsorption units. Curve.
  • the curve is a closed curve connected end to end.
  • the specific solution is that the adsorption reactor core is set in a modular structure that can be horizontally expanded and vertically stacked, and the mobile desorption device is also set to a flexible expansion structure that can expand its coverage.
  • the essence of the positive effect of the present invention is to transform the desorption process of the regenerative fixed bed adsorber from the centralized desorption that requires high-power energy consumption to the step-by-step desorption of low-power energy consumption, and use two in the desorption process
  • the adsorption unit recovers the heat absorbed by the adsorbent in series and uses the heat exchange between the gases to recover the heat in the discharged desorption gas to make full use of the heat energy, which reduces the gas adsorption and concentration equipment to the supporting energy supply-such as power supply- It can reduce the overall energy consumption and has significant economic and social benefits.
  • Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the basic structure of the gas adsorption and concentration device, the adsorption state.
  • FIG. 1 The device as shown in Figure 1, desorption state.
  • Two adsorption units form an adsorption unit group as the functional unit of the desorption process.
  • FIG. 1 The device as shown in Figure 3, desorption state.
  • FIGS. 5a-b Simplified schematic diagrams of the device of Figure 3, illustrating heat transfer during desorption.
  • the hot air desorption device is equipped with a partitioned heat exchange device.
  • the hot air desorption device is equipped with a heat storage body intermittent rotating heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 8a-d Schematic diagram of the heat transfer process when the intermittent rotating heat exchanger of the heat storage body works.
  • Figure 9 The trajectory formed by the pairing of the adsorption unit group composed of two adsorption units, a core, schematic diagram.
  • Figure 10 The trajectory formed by the pairing of the adsorption unit group composed of adsorption units, two cores, indicating horizontal expansion.
  • Figure 11 The trajectory formed by the pairing of the adsorption unit group composed of adsorption units, four cores, indicating vertical stacking + horizontal expansion.
  • the adsorption unit is a small fixed-bed adsorber, which includes two head ends 41 that allow adsorption gas and desorption gas to enter and exit the adsorber, and an adsorbent 42 and a heat preservation material 43 are inside. All the adsorption units are arranged side by side and connected by a supporting connection structure to form a closed adsorption core 40, so that the adsorption gas entering the shell 1 from the adsorption gas inlet 2 must pass through the adsorption unit 4 on the adsorption core 40 to reach the adsorption gas exhaust. ⁇ 3.
  • the mobile desorption device is composed of a hot air desorption device 51 and a mechanical moving device 52.
  • the hot air desorption device 51 can be connected to one of the adsorption units in sequence, and connected to the external desorption gas supply device 01 and the desorption gas processing device 02 through the flexible pipe 511, so that the desorption gas supply device 01
  • the desorbed gas passes through the adsorption unit 4 and reaches the desorbed gas processing device 02.
  • a gas heating device 512 is provided between the desorption gas supply device 01 and the adsorption unit 4.
  • the mechanical moving device 52 supports the hot air desorption device 51 and moves on the horizontal track 521 and the vertical track 522 under controlled power driving, and completes the connection and switching of the hot air desorption device 51 and each adsorption unit 4 through the telescopic interface 523 in order.
  • the equipment includes two working processes, adsorption process and desorption process.
  • Adsorption process the polluted air delivered from the polluted gas (or mixed gas) collection device 03, as shown by the hollow arrow, enters the intake static pressure box 11 composed of the shell 1 and the adsorption core 40 from the adsorption gas inlet 2 , And then enter each adsorption unit 4 respectively.
  • the adsorbent 42 in the adsorption unit adsorbs and retains the adsorbable pollutants in the polluted air.
  • the clean air flows out from the other end of the adsorption unit 4 and enters the shell 1 and the adsorption core 40.
  • the exhaust collecting box 12 is formed. Finally, the clean air is discharged from the adsorption gas outlet 3, and discharged into the atmosphere through the pipe and the chimney 04.
  • the adsorption process ends.
  • the hot air desorption device 51 of the mobile desorption device 5 is docked with the two head ends 41 of the adsorption unit 4.
  • the desorption gas delivered by the desorption gas supply device is indicated by the thin arrow and is heated by the gas heating device 512 to reach a predetermined value.
