WO2020248590A1 - Reverse single-working-media steam combined cycle - Google Patents

Reverse single-working-media steam combined cycle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020248590A1
WO2020248590A1 PCT/CN2020/000134 CN2020000134W WO2020248590A1 WO 2020248590 A1 WO2020248590 A1 WO 2020248590A1 CN 2020000134 W CN2020000134 W CN 2020000134W WO 2020248590 A1 WO2020248590 A1 WO 2020248590A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
working fluid
kilogram
endothermic
exothermic
processes
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PCT/CN2020/000134
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李华玉
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李华玉
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Priority to US17/618,791 priority Critical patent/US20220252307A1/en
Priority to GB2200343.8A priority patent/GB2601642B/en
Publication of WO2020248590A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020248590A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/006—Cooling of compressor or motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical fields of thermodynamics, refrigeration and heat pumps.
  • Cold demand, heat demand, and power demand are common in human life and production; among them, the use of mechanical energy to convert heat energy is an important way to achieve cooling and efficient heating. Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the cooling medium changes during cooling, and the temperature of the heated medium often changes during heating. When using mechanical energy to heat, the heated medium often has the dual characteristics of variable temperature and high temperature at the same time, which makes the use of a single The thermal cycle theory realizes the unreasonable performance index for cooling or heating; these problems are-unreasonable performance index, low heating parameters, high compression ratio, and too much working pressure.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • the specific content of the invention is described as follows:
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the nine processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, M 2 Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 52 , M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 56, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 78, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 81-a closed process composed of.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to ten processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurisation 52, M 1 kg ENGINEERING Process 46, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 91-composed The closing process.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to ten processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg bootstrapping working medium 45, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 56, M 2 kg ENGINEERING Mass depressurization process 62, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 91-composed The closing process.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the eleven processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg working fluid separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 62, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 37, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg working fluid heat release and condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization Process c1-the closed process of composition.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in eleven processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg endothermic process working medium 23, M 2 kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurisation 52, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 36, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 67, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg working fluid heat release and condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization Process c1-the closed process of composition.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, and twelve processes that are carried out separately or jointly or partially-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, ( M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat absorption process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 56, X kilogram working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat releasing process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 72, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid pressurization process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-a closed process composed of.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together eleven processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg exothermic process working medium 45, M 2 kg refrigerant depressurization 5a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 56, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and condensation Process 78, M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 81-a closed process of composition.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms. Twelve processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurisation 5a, M 2 kg Working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 46, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg Working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilogram, and twelve processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg bootstrapping working medium 45, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 56, M 2 kg Working fluid depressurization process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg Working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms of working fluid, respectively or jointly-M 1 kilogram of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 37, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-composition closed process.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure reducing process 5a, M 2 kilogram working fluid heat absorption process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 36, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 89, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-composition closed process.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, ( M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat absorption process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 56, X kilogram working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid heat releasing process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 7a, M 2 kg refrigerant endothermic process ab, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurisation b2, M 1 kilogram refrigerant exothermic process 78, M 1 kilogram bootstrapping working fluid 89, M 1 kilogram refrigerant radiates heat and condenses process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-the closed
  • the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid Pressure reduction process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 67, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working fluid depressurization process rs, M kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic process r8, M 1 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 81——composition The closing process.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid Pressure reduction process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 46, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 67, (M 1 +M) kg Working fluid pressure increase process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 8r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process r9 , M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, and 14 processes that are carried out separately or together-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid boost process 34, (M 2 -M)Kg working fluid boost process 45, (M 2 -M)Kg working fluid Heat release process 56, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 47, (M 1 +M) kg Working fluid pressure increase process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 8r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process r9 , M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilogram, respectively or together fifteen processes-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid boost process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid release Thermal process 56, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 37, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Mass exothermic process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boost process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic Vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-a
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilogram, respectively or together fifteen processes-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid drop Pressure process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 36, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Mass exothermic process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boost process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic Vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-a
  • Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the sixteen processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, ( M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat absorption process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic process 56, X kilogram working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat releasing process 67, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid depressurizing Process 7t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Exothermic condensation process 9r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12
  • Fig. 1 is an example diagram of the first principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an example diagram of the second principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is an example diagram of the third principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an example diagram of the fourth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is an example diagram of the fifth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an example diagram of the sixth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an example diagram of the seventh principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is an example diagram of the eighth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is an example diagram of the ninth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is an example diagram of the tenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is an example diagram of the eleventh principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is an example diagram of the twelfth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is an example diagram of the thirteenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is an example diagram of the fourteenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is an example diagram of the 15th principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is an example diagram of the 16th principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is an example diagram of the 17th principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is an example diagram of the eighteenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • the working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 52, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 56, M 1 kg working fluid to increase pressure and temperature rise process 67, M 1 kg Working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 81-a total of 9 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all is satisfied by regenerative heating.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Kilogram working fluid exothermic and cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 52, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 46, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating up Process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 91-a total of 10 processes.
  • M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 45
  • M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 67 and 89.
  • the high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used. It is used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid to carry out the heat demand of 23 process.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all is satisfied by regenerative heating.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Pressure increasing process of kilogram working fluid 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 62, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 47, M 1 kilogram working fluid increasing pressure and heating Process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 91-a total of 10 processes.
  • M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process
  • M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 47 and 89 two processes.
  • the high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium
  • the low temperature part is generally used. It is used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid to carry out the heat demand of 23 process.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all is satisfied by regenerative heating.
  • the pressure reduction process 91 of M 1 kilogram of working fluid is completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (net cycle Work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid boosting Heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 62, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 37, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 78, M 1 kg refrigerant boost heating process 89, M 1 kg refrigerant heat cooling, liquefaction and cooling process condensate heat 9c, M 1 kg refrigerant condensate of 11 c1-- depressurization process.
  • M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process
  • M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 78 and 9c processes.
  • the high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used. It is used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 23 processes and M 2 kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • M 1 +M 2 the heat demand of M 2 kg working fluid for 34 process can be satisfied by regenerative heating.
  • the pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium Steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic Cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 52, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 36, M 1 kg working fluid pressure rising process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg refrigerant boost heating process 89, M 1 kg refrigerant heat cooling, liquefaction and cooling process condensate heat 9c, M 1 kg refrigerant condensate of 11 c1-- depressurization process.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • low-temperature heat load either part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is met by regenerative heat, or all is met by regenerative heat; the heat demand for 36 processes with M 1 kg of working fluid can be met by regenerative heat.
  • the pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium Steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurization expansion process 72, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, M 1 kg working fluid Exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 12 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source;
  • M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low-temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat;
  • M 1 +M 2 -X kilogram of working fluid undergoes 34 processes to absorb heat, which can be used to obtain low-temperature heat load, or partly It is used to obtain the low temperature heat load and is partly satisfied by the regenerative heating, or fully satisfied by the regenerative heating.
