WO2020258571A1 - 一种音腔结构及具有该音腔结构的声学电子设备 - Google Patents

一种音腔结构及具有该音腔结构的声学电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020258571A1
WO2020258571A1 PCT/CN2019/109023 CN2019109023W WO2020258571A1 WO 2020258571 A1 WO2020258571 A1 WO 2020258571A1 CN 2019109023 W CN2019109023 W CN 2019109023W WO 2020258571 A1 WO2020258571 A1 WO 2020258571A1
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Prior art keywords
cavity
sound
sound cavity
sub
speaker
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PCT/CN2019/109023
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏锋
姜滨
迟小羽
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of acoustic equipment, and more specifically, to a sound cavity structure, and also to an acoustic electronic device having the sound cavity structure.
  • acoustic-related electronic products such as Bluetooth speakers, Soundbar speakers, VR/AR audio equipment, and the front and rear sound cavity design are the key factors that determine the size of the product.
  • the conventional sound cavity design is to set a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity at the front and back of the speaker, and the front and rear sound cavity are separated by the speaker, and the corresponding front and rear sound cavity sizes are designed according to the specific parameters of the speaker.
  • the sound cavity structure of this structure needs to occupy a large thickness space.
  • the first purpose of this application is to provide a sound cavity structure, the structural design of the sound cavity structure can effectively solve the problem of large thickness space occupied by the front and rear sound cavity, the second purpose of this application is to provide a An acoustic electronic device including the above sound cavity structure.
  • a sound cavity structure has an inner cavity, and includes a mounting plate that separates the inner cavity from an upper sound cavity and a lower sound cavity.
  • the upper sound cavity has partition ribs extending in the up and down directions to separate the upper sound cavity.
  • the mounting plate is provided with a mounting through hole for sealingly installing the speaker so that the front and rear ends of the speaker are respectively located in the lower sound cavity and the first sub-cavity Inside, the second sub-cavity communicates with the lower sound cavity through a communication channel, and the first sub-cavity accommodating the front end of the speaker communicates with a sound outlet or
  • the lower sound cavity is connected with a sound hole.
  • the above-mentioned sound cavity structure includes an upper cover, a lower cover and a bracket, the upper and lower ends of the bracket have grooves, and the lower cover is sealed and fixed to the notch of the groove at the lower end to enclose the In the lower sound cavity, the upper cover is sealed and fixed to the notch of the groove at the upper end to enclose the upper sound cavity.
  • the outer end of the mounting plate extends upward to form an outer side wall of the upper sound cavity, and the middle of the lower bottom surface of the mounting plate extends downward to form the outer side wall of the lower sound cavity.
  • the outer side wall of the lower sound cavity is sealed and fixedly connected, and the upper cover is sealed and fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the upper sound cavity and the top of the partition rib.
  • the rear end of the speaker is attached to the upper cover or the lower cover for installation.
  • the second sub-cavity is sleeved outside the first sub-cavity, and the second sub-cavity is separated from the first sub-cavity by the partition rib.
  • spirally distributed ribs are arranged in the first sub-cavity containing the rear end of the speaker to form a spiral sound channel, or are connected to the rear end of the speaker.
  • the second sub-cavity connected with the lower sound cavity is provided with spirally distributed ribs to form a spiral sound channel.
  • the communication channel is connected to the innermost end of the spiral channel.
  • the front end of the speaker is located in the first sub-cavity, and the rear end is located in the lower sound cavity.
  • the sound outlet is a through hole opened on the mounting plate to communicate with the first sub-cavity and stagger with the lower sound cavity.
  • the sound cavity structure provided by the present application has an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is separated from the upper sound cavity and the lower sound cavity by a mounting plate.
  • the upper sound cavity is provided with dividing ribs, which extend in the up and down direction, and separate the upper sound cavity into the first and second sub-cavities;
  • the mounting plate is provided with installation through holes for sealing and installing the speaker so that the front and rear of the speaker
  • the two ends are respectively located in the lower sound cavity and the first sub-cavity;
  • the sound cavity structure has a communicating channel, the second sub-cavity and the lower sound cavity are connected through the communicating channel, and the first sub-cavity or lower cavity at the front end of the speaker is accommodated.
  • the sound cavity is communicated with an upper sound cavity or a lower sound cavity is communicated with a sound hole.
  • the upper sound cavity and the lower sound cavity are separated by the mounting plate, and the first and second divided cavities are separated in the upper sound cavity by the partition ribs, and the second and lower The sound cavity is connected.
  • the front and rear ends of the speaker are respectively located in the lower sound cavity and the first sub-cavity, and the first sub-cavity is used as the front sound cavity, the lower sound cavity and the second sub-cavity according to the installation direction of the speaker.
  • the sub-cavities are correspondingly used as the back sound cavity, or the first sub-cavities are used as the back sound cavity, and the lower and second sub-cavities are correspondingly used as the front sound cavity.
  • the present application also provides an acoustic electronic device, which includes any of the above-mentioned sound cavity structures. Since the above sound cavity structure has the above technical effects, the acoustic electronic device with the sound cavity structure should also have corresponding technical effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a sound cavity structure according to a specific embodiment of the application
  • Figure 2 is a bottom view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the B-B cross-sectional structure in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the structure in Fig. 1 with the upper cover removed.