  • the adsorbent 42 in the adsorption unit 4 is heated, and the pollutants overflowing in the adsorbent are discharged from the other head 41 of the adsorption unit 4, and the adsorbed gas is sent through the flexible pipe 511 for treatment Device 02, here is the thermal oxidation destruction device TO, and then also discharged to the chimney.
  • the hot air adsorption device is separated from the adsorption unit, and is driven by the mechanical moving device to move to and combine with the next adsorption unit, and repeat the above desorption process.
  • the desorption gas supply device 01 and the desorption gas treatment device outside here are not necessary equipment.
  • the desorption gas can be ordinary air without treatment, or the desorption gas discharged from desorption can be discharged into the atmosphere without treatment.
  • the flexible pipe 511 can be directly connected to the space outside the housing 1 of the gas adsorption and concentration device.
  • the adsorption unit group 43 composed of two adsorption units is used as the functional unit of the desorption process, see FIG. 3.
  • the adsorption unit group 43 composed of two adsorption units 4-1 and 4-2 serves as the functional unit of the desorption process.
  • the hot air desorption device 51 can respectively connect the two head ends 411 and 412 on one side of the adsorption unit group with the desorption gas supply device 01 and the desorption gas treatment device 02 through the flexible pipe 511. One part is called the IO side.
  • the two head ends 413 and 414 on the other side of the adsorption unit group are connected by a connecting short pipe 5110 including a gas heating device 512, and this part of the hot air desorption device is called the CA end.
  • the desorption gas delivered by the desorption gas supply device enters the adsorption unit 4-1 through the head end 411 of the adsorption unit, and then enters the connecting short pipe 5110 from the other head end 413.
  • the adsorbent After being heated by the gas heating device 512 to reach the predetermined desorption temperature, the adsorbent enters the adsorption unit 4-2 through the head end 411 of the adsorption unit, and the adsorbent therein is heated and desorbed, and finally sent to the desorption unit through the head end 412 of the adsorption unit and the flexible pipe 511.
  • the mobile desorption device After the adsorption unit 4-2 completes desorption, the mobile desorption device is separated from the adsorption units 4-1 and 4-2, and then combined with the new adsorption unit group composed of the adsorption units 4-2 and 4-3, repeat the above Desorption process.
  • Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the desorption gas that first enters the adsorption unit 4-2 will absorb the heat absorbed by the adsorbent during the desorption process of the previous adsorption unit 4-1, and its own temperature will rise.
  • the device 512 When the device 512 is heated, it can reach the predetermined desorption temperature by absorbing less heat, and the adsorbent of the adsorption unit 4-1 is cooled in this process, and can enter the low temperature state required for the adsorption process more quickly.
  • the desorption process of the device of Example 2 is more energy-efficient, and it can be transferred to the adsorption process immediately after the desorption is completed.
  • the hot air desorption device is equipped with a heat exchange device, see Figures 6-7 and 8a-d.
  • the desorption gas sent from the head end 41 of the adsorption unit and the flexible pipe 511 to the desorption gas processing device 02 is a high temperature gas.
  • the heat carried in it is wasted energy and will make the flexible pipe 511 at a high temperature.
  • the solution is to install a heat exchanger between the two flexible pipes 511 that enter and exit the head end 412 of the adsorption unit of the hot air desorption device.
  • install a partition heat exchanger 5131 as shown in FIG.
  • the solution with higher heat utilization rate is to install a regenerative heat exchanger. It also includes valve switching heat storage heat exchanger or heat storage body rotating heat storage heat exchanger. Here, a heat storage body rotating heat storage heat exchanger 5132 is preferred, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the heat storage body 5132 is divided into A and B parts. During operation, in the latter part of the desorption cycle I of an adsorption unit group, the high temperature desorption gas discharged from the adsorption unit 4-2 transfers heat to the heat storage body 5132-A part of the rotary heat storage heat exchanger 5132. When the desorption cycle I of the adsorption unit group ends and the desorption cycle II of another adsorption unit group is switched, the heat storage body rotates 180°. At the beginning of the desorption cycle II, the heat storage body 5132-A heats the desorption gas entering the adsorption unit 4-2, so that the heat can be reused.
