WO2020255964A1 - 感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物、レジスト膜、パターン形成方法、電子デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物、レジスト膜、パターン形成方法、電子デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000037805 labour Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003903 lactic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004776 molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-hydroxyphenyl-ethylene Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKQLBNJQQZRQJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholin-4-amine Chemical compound NN1CCOCC1 MKQLBNJQQZRQJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003518 norbornenyl group Chemical group C12(C=CC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=O NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCCDLTOVEPVEJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 QCCDLTOVEPVEJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000587 piperidin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005570 polycyclic cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)O ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBMSLRMNBSMKQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-1-amine Chemical compound NN1CCCC1 SBMSLRMNBSMKQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002112 pyrrolidino group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008027 tertiary esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D327/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D327/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom
- C07D327/06—Six-membered rings
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0045—Photosensitive materials with organic non-macromolecular light-sensitive compounds not otherwise provided for, e.g. dissolution inhibitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D327/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D327/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom
- C07D327/06—Six-membered rings
- C07D327/08—[b,e]-condensed with two six-membered carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/14—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen
- C07D333/16—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen by oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D333/76—Dibenzothiophenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
- G03F7/0392—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
- G03F7/0392—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition
- G03F7/0397—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition the macromolecular compound having an alicyclic moiety in a side chain
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/16—Coating processes; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/162—Coating on a rotating support, e.g. using a whirler or a spinner
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2002—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image
- G03F7/2004—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image characterised by the use of a particular light source, e.g. fluorescent lamps or deep UV light
- G03F7/2006—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image characterised by the use of a particular light source, e.g. fluorescent lamps or deep UV light using coherent light; using polarised light
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
- G03F7/32—Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers
- G03F7/322—Aqueous alkaline compositions
-
- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
- G03F7/32—Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers
- G03F7/325—Non-aqueous compositions
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/40—Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, a resist film, a pattern forming method, and a method for manufacturing an electronic device.
- the resist for KrF excimer laser (248 nm) Since the resist for KrF excimer laser (248 nm), a pattern forming method using chemical amplification has been used in order to compensate for the decrease in sensitivity due to light absorption.
- the positive chemical amplification method first, the photoacid generator contained in the exposed portion is decomposed by light irradiation to generate an acid. Then, in the post-exposure baking (PEB: Post Exposure Bake) process or the like, the alkali-insoluble group of the resin contained in the sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition is alkaline-soluble by the catalytic action of the generated acid. The solubility in a developing solution is changed by changing the base. Then, for example, development is carried out using a basic aqueous solution.
- PEB Post Exposure Bake
- the exposed portion is removed to obtain a desired pattern.
- the wavelength of the exposure light source has been shortened and the numerical aperture (NA) of the projection lens has been increased.
- NA numerical aperture
- an exposure machine using an ArF excimer laser having a wavelength of 193 nm as a light source has been developed. ing. Under these circumstances, various configurations have been proposed as sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin compositions.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an acid generator containing a salt represented by the following formula (I) as a component used in a resist composition.
- the present inventors further improve the fluctuation of the pattern line width (LWR (line width roughness)) of the pattern formed by using the resist composition. It was found that there was room.
- LWR line width roughness
- a resin whose polarity is increased by decomposition due to the action of acid An actinic or radiation-sensitive resin composition comprising a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with active light or radiation.
- the compound that generates an acid by irradiation with active light or radiation contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds (I) to (III) described later.
- the content of the compound selected from the group consisting of the above compounds (I) to (III) is more than 20.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content in the above composition.
- Resin composition [2]
- the content of the compound selected from the group consisting of the above compounds (I) to (III) is more than 22.7% by mass with respect to the total solid content in the above composition, according to [1].
- Sensitive light or radiation sensitive resin composition [3] The sensitive light beam according to [1] or [2], wherein the difference between the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 is 2.0 or more in the compound (I) and the compound (II). Sexual or radiation sensitive resin composition. [4] The actinic cheilitis or radiation-sensitive property according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the acid dissociation constant a2 is 2.0 or less in the compound (I) and the compound (II). Resin composition. [5] The compound that generates an acid by irradiation with active light or radiation is further composed of a compound represented by the general formula (1) described later and a compound represented by the general formula (2) described later.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition according to any one of [1] to [4], which comprises one or more selected compounds.
- [6] In the above general formula (1) Compound M 3 + a is expressed by HA 3 -L a -R a is replaced with H + in the Q, the acid dissociation constant of the acid moiety represented by HA 3, 2.0 or less, a 4 in the general formula (2) - HA 4 -L b -M 4 + obtained by replacing the HA 4 a - in (R b) a compound represented by m R, at HA 4
- the acid dissociation constant of the acidic moiety represented by HA 3 is ⁇ 2.0 or less
- the acid dissociation constant of the acidic moiety represented by HA 4 is The sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition according to [6], which is ⁇ 2.0 or less.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition capable of forming a pattern having excellent LWR performance. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a resist film and a pattern forming method using the above-mentioned actinic light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, and a method for manufacturing an electronic device using the above-mentioned pattern forming method.
- the method for purifying a compound that generates an acid by irradiation with active light or radiation the method for producing a sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, the pattern forming method, and the method for manufacturing an electronic device according to the present invention will be described in detail.
- the description of the constituent elements described below may be based on typical embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
- the notation without substitution and non-substituent includes a group having a substituent as well as a group having no substituent. To do.
- the "alkyl group” includes not only an alkyl group having no substituent (unsubstituted alkyl group) but also an alkyl group having a substituent (substituted alkyl group).
- the "organic group” in the present specification means a group containing at least one carbon atom. Unless otherwise specified, the substituent is preferably a monovalent substituent.
- the term “active light” or “radiation” refers to, for example, the emission line spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet rays typified by an excimer laser, extreme ultraviolet rays (EUV light: Extreme Ultraviolet), X rays, and electron beams (EB). : Electron Beam) and the like.
- light means active light or radiation.
- exposure refers to not only exposure to the emission line spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet rays represented by excimer lasers, extreme ultraviolet rays, X-rays, EUV light, etc., but also electron beams and It also includes drawing with particle beams such as ion beams.
- "-" is used in the meaning of including the numerical values described before and after it as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
- the bonding direction of the divalent group described in the present specification is not limited unless otherwise specified.
- Y when Y is -COO- in the compound represented by the general formula "XYZ", Y may be -CO-O-, and is -O-CO-. You may. Moreover, the said compound may be "X-CO-O-Z" or "X-O-CO-Z".
- (meth) acrylate represents acrylate and methacrylate
- (meth) acrylic represents acrylic and methacrylic
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw), the number average molecular weight (Mn), and the degree of dispersion (also referred to as molecular weight distribution) (Mw / Mn) of the resin are referred to as GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) apparatus (HLC-manufactured by Toso Corporation).
- GPC GPC measurement (solvent: tetrahydrofuran, flow rate (sample injection volume): 10 ⁇ L, column: TSK gel Multipore HXL-M manufactured by Toso, column temperature: 40 ° C., flow velocity: 1.0 mL / min, detector: differential refractometer It is defined as a polystyrene-equivalent value by a rate detector (Refractive Index Detector).
- the acid dissociation constant (pKa) represents pKa in an aqueous solution, and specifically, using the following software package 1, a value based on a database of Hammett's substituent constants and known literature values is used. , It is a value obtained by calculation. All pKa values described herein indicate values calculated using this software package.
- pKa can also be obtained by the molecular orbital calculation method.
- a specific method for this there is a method of calculating by calculating H + dissociation free energy in an aqueous solution based on a thermodynamic cycle.
- the calculation method of H + dissociation free energy can be calculated by, for example, DFT (density functional theory), but various other methods have been reported in the literature and are not limited to this. ..
- DFT density functional theory
- pKa in the present specification refers to a value obtained by calculation based on a database of Hammett's substituent constants and known literature values using software package 1, and pKa is calculated by this method. If it cannot be calculated, the value obtained by Gaussian 16 based on DFT (density functional theory) shall be adopted. Further, pKa in the present specification refers to "pKa in an aqueous solution” as described above, but when pKa in an aqueous solution cannot be calculated, “pKa in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution” is adopted. It shall be.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- the characteristic feature of the actinic or radiation-sensitive resin composition of the present invention is that a compound that generates an acid by irradiation with active light or radiation (hereinafter, simply “photoacid generation”).
- the agent also contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds (I) to (III) described later (hereinafter, also referred to as “photoacid generator B”), and the above-mentioned photoacid.
- the content of the generating agent B is more than 20.0% by mass based on the total solid content in the composition.
- the pattern formed by the resist composition of the present invention is excellent in LWR performance.
- the mechanism of action is not always clear, but the present inventors speculate as follows.
- a conventional ordinary resist composition when the photoacid generator and the acid diffusion control agent are added to the composition only as individual compounds, the photoacid generators or the acid diffusion control agents tend to aggregate with each other. .. Therefore, in the conventional ordinary resist composition, a portion having a high (or low) concentration of the photoacid generator and a portion having a high (or low) concentration of the acid diffusion control agent are present in the formed resist film. Therefore, the concentration distribution of the photoacid generator and the acid diffusion control agent tends to be non-uniform.
- the photoacid generator B has both a structural part X having a function corresponding to the photoacid generator and a structural part (structural part Y or structural part Z) having a function corresponding to the acid diffusion control agent. Is contained in one molecule, so that the abundance ratio of each of the above structural parts can be made constant in the resist film. Therefore, by using the photoacid generator B, even when the resist film is exposed, the amount and diffusion of the acid generated in the resist film are likely to be uniform, and the width of the pattern obtained after development is stable. Cheap.
- the present inventors have now developed photoacids in the resist film by exposure when the content of the photoacid generator B is more than 20.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content in the composition. It has been found that the concentration distribution of the acid generated from the agent B becomes more uniform, and the width of the pattern obtained after development is more stable. It is presumed that the resist composition of the present invention can form a pattern having excellent LWR performance by synergistically expressing the effects based on the above-mentioned mechanism of action.
- the resist composition of the present invention may be a positive type resist composition or a negative type resist composition. Further, it may be a resist composition for alkaline development or a resist composition for organic solvent development.
- the resist composition of the present invention is typically a chemically amplified resist composition. In the following, first, various components of the resist composition of the present invention will be described in detail.
- the resist composition of the present invention contains a compound (photoacid generator) that generates an acid by irradiation with active light or radiation.
- the content of the photoacid generator (if a plurality of types are contained, the total content thereof) is 20.0% by mass or more based on the total solid content of the composition. It is preferably 22.7% by mass or more, and more preferably 22.7% by mass or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 40.0% by mass or less.
- the content of the photoacid generator referred to here is, for example, two types of photoacid generators contained in the resist composition of the present invention, a photoacid generator B described later and a photoacid generator C described later.
- the total content (mass%) of the photoacid generator B and the photoacid generator C is intended.
- the "solid content" in a resist composition is intended as a component forming a resist film, and does not contain a solvent. Further, if it is a component forming a resist film, even if its property is liquid, it is regarded as a solid content.
- the molecular weight of the photoacid generator contained in the resist composition of the present invention is preferably less than 3000, more preferably 2000 or less, still more preferably 1500 or less.
- the photoacid generator contained in the resist composition of the present invention a compound in which the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of the acid generated by irradiation with active light or radiation is in the range of ⁇ 20 to 4.0 is preferable. ..
- the acid generated from the compound has a plurality of acid dissociation constants, at least one of the acid dissociation constants may be included in the above numerical range.
- the acid dissociation constant of the structure of the compound after conversion satisfies the above numerical range. Is preferable.
- the photoacid generator contains one or more compounds (photoacid generator B) selected from the group consisting of the compounds (I) to (III) described later.
- the content of the compound selected from the group consisting of the above compounds (I) to (III) (the total content when a plurality of types are contained) is more than 20.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the composition. , 22.7% by mass or more is preferable, and 23.0% by mass or more is more preferable.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 70.0% by mass or less, preferably 50.0% by mass or less, more preferably 45.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 40.0% by mass or less. Less than 26.0% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the content of the compound selected from the group consisting of the above compounds (I) and (III) (when a plurality of kinds are contained).
- the upper limit of the total content) is more than 20.0% by mass, more preferably more than 22.7% by mass, and more preferably 23.0% by mass or more, based on the total solid content of the composition.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40.0% by mass or less, and more preferably less than 26.0% by mass.
- the lower limit of the content of the compound (II) (the total content thereof when a plurality of types are contained) is 20 with respect to the total solid content of the composition. It is more than 0.0% by mass, preferably more than 22.7% by mass, more preferably 23.0% by mass or more, preferably more than 38.0% by mass, and the upper limit is preferably 70.0% by mass or less.
- the compounds represented by the above compounds (I) to (III) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the resist composition of the present invention may contain other photoacid generators other than the photoacid generator B.
- the other photoacid generator is not particularly limited, but is represented by the compound represented by the general formula (1) described later and the general formula (2) described later in that the LWR performance of the formed pattern is more excellent. It is preferable that the compound is selected from the group consisting of the following compounds (hereinafter, also referred to as “photoacid generator C”).
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the general formula (2) is the total mass of the composition. , 0.1 to 20.0% by mass is preferable, 0.1 to 15.0% by mass is more preferable, 0.1 to 12.0% by mass is further preferable, and 0.1 to 8.0% by mass is particularly preferable. preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the general formula (2) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the photoacid generator B and the photoacid generator C in the resist composition of the present invention has a content ratio T represented by the following formula (1) of 15 in that the formed LWR performance is more excellent. It is preferable that the relationship satisfies 0.0 to 40.0.
- the content ratio T is more preferably 23.0 to 40.0.
- the photoacid generator B and the photoacid generator C will be described below.
- the photoacid generator B is a compound selected from the group consisting of the following compounds (I) to (III). Hereinafter, compounds (I) to (III) will be described.
- Compound (I) A compound having one of the following structural sites X and one of the following structural sites Y, and the following first acidic site and the following structure derived from the following structural site X by irradiation with active light or radiation.
- anionic part a 1 - consists of a cationic sites M 1 + and Table in HA 1 by and exposed to actinic rays or radiation the first structural portion structural site to form an acidic site Y that is: anionic part a 2 - a cationic sites M 2 + consists of a and by irradiation with actinic rays or radiation, the formed by the above structural moiety X
- the structural site forming the second acidic site represented by HA 2 having a structure different from that of the first acidic site.
- the compound (I) satisfies the following condition I.
- the compound PI obtained by replacing the cation site M 1 + in the structural site X and the cation site M 2 + in the structural site Y with H + is contained in the structural site X.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 which is obtained by replacing the above-mentioned cation site M 1 + with H + , and the above-mentioned cation site M 2 + in the above structural site Y are replaced with H +. It has an acid dissociation constant a2 derived from an acidic moiety represented by HA 2 , and the acid dissociation constant a2 is larger than the acid dissociation constant a1.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 are obtained by the above-mentioned method. More specifically, the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 of the compound PI refer to the compound PI (the compound PI is a compound having HA 1 and HA 2 ) when the acid dissociation constant of the compound PI is obtained. . corresponding to ”) is" a 1 - and pKa when a compound "having a HA 2 is the acid dissociation constant a1, the" a 1 - a compound having an HA 2 "is” a 1 - and a 2 - pKa when a compound "having a is an acid dissociation constant a2. Further, the compound PI corresponds to an acid generated by irradiating compound (I) with active light or radiation.
- the difference between the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, in that the LWR performance of the formed pattern is more excellent.
- the upper limit of the difference between the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 15.0 or less.
- the acid dissociation constant a2 is, for example, 6.5 or less, and 2.0 or less is preferable in that the stability of the cation moiety of the compound (I) in the resist composition is more excellent. , 1.0 or less is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a2 is, for example, ⁇ 3.5 or higher, preferably ⁇ 2.0 or higher.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and even more preferably ⁇ 0.1 or less, in that the LWR performance of the formed pattern is more excellent.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably -15.0 or higher.
- the compound (I) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a compound represented by the following general formula (Ia).
- Ia general formula (Ia)
- M 11 + and M 12 + each independently represents an organic cation.
- a 11 - and A 12 - independently represents an anionic functional group.
- a 12 ⁇ represents a structure different from the anionic functional group represented by A 11 ⁇ .
- L 1 represents a divalent linking group.
- Table above general formula (Ia) in M 11 + and M 12 + organic cation represented by made by replacing the H + compound PIa (HA 11 -L 1 -A 12 H), at A 12 H
- the acid dissociation constant a2 derived from the acidic moiety to be produced is larger than the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic moiety represented by HA 11 .
- the preferable values of the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 are as described above.
- a 11 - and A 12 - The anionic functional group represented by, for example, groups represented by the following general formula (B-1) ⁇ formula (B-13).
- RX1 represents a substituent.
- RX1 a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group is preferable.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- a fluorine atom or a cyano group is preferable.
- the alkyl group has a fluorine atom as a substituent, it may be a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the carbon atom may be substituted with a carbonyl group.
- RX4 represents a substituent.
- the RX4 is preferably a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- a fluorine atom or a cyano group is preferable.
- RX4 is an alkyl group having a fluorine atom as a substituent, it is preferably not a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the carbon atom may be substituted with a carbonyl group.
- RX2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent other than a fluorine atom and a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the fluorine atom and a perfluoroalkyl substituents other than the groups represented by R X2, linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group are preferred.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may have a substituent other than the fluorine atom.
- RXF1 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a perfluoroalkyl group. However, at least one of the plurality of RXF1 represents a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the perfluoroalkyl group represented by RXF1 preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- RXF2 represents a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the perfluoroalkyl group represented by RXF2 preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- a 11 - and A 12 - The combination of the anionic functional group represented by is not particularly limited, for example, A 11 - is a group represented by the general formula (B-8) or (B-10) If, A 12 - Table the anionic functional group represented by the general formula (B-1) ⁇ (B -7), (B-9), or (B-11) ⁇ (B -13) include groups, a 11 - when is a group represented by the general formula (B-7), a 12 - as the anionic functional group represented by the table in the general formula (B-6) The groups to be used are mentioned.
- the divalent linking group represented by L 1 is not particularly limited, and is -CO-, -NR-, -CO-, -O-, or an alkylene group (preferably having 1 to 1 to carbon atoms). 6. Linear or branched chain), cycloalkylene group (preferably 3 to 15 carbon atoms), alkenylene group (preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms), divalent aliphatic heterocyclic group (at least one)
- a 5- to 10-membered ring having an N atom, an O atom, an S atom, or a Se atom in the ring structure is preferable, a 5- to 7-membered ring is more preferable, and a 5- to 6-membered ring is further preferable), and a plurality of these.
- Examples thereof include a divalent linking group in which The above R may be a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.
- the monovalent substituent is not particularly limited, but for example, an alkyl group (preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms) is preferable.
- These divalent linking groups may further include a group selected from the group consisting of -S-, -SO-, and -SO 2- .
- the alkylene group, the cycloalkylene group, the alkenylene group, and the divalent aliphatic heterocyclic group may be substituted with a substituent.
- the substituent include a halogen atom (preferably a fluorine atom).
- the divalent linking group represented by L 1 is, as a substituent, also preferred has an acid-decomposable group.
- the acid-degradable group is intended to be a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to produce a polar group, and preferably has a structure in which the polar group is protected by a leaving group that is eliminated by the action of an acid.
- Examples of the above-mentioned acid-degradable group include the same group as the acid-decomposable group in ⁇ repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group> which can be contained in the acid-decomposable resin described later, and the preferred embodiment thereof is also the same.
- organic cation represented by M 11 + and M 12 + are each independently formula (Zai) organic cation represented by (cation (Zai)) or the general formula organic cation (cation represented by (ZaII) (ZaII)) is preferable.
- R 201 , R 202 , and R 203 each independently represent an organic group.
- the carbon number of the organic group as R 201 , R 202 , and R 203 is usually 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20.
- two of R 201 to R 203 may be bonded to form a ring structure, and the ring may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester group, an amide group, or a carbonyl group.
- the two of the group formed by bonding of the R 201 ⁇ R 203 for example, an alkylene group (e.g., butylene and pentylene), and -CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH 2 - is Can be mentioned.
- the organic cation represented by the cation (ZaI-1), the cation (ZaI-2), and the general formula (ZaI-3b) (cation (ZaI-)) described later will be described.
- Examples thereof include 3b)) and an organic cation (cation (ZaI-4b)) represented by the general formula (ZaI-4b).
- the cation (ZaI-1) is an aryl sulfonium cation in which at least one of R 201 to R 203 of the above general formula (ZaI) is an aryl group.
- the aryl sulfonium cation all of R 201 to R 203 may be an aryl group, or a part of R 201 to R 203 may be an aryl group and the rest may be an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- R 201 to R 203 may be an aryl group, and the remaining two of R 201 to R 203 may be bonded to form a ring structure, and an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom may be formed in the ring. It may contain an ester group, an amide group, or a carbonyl group.
- a group formed by bonding two of R 201 to R 203 for example, one or more methylene groups are substituted with an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester group, an amide group, and / or a carbonyl group.
- alkylene group e.g., butylene group, pentylene group, or -CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH 2 -
- aryl sulfonium cation examples include a triaryl sulfonium cation, a diarylalkyl sulfonium cation, an aryl dialkyl sulfonium cation, a diallyl cycloalkyl sulfonium cation, and an aryl dicycloalkyl sulfonium cation.
- aryl group contained in the arylsulfonium cation a phenyl group or a naphthyl group is preferable, and a phenyl group is more preferable.
- the aryl group may be an aryl group having a heterocyclic structure having an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom or the like. Examples of the heterocyclic structure include pyrrole residues, furan residues, thiophene residues, indole residues, benzofuran residues, benzothiophene residues and the like.
- the aryl sulfonium cation has two or more aryl groups, the two or more aryl groups may be the same or different.
- the alkyl group or cycloalkyl group that the arylsulfonium cation has as needed is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms.
- Cycloalkyl group is preferable, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclohexyl group and the like are preferable.
- the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 201 to R 203 may independently have an alkyl group (for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms) and a cycloalkyl group (for example, carbon number of carbon atoms).
- aryl group for example, 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- alkoxy group for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms
- cycloalkylalkoxy group for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms
- halogen atom for example, fluorine, iodine
- hydroxyl group A carboxyl group, an ester group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an alkylthio group, a phenylthio group and the like are preferable.
- the substituent may further have a substituent if possible.
- the alkyl group may have a halogen atom as a substituent and may be an alkyl halide group such as a trifluoromethyl group. preferable. It is also preferable that the above-mentioned substituents form an acid-degradable group by any combination.
- the acid-degradable group is intended to be a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to produce a polar group, and preferably has a structure in which the polar group is protected by a leaving group that is eliminated by the action of an acid.
- Examples of the above-mentioned acid-degradable group include the same group as the acid-decomposable group in ⁇ repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group> which can be contained in the acid-decomposable resin described later, and the preferred embodiment thereof is also the same.
- the cation (ZaI-2) is a cation in which R 201 to R 203 in the formula (ZaI) independently represent an organic group having no aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring also includes an aromatic ring containing a hetero atom.
- the organic group having no aromatic ring as R 201 to R 203 generally has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 201 to R 203 are each independently preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an allyl group, or a vinyl group, and are linear or branched 2-oxoalkyl groups, 2-oxocycloalkyl groups, or alkoxy groups.
- a carbonyl methyl group is more preferred, and a linear or branched 2-oxoalkyl group is even more preferred.
- Examples of the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R 201 to R 203 include a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched chain alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group). Groups, butyl groups, and pentyl groups), as well as cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (eg, cyclopentyl groups, cyclohexyl groups, and norbornyl groups).
- R 201 to R 203 may be further substituted with a halogen atom, an alkoxy group (for example, 1 to 5 carbon atoms), a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group. Further, it is also preferable that the substituents of R 201 to R 203 independently form an acid-degradable group by any combination of the substituents.
- the cation (ZaI-3b) is a cation represented by the following general formula (ZaI-3b).
- R 1c to R 5c are independently hydrogen atom, alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyloxy group, cycloalkylcarbonyloxy group, halogen atom, hydroxyl group. , Nitro group, alkylthio group, or arylthio group.
- R 6c and R 7c independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (t-butyl group, etc.), a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an aryl group.
- R x and R y each independently represent an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a 2-oxoalkyl group, a 2-oxocycloalkyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an allyl group, or a vinyl group. It is also preferable that the substituents of R 1c to R 7c , R x , and R y independently form an acid-degradable group by any combination of substituents.
- R 1c to R 5c , R 5c and R 6c , R 6c and R 7c , R 5c and R x , and R x and R y may be combined to form a ring, respectively.
- This ring may independently contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a ketone group, an ester bond, or an amide bond.
- the ring include an aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic or non-aromatic heterocycle, and the like. And a polycyclic condensed ring formed by combining two or more of these rings.
- the ring include a 3- to 10-membered ring, preferably a 4- to 8-membered ring, and more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring.
- Examples of the group formed by combining any two or more of R 1c to R 5c , R 6c and R 7c , and R x and R y include an alkylene group such as a butylene group and a pentylene group.
- the methylene group in the alkylene group may be substituted with a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom.
- a single bond or an alkylene group is preferable.
- Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group and an ethylene group.
- the cation (ZaI-4b) is a cation represented by the following general formula (ZaI-4b).
- R 13 is a group having a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom (for example, a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, etc.), a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkyl halide group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a cycloalkyl group (cycloalkyl). It may be a group itself or a group containing a cycloalkyl group in part). These groups may have substituents.
- R 14 is a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom (for example, a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, etc.), an alkyl group, an alkyl halide group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, a cycloalkylsulfonyl group, or a cycloalkyl.
- Represents a group having a group it may be a cycloalkyl group itself or a group containing a cycloalkyl group as a part). These groups may have substituents.
- R 15 independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or a naphthyl group. These groups may have substituents. Bonded to two R 15 each other may form a ring. When two R 15 are combined to form a ring together, in the ring skeleton may contain a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, or a nitrogen atom. In one embodiment, two R 15 is an alkylene group, preferably bonded together to form a ring structure.
- the alkyl groups of R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 are linear or branched chain.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-butyl group, a t-butyl group and the like are more preferable.
- the substituents of R 13 to R 15 , R x , and R y independently form an acid-degradable group by any combination of the substituents.
- R 204 and R 205 each independently represent an aryl group, an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- aryl group of R 204 and R 205 a phenyl group or a naphthyl group is preferable, and a phenyl group is more preferable.
- the aryl group of R 204 and R 205 may be an aryl group having a heterocycle having an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom or the like.
- Examples of the skeleton of the aryl group having a heterocycle include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, benzofuran, and benzothiophene.
- Examples of the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 include a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched chain alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, etc.).
- a butyl group or a pentyl group) or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may each independently have a substituent.
- substituents that the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may have include an alkyl group (for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms) and a cycloalkyl group (for example, 3 to 15 carbon atoms). 15), aryl groups (for example, 6 to 15 carbon atoms), alkoxy groups (for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms), halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, phenylthio groups and the like can be mentioned.
- the substituents of R 204 and R 205 independently form an acid-degradable group by any combination of the substituents.
- the organic cation represented by M 11 + and M 12 + below, the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Compound (II) A compound having two or more of the structural sites X and the structural site Y, and having two first acidic sites derived from the structural site X by irradiation with active light or radiation. A compound that generates an acid containing the above and the second acidic moiety derived from the structural moiety Y. However, the compound (II) satisfies the following condition II. Condition II: In the compound (II), the compound PII obtained by replacing the cation site M 1 + in the structural site X and the cation site M 2 + in the structural site Y with H + is contained in the structural site X.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 in which the cation site M 1 + is replaced with H + , and the HA obtained by replacing the cation site M 2 + in the structural site Y with H +. It has an acid dissociation constant a2 derived from the acidic moiety represented by 2 , and the acid dissociation constant a2 is larger than the acid dissociation constant a1.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 are obtained by the above-mentioned method.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 of the compound PII will be described more specifically.
- compound (II) is, for example, a compound that generates an acid having two first acidic sites derived from the structural site X and one second acidic site derived from the structural site Y.
- Compound PII corresponds to "a compound having two HA 1 and HA 2 ". If asked for the acid dissociation constant of the compound PII, compound PII is - a pKa of acid dissociation constant a1 when the "one of A 1 and one HA 1 and HA 2 with a compound of", “two a 1 - and HA 2 compound having the "is” two a 1 - and a 2 - pKa when a compound "having a is an acid dissociation constant a2.
- the compound PII has a plurality of acid dissociation constants derived from the acidic dissociation constant represented by HA 1 formed by replacing the cation site M 1 + in the structural site X with H + , the smallest value is acid. It is regarded as the dissociation constant a1.
- compound PII corresponds to an acid generated by irradiating compound (II) with active light or radiation.
- compound (II) may have a plurality of the structural sites Y.
- the difference between the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, in that the LWR performance of the formed pattern is more excellent.
- the upper limit of the difference between the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 15.0 or less.
- the acid dissociation constant a2 is, for example, 6.5 or less, and 2.0 or less is preferable in that the stability of the cation moiety of the compound (I) in the resist composition is more excellent. , 1.0 or less is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a2 is, for example, ⁇ 3.5 or higher, preferably ⁇ 2.0 or higher.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and further preferably -0.1 or less in that the LWR performance of the formed pattern is more excellent.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably -15.0 or higher.
- the compound (II) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a compound represented by the following general formula (IIa).