  • the solid arrow in Figure 5 shows the sound flow direction of the back cavity, and the hollow arrow shows the sound flow direction of the front cavity.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the sound cavity structure of a specific embodiment of the application
  • Figure 2 is a bottom view of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure in Figure 1
  • Figure 4 is a diagram 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of Figure 1 with the upper cover removed.
  • the sound cavity structure provided in the present application has an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is separated from the upper sound cavity 2 and the lower sound cavity 1 by the mounting plate 3. That is, the sound cavity structure has an outer wall to enclose the inner cavity.
  • an integrated housing may be used, or a manner in which the bracket 9 and the cover are matched may also be used.
  • the specific shape of the sound cavity structure can be set as required, and there is no specific limitation here.
  • the mounting plate 3 divides the inner cavity into the upper sound cavity 2 and the lower sound cavity 1. It should be noted that the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower finger components mentioned here and below is not used as an absolute orientation during use.
  • the vertical direction is consistent with the thickness direction of the speaker 12 in the installed state, that is, the front-rear direction.
  • the specific shape of the mounting plate 3 can also be set according to the internal cavity structure, preferably a flat plate, to reduce the space occupation in the thickness direction.
  • the upper sound cavity 2 is provided with a dividing rib 4 which extends in the up and down direction and separates the upper sound cavity 2 into a first sub-cavity 21 and a second sub-cavity 22. That is, the first sub-cavity 21 and the second sub-cavity 22 are divided into the upper sound cavity 2 by the partition rib 4, and the first sub-cavity 21 and the second sub-cavity 22 are arranged side by side or nested in a direction perpendicular to the thickness.
  • the dividing rib 4 extending in the up-down direction means that the dividing rib 4 divides the first sub-cavity 21 and the second sub-cavity 22 into parallel or nested arrangements perpendicular to the thickness direction, which includes both vertical and vertical directions.
  • the vertical arrangement also includes the inclined arrangement. It is only necessary to extend the upper end of the partition rib 4 to the top wall of the upper sound chamber 2 in a sealed connection, and the lower end to extend to the mounting plate 3 in a sealed connection.
  • the sealing connection here includes the separation rib 4 and the top wall of the upper sound cavity 2 and the mounting plate 3 in a split structure and sealed and fixed connection, and also includes the separation rib 4 being integrated with the top wall of the upper sound cavity 2 and the mounting plate 3 Type structure to seal the connection.
  • the mounting plate 3 is provided with mounting through holes for sealing and mounting the loudspeaker 12 so that the front and rear ends of the loudspeaker 12 are respectively located in the lower sound cavity 1 and the first sub-cavity 21. That is, the loudspeaker 12 is sealed and installed in the installation through hole, the front end is located in the first sub-cavity 21, and the rear end is located in the lower sound cavity 1.
  • the first sub-cavity 21 is used as the front sound cavity, the lower sound cavity 1 and the lower sound cavity.
  • the second sub-cavity 22 connected to the cavity 1 is used as a rear sound cavity; or, the rear end of the speaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21 and the front end is located in the lower sound cavity 1, and the first sub-cavity 21 is used as a rear sound cavity, and the lower sound
  • the cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22 communicating with the lower sound cavity 1 serve as a front sound cavity.
  • the installation method of the loudspeaker 12 can be set as required.
  • the front end of the loudspeaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21, and the rear end is located in the lower cavity 1, and the first sub-cavity 21 is used as the front sound.
  • the lower sound cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22 communicating with the lower sound cavity 1 are used as the rear sound cavity.
  • the specific size of the front sound cavity and the rear sound cavity can be realized by adjusting the position of the partition rib 4 to meet the requirements of the loudspeaker 12 on the volume of the front sound cavity and the rear sound cavity.
  • the speaker 12 is installed in a sealed manner through the setting of the installation through hole. Specifically, when the side wall of the speaker 12 has a stepped surface, the speaker 12 is preferably inserted into the installation through hole and the stepped surface is sealed and fixedly connected to the mounting plate 3.
  • the double-sided adhesive 6 seals and fixes the speaker 12. According to needs, the side wall of the speaker 12 can also be directly sealed and fixedly connected with the hole wall of the installation through hole, for example, the double-sided adhesive 6 is sealed and fixedly connected.
  • the sound cavity structure has a communicating channel 11, the second sub-cavity 22 is connected to the lower sound cavity 1 through the communicating channel 11, and the first sub-cavity 21 or the lower sound cavity 1 containing the front end of the loudspeaker 12 communicates with the sound hole 10 . That is, the second sub-cavity 22 is connected to the lower sound cavity 1 by providing the communication channel 11 in the sound cavity structure, and when the front end of the speaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21, the sound cavity structure is provided with A sound outlet 10 connected to a sub-cavity 21 to allow the sound emitted by the speaker 12 to normally diffuse; when the front end of the speaker 12 is located in the lower sound cavity 1, the sound cavity structure is provided with an outlet communicating with the lower sound cavity 1.