  • the adsorption unit 4-3 discharges the high-temperature desorption gas to heat the heat storage body 5132-B.
  • the heat of the heat storage body 5132-B is transferred back to the adsorption unit 4-3, and the process of the desorption cycle II is repeated.
  • adsorption cores equipped with different adsorption units can correspond to different coverage areas but hot air desorption devices and other mobile desorption systems with the same main configuration.
  • the core 40 adopts a modular structure, and the moving track of the mobile desorption device also adopts a structure that is easy to splice and extend, it can be composed of a small number or even a single specification of the adsorption core module 401 and a single
  • the core components of the mobile adsorption device are flexibly combined into a gas adsorption concentration device with multiple processing capabilities.
  • Figures 9-11 show three types of combined cores formed by different combinations of core modules.
  • the suction unit 04 is drawn, and the rotary joint 523 connected to the head end 41 of the suction unit in the mobile suction device and its movement to different positions form a track 524.

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Abstract

一种用吸附法浓集恶臭有机污染废气的装置，具体为设置多个并列的固定床吸附器和一套能够按顺序分别与多个并列的固定床吸附器中的至少一个连接的一套移动热风脱附装置（5），通过移动热风脱附装置（5）分别完成所有并列的固定吸附床的脱附，移动热风脱附装置（5）连接两个吸附单元（4），在热风脱附装置（5）的进出口管路上设置蓄热式热交换装置（5132）。该装置将再生式固定床吸附器的脱附过程由需要大功率能耗的集中脱附转化为小功率能耗的分步脱附，并在脱附过程中用回收吸附剂及排出的脱附气体中热量的方式充分利用热能，既降低了气体吸附浓集设备对配套能源供应的功率需求，又可降低综合能耗。

Description

并列管式气体吸附浓集装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种气体吸附浓集装置，进一步涉及一种用吸附法浓集恶臭有机污染废气的装置。
背景技术