  • the working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant heat cooling process 45, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down 5a, M 2 kg warmed refrigerant absorbs heat ab, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down b2, M 1 kg ENGINEERING mass exotherm cooling process 56, M 1 kilogram booster working fluid heating process 67, M 1 kilogram cooling heat refrigerant, heat liquefaction and cooling process condensate 78, M 1 kilogram refrigerant condensate depressurization 81-- A total of 11 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • low-temperature heat load or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat, or all is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M 2 kg working fluid in the ab process can be satisfied by regenerative heat, or External heat source to meet.
  • the expander completes and provides mechanical energy.
  • the 81 process of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single Working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 5a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 46, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate exothermic cooling process 89, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate Pressure reduction process 91-a total of 12 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • low-temperature heat load or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat, or all is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M 2 kg working fluid in the ab process can be satisfied by regenerative heat, or External heat source to meet.
  • the b2 process is completed by the expander and provides mechanical energy.
  • the pressure reduction process 91 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure-boosting work, and the insufficient part (net cycle power) is external Provided to form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Pressure increasing process of kilogram working fluid 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 6a, M 2 kilogram working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid condensate Pressure reduction process 91-a total of 12 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • low-temperature heat load or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat, or all is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M 2 kg working fluid in the ab process can be satisfied by regenerative heat, or External heat source to meet.
  • the pressure reduction process 91 of the M 1 kilogram working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part ( The net power of the cycle) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid boosting Heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process b2, M 1 kg Working fluid pressure increasing process 37, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid pressure increasing process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 13 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • M 2 kilograms of working fluid for 34 process heat demand can be satisfied by regenerative heat; M 2 The heat absorption of the kilogram working fluid in the ab process is generally satisfied by the heat recovery or by the external heat source.
  • the pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse unit Working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic Cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 5a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 36, M 1 kg Working fluid pressure increasing process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid pressure increasing process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 13 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • low-temperature heat load or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part of it is met by regenerative heat, or all is met by regenerative heat; the heat demand of 36 processes with M 1 kg of working fluid can be met by regenerative heat;
  • M 2 The heat absorption of the kilogram working fluid in the ab process is generally satisfied by the heat recovery or by the external heat source.
  • 3Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid carries out 67 and 89 two processes and M 2 kilograms of working fluid carries out 34 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kilograms of working fluid carry out 5a, b2 processes by expanders
  • the pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse unit Working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 7a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid decompression expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid release Thermal cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid condensate depressurizing process c1-total 14 A process.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • the working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant heat cooling process 45, (M 2 -M) kg refrigerant expansion process down 5t, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down t2, (M 1 + M) working medium discharge kg Thermal cooling process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate exothermic cooling process 7r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate exothermic cooling process r8, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 81-a total of 13 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by the regenerative heat.
  • the working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting Heating process 46, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensation Liquid exothermic cooling process 8r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate exothermic cooling process r9, M 1 kg working fluid condensate cooling process Pressure process 91-
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by the regenerative heat.
  • the working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction and expansion process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction Expansion process t2, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 47, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 78, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensation Liquid exothermic cooling process 8r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate exothermic cooling process r9, M 1 kg working fluid condensate cooling process Pressure process 91-a total of
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by the regenerative heat.
  • Working medium is carried out-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 45, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid heat release process 56, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 6t, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion Process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 37, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate Exothermic cooling process rc, M 1 kg working fluid condensate
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source;
  • (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid for the st process is generally satisfied by the heat recovery.
  • the throttle valve is used to complete; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium is carried out-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction and expansion process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction and expansion process t2, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic heating Process 36, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid boosting and heating process 67, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid boosting and heating process 89, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate Exothermic cooling process rc, M 1 kg working
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source;
  • (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for 36 process heat demand can be obtained by regenerative heat Satisfied;
  • the heat absorption of M kg of working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by heat recovery.
  • 3Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 67 and 89 two processes and (M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes which are generally completed by a compressor and require mechanical energy;
  • M 1 kg depressurisation may be a turbine or c1
  • the throttle valve is used to complete; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant heat cooling process 67, (M 2 -M) kg refrigerant expansion process down 7t, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down t2, (M 1 + M) cooling heat refrigerant kg Process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9r, M kg working fluid pressure reducing process rs, M kg refrigerant absorbs heat, vaporization and superheating process st, M 1 kg refrigerant cooling
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption.
  • the M kilogram working fluid is used for the rs process and the M 1 kilogram working fluid
  • the c1 process can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure-boosting work, and the insufficient part (net cycle power) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • a single working fluid is conducive to production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle adjustment
  • the working fluid has a wide application range, can well adapt to the energy supply demand, and the working fluid and working parameters can be matched flexibly.

Abstract

A reverse single-working-medium steam combined cycle, which refers to a closed process consisting of the following nine processes that are carried out separately or together by M1 kg and M2 kg working media: an endothermic vaporization process 12 by a M1 kg working medium, an endothermic process 23 by (M1+M2) kg working media, a boost process 34 by (M1+M2) kg working media, a heat release process 45 by (M1+M2) kg working media, a depressurization process 52 by a M2 kg working medium, a heat release process 56 by a M1 kg working medium, a boost process 67 by a M1 kg working medium, an exothermic condensation process 78 by a M1 kg working medium and a depressurization process 81 by a M1 kg working media. Similarly, the working media may also be used to carry out ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, and sixteen processes separately or together so as to form a single-working-media steam combined cycle.

Description

逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环Reverse single working substance steam combined cycle 技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于热力学、制冷与热泵技术领域。The invention belongs to the technical fields of thermodynamics, refrigeration and heat pumps.
背景技术：Background technique:
冷需求、热需求和动力需求，为人类生活与生产当中所常见；其中，利用机械能转换为热能是实现制冷和高效供热的重要方式。一般情况下，制冷时冷却介质的温度是变化的，制热时被加热介质的温度往往也是变化的；利用机械能制热时，很多时候被加热介质同时具有变温和高温双重特点，这使得采用单一热力循环理论实现制冷或供热时性能指数不合理；这些存在的问题是——性能指数不合理，供热参数不高，压缩比较高，工作压力太大。Cold demand, heat demand, and power demand are common in human life and production; among them, the use of mechanical energy to convert heat energy is an important way to achieve cooling and efficient heating. Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the cooling medium changes during cooling, and the temperature of the heated medium often changes during heating. When using mechanical energy to heat, the heated medium often has the dual characteristics of variable temperature and high temperature at the same time, which makes the use of a single The thermal cycle theory realizes the unreasonable performance index for cooling or heating; these problems are-unreasonable performance index, low heating parameters, high compression ratio, and too much working pressure.