  • the sound hole 10 allows the sound emitted by the loudspeaker 12 to normally diffuse, and since the second sub-cavity 22 is connected to the lower sound cavity 1, the sound hole 10 is also connected to the second sub-cavity 22.
  • the specific setting position of the sound hole 10 is correspondingly set according to the installation position of the front end of the speaker 12.
  • the lower sound cavity 1 used as the rear sound cavity of the speaker 12 and the second sub-cavity 22 communicating with the lower sound cavity 1 or the upper sound cavity 2 used as the rear sound cavity of the speaker 12 may be specifically closed. Tuning holes can be opened as needed to achieve better acoustic performance. Correspondingly, the front sound cavity can also be equipped with tuning holes to achieve better acoustic performance.
  • the specific setting position and shape of the tuning hole can refer to the setting of the conventional tuning hole in the prior art, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the upper sound cavity 2 and the lower sound cavity 1 are separated by the mounting plate 3, and the first sub-cavity 21 and the second sub-cavity 22 are separated in the upper sound cavity 2 by the separating rib 4, And the second sub-cavity 22 communicates with the lower sound cavity 1.
  • the front and rear ends of the speaker 12 are respectively located in the lower sound cavity 1 and the first sub-cavity 21, and the first sub-cavity 21 is used as the front sound cavity according to the installation direction of the speaker 12,
  • the lower sound cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22 are correspondingly used as a back sound cavity, or the first sub-cavity 21 is used as a back sound cavity, and the lower sound cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22 are correspondingly used as a front sound cavity.
  • the first sub-cavity 21 is the front sound cavity
  • the sound cavity structure includes an upper cover 7, a lower cover 8 and a bracket 9.
  • the upper and lower ends of the bracket 9 have grooves.
  • the lower cover 8 is sealed and fixed to the notch of the lower groove to enclose the lower sound cavity 1.
  • the cover 7 is sealed and fixed to the notch of the groove at the upper end to enclose the upper sound cavity 2.
  • the mounting plate 3 is a part of the bracket 9, specifically the part between the grooves at the upper and lower ends of the bracket 9, that is, the groove bottom.
  • the upper part is easy to process and helps save thickness space.
  • the upper cover 7 and the bracket 9 can be sealed and fixedly connected by double-sided tape 6 or the like, and the lower cover 8 and the bracket 9 can be sealed and fixedly connected by double-sided tape or welding.
  • ultrasonic welding can be used.
  • the bracket 9 includes the outer side wall of the upper sound cavity, the outer side wall of the lower sound cavity and the mounting plate 3.
  • the outer side wall of the upper sound cavity is formed by the outer end of the mounting plate 3 extending upward
  • the outer side wall of the lower sound cavity is formed by extending the middle of the lower bottom surface of the mounting plate 3 downward.
  • the middle of the lower bottom surface here refers to the inner position of the outer end of the lower bottom surface.
  • the rear end of the speaker 12 is attached to the upper cover 7 or the lower cover 8 for installation. That is, when the front end of the speaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21 and the rear end is located in the lower sound cavity 1, the rear end is attached to the lower cover 8 for installation; or, the rear end of the speaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21, When the front end is located in the lower sound chamber 1, the rear end is attached to the upper cover 7 for installation.
  • the rear end of the speaker 12 can also be installed with a preset gap from the upper cover 7 or the lower cover 8. The specific preset gap size should be as small as possible while taking into account the sound quality of the speaker 12.
  • the length of the first sub-cavity 21 is greater than its height, that is, the length of the first sub-cavity 21 is larger, and preferably much larger than the length of the speaker 12, so that sufficient first sub-cavity can be provided with a small thickness. 21 size of sub-cavity.
  • the front and rear ends of the loudspeaker 12 can be installed to fit the upper cover 7 and the lower cover 8, or close to the upper cover 7 and the lower cover 8, that is, to install with the upper cover 7 and the lower cover 8 with a narrow gap, so that the sound cavity structure
  • the thickness of can be roughly equivalent to the thickness of the speaker 12 or only slightly larger than the thickness of the speaker 12.
  • the sound cavity structure is rectangular in plan view.
  • the sound cavity structure is not limited to this shape, and can be adjusted according to the needs of the product ID to meet the requirements of product shape and thinness.
  • the second sub-cavity 22 is sleeved outside the first sub-cavity 21.
  • the second sub-cavity 22 and the first sub-cavity 21 are separated by a partition rib 4, in the case where the cross section of the sound cavity structure perpendicular to the thickness direction is rectangular, the partition rib 4 has a rectangular tube shape, and the sound cavity structure is perpendicular to the thickness.
  • the partition rib 4 is cylindrical, and the specific distribution shape of the partition rib 4 may be set according to the shape of the sound cavity.
  • the size of the first sub-cavity 21 and the second sub-cavity 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the partition rib 4 to shrink inward or expand outward, so as to meet the requirements of the loudspeaker 12 for the volume of the front and rear sound chambers.
  • the communicating channel 11 is a long and narrow sound hole, that is, through the sound cavity structure, specifically, a long and narrow sound hole can be opened on the bracket 9 to connect the lower sound cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22.