吸附法气体浓集技术在大气挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)污染治理领域得到越来越广泛的应用。常见的气体吸附浓集装置包括转轮吸附器和再生式固定床吸附器。这些方法的目的在于浓缩可吸附污染物，并用配套的摧毁装置如热氧化摧毁装置(TO)将其中的可吸附污染物氧化成水、二氧化碳的等无害简单化合物，或将这些可吸附污染物进一步分离收集，回收利用。这些吸附浓缩技术目前多用于连续作业并且源气体流量浓度比较稳定的工业应用场景，通常设备造价较高。随着环保标准的提高，这些技术也开始用在处理浓度较高，用其他处理方式如低温等离子、光催化等处理技术难以有效清除的恶臭气体污染治理。相对于VOCs的治理，这些污染物属于低浓度、低热值，吸附-脱附周期较长，如果用现有的吸附法气体浓集技术配合常用摧毁技术，虽然可以彻底消除这些恶臭气体的污染，但大功率、大处理量的高价设备及配套的场地、供电、燃气等设施的是一种不必要的资源浪费。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种气体吸附浓集装置，可以用较低代价的设备解决了大流量、低浓度的臭气污染问题。
这种气体吸附浓集装置同样可以用于与上述臭气污染情形相似的挥发性机污染物(VOCs)废气处理。为便于叙述，本案根据需要将恶臭废气和挥发性有机污 染物统称为可吸附污染物。同理，将需要浓集处理的污染气体称为吸附气体，将用于吸附床脱附再生的介质气体称为脱附气体。
这种气体吸附浓集装置的具体方案是设置多个同时工作的并列的固定床吸附器和一套能够按顺序分别与多个并列的固定床吸附器中的至少一个连接的一套移动热风脱附装置，通过移动热风脱附装置分别完成所有并列的固定吸附床的脱附。
最基本的具体技术方案包括壳体、吸附气体进口、吸附气体排口、多个吸附单元和一套移动脱附装置。所述的吸附单元即一个小型的固定床吸附器，包括能够让吸附气体及脱附气体进出吸附器的两个头端。所有吸附单元并列排列并由支撑连接结构连接成一个密闭的吸附堆芯，使得由吸附气体进口进入壳体的吸附气体必须穿过吸附堆芯上的吸附单元才能到达吸附气体排口。所述的移动脱附装置由热风脱附装置和机械移动装置组成。热风脱附装置能够按顺序与固定床吸附单元中的至少一个分别连接，并通过软性管道分别连通外设的脱附气体供应装置及脱附气体处理装置，使得来自脱附气体供应装置的脱附气体通过吸附单元到达脱附气体处理装置。在上述脱附气体通路的适当部位设置气体加热装置，把脱附气体加热到能够使吸附单元内吸附床脱附再生的适当温度。机械移动装置支撑热风脱附装置并在受控动力驱动下驱动热风脱附装置按顺序完成与各吸附单元的连接与切换。
上述的气体吸附浓集装置的改进方案，由两个吸附单元组成吸附单元组，作为脱附过程的功能单位。所述热风脱附装置通过软性管道分别将吸附单元组一侧的两个头端分别与脱附气体供应装置及脱附气体处理装置连通，热风脱附装置的这一部分称为IO端。由包含气体加热装置的管道连通上述吸附单元组的另外一侧的两个头端，热风脱附装置的这一部分称为CA端。
上述的气体吸附浓集装置进一步的改进方案，具体是在热风脱附装置的IO端设置热交换装置，热交换装置的作用是在经过IO端的两条脱附气体管路之间进行热交换。
上述改进的具体方案，所述热交换装置为蓄热式热交换器。
上述改进的进一步具体化方案，所述蓄热式热交换器为蓄热体间断旋转式热交换器。
针对吸附单元的数目及排列方式的优化，多个并列固定床吸附单元呈矩阵排列，阵列设置使得相邻的固定床吸附单元上下左右两个方向配对形成的轨迹正好形成一条覆盖所有固定床吸附单元的曲线。
针对吸附单元的数目及排列方式的进一步优化，所述的曲线为首尾相连的闭合曲线。
针对单台装置对吸附气体处理能力的改进，具体方案是的吸附堆芯设置成能够横向扩展和纵向堆叠的模块结构，移动脱附装置组成也设置成覆盖范围能够扩展的灵活扩展结构。
本发明的积极作用的实质是将再生式固定床吸附器的脱附过程由需要大功率能耗的集中脱附转化为小功率能耗的分步脱附，并在脱附过程中用两个吸附单元串联回收吸附剂吸收的热量以及用气体之间热交换回收排出的脱附气体中的热量的方式充分利用热能，既降低了气体吸附浓集设备对配套能源供应——如供电功率——的需求，又可降低综合能耗，具有显著的经济和社会效益。
下面结合是实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
附图说明
图1.气体吸附浓集装置基本结构示意图，吸附状态。
图2.如图1的装置，脱附状态。
图3.两个吸附单元组成吸附单元组，作为脱附过程的功能单位。
图4.如图3的装置，脱附状态。
图5a-b.如图3的装置的简化示意图，示意脱附过程中的热传递。
图6.热风脱附装置设置间壁式热交换装置。
图7.热风脱附装置设置蓄热体间断旋转式热交换器。
图8a-d.蓄热体间断旋转式热交换器工作时的热传递过程示意图。
图9.两个吸附单元组成的吸附单元组的配对形成的轨迹，一个堆芯，示意图。