从基础理论看，长久以来存在重大不足：(1)采用逆向朗肯循环为理论基础的蒸汽压缩式制冷或热泵循环，放热主要依靠冷凝过程，导致放热时工质与被加热介质之间温差损失大；同时，冷凝液的降压过程损失较大或利用代价高；采用超临界工况时，压缩比较高，使得压缩机的制造代价大，安全性降低等。(2)采用逆向布雷顿循环为理论基础的气体压缩式制冷或热泵循环，要求压缩比较低，这限制了供热参数的提高；同时，低温过程是变温的，这使得制冷或制热时低温环节往往存在较大的温差损失，性能指数不理想。From the basic theory, there have been major shortcomings for a long time: (1) The vapor compression refrigeration or heat pump cycle based on the reverse Rankine cycle is used. The heat release mainly depends on the condensation process, resulting in the heat release between the working fluid and the heated medium The temperature difference loss is large; at the same time, the pressure reduction process of the condensate has a large loss or high utilization cost; when the supercritical working condition is adopted, the compression ratio is high, which makes the compressor expensive to manufacture and reduces the safety. (2) The gas compression refrigeration or heat pump cycle based on the reverse Brayton cycle requires a relatively low compression, which limits the improvement of heating parameters; at the same time, the low temperature process is variable temperature, which makes the cooling or heating process low temperature The link often has a large temperature difference loss, and the performance index is not ideal.
在热科学基础理论体系中，热力循环的创建及发展应用将对能源利用的飞跃起到重大作用，将积极推动社会进步和生产力发展；其中，逆向热力循环是机械能制冷或制热利用装置的理论基础，也是相关能源利用系统的核心。针对长久以来存在的问题，从简单、主动和高效地利用机械能进行制冷或制热的原则出发，力求为制冷或热泵装置的简单、主动和高效提供基本理论支撑，本发明提出了逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。In the basic theoretical system of thermal science, the creation, development and application of thermal cycles will play a significant role in the leap of energy utilization, and will actively promote social progress and productivity development; among them, reverse thermal cycle is the theory of mechanical energy cooling or heating utilization devices The foundation is also the core of the relevant energy utilization system. In view of the long-standing problems, starting from the principle of simple, active and efficient use of mechanical energy for cooling or heating, and striving to provide basic theoretical support for the simple, active and efficient cooling or heat pump device, the present invention proposes a reverse single working substance Steam combined cycle.
发明内容：Summary of the invention:
本发明主要目的是要提供逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，具体发明内容分项阐述如下：The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle. The specific content of the invention is described as follows:
1.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的九个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程52，M 1千克工质放热过程56，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程78，M 1千克工质降压过程81——组成的闭合过程。 1. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the nine processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, M 2 Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 52 , M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 56, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 78, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 81-a closed process composed of.
2.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程52，M 1千克工质升压过程46，M 1千克工质放热过程67，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 2. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to ten processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurisation 52, M 1 kg ENGINEERING Process 46, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 91-composed The closing process.
3.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质 降压过程62，M 1千克工质放热过程47，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 3. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to ten processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg bootstrapping working medium 45, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 56, M 2 kg ENGINEERING Mass depressurization process 62, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 91-composed The closing process.
4.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质吸热过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程62，M 1千克工质升压过程37，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 4. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the eleven processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg working fluid separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 62, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 37, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg working fluid heat release and condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization Process c1-the closed process of composition.
5.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程52，M 1千克工质吸热过程36，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 5. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in eleven processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg endothermic process working medium 23, M 2 kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurisation 52, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 36, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 67, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg working fluid heat release and condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization Process c1-the closed process of composition.
6.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热过程56，X千克工质升压过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程72，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 6. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, and twelve processes that are carried out separately or jointly or partially-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, ( M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat absorption process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 56, X kilogram working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat releasing process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 72, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid pressurization process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-a closed process composed of.
7.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质放热过程56，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程78，M 1千克工质降压过程81——组成的闭合过程。 7. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together eleven processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg exothermic process working medium 45, M 2 kg refrigerant depressurization 5a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 56, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and condensation Process 78, M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 81-a closed process of composition.
8.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质升压过程46，M 1千克工质放热过程67，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 8. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms. Twelve processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurisation 5a, M 2 kg Working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 46, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg Working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
9.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程6a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质放热过程47，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 9. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilogram, and twelve processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant endothermic process 23, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg bootstrapping working medium 34, M 2 kg bootstrapping working medium 45, M 2 kg refrigerant exothermic process 56, M 2 kg Working fluid depressurization process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg Working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
10.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同 进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质吸热过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程6a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质升压过程37，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 10. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms of working fluid, respectively or jointly-M 1 kilogram of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 37, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-composition closed process.
11.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质吸热过程36，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 11. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure reducing process 5a, M 2 kilogram working fluid heat absorption process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 36, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 89, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-composition closed process.
12.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热过程56，X千克工质升压过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程7a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 12. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, ( M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat absorption process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 56, X kilogram working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid heat releasing process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 7a, M 2 kg refrigerant endothermic process ab, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurisation b2, M 1 kilogram refrigerant exothermic process 78, M 1 kilogram bootstrapping working fluid 89, M 1 kilogram refrigerant radiates heat and condenses process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-the closed process of composition.
13.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程5t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程7r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程r8，M 1千克工质降压过程81——组成的闭合过程。 13. The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid Pressure reduction process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 67, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working fluid depressurization process rs, M kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic process r8, M 1 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 81——composition The closing process.
14.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程5t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程46，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程8r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程r9，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 14. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid Pressure reduction process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 46, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 67, (M 1 +M) kg Working fluid pressure increase process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 8r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process r9 , M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
15.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程6t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程47，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过 程8r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程r9，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 15. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, and 14 processes that are carried out separately or together-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid boost process 34, (M 2 -M)Kg working fluid boost process 45, (M 2 -M)Kg working fluid Heat release process 56, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 47, (M 1 +M) kg Working fluid pressure increase process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 8r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process r9 , M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process composed of.
16.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程6t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程37，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程rc，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 16. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilogram, respectively or together fifteen processes-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid boost process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid release Thermal process 56, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 37, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Mass exothermic process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boost process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic Vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-a closed process composed of.
17.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程5t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程36，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程rc，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 17. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilogram, respectively or together fifteen processes-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid drop Pressure process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 36, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Mass exothermic process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boost process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic Vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-a closed process composed of.
18.逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十六个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热过程56，X千克工质升压过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程7t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程rc，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 18. Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the sixteen processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, ( M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid heat absorption process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic process 56, X kilogram working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat releasing process 67, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid depressurizing Process 7t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Exothermic condensation process 9r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-closed process of composition .
