WO2020245859A1 - 巻線短絡診断装置および巻線短絡診断方法 - Google Patents

巻線短絡診断装置および巻線短絡診断方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020245859A1
WO2020245859A1 PCT/JP2019/021901 JP2019021901W WO2020245859A1 WO 2020245859 A1 WO2020245859 A1 WO 2020245859A1 JP 2019021901 W JP2019021901 W JP 2019021901W WO 2020245859 A1 WO2020245859 A1 WO 2020245859A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic field
winding
short circuit
strength
teeth
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PCT/JP2019/021901
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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久栄 中村
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株式会社トーエネック
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Application filed by 株式会社トーエネック filed Critical 株式会社トーエネック
Priority to PCT/JP2019/021901 priority Critical patent/WO2020245859A1/ja
Priority to JP2021524498A priority patent/JP7196297B2/ja
Publication of WO2020245859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020245859A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines

Definitions

  • the present invention is a winding short-circuit diagnostic device and a winding short-circuit diagnostic method for diagnosing a short-circuit of a winding in a stator or a rotor of a rotor in which a plurality of teeth arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction are centrally wound. Regarding.
  • Patent Document 1 an impulse voltage is applied between the terminals of windings of any phase among the windings inside a rotating machine such as an electric motor or a generator, and the impulse is applied.
  • the waveform of the vibration voltage generated between the terminals of the winding due to the application of voltage is detected, and the waveform of the detected vibration voltage is created in advance.
  • a winding short circuit diagnostic device for diagnosing the presence or absence of a short circuit in a winding is described by comparing with the waveform of.
  • phase of the winding is the short-circuit
  • the short-circuit for example, in the case of a three-phase induction motor, is the short-circuit in the U phase, or in the V phase or W phase? It is possible to identify whether it is occurring.
  • a mode of short-circuiting the windings for example, a mode in which a short-circuit occurs between windings adjacent in the length direction of the teeth and a mode in which a short-circuit occurs between layers of the windings can be considered.
  • Patent Document 2 Patent Document 2
  • a winding short circuit diagnostic device that can identify where the short circuit occurs in the winding in the child.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and is a winding short-circuit diagnostic apparatus and a winding short-circuit diagnostic apparatus capable of easily specifying a mode of short-circuiting of a winding in a stator or a rotor of a rotating machine in which a tooth is centrally wound.
  • the main purpose is to provide a winding short circuit diagnostic method.
  • a short-circuit of a winding in a stator or a rotor of a rotor in which a plurality of teeth arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction are centrally wound is diagnosed.
  • a winding short circuit diagnostic device is configured.
  • the winding short-circuit diagnostic device includes a voltage oscillator, a magnetic field sensor, a memory, and a processor.
  • the voltage oscillator is configured to apply an AC voltage between the terminals of the winding.
  • the magnetic field sensor measures the strength of the magnetic field generated in the winding wound for each tooth in response to the application of an AC voltage at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the tooth.
  • the memory stores the AC voltage or the AC current flowing through the winding due to the AC voltage and the strength of the magnetic field.
  • the processor determines the direction of the magnetic field stored in the memory for each measurement position based on the AC voltage or AC current and the strength of the magnetic field. Further, the processor determines that no short circuit has occurred in the winding in the case of the first pattern in which all the determined magnetic field directions are the first direction, and the magnetic field direction is from the first direction to the first pattern. In the case of the second pattern, which changes from the second direction to the first direction after changing in the second direction opposite to the one direction, a short circuit occurs between the windings adjacent to the extending direction of the teeth.
  • the “magnetic field strength” in the present invention corresponds to the magnitude of the magnetic flux density generated in the winding wound for each tooth, or the voltage proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic flux density.
  • the present inventor has obtained the strength of the magnetic field at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the teeth. It has been found that the pattern of change in the direction of the coil and the magnetic field differs depending on the mode of short circuit of the winding. Based on such research results, in the present invention, in the case of the first pattern, it is determined that a short circuit has not occurred in the winding, and in the case of the second pattern, it is adjacent to the extending direction of the teeth.
  • the mode of the short circuit of the windings can be simplified. Can be identified. As a result, the short-circuit mode information can be fed back to the design stage, and measures can be taken regarding the winding method of the winding and the structure of the teeth for winding the winding. As a result, it is possible to reduce the short-circuit occurrence rate of rotating machines such as electric motors and generators, which can contribute to quality improvement.