图10.吸附单元组成的吸附单元组的配对形成的轨迹，两个堆芯、示意水平扩展。
图11.吸附单元组成的吸附单元组的配对形成的轨迹，四个堆芯、示意纵向堆叠+水平扩展。
具体实施方式
实施例1
气体吸附浓集装置最基本的技术方案，参见附图1。
包括壳体1、吸附气体进口2、吸附气体排口3、多个吸附单元4和一套移动脱附装置5。所述的吸附单元即一个小型的固定床吸附器，包括能够让吸附气体及脱附气体进出吸附器的两个头端41，内有吸附剂42，保温材料43。所有吸附单元并列排列并由支撑连接结构连接成一个密闭的吸附堆芯40，使得由吸附气体进口2进入壳体1的吸附气体必须穿过吸附堆芯40上的吸附单元4才能到达吸附气体排口3。所述的移动脱附装置由热风脱附装置51和机械移动装置52组成。热风脱附装置51能够按顺序与吸附单元中的一个分别连接，并通过软性管道511分别连通外设的脱附气体供应装置01及脱附气体处理装置02，使得来自脱附气体供应装置01的脱附气体通过吸附单元4，到达脱附气体处理装置02。在脱附气体供应装置01和吸附单元4之间设置气体加热装置512。机械移动装置52支撑热风脱附装置51并在受控动力驱动下在水平轨道521和垂直轨道522上移动，通过伸缩接口523按顺序完成热风脱附装置51与各吸附单元4的连接与切换。
该设备工作时包含两段工作过程，吸附过程和脱附过程。
吸附过程：从污染气体(或混合气体)收集装置03输送来的污染空气，如空心箭头所示，从吸附气体进口2进入由壳体1和吸附堆芯40构成的构成进气静压箱11，然后分别进入各吸附单元4，吸附单元内的吸附剂42吸附留滞了污染空气内的可吸附污染物，洁净空气从吸附单元4的另一端流出，进入由壳体1和吸附堆芯40构成排气汇集箱12，最后，洁净空气从吸附气体排口3排出，经管道和烟囱04排入大气。
脱附过程：参见附图2，当吸附单元4内的吸附剂42吸附了一定量的污染物，吸附能力下降，趋于不能有效处理污染空气时，吸附过程结束。移动脱附装置5的热风脱附装置51与吸附单元4的两个头端41对接，由脱附气体提供装置输送来的脱附气体，由细线箭头表示，经气体加热装置512加热达到预定的脱附温度后进入吸附单元，对吸附单元4内的吸附剂42进行加热，同时携带吸附剂内溢出的污染物从吸附单元4的另一个头端41排出，经软性管道511送吸附气体处理装置02，这里是热氧化摧毁装置TO，然后也排至烟囱。
当一个吸附单元完成脱附再生后，热风吸附装置与该吸附单元脱离，并在机械移动装置的驱动下移动至下一个吸附单元并与之结合，重复上述脱附过程。
这里外设的脱附气体供应装置01和脱附气体处理装置并不是必需的装，当脱附气体可以是无需处理的普通空气，或脱附排出的脱附气体无需处理即可排如入大气时，软性管道511可以直接连通至气体吸附浓集装置壳体1外的空间。
实施例2
两个吸附单元组成的吸附单元组43，作为脱附过程的功能单位，参见附图3。
在实施例1的基础上，两个吸附单元4-1和4-2组成的吸附单元组43，作为脱附过程的功能单位。所述热风脱附装置51通过软性管道511能够分别将吸附单元组一侧的两个头端411和412分别与脱附气体供应装置01及脱附气体处理装置02连通，热风脱附装置的这一部分称为IO端。由包含气体加热装置512的连通短管5110连通上述吸附单元组的另外一侧的两个头端413和414，热风脱附装置的这一部分称为CA端。
装置工作时，吸附过程与实施例1相同。
脱附状态参见附图4，脱附过程参见图5a-b。移动脱附装置与相应的吸附单元组结合以后，由脱附气体供应装置输送的脱附气体经吸附单元头端411进入吸附单元4-1,然后从另一个头端413进入连通短管5110，经气体加热装置512加热达到预定的脱附温度后经吸附单元头端411进入吸附单元4-2对其中的吸附剂进行升温脱附，最后经吸附单元头端412和软性管道511送往脱附气体处理装置02。 在吸附单元4-2完成脱附以后，移动脱附装置与吸附单元4-1和4-2脱离，移动后与吸附单元4-2和4-3组成的新的吸附单元组结合，重复上述脱附过程。
与实施例1情形不同的是，首先进入吸附单元4-2的脱附气体会吸收其中吸附剂在上一个吸附单元4-1脱附过程中吸收的热量，自身温度升高，在经过气体加热装置512加热时吸收较少的热量就能达到预定的脱附温度，而吸附单元4-1的吸附剂在这个过程中得到了冷却，可以更快地进入吸附过程所需的低温状态。