附图说明：Description of the drawings:
图1是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第1种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 1 is an example diagram of the first principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图2是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第2种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 2 is an example diagram of the second principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图3是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第3种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 3 is an example diagram of the third principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图4是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第4种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 4 is an example diagram of the fourth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图5是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第5种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 5 is an example diagram of the fifth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图6是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第6种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 6 is an example diagram of the sixth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图7是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第7种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 7 is an example diagram of the seventh principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图8是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第8种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 8 is an example diagram of the eighth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图9是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第9种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 9 is an example diagram of the ninth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图10是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第10种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 10 is an example diagram of the tenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图11是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第11种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 11 is an example diagram of the eleventh principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图12是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第12种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 12 is an example diagram of the twelfth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图13是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第13种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 13 is an example diagram of the thirteenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图14是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第14种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 14 is an example diagram of the fourteenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图15是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第15种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 15 is an example diagram of the 15th principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图16是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第16种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 16 is an example diagram of the 16th principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图17是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第17种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 17 is an example diagram of the 17th principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图18是依据本发明所提供的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环第18种原则性流程示例图。Fig. 18 is an example diagram of the eighteenth principle flow chart of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
首先要说明的是，在流程的表述上，非必要情况下不重复进行，对显而易见的流程不作表述；下面结合附图和实例详细描述本发明。First of all, it should be noted that in the description of the process, the process is not repeated unless necessary, and the obvious process is not described; the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
图1所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 1 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热降温过程45，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程52，M 1千克工质放热降温过程56，M 1千克工质升压升温过程67，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程81——共9个过程。 The working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 52, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 56, M 1 kg working fluid to increase pressure and temperature rise process 67, M 1 kg Working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 81-a total of 9 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——一般地，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行45过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行56、78两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-generally, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 45 processes, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 and 78 processes, and the high temperature part is generally used for heating Medium, the low temperature part is generally used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kilograms of working fluid for the heat demand of the 23 process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all is satisfied by regenerative heating.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程和M 1千克工质进行67过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行52过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质进行81过程可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 + M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 67 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kilograms of working fluid for 52 processes are performed by expanders To complete and provide mechanical energy, the 81 process of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing and expansion work is less than the pressure-boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium Steam combined cycle.
图2所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 2 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，M 2千克工质放热降温过程45，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程52，M 1千克工质升压升温过程46，M 1千克工质放热降温过程67，M 1千克工质升压升温过程78，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程91——共10个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Kilogram working fluid exothermic and cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 52, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 46, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating up Process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 91-a total of 10 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——一般地，M 2千克工质进行45过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行67、89两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process——Generally, M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 45, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 67 and 89. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used. It is used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid to carry out the heat demand of 23 process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all is satisfied by regenerative heating.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程和M 1千克工质进行46、78两过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行52过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程91可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 + M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 46 and 78 two processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kilograms of working fluid for 52 processes The expander completes and provides mechanical energy. The pressure reduction process 91 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure-boosting work, and the insufficient part (the net cycle power) is provided by the outside. Form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图3所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 3 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，M 2千克工质升压升温过程45，M 2千克工质放热降温过程56，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程62，M 1千克工质放热降温过程47，M 1千克工质升压升温过程78，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程91——共10个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Pressure increasing process of kilogram working fluid 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 62, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 47, M 1 kilogram working fluid increasing pressure and heating Process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 91-a total of 10 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——一般地，M 2千克工质进行56过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行47、89两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-Generally, M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 47 and 89 two processes. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used. It is used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid to carry out the heat demand of 23 process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all is satisfied by regenerative heating.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程、M 2千克工质进行45过程和M 1千克工质进行78过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行62过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程91由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 + M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes, M 2 kilogram of working fluid for 45 processes, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 78 processes, which are generally completed by a compressor and require mechanical energy; M 2 The process of 62 kilograms of working fluid is completed by the expander and the mechanical energy is provided. The pressure reduction process 91 of M 1 kilogram of working fluid is completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (net cycle Work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图4所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 4 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程34，M 2千克工质升压升温过程45，M 2千克工质放热降温过程56，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程62，M 1千克工质升压升温过程37，M 1千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质升压升温过程89，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共11个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid boosting Heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 62, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 37, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 78, M 1 kg refrigerant boost heating process 89, M 1 kg refrigerant heat cooling, liquefaction and cooling process condensate heat 9c, M 1 kg refrigerant condensate of 11 c1-- depressurization process.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——一般地，M 2千克工质进行56过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行78、9c两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程和M 2千克工质进行34过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-Generally, M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 78 and 9c processes. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used. It is used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 23 processes and M 2 kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者 部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行34过程的热需求，可由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of which is satisfied by regenerative heating; the heat demand of M 2 kg working fluid for 34 process can be satisfied by regenerative heating.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质进行37、89两过程和M 2千克工质进行45过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行62过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程c1可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid for 37 and 89 processes and M 2 kg of working fluid for 45 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kg of working fluid for 62 processes are completed by expanders It also provides mechanical energy. The pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium Steam combined cycle.
图5所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 5 is as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，M 2千克工质升压升温过程34，M 2千克工质放热降温过程45，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程52，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程36，M 1千克工质升压升温过程67，M 1千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质升压升温过程89，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共11个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic Cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 52, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 36, M 1 kg working fluid pressure rising process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg refrigerant boost heating process 89, M 1 kg refrigerant heat cooling, liquefaction and cooling process condensate heat 9c, M 1 kg refrigerant condensate of 11 c1-- depressurization process.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——M 2千克工质进行45过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行78、9c两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程和M 1千克工质进行36过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 45, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 78 and 9c. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used ( M 1 +M 2 ) The heat demand of 23 processes with M 1 kg of working fluid and 36 processes with M 1 kg of working fluid.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 1千克工质进行36过程的热需求，可由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. For obtaining low-temperature heat load, either part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is met by regenerative heat, or all is met by regenerative heat; the heat demand for 36 processes with M 1 kg of working fluid can be met by regenerative heat.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质进行67、89两过程和M 2千克工质进行34过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行52过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程c1可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid for 67 and 89 two processes and M 2 kg of working fluid for 34 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kg of working fluid for 52 processes are completed by expanders It also provides mechanical energy. The pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium Steam combined cycle.
图6所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 6 is as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热升温过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压升温过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热降温过程56，X千克工质升压升温过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热降温过程67，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程72，M 1千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质升压升温过程89，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共12个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurization expansion process 72, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, M 1 kg working fluid Exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 12 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行56过程的放热，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行67过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行78、9c过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程和(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行34过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-(M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 56 process heat release, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 67 process heat release, and M 1 kg of working fluid for 78 process , 9c process heat release, the high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, the low temperature part is generally used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid for 23 processes and (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid for 34 The heat demand of the process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足；(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行34过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low-temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat; (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid undergoes 34 processes to absorb heat, which can be used to obtain low-temperature heat load, or partly It is used to obtain the low temperature heat load and is partly satisfied by the regenerative heating, or fully satisfied by the regenerative heating.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行45过程、X千克工质进行36过程和M 1千克工质进行89过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行72过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质进行c1过程可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 45 processes, X kilogram of working fluid for 36 processes, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 89 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M The 72 process of 2 kg of working fluid is completed by the expander and the mechanical energy is provided. The C1 process of the M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting power consumption, and the insufficient part (cycle net power ) Provided from the outside to form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图7所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 7 is as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热降温过程45，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热升温ab，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程b2，M 1千克工质放热降温过程56，M 1千克工质升压升温过程67，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程81——共11个过程。 The working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant heat cooling process 45, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down 5a, M 2 kg warmed refrigerant absorbs heat ab, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down b2, M 1 kg ENGINEERING mass exotherm cooling process 56, M 1 kilogram booster working fluid heating process 67, M 1 kilogram cooling heat refrigerant, heat liquefaction and cooling process condensate 78, M 1 kilogram refrigerant condensate depressurization 81-- A total of 11 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——一般地，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行45过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行56、78两过程的放热，其高温部分用于被加热介质，低温部分用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程、M 2千克工质进行ab过程的热需求(回热)。 ①Exothermic process——Generally, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 45 processes, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 and 78 processes, and the high temperature part is used for the heated medium , The low temperature part is used for (M 1 + M 2 ) kilograms of working fluid for 23 process, M 2 kilograms of working fluid for ab process heat demand (regeneration).