  • the channel is long and narrow, which can reduce the attenuation of sound waves.
  • the cross section of the communication channel 11 may be rectangular.
  • the communication channel 11 can also be arranged in a ring shape with a cross section that is sleeved outside the separation rib 4 as required.
  • spirally distributed ribs 5 are provided in the second sub-cavity 22 communicating with the lower sound cavity 1 at the rear end of the speaker 12 to form a spiral sound channel, or the speaker 12 is accommodated.
  • Spiral ribs 5 are arranged in the first sub-cavity 21 at the rear end to form a spiral sound channel. That is, the front end of the loudspeaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21, and the rear end is located in the lower sound cavity 1.
  • the first sub-cavity 21 is used as the front sound cavity, and the lower sound cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22 communicating with the lower sound cavity 1 are used In the case of a rear sound cavity, spirally distributed ribs 5 are arranged in the second sub-cavity 22 to form a spiral sound channel.
  • the rear end of the loudspeaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21, and the front end is located in the lower sound cavity 1.
  • the first sub-cavity 21 is used as the rear sound cavity, the lower sound cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22 communicating with the lower sound cavity 1
  • spirally distributed ribs 5 are arranged in the first sub-cavity 21 to form a spiral sound channel.
  • a spiral sound channel is set in the back sound cavity, which extends the length of the loop within a limited volume.
  • the spiral sound track here means that the sound track is coiled and extended from the inside to the outside, and it can be coiled in a circular shape, or in a rectangular shape or other shapes.
  • the communication channel 11 is connected to the innermost end of the spiral channel. That is, the lower sound cavity 1 is connected to the innermost end of the spiral channel by the communicating channel 11, and then further coils outward along the spiral channel.
  • the connecting channel 11 is connected with the innermost end of the spiral channel to form an overall coherent and smooth sound transmission path, which further ensures the space utilization. According to needs, the connecting channel 11 can also be connected to the middle of the spiral channel, etc.
  • the front end of the specific speaker 12 is located in the first sub-cavity 21 when the speaker 12 is installed, and the rear end is located in the lower sound cavity 1.
  • the first sub-cavity 21 is used as a front sound cavity
  • the lower sound cavity 1 and the second sub-cavity 22 connected with the lower sound cavity 1 are used as a rear sound cavity.
  • the sound hole 10 is a through hole opened on the mounting plate 3 that communicates with the first sub-cavity 21 and is staggered with the lower sound cavity 1. That is, the sound hole 10 is opened on the mounting plate 3 at a position corresponding to the first sub-cavity 21, and one end is communicated with the first sub-cavity 21, and the other end is connected to the outside. Moreover, since the sound hole 10 is misaligned with the lower sound cavity 1, the communication between the first sub-cavity 21 and the lower sound cavity 1 is avoided, and the isolation of the front and rear sound cavity is ensured.
  • the sound hole 10 is arranged on the mounting plate 3, and the upper cover 7 and the lower cover 8 can be directly sealed and fixedly connected with the bracket 9 by means of double-sided tape 6 or the like, which is convenient for installation.
  • a through hole may be provided in the upper cover 7 as the sound hole 10, and the position of the sound hole 10 and the separation rib 4 are staggered to ensure the sealing between the upper cover 7 and the separation rib 4.
  • the specific number and shape of the sound holes 10 are set according to requirements, and there is no specific limitation here.
  • the case where the inner cavity of the sound cavity structure is divided into the first sub-cavity 21 and the second sub-cavity 22 by the arrangement of the partition ribs 4 has been described. Separating ribs 4 can also be added on this basis as required to further separate the third sub-cavity, the fourth sub-cavity, etc. in the inner cavity of the sound cavity structure.
  • the lower sound cavity 1 can be communicated with the third sub-cavity and/or the fourth sub-cavity through the communication channel 11 respectively as required.
  • the present application also provides an acoustic electronic device, which includes any sound cavity structure in the foregoing embodiment. Since the acoustic electronic device adopts the sound cavity structure in the foregoing embodiment, please refer to the foregoing embodiment for the beneficial effects of the acoustic electronic device.
  • the acoustic electronic device may be a head-mounted display device, such as an augmented reality head-mounted display device, a virtual reality head-mounted display device, etc., or other acoustic electronic devices such as speakers.
  • a head-mounted display device such as an augmented reality head-mounted display device, a virtual reality head-mounted display device, etc.
  • other acoustic electronic devices such as speakers.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments disclosed in this document can be directly implemented by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • the software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or all areas in the technical field. Any other known storage medium.