  • the processor is the case of the third pattern, in which the direction of the magnetic field from the first direction or the second direction to the second direction or the first direction. If the change occurs at the end of the teeth in the extending direction, compare the strength of the magnetic field in the second direction with the threshold, and if the strength of the magnetic field is greater than or equal to the threshold, and / or the magnetic field. The absolute value of the change rate of the magnetic field strength when the direction of is changed from the first direction or the second direction to the second direction or the first direction is compared with the reference change rate, and the absolute value of the change rate is the relevant value.
  • the short circuit of the winding generated at the measurement start position or the measurement end position of the magnetic field at the end in the extending direction of the tooth a short circuit between the windings adjacent to the extending direction of the tooth? , It can be determined whether it is a short circuit between the winding layers. Even if there is a short circuit between windings adjacent in the extending direction of the teeth, if the windings are short-circuited at the end of the extending direction of the teeth at the measurement start position or measurement end position of the magnetic field. By comparing the strength of the magnetic field in the second direction with a preset threshold, because the direction of the magnetic field remains changing from the first direction or the second direction to the second or the first direction.
  • the short circuit generated is a short circuit between windings adjacent to each other in the extending direction of the teeth or a short circuit between the windings.
  • the short circuit between the winding layers has a weaker magnetic field strength or the magnetic field strength than the short circuit between the windings adjacent to each other in the extending direction of the teeth.
  • the absolute value of the rate of change is small, the strength of the magnetic field when a short circuit occurs between the layers of the winding, or the absolute value of the rate of change of the strength of the magnetic field and the winding adjacent to the extension direction of the teeth.
  • a threshold value or a reference change rate is set to an appropriate value between the absolute value of the magnetic field strength when a short circuit occurs between them or the change rate of the magnetic field strength, the extension direction of the teeth. It is possible to distinguish between a short circuit between windings adjacent to the coil and a short circuit between the windings.
  • the memory can store the strength of the magnetic field in association with the measurement position. Then, when the processor determines that a short circuit has occurred between the layers of the winding, it determines that the winding has a short circuit at the measurement position where the direction of the magnetic field is first in the second direction.
  • the memory can store the strength of the magnetic field in association with the measurement position. Then, when the processor determines that a short circuit has occurred between the windings adjacent to the longitudinal direction of the teeth, the processor compares the strength of the magnetic field in the second direction with the second threshold value, and first sets the second threshold value or higher. It is determined that a short circuit has occurred in the winding at the measurement position associated with the strength of the magnetic field determined to be present.
  • the voltage oscillator applies an AC voltage having a frequency higher than the commercial frequency between the terminals of the winding.
  • the present inventors reduce the measured magnetic flux density due to the influence of the inductance component of the winding, while short-circuiting the winding. It was found that the rate of decrease in the magnetic flux density measured at the location where the short circuit occurs tends to be larger than the rate of decrease in the magnetic flux density measured at the location where the short circuit does not occur. That is, when the frequency of the AC voltage applied by the voltage oscillating unit is increased, the value of the magnetic flux density measured at the normal place where the short circuit does not occur in the winding and the value measured at the place where the short circuit occurs. It was found that there is a large difference between the value of the magnetic flux density and the value of the magnetic flux density. Based on these research results, in the present embodiment, since the frequency of the AC voltage applied between the terminals of the winding is set to a frequency higher than the commercial frequency, it becomes easy to identify the presence or absence of a short circuit. ..
  • the voltage oscillator applies an AC voltage of 200 volts or less between the terminals of the winding.
  • the power supply supplied to the voltage oscillator can be miniaturized, and the electronic circuit of the voltage oscillator can be finished at low cost.
  • the winding short circuit diagnostic apparatus itself can be downsized and the cost can be reduced.
  • the magnetic field sensor has a search coil for measuring the strength of the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field sensor is arranged so that the axial direction of the search coil is parallel to the axial direction of the winding wound on the tooth.
  • the magnetic field sensor has a search coil for measuring the strength of the magnetic field. Then, when the magnetic field sensor measures the strength of the magnetic field, the axis of the search coil on the virtual projection plane when viewed from one side in the axial direction of the stator or rotor is wound around the teeth. It is arranged so as to overlap the axis of.