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行ab过程的吸热，可由回热来满足，或者由外部热源来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain low-temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat, or all is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M 2 kg working fluid in the ab process can be satisfied by regenerative heat, or External heat source to meet.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程和M 1千克工质进行67过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行5a、b2过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质进行81过程可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 + M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 67 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kilograms of working fluid for 5a, b2 processes The expander completes and provides mechanical energy. The 81 process of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single Working fluid steam combined cycle.
图8所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 8 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，M 2千克工质放热降温过程45，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热升温ab，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程b2，M 1千克工质升压升温过程46，M 1千克工质放热降温过程67，M 1千克工质升压升温过程78，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程91——共12个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 5a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 46, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate exothermic cooling process 89, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate Pressure reduction process 91-a total of 12 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——M 2千克工质进行45过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行67、89两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于M 2千克工质进行ab过程和(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 45, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 67 and 89. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for M The heat demand of 2 kg of working fluid for the ab process and (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for the 23 process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行ab过程的吸热，可由回热来满足，或者由外部热源来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain low-temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat, or all is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M 2 kg working fluid in the ab process can be satisfied by regenerative heat, or External heat source to meet.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程和M 1千克工质进行46、78两过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行5a、b2过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程91可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 + M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 46 and 78 two processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kilograms of working fluid for 5a, The b2 process is completed by the expander and provides mechanical energy. The pressure reduction process 91 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure-boosting work, and the insufficient part (net cycle power) is external Provided to form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图9所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 9 is carried out as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，M 2千克工质升压升温过程45，M 2千克工质放热降温过程56，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程6a，M 2千克工质吸热升温ab，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程b2，M 1千克工质放热降温过程47，M 1千克工质升压升温过程78，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程91——共12个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 Pressure increasing process of kilogram working fluid 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 6a, M 2 kilogram working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid condensate Pressure reduction process 91-a total of 12 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——M 2千克工质进行56过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行47、89两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于M 2千克工质进行ab过程和(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process, and M 1 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 47 and 89 two processes. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for M The heat demand of 2 kg of working fluid for the ab process and (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for the 23 process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行ab过程的吸热，可由回热来满足，或者由外部热源来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain low-temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat, or all is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M 2 kg working fluid in the ab process can be satisfied by regenerative heat, or External heat source to meet.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程、M 2千克工质进行45过程和M 1千克工质进行78过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行6a、b2过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程91可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 + M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes, M 2 kilogram of working fluid for 45 processes, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 78 processes, which are generally completed by a compressor and require mechanical energy; M 2 The process 6a and b2 of the kilogram working fluid are completed by the expander and provide mechanical energy. The pressure reduction process 91 of the M 1 kilogram working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part ( The net power of the cycle) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图10所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 10 is carried out as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程34，M 2千克工质升压升温过程45，M 2千克工质放热降温过程56，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程6a，M 2千克工质吸热升温ab，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程b2，M 1千克工质升压升温过程37，M 1千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质升压 升温过程89，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共13个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid boosting Heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process b2, M 1 kg Working fluid pressure increasing process 37, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid pressure increasing process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 13 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——M 2千克工质进行56过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行78、9c两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程和M 2千克工质进行34、ab两过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 78 and 9c processes. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used ( M 1 + M 2 ) The heat demand of the 23 process with the working medium of M 1 + M 2 and the two processes of 34 and ab with the working medium of M 2 kg.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行34过程的热需求，可由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行ab过程的吸热，一般由回热来满足，或者由外部热源来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. For obtaining low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by regenerative heat, or all of which is satisfied by regenerative heat; M 2 kilograms of working fluid for 34 process heat demand can be satisfied by regenerative heat; M 2 The heat absorption of the kilogram working fluid in the ab process is generally satisfied by the heat recovery or by the external heat source.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质进行37、89两过程和M 2千克工质进行45过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行6a、b2过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程c1可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid for 37 and 89 two processes and M 2 kg of working fluid for 45 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kg of working fluid for 6a, b2 processes are performed by expanders To complete and provide mechanical energy, the pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse unit Working fluid steam combined cycle.
图11所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 11 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，M 2千克工质升压升温过程34，M 2千克工质放热降温过程45，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热升温ab，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程b2，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程36，M 1千克工质升压升温过程67，M 1千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质升压升温过程89，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共13个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 34, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic Cooling process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 5a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 36, M 1 kg Working fluid pressure increasing process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid pressure increasing process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 13 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——M 2千克工质进行45过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行78、9c两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程、M 1千克工质进行36过程和M 2千克工质进行ab过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 45, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 78 and 9c. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used ( (M 1 + M 2 ) The heat demand of the 23 process for the working medium of M 1 + M 2 , the 36 process for the working medium of M 1 kg and the ab process for the working medium of M 2 kg.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 1千克工质进行36过程的热需求，可由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行ab过程的吸热，一般由回热来满足，或者由外部热源来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain low-temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part of it is met by regenerative heat, or all is met by regenerative heat; the heat demand of 36 processes with M 1 kg of working fluid can be met by regenerative heat; M 2 The heat absorption of the kilogram working fluid in the ab process is generally satisfied by the heat recovery or by the external heat source.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质进行67、89两过程和M 2千克工质进行34过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行5a、b2过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质的降压过程c1可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid carries out 67 and 89 two processes and M 2 kilograms of working fluid carries out 34 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M 2 kilograms of working fluid carry out 5a, b2 processes by expanders To complete and provide mechanical energy, the pressure reduction process c1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse unit Working fluid steam combined cycle.