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Abstract

本申请一些实施例公开了一种音腔结构及具有该音腔结构的声学电子设备，具有内腔，且包括将内腔分隔出上音腔和下音腔的安装板，上音腔内具有沿上下方向延伸的分隔筋以将上音腔分隔出第一分腔和第二分腔，安装板上开设有用于密封安装扬声器的安装通孔以使扬声器的前后两端分别位于下音腔和第一分腔内，第二分腔通过连通声道与下音腔连通，且容置有扬声器前端的第一分腔或下音腔连通有出声孔。应用本申请提供的音腔结构及声学电子设备，通过将下音腔导出至上端并与上音腔的第一分腔并列设置，在同等音腔体积的情况下，可以减少在厚度方向的空间占用，进而有利于产品的轻薄化设计。

Description

一种音腔结构及具有该音腔结构的声学电子设备
本申请要求于2019年6月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910554986.X、申请名称为“一种音腔结构及具有该音腔结构的声学电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及声学设备技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种音腔结构，还涉及一种具有该音腔结构的声学电子设备。
背景技术
为了满足电子产品发展的趋势及增强用户的体验效果，对产品轻薄化的要求已越来越严格。目前声学相关的电子产品，如蓝牙音箱，Soundbar音箱，VR/AR音频设备等前后音腔的设计是决定产品大小的关键因素。
目前常规的音腔设计是在扬声器的前后分别设置前音腔和后音腔，前后音腔由扬声器分开，并根据扬声器的具体参数设计相应的前后音腔尺寸。然而，该结构的音腔结构需要占用较大的厚度空间。
因而设计空间利用率更高的音腔结构，是目前本领域技术人员需要解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请的第一个目的在于提供一种音腔结构，该音腔结构的结构设计可以有效地解决前后音腔占用厚度空间大的问题，本申请的第二个目的是提供一种包括上述音腔结构的声学电子设备。
为了达到上述第一个目的，本申请提供如下技术方案：
一种音腔结构，具有内腔，包括将所述内腔分隔出上音腔和下音腔的安装板，所述上音腔内具有沿上下方向延伸的分隔筋以将所述上音腔分隔出第 一分腔和第二分腔，所述安装板上开设有用于密封安装扬声器的安装通孔以使所述扬声器的前后两端分别位于所述下音腔和所述第一分腔内，所述第二分腔通过连通声道与所述下音腔连通，且容置有所述扬声器前端的所述第一分腔连通有出声孔，或容置有所述扬声器前端的所述下音腔连通有出声孔。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，包括上盖、下盖和支架，所述支架的上下两端均具有凹槽，所述下盖密封固定于下端所述凹槽的槽口以围成所述下音腔，所述上盖密封固定于上端的所述凹槽的槽口以围成所述上音腔。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，所述安装板的外端向上延伸形成上音腔外侧壁，所述安装板的下底面中部向下延伸形成下音腔外侧壁，所述下盖与所述下音腔外侧壁密封固定连接，所述上盖与所述上音腔外侧壁及所述分隔筋的顶部密封固定连接。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，所述扬声器的后端贴合所述上盖或所述下盖安装。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，所述第二分腔套设于所述第一分腔外，所述第二分腔与所述第一分腔间通过所述分隔筋隔开。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，容置有所述扬声器后端的所述第一分腔内设置有螺旋分布的筋板以形成螺旋状声道，或者与容置有所述扬声器后端的所述下音腔连通的所述第二分腔内设置有螺旋分布的筋板以形成螺旋状声道。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，所述连通声道与所述螺旋声道的最内端连接。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，所述扬声器的前端位于所述第一分腔内，后端位于所述下音腔内。
优选地，上述音腔结构中，所述出声孔为开设于所述安装板上与所述第一分腔连通并与所述下音腔相错的通孔。
本申请提供的音腔结构具有内腔，并通过安装板将内腔分隔出上音腔和下音腔。上音腔内具分隔筋，分隔筋沿上下方向延伸，并将上音腔分隔出第一分腔和第二分腔；安装板上开设有用于密封安装扬声器的安装通孔以使扬声器的前后两端分别位于下音腔和第一分腔内；音腔结构内具连通声道，第二分腔与下音腔通过连通声道连通，且容置有扬声器前端的第一分腔或下音腔连通有上音腔或下音腔连通有与出声孔。
应用本申请提供的音腔结构，通过安装板分隔出上音腔与下音腔，并通过分隔筋在上音腔内分隔出第一分腔与第二分腔，且第二分腔与下音腔连通。将扬声器密封安装于安装通孔内后，扬声器的前后两端分别位于下音腔和第一分腔内，则根据扬声器的安装方向第一分腔用作前音腔，下音腔和第二分腔相应的用作后音腔，或者第一分腔用作后音腔，下音腔和第二分腔相应的用作前音腔。通过将下音腔导出至上端并与上音腔的第一分腔并列设置，在同等音腔体积的情况下，可以减少在厚度方向的空间占用，进而有利于产品的轻薄化设计。