- M 21 + A 21 -" and “A 22 - + M 22" each correspond to structural moiety X and the structural moiety Y.
- Compound (IIa) generates an acid represented by the following general formula (IIa-1) by irradiation with active light or radiation. That is, “M 21 + A 21 -” forms a first acidic moiety represented by HA 21, “A 22 - M 22 +” is a structure different from that of the first acid sites HA 22 It forms a second acidic moiety represented by.
- + M 21 + and M 22 each independently represents an organic cation.
- a 21 - and A 22 - independently represents an anionic functional group.
- a 22 - Represents a structure different from the anionic functional group represented by A 21 ⁇ .
- L 2 represents a (n1 + n2) valent organic group.
- n1 represents an integer of 2 or more, and n2 represents an integer of 1 or more.
- the following general formula (IIa) corresponds to the compound represented by Compound PIIa comprising replacing organic cation represented by M 21 + and M 22 + to H + (the general formula (IIa-1) ),
- the acid dissociation constant a2 derived from the acidic moiety represented by A 22 H is larger than the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic moiety represented by HA 21 .
- the preferable values of the acid dissociation constant a1 and the acid dissociation constant a2 are as described above.
- M 21 +, M 22 +, A 21 -, and A 22 - is in each above-mentioned general formula (Ia) M 11 +, M 12 +, A 11 -, and A 12 - in the above formula, preferred embodiments are also the same.
- n1 pieces of M 21 + each other, n1 pieces of A 21 + each other, represent each mutually identical groups.
- the (n1 + n2) valent organic group represented by L 2 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include groups represented by the following (A1) and the following (A2).
- groups represented by the following (A1) and (A2) at least two of * A 21 - represents a bonding position to at least one of * the A 22 - represents a bonding site to the.
- T 1 represents a trivalent hydrocarbon ring group or a trivalent heterocyclic group
- T 2 is a carbon atom, a tetravalent hydrocarbon ring group, or a tetravalent.
- these groups may further have a substituent.
- the hydrocarbon ring group may be an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring group.
- the number of carbon atoms contained in the hydrocarbon ring group is preferably 6 to 18, and more preferably 6 to 14.
- the heterocyclic group may be an aromatic heterocyclic group or an aliphatic heterocyclic group.
- the heterocycle is preferably a 5- to 10-membered ring having at least one N atom, an O atom, an S atom, or a Se atom in the ring structure, more preferably a 5- to 7-membered ring, and a 5- to 6-membered ring. Rings are more preferred.
- an acid-degradable group as a substituent.
- the acid-degradable group is intended to be a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to produce a polar group, and preferably has a structure in which the polar group is protected by a leaving group that is eliminated by the action of an acid.
- Examples of the above-mentioned acid-degradable group include the same group as the acid-decomposable group in ⁇ repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group> which can be contained in the acid-decomposable resin described later, and the preferred embodiment thereof is also the same.
- L 21 and L 22 independently represent a single bond or a divalent linking group, respectively.
- the divalent linking group represented by L 21 and L 22 is synonymous with the divalent linking group represented by L 1 in the general formula (Ia), and the preferred embodiment is also the same.
- n1 represents an integer of 2 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 6 or less, preferably 4 or less, and more preferably 3 or less.
- n2 represents an integer of 1 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 3 or less, preferably 2 or less.
- Compound (III) A compound having two or more of the structural site X and the following structural site Z, wherein the first acidic site derived from the structural site X is 2 by irradiation with active light or radiation.
- Structural site Z A nonionic site capable of neutralizing the acid
- the nonionic site capable of neutralizing the acid in the structural site Z is not particularly limited, and for example, a site containing a functional group having a group or an electron capable of electrostatically interacting with a proton (preferably an organic site). ) Is preferable.
- a functional group having a group or an electron capable of electrostatically interacting with a proton a functional group having a macrocyclic structure such as a cyclic polyether, or a nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair that does not contribute to ⁇ conjugation is used. Examples thereof include functional groups having.
- the nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair that does not contribute to ⁇ conjugation is, for example, a nitrogen atom having a partial structure shown in the following formula.
- Substructures of functional groups having groups or electrons that can electrostatically interact with protons include, for example, crown ether structures, aza crown ether structures, 1-3 amine structures, pyridine structures, imidazole structures, and pyrazine structures. Etc., and among them, a primary to tertiary amine structure is preferable.
- the acid dissociation constant a1 derived from the acidic moiety represented by is preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and further -0.1 or less in that the LWR performance of the formed pattern is more excellent. preferable.
- the lower limit of the acid dissociation constant a1 is preferably -15.0 or higher.
- compound PIII has a plurality of acid dissociation constants derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 in which the cation site M 1 + in the structural site X is replaced with H + , the smallest value is acid. It is regarded as the dissociation constant a1. That is, when compound (III) is, for example, a compound that generates an acid having two first acidic sites derived from the structural site X and the structural site Z, the compound PIII is "two HA 1". It corresponds to "a compound having.” If asked for the acid dissociation constant of the compound PIII, compound PIII is - pKa when the "one of A 1 and a compound having one HA 1" is an acid dissociation constant a1.
- compound PIII has a plurality of acid dissociation constants derived from the acidic site represented by HA 1 in which the cation site M 1 + in the structural site X is replaced with H + , the smallest value is acid. It is regarded as the dissociation constant a1.
- the compound PIII in which the cation site M 1 + in the structural site X is replaced with H + is, for example, a compound in which the compound (III) is represented by the compound (IIIa) described later. If, HA 31- L 3- N (R 2X ) -L 4- A 31 H corresponds.
- the compound (III) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a compound represented by the following general formula (IIIa).
- M 31 + A 31 - corresponds to the structural moiety X.
- Compound (IIIa) produces an acid represented by HA 31- L 3- N (R 2X ) -L 4- A 31 H by irradiation with active light or radiation. That is, "M 31 + A 31 -” forms a first acidic moiety represented by HA 31.
- M 31 + represents an organic cation.
- a 31 - represents an anionic functional group.
- L 3 and L 4 each independently represent a divalent linking group.
- R 2X represents a monovalent substituent.
- M 31 + and A 31 ⁇ are synonymous with M 11 + and A 11 ⁇ in the general formula (Ia) described above, respectively, and the preferred embodiments are also the same.
- L 3 and L 4 are synonymous with L 1 in the general formula (Ia) described above, and the preferred embodiments are also the same.
- two M 31 + each other, and two A 31 - each other represent each mutually identical groups.
- the monovalent substituent represented by R 2X is not particularly limited, and for example, -CH 2- is -CO-, -NH-, -O-, -S-,-. SO-, and -SO 2 - may be substituted with one or more combinations selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group (preferably may be 1-10 either linear or branched carbon atoms. ), Cycloalkyl group (preferably 3 to 15 carbon atoms), alkenyl group (preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms) and the like. Further, the alkylene group, the cycloalkylene group, and the alkenylene group may be substituted with a substituent.
- the molecular weight of the compounds represented by the compounds (I) to (III) is preferably 300 or more and less than 3000, more preferably 500 to 2000, and even more preferably 700 to 1500.
- the photoacid generator C is a compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula (1) and a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the following general formula (2) will be described.
- M 3 + represents an organic cation.
- a 3 - represents an anionic functional group.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- L a represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the organic cation represented by M 3 + has the same meaning as M 11 + in the compound (Ia), preferred embodiments are also the same.
- the anionic functional group represented by is not particularly limited, for example, a group represented by the following general formula (C-1) ⁇ (C -8).
- RX1 represents a substituent.
- RX1 a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group is preferable.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- a fluorine atom or a cyano group is preferable.
- the alkyl group has a fluorine atom as a substituent, it may be a perfluoroalkyl group.
- RX2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent other than a fluorine atom and a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the fluorine atom and a perfluoroalkyl substituents other than the groups represented by R X2, linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group are preferred.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may have a substituent other than the fluorine atom.
- RXF1 represents a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the perfluoroalkyl group represented by RXF1 preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- RX3 represents a substituent other than the fluorine atom.
- a linear, branched chain, or cyclic alkyl group is preferable.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 4. As n, an integer of 1 to 4 is more preferable.
- L c represents a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene group.
- the alkylene group preferably has 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group may be substituted with a substituent (for example, a fluorine atom).
- the divalent linking group represented by L a for example, -CO -, - NH -, - O -, - S -, - SO -, - SO 2 -, and an alkylene group (preferably Is 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which may be linear or branched), and examples thereof include one or more or a combination of two or more groups selected from the group. Further, the alkylene group may be substituted with a substituent (for example, a fluorine atom or the like).
- the monovalent organic group represented by Ra is not particularly limited, and for example, a fluoroalkyl group (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms) and an organic group containing a cyclic structure are used. Of these, cyclic organic groups are preferable. Examples of the cyclic organic group include an alicyclic group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group. The alicyclic group may be a monocyclic type or a polycyclic type. Examples of the monocyclic alicyclic group include a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- polycyclic alicyclic group examples include a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a norbornyl group, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group.
- alicyclic groups having a bulky structure having 7 or more carbon atoms such as a norbornyl group, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group, are preferable.
- the carbon atom may be substituted with a carbonyl group.
- the aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, and an anthryl group.
- the heterocyclic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- the polycyclic type can suppress the diffusion of acid more.
- the heterocyclic group may or may not have aromaticity.
- Examples of the heterocyclic ring having aromaticity include a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzothiophene ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, and a pyridine ring.
- non-aromatic heterocycle examples include a tetrahydropyran ring, a lactone ring, a sultone ring, and a decahydroisoquinoline ring.
- lactone ring and the sultone ring examples include the lactone structure and the sultone structure exemplified in the resin described later.
- the heterocycle in the heterocyclic group a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, or a decahydroisoquinoline ring is particularly preferable.
- the cyclic organic group may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group (which may be linear or branched, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) and a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic, polycyclic, and spiroring). Any of them may be used, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms), an aryl group (preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms), a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an ester group, an amide group, a urethane group, a ureido group, a thioether group and a sulfonamide. Examples include groups and sulfonic acid ester groups.
- the carbon constituting the cyclic organic group may be carbonyl carbon.
- the A 3 - and, the R a or L a may be bonded together to form a ring structure together.
- the M 3 + of the above general formula (1) is expressed by HA 3 -L a -R a is replaced with H + compound Q (i.e., the general formula In (1)
- the acid dissociation constant of the acidic moiety represented by HA 3 is preferably 4.0 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, and even more preferably -2.0 or less. ..
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, -40.0 or more, preferably -20.0 or more.
- M 4 + represents a sulfur ions or iodine ions.
- m represents 1 or 2
- R b each independently represents an alkyl or alkenyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group which may contain a heteroatom. When m is 2, the two R bs may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- L b represents a divalent linking group.
- a 4 - represents an anionic functional group.
- the alkyl or alkenyl group may contain a hetero atom represented by R b, is not particularly limited, for example, -CH 2 - alkyl is ⁇ 1 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a hetero atom 20
- examples thereof include an alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms) in which the group (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) and —CH 2 ⁇ may be substituted with a heteroatom.
- the hetero atom include an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and the like.
- the alkyl group or alkenyl group which may contain a heteroatom represented by R b may be linear, branched chain, or cyclic.
- the alkyl group or alkenyl group which may contain a hetero atom represented by R b may have a substituent.
- substituents include an aryl group (preferably having 6 to 14 carbon atoms), a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an ester group, an amide group, a urethane group, a ureido group, a thioether group, a sulfonamide group, and a sulfonic acid ester group.
- an aryl group preferably having 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- the aryl group represented by R b may be a monocyclic type or a polycyclic type.
- the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, and an anthryl group.
- the heteroaryl group represented by R b may be a monocyclic type or a polycyclic type.
- the polycyclic type can suppress the diffusion of acid more.
- the aromatic heterocycle constituting this heteroaryl group include a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzothiophene ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, and a pyridine ring.
- the aryl group represented by R b and the heteroaryl group may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group (which may be linear or branched, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) and a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic, polycyclic, and spiroring). Any of them may be used, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms), an aryl group (preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms), a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an ester group, an amide group, a urethane group, a ureido group, a thioether group and a sulfonamide. Examples include groups and sulfonic acid ester groups.
- the divalent linking group represented by L b is not particularly limited, and for example, -CO-, -NH-, -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2- , and an alkylene group (preferably). Examples thereof include one or more or a combination of two or more selected from the group consisting of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which may be linear or branched chain, and an arylene group (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms). Further, the alkylene group and the arylene group may be substituted with a substituent (for example, a fluorine atom or the like).
- anionic functional group represented by, A 3 described above - - A 4 have the same meanings as anionic functional group represented by the preferred embodiment are also the same.
- the acid dissociation constant of the acidic moiety represented by HA 4 is preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably ⁇ 2.0 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, -40.0 or more, preferably -20.0 or more.
- the molecular weight of the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the general formula (2) is preferably 300 or more and less than 3000, more preferably 500 to 2000, still more preferably 700 to 1500.
- the resist composition of the present invention preferably satisfies the following condition [S1], and more preferably the following condition [S2], in that the LWR performance of the formed pattern is more excellent.
- Condition [S1] At least one of the following condition (S1-1) and the following condition (S1-2) is satisfied.
- Condition (S1-1) The resist composition further contains a photoacid generator C (a compound represented by the general formula (1) and one or more compounds of the compound represented by the general formula (2)). And the content ratio T is 15.0 to 40.0.
- Condition (S1-2) The content of the photoacid generator B (the total content when a plurality of types are contained) is 23.0% by mass or more and less than 26.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the composition. is there.
- the resist composition of the present invention contains a resin (hereinafter, also referred to as "acid-decomposable resin” or “resin (A)”) whose polarity is increased by decomposition due to the action of an acid. That is, in the pattern forming method of the present invention, typically, when an alkaline developer is used as the developer, a positive pattern is preferably formed, and when an organic developer is used as the developer, a positive pattern is preferably formed. , A negative pattern is preferably formed.
- the resin (A) usually contains a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid and whose polarity is increased (hereinafter, also referred to as “acid-degradable group”), and preferably contains a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- the acid-degradable group refers to a group that is decomposed by the action of an acid to form a polar group.
- the acid-degradable group preferably has a structure in which the polar group is protected by a leaving group that is eliminated by the action of an acid. That is, the resin (A) has a repeating unit having a group which is decomposed by the action of an acid to produce a polar group.
- the polarity of the resin having this repeating unit increases due to the action of the acid, the solubility in an alkaline developer increases, and the solubility in an organic solvent decreases.
- an alkali-soluble group is preferable, and for example, a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfonylimide group, (alkylsulfonyl) (alkylcarbonyl) methylene.
- alkylsulfonyl alkylcarbonyl imide group
- bis (alkylcarbonyl) methylene group bis (alkylcarbonyl) imide group
- bis (alkylsulfonyl) methylene group bis (alkylsulfonyl) imide group
- tris alkylcarbonyl
- Examples thereof include an acidic group such as a methylene group and a tris (alkylsulfonyl) methylene group, and an alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- a carboxyl group a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group), or a sulfonic acid group is preferable.
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 are independently alkyl groups (linear or branched chain), cycloalkyl groups (monocyclic or polycyclic), and alkenyl groups (straight chain). (Orchid or branched chain), or aryl group (monocyclic or polycyclic).
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 are alkyl groups (linear or branched chain)
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 preferably independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represent a linear alkyl group. Is more preferable.
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 may be combined to form a monocyclic or polycyclic ring.
- an alkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a t-butyl group is preferable. ..
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 include a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, and a polycyclic ring such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group. Cycloalkyl group is preferred.
- an aryl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable, and examples thereof include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthryl group.
- alkenyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 a vinyl group is preferable.
- a cycloalkyl group is preferable as the ring formed by bonding two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 .
- the cycloalkyl group formed by combining two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is a cyclopentyl group, a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group, or a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, or a tetracyclododecanyl.
- a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a group or an adamantyl group is preferable, and a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the cycloalkyl group formed by combining two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is, for example, a group in which one of the methylene groups constituting the ring has a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group, or vinylidene. It may be replaced by a base. Further, in these cycloalkyl groups, one or more of the ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring may be replaced with a vinylene group. It may be replaced with.
- the group represented by the formula (Y1) or the formula (Y2) is, for example, an embodiment in which Rx 1 is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and Rx 2 and Rx 3 are bonded to form the above-mentioned cycloalkyl group. Is preferable.
- R 36 to R 38 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- R 37 and R 38 may be combined with each other to form a ring.
- the monovalent organic group include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group and the like. It is also preferable that R 36 is a hydrogen atom.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group may contain a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom and / or a group having a heteroatom such as a carbonyl group.
- cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group for example, one or more methylene groups are replaced with a group having a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom and / or a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group. May be good.
- R 38 may be bonded to each other with another substituent contained in the main chain of the repeating unit to form a ring.
- the group formed by bonding R 38 and another substituent of the main chain of the repeating unit to each other is preferably an alkylene group such as a methylene group.
- L 1 and L 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a group in which these are combined (for example, a group in which an alkyl group and an aryl group are combined).
- M represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Q is an alkyl group that may contain a hetero atom, a cycloalkyl group that may contain a hetero atom, an aryl group that may contain a hetero atom, an amino group, an ammonium group, a mercapto group, a cyano group, and an aldehyde.
- the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group for example, one of the methylene groups may be replaced with a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom or a group having a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group.
- one of L 1 and L 2 is a hydrogen atom and the other is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a group in which an alkylene group and an aryl group are combined.
- L 2 is preferably a secondary or tertiary alkyl group, and more preferably a tertiary alkyl group.
- the secondary alkyl group include an isopropyl group, a cyclohexyl group and a norbornyl group
- examples of the tertiary alkyl group include a tert-butyl group and an adamantyl group.
- Ar represents an aromatic ring group.
- Rn represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group.
- Rn and Ar may be combined with each other to form a non-aromatic ring.
- Ar is more preferably an aryl group.
- the ring member atom adjacent to the ring member atom directly bonded to the polar group (or its residue) does not have a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom as a substituent.
- desorbing groups eliminated by the action of an acid include a 2-cyclopentenyl group having a substituent (alkyl group, etc.) such as a 3-methyl-2-cyclopentenyl group, and 1,1,4.
- a cyclohexyl group having a substituent (alkyl group, etc.) such as 4-tetramethylcyclohexyl group may be used.
- the repeating unit represented by the formula (A) is also preferable.
- L 1 represents a divalent linking group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom
- R 1 is an alkyl group which may have a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R 2 represents a desorbing group which is eliminated by the action of an acid and may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- at least one of L 1 , R 1 , and R 2 has a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- L 1 represents a divalent linking group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- the fluorine atom or a linking group may divalent have a iodine atom, -CO -, - O -, - S -, - SO -, - SO 2 -, have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom Examples thereof include a hydrocarbon group (for example, an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group, etc.), and a linking group in which a plurality of these are linked.
- the L 1, -CO-, or - arylene - fluorine atom or an alkylene group having iodine atom - are preferred.
- the arylene group a phenylene group is preferable.
- the alkylene group may be linear or branched chain.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkylene group is not particularly limited, but 1 to 10 is preferable, and 1 to 3 is more preferable.
- the total number of fluorine atoms and iodine atoms contained in the alkylene group having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 2 to 10, and even more preferably 3 to 6.
- R 1 represents an alkyl group which may have a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, or an aryl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but 1 to 10 is preferable, and 1 to 3 is more preferable.
- the total number of fluorine atoms and iodine atoms contained in the alkyl group having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 1 to 5, and even more preferably 1 to 3.
- the alkyl group may contain a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom other than the halogen atom.
- R 2 represents a leaving group that is eliminated by the action of an acid and may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- Rx 11 to Rx 13 are alkyl groups (linear or branched), fluorine atoms or iodine atoms which may independently have fluorine atoms or iodine atoms, respectively. It has a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic or polycyclic) that may have, an alkenyl group (linear or branched) that may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, or a fluorine atom or an iodine atom. Represents an aryl group (monocyclic or polycyclic) which may be used.
- Rx 11 to Rx 13 are alkyl groups (linear or branched chain), it is preferable that at least two of Rx 11 to Rx 13 are methyl groups.
- Rx 11 to Rx 13 are the same as Rx 1 to Rx 3 in (Y1) and (Y2) described above, except that they may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, and are an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- Alkyl group, and aryl group are the same as the definition and preferred range.
- R 136 to R 138 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R 137 and R 138 may be combined with each other to form a ring.
- the monovalent organic group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom includes an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, and a cycloalkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group may contain a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom in addition to the fluorine atom and the iodine atom.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group may be replaced with, for example, one of the methylene groups being replaced with a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom or a group having a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group.
- R 138 may be bonded to each other with another substituent contained in the main chain of the repeating unit to form a ring.
- the group formed by bonding R 138 and another substituent of the main chain of the repeating unit to each other is preferably an alkylene group such as a methylene group.
- L 11 and L 12 may independently have a hydrogen atom; a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, an iodine atom and an oxygen atom; a fluorine atom, an iodine atom and an alkyl group.
- a cycloalkyl group which may have a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen atoms; an aryl group which may have a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, an iodine atom and an oxygen atom; or It represents a group in which these are combined (for example, a group in which an alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group are combined, which may have a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, an iodine atom and an oxygen atom).
- M 1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Q 1 represents a fluorine atom, an alkyl group which may have a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of iodine atoms and an oxygen atom; Yes fluorine atom, a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of iodine atoms and an oxygen atom May be cycloalkyl group; aryl group selected from the group consisting of fluorine atom, iodine atom and oxygen atom; amino group; ammonium group; mercapto group; cyano group; aldehyde group; or a group combining these (for example).
- Ar 1 represents an aromatic ring group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- Rn 1 is an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a cycloalkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, or an aryl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- Rn 1 and Ar 1 may be combined with each other to form a non-aromatic ring.
- a repeating unit having an acid-degradable group a repeating unit represented by the general formula (AI) is also preferable.
- Xa 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent.
- T represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 are independently alkyl groups (linear or branched chain), cycloalkyl groups (monocyclic or polycyclic), alkenyl groups (linear or branched chain), or aryl (linear or branched chain). Represents a monocyclic or polycyclic) group. However, when all of Rx 1 to Rx 3 are alkyl groups (linear or branched chain), it is preferable that at least two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 are methyl groups. Two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 may be bonded to form a monocyclic or polycyclic (monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group, etc.).
- xa 1 Represented by xa 1, as the alkyl group which may have a substituent group, include groups represented by methyl group or -CH 2 -R 11.
- R 11 represents a halogen atom (fluorine atom or the like), a hydroxyl group or a monovalent organic group.
- the halogen atom may be substituted, an alkyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms, or a halogen atom may be substituted.
- Examples thereof include an acyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 5 or less carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom, and an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms is preferable, and a methyl group is more preferable.
- Xa 1 a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a hydroxymethyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the divalent linking group of T include an alkylene group, an aromatic ring group, an -COO-Rt- group, and an -O-Rt- group.
- Rt represents an alkylene group or a cycloalkylene group.
- T is preferably a single bond or a -COO-Rt- group.
- Rt is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and is preferably a -CH 2- group,- (CH 2 ) 2- group, or- (CH 2 ) 3- group. Is more preferable.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a t-butyl group is preferable. ..
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 include a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, or a polycyclic group such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group. Cycloalkyl group is preferred.
- an aryl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable, and examples thereof include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthryl group.
- alkenyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 a vinyl group is preferable.
- cycloalkyl group formed by bonding two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group is preferable, and in addition, a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, and the like.
- Polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a tetracyclododecanyl group and an adamantyl group are preferred. Of these, a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the cycloalkyl group formed by combining two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is, for example, a group in which one of the methylene groups constituting the ring has a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group, or vinylidene. It may be replaced by a base. Further, in these cycloalkyl groups, one or more of the ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring may be replaced with a vinylene group.
- Rx 1 is a methyl group or an ethyl group
- Rx 2 and Rx 3 are bonded to form the above-mentioned cycloalkyl group.
- the substituents include, for example, an alkyl group (1 to 4 carbon atoms), a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group (1 to 4 carbon atoms), a carboxyl group, and an alkoxycarbonyl group (1 to 4 carbon atoms). Examples thereof include 2 to 6 carbon atoms).
- the number of carbon atoms in the substituent is preferably 8 or less.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (AI) is preferably an acid-decomposable (meth) acrylic acid tertiary alkyl ester-based repeating unit (Xa 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and T is a single bond. It is a repeating unit that represents.
- the content of the repeating unit having an acid-degradable group is preferably 15 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more, still more preferably 30 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 80 mol% or less, more preferably 70 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 60 mol% or less.
- Xa 1 represents any of H, CH 3 , CF 3 , and CH 2 OH
- Rxa and Rxb represent linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, respectively.
- repeating unit having an acid-degradable group a repeating unit having an acid-degradable group containing an unsaturated bond is also preferable.
- the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group containing an unsaturated bond the repeating unit represented by the general formula (B) is preferable.
- Xb represents an alkyl group which may have a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a substituent.
- L represents a divalent linking group which may have a single bond or a substituent.
- Ry 1 to Ry 3 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group, a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a monocyclic or polycyclic aryl group, respectively. However, at least one of Ry 1 to Ry 3 represents an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkenyl group, or a monocyclic or polycyclic aryl group. Two of Ry 1 to Ry 3 may be bonded to form a monocyclic or polycyclic (monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group, etc.).
- Xb Represented by Xb, as the alkyl group which may have a substituent group, include groups represented by methyl group or -CH 2 -R 11.
- R 11 represents a halogen atom (fluorine atom or the like), a hydroxyl group or a monovalent organic group.
- the halogen atom may be substituted, an alkyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms, or a halogen atom may be substituted.
- Examples thereof include an acyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 5 or less carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom, and an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms is preferable, and a methyl group is more preferable.
- Xb a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a hydroxymethyl group is preferable.
- the divalent linking group of L includes -Rt- group, -CO- group, -COO-Rt- group, -COO-Rt-CO- group, -Rt-CO- group, and -O-Rt- group. And so on.
- Rt represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, or an aromatic ring group.
- L1 is preferably -Rt- group, -CO- group, -COO-Rt-CO- group, and -Rt-CO- group.
- Rt may have a substituent such as a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an alkoxy group, and an aromatic group is preferable.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a t-butyl group is preferable. ..
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group of Ry 1 to Ry 3 include a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, or a polycyclic group such as a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group. Cycloalkyl group is preferred.
- an aryl group of Ry 1 to Ry 3 an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable, and examples thereof include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthryl group.
- alkenyl group of Ry 1 to Ry 3 a vinyl group is preferable.
- alkynyl group of Ry 1 to Ry 3 an ethynyl group is preferable.
- cycloalkenyl group of Ry 1 to Ry 3 a structure containing a double bond in a part of a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group is preferable.
- a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group is preferable, and in addition, a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, and the like.
- Polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a tetracyclododecanyl group and an adamantyl group are preferred.
- a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the cycloalkyl group or cycloalkenyl group formed by combining two of Ry 1 to Ry 3 is, for example, one of the methylene groups constituting the ring is a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom, a carbonyl group, or -SO 2-. It may be replaced by a group having a heteroatom such as a group, —SO 3- group, a vinylidene group, or a combination thereof. Further, in these cycloalkyl groups or cycloalkene groups, one or more of the ethylene groups constituting the cycloalkane ring or the cycloalkene ring may be replaced with a vinylene group.
- Ry 1 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, or an aryl group
- Ry 2 and Rx 3 are bonded to form the above-mentioned cycloalkyl group.
- the embodiment in which a cycloalkenyl group is formed is preferable.
- the substituents include, for example, an alkyl group (1 to 4 carbon atoms), a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group (1 to 4 carbon atoms), a carboxyl group, and an alkoxycarbonyl group (1 to 4 carbon atoms). Examples thereof include 2 to 6 carbon atoms).
- the number of carbon atoms in the substituent is preferably 8 or less.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (B) is preferably an acid-decomposable (meth) acrylic acid tertiary ester-based repeating unit (Xb represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and L is a ⁇ CO— group.
- Repeating unit representing acid-degradable hydroxystyrene tertiary alkyl ether-based repeating unit (repeating unit in which Xb represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and L represents a phenyl group), acid-degradable styrene carboxylic acid tertiary ester It is a system repeating unit (Xb represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and L represents a -Rt-CO- group (Rt is an aromatic group)).
- the content of the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group containing an unsaturated bond is preferably 15 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more, and more preferably 30 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A). More preferred.
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 80 mol% or less, more preferably 70 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 60 mol% or less.
- Xb and L1 represent any of the above-mentioned substituents and linking groups
- Ar represents aromaticity
- R represents hydrogen atom, alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group and alkenyl.
- R represents hydrogen atom, alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group and alkenyl.
- R "" is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R' is a linear or branched alkyl group, a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or a monocyclic group.
- R' represents a polycyclic aryl group
- Q represents a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, a group having a hetero atom such as a carbonyl group, a -SO2- group, or -SO3- group, a vinylidene group, or a combination thereof.
- M represents an integer greater than or equal to 0.
- the resin (A) may contain a repeating unit other than the repeating unit described above.
- the resin (A) contains at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the following groups A and / or at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the following groups B. May be good.
- Group A A group consisting of the following repeating units (20) to (29).
- Repetitive unit showing no acid decomposition property (32)
- the resin (A) When the resist composition of the present invention is used as an EUV-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, the resin (A) has at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the above group A. Is preferable.