图12所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热升温过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压升温过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热降温过程56，X千克工质升压升温过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热降温过程67，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程7a，M 2千克工质吸热升温ab，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程b2，M 1千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质升压升温过程89，M 1千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共14个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 7a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating up ab, M 2 kg working fluid decompression expansion process b2, M 1 kg working fluid release Thermal cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid condensate depressurizing process c1-total 14 A process.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行56过程的放热，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行67过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质进行78、9c两过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程、(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行34过程和M 2千克工质进行ab过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-(M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 56 process heat release, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 67 process heat release, and M 1 kg of working fluid for 78 process The high temperature part of the heat release of the two processes of 9c and 9c is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid for 23 processes and (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid for 34 process and M 2 kg of working fluid for the heat demand of the ab process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行34过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M 2千克工质进行ab过程的吸热，可由回热来满足，或者由外部热源来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by regenerative heat, or all of which is satisfied by regenerative heat; (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 34 process heat absorption, available To obtain low-temperature heat load, or part of it is used to obtain low-temperature heat load and part is satisfied by regenerative heat, or all is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M 2 kg working fluid in the ab process can be satisfied by regenerative heat, or External heat source to meet.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行45过程、X千克工质进行36过程和M 1千克工质进行89过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；M 2千克工质进行7a、b2过程由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M 1千克工质进行c1过程可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 45 processes, X kilogram of working fluid for 36 processes, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid for 89 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; M The process 7a, b2 of 2 kg of working fluid is completed by the expander and provides mechanical energy, while the process of C1 of M 1 kg of working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (cycle Net work) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图13所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 13 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热降温过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程5t，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程7r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热、汽化和过热过程st，M 1千克工质冷凝液放热降温过程r8，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程81——共13个过程。 The working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant heat cooling process 45, (M 2 -M) kg refrigerant expansion process down 5t, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down t2, (M 1 + M) working medium discharge kg Thermal cooling process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increasing process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate exothermic cooling process 7r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate exothermic cooling process r8, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process 81-a total of 13 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——一般地，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行45过程的放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行56、7r两过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质冷凝液进行r8过程的放热，其高温部分用于被加热介质，低温部分用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程、M千克工质进行st过程的热需求(回热)。 ①Exothermic process——Generally, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid carries out heat release of 45 processes, (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid carries out heat release of 56 and 7r, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid The high temperature part is used for the heated medium, the low temperature part is used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for 23 process, M kg of working fluid for st process heat demand (regeneration ).
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者 部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M千克工质进行st过程的吸热，一般由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain the low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain the low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by the regenerative heat, or completely satisfied by the regenerative heat; the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by the regenerative heat.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程和(M 1+M)千克工质进行67过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程5t和M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M千克工质进行rs过程和M 1千克工质进行81过程可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes and (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 67 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; (M 2 -M) kilograms The working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 5t and the M 2 kg working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process t2 are completed by the expander and provide mechanical energy. The M kg working fluid is used for the rs process and the M 1 kg working fluid is used for the 81 process by a turbine or a throttle valve. Completed; the work done by the step-down expansion is less than the work consumed by the step-up, and the insufficient part (the net cycle power) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图14所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 14 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质放热降温过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程5t，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程46，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程8r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热、汽化和过热过程st，M 1千克工质冷凝液放热降温过程r9，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程91——共14个过程。 The working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting Heating process 46, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensation Liquid exothermic cooling process 8r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate exothermic cooling process r9, M 1 kg working fluid condensate cooling process Pressure process 91-a total of 14 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——(M 2-M)千克工质进行45过程的放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行67、8r两过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质冷凝液进行r9过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程和M千克工质进行st过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process——(M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 45 process, (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 67 and 8r, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid condensate For the heat release of the r9 process, the high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for the heat demand of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for 23 process and M kg of working fluid for st process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M千克工质进行st过程的吸热，一般由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain the low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain the low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by the regenerative heat, or completely satisfied by the regenerative heat; the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by the regenerative heat.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程和(M 1+M)千克工质进行46、78两过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程5t和M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M千克工质进行rs过程和M 1千克工质的降压过程91可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes and (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 46 and 78 processes, which are generally completed by compressors and require mechanical energy; (M 2- M) down kg working fluid during expansion and M 2 kg 5t refrigerant expansion process down to complete t2 and mechanical energy provided by the expander, M rs kg working fluid for the process and the working medium M 1 kg by depressurisation turbine 91 Or throttling valve to complete; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图15所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 15 is as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压升温过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质放热降温过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程6t，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温过程47，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程8r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热、汽化和过热过程st，M 1千克工质冷凝液放热降温过程r9，M 1千克工质 冷凝液降压过程91——共14个过程。 The working medium is carried out——M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid pressure increasing process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction and expansion process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction Expansion process t2, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 47, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 78, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensation Liquid exothermic cooling process 8r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate exothermic cooling process r9, M 1 kg working fluid condensate cooling process Pressure process 91-a total of 14 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——(M 2-M)千克工质进行56过程的放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行47、8r两过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质冷凝液进行r9过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程和M千克工质进行st过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process——(M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process, (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 47 and 8r, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid condensate For the heat release of the r9 process, the high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for the heat demand of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for 23 process and M kg of working fluid for st process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M千克工质进行st过程的吸热，一般由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain the low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain the low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by the regenerative heat, or completely satisfied by the regenerative heat; the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by the regenerative heat.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行34过程、(M 2-M)千克工质进行45过程和(M 1+M)千克工质进行78过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程6t和M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M千克工质进行rs过程和M 1千克工质的降压过程91可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes, (M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid for 45 processes and (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 78 processes, generally by compressor To complete, mechanical energy is required; (M 2 -M) kg of working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 6t and M 2 kg of working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process t2 are completed by the expander and provide mechanical energy, M kg of working fluid is used for rs process and M 1 The pressure reduction process 91 of the kilogram working fluid can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure reduction expansion work is less than the pressure boosting power consumption, and the insufficient part (the net cycle power) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图16所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 16 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质放热降温过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程6t，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程37，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热、汽化和过热过程st，M 1千克工质冷凝液放热降温过程rc，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共15个过程。 