为了达到上述第二个目的，本申请还提供了一种声学电子设备，该声学电子设备包括上述任一种音腔结构。由于上述的音腔结构具有上述技术效果，具有该音腔结构的声学电子设备也应具有相应的技术效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一部分附图，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一个具体实施例的音腔结构的外形结构示意图；
图2为图1的仰视图；
图3为图1中A-A截面结构示意图；
图4为图2中B-B截面结构示意图；
图5为图1中拆卸上盖的俯视结构示意图。
附图中标记如下：
下音腔1，上音腔2，第一分腔21，第二分腔22，安装板3，分隔筋4，筋板5，双面胶6，上盖7，下盖8，支架9，出声孔10，连通声道11，扬声器12；
图5中实心箭头所示为后音腔声音流向，空心箭头所示为前音腔声音流向。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行 描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图1-图5，图1为本申请一个具体实施例的音腔结构的外形结构示意图；图2为图1的仰视图；图3为图1中A-A截面结构示意图；图4为图2中B-B截面结构示意图；图5为图1中拆卸上盖的俯视结构示意图。
在一个具体实施例中，本申请提供的音腔结构具有内腔，并通过安装板3将内腔分隔出上音腔2和下音腔1。也就是音腔结构具有外壁以围成内腔，具体可以采用一体式的壳体，也可以采用支架9与盖体配合的方式等。音腔结构的具体形状可以根据需要设置，此处不做具体限定。安装板3将内腔分割出上音腔2与下音腔1，需要说明的是，此处及下文提到的上与下指部件间的相对位置关系，并不用作使用过程中绝对方位的限定，且上下方向与扬声器12安装状态下的厚度方向，即前后方向一致。具体安装板3的形状也可以根据内腔结构相应设置，优选采用平板，以减少厚度方向空间占用。
上音腔2内具分隔筋4，分隔筋4沿上下方向延伸，并将上音腔2分隔出第一分腔21和第二分腔22。也就是上音腔2内通过分隔筋4分出第一分腔21和第二分腔22，且第一分腔21和第二分腔22在垂直于厚度的方向上并列或嵌套设置。需要说明的是，分隔筋4沿上下方向延伸指分隔筋4将第一分腔21和第二分腔22划分为在垂直于厚度方向上并列或嵌套设置，其既包括在上下方向上呈竖直设置，也包括呈倾斜设置，只需使分隔筋4的上端延伸至与上音腔2的顶壁密封连接，下端延伸至与安装板3密封连接即可。此处的密封连接既包括分隔筋4与上音腔2的顶壁及安装板3为分体式结构并密封固定连接，也包括分隔筋4与上音腔2的顶壁及安装板3为一体式结构以密封连接。
安装板3上开设有用于密封安装扬声器12的安装通孔以使扬声器12的前后两端分别位于下音腔1和第一分腔21内。也就是将扬声器12密封安装于安装通孔内，其前端位于第一分腔21，后端位于下音腔1，则第一分腔21用作前音腔，下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22用作后音腔；或者，扬声器12的后端位于第一分腔21，前端位于下音腔1，则第一分腔21用作后音腔，下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22用作前音腔。扬声器12的安装方式具体可根据需要设置，为了便于说明，各附图中均以扬声器12的前端位于第一分腔21， 后端位于下音腔1，则第一分腔21用作前音腔，下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22用作后音腔为例示出。
具体前音腔与后音腔的大小可以通过分隔筋4的位置调整实现，以满足扬声器12对前音腔与后音腔容积大小的要求。
通过安装通孔的设置以密封安装扬声器12，具体在扬声器12的侧壁具有台阶面时，则优选的将扬声器12插入安装通孔内并将台阶面与安装板3密封固定连接，具体可以通过双面胶6将扬声器12密封固定连接。根据需要，也可以将扬声器12的侧壁直接与安装通孔的孔壁密封固定连接，如通过双面胶6密封固定连接等。
音腔结构具连通声道11，第二分腔22与下音腔1通过连通声道11连通，且容置有扬声器12前端的第一分腔21或下音腔1连通有出声孔10。也就是通过在音腔结构内设置连通声道11以将第二分腔22与下音腔1连通，并在扬声器12前端位于第一分腔21的情况下，音腔结构上开设有与第一分腔21连通的出声孔10，以使扬声器12发出的声音正常扩散；在扬声器12的前端位于下音腔1的情况下，则音腔结构上开设有与下音腔1连通的出声孔10，以使扬声器12发出的声音正常扩散，且由于第二分腔22与下音腔1连通，则出声孔10也与第二分腔22连通。具体出声孔10的设置位置根据扬声器12前端的安装位置相应设置。
对于用作扬声器12后音腔的下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22或者对于用作扬声器12后音腔的上音腔2，具体可以呈封闭。根据需要可以开设调音孔以实现更加优质的声学性能。相应的，前音腔也可以增设调音孔以实现更加优质的声学性能。具体调音孔的设置位置及形状等可参考现有技术中常规调音孔的设置，此处不做具体限定。
应用本申请提供的音腔结构，通过安装板3分隔出上音腔2与下音腔1，并通过分隔筋4在上音腔2内分隔出第一分腔21与第二分腔22，且第二分腔22与下音腔1连通。将扬声器12密封安装于安装通孔内后，扬声器12的前后两端分别位于下音腔1和第一分腔21内，则根据扬声器12的安装方向第一分腔21用作前音腔，下音腔1和第二分腔22相应的用作后音腔，或者第一分腔21用作后音腔，下音腔1和第二分腔22相应的用作前音腔。通过将下音腔1导出至上端并 与上音腔2的第一分腔21并列设置，在同等音腔体积的情况下，可以减少在厚度方向的空间占用，进而有利于产品的轻薄化设计。