- the resin (A) preferably contains at least one of a fluorine atom and an iodine atom.
- the resin (A) may have one repeating unit containing both a fluorine atom and an iodine atom, and the resin (A) may have one repeating unit.
- the composition may contain two kinds of a repeating unit having a fluorine atom and a repeating unit containing an iodine atom.
- the resin (A) has a repeating unit having an aromatic group.
- the resin (A) has at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the above group B. Is preferable.
- the resin (A) does not contain either a fluorine atom or a silicon atom.
- the resin (A) preferably does not have an aromatic group.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having an acid group.
- an acid group having a pKa of 13 or less is preferable.
- the acid dissociation constant of the acid group is preferably 13 or less, more preferably 3 to 13, and even more preferably 5 to 10.
- Examples of the acid group having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) of 13 or less include a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group), a sulfonic acid group, and a sulfonamide group. ..
- the content of the acid group in the resin (A) is not particularly limited, but is often 0.2 to 6.0 mmol / g.
- 0.8 to 6.0 mmol / g is preferable, 1.2 to 5.0 mmol / g is more preferable, and 1.6 to 4.0 mmol / g is even more preferable.
- the content of the acid group is within the above range, the development proceeds well, the formed pattern shape is excellent, and the resolution is also excellent.
- the acid group for example, a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group), a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonamide group, an isopropanol group and the like are preferable.
- one or more (preferably one or two) fluorine atoms may be substituted with a group other than the fluorine atom (alkoxycarbonyl group or the like).
- -C (CF 3 ) (OH) -CF 2- thus formed is also preferable as an acid group.
- one or more of the fluorine atoms may be substituted with a group other than the fluorine atom to form a ring containing ⁇ C (CF 3 ) (OH) ⁇ CF 2- .
- the repeating unit having an acid group includes a repeating unit having a structure in which a polar group is protected by a leaving group desorbed by the action of the above-mentioned acid, and a repeating unit having a lactone group, a sulton group, or a carbonate group described later. Is preferably a different repeating unit.
- the repeating unit having an acid group may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- the repeating unit represented by the formula (B) is preferable.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- the fluorine atom or an organic group may monovalent optionally having iodine atom, a group represented by -L 4 -R 8 are preferred.
- L 4 represents a single bond or an ester group.
- R 8 is an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a cycloalkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, an aryl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, Alternatively, a group combining these can be mentioned.
- R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, or an alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- L 2 represents a single bond or an ester group.
- L 3 represents a (n + m + 1) -valent aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a (n + m + 1) -valent alicyclic hydrocarbon ring group.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon ring group include a benzene ring group and a naphthalene ring group.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon ring group may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and examples thereof include a cycloalkyl ring group.
- R 6 represents a hydroxyl group or a fluorinated alcohol group (preferably a hexafluoroisopropanol group).
- L 3 is preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group having a (n + m + 1) valence.
- R 7 represents a halogen atom.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- m represents an integer of 1 or more.
- n represents an integer of 0 or 1 or more.
- n is preferably an integer of 1 to 4.
- (n + m + 1) is preferably an integer of 1 to 5.
- repeating unit having an acid group a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (I) is also preferable.
- R 41 , R 42 and R 43 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- R 42 may be bonded to Ar 4 to form a ring, in which case R 42 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- X 4 represents a single bond, -COO-, or -CONR 64-
- R 64 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- L 4 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- Ar 4 represents an (n + 1) -valent aromatic ring group, and represents an (n + 2) -valent aromatic ring group when combined with R 42 to form a ring.
- n represents an integer from 1 to 5.
- the alkyl groups of R 41 , R 42 , and R 43 in the general formula (I) include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, hexyl group, and 2-ethylhexyl group.
- An alkyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms such as an octyl group and a dodecyl group is preferable, an alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms is further preferable.
- the cycloalkyl groups of R 41 , R 42 , and R 43 in the general formula (I) may be monocyclic or polycyclic. Of these, a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the halogen atoms of R 41 , R 42 , and R 43 in the general formula (I) include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
- the alkyl group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group of R 41 , R 42 , and R 43 in the general formula (I) is preferably the same as the alkyl group in R 41 , R 42 , and R 43 .
- Preferred substituents in each of the above groups include, for example, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an amino group, an amide group, a ureido group, a urethane group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thioether group and an acyl group. , Achilloxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, cyano group, and nitro group.
- the substituent preferably has 8 or less carbon atoms.
- Ar 4 represents an (n + 1) -valent aromatic ring group.
- a divalent aromatic ring group containing a heterocycle such as a benzothiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzopyrol ring, a triazine ring, an imidazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, a triazole ring, a thiaziazole ring, and a thiazole ring is preferable.
- the aromatic ring group may have a substituent.
- (n + 1) -valent aromatic ring group when n is an integer of 2 or more, (n-1) arbitrary hydrogen atoms are removed from the above-mentioned specific example of the divalent aromatic ring group.
- the group that consists of The (n + 1) -valent aromatic ring group may further have a substituent.
- Examples of the substituents that the above-mentioned alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, alkylene group, and (n + 1) -valent aromatic ring group can have include R 41 , R 42 , and R in the general formula (I). Examples thereof include an alkoxy group such as an alkyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a hydroxyethoxy group, a propoxy group, a hydroxypropoxy group, and a butoxy group described in 43 ; an aryl group such as a phenyl group; and the like.
- R 64 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group
- the alkyl group for R 64 in, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, n- butyl group, sec Examples thereof include alkyl groups having 20 or less carbon atoms such as a butyl group, a hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an octyl group, and a dodecyl group, and an alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms is preferable.
- X 4 a single bond, -COO-, or -CONH- is preferable, and a single bond, or -COO- is more preferable.
- the alkylene group for L 4, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as hexylene, and octylene group.
- Ar 4 an aromatic ring group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms is preferable, and a benzene ring group, a naphthalene ring group, and a biphenylene ring group are more preferable.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) preferably has a hydroxystyrene structure. That is, Ar 4 is preferably a benzene ring group.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) the repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) is preferable.
- A represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, or a cyano group.
- R represents a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, an alkylsulfonyloxy group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group or an aryloxycarbonyl group, and there are a plurality of them. In some cases, they may be the same or different. When it has a plurality of Rs, they may form a ring jointly with each other.
- a hydrogen atom is preferable as R.
- a represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- b represents an integer from 0 to (5-a).
- R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- a represents 2 or 3.
- the content of the repeating unit having an acid group is preferably 10 mol% or more, more preferably 15 mol% or more, still more preferably 20 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 70 mol% or less, more preferably 65 mol% or less, and even more preferably 60 mol% or less.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom in addition to the above-mentioned ⁇ repeating unit having an acid-degradable group> and ⁇ repeating unit having an acid group>.
- the ⁇ repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom> referred to here is a repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group, which will be described later, and a repeating unit having a photoacid generating group. It is preferably different from other types of repeating units belonging to group A.
- the repeating unit represented by the formula (C) is preferable.
- L 5 represents a single bond or an ester group.
- R 9 represents an alkyl group which may have a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R 10 may have an alkyl group which may have a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a cycloalkyl group which may have a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- the repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom is illustrated below.
- the content of the repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom is preferably 0 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, still more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 50 mol% or less, more preferably 45 mol% or less, still more preferably 40 mol% or less.
- the repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom does not include ⁇ repeating unit having an acid-degradable group> and ⁇ repeating unit having an acid group>
- the content of the repeating unit having an atom is also intended to be the content of the repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom excluding ⁇ repeating unit having an acid-degradable group> and ⁇ repeating unit having an acid group>.
- the total content of the repeating units containing at least one of a fluorine atom and an iodine atom is preferably 15 mol% or more, preferably 20 mol%, based on all the repeating units of the resin (A).
- the above is more preferable, 30 mol% or more is further preferable, and 40 mol% or more is particularly preferable.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 100 mol% or less.
- the repeating unit containing at least one of a fluorine atom and an iodine atom includes, for example, a repeating unit having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom and having an acid-degradable group, a fluorine atom or an iodine atom, and Repeating units having an acid group and repeating units having a fluorine atom or an iodine atom can be mentioned.
- the resin (A) is a repeating unit having at least one selected from the group consisting of a lactone group, a sultone group, and a carbonate group (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "a repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group". It may also have). It is also preferable that the repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group does not have an acid group such as a hexafluoropropanol group.
- the lactone group or sultone group may have a lactone structure or a sultone structure.
- the lactone structure or sultone structure is preferably a 5- to 7-membered ring lactone structure or a 5- to 7-membered ring sultone structure.
- a 5- to 7-membered ring lactone structure in which another ring structure is fused to form a bicyclo structure or a spiro structure or a 5- to 7-membered ring sultone in the form of a bicyclo structure or a spiro structure.
- a structure in which another ring structure is fused is more preferable.
- the resin (A) has a lactone structure represented by any of the following general formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-21), or a table represented by any of the following general formulas (SL1-1) to (SL1-3). It is preferable to have a repeating unit having a lactone group or a sultone group obtained by extracting one or more hydrogen atoms from a ring member atom having a sultone structure. Further, a lactone group or a sultone group may be directly bonded to the main chain. For example, a ring-membered atom of a lactone group or a sultone group may form the main chain of the resin (A).
- the lactone structure or sultone structure portion may have a substituent (Rb 2 ).
- Preferred substituents (Rb 2 ) include an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and a carboxyl group. , Halogen atom, hydroxyl group, cyano group, acid-degradable group and the like.
- n2 represents an integer of 0 to 4. When n2 is 2 or more, Rb 2 existing in plural numbers may be different or may be bonded to form a ring Rb 2 between the plurality of.
- It has a group having a lactone structure represented by any of the general formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-21) or a sultone structure represented by any of the general formulas (SL1-1) to (SL1-3).
- Examples of the repeating unit include a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (AI).
- Rb 0 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Preferred substituents that the alkyl group of Rb 0 may have include a hydroxyl group and a halogen atom. Examples of the halogen atom of Rb 0 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. Rb 0 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- Ab is a divalent linking group having a single bond, an alkylene group, a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure, an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, or a divalent group combining these. Represent. Of these, a single bond or a linking group represented by -Ab 1- CO 2- is preferable.
- Ab 1 is a linear or branched alkylene group, or a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkylene group, and a methylene group, an ethylene group, a cyclohexylene group, an adamantylene group, or a norbornene group is preferable.
- V is a group formed by extracting one hydrogen atom from a ring member atom having a lactone structure represented by any of the general formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-21), or general formulas (SL1-1) to (SL1-1). It represents a group formed by extracting one hydrogen atom from a ring member atom having a sultone structure represented by any of SL1-3).
- any optical isomer may be used. Further, one kind of optical isomer may be used alone, or a plurality of optical isomers may be mixed and used. When one kind of optical isomer is mainly used, its optical purity (ee) is preferably 90 or more, more preferably 95 or more.
- a cyclic carbonate group is preferable.
- a repeating unit having a cyclic carbonate group a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (A-1) is preferable.
- RA 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group (preferably a methyl group).
- n represents an integer greater than or equal to 0.
- R A 2 represents a substituent. when n is 2 or more, R A 2 existing in plural, may each be the same or different.
- A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group includes an alkylene group, a divalent linking group having a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure, an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, or a divalent combination thereof. Group is preferred.
- Z represents an atomic group forming a monocyclic or polycyclic ring with a group represented by —O—CO—O— in the formula.
- the repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group is illustrated below.
- the content of the repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group is preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 85 mol% or less, more preferably 80 mol% or less, further preferably 70 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 60 mol% or less.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having a group that generates an acid by irradiation with active light or radiation (hereinafter, also referred to as “photoacid generating group”) as a repeating unit other than the above.
- the repeating unit having this photoacid generating group corresponds to a compound (also referred to as “photoacid generator”) that generates an acid by irradiation with active light or radiation described later.
- Examples of such a repeating unit include a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (4).
- R 41 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- L 41 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- L 42 represents a divalent linking group.
- R 40 represents a structural site that is decomposed by irradiation with active light or radiation to generate an acid in the side chain.
- the repeating unit having a photoacid generating group is illustrated below.
- examples of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (4) include the repeating units described in paragraphs [0094] to [0105] of JP-A-2014-041327.
- the content of the repeating unit having a photoacid generating group is preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 35 mol% or less, and even more preferably 30 mol% or less.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (V-1) or the following general formula (V-2).
- the repeating unit represented by the following general formula (V-1) and the following general formula (V-2) is preferably a repeating unit different from the above-mentioned repeating unit.
- R 6 and R 7 independently have a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom, and an ester group (-OCOR or -COOR:
- R is the number of carbon atoms. 1 to 6 alkyl groups or fluorinated alkyl groups), or carboxyl groups.
- As the alkyl group a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable.
- n 3 represents an integer from 0 to 6.
- n 4 represents an integer from 0 to 4.
- X 4 is a methylene group, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (V-1) or (V-2) is illustrated below.
- the resin (A) preferably has a high glass transition temperature (Tg) from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive diffusion of generated acid or pattern disintegration during development.
- Tg is preferably greater than 90 ° C, more preferably greater than 100 ° C, even more preferably greater than 110 ° C, and particularly preferably greater than 125 ° C.
- Tg is preferably 400 ° C. or lower, more preferably 350 ° C. or lower.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer such as the resin (A) is calculated by the following method.
- the Tg of a homopolymer composed of only each repeating unit contained in the polymer is calculated by the Bicerano method.
- the calculated Tg is referred to as "repeating unit Tg".
- the mass ratio (%) of each repeating unit to all the repeating units in the polymer is calculated.
- Tg at each mass ratio is calculated using the Fox formula (described in Materials Letters 62 (2008) 3152, etc.), and the sum of them is used as the Tg (° C.) of the polymer.
- the Bicerano method is described in the Precision of developers, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York (1993) and the like. Further, the calculation of Tg by the Bicerano method can be performed using the polymer physical property estimation software MDL Polymer (MDL Information Systems, Inc.).
- the resin (A) preferably has a repeating unit in which the Tg of the homopolymer is 130 ° C. or higher.
- the type of repeating unit having a homopolymer Tg of 130 ° C. or higher is not particularly limited, and any repeating unit having a homopolymer Tg of 130 ° C. or higher calculated by the Bicerano method may be used.
- the homopolymer corresponds to the repeating unit having a Tg of 130 ° C. or higher.
- Formulas (A) and RA represent groups having a polycyclic structure.
- R x represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group.
- the group having a polycyclic structure is a group having a plurality of ring structures, and the plurality of ring structures may or may not be condensed.
- Specific examples of the repeating unit represented by the formula (A) include the following repeating units.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group.
- Ra is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom, and an ester group (-OCOR'''.
- the alkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the aryl group, the aralkyl group, and the alkenyl group may each have a substituent.
- the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the group represented by Ra may be replaced with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R'and R'' are independently alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups, aralkyl groups, alkenyl groups, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups, asyloxy groups, cyano groups, nitro groups, amino groups, halogen atoms, respectively.
- R ′′ is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a fluorinated alkyl group) or a carboxyl group.
- the alkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the aryl group, the aralkyl group, and the alkenyl group may each have a substituent.
- the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the group represented by R'and R' may be replaced with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Examples of the divalent linking group include -COO-, -CO-, -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2- , an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an alkenylene group, and a plurality of these.
- Examples thereof include linked linking groups.
- m and n each independently represent an integer of 0 or more. The upper limits of m and n are not particularly limited, but are often 2 or less and more often 1 or less.
- R b1 to R b4 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group, and at least two or more of R b1 to R b4 represent an organic group.
- the types of other organic groups are not particularly limited.
- at least two or more organic groups have three or more constituent atoms excluding hydrogen atoms. It is a substituent.
- repeating unit represented by the formula (B) include the following repeating units.
- R independently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the organic group include organic groups such as an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and an alkenyl group, which may have a substituent.
- R' is independently an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom, and an ester group (-OCOR'.
- R' represents an alkyl group or fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms) or a carboxyl group.
- the alkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the aryl group, the aralkyl group, and the alkenyl group may each have a substituent.
- the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the group represented by R' may be replaced with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- m represents an integer of 0 or more. The upper limit of m is not particularly limited, but it is often 2 or less, and more often 1 or less.
- R c1 to R c4 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group, and at least one of R c1 to R c4 is a hydrogen-bonding hydrogen within 3 atoms from the main chain carbon. It is a group having an atom. Among them, in order to induce the interaction between the main chains of the resin (A), it is preferable to have hydrogen-bonding hydrogen atoms within 2 atoms (closer to the main chain).
- repeating unit represented by the formula (C) include the following repeating units.
- R represents an organic group.
- the organic group may have a substituent, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, and an ester group (-OCOR or -COOR:
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Alternatively, an alkyl fluorinated group) and the like can be mentioned.
- R' represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. Examples of the organic group include organic groups such as an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and an alkenyl group.
- the hydrogen atom in the organic group may be replaced with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- Cyclic represents a group forming a main chain with a cyclic structure.
- the number of constituent atoms of the ring is not particularly limited.
- repeating unit represented by the formula (D) include the following repeating units.
- R is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom, respectively.
- An ester group (-OCOR “or -COOR”: R "is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a fluorinated alkyl group) or a carboxyl group.
- the alkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the aryl group, the aralkyl group, and the alkenyl group may each have a substituent. Further, the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the group represented by R may be substituted with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R' is independently an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom and an ester group.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a fluorinated alkyl group), or a carboxyl group.
- the alkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the aryl group, the aralkyl group, and the alkenyl group may each have a substituent.
- the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the group represented by R' may be replaced with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- m represents an integer of 0 or more. The upper limit of m is not particularly limited, but it is often 2 or less, and more often 1 or less.
- Re independently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.
- the organic group include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkenyl group and the like, which may have a substituent.
- Cyclic is a cyclic group containing a carbon atom in the main chain. The number of atoms contained in the cyclic group is not particularly limited.
- repeating unit represented by the formula (E) include the following repeating units.
- R is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and an alkenyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, and a halogen atom.
- Esther group (-OCOR “or -COOR”: R "is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a fluorinated alkyl group), or a carboxyl group.
- the alkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the aryl group, the aralkyl group, and the alkenyl group may each have a substituent.
- the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the group represented by R may be substituted with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- R' is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and an alkenyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a halogen atom, and an ester group.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a fluorinated alkyl group), or a carboxyl group.
- the alkyl group, the cycloalkyl group, the aryl group, the aralkyl group, and the alkenyl group may each have a substituent.
- the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the group represented by R' may be replaced with a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
- m represents an integer of 0 or more. The upper limit of m is not particularly limited, but it is often 2 or less, and more often 1 or less.
- the two Rs may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the formula (E) is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 60 mol% or less, more preferably 55 mol% or less.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having at least one group selected from a lactone group, a sultone group, a carbonate group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and an alkali-soluble group.
- Examples of the repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group contained in the resin (A) include the repeating unit described in the above-mentioned ⁇ Repeating unit having a lactone group, a sultone group, or a carbonate group>.
- the preferred content is also as described above in ⁇ Repeating unit having a lactone group, sultone group, or carbonate group>.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. This improves substrate adhesion and developer affinity.
- the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group is preferably a repeating unit having an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure substituted with a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
- the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group preferably does not have an acid-degradable group. Examples of the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group include repeating units represented by the following general formulas (AIIA) to (AIId).
- R 1c represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group or a hydrochimethyl group.
- R 2c to R 4c independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. However, at least one of R 2c to R 4c represents a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
- one or two of R 2c to R 4c are hydroxyl groups and the rest are hydrogen atoms. More preferably, two of R 2c to R 4c are hydroxyl groups, and the rest are hydrogen atoms.
- the content of the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit thereof is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 35 mol% or less, and even more preferably 30 mol% or less.
- repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group are given below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group.
- the alkali-soluble group include a carboxyl group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfonylimide group, a bisulsulfonylimide group, and an aliphatic alcohol in which the ⁇ -position is substituted with an electron-withdrawing group (for example, a hexafluoroisopropanol group). Is preferable.
- the resin (A) contains a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group, the resolution in contact hole applications is increased.
- the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group includes a repeating unit in which an alkali-soluble group is directly bonded to the main chain of the resin, such as a repeating unit made of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, or an alkali on the main chain of the resin via a linking group. Repeat units to which soluble groups are attached can be mentioned.
- the linking group may have a monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon structure.
- a repeating unit made of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is preferable.
- the content of the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group is preferably 0 mol% or more, more preferably 3 mol% or more, still more preferably 5 mol% or more, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A).
- the upper limit is preferably 20 mol% or less, more preferably 15 mol% or less, still more preferably 10 mol% or less.
- Rx represents H, CH 3 , CH 2 OH or CF 3 .
- repeating unit having at least one kind selected from a lactone group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and an alkali-soluble group a repeating unit having at least two selected from a lactone group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and an alkali-soluble group is preferable.
- a repeating unit having a cyano group and a lactone group is more preferable, and a repeating unit having a structure in which a cyano group is substituted with a lactone structure represented by the general formula (LC1-4) is further preferable.
- the resin (A) may have an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure and may have a repeating unit that does not exhibit acid degradability.
- a repeating unit include a repeating unit derived from 1-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, diadamantyl (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate, or cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate.
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit represented by the general formula (III), which has neither a hydroxyl group nor a cyano group.
- R 5 represents a hydrocarbon group having at least one cyclic structure and having neither a hydroxyl group nor a cyano group.
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or -CH 2 -O-Ra 2 group.
- Ra 2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an acyl group.
- the cyclic structure of R 5 includes a monocyclic hydrocarbon group and a polycyclic hydrocarbon group.
- the monocyclic hydrocarbon group include a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms (more preferably 3 to 7 carbon atoms) and a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the polycyclic hydrocarbon group include a ring-aggregated hydrocarbon group and a crosslinked cyclic hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the crosslinked ring-type hydrocarbon ring include a bicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a three-ring hydrocarbon ring, and a four-ring hydrocarbon ring.
- the crosslinked cyclic hydrocarbon ring also includes a fused ring in which a plurality of 5- to 8-membered cycloalkane rings are condensed.
- crosslinked cyclic hydrocarbon group examples include a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group, a bicyclooctanyl group or tricyclo [5,2,1,0 2,6] decanyl group are preferred, norbornyl group or more preferably an adamantyl group.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group protected by a protective group, and an amino group protected by a protective group.
- a halogen atom a bromine atom, a chlorine atom, or a fluorine atom is preferable.
- the alkyl group a methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, or a t-butyl group is preferable.
- the alkyl group may further have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group protected by a protective group, and an amino group protected by a protective group.
- Examples of the protecting group include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, a substituted methyl group, a substituted ethyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, and an aralkyloxycarbonyl group.
- the alkyl group an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the substituted methyl group a methoxymethyl group, a methoxythiomethyl group, a benzyloxymethyl group, a t-butoxymethyl group, or a 2-methoxyethoxymethyl group is preferable.
- a 1-ethoxyethyl group or a 1-methyl-1-methoxyethyl group is preferable.
- the acyl group an aliphatic acyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as a formyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group, a butyryl group, an isobutyryl group, a valeryl group, and a pivaloyl group is preferable.
- an alkoxycarbonyl group an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (III), which has neither a hydroxyl group nor a cyano group, is preferably 0 to 40 mol%, preferably 0 to 20 mol%, based on all the repeating units in the resin (A). More preferably mol%.
- Specific examples of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (III) are given below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Ra represents H, CH 3 , CH 2 OH, or CF 3 .
- the resin (A) may have a repeating unit other than the repeating unit described above.
- the resin (A) has a repeating unit selected from the group consisting of a repeating unit having an oxatian ring group, a repeating unit having an oxazolone ring group, a repeating unit having a dioxane ring group, and a repeating unit having a hydantin ring group. You may be doing it. Such repeating units are illustrated below.
- the resin (A) has various repeating structural units for the purpose of adjusting dry etching resistance, standard developer suitability, substrate adhesion, resist profile, resolution, heat resistance, sensitivity, and the like. You may be doing it.
- all the repeating units are composed of (meth) acrylate-based repeating units.
- all the repeating units are methacrylate-based repeating units
- all the repeating units are acrylate-based repeating units
- all the repeating units are either methacrylate-based repeating units or acrylate-based repeating units. It can be used, and the acrylate-based repeating unit is preferably 50 mol% or less of all the repeating units.
- the resin (A) can be synthesized according to a conventional method (for example, radical polymerization).
- the weight average molecular weight of the resin (A) is preferably 3,000 to 20,000, more preferably 5,000 to 15,000 as a polystyrene-equivalent value according to the GPC method.
- the dispersity (molecular weight distribution) of the resin (A) is usually 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1.2 to 3.0, and even more preferably 1.2 to 2.0.
- the content of the resin (A) is preferably 50 to 80.0% by mass, more preferably 60 to 80.0% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition. Further, the resin (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the resist composition of the present invention may contain an acid diffusion control agent.
- the acid diffusion control agent acts as a quencher that traps the acid generated from the photoacid generator or the like at the time of exposure and suppresses the reaction of the acid-degradable resin in the unexposed portion due to the excess generated acid.
- Examples of the acid diffusion control agent include a basic compound (DA), a basic compound (DB) whose basicity is reduced or eliminated by irradiation with active light or radiation, and an onium salt compound (DE) having a nitrogen atom in the cation portion.
- Etc. can be used as an acid diffusion control agent.
- a known acid diffusion control agent can be appropriately used.
- paragraphs [0627] to [0664] of US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0070167A1 paragraphs [0995] to [0187] of US Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0004544A1, US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0237190A1.
- Known compounds disclosed in paragraphs [0403] to [0423] of the specification and paragraphs [0259] to [0328] of US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0274458A1 can be suitably used as the acid diffusion control agent.
- DA Basic compound (DA)>
- compounds having a structure represented by the following formulas (A) to (E) are preferable.
- R 200 , R 201 and R 202 may be the same or different, and each independently has a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms) or an aryl. Represents a group (6 to 20 carbon atoms).
- R 201 and R 202 may be combined with each other to form a ring.
- R 203 , R 204 , R 205 and R 206 may be the same or different, and each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl groups in the general formulas (A) and (E) may have a substituent or may be unsubstituted.
- the alkyl group having a substituent an aminoalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a cyanoalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable. It is more preferable that the alkyl groups in the general formulas (A) and (E) are unsubstituted.
- guanidine As the basic compound (DA), guanidine, aminopyrrolidin, pyrazole, pyrazoline, piperazin, aminomorpholine, aminoalkylmorpholin, or piperidine is preferable, and imidazole structure, diazabicyclo structure, onium hydroxide structure, onium carboxylate structure, and tri
- a compound having an alkylamine structure, an aniline structure or a pyridine structure, an alkylamine derivative having a hydroxyl group and / or an ether bond, or an aniline derivative having a hydroxyl group and / or an ether bond is more preferable.
- a basic compound (DB) whose basicity is reduced or eliminated by irradiation with active light or radiation (hereinafter, also referred to as “compound (DB)”) has a proton acceptor functional group and is active light or radiation. It is a compound whose proton acceptor property is reduced or eliminated, or changes from proton acceptor property to acidity by being decomposed by irradiation with.
- a proton-accepting functional group is a functional group having a group or an electron capable of electrostatically interacting with a proton, for example, a functional group having a macrocyclic structure such as a cyclic polyether, or a ⁇ -conjugated group. It means a functional group having a nitrogen atom with an unshared electron pair that does not contribute.
- the nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair that does not contribute to ⁇ conjugation is, for example, a nitrogen atom having a partial structure shown in the following formula.
- Preferred partial structures of the proton acceptor functional group include, for example, a crown ether structure, an aza crown ether structure, a primary to tertiary amine structure, a pyridine structure, an imidazole structure, and a pyrazine structure.
- the compound (DB) is decomposed by irradiation with active light or radiation to reduce or eliminate the proton acceptor property, or generate a compound in which the proton acceptor property is changed to acidic.
- the decrease or disappearance of the proton acceptor property, or the change from the proton acceptor property to the acidity is a change in the proton acceptor property due to the addition of a proton to the proton acceptor property functional group, and is specific.
- a low molecular weight compound (DD) having a nitrogen atom and having a group eliminated by the action of an acid has a group desorbed by the action of an acid on the nitrogen atom. It is preferably an amine derivative.
- an acetal group, a carbonate group, a carbamate group, a tertiary ester group, a tertiary hydroxyl group, or a hemiaminol ether group is preferable, and a carbamate group or a hemiaminol ether group is more preferable. ..
- the molecular weight of the compound (DD) is preferably 100 to 1000, more preferably 100 to 700, and even more preferably 100 to 500.
- Compound (DD) may have a carbamate group having a protecting group on the nitrogen atom.
- the protecting group constituting the carbamate group is represented by the following general formula (d-1).
- R b is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (preferably 3 to 30 carbon atoms), an aryl group (preferably 3 to 30 carbon atoms), and an alkoxy group. It represents (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) or an alkoxyalkyl group (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms). R b may be connected to each other to form a ring.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group represented by Rb are independently functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, cyano groups, amino groups, pyrrolidino groups, piperidino groups, morpholino groups, and oxo groups, and alkoxy groups. Alternatively, it may be substituted with a halogen atom. The same applies to the alkoxyalkyl group indicated by R b .
- R b a linear or branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group is preferable, and a linear or branched alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group is more preferable.
- the ring formed by connecting the two R bs to each other include an alicyclic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, a heterocyclic hydrocarbon, and a derivative thereof.