  • the magnetic field strength is measured in a state where the axis of the search coil of the magnetic field sensor is aligned with the axis of the winding wound around the tooth, the side of the winding wound around the tooth is measured.
  • the influence of the magnetic field generated by the edge in other words, the portion of the winding wound around the tooth that is radially outwardly separated from the axis can be suppressed. This makes it possible to more accurately diagnose the presence or absence of a short circuit in the winding.
  • a winding short circuit diagnostic method for diagnosis is configured.
  • the winding short circuit diagnosis method (a) an AC voltage is applied between the terminals of the winding wound for each tooth, and (b) a magnetic field generated in the winding wound for each tooth in response to the application of the AC voltage. The strength of is measured at predetermined intervals along the extension direction of the teeth, and (c) the AC voltage or the AC current flowing through the winding due to the AC voltage and the measured magnetic field strength are measured.
  • the direction of the stored magnetic field at predetermined intervals is determined based on (d) the AC voltage or AC current, and the strength of the magnetic field, and (e) all the determined magnetic field directions are the first directions.
  • the first pattern it is determined that no short circuit has occurred in the winding, and the direction of the magnetic field stored in the memory changes from the first direction to the second direction opposite to the first direction.
  • the second pattern that changes from the second direction to the first direction after the change, it is determined that a short circuit has occurred between the windings adjacent to the extending direction of the teeth, and the magnetic field stored in the memory.
  • the “magnetic field strength” in the present invention corresponds to the magnitude of the magnetic flux density generated in the winding wound for each tooth, or the voltage proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic flux density.
  • the present inventor has obtained the strength of the magnetic field at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the teeth. It has been found that the pattern of change in the direction of the coil and the magnetic field differs depending on the mode of short circuit of the winding. Based on such research results, in the present invention, in the case of the first pattern, it is determined that a short circuit has not occurred in the winding, and in the case of the second pattern, it is adjacent to the extending direction of the teeth.
  • the mode of the short circuit of the windings can be simplified. Can be identified. As a result, the short-circuit mode information can be fed back to the design stage, and measures can be taken regarding the winding method of the winding and the structure of the teeth for winding the winding. As a result, it is possible to reduce the short-circuit occurrence rate of rotating machines such as electric motors and generators, which can contribute to quality improvement.
  • the step (e) is the case of the third pattern, and the magnetic field from the first direction or the second direction to the second direction or the first direction. If the change in direction occurs at the end of the teeth in the extending direction, the strength of the magnetic field in the second direction is compared with the threshold value, and if the strength of the magnetic field is greater than or equal to the threshold value, and / Alternatively, the absolute value of the change rate of the magnetic field strength when the direction of the magnetic field changes from the first direction or the second direction to the second direction or the first direction is compared with the reference change rate, and the absolute value of the change rate is absolute.
  • the value is greater than or equal to the reference rate of change, it is determined that a short circuit has occurred between the windings adjacent to the longitudinal direction of the teeth, and if the strength of the magnetic field is less than the threshold value, and / or the rate of change. If the absolute value is less than the reference rate of change, it includes a step of determining that a short circuit has occurred between the layers of the winding.
  • the short circuit of the winding generated at the measurement start position or the measurement end position of the magnetic field at the end in the extending direction of the tooth a short circuit between the windings adjacent to the extending direction of the tooth? , It can be determined whether it is a short circuit between the winding layers. Even if there is a short circuit between windings adjacent in the extending direction of the teeth, if the windings are short-circuited at the end of the extending direction of the teeth at the measurement start position or measurement end position of the magnetic field. By comparing the strength of the magnetic field in the second direction with a preset threshold, because the direction of the magnetic field remains changing from the first direction or the second direction to the second or the first direction.
  • the short circuit generated is a short circuit between windings adjacent to each other in the extending direction of the teeth or a short circuit between the windings.
  • the short circuit between the winding layers has a weaker magnetic field strength or the magnetic field strength than the short circuit between the windings adjacent to each other in the extending direction of the teeth.
  • the absolute value of the rate of change is small, the strength of the magnetic field when a short circuit occurs between the layers of the winding, or the absolute value of the rate of change of the strength of the magnetic field and the winding adjacent to the extension direction of the teeth.