以扬声器12的前端位于第一分腔21，后端位于下音腔1为例，则第一分腔21为前音腔，下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22为后音腔，由于后音腔导出至扬声器12的前侧，并与前音腔并列或嵌套设置，因而在同等音腔体积的情况下，可以减少在厚度方向的空间占用，进而有利于产品的轻薄化设计。
具体的，音腔结构包括上盖7、下盖8和支架9，支架9的上下两端均具有凹槽，下盖8密封固定于下端凹槽的槽口以围成下音腔1，上盖7密封固定于上端的凹槽的槽口以围成上音腔2。也就是安装板3为支架9的一部分，具体为支架9上下两端凹槽之间的部分，即槽底。通过支架9与上盖7和下盖8的分体式结构设计，三者配合围成上音腔2与下音腔1，分体式结构便于扬声器12的安装，且前后音腔均设置在支架9上，便于加工，并有利于节省厚度空间。具体上盖7与支架9之间可以通过双面胶6等方式密封固定连接，下盖8与支架9之间可以通过双面胶、焊接等方式密封固定连接，具体可以采用超声焊接等。
进一步地，安装板3的外端向上延伸形成上音腔外侧壁，安装板3的下底面中部向下延伸形成下音腔外侧壁，下盖8与下音腔外侧壁密封固定连接，上盖7与上音腔外侧壁及分隔筋4的顶部密封固定连接。也就是支架9包括上音腔外侧壁、下音腔外侧壁和安装板3。其中，上音腔外侧壁由安装板3的外端向上延伸形成，下音腔外侧壁由安装板3的下底面中部向下延伸形成。需要说明的是，此处的下底面中部指除下底面外端的内部位置。通过上述设置，下音腔1的长度小于上音腔2的长度，由于下音腔1通过连通声道11导入至上方，因此在满足下音腔1容积要求的情况下，能够在厚度方向上进一步释放空间，以利于其他部件的布局，进而有利于整体产品的轻薄化设计。
为了尽可能的缩小厚度空间占用，扬声器12的后端贴合上盖7或下盖8安装。也就是在扬声器12的前端位于第一分腔21，后端位于下音腔1的情况下，则后端贴合下盖8安装；或者，在扬声器12的后端位于第一分腔21，前端位于下音腔1的情况下，则后端贴合上盖7安装。根据需要，扬声器12的后端也可以距离上盖7或下盖8预设间隙安装，具体预设间隙的大小在兼顾扬声器12音质的情况下越小越好。
具体的，第一分腔21的长度大于其高度，也就是第一分腔21的长度方向较大，且优选远大于扬声器12的长度，从而能够在较小厚度的情况下提供足够的第一分腔21大小。扬声器12的前后两端具体可以贴合上盖7与下盖8安装，或者接近上盖7与下盖8安装，即与上盖7与下盖8留有狭窄间隙安装，从而使得音腔结构的厚度能够与扬声器12的厚度大致相当或仅略大于扬声器12的厚度。
在附图1-5所示实施例中，音腔结构俯视呈矩形。当然，音腔结构并不限于此形状，可以根据产品ID的需要进行调整，以满足产品造型及轻薄化的要求。
在上述各实施例中，第二分腔22套设于第一分腔21外。第二分腔22与第一分腔21间通过分隔筋4隔开，在音腔结构垂直于厚度方向的截面呈矩形的情况下，分隔筋4呈矩形筒状，在音腔结构垂直于厚度方向的截面呈圆形的情况下，分隔筋4呈圆筒状，具体分隔筋4的分布形状根据音腔形状等相应设置即可。通过将第二分腔22设置为套设于第一分腔21外，整体音腔结构更为紧凑。通过调整分隔筋4向内缩或向外扩以调整第一分腔21和第二分腔22的大小，进而满足扬声器12对前后音腔容积大小的要求。
作为一种优选实施例，连通声道11为狭长声孔，也就是通过在音腔结构上，具体可以为在支架9上开设狭长声孔连通下音腔1与第二分腔22，由于声道呈狭长，能够减小声波的衰减。连通声道11的截面具体可以呈矩形，在分隔筋4呈筒状的情况下，根据需要也可以将连通声道11设置为截面呈套设于分隔筋4外的环形。
在上述各实施例的基础上，与容置有扬声器12后端的下音腔1连通的第二分腔22内设置有螺旋分布的筋板5以形成螺旋状声道，或者容置有扬声器12后端的第一分腔21内设置有螺旋分布的筋板5以形成螺旋状声道。也就是扬声器12前端位于第一分腔21，后端位于下音腔1，则第一分腔21用作前音腔，下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22用作后音腔的情况下，第二分腔22内设置有螺旋分布的筋板5以形成螺旋状声道。或者，扬声器12的后端位于第一分腔21，前端位于下音腔1，则第一分腔21用作后音腔，下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22用作前音腔的情况下，则第一分腔21内设置有螺旋分布的筋板5以形成螺旋状声道。后音腔内设置螺旋状的声 道，在有限容积内延长了回路的长度。需要说明的是，此处的螺旋状声道指声道是从里至外盘绕延伸的，其既可以呈圆形盘绕，也可以呈矩形或其他形状盘绕。
进一步地，连通声道11与螺旋声道的最内端连接。也就是下音腔1由连通声道11与螺旋声道的最内端连通，再进一步沿螺旋声道向外盘绕。将连通声道11与螺旋声道的最内端连接，形成了整体连贯顺畅的声音传输路径，进一步保证了空间利用率。根据需要，也可以将连通声道11与螺旋声道的中部等位置连接。
在上述各实施例中，作为一种优选实施例，具体的扬声器12安装时前端位于第一分腔21内，后端位于下音腔1内。则第一分腔21用作前音腔，下音腔1及与下音腔1连通的第二分腔22用作后音腔。通过将后音腔导出至扬声器12的前侧，并与前音腔并列或嵌套设置，则主要用于扬声器12声音扩散的前音腔也就是第一分腔21结构较为规整，便于出声孔10的设置，且声音直接通过第一分腔21直接扩散，便于提升声学性能。