Working medium is carried out-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 45, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid heat release process 56, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 6t, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion Process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 37, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate Exothermic cooling process rc, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 15 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——(M 2-M)千克工质进行56过程的放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行78、9r两过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质冷凝液进行rc过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程、(M 2-M)千克工质进行34过程和M千克工质进行st过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-(M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 56 process, (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of 78 and 9r two processes, and M 1 kilogram of working fluid condensate The high temperature part of the rc process is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for 23 processes, (M 2 -M) kg of working fluid for 34 processes and M kg The heat demand of the working fluid for the st process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；(M 2-M)千克工质进行34过程的热需求，一般由回热来满足；M千克工质进行st过程的吸热，一般由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. To obtain low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by regenerative heat, or all of which is satisfied by regenerative heat; (M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid for 34 process heat demand, generally by regenerative heat To meet the requirements; the heat absorption of the M kg working fluid for the st process is generally satisfied by the heat recovery.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M)千克工质进行37、89两过程和(M 2-M)千克工质进行45过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程6t和M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M千克工质进行rs过程和M 1千克工质的降压过程c1可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不 足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 37 and 89 two processes and (M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid for 45 processes, which are generally completed by a compressor and require mechanical energy; (M 2 -M) ) kg buck working fluid during expansion 6t and M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down to complete t2 and mechanical energy provided by the expander, M rs kg working fluid for the process and the working medium M 1 kg depressurisation may be a turbine or c1 The throttle valve is used to complete; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图17所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 17 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质放热降温过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程5t，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程36，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热、汽化和过热过程st，M 1千克工质冷凝液放热降温过程rc，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共15个过程。 Working medium is carried out-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process 34, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 45, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction and expansion process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction and expansion process t2, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic heating Process 36, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid boosting and heating process 67, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid boosting and heating process 89, (M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9r, M kg working fluid pressure reduction process rs, M kg working fluid heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 kg working fluid condensate Exothermic cooling process rc, M 1 kg working fluid condensate pressure reduction process c1-a total of 15 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——(M 2-M)千克工质进行45过程的放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行78、9r两过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质冷凝液进行rc过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程、(M 1+M)千克工质进行36过程和M千克工质进行st过程的热需求。 ①Exothermic process-(M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid for 45 process heat release, (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 78, 9r two process heat release, and M 1 kg of working fluid condensate The high temperature part of the rc process is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for 23 processes, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid for 36 processes and M kg The heat demand of the working fluid for the st process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；(M 1+M)千克工质进行36过程的热需求，可由回热来满足；M千克工质进行st过程的吸热，一般由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. For obtaining low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by regenerative heat, or all of which is satisfied by regenerative heat; (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for 36 process heat demand can be obtained by regenerative heat Satisfied; The heat absorption of M kg of working fluid in the st process is generally satisfied by heat recovery.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M)千克工质进行67、89两过程和(M 2-M)千克工质进行34过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程5t和M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M千克工质进行rs过程和M 1千克工质的降压过程c1可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 67 and 89 two processes and (M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid for 34 processes, which are generally completed by a compressor and require mechanical energy; (M 2 -M) ) kg buck working fluid during expansion and M 2 kg 5t refrigerant expansion process down to complete t2 and mechanical energy provided by the expander, M rs kg working fluid for the process and the working medium M 1 kg depressurisation may be a turbine or c1 The throttle valve is used to complete; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure boosting work, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
图18所示T-s图中的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 18 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热升温过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压升温过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热降温过程56，X千克工质升压升温过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热降温过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程7t，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压升温过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温、液化和冷凝液放热降温过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热、汽化和过热过程st，M 1千克工质冷凝液放热降温过程rc，M 1千克工质冷凝液降压过程c1——共16个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 + M 2) kg refrigerant heat cooling process 67, (M 2 -M) kg refrigerant expansion process down 7t, M 2 kg refrigerant expansion process down t2, (M 1 + M) cooling heat refrigerant kg Process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid boosting and heating process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling, liquefaction and condensate cooling process 9r, M kg working fluid pressure reducing process rs, M kg refrigerant absorbs heat, vaporization and superheating process st, M 1 kg refrigerant cooling process condensate heat rc, M 1 kg refrigerant condensate depressurization c1-- total of 16 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①放热过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行56过程的放热，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行67过程的放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行78、9r两过程的放热，以及M 1千克工质冷凝 液进行rc过程的放热，其高温部分一般用于被加热介质，低温部分一般用于(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程、(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行34过程和M千克工质进行st过程的热需求。 ① exothermic - (M 1 + M 2 -X ) 56 kg working fluid exothermic process, (M 1 + M 2) 67 kg working fluid exothermic process, (M 1 + M) ENGINEERING kg The heat release of the 78 and 9r processes and the heat release of the M 1 kg working fluid condensate in the rc process. The high temperature part is generally used for the heated medium, and the low temperature part is generally used for (M 1 +M 2 ) kg The heat demand of 23 process, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg of working fluid for 34 process and M kg of working fluid for st process.
②吸热过程——一般地，M 1千克工质进行12过程获取低温热负荷，由被制冷介质或低温热源来提供；(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行23过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行34过程的吸热，可用于获取低温热负荷，或者部分用于获取低温热负荷而部分由回热来满足，或者全部由回热来满足；M千克工质进行st过程的吸热，可由回热来满足。 ② Heat absorption process-Generally, M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 12 processes to obtain low temperature heat load, which is provided by the refrigerated medium or low temperature heat source; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid is used for 23 processes of heat absorption. It is used to obtain low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by regenerative heat, or all of which is satisfied by regenerative heat; (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 34 process heat absorption, available To obtain low-temperature heat load, or partly used to obtain low-temperature heat load and partly satisfied by regenerative heat, or all of which is satisfied by regenerative heat; the heat absorption of M kg working fluid in the st process can be satisfied by regenerative heat.
③能量转换过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质进行45过程、X千克工质进行36过程和(M 1+M)千克工质进行89过程，一般由压缩机来完成，需要机械能；(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程7t和M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程t2由膨胀机来完成并提供机械能，M千克工质进行rs过程和M 1千克工质进行c1过程可由涡轮机或节流阀来完成；降压膨胀作功小于升压耗功，不足部分(循环净功)由外部提供，形成逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-(M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 45 processes, X kilogram of working fluid for 36 processes, and (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for 89 processes, which are generally completed by compressors, Mechanical energy is required; (M 2 -M) the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 7t and the pressure-reducing expansion process t2 of the M 2 kilogram working fluid are completed by the expander and provide mechanical energy. The M kilogram working fluid is used for the rs process and the M 1 kilogram working fluid The c1 process can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the pressure-reducing expansion work is less than the pressure-boosting work, and the insufficient part (net cycle power) is provided by the outside, forming a reverse single working substance steam combined cycle.
本发明技术可以实现的效果——本发明所提出的逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，具有如下效果和优势：The effects that can be achieved by the technology of the present invention-the reverse single working substance steam combined cycle proposed by the present invention has the following effects and advantages:
(1)创建机械能制冷与制热利用(能差利用)基础理论。(1) Create the basic theory of mechanical energy cooling and heating utilization (energy difference utilization).
(2)消除或较大幅度减少相变放热过程的热负荷，相对增加高温段放热负荷，实现逆向循环性能指数合理化。(2) Eliminate or significantly reduce the heat load of the phase change heat release process, relatively increase the heat release load of the high temperature section, and realize the rationalization of the reverse cycle performance index.
(3)工质参数范围得到大幅度扩展，实现高效高温供热。(3) The range of working fluid parameters has been greatly expanded to realize high-efficiency and high-temperature heating.
(4)为降低工作压力和提高装置安全性提供理论基础。(4) Provide a theoretical basis for reducing working pressure and improving device safety.
(5)降低循环压缩比，为核心设备的选取和制造提供方便。(5) Reduce the cycle compression ratio to provide convenience for the selection and manufacture of core equipment.
(6)方法简单，流程合理，适用性好，是实现能差有效利用的共性技术。(6) The method is simple, the process is reasonable, and the applicability is good. It is a common technology that can be used effectively.
(7)单一工质，有利于生产和储存；降低运行成本，提高循环调节的灵活性(7) A single working fluid is conducive to production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle adjustment
(8)过程共用，减少过程，为减少设备投资提供理论基础。(8) Process sharing, reducing process, providing a theoretical basis for reducing equipment investment.