- Specific structures of the group represented by the general formula (d-1) include, but are not limited to, the structure disclosed in paragraph [0466] of US Patent Publication US2012 / 0135348A1.
- the compound (DD) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (6).
- l represents an integer of 0 to 2
- m represents an integer of 1 to 3
- Ra represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group.
- the two Ras may be the same or different, and the two Ras may be interconnected to form a heterocycle with the nitrogen atom in the equation. This heterocycle may contain a heteroatom other than the nitrogen atom in the formula.
- R b has the same meaning as R b in formula (d-1), and preferred examples are also the same.
- alkyl group as R a a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group and aralkyl group, each independently, alkyl group as R b, cycloalkyl, aryl and aralkyl groups, is replaced
- the group may be substituted with a group similar to the group described above.
- alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group of Ra are the same groups as those described above for R b.
- a particularly preferred compound (DD) in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the compounds disclosed in paragraph [0475] of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/01335348A1.
- the onium salt compound (DE) having a nitrogen atom in the cation portion (hereinafter, also referred to as “compound (DE)”) is preferably a compound having a basic moiety containing a nitrogen atom in the cation portion.
- the basic moiety is preferably an amino group, more preferably an aliphatic amino group. It is more preferable that all the atoms adjacent to the nitrogen atom in the basic moiety are hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms.
- an electron-attracting functional group (carbonyl group, sulfonyl group, cyano group, halogen atom, etc.) is not directly bonded to the nitrogen atom.
- an electron-attracting functional group carbonyl group, sulfonyl group, cyano group, halogen atom, etc.
- compound (DE) include, but are not limited to, the compound disclosed in paragraph [0203] of US Patent Application Publication 2015/0309408A1.
- a preferable example of the acid diffusion control agent is shown below.
- the content of the acid diffusion control agent (the total of a plurality of types, if present) is 0.1 to 11 with respect to the total solid content of the composition. It is preferably 0.0% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10.0% by mass, further preferably 0.1 to 8.0% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by mass.
- one type of acid diffusion control agent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the resist composition of the present invention may contain a hydrophobic resin different from the resin (A) in addition to the resin (A).
- Hydrophobic resins are preferably designed to be unevenly distributed on the surface of the resist film, but unlike surfactants, they do not necessarily have to have hydrophilic groups in the molecule, and polar and non-polar substances are uniformly mixed. It does not have to contribute to doing so.
- the effects of adding the hydrophobic resin include controlling the static and dynamic contact angles of the resist film surface with respect to water, and suppressing outgas.
- Hydrophobic resin from the viewpoint of uneven distribution in the film surface layer, "fluorine atom", “silicon atom”, and to have any one or more "CH 3 partial structure contained in the side chain portion of the resin” Is preferable, and it is more preferable to have two or more kinds. Further, the hydrophobic resin preferably has a hydrocarbon group having 5 or more carbon atoms. These groups may be contained in the main chain of the resin or may be substituted in the side chain.
- the fluorine atoms and / or silicon atoms in the hydrophobic resin may be contained in the main chain of the resin and may be contained in the side chains. You may.
- the partial structure having a fluorine atom is preferably an alkyl group having a fluorine atom, a cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom, or an aryl group having a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group having a fluorine atom (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms) is a linear or branched alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom. Further, it may have a substituent other than a fluorine atom.
- the cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom is a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, and may further have a substituent other than the fluorine atom.
- the aryl group having a fluorine atom include those in which at least one hydrogen atom of an aryl group such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group is substituted with a fluorine atom, and even if the aryl group has a substituent other than the fluorine atom.
- Examples of repeating units having a fluorine atom or a silicon atom include those exemplified in paragraph [0519] of US2012 / 0251948A1.
- the hydrophobic resin may also preferably comprise a CH 3 partial structure side chain moiety.
- CH 3 partial structure contained in the side chain portion in the hydrophobic resin are those containing CH 3 partial structure ethyl, and propyl groups and the like have.
- the methyl group directly bonded to the main chain of the hydrophobic resin (for example, the ⁇ -methyl group of the repeating unit having a methacrylic acid structure) contributes to the uneven distribution of the surface of the hydrophobic resin due to the influence of the main chain. small order shall not be included in the CH 3 partial structures in the present invention.
- the resins described in JP-A-2011-24801, JP-A-2010-175859, and JP-A-2012-032544 can also be preferably used.
- a preferable example of the monomer corresponding to the repeating unit constituting the hydrophobic resin is shown below.
- the content of the hydrophobic resin is preferably 0.01 to 20.0% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 15.% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition. 0% by mass is more preferable, 0.1 to 10.0% by mass is further preferable, and 0.1 to 6.0% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the resist composition of the present invention may contain a surfactant.
- a surfactant By containing a surfactant, it is possible to form a pattern having better adhesion and fewer development defects.
- a fluorine-based surfactant and / or a silicon-based surfactant is preferable.
- Fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactants include, for example, the surfactants described in paragraph [0276] of US Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0248425.
- Ftop EF301 or EF303 (manufactured by Shin-Akita Kasei Co., Ltd.); Florard FC430, 431 or 4430 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.); Megafuck F171, F173, F176, F189, F113, F110, F177, F120 or R08 (manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd.); Surflon S-382, SC101, 102, 103, 104, 105 or 106 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.); Troysol S-366 (manufactured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd.); GF-300 or GF-150 (manufactured by Toa Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.), Surflon S-393 (manufactured by Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.); EFTOP EF121, EF122A, EF122B, RF122C, EF125M, EF135M, EF351,
- the surfactant is a fluoroaliphatic compound produced by a telomerization method (also referred to as a telomer method) or an oligomerization method (also referred to as an oligomer method) in addition to the known surfactants as shown above. May be synthesized using. Specifically, a polymer having a fluoroaliphatic group derived from this fluoroaliphatic compound may be used as a surfactant. This fluoroaliphatic compound can be synthesized, for example, by the method described in JP-A-2002-090991.
- the polymer having a fluoroaliphatic group a copolymer of a monomer having a fluoroaliphatic group and (poly (oxyalkylene)) acrylate and / or (poly (oxyalkylene)) methacrylate is preferable, and the polymer is irregularly distributed. It may be a block copolymerized product.
- the poly (oxyalkylene) group include a poly (oxyethylene) group, a poly (oxypropylene) group, and a poly (oxybutylene) group, and poly (oxyethylene, oxypropylene, and oxyethylene).
- the copolymer of the monomer having a fluoroaliphatic group and the (poly (oxyalkylene)) acrylate (or methacrylate) is not only a binary copolymer, but also a monomer having two or more different fluoroaliphatic groups.
- a ternary or higher copolymer obtained by simultaneously copolymerizing two or more different (poly (oxyalkylene)) acrylates (or methacrylates) or the like may be used.
- the content of the surfactant is preferably 0.0001 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.0005 to 1% by mass, based on the total solid content of the resist composition of the present invention.
- the resist composition of the present invention may contain a solvent.
- the solvent is a group consisting of (M1) propylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate and (M2) propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, lactic acid ester, acetate ester, alkoxypropionic acid ester, chain ketone, cyclic ketone, lactone, and alkylene carbonate. It preferably contains at least one of the more selected.
- the solvent may further contain components other than the components (M1) and (M2).
- the present inventors have found that when such a solvent is used in combination with the above-mentioned resin (A), the coatability of the composition is improved and a pattern having a small number of development defects can be formed. .. The reason is not always clear, but since these solvents have a good balance of solubility, boiling point and viscosity of the resin (A) described above, uneven film thickness of the composition film and generation of precipitates in spin coating, etc. The present inventors believe that this is due to the ability to suppress.
- the component (M1) at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA: propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate), propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate, and propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate is preferable, and propylene glycol is preferable.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- PGMEA Monomethyl ether acetate
- the components (M2) are preferably as follows.
- propylene glycol monoalkyl ether propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME: propylene glycol monomethyl ether) or propylene glycol monoethyl ether (PGEE) is preferable.
- PGME propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- PGEE propylene glycol monoethyl ether
- lactate ester ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, or propyl lactate is preferable.
- acetic acid ester methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, propyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, methyl formate, ethyl acetate, butyl formate, propyl formate, or 3-methoxybutyl acetate are preferable. Butyl butyrate is also preferred.
- alkoxypropionic acid ester methyl 3-methoxypropionate (MMP: methyl 3-methoxypropionate) or ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP: ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate) is preferable.
- Chain ketones include 1-octanone, 2-octanone, 1-nonanonone, 2-nonanonone, acetone, 2-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 1-hexanone, 2-hexanone, diisobutyl ketone, phenylacetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl.
- Ketones, acetylacetone, acetonylacetone, ionone, diacetonyl alcohol, acetylcarbinol, acetophenone, methylnaphthylketone, or methylamylketone are preferred.
- cyclic ketone methylcyclohexanone, isophorone, or cyclohexanone is preferable.
- lactone ⁇ -butyrolactone is preferable.
- alkylene carbonate propylene carbonate is preferable.
- propylene glycol monomethyl ether PGME
- ethyl lactate ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate
- methylamyl ketone cyclohexanone
- butyl acetate pentyl acetate
- ⁇ -butyrolactone propylene carbonate
- an ester solvent having 7 or more carbon atoms (preferably 7 to 14, more preferably 7 to 12 and even more preferably 7 to 10) and having a heteroatom number of 2 or less.
- Ester-based solvents having 7 or more carbon atoms and 2 or less heteroatomic atoms include amyl acetate, 2-methylbutyl acetate, 1-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, pentyl propionate, hexyl propionate, butyl propionate, and isobutyl isobutyrate. , Heptyl propionate, or butyl butate is preferred, and isoamyl acetate is more preferred.
- the component (M2) preferably has a flash point (hereinafter, also referred to as fp) of 37 ° C. or higher.
- fp flash point
- Examples of such a component (M2) include propylene glycol monomethyl ether (fp: 47 ° C.), ethyl lactate (fp: 53 ° C.), ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (fp: 49 ° C.), and methylamyl ketone (fp: 42 ° C.).
- °C cyclohexanone
- fp: 44 ° C pentyl acetate
- fp: 45 ° C methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate
- ⁇ -butyrolactone fp: 101 ° C
- propylene carbonate fp: 132 ° C.
- °C propylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethyl lactate, pentyl acetate, or cyclohexanone is more preferable, and propylene glycol monoethyl ether or ethyl lactate is even more preferable.
- the "flash point” means a value described in the reagent catalog of Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. or Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd.
- the mass ratio (M1 / M2) of the mixture of the component (M1) and the component (M2) in the mixed solvent is preferably in the range of "100/0" to "15/85", and is preferably "100/0". More preferably, it is in the range of "40/60".
- the solvent may further contain components other than the components (M1) and (M2).
- the content of the components other than the components (M1) and (M2) is preferably in the range of 30% by mass or less and more preferably in the range of 5 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the solvent.
- the content of the solvent in the resist composition of the present invention is preferably set so that the solid content concentration is 0.5 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 1 to 20% by mass. Then, the coatability of the resist composition of the present invention is more excellent.
- the "solid content” is intended as a component forming a resist film and does not contain a solvent. Further, if it is a component forming a resist film, even if its property is liquid, it is regarded as a solid content.
- the resist composition of the present invention further comprises a resin other than those described above, a cross-linking agent, an acid growth agent, a dye, a plasticizer, a photosensitizer, a light absorber, an alkali-soluble resin, a dissolution inhibitor, a dissolution accelerator and the like. May include.
- the resist composition of the present invention is suitably used as a photosensitive composition for EUV light.
- EUV light has a wavelength of 13.5 nm, which is shorter than ArF (wavelength 193 nm) light and the like, so that the number of incident photons when exposed with the same sensitivity is small. Therefore, the influence of "photon shot noise" in which the number of photons varies stochastically is large, which causes deterioration of LER and bridge defects.
- One way to reduce photon shot noise is to increase the amount of exposure and increase the number of incident photons, but this is a trade-off with the demand for higher sensitivity.
- the absorption efficiency of EUV light and electron beam of the resist film formed from the resist composition becomes high, which is effective in reducing photon shot noise.
- the A value represents the absorption efficiency of EUV light and electron beam in the mass ratio of the resist film.
- the A value is preferably 0.120 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but if the A value is too large, the EUV light and electron beam transmittance of the resist film decreases, the optical image profile in the resist film deteriorates, and as a result, it becomes difficult to obtain a good pattern shape. Therefore, 0.240 or less is preferable, and 0.220 or less is more preferable.
- [H] represents the molar ratio of hydrogen atoms derived from the total solid content to the total atoms of the total solid content in the sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition
- [C] Represents the molar ratio of carbon atoms derived from the total solid content to all the atoms of the total solid content in the sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition
- [N] is the sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin.
- [S] represents the molar ratio of sulfur atoms derived from the total solids to all the atoms of the total solids in the sensitive light-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, and [I] represents the sensitive light rays. It represents the molar ratio of iodine atoms derived from all solids to all atoms of all solids in the sex or radiation sensitive resin composition.
- the resist composition contains a resin (acid-degradable resin) whose polarity is increased by the action of an acid, a photoacid generator, an acid diffusion control agent, and a solvent, the resin, the photoacid generator, and the acid.
- the diffusion control agent corresponds to the solid content. That is, all the atoms of the total solid content correspond to the total of all the atoms derived from the resin, all the atoms derived from the photoacid generator, and all the atoms derived from the acid diffusion control agent.
- [H] represents the molar ratio of hydrogen atoms derived from all solids to all atoms of all solids.
- [H] is all atoms derived from the resin and the light.
- the hydrogen atom derived from the resin, the hydrogen atom derived from the photoacid generator, and the hydrogen derived from the acid diffusion controller with respect to the total of all the atoms derived from the acid generator and all the atoms derived from the acid diffusion regulator. It represents the total molar ratio of atoms.
- the A value can be calculated by calculating the structure of the constituent components of the total solid content in the resist composition and, if the content is known, the ratio of the number of atoms contained in the resist composition. Further, even when the constituent components are unknown, the constituent atomic number ratio can be calculated for the resist film obtained by evaporating the solvent component of the resist composition by an analytical method such as elemental analysis. ..
- a resist film can be formed using the above composition, and a pattern can be further formed.
- the procedure of the pattern forming method using the above composition is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to have the following steps.
- Step 1 Using the composition to form a resist film on the support (on the substrate)
- Step 2 Step of exposing the resist film
- Step 3 Step of developing the exposed resist film with a developing solution , The procedure of each of the above steps will be described in detail.
- Step 1 is a step of forming a resist film on the support (on the substrate) using the composition.
- the definition of the composition is as described above. Hereinafter, a specific example of the method for preparing the composition will be shown. In the composition used in the pattern forming method of the present invention, it is preferable that the content of metal atoms is reduced.
- the method for reducing the content of metal atoms in the composition include a method for adjusting by filtration using a filter.
- the filter pore size is preferably less than 100 nm, more preferably 10 nm or less, and even more preferably 5 nm or less.
- a filter made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or nylon is preferable.
- the filter may be composed of a composite material in which the above filter material and an ion exchange medium are combined.
- the filter may be one that has been pre-cleaned with an organic solvent.
- a plurality of types of filters may be connected in series or in parallel.
- filters having different pore diameters and / or materials may be used in combination.
- various materials may be filtered a plurality of times, and the step of filtering the various materials a plurality of times may be a circulation filtration step.
- a method of selecting a raw material having a low metal content as a raw material constituting various materials in the composition examples thereof include a method of performing filter filtration and a method of performing distillation under conditions in which contamination is suppressed as much as possible by lining the inside of the device with Teflon (registered trademark).
- a method for reducing the content of metal atoms in the composition in addition to the above-mentioned filter filtration, removal with an adsorbent may be performed, or filter filtration and the adsorbent may be used in combination.
- a known adsorbent can be used.
- an inorganic adsorbent such as silica gel and zeolite, and an organic adsorbent such as activated carbon can be used.
- it is necessary to prevent the mixing of metal impurities in the manufacturing process it is necessary to prevent the mixing of metal impurities in the manufacturing process. Whether or not the metal impurities have been sufficiently removed from the manufacturing equipment can be confirmed by measuring the content of the metal components contained in the cleaning liquid used for cleaning the manufacturing equipment.
- the method for preparing the composition for example, it is preferable to dissolve various components such as the above-mentioned resin and photoacid generator in a solvent and then perform filtration (may be circulation filtration) using a plurality of filters made of different materials. ..
- filtration may be circulation filtration
- a method of performing circulation filtration twice or more is also preferable.
- the filtration step also has the effect of reducing the content of metal atoms in the composition.
- a method of performing circulation filtration using a filter in the production of the composition for example, a method of performing circulation filtration twice or more using a polytetrafluoroethylene filter having a pore size of 50 nm is also preferable.
- the inside of the composition manufacturing apparatus is gas-replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen.
- the composition is filtered through a filter and then filled in a clean container.
- the composition filled in the container is preferably stored refrigerated. As a result, performance deterioration over time is suppressed.
- the shorter the time from the completion of filling the composition into the container to the start of refrigerated storage is preferably, generally within 24 hours, preferably within 16 hours, more preferably within 12 hours, and 10 Within hours is even more preferred.
- the storage temperature is preferably 0 to 15 ° C, more preferably 0 to 10 ° C, and even more preferably 0 to 5 ° C.
- Examples of the method of forming a resist film on the substrate using the composition include a method of applying the composition on the substrate.
- the composition can be applied onto a substrate (eg, silicon, silicon dioxide coating) such as that used in the manufacture of integrated circuit devices by a suitable coating method such as a spinner or coater.
- a coating method spin coating using a spinner is preferable.
- the rotation speed at the time of spin coating using a spinner is preferably 1000 to 3000 rpm.
- the substrate may be dried to form a resist film. If necessary, various undercoat films (inorganic film, organic film, antireflection film) may be formed under the resist film.
- Examples of the drying method include a method of heating and drying.
- the heating can be performed by a means provided in a normal exposure machine and / or a developing machine, and may be performed by using a hot plate or the like.
- the heating temperature is preferably 80 to 150 ° C, more preferably 80 to 140 ° C, and even more preferably 80 to 130 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably 30 to 1000 seconds, more preferably 60 to 800 seconds, still more preferably 60 to 600 seconds.
- the film thickness of the resist film is not particularly limited, but 10 to 150 nm is preferable, and 15 to 100 nm is more preferable, from the viewpoint of forming a fine pattern with higher accuracy.
- a top coat may be formed on the upper layer of the resist film by using the top coat composition. It is preferable that the topcoat composition is not mixed with the resist film and can be uniformly applied to the upper layer of the resist film. Further, it is preferable to dry the resist film before forming the top coat. Next, the topcoat composition can be formed on the obtained resist film by applying the topcoat composition on the obtained resist film by the same means as the method for forming the resist film and further drying.
- the film thickness of the top coat is preferably 10 to 200 nm, more preferably 20 to 100 nm.
- the topcoat composition contains, for example, a resin, an additive and a solvent. As the resin, the same resin as the hydrophobic resin described above can be used.
- the content of the resin is preferably 50 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 60 to 99.7% by mass, based on the total solid content of the topcoat composition.
- solid content means a component forming a top coat and does not contain a solvent. Further, if it is a component that forms a top coat, even if its property is liquid, it is regarded as a solid content.
- the acid diffusion control agent described above can be used.
- a compound having a radical trap group such as a compound having an N-oxyl-free radical group can also be used. Examples of such a compound include [4- (benzoyloxy) -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy] radicals.
- the content of the additive is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, based on the total solid content of the topcoat composition.
- the solvent preferably does not dissolve the resist film, for example, an alcohol solvent (4-methyl-2-pentanol, etc.), an ether solvent (diisoamyl ether, etc.), an ester solvent, a fluorine solvent, and a hydrocarbon. Examples thereof include a hydrogen solvent (n-decane, etc.).
- the content of the solvent in the topcoat composition is preferably set so that the solid content concentration is 0.5 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 1 to 20% by mass.
- the top coat composition may contain a surfactant in addition to the above-mentioned additives, and as the above-mentioned surfactant, a surfactant which may be contained in the resist composition of the present invention can be used.
- the content of the surfactant is preferably 0.0001 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.0005 to 1% by mass, based on the total solid content of the topcoat composition.
- the top coat is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known top coat can be formed by a conventionally known method. For example, based on the description in paragraphs [0072] to [0082] of JP-A-2014-059543. Can form a top coat.
- a top coat containing a basic compound as described in JP2013-61648A on the resist film.
- the basic compound that can be contained in the top coat include basic compounds that may be contained in the resist composition of the present invention.
- the top coat preferably contains a compound containing at least one group or bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, a thioether bond, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, a carbonyl bond and an ester bond.
- Step 2 is a step of exposing the resist film.
- the exposure method include a method of irradiating the formed resist film with active light rays or radiation through a predetermined mask.
- the active light or radiation include infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, far ultraviolet light, extreme ultraviolet light, X-ray, and electron beam, preferably 250 nm or less, more preferably 220 nm or less, and particularly preferably 1.
- the heating temperature is preferably 80 to 150 ° C, more preferably 80 to 140 ° C, and even more preferably 80 to 130 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably 10 to 1000 seconds, more preferably 10 to 180 seconds, still more preferably 30 to 120 seconds.
- the heating can be performed by a means provided in a normal exposure machine and / or a developing machine, and may be performed by using a hot plate or the like. This process is also called post-exposure baking.
- Step 3 is a step of developing the exposed resist film using a developing solution to form a pattern.
- a developing method a method of immersing the substrate in a tank filled with a developing solution for a certain period of time (dip method), and a method of raising the developing solution on the surface of the substrate by surface tension and allowing it to stand still for a certain period of time (paddle method).
- a method of spraying the developer on the surface of the substrate spray method
- a method of continuing to eject the developer while scanning the developer discharge nozzle at a constant speed on the substrate rotating at a constant speed (dynamic discharge method).
- a step of stopping the development may be carried out while substituting with another solvent.
- the development time is not particularly limited as long as the resin in the unexposed portion is sufficiently dissolved, and is preferably 10 to 300 seconds, more preferably 20 to 120 seconds.
- the temperature of the developing solution is preferably 0 to 50 ° C, more preferably 15 to 35 ° C.
- the developing solution examples include an alkaline developing solution and an organic solvent developing solution.
- the alkaline developer it is preferable to use an alkaline aqueous solution containing an alkali.
- the type of alkaline aqueous solution is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, a quaternary ammonium salt typified by tetramethylammonium hydroxide, an inorganic alkali, a primary amine, a secondary amine, a tertiary amine, an alcohol amine, a cyclic amine, and the like.
- An alkaline aqueous solution can be mentioned.
- the alkaline developer is preferably an aqueous solution of a quaternary ammonium salt typified by tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH).
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- An appropriate amount of alcohols, surfactants and the like may be added to the alkaline developer.
- the alkali concentration of the alkaline developer is usually 0.1 to 20% by mass.
- the pH of the alkaline developer is usually 10.0 to 15.0.
- the organic solvent developer is a developer containing an organic solvent.
- the vapor pressure of the organic solvent contained in the organic solvent developer (in the case of a mixed solvent, the vapor pressure as a whole) is preferably 5 kPa or less, more preferably 3 kPa or less, and further preferably 2 kPa or less at 20 ° C.
- Examples of the organic solvent used in the organic solvent developing solution include known organic solvents, and examples thereof include ester-based solvents, ketone-based solvents, alcohol-based solvents, amide-based solvents, ether-based solvents, and hydrocarbon-based solvents.
- the organic solvent contained in the organic solvent developing solution has 7 or more carbon atoms (preferably 7 to 14 and 7 to 14) from the viewpoint that swelling of the resist film can be suppressed when EUV and an electron beam are used in the exposure step. 12 is more preferable, and 7 to 10 is more preferable), and it is preferable to use an ester solvent having a heteroatom number of 2 or less.
- the hetero atom of the ester-based solvent is an atom other than a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, and examples thereof include an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a sulfur atom.
- the number of heteroatoms is preferably 2 or less.
- Ester-based solvents having 7 or more carbon atoms and 2 or less heteroatomic atoms include amyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, 2-methylbutyl acetate, 1-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, pentyl propionate, hexyl propionate, and butyl propionate. , Isobutyl isobutyrate, heptyl propionate, butyl butane and the like are preferred, and isoamyl acetate is more preferred.
- the organic solvent contained in the organic solvent developing solution is replaced with the ester solvent and the ester solvent having 7 or more carbon atoms and 2 or less hetero atoms.
- a mixed solvent of the above-mentioned hydrocarbon solvent or the above-mentioned ketone solvent and the above-mentioned hydrocarbon solvent may be used. Even in this case, it is effective in suppressing the swelling of the resist film.
- ester solvent When an ester solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent are used in combination, it is preferable to use isoamyl acetate as the ester solvent.
- hydrocarbon solvent a saturated hydrocarbon solvent (for example, octane, nonane, decane, dodecane, undecane, hexadecane, etc.) is preferable from the viewpoint of adjusting the solubility of the resist film.
- a ketone solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent are used in combination, it is preferable to use 2-heptanone as the ketone solvent.
- a saturated hydrocarbon solvent for example, octane, nonane, decane, dodecane, undecane, hexadecane, etc. is preferable from the viewpoint of adjusting the solubility of the resist film.
- the content of the hydrocarbon solvent depends on the solvent solubility of the resist membrane, and is not particularly limited, and the required amount may be determined as appropriate.
- a plurality of the above organic solvents may be mixed, or may be mixed with a solvent other than the above or water and used.
- the water content of the developing solution as a whole is preferably less than 10% by mass, and more preferably substantially no water is contained.
- the concentration of the organic solvent (total in the case of a plurality of mixture) in the developing solution is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 50 to 100% by mass, further preferably 85 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 90 to 100% by mass. , 95-100% by mass is most preferable.
- the pattern forming method preferably includes a step of washing with a rinsing solution after the step 3.
- a rinsing solution used in the rinsing step after the step of developing with the developing solution include pure water.
- An appropriate amount of surfactant may be added to pure water.
- An appropriate amount of surfactant may be added to the rinse solution.
- the method of the rinsing process is not particularly limited, but for example, a method of continuously discharging the rinsing liquid onto a substrate rotating at a constant speed (rotary coating method), or immersing the substrate in a tank filled with the rinsing liquid for a certain period of time. Examples thereof include a method (dip method) and a method of spraying a rinse liquid on the substrate surface (spray method).
- the pattern forming method of the present invention may include a heating step (Post Bake) after the rinsing step. In this step, the developer and rinse liquid remaining between the patterns and inside the patterns are removed by baking. In addition, this step has the effect of smoothing the resist pattern and improving the surface roughness of the pattern.
- the heating step after the rinsing step is usually performed at 40 to 250 ° C. (preferably 90 to 200 ° C.) for 10 seconds to 3 minutes (preferably 30 to 120 seconds).
- the substrate may be etched using the formed pattern as a mask. That is, the pattern formed in step 3 may be used as a mask to process the substrate (or the underlayer film and the substrate) to form the pattern on the substrate.
- the processing method of the substrate (or the underlayer film and the substrate) is not particularly limited, but the pattern is formed on the substrate by performing dry etching on the substrate (or the underlayer film and the substrate) using the pattern formed in step 3 as a mask.
- the method of forming is preferred.
- the dry etching may be one-step etching or multi-step etching. When the etching is an etching consisting of a plurality of stages, the etching of each stage may be the same process or different processes.
- any known method can be used for etching, and various conditions and the like are appropriately determined according to the type and application of the substrate.
- the Bulletin of the International Society of Optical Engineering (Proc. Of SPIE) Vol. Etching can be performed according to 6924, 692420 (2008), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-267112, and the like.
- the method described in "Chapter 4 Etching" of "Semiconductor Process Textbook 4th Edition 2007 Published Publisher: SEMI Japan” can also be applied.
- oxygen plasma etching is preferable as the dry etching.
- impurities such as metals (for example, Na).
- K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, Al, Li, Cr, Ni, Sn, Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Co, Pb, Ti, V, W, Zn, etc. are preferable.
- the content of impurities contained in these materials is preferably, for example, 1 mass ppm or less.
- the filter pore size is preferably less than 100 nm, more preferably 10 nm or less, and even more preferably 5 nm or less.
- a filter made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or nylon is preferable.
- the filter may be composed of a composite material in which the above filter material and an ion exchange medium are combined.
- the filter may be one that has been pre-cleaned with an organic solvent.
- a plurality of types of filters may be connected in series or in parallel.
- filters having different pore diameters and / or materials may be used in combination. Further, various materials may be filtered a plurality of times, and the step of filtering the various materials a plurality of times may be a circulation filtration step.
- a method for reducing impurities such as metals in various materials other than the composition a method of selecting a raw material having a low metal content as a raw material constituting various materials, and a method of filtering the raw materials constituting various materials with a filter. And a method of performing distillation under conditions in which contamination is suppressed as much as possible, such as by lining the inside of the apparatus with Teflon (registered trademark).
- impurities may be removed by an adsorbent in addition to the above-mentioned filter filtration, and the filter filtration and the adsorbent may be used in combination. You may.
- a known adsorbent can be used.
- an inorganic adsorbent such as silica gel and zeolite, and an organic adsorbent such as activated carbon can be used.
- Conductive compounds are added to organic treatment liquids such as rinse liquids to prevent damage to chemical liquid piping and various parts (filters, O-rings, tubes, etc.) due to static electricity charging and subsequent electrostatic discharge. You may.