进一步地，出声孔10为开设于安装板3上与第一分腔21连通并与下音腔1相错的通孔。也就是出声孔10开设于安装板3上与第一分腔21对应的位置，进而一端与第一分腔21连通，另一端连通至外界。且由于出声孔10与下音腔1相错，避免了将第一分腔21与下音腔1连通，保证前后音腔的隔绝。将出声孔10设置于安装板3上，上盖7与下盖8可以直接通过双面胶6等方式与支架9密封固定连接，便于安装。根据需要，也可以在上盖7上开设通孔作为出声孔10，且出声孔10位置与分隔筋4位置错开以保证上盖7与分隔筋4间的密封。具体出声孔10的数量及形状根据需要设置，此处不做具体限定。
在上述各实施例中，说明了通过分隔筋4的设置将音腔结构的内腔分隔出第一分腔21和第二分腔22的情况。根据需要也可以在此基础上增设分隔筋4，以在音腔结构的内腔内进一步分隔出第三分腔、第四分腔等。下音腔1在通过连通声道11与第二分腔22连通的基础上，可根据需要分别再通过连通声道11与第三分腔和/或第四分腔连通。
基于上述实施例中提供的音腔结构，本申请还提供了一种声学电子设备，该声学电子设备包括上述实施例中任意一种音腔结构。由于该声学电子设备 采用了上述实施例中的音腔结构，所以该声学电子设备的有益效果请参考上述实施例。
具体的，声学电子设备可以为头戴显示设备，如增强现实头戴显示设备、虚拟现实头戴显示设备等，也可以为音响等其他声学电子设备。
本说明书中各个实施例采用并列或者递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同或相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处可参见方法部分说明。
本领域普通技术人员还可以理解，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接用硬件、处理器执行的软件模块，或者二者的结合来实施。软件模块可以置于随机存储器(RAM)、内存、只读存储器(ROM)、电可编程ROM、电可擦除可编程ROM、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM、或技术领域内所公知的任意其它形式的存储介质中。
还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种音腔结构，其特征在于，具有内腔，包括将所述内腔分隔出上音腔(2)和下音腔(1)的安装板(3)，所述上音腔(2)内具有沿上下方向延伸的分隔筋(4)以将所述上音腔(2)分隔出第一分腔(21)和第二分腔(22)，所述安装板(3)上开设有用于密封安装扬声器(12)的安装通孔以使所述扬声器(12)的前后两端分别位于所述下音腔(1)和所述第一分腔(21)内，所述第二分腔(22)通过连通声道(11)与所述下音腔(1)连通，且容置有所述扬声器(12)前端的所述第一分腔(21)连通有出声孔(10)，或容置有所述扬声器(12)前端的所述下音腔(1)连通有出声孔(10)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，包括上盖(7)、下盖(8)和支架(9)，所述支架(9)的上下两端均具有凹槽，所述下盖(8)密封固定于下端所述凹槽的槽口以围成所述下音腔(1)，所述上盖(7)密封固定于上端的所述凹槽的槽口以围成所述上音腔(2)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，所述安装板(3)的外端向上延伸形成上音腔外侧壁，所述安装板(3)的下底面中部向下延伸形成下音腔外侧壁，所述下盖(8)与所述下音腔外侧壁密封固定连接，所述上盖(7)与所述上音腔外侧壁及所述分隔筋(4)的顶部密封固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，所述扬声器(12)的后端贴合所述上盖(7)或所述下盖(8)安装。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，所述第二分腔(22)套设于所述第一分腔(21)外，所述第二分腔(22)与所述第一分腔(21)间通过所述分隔筋(4)隔开。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，容置有所述扬声器(12)后端的所述第一分腔(21)内设置有螺旋分布的筋板(5)以形成螺旋状声道，或者与容置有所述扬声器(12)后端的所述下音腔(1)连通的所述第二分腔(22)内设置有螺旋分布的筋板(5)以形成螺旋状声道。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，所述连通声道(11)与所述螺旋声道的最内端连接。
  8. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，所述扬声器(12)的前端位于所述第一分腔(21)内，后端位于所述下音腔(1)内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的音腔结构，其特征在于，所述出声孔(10)为开设于所述安装板(3)上与所述第一分腔(21)连通并与所述下音腔(1)相错的通孔。
  10. 一种声学电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的音腔结构。
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