(9)在高温区或变温区，有利于降低放热环节的温差传热损失，提高性能指数。(9) In the high temperature zone or the variable temperature zone, it is beneficial to reduce the temperature difference heat transfer loss in the heat release link and improve the performance index.
(10)在高温供热区采取低压运行方式，缓解或解决传统制冷与热泵装置中性能指数、循环介质参数与管材耐压耐温性能之间的矛盾。(10) Low-pressure operation is adopted in the high-temperature heating zone to alleviate or solve the contradiction between the performance index, circulating medium parameters and the pressure and temperature resistance of pipes in traditional refrigeration and heat pump devices.
(11)在实现高性能指数前提下，可选择低压运行，为提高装置运行安全性提供理论支撑。(11) Under the premise of achieving high performance index, low-voltage operation can be selected to provide theoretical support for improving the operation safety of the device.
(12)工质适用范围广，能够很好地适应供能需求，工质与工作参数之间匹配灵活。(12) The working fluid has a wide application range, can well adapt to the energy supply demand, and the working fluid and working parameters can be matched flexibly.
(13)扩展了机械能进行冷热高效利用的热力循环范围，有利于更好地实现机械能在制冷、高温供热和变温供热领域的高效利用。(13) Expanding the thermal cycle range for the efficient use of cold and heat of mechanical energy is conducive to better realizing the efficient use of mechanical energy in the fields of refrigeration, high temperature heating and variable temperature heating.

Claims (18)

  1. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的九个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程52，M 1千克工质放热过程56，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程78，M 1千克工质降压过程81——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the nine processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid exothermic process 45, M 2 Kilogram working fluid depressurizing process 52, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 56, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 78, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 81-a closed process composed of.
  2. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程52，M 1千克工质升压过程46，M 1千克工质放热过程67，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg. Ten processes are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 52, M 1 kg working fluid rising Pressure process 46, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 91—composition closed process .
  3. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程62，M 1千克工质放热过程47，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg. Ten processes are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kg working fluid heat releasing process 56, M 2 kg working fluid dropping Pressure process 62, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process 91—composition closed process .
  4. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质吸热过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程62，M 1千克工质升压过程37，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together eleven processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 34, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 62, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 37, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg working fluid heat release and condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1 -The closing process of composition.
  5. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程52，M 1千克工质吸热过程36，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together eleven processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing process 52, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 36, M 1 kg of working fluid boost process 67, M 1 kg of working fluid heat release process 78, M 1 kg of working fluid boost process 89, M 1 kg of working fluid heat release and condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1 -The closing process of composition.
  6. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热过程56，X千克工质升压过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程72，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single steam combined cycle working fluid, the working fluid means in kilograms and M 1 M 2 kilogram composed, separately or together or partially twelve process --M 1 kilogram of working fluid 12 is endothermic vaporization, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 + M 2 -X) kg working fluid heat release process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat releasing process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 72, M 1 kg Working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid pressurizing process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing process c1-a closed process composed.
  7. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质放热过程56，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程78，M 1千克工质降压过程81——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together eleven processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid exothermic process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing process 5a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 56, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 78 , M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 81-a closed process composed of.
  8. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质升压过程46，M 1千克工质放热过程67，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in twelve processes-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurizing process 5a, M 2 kg working fluid Endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 46, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 67, M 1 kg working fluid boost process 78, M 1 kg working fluid Exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process of composition.
  9. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程6a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质放热过程47，M 1千克工质升压过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程89，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in twelve processes-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kg working fluid heat releasing process 56, M 2 kg working fluid Pressure reduction process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process b2, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 47, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 78, M 1 kg working fluid Exothermic condensation process 89, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 91-a closed process of composition.
  10. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质吸热过程34，M 2千克工质升压过程45，M 2千克工质放热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程6a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质升压过程37，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing process 6a, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 37, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-closed process of composition.
  11. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，M 2千克工质升压过程34，M 2千克工质放热过程45，M 2千克工质降压过程5a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质吸热过程36，M 1千克工质升压过程67，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process 34, M 2 kilogram working fluid heat releasing process 45, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure reducing process 5a, M 2 kilogram working fluid heat absorption process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 36, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 67, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process c1-closed process of composition.
  12. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热过程56，X千克工质升压过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程7a，M 2千克工质吸热过程ab，M 2千克工质降压过程b2，M 1千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质升压过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程9c，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 + M 2 -X) Kg working fluid heat release process 56, X Kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kg working fluid heat releasing process 67, M 2 Kg working fluid depressurizing process 7a, M 2 kg Working fluid endothermic process ab, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process b2, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 9c, M 1 Kilogram working fluid depressurization process c1-the closed process of composition.
  13. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程5t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程7r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程r8，M 1千克工质降压过程81——组成的闭 合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid drop Pressure process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Exothermic condensation process 7r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process r8, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 81-composition closure process.
  14. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程5t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程46，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程8r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程r9，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid boost process 34, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid depressurization Process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 46, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Pressure increasing process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 8r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process r9, M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 91-the closed process of composition.
  15. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2)千克工质升压过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程6t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程47，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程8r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程r9，M 1千克工质降压过程91——组成的闭合过程。 Reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or together in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid boosting process 34, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid exothermic Process 56, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 47, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid Pressure increasing process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 8r, M kg working fluid depressurization process rs, M kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process r9, M 1 kg of working fluid pressure reduction process 91-the closed process of composition.
  16. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程6t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程37，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程rc，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, and fifteen processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boost process 45, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid heat release process 56, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 6t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 37, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid release Thermal process 78, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid boost process 89, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process 9r, M kilogram working fluid depressurization process rs, M kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-a closed process of composition.
  17. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程45，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程5t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程36，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程67，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程rc，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, and fifteen processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure increase process 34, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid heat release process 45, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 5t, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 36, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 67, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid release Thermal process 78, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid boost process 89, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process 9r, M kilogram working fluid depressurization process rs, M kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization process c1-a closed process of composition.
  18. 逆向单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十六个过程——M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程12，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程23，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程34，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质升压过程45，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质放热过程56，X千克工质升压过程36，(M 1+M 2)千克工质放热过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程7t，M 2千克工质降压过程t2，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程78，(M 1+M)千克工质升压过程89，(M 1+M)千克工质放热冷凝过程9r，M千克工质降压过程rs，M千克工质吸热汽化过程st，M 1千克工质放热过程rc，M 1千克工质降压过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 The reverse single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the sixteen processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially-M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic vaporization process 12, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 23, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 34, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid boosting process 45, (M 1 + M 2 -X) kg working fluid heat release process 56, X kg working fluid boosting process 36, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat releasing process 67, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid depressurizing process 7t , M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process t2, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 78, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure increase process 89, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release Condensation process 9r, M kilogram working fluid depressurization process rs, M kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic process rc, M 1 kilogram working fluid depressurization process c1—composition closed process.
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