- the conductive compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include methanol.
- the amount to be added is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of maintaining preferable development characteristics or rinsing characteristics.
- various pipes coated with SUS (stainless steel) or antistatic treated polyethylene, polypropylene, or fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.) can be used.
- antistatic treated polyethylene, polypropylene, or fluororesin polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.
- a method for improving the surface roughness of the pattern may be applied to the pattern formed by the method of the present invention.
- Examples of the method for improving the surface roughness of the pattern include a method of treating the pattern with a plasma of a hydrogen-containing gas disclosed in International Publication No. 2014/002808.
- SPIE Vol. 8328 83280N-1 "EUV Resist Curing Technology for LWR Reduction and Etch Sensitivity Enhancement" can be mentioned.
- the aspect ratio obtained by dividing the pattern height by the line width is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.1 or less, still more preferably 1.7 or less. ..
- the pattern to be formed is a trench pattern or a contact hole pattern
- the aspect ratio obtained by dividing the pattern height by the trench width or the hole diameter is preferably 4.0 or less, preferably 3.5. The following is more preferable, and 3.0 or less is further preferable.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention can also be used for guide pattern forming in DSA (Directed Self-Assembly) (see, for example, ACS Nano Vol. 4 No. 8 Page 4815-4823).
- DSA Directed Self-Assembly
- the pattern formed by the above method can be used as, for example, the core material (core) of the spacer process disclosed in JP-A-3-270227 and JP2013-164509.
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an electronic device, including the above-mentioned pattern forming method.
- the electronic device is preferably mounted on an electric / electronic device (home appliance, OA (Office Automation), media-related device, optical device, communication device, etc.).
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and dispersity (Mw / Mn) of the resins A-1 to A-33 were measured by GPC (carrier: tetrahydrofuran (THF)) (in terms of polystyrene).
- the composition ratio (mol% ratio) of the resin was measured by 13 C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance).
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw: polystyrene equivalent) determined from the GPC (carrier: tetrahydrofuran (THF)) of the obtained resin A-1 was 6500, and the dispersity (Mw / Mn) was 1.52. 13
- the composition ratio measured by C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) was 50/50 in molar ratio.
- Photoacid generator B The structures of the photoacid generators B (Compounds B-1 to B-29) shown in Tables 5 and 9 are shown below.
- Compounds B-1 to B-18, B-22 to 24, and B-27 to 29 correspond to the above-mentioned compound (I)
- compounds B-20, B-25, and B-26 correspond to the above-mentioned compound (I). It corresponds to the above-mentioned compound (II)
- the compound B-19 and the compound 21 correspond to the above-mentioned compound (III).
- Table 2 shows the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of the acid generated from the photoacid generator B.
- a compound formed by substituting H + for each cation site in compounds B-1 to B-29 is targeted, and as described above, the substituent constant of Hammett is used using the software package 1 of ACD / Labs. And the value based on the database of publicly known document values was obtained by calculation.
- compounds B-1 to B-18, B-22 to 24, and B-27 to 29 correspond to the above-mentioned compound (I).
- pKa1 corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a1 described above
- pKa2 corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a2 described above.
- compounds B-20, B-25, and B-26 correspond to the above-mentioned compound (II).
- pKa1 corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a1 described above
- pKa3 corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a2 described above. Since the acid generated from compound B-20 (a compound formed by replacing the triphenylsulfonium cation of compound B-20 with H + ) has a symmetric structure, the two first acidic sites derived from the structural site X The acid dissociation constant (pKa) is theoretically the same value.
- the acid dissociation constants of the two first acidic sites derived from the structural site X are obtained as the acid dissociation constant pKa1 of the first stage and the acid dissociation constant pKa2 of the second stage.
- the acid dissociation constant pKa1 of the acid dissociation constant of the two first acidic sites derived from the structural site X is the acid dissociation constant a1 described above.
- compounds B-19 and B-21 correspond to the above-mentioned compound (III).
- pKa1 corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a1 described above. That is, the acids generated from compounds B-19 and B-21 are the same as the acids generated from compound B-20, and the acid dissociation constants (pKa) of the two first acidic sites derived from the structural site X are the same. The smallest value among them (that is, the acid dissociation constant pKa1) corresponds to the acid dissociation constant a1 described above.
- Photoacid generator C The structures of the photoacid generators C (Compounds C-1 to C-25) shown in Tables 5 and 9 are shown below.
- Compounds C-1 to C-7 and C-9 to C-25 correspond to compounds represented by the above-mentioned general formula (1)
- compound C-8 corresponds to the above-mentioned general formula (2). Corresponds to the represented compound.
- PKa of conjugate acid of photoacid generator C pKa of the conjugate acid of the photoacid generator C is shown.
- the pKa of the conjugate acid other than the compound C-8 in the photoacid generator C was determined by the above-mentioned calculation method for the compound in which the cation moiety in the photoacid generator C was replaced with H + .
- the pKa of the conjugate acid of compound C-8 was determined by the above-mentioned calculation method for the compound in which a proton was added to the anion moiety in the photoacid generator C.
- Acid diffusion control agent The structures of the acid diffusion control agents D (Compounds D-1 to D-5) shown in Tables 5 and 9 are shown below.
- Compound D-5 forms an acid intermediate by irradiation with active light or radiation, and is then converted to a compound having a pKa of 4.2 by intramolecular neutralization.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and dispersity (Mw / Mn) of the hydrophobic resins E-1 to E-12 and the topcoat resins PT-1 to PT-3 are determined by GPC (carrier: tetrahydrofuran (THF)). Measured (polystyrene equivalent). The composition ratio (mol% ratio) of the resin was measured by 13 C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance).
- H-1 Megafuck F176 (manufactured by DIC Corporation, fluorine-based surfactant)
- H-2 Megafuck R08 (manufactured by DIC Corporation, fluorine and silicon-based surfactant)
- H-3 PF656 (manufactured by OMNOVA, fluorine-based surfactant)
- Content ratio T Content of photoacid generator B (mass%) / Content of photoacid generator C (mass%)
- topcoat composition The various components contained in the topcoat composition shown in Table 6 are shown below.
- ⁇ Resin> As the resin shown in Table 6, the resins PT-1 to PT-3 shown in Table 4 were used.
- FT-1 4-Methyl-2-pentanol (MIBC)
- MIBC 4-Methyl-2-pentanol
- FT-2 n-decane
- FT-3 diisoamyl ether
- top coat composition Each component shown in Table 6 was mixed so as to have a solid content concentration of 3% by mass, and then the obtained mixed solution was first subjected to a polyethylene filter having a pore size of 50 nm, and then a nylon filter having a pore size of 10 nm. Finally, a top coat composition was prepared by filtering in the order of a polyethylene filter having a pore size of 5 nm.
- the solid content here means all components other than the solvent. The resulting topcoat composition was used in the examples.
- the film thickness of the top coat film was 100 nm in each case.
- an ArF excimer laser immersion scanner manufactured by ASML; XT700i, NA1.20, Dipole, outer sigma 0.950, inner sigma 0.850, Y-polarized light
- the line width is 45 nm 1: Exposure was performed through a 6% halftone mask with a 1-line and space pattern. Ultrapure water was used as the immersion liquid. The resist film after exposure was baked at 90 ° C. for 60 seconds, developed with n-butyl acetate for 30 seconds, and then rinsed with 4-methyl-2-pentanol for 30 seconds. Then, this was spin-dried to obtain a negative pattern.
- the resist composition further contains a photoacid generator C (a compound represented by the general formula (1) and one or more compounds of the compound represented by the general formula (2)). And the content ratio T is 15.0 to 40.0.
- the content of the photoacid generator B (the total content when a plurality of types are contained) is 23.0% by mass or more and less than 26.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the composition. is there.
- the line width is 45 nm 1: Exposure was performed through a 6% halftone mask with a 1-line and space pattern. Ultrapure water was used as the immersion liquid. The resist film after exposure was baked at 90 ° C. for 60 seconds, developed with an aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (2.38% by mass) for 30 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water for 30 seconds. Then, this was spin-dried to obtain a positive pattern.
- the obtained positive pattern was subjected to the negative pattern obtained by the above-mentioned [Pattern formation (1): ArF immersion exposure, organic solvent development] (line with sloughness (LWR, nm)). ) Performance evaluation was carried out.
- the LWR (nm) is preferably 3.3 nm or less, more preferably 2.8 nm or less, and even more preferably 2.4 nm or less.
- the results of the above evaluation tests are shown in Table 8 below.
- the resist composition further contains a photoacid generator C (a compound represented by the general formula (1) and one or more compounds of the compound represented by the general formula (2)). And the content ratio T is 15.0 to 40.0.
- the content of the photoacid generator B (the total content when a plurality of types are contained) is 23.0% by mass or more and less than 26.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the composition. is there.
- Content ratio T Content of photoacid generator B (mass%) / Content of photoacid generator C (mass%)
- the underlayer film forming composition AL412 (manufactured by Brewer Science) was applied onto a silicon wafer and baked at 205 ° C. for 60 seconds to form a base film having a film thickness of 20 nm.
- the resin composition shown in Table 10 was applied onto the resin composition and baked at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds to form a resist film having a film thickness of 30 nm.
- an EUV exposure device Micro Exposure Tool, NA0.3, Quadrupole, outer sigma 0.68, inner sigma 0.36, manufactured by Exitech
- pattern irradiation was performed on the silicon wafer having the obtained resist film. It was.
- the resist film after exposure was baked at 90 ° C. for 60 seconds, developed with n-butyl acetate for 30 seconds, and spin-dried to obtain a negative pattern.
- the resist composition further contains a photoacid generator C (a compound represented by the general formula (1) and one or more compounds of the compound represented by the general formula (2)). And the content ratio T is 15.0 to 40.0.
- the content of the photoacid generator B (the total content when a plurality of types are contained) is 23.0% by mass or more and less than 26.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the composition. is there.
- the underlayer film forming composition AL412 (manufactured by Brewer Science) was applied onto a silicon wafer and baked at 205 ° C. for 60 seconds to form a base film having a film thickness of 20 nm.
- the resin composition shown in Table 11 was applied thereto and baked at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds to form a resist film having a film thickness of 30 nm.
- an EUV exposure device Micro Exposure Tool, NA0.3, Quadrupole, outer sigma 0.68, inner sigma 0.36, manufactured by Exitech
- pattern irradiation was performed on the silicon wafer having the obtained resist film. It was.
- the resist film after exposure was baked at 90 ° C. for 60 seconds, developed with an aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (2.38% by mass) for 30 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water for 30 seconds. Then, this was spin-dried to obtain a positive pattern.
- the obtained positive pattern was subjected to the negative pattern obtained by the above-mentioned [Pattern formation (3): EUV exposure, organic solvent development] (line with slagness (LWR, nm)).
- Performance evaluation was carried out.
- the LWR (nm) is preferably 4.5 nm or less, more preferably 4.1 nm or less, and even more preferably 3.8 nm or less.
- the results of the above evaluation tests are shown in Table 11 below.
- condition [S1] At least one of the following condition (S1-1) and the following condition (S1-2) is satisfied.
- Condition (S1-1) The resist composition further contains a photoacid generator C (a compound represented by the general formula (1) and one or more compounds of the compound represented by the general formula (2)). And the content ratio T is 15.0 to 40.0.
- condition (S1-2) The content of the photoacid generator B (the total content when a plurality of types are contained) is 23.0% by mass or more and less than 26.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the composition. is there.
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Abstract
Description
半導体素子の微細化のために、露光光源の短波長化及び投影レンズの高開口数(高NA)化が進み、現在では、193nmの波長を有するArFエキシマレーザーを光源とする露光機が開発されている。
このような現状のもと、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として、種々の構成が提案されている。
また、本発明は、上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いたレジスト膜及びパターン形成方法、並びに上記パターン形成方法を用いた電子デバイスの製造方法を提供することを課題とする。
活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物とを含む、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物であって、
上記活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物が、後述する化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物を1種以上含み、
上記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量が、上記組成物中の全固形分に対して、20.0質量%超である、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔2〕 上記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量が、上記組成物中の全固形分に対して、22.7質量%超である、〔1〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔3〕 上記化合物(I)及び上記化合物(II)において、上記酸解離定数a1と上記酸解離定数a2の差が2.0以上である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔4〕 上記化合物(I)及び上記化合物(II)において、上記酸解離定数a2が2.0以下である、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔5〕 上記活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物が、さらに、後述する一般式(1)で表される化合物、及び後述する一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる化合物を1種以上含む、〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔6〕 上記一般式(1)中のM3 +をH+に置き換えたHA3-La-Raで表される化合物Qにおいて、HA3で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、2.0以下であり、上記一般式(2)中のA4 -をHA4に置き換えたHA4-Lb-M4 +-(Rb)mで表される化合物Rにおいて、HA4で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、2.0以下である、〔5〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔7〕 上記化合物Qにおいて、上記HA3で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、-2.0以下であり、上記化合物Rにおいて、HA4で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、-2.0以下である、〔6〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔8〕 下記式(1)で表される含有量比Tが、15.0~40.0である、〔6〕又は〔7〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
式(1):含有量比T=上記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量(質量%)/上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量(質量%)
〔9〕 上記含有量比Tが、23.0~40.0である、〔8〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔10〕 〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて形成された、レジスト膜。
〔11〕 〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて支持体上にレジスト膜を形成する工程と、
上記レジスト膜を露光する工程と、
上記露光されたレジスト膜を、現像液を用いて現像する工程と、を有する、パターン形成方法。
〔12〕 〔11〕に記載のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
また、本発明によれば、上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いたレジスト膜及びパターン形成方法、並びに上記パターン形成方法を用いた電子デバイスの製造方法を提供できる。
以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、本発明の代表的な実施態様に基づいてなされる場合があるが、本発明はそのような実施態様に限定されない。
本明細書中における基(原子団)の表記について、本発明の趣旨に反しない限り、置換及び無置換を記していない表記は、置換基を有さない基と共に置換基を有する基をも包含する。例えば、「アルキル基」とは、置換基を有さないアルキル基(無置換アルキル基)のみならず、置換基を有するアルキル基(置換アルキル基)をも包含する。また、本明細書中における「有機基」とは、少なくとも1個の炭素原子を含む基をいう。
置換基は、特に断らない限り、1価の置換基が好ましい。
本明細書中における「活性光線」又は「放射線」とは、例えば、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル、エキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、極紫外線(EUV光: Extreme Ultraviolet)、X線、及び電子線(EB:Electron Beam)等を意味する。本明細書中における「光」とは、活性光線又は放射線を意味する。
本明細書中における「露光」とは、特に断らない限り、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル、エキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、極紫外線、X線、及びEUV光等による露光のみならず、電子線、及びイオンビーム等の粒子線による描画も含む。
本明細書において、「~」とはその前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む意味で使用される。
本明細書において表記される二価の基の結合方向は、特に断らない限り制限されない。例えば、「X-Y-Z」なる一般式で表される化合物中の、Yが-COO-である場合、Yは、-CO-O-であってもよく、-O-CO-であってもよい。また、上記化合物は「X-CO-O-Z」であってもよく「X-O-CO-Z」であってもよい。
本明細書において、樹脂の重量平均分子量(Mw)、数平均分子量(Mn)、及び分散度(分子量分布ともいう)(Mw/Mn)は、GPC(Gel Permeation Chromatography)装置(東ソー社製HLC-8120GPC)によるGPC測定(溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン、流量(サンプル注入量):10μL、カラム:東ソー社製TSK gel Multipore HXL-M、カラム温度:40℃、流速:1.0mL/分、検出器:示差屈折率検出器(Refractive Index Detector))によるポリスチレン換算値として定義される。
また、本明細書中のpKaは、上述した通り「水溶液中でのpKa」を指すが、水溶液中でのpKaが算出できない場合には、「ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)溶液中でのpKa」を採用するものとする。
本発明の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物(以下「レジスト組成物」ともいう)の特徴点としては、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物(以下、単に「光酸発生剤」ともいう。)として、後述する化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物(以下、「光酸発生剤B」ともいう。)を1種以上含む点と、上記光酸発生剤Bの含有量が、組成物中の全固形分に対して20.0質量%超である点と、が挙げられる。
従来の通常のレジスト組成物において、光酸発生剤及び酸拡散制御剤が、それぞれ単独の化合物としてのみ組成物に添加されると、光酸発生剤同士、又は酸拡散制御剤同士で凝集しやすい。そのため、従来の通常のレジスト組成物では、形成されたレジスト膜中に、光酸発生剤の濃度が高い(又は低い)部分、及び酸拡散制御剤の濃度が高い(又は低い)部分が存在して、光酸発生剤と酸拡散制御剤との濃度分布の不均一が生じやすい。その結果、レジスト膜が露光された際に、レジスト膜中で生じる酸の量及び拡散にもムラが生じ、現像後に得られるパターンの幅のバラつきの原因となる。
一方で、上記光酸発生剤Bは、光酸発生剤に相当する機能を有する構造部位Xと、酸拡散制御剤に相当する機能を有する構造部位(構造部位Y又は構造部位Z)との両方を一分子中に含むため、レジスト膜中で、上記構造部位のそれぞれの存在比率を一定にできる。そのため、上記光酸発生剤Bを使用することで、レジスト膜が露光された際にも、レジスト膜中で生じる酸の量及び拡散が均一になりやすく、現像後に得られるパターンの幅が安定しやすい。さらに、今般、本発明者らは、光酸発生剤Bの含有量が、組成物中の全固形分に対して20.0質量%超である場合、レジスト膜中において、露光によって光酸発生剤Bから発生する酸の濃度分布がより均一となり、現像後に得られるパターンの幅がより安定しやすいことを知見している。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、上述した作用機序に基づく効果が相乗的に発現することで、LWR性能に優れたパターンを形成できると推測される。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、ポジ型のレジスト組成物であっても、ネガ型のレジスト組成物であってもよい。また、アルカリ現像用のレジスト組成物であっても、有機溶剤現像用のレジスト組成物であってもよい。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、典型的には、化学増幅型のレジスト組成物である。
以下において、まず、本発明のレジスト組成物の各種成分について詳述する。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物(光酸発生剤)を含む。
本発明のレジスト組成物中、光酸発生剤の含有量(複数種含まれる場合は、その合計含有量)は、組成物の全固形分に対して、20.0質量%以上であることが好ましく、22.7質量%以上であることがより好ましい。また、上限値は特に制限されないが、例えば、40.0質量%以下である。ここでいう光酸発生剤の含有量とは、例えば、本発明のレジスト組成物中に含まれる光酸発生剤が後述する光酸発生剤Bと後述する光酸発生剤Cの2種である場合、光酸発生剤Bと光酸発生剤Cの合計含有量(質量%)を意図する。
なお、本明細書において、レジスト組成物における「固形分」とは、レジスト膜を形成する成分を意図し、溶剤は含まれない。また、レジスト膜を形成する成分であれば、その性状が液体状であっても、固形分とみなす。
なお、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって発生する酸が更に分子内中和等により他の構造に転化する光酸発生剤の場合、転化後の化合物の構造の酸解離定数が上記数値範囲を満たすことが好ましい。
上記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)は、組成物の全固形分に対して、20.0質量%超であり、22.7質量%超が好ましく、23.0質量%以上がより好ましい。また、上限値は特に制限されないが、例えば、70.0質量%以下であり、50.0質量%以下が好ましく、45.0質量%以下がより好ましく、40.0質量%以下が更に好ましく、26.0質量%未満が特に好ましい。
なかでも、組成物が上記化合物(I)及び(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物を含む場合、上記化合物(I)及び(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)の上限値としては、組成物の全固形分に対して、20.0質量%超であり、22.7質量%超が好ましく、23.0質量%以上がより好ましい。また、上限値は特に制限されないが、40.0質量%以下が好ましく、26.0質量%未満がより好ましい。また、組成物が上記化合物(II)を含む場合、上記化合物(II)の含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)の下限値としては、組成物の全固形分に対して、20.0質量%超であり、22.7質量%超が好ましく、23.0質量%以上がより好ましく、38.0質量%超が好ましく、上限値としては、70.0質量%以下が好ましい。
上記化合物(I)~(III)で表される化合物は1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。
上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物は1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を使用してもよい。
光酸発生剤Bは、下記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物である。以下、化合物(I)~(III)について各々説明する。
以下において、化合物(I)について説明する。
化合物(I):下記構造部位Xと下記構造部位Yとを各々1つずつ有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、下記構造部位Xに由来する下記第1の酸性部位と下記構造部位Yに由来する下記第2の酸性部位とを含む酸を発生する化合物
構造部位X:アニオン部位A1 -とカチオン部位M1 +とからなり、且つ活性光線又は放射線の照射によってHA1で表される第1の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