总之，与实施例1相比，实施例2的装置脱附过程更节能，并在脱附完成后即可立即转入吸附过程。
实施例3
热风脱附装置设置热交换装置，参见附图6-7、8a-d。
前面两个实施例的脱附过程中，在吸附单元将要完成脱附时，从吸附单元头端41和软性管道511送往脱附气体处理装置02的脱附气体是高温气体，这部分气体中携带的热量是浪费的能量，而且会使软性管道511处于高温状态。解决的方案是在热风脱附装置的进出吸附单元头端412的两条软性管道511之间设置换热器，比较简单的方案时设置间壁式换热器5131，如图6。
热利用率更高的方案是设置蓄热式换热器。其中又包括阀切换蓄热换热器或蓄热体旋转蓄热换热器。这里优选蓄热体旋转蓄热换热器5132，如附图7。
参见附图8a-d。蓄热体5132分为A、B两部份。工作时，在一个吸附单元组脱附周期Ⅰ的后段，吸附单元4-2排出的高温脱附气体将热量传给旋转蓄热换热器5132的蓄热体5132-A部。当吸附单元组脱附周期Ⅰ结束，切换至另一个吸附单元组脱附周期Ⅱ时，蓄热体旋转180°。在脱附周期Ⅱ开始阶段，蓄热体5132-A部对进入吸附单元4-2的脱附气体加热，使得热量得到重新利用。在脱附周期Ⅱ的后端段，吸附单元4-3的排出高温脱附气体，加热蓄热体5132-B部。在脱附周期Ⅲ，蓄热体5132-B部的热量传回吸附单元4-3，重复脱附周期Ⅱ的过程。
实施例4
模块结构的气体吸附浓集装置，参见附图9-11。
面对不同的吸附气体处理能力的功能需求，可以采用配置了不同吸附单元的吸附堆芯对应覆盖范围不同但热风脱附装置等主要配置相同的移动脱附系统。从降低产品生产成本的角度，如果堆芯40采用模块式结构，而移动脱附装置的移动轨道也采用易于拼接延长的结构，就可以由少数规格甚至单一规格的吸附堆芯模块401和单一的移动吸附装置核心部件灵活地组合成多种处理能力的气体吸附浓集装置。
附图9-11显示了堆芯模块的不同组合方式形成的三种规格的组合式堆芯。图中仅画出了吸附单元04的正面外观，和移动吸附装置中与吸附单元头端41连接的旋转接头523及其移动到不同位置形成轨迹524。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种气体吸附浓集装置，其特征是包括壳体、吸附气体进口、吸附气体排口、多个吸附单元和一套移动脱附装置；所述的吸附单元即一个小型的固定床吸附器，所有吸附单元并列排列并由支撑连接结构连接成一个密闭的吸附堆芯，使得由吸附气体进口进入壳体的吸附气体必须穿过堆芯上的吸附单元才能到达吸附气体排口；所述的移动脱附装置由热风脱附装置和机械移动装置组成；所述热风脱附装置通过软性管道分别将由两个吸附单元组成的吸附单元组的一侧头端与脱附气体供应装置及脱附气体处理装置连通，热风脱附装置的这一部分称为IO端，并由包含气体加热装置的管道连通上述吸附单元组的另外一侧的两个头端；来自脱附气体供应装置的脱附气体依次通过该吸附单元组的两个吸附单元，到达脱附气体处理装置；在这个过程中，脱附气体完成对其中一个吸附单元中吸附剂的加热脱附再生，同时回收另一个吸附单元的吸附剂在脱附过程吸收的热量并冷却该吸附单元；机械移动装置支撑热风脱附装置并在受控动力驱动下按顺序完成热风脱附装置与各吸附单元组的连接与切换。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的气体吸附浓集装置，其特征是在热风脱附装置的IO端设置热交换装置，热交换装置的作用是在经过IO端的两条脱附气体管路之间进行热交换。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的气体吸附浓集装置，其特征是所述的热交换器为蓄热体间断旋转式热交换器。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的气体吸附浓集装置，其特征是多个并列固定床吸附单元呈矩阵排列，阵列设置使得相邻的固定床吸附单元上下左右两个方向两两配对形成的轨迹正好能够形成一条覆盖所有固定床吸附单元的首尾相连的闭合曲线。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的气体吸附浓集装置，其特征是所述的吸附堆芯设置成能够横向扩展和纵向堆叠的模块结构，移动脱附装置相应设置成覆盖范围能够扩展的灵活扩展结构。
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