構造部位Y:アニオン部位A2 -とカチオン部位M2 +とからなり、且つ活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、上記構造部位Xにて形成される上記第1の酸性部位とは異なる構造のHA2で表される第2の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
但し、化合物(I)は、下記条件Iを満たす。
条件I:上記化合物(I)において上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +及び上記構造部位Y中の上記カチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなる化合物PIが、上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a1と、上記構造部位Y中の上記カチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA2で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a2を有し、且つ、上記酸解離定数a1よりも上記の酸解離定数a2の方が大きい。
なお、酸解離定数a1及び酸解離定数a2は、上述した方法により求められる。化合物PIの酸解離定数a1及び酸解離定数a2とは、より具体的に説明すると、化合物PIの酸解離定数を求めた場合において、化合物PI(化合物PIは、「HA1とHA2を有する化合物」に該当する。)が「A1 -とHA2を有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a1であり、上記「A1 -とHA2を有する化合物」が「A1 -とA2 -を有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a2である。
また、上記化合物PIとは、化合物(I)に活性光線又は放射線を照射することにより発生する酸に該当する。
M11 + A11 --L1-A12 - M12 + (Ia)
A11 -及びA12 -は、それぞれ独立に、アニオン性官能基を表す。但し、A12 -は、A11 -で表されるアニオン性官能基とは異なる構造を表す。
L1は、2価の連結基を表す。
但し、上記一般式(Ia)において、M11 +及びM12 +で表される有機カチオンをH+に置き換えてなる化合物PIa(HA11-L1-A12H)において、A12Hで表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a2は、HA11で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a1よりも大きい。なお、酸解離定数a1と酸解離定数a2の好適値については、上述した通りである。
RX1としては、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
上記アルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、置換基を有していてもよい。置換基としては、フッ素原子、又はシアノ基が好ましい。上記アルキル基が置換基としてフッ素原子を有する場合、パーフルオロアルキル基であってもよい。
また、上記アルキル基は、炭素原子がカルボニル基で置換されていてもよい。
RX4としては、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
上記アルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、置換基を有していてもよい。置換基としては、フッ素原子、又はシアノ基が好ましい。なお、RX4が置換基としてフッ素原子を有するアルキル基である場合、パーフルオロアルキル基でないことが好ましい。
また、上記アルキル基は、炭素原子がカルボニル基で置換されていてもよい。
RX2で表されるフッ素原子及びパーフルオロアルキル基以外の置換基としては、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
上記アルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、フッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
RXF1で表されるパーフルオロアルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましく、1~6が更に好ましい。
RXF2で表されるパーフルオロアルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましく、1~6が更に好ましい。
これらの2価の連結基は、更に、-S-、-SO-、及び-SO2-からなる群から選択される基を含んでいてもよい。
また、上記アルキレン基、上記シクロアルキレン基、上記アルケニレン基、及び上記2価の脂肪族複素環基は、置換基で置換されていてもよい。置換基としては、例えば、ハロゲン原子(好ましくはフッ素原子)が挙げられる。
また、L1で表される2価の連結基は、置換基として、酸分解性基を有しているのも好ましい。酸分解性基とは、酸の作用により分解して極性基を生じる基を意図し、酸の作用により脱離する脱離基で極性基が保護された構造を有するのが好ましい。上記の酸分解性基としては、後述する酸分解性樹脂が含み得る<酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位>中の酸分解性基と同様のものが挙げられ、その好適態様も同じである。
M11 +及びM12 +で表される有機カチオンは、それぞれ独立に、一般式(ZaI)で表される有機カチオン(カチオン(ZaI))又は一般式(ZaII)で表される有機カチオン(カチオン(ZaII))が好ましい。
R201、R202、及びR203は、それぞれ独立に、有機基を表す。
R201、R202、及びR203としての有機基の炭素数は、通常1~30であり、1~20が好ましい。また、R201~R203のうち2つが結合して環構造を形成してもよく、環内に酸素原子、硫黄原子、エステル基、アミド基、又はカルボニル基を含んでいてもよい。R201~R203の内の2つが結合して形成する基としては、例えば、アルキレン基(例えば、ブチレン基及びペンチレン基)、及び-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-が挙げられる。
カチオン(ZaI-1)は、上記一般式(ZaI)のR201~R203の少なくとも1つがアリール基である、アリールスルホニウムカチオンである。
アリールスルホニウムカチオンは、R201~R203の全てがアリール基でもよいし、R201~R203の一部がアリール基であり、残りがアルキル基又はシクロアルキル基であってもよい。
また、R201~R203のうちの1つがアリール基であり、R201~R203のうちの残りの2つが結合して環構造を形成してもよく、環内に酸素原子、硫黄原子、エステル基、アミド基、又はカルボニル基を含んでいてもよい。R201~R203のうちの2つが結合して形成する基としては、例えば、1つ以上のメチレン基が酸素原子、硫黄原子、エステル基、アミド基、及び/又はカルボニル基で置換されていてもよいアルキレン基(例えば、ブチレン基、ペンチレン基、又は-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-)が挙げられる。
アリールスルホニウムカチオンとしては、例えば、トリアリールスルホニウムカチオン、ジアリールアルキルスルホニウムカチオン、アリールジアルキルスルホニウムカチオン、ジアリールシクロアルキルスルホニウムカチオン、及びアリールジシクロアルキルスルホニウムカチオンが挙げられる。
アリールスルホニウムカチオンが必要に応じて有しているアルキル基又はシクロアルキル基は、炭素数1~15の直鎖状アルキル基、炭素数3~15の分岐鎖状アルキル基、又は炭素数3~15のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等が好ましい。
上記置換基は可能な場合さらに置換基を有していてもよく、例えば、上記アルキル基が置換基としてハロゲン原子を有して、トリフルオロメチル基などのハロゲン化アルキル基となっていることも好ましい。
上記置換基は任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。酸分解性基とは、酸の作用により分解して極性基を生じる基を意図し、酸の作用により脱離する脱離基で極性基が保護された構造を有するのが好ましい。上記の酸分解性基としては、後述する酸分解性樹脂が含み得る<酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位>中の酸分解性基と同様のものが挙げられ、その好適態様も同じである。
カチオン(ZaI-2)は、式(ZaI)におけるR201~R203が、それぞれ独立に、芳香環を有さない有機基を表すカチオンである。ここで芳香環とは、ヘテロ原子を含む芳香族環も包含する。
R201~R203としての芳香環を有さない有機基は、一般的に炭素数1~30であり、炭素数1~20が好ましい。
R201~R203は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリル基、又はビニル基が好ましく、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の2-オキソアルキル基、2-オキソシクロアルキル基、又はアルコキシカルボニルメチル基がより好ましく、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の2-オキソアルキル基が更に好ましい。
R201~R203は、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基(例えば炭素数1~5)、水酸基、シアノ基、又はニトロ基によって更に置換されていてもよい。
また、R201~R203が有する置換基は、それぞれ独立に、置換基の任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。
カチオン(ZaI-3b)は、下記一般式(ZaI-3b)で表されるカチオンである。
R1c~R5cは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基、シクロアルキルカルボニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、ニトロ基、アルキルチオ基、又はアリールチオ基を表す。
R6c及びR7cは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基(t-ブチル基等)、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、又はアリール基を表す。
Rx及びRyは、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、2-オキソアルキル基、2-オキソシクロアルキル基、アルコキシカルボニルアルキル基、アリル基、又はビニル基を表す。
また、R1c~R7c、Rx、及びRyが有する置換基は、それぞれ独立に、置換基の任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。
上記環としては、芳香族又は非芳香族の炭化水素環、芳香族又は非芳香族のヘテロ環、
及びこれらの環が2つ以上組み合わされてなる多環縮合環が挙げられる。環としては、3~10員環が挙げられ、4~8員環が好ましく、5又は6員環がより好ましい。
R5cとR6c、及びR5cとRxが結合して形成する基としては、単結合又はアルキレン基が好ましい。アルキレン基としては、メチレン基及びエチレン基等が挙げられる。
カチオン(ZaI-4b)は、下記一般式(ZaI-4b)で表されるカチオンである。
lは0~2の整数を表す。
rは0~8の整数を表す。
R13は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子(例えば、フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子等)、水酸基、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アルコキシ基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、又はシクロアルキル基を有する基(シクロアルキル基そのものであってもよく、シクロアルキル基を一部に含む基であってもよい)を表す。これらの基は置換基を有してもよい。
R14は、水酸基、ハロゲン原子(例えば、フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子等)、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニル基、アルキルスルホニル基、シクロアルキルスルホニル基、又はシクロアルキル基を有する基(シクロアルキル基そのものであってもよく、シクロアルキル基を一部に含む基であってもよい)を表す。これらの基は置換基を有してもよい。R14は、複数存在する場合はそれぞれ独立して、水酸基等の上記基を表す。
R15は、それぞれ独立して、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、又はナフチル基を表す。これらの基は置換基を有してもよい。2つのR15が互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。2つのR15が互いに結合して環を形成するとき、環骨格内に、酸素原子、又は窒素原子等のヘテロ原子を含んでもよい。一態様において、2つのR15がアルキレン基であり、互いに結合して環構造を形成するのが好ましい。
また、R13~R15、Rx、及びRyが有する置換基は、それぞれ独立に、置換基の任意の組み合わせにより、酸分解性基を形成することも好ましい。
一般式(ZaII)中、R204及びR205は、それぞれ独立に、アリール基、アルキル基又はシクロアルキル基を表す。
R204及びR205のアリール基としてはフェニル基、又はナフチル基が好ましく、フェニル基がより好ましい。R204及びR205のアリール基は、酸素原子、窒素原子、又は硫黄原子等を有するヘテロ環を有するアリール基であってもよい。ヘテロ環を有するアリール基の骨格としては、例えば、ピロール、フラン、チオフェン、インドール、ベンゾフラン、及びベンゾチオフェン等が挙げられる。
R204及びR205のアルキル基及びシクロアルキル基としては、炭素数1~10の直鎖状アルキル基又は炭素数3~10の分岐鎖状アルキル基(例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、又はペンチル基)、又は炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基(例えばシクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、又はノルボルニル基)が好ましい。
以下にM11 +及びM12 +で表される有機カチオンの具体例を示すが、本発明は、これに制限されるものではない。
次に、化合物(II)について説明する。
化合物(II):上記構造部位Xを2つ以上と上記構造部位Yとを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つ以上と上記構造部位Yに由来する上記第2の酸性部位とを含む酸を発生する化合物
但し、化合物(II)は、下記条件IIを満たす。
条件II:上記化合物(II)において上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +及び上記構造部位Y中のカチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなる化合物PIIが、上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a1と、上記構造部位Y中の上記カチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA2で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a2を有し、且つ、上記酸解離定数a1よりも上記酸解離定数a2の方が大きい。
酸解離定数a1及び酸解離定数a2は、上述した方法により求められる。
ここで、化合物PIIの酸解離定数a1及び酸解離定数a2について、より具体的に説明する。化合物(II)が、例えば、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つと、上記構造部位Yに由来する上記第2の酸性部位を1つ有する酸を発生する化合物である場合、化合物PIIは「2つのHA1とHA2を有する化合物」に該当する。この化合物PIIの酸解離定数を求めた場合、化合物PIIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1とHA2とを有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a1であり、「2つのA1 -とHA2とを有する化合物」が「2つのA1 -とA2 -を有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a2である。つまり、化合物PIIが、上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数を複数有する場合、その最も小さい値を酸解離定数a1とみなす。
なお、化合物(II)は、上記構造部位Yを複数有していてもよい。
A21 -及びA22 -は、それぞれ独立に、アニオン性官能基を表す。但し、A22 -
は、A21 -で表されるアニオン性官能基とは異なる構造を表す。
L2は、(n1+n2)価の有機基を表す。
n1は、2以上の整数を表す
n2は、1以上の整数を表す。
但し、上記下記一般式(IIa)において、M21 +及びM22 +で表される有機カチオンをH+に置き換えてなる化合物PIIa(上記一般式(IIa-1)で表される化合物に該当する。)において、A22Hで表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a2は、HA21で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a1よりも大きい。なお、酸解離定数a1と酸解離定数a2の好適値については、上述した通りである。
上記一般式(IIa)中、n1個のM21 +同士、n1個のA21 +同士は、各々互いに同一の基を表す。
上記複素環基は、芳香族複素環基であっても、脂肪族複素環基であってもよい。上記複素環は、少なくとも1つのN原子、O原子、S原子、又はSe原子を環構造内に有する5~10員環であることが好ましく、5~7員環がより好ましく、5~6員環が更に好ましい。
L21及びL22で表される2価の連結基としては、上記一般式(Ia)中のL1で表される2価の連結基と同義であり、好適態様も同じである。
n1は、2以上の整数を表す。上限は特に制限されないが、例えば、6以下であり、4以下が好ましく、3以下がより好ましい。
n2は、1以上の整数を表す。上限は特に制限されないが、例えば、3以下であり、2以下が好ましい。
次に、化合物(III)について説明する。
化合物(III):上記構造部位Xを2つ以上と、下記構造部位Zとを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つ以上と上記構造部位Zとを含む酸を発生する化合物
構造部位Z:酸を中和可能な非イオン性の部位
プロトンと静電的に相互作用し得る基又は電子を有する官能基としては、環状ポリエーテル等のマクロサイクリック構造を有する官能基、又はπ共役に寄与しない非共有電子対をもった窒素原子を有する官能基等が挙げられる。π共役に寄与しない非共有電子対を有する窒素原子とは、例えば、下記式に示す部分構造を有する窒素原子である。
なお、化合物PIIIが、上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数を複数有する場合、その最も小さい値を酸解離定数a1とみなす。
つまり、化合物(III)が、例えば、上記構造部位Xに由来する上記第1の酸性部位を2つと上記構造部位Zとを有する酸を発生する化合物である場合、化合物PIIIは「2つのHA1を有する化合物」に該当する。この化合物PIIIの酸解離定数を求めた場合、化合物PIIIが「1つのA1 -と1つのHA1とを有する化合物」となる際のpKaが酸解離定数a1である。つまり、化合物PIIIが、上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数を複数有する場合、その最も小さい値を酸解離定数a1とみなす。
なお、上記化合物(III)において上記構造部位X中の上記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなる化合物PIIIとは、例えば、化合物(III)が後述する化合物(IIIa)で表される化合物である場合、HA31-L3-N(R2X)-L4-A31Hが該当する。
A31 -は、アニオン性官能基を表す。
L3及びL4は、それぞれ独立に、2価の連結基を表す。
R2Xは、1価の置換基を表す。
上記一般式(IIIa)中、L3及びL4は、各々上述した一般式(Ia)中のL1と同義であり、好適態様も同じである。
上記一般式(IIIa)中、2個のM31 +同士、及び2個のA31 -同士は、各々互いに同一の基を表す。
また、上記アルキレン基、上記シクロアルキレン基、及び上記アルケニレン基は、置換基で置換されていてもよい。
次に、光酸発生剤Cについて説明する。
光酸発生剤Cは、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び下記一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる化合物である。
以下、一般式(1)で表される化合物及び下記一般式(2)で表される化合物について各々説明する。
A3 -で表されるアニオン性官能基としては特に制限されないが、例えば、下記一般式(C-1)~(C-8)で表される基を表す。
RX1としては、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
上記アルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、置換基を有していてもよい。置換基としては、フッ素原子、又はシアノ基が好ましい。上記アルキル基が置換基としてフッ素原子を有する場合、パーフルオロアルキル基であってもよい。
RX2で表されるフッ素原子及びパーフルオロアルキル基以外の置換基としては、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
上記アルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、フッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
RXF1で表されるパーフルオロアルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましく、1~6が更に好ましい。
RX3で表されるフッ素原子以外の置換基としては、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
上記アルキル基の炭素数は1~15が好ましく、1~10がより好ましい。
上記アルキレン基は、置換基(例えば、フッ素原子等)で置換されていてもよい。
また、上記アルキレン基は、置換基(例えば、フッ素原子等)で置換されていてもよい。
環状の有機基としては、例えば、脂環基、アリール基、及び複素環基が挙げられる。
脂環基は、単環式であってもよく、多環式であってもよい。単環式の脂環基としては、例えば、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、及びシクロオクチル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基が挙げられる。多環式の脂環基としては、例えば、ノルボルニル基、トリシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が挙げられる。なかでも、ノルボルニル基、トリシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の炭素数7以上の嵩高い構造を有する脂環基が好ましい。
なお、上記脂環基は、炭素原子がカルボニル基で置換されていてもよい。
複素環基は、単環式であってもよく、多環式であってもよい。多環式の方がより酸の拡散を抑制可能である。また、複素環基は、芳香族性を有していてもよいし、芳香族性を有していなくてもよい。芳香族性を有している複素環としては、例えば、フラン環、チオフェン環、ベンゾフラン環、ベンゾチオフェン環、ジベンゾフラン環、ジベンゾチオフェン環、及びピリジン環が挙げられる。芳香族性を有していない複素環としては、例えば、テトラヒドロピラン環、ラクトン環、スルトン環、及びデカヒドロイソキノリン環が挙げられる。ラクトン環及びスルトン環の例としては、後述する樹脂において例示したラクトン構造及びスルトン構造が挙げられる。複素環基における複素環としては、フラン環、チオフェン環、ピリジン環、又はデカヒドロイソキノリン環が特に好ましい。
mは、1又は2を表し、M4 +が硫黄イオンである場合には2であり、ヨウ素原子である場合には1である。
Rbは、各々独立に、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基若しくはアルケニル基、アリール基、又はヘテロアリール基を表す。なお、mが2の場合には、2つのRbは互いに結合して、環を形成していてもよい。
Lbは、2価の連結基を表す。
A4 -は、アニオン性官能基を表す。
なお、Rbで表されるヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基又はアルケニル基は、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、及び環状のいずれであってもよい。
また、Rbで表されるヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基又はアルケニル基は、置換基を有していてもよい。この置換基としては、例えば、アリール基(炭素数6~14が好ましい)、水酸基、アルコキシ基、エステル基、アミド基、ウレタン基、ウレイド基、チオエーテル基、スルホンアミド基、及びスルホン酸エステル基が挙げられる。
Rbで表されるヘテロアリール基としては、単環式であってもよく、多環式であってもよい。多環式の方がより酸の拡散を抑制可能である。このヘテロアリール基を構成する芳香族複素環としては、例えば、フラン環、チオフェン環、ベンゾフラン環、ベンゾチオフェン環、ジベンゾフラン環、ジベンゾチオフェン環、及びピリジン環が挙げられる。
また、上記アルキレン基及びアリーレン基は、置換基(例えば、フッ素原子等)で置換されていてもよい。
条件(S1-1):レジスト組成物がさらに光酸発生剤C(上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物の1種以上の化合物)を含み、且つ上記含有量比Tが15.0~40.0である。
条件(S1-2)光酸発生剤Bの含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)が、組成物の全固形分に対して、23.0質量%以上26.0質量%未満である。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、酸の作用により分解して極性が増大する樹脂(以下、「酸分解性樹脂」又は「樹脂(A)」ともいう)を含む。
つまり、本発明のパターン形成方法において、典型的には、現像液としてアルカリ現像液を採用した場合には、ポジ型パターンが好適に形成され、現像液として有機系現像液を採用した場合には、ネガ型パターンが好適に形成される。
樹脂(A)は、通常、酸の作用により分解し極性が増大する基(以下、「酸分解性基」ともいう)を含み、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことが好ましい。
酸分解性基とは、酸の作用により分解して極性基を生じる基をいう。酸分解性基は、酸の作用により脱離する脱離基で極性基が保護された構造を有することが好ましい。つまり、樹脂(A)は、酸の作用により分解し、極性基を生じる基を有する繰り返し単位を有する。この繰り返し単位を有する樹脂は、酸の作用により極性が増大してアルカリ現像液に対する溶解度が増大し、有機溶剤に対する溶解度が減少する。
極性基としては、アルカリ可溶性基が好ましく、例えば、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ素化アルコール基、スルホン酸基、リン酸基、スルホンアミド基、スルホニルイミド基、(アルキルスルホニル)(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、(アルキルスルホニル)(アルキルカルボニル)イミド基、ビス(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、ビス(アルキルカルボニル)イミド基、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)メチレン基、ビス(アルキルスルホニル)イミド基、トリス(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基、及びトリス(アルキルスルホニル)メチレン基等の酸性基、並びにアルコール性水酸基等が挙げられる。
なかでも、極性基としては、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ素化アルコール基(好ましくはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)、又はスルホン酸基が好ましい。
式(Y1):-C(Rx1)(Rx2)(Rx3)
式(Y2):-C(=O)OC(Rx1)(Rx2)(Rx3)
式(Y3):-C(R36)(R37)(OR38)
式(Y4):-C(Rn)(H)(Ar)
なかでも、Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基を表すことが好ましく、Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、直鎖状のアルキル基を表すことがより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して、単環又は多環を形成してもよい。
Rx1~Rx3のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、及びt-ブチル基等の炭素数1~5のアルキル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、並びにノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のアリール基としては、炭素数6~10のアリール基が好ましく、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、及びアントリル基等が挙げられる。
Rx1~Rx3のアルケニル基としては、ビニル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成される環としては、シクロアルキル基が好ましい。Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、若しくは、シクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、又はノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、若しくは、アダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数5~6の単環のシクロアルキル基がより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基は、例えば、環を構成するメチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、カルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基、又はビニリデン基で置き換わっていてもよい。また、これらのシクロアルキル基は、シクロアルカン環を構成するエチレン基の1つ以上が、ビニレン基で置き換わっていてもよい。
で置き換わっていてもよい。
式(Y1)又は式(Y2)で表される基は、例えば、Rx1がメチル基又はエチル基であり、Rx2とRx3とが結合して上述のシクロアルキル基を形成している態様が好ましい。
なお、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基には、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子及び/又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基が含まれていてもよい。例えば、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基は、例えば、メチレン基の1つ以上が、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子及び/又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基で置き換わっていてもよい。
また、R38は、繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基と互いに結合して、環を形成してもよい。R38と繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基とが互いに結合して形成する基は、メチレン基等のアルキレン基が好ましい。
Mは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
Qは、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいシクロアルキル基、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよいアリール基、アミノ基、アンモニウム基、メルカプト基、シアノ基、アルデヒド基、又はこれらを組み合わせた基(例えば、アルキル基とシクロアルキル基とを組み合わせた基)を表す。
アルキル基及びシクロアルキル基は、例えば、メチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基で置き換わっていてもよい。
なお、L1及びL2のうち一方は水素原子であり、他方はアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、又はアルキレン基とアリール基とを組み合わせた基であることが好ましい。
Q、M、及びL1の少なくとも2つが結合して環(好ましくは、5員若しくは6員環)を形成してもよい。
パターンの微細化の点では、L2が2級又は3級アルキル基であることが好ましく、3級アルキル基であることがより好ましい。2級アルキル基としては、イソプロピル基、シクロヘキシル基又はノルボルニル基が挙げられ、3級アルキル基としては、tert-ブチル基又はアダマンチル基が挙げられる。これらの態様では、Tg(ガラス転移温度)及び活性化エネルギーが高くなるため、膜強度の担保に加え、かぶりの抑制ができる。
L1は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していてもよい2価の連結基を表す。フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していてもよい2価の連結基としては、-CO-、-O-、-S―、-SO-、―SO2-、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基(例えば、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、アリーレン基等)、及びこれらの複数が連結した連結基等が挙げられる。なかでも、L1としては、-CO-、又は-アリーレン基-フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有するアルキレン基-が好ましい。
アリーレン基としては、フェニレン基が好ましい。
アルキレン基は、直鎖状であっても、分岐鎖状であってもよい。アルキレン基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~10が好ましく、1~3がより好ましい。
フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有するアルキレン基に含まれるフッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の合計数は特に制限されないが、2以上が好ましく、2~10がより好ましく、3~6が更に好ましい。
アルキル基は、直鎖状であっても、分岐鎖状であってもよい。アルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されないが、1~10が好ましく、1~3がより好ましい。
フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有するアルキル基に含まれるフッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の合計数は特に制限されないが、1以上が好ましく、1~5がより好ましく、1~3が更に好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、ハロゲン原子以外の酸素原子等のヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい。
なかでも、脱離基としては、式(Z1)~(Z4)で表される基が挙げられる。
式(Z1):-C(Rx11)(Rx12)(Rx13)
式(Z2):-C(=O)OC(Rx11)(Rx12)(Rx13)
式(Z3):-C(R136)(R137)(OR138)
式(Z4):-C(Rn1)(H)(Ar1)
Rx11~Rx13は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していてもよい点以外は、上述した(Y1)、(Y2)中のRx1~Rx3と同じであり、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、及びアリール基の定義及び好適範囲と同じである。
なお、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基には、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子以外に、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子が含まれていてもよい。つまり、上記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基は、例えば、メチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、又はカルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基で置き換わっていてもよい。
また、R138は、繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基と互いに結合して、環を形成してもよい。この場合、R138と繰り返し単位の主鎖が有する別の置換基とが互いに結合して形成する基は、メチレン基等のアルキレン基が好ましい。
M1は、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
Q1は、フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子及び酸素原子からなる群から選択されるヘテロ原子を有していてもよいアルキル基;フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子及び酸素原子からなる群から選択されるヘテロ原子を有していてもよいシクロアルキル基;フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子及び酸素原子からなる群から選択されるアリール基;アミノ基;アンモニウム基;メルカプト基;シアノ基;アルデヒド基;又はこれらを組み合わせた基(例えば、フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子及び酸素原子からなる群から選択されるヘテロ原子を有していてもよい、アルキル基とシクロアルキル基とを組み合わせた基)を表す。
Xa1は、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基を表す。
Tは、単結合、又は2価の連結基を表す。
Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基(直鎖状、又は分岐鎖状)、シクロアルキル基(単環若しくは多環)、アルケニル基(直鎖状若しくは分岐鎖状)、又はアリール(単環若しくは多環)基を表す。ただし、Rx1~Rx3の全てがアルキル基(直鎖状、又は分岐鎖状)である場合、Rx1~Rx3のうち少なくとも2つはメチル基であることが好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して、単環又は多環(単環又は多環のシクロアルキル基等)を形成してもよい。
Tは、単結合又は-COO-Rt-基が好ましい。Tが-COO-Rt-基を表す場合、Rtは、炭素数1~5のアルキレン基が好ましく、-CH2-基、-(CH2)2-基、又は-(CH2)3-基がより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、又はノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3のアリール基としては、炭素数6~10のアリール基が好ましく、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、及びアントリル基等が挙げられる。
Rx1~Rx3のアルケニル基としては、ビニル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、その他にも、ノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。なかでも、炭素数5~6の単環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基は、例えば、環を構成するメチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、カルボニル基等のヘテロ原子を有する基、又はビニリデン基で置き換わっていてもよい。また、これらのシクロアルキル基は、シクロアルカン環を構成するエチレン基の1つ以上が、ビニレン基で置き換わっていてもよい。
一般式(AI)で表される繰り返し単位は、例えば、Rx1がメチル基又はエチル基であり、Rx2とRx3とが結合して上述のシクロアルキル基を形成している態様が好ましい。
不飽和結合を含む酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位としては、一般式(B)で表される繰り返し単位が好ましい。
Xbは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、又は置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基を表す。
Lは、単結合、又は置換基を有してもよい2価の連結基を表す。
Ry1~Ry3は、それぞれ独立に、直鎖状、分岐鎖状のアルキル基、単環状、多環状のシクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、単環若しくは多環のアリール基を表す。ただし、Ry1~Ry3のうち少なくとも1つはアルケニル基、アルキニル基、単環若しくは多環のシクロアルケニル基、単環若しくは多環のアリール基を表す。
Ry1~Ry3の2つが結合して、単環又は多環(単環又は多環のシクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基等)を形成してもよい。
L1は、-Rt-基、-CO-基、-COO-Rt-CO-基、-Rt-CO-基が好ましい。Rtは例えば、ハロゲン原子や水酸基、アルコキシ基等の置換基を有していても良く、芳香族基が好ましい。
Ry1~Ry3のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基、又はノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Ry1~Ry3のアリール基としては、炭素数6~10のアリール基が好ましく、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、及びアントリル基等が挙げられる。
Ry1~Ry3のアルケニル基としては、ビニル基が好ましい。
Ry1~Ry3のアルキニル基としては、エチニル基が好ましい。
Ry1~Ry3のシクロアルケニル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基の一部に二重結合を含む構造が好ましい。
Ry1~Ry3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、及びシクロヘキシル基等の単環のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、その他にも、ノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、及びアダマンチル基等の多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。なかでも、炭素数5~6の単環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
Ry1~Ry3の2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基、又はシクロアルケニル基は、例えば、環を構成するメチレン基の1つが、酸素原子等のヘテロ原子、カルボニル基、-SO2-基、-SO3-基等のヘテロ原子を有する基、又はビニリデン基、又はそれらの組み合わせで置き換わっていてもよい。また、これらのシクロアルキル基、又はシクロアルケニル基は、シクロアルカン環、又はシクロアルケン環を構成するエチレン基の1つ以上が、ビニレン基で置き換わっていてもよい。
一般式(B)で表される繰り返し単位は、例えば、Ry1がメチル基、エチル基、ビニル基、アリル基、アリール基であり、Ry2とRx3とが結合して上述のシクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基を形成している態様が好ましい。
例えば、樹脂(A)は、以下のA群からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の繰り返し単位、及び/又は以下のB群からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の繰り返し単位を含んでいてもよい。
A群:以下の(20)~(29)の繰り返し単位からなる群。
(20)後述する、酸基を有する繰り返し単位
(21)後述する、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位
(22)後述する、ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位(23)後述する、光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位
(24)後述する、一般式(V-1)又は下記一般式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位(25)後述する、式(A)で表される繰り返し単位
(26)後述する、式(B)で表される繰り返し単位
(27)後述する、式(C)で表される繰り返し単位
(28)後述する、式(D)で表される繰り返し単位
(29)後述する、式(E)で表される繰り返し単位
B群:以下の(30)~(32)の繰り返し単位からなる群。
(30)後述する、ラクトン基、スルトン基、カーボネート基、水酸基、シアノ基、及びアルカリ可溶性基から選ばれる少なくとも1種類の基を有する繰り返し単位
(31)後述する、脂環炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位
(32)後述する、水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、一般式(III)で表される繰り返し単位
また、組成物がEUV用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の少なくとも一方を含むことが好ましい。樹脂(A)がフッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の両方を含む場合、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の両方を含む1つの繰り返し単位を有していてもよいし、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子を有する繰り返し単位とヨウ素原子を含む繰り返し単位との2種を含んでいてもよい。
また、組成物がEUV用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)が、芳香族基を有する繰り返し単位を有するのも好ましい。
本発明のレジスト組成物がArF用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)は上記B群からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
なお、本発明のレジスト組成物がArF用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)は、フッ素原子及び珪素原子のいずれも含まないことが好ましい。
また、組成物がArF用の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物として用いられる場合、樹脂(A)は、芳香族基を有さないことが好ましい。
樹脂(A)は、酸基を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
酸基としては、pKaが13以下の酸基が好ましい。
上記酸基の酸解離定数は、上記のように、13以下が好ましく、3~13がより好ましく、5~10が更に好ましい。
上記所定のpKaの酸基を有する場合、レジスト組成物の保存安定性が優れ、現像がより良好に進行する。
酸解離定数(pKa)が13以下の酸基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ素化アルコール基(好ましくはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)、スルホン酸基、及び、スルホンアミド基などが挙げられる。
樹脂(A)が、pKaが13以下の酸基を有する場合、樹脂(A)中における酸基の含有量は特に制限されないが、0.2~6.0mmol/gの場合が多い。なかでも、0.8~6.0mmol/gが好ましく、1.2~5.0mmol/gがより好ましく、1.6~4.0mmol/gが更に好ましい。酸基の含有量が上記範囲内であれば、現像が良好に進行し、形成されるパターン形状に優れ、解像性にも優れる。
酸基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、フッ素化アルコール基(好ましくはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)、スルホン酸基、スルホンアミド基、又はイソプロパノール基等が好ましい。
また、上記ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基は、フッ素原子の1つ以上(好ましくは1~2つ)が、フッ素原子以外の基(アルコキシカルボニル基等)で置換されてもよい。このように形成された-C(CF3)(OH)-CF2-も、酸基として好ましい。また、フッ素原子の1つ以上がフッ素原子以外の基に置換されて、-C(CF3)(OH)-CF2-を含む環を形成してもよい。
酸基を有する繰り返し単位は、上述の酸の作用により脱離する脱離基で極性基が保護された構造を有する繰り返し単位、及び後述するラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であるのが好ましい。
フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有していてもよい1価の有機基としては、-L4-R8で表される基が好ましい。L4は、単結合、又はエステル基を表す。R8は、フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有していてもよいアルキル基、フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有していてもよいシクロアルキル基、フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有していてもよいアリール基、又はこれらを組み合わせた基が挙げられる。
L3は、(n+m+1)価の芳香族炭化水素環基、又は(n+m+1)価の脂環式炭化水素環基を表す。芳香族炭化水素環基としては、ベンゼン環基、及びナフタレン環基が挙げられる。脂環式炭化水素環基としては、単環であっても、多環であってもよく、例えば、シクロアルキル環基が挙げられる。
R6は、水酸基、又はフッ素化アルコール基(好ましくは、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール基)を表す。なお、R6が水酸基の場合、L3は(n+m+1)価の芳香族炭化水素環基であることが好ましい。
R7は、ハロゲン原子を表す。ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、又はヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
mは、1以上の整数を表す。mは、1~3の整数が好ましく、1~2の整数が好ましい。
nは、0又は1以上の整数を表す。nは、1~4の整数が好ましい。
なお、(n+m+1)は、1~5の整数が好ましい。
R41、R42及びR43は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。但し、R42はAr4と結合して環を形成していてもよく、その場合のR42は単結合又はアルキレン基を表す。
X4は、単結合、-COO-、又は-CONR64-を表し、R64は、水素原子又はアルキル基を表す。
L4は、単結合又はアルキレン基を表す。
Ar4は、(n+1)価の芳香環基を表し、R42と結合して環を形成する場合には(n+2)価の芳香環基を表す。
nは、1~5の整数を表す。
一般式(I)におけるR41、R42、及びR43のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、及びヨウ素原子が挙げられ、フッ素原子が好ましい。
一般式(I)におけるR41、R42、及びR43のアルコキシカルボニル基に含まれるアルキル基としては、上記R41、R42、R43におけるアルキル基と同様のものが好ましい。
(n+1)価の芳香環基は、更に置換基を有していてもよい。
X4により表される-CONR64-(R64は、水素原子又はアルキル基を表す)におけるR64のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、ヘキシル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、オクチル基、及びドデシル基等の炭素数20以下のアルキル基が挙げられ、炭素数8以下のアルキル基が好ましい。
X4としては、単結合、-COO-、又は-CONH-が好ましく、単結合、又は-COO-がより好ましい。
Ar4としては、炭素数6~18の芳香環基が好ましく、ベンゼン環基、ナフタレン環基、及びビフェニレン環基がより好ましい。
一般式(I)で表される繰り返し単位は、ヒドロキシスチレン構造を備えていることが好ましい。即ち、Ar4は、ベンゼン環基であることが好ましい。
Aは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、又はシアノ基を表す。
Rは、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルケニル基、アラルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基、アルキルスルホニルオキシ基、アルキルオキシカルボニル基又はアリールオキシカルボニル基を表し、複数個ある場合には同じであっても異なっていてもよい。複数のRを有する場合には、互いに共同して環を形成していてもよい。Rとしては水素原子が好ましい。
aは1~3の整数を表す。
bは0~(5-a)の整数を表す。
樹脂(A)は、上述した<酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位>及び<酸基を有する繰り返し単位>とは別に、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。また、ここで言う<フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位>は、後述の<ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>、及び<光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位>等の、A群に属する他の種類の繰り返し単位とは異なるのが好ましい。
R9は、水素原子、又はフッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有していてもよいアルキル基を表す。
R10は、水素原子、フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有していてもよいアルキル基、フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有していてもよいシクロアルキル基、フッ素原子若しくはヨウ素原子を有していてもよいアリール基、又はこれらを組み合わせた基を表す。
なお、上述したように、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位には、<酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位>及び<酸基を有する繰り返し単位>は含まれないことから、上記フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位の含有量も、<酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位>及び<酸基を有する繰り返し単位>を除いたフッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位の含有量を意図する。
なお、フッ素原子及びヨウ素原子の少なくとも一方を含む繰り返し単位としては、例えば、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有し、且つ、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有し、且つ、酸基を有する繰り返し単位、及びフッ素原子又はヨウ素原子を有する繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
樹脂(A)は、ラクトン基、スルトン基、及びカーボネート基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有する繰り返し単位(以下、総称して「ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位」とも言う)を有していてもよい。
ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位は、ヘキサフルオロプロパノール基等の酸基を有さないのも好ましい。
樹脂(A)は、下記一般式(LC1-1)~(LC1-21)のいずれかで表されるラクトン構造、又は下記一般式(SL1-1)~(SL1-3)のいずれかで表されるスルトン構造の環員原子から、水素原子を1つ以上引き抜いてなるラクトン基又はスルトン基を有する繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
また、ラクトン基又はスルトン基が主鎖に直接結合していてもよい。例えば、ラクトン基又はスルトン基の環員原子が、樹脂(A)の主鎖を構成してもよい。
Rb0のアルキル基が有していてもよい好ましい置換基としては、水酸基、及びハロゲン原子が挙げられる。
Rb0のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、及びヨウ素原子が挙げられる。Rb0は、水素原子又はメチル基が好ましい。
Abは、単結合、アルキレン基、単環又は多環の脂環炭化水素構造を有する2価の連結基、エーテル基、エステル基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、又はこれらを組み合わせた2価の基を表す。なかでも、単結合、又は-Ab1-CO2-で表される連結基が好ましい。Ab1は、直鎖状若しくは分岐鎖状のアルキレン基、又は単環若しくは多環のシクロアルキレン基であり、メチレン基、エチレン基、シクロヘキシレン基、アダマンチレン基、又はノルボルニレン基が好ましい。
Vは、一般式(LC1-1)~(LC1-21)のいずれかで表されるラクトン構造の環員原子から水素原子を1つ引き抜いてなる基、又は一般式(SL1-1)~(SL1-3)のいずれかで表されるスルトン構造の環員原子から水素原子を1つ引き抜いてなる基を表す。
環状炭酸エステル基を有する繰り返し単位としては、下記一般式(A-1)で表される繰り返し単位が好ましい。
nは0以上の整数を表す。
RA 2は、置換基を表す。nが2以上の場合、複数存在するRA 2は、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。
Aは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。上記2価の連結基としては、アルキレン基、単環又は多環の脂環炭化水素構造を有する2価の連結基、エーテル基、エステル基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、又はこれらを組み合わせた2価の基が好ましい。
Zは、式中の-O-CO-O-で表される基と共に単環又は多環を形成する原子団を表す。
樹脂(A)は、上記以外の繰り返し単位として、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する基(以下「光酸発生基」ともいう)を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
この場合、この光酸発生基を有する繰り返し単位が、後述する活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物(「光酸発生剤」ともいう。)にあたると考えることができる。
このような繰り返し単位としては、例えば、下記一般式(4)で表される繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
樹脂(A)は、下記一般式(V-1)、又は下記一般式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
下記一般式(V-1)、及び下記一般式(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位は上述の繰り返し単位とは異なる繰り返し単位であるのが好ましい。
R6及びR7は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、水酸基、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アシロキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子、エステル基(-OCOR又は-COOR:Rは炭素数1~6のアルキル基又はフッ素化アルキル基)、又はカルボキシル基を表す。アルキル基としては、炭素数1~10の直鎖状、分岐鎖状又は環状のアルキル基が好ましい。
n3は、0~6の整数を表す。
n4は、0~4の整数を表す。
X4は、メチレン基、酸素原子、又は硫黄原子である。
一般式(V-1)又は(V-2)で表される繰り返し単位を以下に例示する。
樹脂(A)は、発生酸の過剰な拡散又は現像時のパターン崩壊を抑制できる観点から、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が高い方が好ましい。Tgは、90℃より大きいことが好ましく、100℃より大きいことがより好ましく、110℃より大きいことが更に好ましく、125℃より大きいことが特に好ましい。なお、過度な高Tg化は現像液への溶解速度低下を招くため、Tgは400℃以下が好ましく、350℃以下がより好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、樹脂(A)等のポリマーのガラス転移温度(Tg)は、以下の方法で算出する。まず、ポリマー中に含まれる各繰り返し単位のみからなるホモポリマーのTgを、Bicerano法によりそれぞれ算出する。以後、算出されたTgを、「繰り返し単位のTg」という。次に、ポリマー中の全繰り返し単位に対する、各繰り返し単位の質量割合(%)を算出する。次に、Foxの式(Materials Letters 62(2008)3152等に記載)を用いて各質量割合におけるTgを算出して、それらを総和して、ポリマーのTg(℃)とする。
Bicerano法はPrediction of polymer properties, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York(1993)等に記載されている。またBicerano法によるTgの算出は、ポリマーの物性概算ソフトウェアMDL Polymer(MDL Information Systems, Inc.)を用いて行うことができる。
(a)主鎖への嵩高い置換基の導入
(b)主鎖への複数の置換基の導入
(c)主鎖近傍への樹脂(A)間の相互作用を誘発する置換基の導入
(d)環状構造での主鎖形成
(e)主鎖への環状構造の連結
なお、樹脂(A)は、ホモポリマーのTgが130℃以上を示す繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
なお、ホモポリマーのTgが130℃以上を示す繰り返し単位の種類は特に制限されず、Bicerano法により算出されるホモポリマーのTgが130℃以上である繰り返し単位であればよい。なお、後述する式(A)~式(E)で表される繰り返し単位中の官能基の種類によっては、ホモポリマーのTgが130℃以上を示す繰り返し単位に該当する。
上記(a)の具体的な達成手段の一例としては、樹脂(A)に式(A)で表される繰り返し単位を導入する方法が挙げられる。
式(A)で表される繰り返し単位の具体例としては、下記繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
Raは、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルケニル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、アシロキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子、エステル基(-OCOR’’’又は-COOR’’’:R’’’は炭素数1~20のアルキル基又はフッ素化アルキル基)、又はカルボキシル基を表す。なお、上記アルキル基、上記シクロアルキル基、上記アリール基、上記アラルキル基、及び上記アルケニル基は、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい。また、Raで表される基中の炭素原子に結合している水素原子は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子で置換されていてもよい。
また、R’及びR’’は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルケニル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、アシロキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子、エステル基(-OCOR’’’又は-COOR’’’:R’’’は炭素数1~20のアルキル基又はフッ素化アルキル基)、又はカルボキシル基を表す。なお、上記アルキル基、上記シクロアルキル基、上記アリール基、上記アラルキル基、及び上記アルケニル基は、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい。また、R’及びR’’で表される基中の炭素原子に結合している水素原子は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子で置換されていてもよい。
Lは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。2価の連結基としては、例えば、―COO-、-CO-、-O-、-S―、-SO-、-SO2-、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、及びこれらの複数が連結した連結基等が挙げられる。
m及びnは、それぞれ独立に、0以上の整数を表す。m及びnの上限は特に制限されないが、2以下の場合が多く、1以下の場合がより多い。
上記(b)の具体的な達成手段の一例としては、樹脂(A)に式(B)で表される繰り返し単位を導入する方法が挙げられる。
また、有機基の少なくとも1つが、繰り返し単位中の主鎖に直接環構造が連結している基である場合、他の有機基の種類は特に制限されない。
また、有機基のいずれも繰り返し単位中の主鎖に直接環構造が連結している基ではない場合、有機基の少なくとも2つ以上は、水素原子を除く構成原子の数が3つ以上である置換基である。
R’は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルケニル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、アシロキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子、エステル基(-OCOR’’又は-COOR’’:R’’は炭素数1~20のアルキル基又はフッ素化アルキル基)、又はカルボキシル基を表す。なお、上記アルキル基、上記シクロアルキル基、上記アリール基、上記アラルキル基、及び上記アルケニル基は、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい。また、R’で表される基中の炭素原子に結合している水素原子は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子で置換されていてもよい。
mは0以上の整数を表す。mの上限は特に制限されないが、2以下の場合が多く、1以下の場合がより多い。
上記(c)の具体的な達成手段の一例としては、樹脂(A)に式(C)で表される繰り返し単位を導入する方法が挙げられる。
R’は、水素原子又は有機基を表す。有機基としては、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、及びアルケニル基、等の有機基が挙げられる。なお、有機基中の水素原子は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子で置換されていてもよい。
上記(d)の具体的な達成手段の一例としては、樹脂(A)に式(D)で表される繰り返し単位を導入する方法が挙げられる。
上記式中、R’は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、アルケニル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、アシロキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子、エステル基(-OCOR’’又は-COOR’’:R’’は炭素数1~20のアルキル基又はフッ素化アルキル基)、又はカルボキシル基を表す。なお、上記アルキル基、上記シクロアルキル基、上記アリール基、上記アラルキル基、及び上記アルケニル基は、それぞれ、置換機を有してもよい。また、R’で表される基中の炭素原子に結合している水素原子は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子で置換されていてもよい。
mは0以上の整数を表す。mの上限は特に制限されないが、2以下の場合が多く、1以下の場合がより多い。
上記(e)の具体的な達成手段の一例としては、樹脂(A)に式(E)で表される繰り返し単位を導入する方法が挙げられる。
「Cyclic」は、主鎖の炭素原子を含む環状基である。環状基に含まれる原子数は特に制限されない。
R’は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、及びアルケニル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、アシロキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子、エステル基(-OCOR’’又は-COOR’’:R’’は炭素数1~20のアルキル基又はフッ素化アルキル基)、又はカルボキシル基を表す。なお、上記アルキル基、上記シクロアルキル基、上記アリール基、上記アラルキル基、及び上記アルケニル基は、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい。また、R’で表される基中の炭素原子に結合している水素原子は、フッ素原子又はヨウ素原子で置換されていてもよい。
mは0以上の整数を表す。mの上限は特に制限されないが、2以下の場合が多く、1以下の場合がより多い。
また、式(E-2)、式(E-4)、式(E-6)、及び式(E-8)中、2つRは互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。
樹脂(A)は、ラクトン基、スルトン基、カーボネート基、水酸基、シアノ基、及びアルカリ可溶性基から選ばれる少なくとも1種類の基を有する繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
樹脂(A)が有するラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位としては、上述した<ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>で説明した繰り返し単位が挙げられる。好ましい含有量も上述した<ラクトン基、スルトン基、又はカーボネート基を有する繰り返し単位>で説明した通りである。
水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位は、水酸基又はシアノ基で置換された脂環炭化水素構造を有する繰り返し単位であることが好ましい。
水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位は、酸分解性基を有さないことが好ましい。水酸基又はシアノ基を有する繰り返し単位としては、下記一般式(AIIa)~(AIId)で表される繰り返し単位が挙げられる。
R1cは、水素原子、メチル基、トリフロロメチル基又はヒドロキメチル基を表す。
R2c~R4cは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、水酸基又はシアノ基を表す。ただし、R2c~R4cのうちの少なくとも1つは、水酸基又はシアノ基を表す。好ましくは、R2c~R4cの内の1つ又は2つが水酸基で、残りが水素原子である。より好ましくは、R2c~R4cの内の2つが水酸基で、残りが水素原子である。
アルカリ可溶性基としては、カルボキシル基、スルホンアミド基、スルホニルイミド基、ビスルスルホニルイミド基、α位が電子吸引性基で置換された脂肪族アルコール(例えば、ヘキサフロロイソプロパノール基)が挙げられ、カルボキシル基が好ましい。樹脂(A)がアルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位を含むことにより、コンタクトホール用途での解像性が増す。
アルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位としては、アクリル酸及びメタクリル酸による繰り返し単位のような樹脂の主鎖に直接アルカリ可溶性基が結合している繰り返し単位、又は連結基を介して樹脂の主鎖にアルカリ可溶性基が結合している繰り返し単位が挙げられる。なお、連結基は、単環又は多環の環状炭化水素構造を有していてもよい。
アルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位としては、アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸による繰り返し単位が好ましい。
樹脂(A)は、脂環炭化水素構造を有し、酸分解性を示さない繰り返し単位を有してもよい。これにより液浸露光時にレジスト膜から液浸液への低分子成分の溶出が低減できる。このような繰り返し単位として、例えば、1-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジアダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカニル(メタ)アクリレート、又はシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート由来の繰り返し単位等が挙げられる。
樹脂(A)は、水酸基及びシアノ基のいずれも有さない、一般式(III)で表される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
Raは水素原子、アルキル基又は-CH2-O-Ra2基を表す。式中、Ra2は、水素原子、アルキル基又はアシル基を表す。
架橋環式炭化水素環としては、2環式炭化水素環、3環式炭化水素環、及び4環式炭化水素環等が挙げられる。また、架橋環式炭化水素環としては、5~8員シクロアルカン環が複数個縮合した縮合環も含まれる。
架橋環式炭化水素基として、ノルボルニル基、アダマンチル基、ビシクロオクタニル基、又はトリシクロ[5、2、1、02,6]デカニル基が好ましく、ノルボルニル基又はアダマンチル基がより好ましい。
ハロゲン原子としては、臭素原子、塩素原子、又はフッ素原子が好ましい。
アルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、ブチル基、又はt-ブチル基が好ましい。上記アルキル基は更に置換基を有していてもよく、置換基としては、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、保護基で保護されたヒドロキシル基、又は保護基で保護されたアミノ基が挙げられる。
アルキル基としては、炭素数1~4のアルキル基が好ましい。
置換メチル基としては、メトキシメチル基、メトキシチオメチル基、ベンジルオキシメチル基、t-ブトキシメチル基、又は2-メトキシエトキシメチル基が好ましい。
置換エチル基としては、1-エトキシエチル基、又は1-メチル-1-メトキシエチル基が好ましい。
アシル基としては、ホルミル基、アセチル基、プロピオニル基、ブチリル基、イソブチリル基、バレリル基、及びピバロイル基等の炭素数1~6の脂肪族アシル基が好ましい。
アルコキシカルボニル基としては、炭素数1~4のアルコキシカルボニル基が好ましい。
一般式(III)で表される繰り返し単位の具体例を以下に挙げるが、本発明はこれらに限定されない。式中、Raは、H、CH3、CH2OH、又はCF3を表す。
更に、樹脂(A)は、上述した繰り返し単位以外の繰り返し単位を有してもよい。
例えば樹脂(A)は、オキサチアン環基を有する繰り返し単位、オキサゾロン環基を有する繰り返し単位、ジオキサン環基を有する繰り返し単位、及びヒダントイン環基を有する繰り返し単位からなる群から選択される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
このような繰り返し単位を以下に例示する。
GPC法によりポリスチレン換算値として、樹脂(A)の重量平均分子量は、3,000~20,000が好ましく、5,000~15,000がより好ましい。樹脂(A)の重量平均分子量を、3,000~200,000とすることにより、耐熱性及びドライエッチング耐性の劣化をより一層抑制できる。また、現像性の劣化、及び粘度が高くなって製膜性が劣化することもより一層抑制できる。
樹脂(A)の分散度(分子量分布)は、通常1~5であり、1~3が好ましく、1.2~3.0がより好ましく、1.2~2.0が更に好ましい。分散度が小さいものほど、解像度、及びレジスト形状がより優れ、更に、レジストパターンの側壁がよりスムーズであり、ラフネス性にもより優れる。
また、樹脂(A)は、1種で使用してもよいし、複数併用してもよい。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、酸拡散制御剤を含んでいてもよい。
酸拡散制御剤は、露光時に光酸発生剤等から発生する酸をトラップし、余分な発生酸による、未露光部における酸分解性樹脂の反応を抑制するクエンチャーとして作用するものである。酸拡散制御剤としては、例えば、塩基性化合物(DA)、活性光線又は放射線の照射により塩基性が低下又は消失する塩基性化合物(DB)、及びカチオン部に窒素原子を有するオニウム塩化合物(DE)等を酸拡散制御剤として使用できる。本発明のレジスト組成物においては、公知の酸拡散制御剤を適宜使用できる。例えば、米国特許出願公開2016/0070167A1号明細書の段落[0627]~[0664]、米国特許出願公開2015/0004544A1号明細書の段落[0095]~[0187]、米国特許出願公開2016/0237190A1号明細書の段落[0403]~[0423]、及び米国特許出願公開2016/0274458A1号明細書の段落[0259]~[0328]に開示された公知の化合物を酸拡散制御剤として好適に使用できる。
塩基性化合物(DA)としては、下記式(A)~(E)で示される構造を有する化合物が好ましい。
R200、R201及びR202は、同一でも異なってもよく、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~20)、シクロアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数3~20)又はアリール基(炭素数6~20)を表す。R201とR202は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
R203、R204、R205及びR206は、同一でも異なってもよく、各々独立に、炭素数1~20のアルキル基を表す。
上記アルキル基について、置換基を有するアルキル基としては、炭素数1~20のアミノアルキル基、炭素数1~20のヒドロキシアルキル基、又は炭素数1~20のシアノアルキル基が好ましい。
一般式(A)及び(E)中のアルキル基は、無置換であることがより好ましい。
活性光線又は放射線の照射により塩基性が低下又は消失する塩基性化合物(DB)(以下、「化合物(DB)」ともいう)は、プロトンアクセプター性官能基を有し、かつ、活性光線又は放射線の照射により分解して、プロトンアクセプター性が低下、消失、又はプロトンアクセプター性から酸性に変化する化合物である。
プロトンアクセプター性は、pH測定を行うことによって確認できる。
窒素原子を有し、酸の作用により脱離する基を有する低分子化合物(DD)(以下、「化合物(DD)」ともいう)は、酸の作用により脱離する基を窒素原子上に有するアミン誘導体であることが好ましい。
酸の作用により脱離する基としては、アセタール基、カルボネート基、カルバメート基、3級エステル基、3級水酸基、又はヘミアミナールエーテル基が好ましく、カルバメート基、又はヘミアミナールエーテル基がより好ましい。
化合物(DD)の分子量は、100~1000が好ましく、100~700がより好ましく、100~500が更に好ましい。
化合物(DD)は、窒素原子上に保護基を有するカルバメート基を有してもよい。カルバメート基を構成する保護基としては、下記一般式(d-1)で表される。
Rbは、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~10)、シクロアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数3~30)、アリール基(好ましくは炭素数3~30)、アラルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~10)、又はアルコキシアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~10)を表す。Rbは相互に連結して環を形成していてもよい。
Rbが示すアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基は、各々独立に、水酸基、シアノ基、アミノ基、ピロリジノ基、ピペリジノ基、モルホリノ基、オキソ基等の官能基、アルコキシ基、又はハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。Rbが示すアルコキシアルキル基についても同様である。
2つのRbが相互に連結して形成する環としては、脂環式炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、複素環式炭化水素、及びその誘導体等が挙げられる。
一般式(d-1)で表される基の具体的な構造としては、米国特許公報US2012/0135348A1号明細書の段落[0466]に開示された構造が挙げられるが、これに制限されない。
lは0~2の整数を表し、mは1~3の整数を表し、l+m=3を満たす。
Raは、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を表す。lが2のとき、2つのRaは同じでも異なっていてもよく、2つのRaは相互に連結して式中の窒素原子と共に複素環を形成していてもよい。この複素環には式中の窒素原子以外のヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい。
Rbは、上記一般式(d-1)におけるRbと同義であり、好ましい例も同様である。
一般式(6)において、Raとしてのアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基は、各々独立に、Rbとしてのアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、及びアラルキル基が置換されていてもよい基として前述した基と同様な基で置換されていてもよい。
本発明における特に好ましい化合物(DD)の具体例としては、米国特許出願公開2012/0135348A1号明細書の段落[0475]に開示された化合物が挙げられるが、これに制限されない。
カチオン部に窒素原子を有するオニウム塩化合物(DE)(以下、「化合物(DE)」ともいう)は、カチオン部に窒素原子を含む塩基性部位を有する化合物であることが好ましい。塩基性部位は、アミノ基であることが好ましく、脂肪族アミノ基であることがより好ましい。塩基性部位中の窒素原子に隣接する原子の全てが、水素原子又は炭素原子であることが更に好ましい。また、塩基性向上の観点から、窒素原子に対して、電子求引性の官能基(カルボニル基、スルホニル基、シアノ基、及びハロゲン原子等)が直結していないことが好ましい。
化合物(DE)の好ましい具体例としては、米国特許出願公開2015/0309408A1号明細書の段落[0203]に開示された化合物が挙げられるが、これに制限されない。
本発明のレジスト組成物において、酸拡散制御剤は1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、上記樹脂(A)とは別に樹脂(A)とは異なる疎水性樹脂を含んでいてもよい。
疎水性樹脂はレジスト膜の表面に偏在するように設計されることが好ましいが、界面活性剤とは異なり、必ずしも分子内に親水基を有する必要はなく、極性物質及び非極性物質を均一に混合することに寄与しなくてもよい。
疎水性樹脂を添加することの効果として、水に対するレジスト膜表面の静的及び動的な接触角の制御、並びにアウトガスの抑制等が挙げられる。
フッ素原子を有するアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~10、より好ましくは炭素数1~4)は、少なくとも1つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基であり、更にフッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
フッ素原子を有するシクロアルキル基は、少なくとも1つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された単環又は多環のシクロアルキル基であり、更にフッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
フッ素原子を有するアリール基としては、フェニル基、及びナフチル基等のアリール基の少なくとも1つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換されたものが挙げられ、更にフッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
フッ素原子又は珪素原子を有する繰り返し単位の例としては、US2012/0251948A1の段落[0519]に例示されたものが挙げられる。
ここで、疎水性樹脂中の側鎖部分が有するCH3部分構造は、エチル基、及びプロピル基等が有するCH3部分構造を含むものである。
一方、疎水性樹脂の主鎖に直接結合しているメチル基(例えば、メタクリル酸構造を有する繰り返し単位のα-メチル基)は、主鎖の影響により疎水性樹脂の表面偏在化への寄与が小さいため、本発明におけるCH3部分構造に含まれないものとする。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、界面活性剤を含んでいてもよい。界面活性剤を含むことにより、密着性により優れ、現像欠陥のより少ないパターンを形成できる。
界面活性剤としては、フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤が好ましい。
フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤としては、例えば、米国特許出願公開第2008/0248425号明細書の段落[0276]に記載の界面活性剤が挙げられる。また、エフトップEF301又はEF303(新秋田化成(株)製);フロラードFC430、431又は4430(住友スリーエム(株)製);メガファックF171、F173、F176、F189、F113、F110、F177、F120又はR08(DIC(株)製);サーフロンS-382、SC101、102、103、104、105又は106(旭硝子(株)製);トロイゾルS-366(トロイケミカル(株)製);GF-300又はGF-150(東亞合成化学(株)製)、サーフロンS-393(セイミケミカル(株)製);エフトップEF121、EF122A、EF122B、RF122C、EF125M、EF135M、EF351、EF352、EF801、EF802又はEF601((株)ジェムコ製);PF636、PF656、PF6320又はPF6520(OMNOVA社製);KH-20(旭化成(株)製);FTX-204G、208G、218G、230G、204D、208D、212D、218D又は222D((株)ネオス製)を用いてもよい。なお、ポリシロキサンポリマーKP-341(信越化学工業(株)製)も、シリコン系界面活性剤として用いることができる。
フルオロ脂肪族基を有する重合体としては、フルオロ脂肪族基を有するモノマーと(ポリ(オキシアルキレン))アクリレート及び/又は(ポリ(オキシアルキレン))メタクリレートとの共重合体が好ましく、不規則に分布しているものでも、ブロック共重合していてもよい。また、ポリ(オキシアルキレン)基としては、ポリ(オキシエチレン)基、ポリ(オキシプロピレン)基、及びポリ(オキシブチレン)基が挙げられ、また、ポリ(オキシエチレンとオキシプロピレンとオキシエチレンとのブロック連結体)やポリ(オキシエチレンとオキシプロピレンとのブロック連結体)等同じ鎖長内に異なる鎖長のアルキレンを有するようなユニットでもよい。更に、フルオロ脂肪族基を有するモノマーと(ポリ(オキシアルキレン))アクリレート(又はメタクリレート)との共重合体は2元共重合体ばかりでなく、異なる2種以上のフルオロ脂肪族基を有するモノマー、及び異なる2種以上の(ポリ(オキシアルキレン))アクリレート(又はメタクリレート)等を同時に共重合した3元系以上の共重合体でもよい。
例えば、市販の界面活性剤としては、メガファックF178、F-470、F-473、F-475、F-476、F-472(DIC(株)製)、C6F13基を有するアクリレート(又はメタクリレート)と(ポリ(オキシアルキレン))アクリレート(又はメタクリレート)との共重合体、C3F7基を有するアクリレート(又はメタクリレート)と(ポリ(オキシエチレン))アクリレート(又はメタクリレート)と(ポリ(オキシプロピレン))アクリレート(又はメタクリレート)との共重合体が挙げられる。
また、米国特許出願公開第2008/0248425号明細書の段落[0280]に記載されているフッ素系及び/又はシリコン系以外の界面活性剤を使用してもよい。
界面活性剤の含有量は、本発明のレジスト組成物の全固形分に対して、0.0001~2質量%が好ましく、0.0005~1質量%がより好ましい。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、溶剤を含んでいてもよい。溶剤は、(M1)プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルカルボキシレート、並びに(M2)プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、乳酸エステル、酢酸エステル、アルコキシプロピオン酸エステル、鎖状ケトン、環状ケトン、ラクトン、及びアルキレンカーボネートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの少なくとも一方を含んでいることが好ましい。なお、この溶剤は、成分(M1)及び(M2)以外の成分を更に含んでいてもよい。
プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルとしては、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME:propylene glycol monomethylether)又はプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル(PGEE)が好ましい。
乳酸エステルとしては、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、又は乳酸プロピルが好ましい。
酢酸エステルとしては、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸イソアミル、蟻酸メチル、蟻酸エチル、蟻酸ブチル、蟻酸プロピル、又は酢酸3-メトキシブチルが好ましい。
また、酪酸ブチルも好ましい。
アルコキシプロピオン酸エステルとしては、3-メトキシプロピオン酸メチル(MMP:methyl 3-Methoxypropionate)、又は3-エトキシプロピオン酸エチル(EEP:ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate)が好ましい。
鎖状ケトンとしては、1-オクタノン、2-オクタノン、1-ノナノン、2-ノナノン、アセトン、2-ヘプタノン、4-ヘプタノン、1-ヘキサノン、2-ヘキサノン、ジイソブチルケトン、フェニルアセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、アセチルアセトン、アセトニルアセトン、イオノン、ジアセトニルアルコール、アセチルカービノール、アセトフェノン、メチルナフチルケトン、又はメチルアミルケトンが好ましい。
環状ケトンとしては、メチルシクロヘキサノン、イソホロン、又はシクロヘキサノンが好ましい。
ラクトンとしては、γ-ブチロラクトンが好ましい。
アルキレンカーボネートとしては、プロピレンカーボネートが好ましい。
なお、ここで「引火点」とは、東京化成工業株式会社又はシグマアルドリッチ社の試薬カタログに記載されている値を意味している。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、更に、上述した以外の樹脂、架橋剤、酸増殖剤、染料、可塑剤、光増感剤、光吸収剤、アルカリ可溶性樹脂、溶解阻止剤、又は溶解促進剤等を含んでいてもよい。
本発明のレジスト組成物は、EUV光用感光性組成物として好適に用いられる。
式(1):A=([H]×0.04+[C]×1.0+[N]×2.1+[O]×3.6+[F]×5.6+[S]×1.5+[I]×39.5)/([H]×1+[C]×12+[N]×14+[O]×16+[F]×19+[S]×32+[I]×127)
A値は0.120以上が好ましい。上限は特に制限されないが、A値が大きすぎる場合、レジスト膜のEUV光及び電子線透過率が低下し、レジスト膜中の光学像プロファイルが劣化し、結果として良好なパターン形状が得られにくくなるため、0.240以下が好ましく、0.220以下がより好ましい。
例えば、レジスト組成物が酸の作用により極性が増大する樹脂(酸分解性樹脂)、光酸発生剤、酸拡散制御剤、及び溶剤を含む場合、上記樹脂、上記光酸発生剤、及び上記酸拡散制御剤が固形分に該当する。つまり、全固形分の全原子とは、上記樹脂由来の全原子、上記光酸発生剤由来の全原子、及び、上記酸拡散制御剤由来の全原子の合計に該当する。例えば、[H]は、全固形分の全原子に対する、全固形分由来の水素原子のモル比率を表し、上記例に基づいて説明すると、[H]は、上記樹脂由来の全原子、上記光酸発生剤由来の全原子、及び、上記酸拡散制御剤由来の全原子の合計に対する、上記樹脂由来の水素原子、上記光酸発生剤由来の水素原子、及び、上記酸拡散制御剤由来の水素原子の合計のモル比率を表すことになる。
上記組成物を用いてレジスト膜を形成でき、更に、パターンを形成できる。
上記組成物を用いたパターン形成方法の手順は特に制限されないが、以下の工程を有することが好ましい。
工程1:組成物を用いて、支持体(基板上)にレジスト膜を形成する工程
工程2:レジスト膜を露光する工程
工程3:露光されたレジスト膜を、現像液を用いて現像する工程
以下、上記それぞれの工程の手順について詳述する。
工程1は、組成物を用いて、支持体(基板上)にレジスト膜を形成する工程である。
組成物の定義は、上述の通りである。
以下、組成物の調製方法の具体的な一例を示す。
本発明のパターン形成方法において使用される組成物中においては、金属原子の含有量が低減されているのが好ましい。
組成物中の金属原子の含有量を低減する方法としては、例えば、フィルターを用いた濾過による調整方法が挙げられる。フィルター孔径としては、ポアサイズ100nm未満が好ましく、10nm以下がより好ましく、5nm以下が更に好ましい。フィルターとしては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン製、ポリエチレン製、又はナイロン製のフィルターが好ましい。フィルターは、上記フィルター素材とイオン交換メディアとを組み合わせた複合材料で構成されていてもよい。フィルターは、有機溶剤であらかじめ洗浄したものを用いてもよい。フィルター濾過工程では、複数種類のフィルターを直列又は並列に接続して用いてもよい。複数種類のフィルターを使用する場合は、孔径及び/又は材質が異なるフィルターを組み合わせて使用してもよい。また、各種材料を複数回濾過してもよく、複数回濾過する工程が循環濾過工程であってもよい。
また、組成物中の金属原子の含有量を低減するためには、製造工程における金属不純物の混入を防止することが必要である。製造装置から金属不純物が十分に除去されたかどうかは、製造装置の洗浄に使用された洗浄液中に含まれる金属成分の含有量を測定することで確認できる。
組成物の製造においては、例えば、上述した樹脂及び光酸発生剤等の各種成分を溶剤に溶解させた後、素材が異なる複数のフィルターを用いて濾過(循環濾過でもよい)を行うことが好ましい。例えば、孔径50nmのポリエチレン製フィルター、孔径10nmのナイロン製フィルター、孔径3~5nmのポリエチレン製フィルターを順列に接続し、濾過を行うのが好ましい。濾過は、2回以上の循環濾過を行う方法も好ましい。なお、上記濾過工程は、組成物中の金属原子の含有量を低減させる効果もある。フィルター間の圧力差は小さい程好ましく、一般的には0.1MPa以下であり、0.05MPa以下であることが好ましく、0.01MPa以下であることがより好ましい。フィルターと充填ノズルの間の圧力差も小さい程好ましく、一般的には0.5MPa以下であり、0.2MPa以下であることが好ましく、0.1MPa以下であることがより好ましい。
また、組成物の製造においてフィルターを用いて循環濾過を行う方法としては、例えば、孔径50nmのポリテトラフルオロエチレン製フィルターを用いて2回以上循環濾過を行う方法も好ましい。
組成物はフィルターによって濾過された後、清浄な容器に充填される。容器に充填された組成物は、冷蔵保存されることが好ましい。これにより、経時による性能劣化が抑制される。組成物の容器への充填が完了してから、冷蔵保存を開始するまでの時間は短い程好ましく、一般的には24時間以内であり、16時間以内が好ましく、12時間以内がより好ましく、10時間以内が更に好ましい。保存温度は0~15℃が好ましく、0~10℃がより好ましく、0~5℃が更に好ましい。
組成物を用いて基板上にレジスト膜を形成する方法としては、組成物を基板上に塗布する方法が挙げられる。
組成物の塗布後、基板を乾燥し、レジスト膜を形成してもよい。なお、必要により、レジスト膜の下層に、各種下地膜(無機膜、有機膜、反射防止膜)を形成してもよい。
トップコート組成物は、レジスト膜と混合せず、更にレジスト膜上層に均一に塗布できることが好ましい。
また、トップコートの形成前にレジスト膜を乾燥することが好ましい。次いで、得られたレジスト膜上に、上記レジスト膜の形成方法と同様の手段によりトップコート組成物を塗布し、更に乾燥することで、トップコートを形成できる。
トップコートの膜厚は、10~200nmが好ましく、20~100nmがより好ましい。
トップコート組成物は、例えば、樹脂と添加剤と溶剤とを含む。
上記樹脂としては、上述の疎水性樹脂と同様の樹脂を使用できる。樹脂の含有量は、トップコート組成物の全固形分に対して、50~99.9質量%が好ましく、60~99.7質量%がより好ましい。なお、ここでいう「固形分」とは、トップコートを形成する成分を意図し、溶剤は含まれない。また、トップコートを形成する成分であれば、その性状が液体状であっても、固形分とみなす。
上記添加剤としては、上述の酸拡散制御剤を使用できる。また、N-オキシルフリーラジカル基を有する化合物のようなラジカルトラップ基を有する化合物も使用できる。このような化合物としては、例えば、[4-(ベンゾイルオキシ)-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジノオキシ]ラジカルが挙げられる。添加剤の含有量は、トップコート組成物の全固形分に対して、0.01~20質量%が好ましく、0.1~15質量%がより好ましい。
上記溶剤は、レジスト膜を溶解しないのが好ましく、例えば、アルコール系溶剤(4-メチル-2-ペンタノール等)、エーテル系溶剤(ジイソアミルエーテル等)、エステル系溶剤、フッ素系溶剤、及び炭化水素系溶剤(n-デカン等)が挙げられる。
トップコート組成物中の溶剤の含有量は、固形分濃度が0.5~30質量%となるように定めることが好ましく、1~20質量%となるように定めることがより好ましい。
また、トップコート組成物は、上述の添加剤以外に界面活性剤を含んでもよく、上記界面活性剤としては、本発明のレジスト組成物が含んでもよい界面活性剤を使用できる。界面活性剤の含有量は、トップコート組成物の全固形分に対して、0.0001~2質量%が好ましく、0.0005~1質量%がより好ましい。
その他にも、トップコートは、特に限定されず、従来公知のトップコートを、従来公知の方法によって形成でき、例えば、特開2014-059543号公報の段落[0072]~[0082]の記載に基づいてトップコートを形成できる。
例えば、特開2013-61648号公報に記載されたような塩基性化合物を含むトップコートを、レジスト膜上に形成することが好ましい。トップコートが含み得る塩基性化合物の具体的な例は、本発明のレジスト組成物が含んでいてもよい塩基性化合物が挙げられる。
また、トップコートは、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、水酸基、チオール基、カルボニル結合及びエステル結合からなる群より選択される基又は結合を少なくとも一つ含む化合物を含むことが好ましい。
工程2は、レジスト膜を露光する工程である。
露光の方法としては、形成したレジスト膜に所定のマスクを通して活性光線又は放射線を照射する方法が挙げられる。
活性光線又は放射線としては、赤外光、可視光、紫外光、遠紫外光、極紫外光、X線、及び電子線が挙げられ、好ましくは250nm以下、より好ましくは220nm以下、特に好ましくは1~200nmの波長の遠紫外光、具体的には、KrFエキシマレーザー(248nm)、ArFエキシマレーザー(193nm)、F2エキシマレーザー(157nm)、EUV(13nm)、X線、及び電子ビームが挙げられる。
加熱温度は80~150℃が好ましく、80~140℃がより好ましく、80~130℃が更に好ましい。
加熱時間は10~1000秒が好ましく、10~180秒がより好ましく、30~120秒が更に好ましい。
加熱は通常の露光機、及び/又は現像機に備わっている手段で行うことができ、ホットプレート等を用いて行ってもよい。
この工程は露光後ベークともいう。
工程3は、現像液を用いて、露光されたレジスト膜を現像し、パターンを形成する工程である。
また、現像を行う工程の後に、他の溶剤に置換しながら、現像を停止する工程を実施してもよい。
現像時間は未露光部の樹脂が十分に溶解する時間であれば特に制限はなく、10~300秒が好ましく、20~120秒がより好ましい。
現像液の温度は0~50℃が好ましく、15~35℃がより好ましい。
アルカリ現像液は、アルカリを含むアルカリ水溶液を用いることが好ましい。アルカリ水溶液の種類は特に制限されないが、例えば、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシドに代表される4級アンモニウム塩、無機アルカリ、1級アミン、2級アミン、3級アミン、アルコールアミン、又は環状アミン等を含むアルカリ水溶液が挙げられる。なかでも、アルカリ現像液は、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)に代表される4級アンモニウム塩の水溶液であることが好ましい。アルカリ現像液には、アルコール類、界面活性剤等を適当量添加してもよい。アルカリ現像液のアルカリ濃度は、通常、0.1~20質量%である。また、アルカリ現像液のpHは、通常、10.0~15.0である。
有機溶剤現像液に含まれる有機溶剤の蒸気圧(混合溶剤である場合は全体としての蒸気圧)は、20℃において、5kPa以下が好ましく、3kPa以下がより好ましく、2kPa以下が更に好ましい。有機溶剤の蒸気圧を5kPa以下にすることにより、現像液の基板上又は現像カップ内での蒸発が抑制され、ウエハ面内の温度均一性が向上し、結果としてウエハ面内の寸法均一性が良化する。
上記パターン形成方法は、工程3の後に、リンス液を用いて洗浄する工程を含むことが好ましい。
現像液を用いて現像する工程の後のリンス工程に用いるリンス液としては、例えば、純水が挙げられる。なお、純水には、界面活性剤を適当量添加してもよい。
リンス液には、界面活性剤を適当量添加してもよい。
また、本発明のパターン形成方法は、リンス工程の後に加熱工程(Post Bake)を含んでいてもよい。本工程により、ベークによりパターン間及びパターン内部に残留した現像液及びリンス液が除去される。また、本工程により、レジストパターンがなまされ、パターンの表面荒れが改善される効果もある。リンス工程の後の加熱工程は、通常40~250℃(好ましくは90~200℃)で、通常10秒間~3分間(好ましくは30~120秒間)行う。
基板(又は下層膜及び基板)の加工方法は特に限定されないが、工程3で形成されたパターンをマスクとして、基板(又は下層膜及び基板)に対してドライエッチングを行うことにより、基板にパターンを形成する方法が好ましい。
ドライエッチングは、1段のエッチングであっても、複数段からなるエッチングであってもよい。エッチングが複数段からなるエッチングである場合、各段のエッチングは同一の処理であっても異なる処理であってもよい。
エッチングは、公知の方法をいずれも用いることができ、各種条件等は、基板の種類又は用途等に応じて、適宜、決定される。例えば、国際光工学会紀要(Proc.of SPIE)Vol.6924,692420(2008)、特開2009-267112号公報等に準じて、エッチングを実施できる。また、「半導体プロセス教本 第四版 2007年刊行 発行人:SEMIジャパン」の「第4章 エッチング」に記載の方法に準ずることもできる。
なかでも、ドライエッチングとしては、酸素プラズマエッチングが好ましい。
薬液配管としては、SUS(ステンレス鋼)、又は帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、若しくはフッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、パーフロオロアルコキシ樹脂等)で被膜された各種配管を用いることができる。フィルター及びO-リングに関しても同様に、帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、又はフッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、パーフロオロアルコキシ樹脂等)を用いることができる。
形成されるパターンがトレンチ(溝)パターン状又はコンタクトホールパターン状である場合、パターン高さをトレンチ幅又はホール径で割った値で求められるアスペクト比が、4.0以下が好ましく、3.5以下がより好ましく、3.0以下が更に好ましい。
また、本発明は、上記したパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法にも関する。上記電子デバイスとしては、電気電子機器(家電、OA(Offivce Automation)、メディア関連機器、光学用機器、及び通信機器等)に、好適に搭載されるものである。
〔酸分解性樹脂(樹脂(A))〕
表5及び表9に示される樹脂(A)(樹脂A-1~A-33)を以下に示す。
樹脂A-1~A-33は、後述する樹脂A-1の合成方法(合成例1)に準じて合成したものを用いた。表1に、樹脂A-1~A-33における各繰り返し単位の組成比(モル比率;左から順に対応)、重量平均分子量(Mw)、及び分散度(Mw/Mn)を示す。
なお、樹脂A-1~A-33の重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分散度(Mw/Mn)はGPC(キャリア:テトラヒドロフラン(THF))により測定した(ポリスチレン換算量である)。また、樹脂の組成比(モル%比)は、13C-NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)により測定した。
シクロヘキサノン(113g)を窒素気流下にて80℃に加熱した。この液を攪拌しながら、下記式M-1で表されるモノマー(25.5g)、下記式M-2で表されるモノマー(31.6g)、シクロヘキサノン(210g)、及び2,2’-アゾビスイソ酪酸ジメチル〔V-601、和光純薬工業(株)製〕(6.21g)の混合溶液を6時間かけて滴下し、反応液を得た。滴下終了後、反応液を80℃にて更に2時間攪拌した。得られた反応液を放冷後、多量のメタノール/水(質量比9:1)で再沈殿した後、ろ過し、得られた固体を真空乾燥することで、樹脂A-1を52g得た。
<光酸発生剤B>
表5及び表9に示される光酸発生剤B(化合物B-1~B-29)の構造を以下に示す。
なお、化合物B-1~B-18、B-22~24、及びB-27~29は、上述した化合物(I)に該当し、化合物B-20、B-25、及びB-26は、上述した化合物(II)に該当し、化合物B-19及び化合物21は、上述した化合物(III)に該当する。
表2に、光酸発生剤Bから発生する酸の酸解離定数(pKa)を示す。
なお、光酸発生剤Bから発生する酸の酸解離定数(pKa)の測定に当たっては、具体的には、化合物B-1~B-29における各カチオン部位をH+に置き換えて形成される化合物(例えば、化合物B-1の場合、トリフェニルスルホニウムカチオンをH+に置き換えて形成される化合物)を対象として、上述した通り、ACD/Labs社のソフトウェアパッケージ1を用いて、ハメットの置換基定数及び公知文献値のデータベースに基づいた値を計算により求めた。また、上記手法によりpKaが算出できない場合には、DFT(密度汎関数法)に基づいてGaussian16により得られる値を採用した。
下記表中、「pKa1」とは第一段階目の酸解離定数を示し、「pKa2」とは第二段階目の酸解離定数を示し、「pKa3」とは第三段階目の酸解離定数を示す。pKaの値が小さいほど、酸性度が高いことを意味する。
化合物B-20から発生する酸(化合物B-20のトリフェニルスルホニウムカチオンをH+に置き換えて形成される化合物)は対称構造であるため、構造部位Xに由来する2つの第1の酸性部位の酸解離定数(pKa)は、理論上では同じ値となる。しかしながら、上述した算出方法では、構造部位Xに由来する2つの第1の酸性部位の酸解離定数が、第一段階目の酸解離定数pKa1と第二段階目の酸解離定数pKa2として求められる。化合物B-20から発生する酸については、構造部位Xに由来する2つの第1の酸性部位の酸解離定数(pKa)のうち最も小さい値(つまり酸解離定数pKa1)が上述した酸解離定数a1に該当する。
つまり、化合物B-19及びB-21から発生する酸についても、化合物B-20から発生する酸と同様であり、構造部位Xに由来する2つの第1の酸性部位の酸解離定数(pKa)のうち最も小さい値(つまり酸解離定数pKa1)が上述した酸解離定数a1に該当する。
表5及び表9に示される光酸発生剤C(化合物C-1~C-25)の構造を以下に示す。なお、化合物C-1~C-7、及びC-9~C-25は、上述した一般式(1)で表される化合物に該当し、化合物C-8は上述した一般式(2)で表される化合物に該当する。
以下、光酸発生剤Cの共役酸のpKaを示す。
なお、光酸発生剤Cのうち化合物C-8以外の共役酸のpKaは、光酸発生剤C中のカチオン部位をH+に置き換えた化合物を対象として、上述した算出方法により求めた。
光酸発生剤Cのうち化合物C-8の共役酸のpKaは、光酸発生剤C中のアニオン部位にプロトンを付加した化合物を対象として、上述した算出方法により求めた。
表5及び表9に示される酸拡散制御剤D(化合物D-1~D-5)の構造を以下に示す。なお、化合物D-5は、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸中間体を形成し、その後分子内中和によりpKaが4.2の化合物に転化する。
表5及び表9に示される疎水性樹脂(E-1~E-12)及び表6に示されるトップコート用樹脂(PT-1~PT-3)は合成したものを用いた。
表4に、表5及び表9に示される疎水性樹脂(E-1~E-12)及び表6に示されるトップコート用樹脂(PT-1~PT-3)における繰り返し単位のモル比率、重量平均分子量(Mw)、及び分散度(Mw/Mn)を示す。
なお、疎水性樹脂E-1~E-12及びトップコート用樹脂PT-1~PT-3の重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分散度(Mw/Mn)はGPC(キャリア:テトラヒドロフラン(THF))により測定した(ポリスチレン換算量である)。また、樹脂の組成比(モル%比)は、13C-NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)により測定した。
表5及び表9に示される界面活性剤を以下に示す。
H-1:メガファックF176(DIC(株)製、フッ素系界面活性剤)
H-2:メガファックR08(DIC(株)製、フッ素及びシリコン系界面活性剤)
H-3:PF656(OMNOVA社製、フッ素系界面活性剤)
表5及び表9に示される溶剤を以下に示す。
F-1:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)
F-2:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME)
F-3:プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル(PGEE)
F-4:シクロヘキサノン
F-5:シクロペンタノン
F-6:2-ヘプタノン
F-7:乳酸エチル
F-8:γ-ブチロラクトン
F-9:プロピレンカーボネート
〔感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物の調製(1)〕
表5に示した各成分を固形分濃度が4質量%となるように混合した。次いで、得られた混合液を、最初に孔径50nmのポリエチレン製フィルター、次に孔径10nmのナイロン製フィルター、最後に孔径5nmのポリエチレン製フィルターの順番で濾過することにより、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物(以下、樹脂組成物ともいう)を調製した。なお、樹脂組成物において、固形分とは、溶剤以外の全ての成分を意味する。得られた樹脂組成物を、実施例及び比較例で使用した。
なお、表5において、各成分の含有量(質量%)は、全固形分に対する含有量を意味する。
表5中、「含有量比T」とは、下記式(1)により算出される値を意図する。
式(1):含有量比T=光酸発生剤Bの含有量(質量%)/光酸発生剤Cの含有量(質量%)
以下に、表6に示すトップコート組成物に含まれる各種成分を示す。
<樹脂>
表6に示される樹脂としては、表4に示した樹脂PT-1~PT-3を用いた。
<添加剤>
表6に示される添加剤の構造を以下に示す。
表6に示される界面活性剤としては、上記界面活性剤H-3を用いた。
表6に示される溶剤を以下に示す。
FT-1:4-メチル-2-ペンタノール(MIBC)
FT-2:n-デカン
FT-3:ジイソアミルエーテル
表6に示した各成分を固形分濃度が3質量%となるように混合して、次いで、得られた混合液を、最初に孔径50nmのポリエチレン製フィルター、次に孔径10nmのナイロン製フィルター、最後に孔径5nmのポリエチレン製フィルターの順番で濾過することにより、トップコート組成物を調製した。なお、ここでいう固形分とは、溶剤以外の全ての成分を意味する。得られたトップコート組成物を、実施例で使用した。
シリコンウエハ上に有機反射防止膜形成用組成物ARC29SR(Brewer Science社製)を塗布し、205℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚98nmの反射防止膜を形成した。その上に、表7に示す樹脂組成物を塗布し、100℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚90nmのレジスト膜(感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜)を形成した。なお、実施例1-5、実施例1-6及び実施例1-7については、レジスト膜の上層にトップコート膜を形成した(使用したトップコート組成物の種類については、表7に示す)。トップコート膜の膜厚は、いずれにおいても100nmとした。
レジスト膜に対して、ArFエキシマレーザー液浸スキャナー(ASML社製;XT700i、NA1.20、Dipole、アウターシグマ0.950、インナーシグマ0.850、Y 偏光)を用いて、線幅45nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースパターンの6%ハーフトーンマスクを介して露光した。液浸液は、超純水を使用した。
露光後のレジスト膜を90℃で60秒間ベークした後、酢酸n-ブチルで30秒間現像し、次いで4-メチル-2-ペンタノールで30秒間リンスした。その後、これをスピン乾燥してネガ型のパターンを得た。
(ラインウィズスラフネス(LWR、nm))
ライン幅が平均45nmのラインパターンを解像する時の最適露光量にて解像した45nm(1:1)のラインアンドスペースのパターンに対して、測長走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM((株)日立製作所S-9380II))を使用してパターン上部から観察する際、線幅を任意のポイントで観測し、その測定ばらつきを3σで評価した。値が小さいほど良好な性能であることを示す。なお、LWR(nm)は、3.3nm以下が好ましく、2.8nm以下がより好ましく、2.4nm以下が更に好ましい。
以上の評価試験の結果を下記表7に示す。
また、表7の結果から、実施例の樹脂組成物が下記条件〔S1〕を満たす場合(好ましくは、下記条件〔S2〕を満たす場合)、形成されるパターンのLWR性能がより優れることが分かる。
条件〔S1〕:下記条件(S1-1)及び下記条件(S1-2)の少なくともいずれか満たす。
条件(S1-1):レジスト組成物がさらに光酸発生剤C(上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物の1種以上の化合物)を含み、且つ上記含有量比Tが15.0~40.0である。
条件(S1-2)光酸発生剤Bの含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)が、組成物の全固形分に対して、23.0質量%以上26.0質量%未満である。
シリコンウエハ上に有機反射防止膜形成用組成物ARC29SR(Brewer Science社製)を塗布し、205℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚98nmの反射防止膜を形成した。その上に、表8に示す樹脂組成物を塗布し、100℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚90nmのレジスト膜を形成した。なお、実施例2-3、実施例2-5~実施例2-7については、レジスト膜の上層にトップコート膜を形成した(使用したトップコート組成物の種類については、表8に示す)。トップコート膜の膜厚は、いずれにおいても100nmとした。
レジスト膜に対して、ArFエキシマレーザー液浸スキャナー(ASML社製;XT700i、NA1.20、Dipole、アウターシグマ0.950、インナーシグマ0.890、Y偏向)を用いて、線幅45nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースパターンの6%ハーフトーンマスクを介して露光した。液浸液は、超純水を使用した。
露光後のレジスト膜を90℃で60秒間ベークした後、テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド水溶液(2.38質量%)で30秒間現像し、次いで純水で30秒間リンスした。その後、これをスピン乾燥してポジ型のパターンを得た。
以上の評価試験の結果を下記表8に示す。
また、表8の結果から、実施例の樹脂組成物が下記条件〔S1〕を満たす場合(好ましくは、下記条件〔S2〕を満たす場合)、形成されるパターンのLWR性能がより優れることが分かる。
条件〔S1〕:下記条件(S1-1)及び下記条件(S1-2)の少なくともいずれか満たす。
条件(S1-1):レジスト組成物がさらに光酸発生剤C(上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物の1種以上の化合物)を含み、且つ上記含有量比Tが15.0~40.0である。
条件(S1-2)光酸発生剤Bの含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)が、組成物の全固形分に対して、23.0質量%以上26.0質量%未満である。
〔感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物の調製(2)〕
表9に示した各成分を固形分濃度が2質量%となるように混合した。次いで、得られた混合液を、最初に孔径50nmのポリエチレン製フィルター、次に孔径10nmのナイロン製フィルター、最後に孔径5nmのポリエチレン製フィルターの順番で濾過することにより、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物(以下、樹脂組成物ともいう)を調製した。なお、樹脂組成物において、固形分とは、溶剤以外の全ての成分を意味する。得られた樹脂組成物を、実施例及び比較例で使用した。
なお、表9において、各成分の含有量(質量%)は、全固形分に対する含有量を意味する。
また、表9中、「含有量比T」とは、下記式(1)により算出される値を意図する。
式(1):含有量比T=光酸発生剤Bの含有量(質量%)/光酸発生剤Cの含有量(質量%)
シリコンウエハ上に下層膜形成用組成物AL412(Brewer Science社製)を塗布し、205℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚20nmの下地膜を形成した。その上に、表10に示す樹脂組成物を塗布し、100℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚30nmのレジスト膜を形成した。
EUV露光装置(Exitech社製、Micro Exposure Tool、NA0.3、Quadrupol、アウターシグマ0.68、インナーシグマ0.36)を用いて、得られたレジスト膜を有するシリコンウエハに対してパターン照射を行った。なお、レクチルとしては、ラインサイズ=20nmであり、且つ、ライン:スペース=1:1であるマスクを用いた。
露光後のレジスト膜を90℃で60秒間ベークした後、酢酸n-ブチルで30秒間現像し、これをスピン乾燥してネガ型のパターンを得た。
(ラインウィズスラフネス(LWR、nm))
ライン幅が平均20nmのラインパターンを解像する時の最適露光量にて解像した20nm(1:1)のラインアンドスペースのパターンに対して、測長走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM((株)日立製作所S-9380II))を使用してパターン上部から観察する際、線幅を任意のポイントで観測し、その測定ばらつきを3σで評価した。値が小さいほど良好な性能であることを示す。なお、LWR(nm)は、4.5nm以下が好ましく、4.0nm以下がより好ましく、3.7nm以下が好ましい。
以上の評価試験の結果を下記表10に示す。
また、表10の結果から、実施例の樹脂組成物が下記条件〔S1〕を満たす場合(好ましくは、下記条件〔S2〕を満たす場合)、形成されるパターンのLWR性能がより優れることが分かる。
条件〔S1〕:下記条件(S1-1)及び下記条件(S1-2)の少なくともいずれか満たす。
条件(S1-1):レジスト組成物がさらに光酸発生剤C(上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物の1種以上の化合物)を含み、且つ上記含有量比Tが15.0~40.0である。
条件(S1-2)光酸発生剤Bの含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)が、組成物の全固形分に対して、23.0質量%以上26.0質量%未満である。
シリコンウエハ上に下層膜形成用組成物AL412(Brewer Science社製)を塗布し、205℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚20nmの下地膜を形成した。その上に、表11に示す樹脂組成物を塗布し、100℃で60秒間ベークして、膜厚30nmのレジスト膜を形成した。
EUV露光装置(Exitech社製、Micro Exposure Tool、NA0.3、Quadrupol、アウターシグマ0.68、インナーシグマ0.36)を用いて、得られたレジスト膜を有するシリコンウエハに対してパターン照射を行った。なお、レクチルとしては、ラインサイズ=20nmであり、且つ、ライン:スペース=1:1であるマスクを用いた。
露光後のレジスト膜を90℃で60秒間ベークした後、テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド水溶液(2.38質量%)で30秒間現像し、次いで純水で30秒間リンスした。その後、これをスピン乾燥してポジ型のパターンを得た。
得られたポジ型のパターンに対して、上述した〔パターン形成(3):EUV露光、有機溶剤現像〕で得られたネガ型のパターンで実施した(ラインウィズスラフネス(LWR、nm))の性能評価を実施した。なお、LWR(nm)は、4.5nm以下が好ましく、4.1nm以下がより好ましく、3.8nm以下が更に好ましい。
以上の評価試験の結果を下記表11に示す。
条件〔S1〕:下記条件(S1-1)及び下記条件(S1-2)の少なくともいずれか満たす。
条件(S1-1):レジスト組成物がさらに光酸発生剤C(上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物の1種以上の化合物)を含み、且つ上記含有量比Tが15.0~40.0である。
条件(S1-2)光酸発生剤Bの含有量(複数種含む場合はその合計含有量)が、組成物の全固形分に対して、23.0質量%以上26.0質量%未満である。
Claims (12)
- 酸の作用により分解して極性が増大する樹脂と、
活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物とを含む、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物であって、
前記活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物が、下記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物を1種以上含み、
前記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量が、前記組成物中の全固形分に対して、20.0質量%超である、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
化合物(I):下記構造部位Xと下記構造部位Yとを各々1つずつ有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、下記構造部位Xに由来する下記第1の酸性部位と下記構造部位Yに由来する下記第2の酸性部位とを含む酸を発生する化合物
構造部位X:アニオン部位A1 -とカチオン部位M1 +とからなり、且つ活性光線又は放射線の照射によってHA1で表される第1の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
構造部位Y:アニオン部位A2 -とカチオン部位M2 +とからなり、且つ活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、前記構造部位Xにて形成される前記第1の酸性部位とは異なる構造のHA2で表される第2の酸性部位を形成する構造部位
但し、化合物(I)は、下記条件Iを満たす。
条件I:前記化合物(I)において前記構造部位X中の前記カチオン部位M1 +及び前記構造部位Y中の前記カチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなる化合物PIが、前記構造部位X中の前記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a1と、前記構造部位Y中の前記カチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA2で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a2を有し、且つ、前記酸解離定数a1よりも前記酸解離定数a2の方が大きい。
化合物(II):前記構造部位Xを2つ以上と前記構造部位Yとを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、前記構造部位Xに由来する前記第1の酸性部位を2つ以上と前記構造部位Yに由来する前記第2の酸性部位とを含む酸を発生する化合物
但し、化合物(II)は、下記条件IIを満たす。
条件II:前記化合物(II)において前記構造部位X中の前記カチオン部位M1 +及び前記構造部位Y中の前記カチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなる化合物PIIが、前記構造部位X中の前記カチオン部位M1 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA1で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a1と、前記構造部位Y中の前記カチオン部位M2 +をH+に置き換えてなるHA2で表される酸性部位に由来する酸解離定数a2を有し、且つ、前記酸解離定数a1よりも前記酸解離定数a2の方が大きい。
化合物(III):前記構造部位Xを2つ以上と、下記構造部位Zとを有する化合物であって、活性光線又は放射線の照射によって、前記構造部位Xに由来する前記第1の酸性部位を2つ以上と前記構造部位Zとを含む酸を発生する化合物
構造部位Z:酸を中和可能な非イオン性の部位 - 前記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量が、前記組成物中の全固形分に対して、22.7質量%超である、請求項1に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 前記化合物(I)及び前記化合物(II)において、前記酸解離定数a1と前記酸解離定数a2の差が2.0以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 前記化合物(I)及び前記化合物(II)において、前記酸解離定数a2が2.0以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 前記活性光線又は放射線の照射によって酸を発生する化合物が、さらに、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物、及び下記一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる化合物を1種以上含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
なお、mが2の場合には、2つのRbは互いに結合して、環を形成していてもよい。 - 前記一般式(1)中のM3 +をH+に置き換えたHA3-La-Raで表される化合物Qにおいて、HA3で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、2.0以下であり、前記一般式(2)中のA4 -をHA4に置き換えたHA4-Lb-M4 +-(Rb)mで表される化合物Rにおいて、HA4で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、2.0以下である、請求項5に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 前記化合物Qにおいて、前記HA3で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、-2.0以下であり、前記化合物Rにおいて、HA4で表される酸性部位の酸解離定数が、-2.0以下である、請求項6に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 下記式(1)で表される含有量比Tが、15.0~40.0である、請求項6又は7に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
式(1):含有量比T=前記化合物(I)~(III)からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量(質量%)/前記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び前記一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる化合物の含有量(質量%) - 前記含有量比Tが、23.0~40.0である、請求項8に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて形成された、レジスト膜。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて支持体上にレジスト膜を形成する工程と、
前記レジスト膜を露光する工程と、
前記露光されたレジスト膜を、現像液を用いて現像する工程と、を有する、パターン形成方法。 - 請求項11に記載のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
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US20220043347A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
TWI836094B (zh) | 2024-03-21 |
KR102707359B1 (ko) | 2024-09-20 |
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