  • a threshold value or a reference change rate is set to an appropriate value between the absolute value of the magnetic field strength when a short circuit occurs between them or the change rate of the magnetic field strength, the extension direction of the teeth. It is possible to distinguish between a short circuit between windings adjacent to the coil and a short circuit between the windings.
  • FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the structure of the winding short circuit diagnostic apparatus 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which looked at the electric motor 2 in the state which the rotor 32 was removed from one side in the axial direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of the structure of the stator 22. It is a perspective explanatory view which shows the positional relationship between the U-phase winding 24U and the search coil 62 installed on the U-phase winding 24U. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which looked at the positional relationship between the U-phase winding 24U and the search coil 62 installed on the U-phase winding 24U in the cross section cut by the plane orthogonal to the axes CL1 and CL2.
  • the winding short circuit diagnostic apparatus 1 is any one of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W described later of the electric motor 2 as a rotating machine (see FIG. 2).
  • a voltage oscillating unit 4 that applies an AC voltage between the terminals
  • a magnetic field sensor 6 that measures the magnetic field generated in the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W due to the application of an AC voltage by the voltage oscillating unit 4, and a voltage.
  • An A / D conversion unit 8 electrically connected to the oscillation unit 4 and the magnetic field sensor 6 by signal lines L1 and L2, and a diagnostic unit 10 electrically connected to the A / D conversion unit 8 by signal lines L3.
  • the diagnostic unit 10 is provided with a display device 12 electrically connected by a signal line L4.
  • the electric motor 2 is configured as a general-purpose three-phase induction motor, and mainly includes a stator 22 and a rotor 32 as shown in FIG.
  • the stator 22 is formed by laminating thin electromagnetic steel sheets (ferromagnetic materials), and as shown in FIG. 3, the stator 22a is formed in a substantially annular shape, and the yoke 22a is formed from the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 22a. It is equipped with a plurality of teeth 22b extending toward the center of the surface.
  • each tooth 22b is directly provided with three-phase windings 24U, 24V, 24W via an insulator (not shown) (so-called centralized winding method). That is, the U-phase winding 24U is wound around 6 of the 18 teeth 22b, the V-phase winding 24V is wound around the other 6 pieces, and the W-phase winding 24W is wound around the remaining 6 pieces. There is.
  • the ends of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W form a connection terminal 26 that is drawn out as a lead wire to the outside of the motor 2 and connected to a commercial AC power supply.
  • stator 22 having the teeth 22b in which the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W are wound by the centralized winding method is described in the present invention as "concentrated winding is performed on the teeth arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction. This is an example of an implementation configuration corresponding to the "stator of the rotating machine".
  • the voltage oscillator 4 includes between the U-phase winding 24U and the V-phase winding 24V (hereinafter referred to as “UV-phase”) or the V-phase winding 24V and W among the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, 24W.
  • An AC voltage can be applied between the phase windings 24W (hereinafter referred to as "VW phase”) or between the W phase winding 24W and the U phase winding 24U (hereinafter referred to as "WU phase”). It is configured as a function generator that can change the frequency of the applied AC voltage. As shown in FIG.
  • the AC voltage applied to each of the UV phase, the VW phase, and the WU phase by the voltage oscillator 4 or the AC current ACI flowing by the AC voltage is A / D converted. After being digitized by the unit 8, it is transmitted to the diagnostic unit 10 via the signal line L3.
  • the AC voltage applied by the voltage oscillating unit 4 to each of the UV phase, the VW phase, and the WW phase is 200 volts or less, and the frequency is 60 Hz (or the frequency of the commercial AC voltage oscillating unit). It was set to 1 kHz, which is higher than 200 Hz).
  • the power supply can be miniaturized and the electronic circuit of the voltage oscillator 4 can be finished at low cost.
  • the winding short circuit diagnostic apparatus 1 itself can be downsized and the cost can be reduced.
  • the magnetic field sensor 6 includes a search coil 62 and an amplifier 64 that amplifies the magnitude of the output voltage Vs output from the search coil 62.
  • the search coil 62 has a configuration in which the coil is wound for several turns to several tens of turns, thereby outputting an output voltage Vs proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic flux density.
  • the output voltage Vs which is an analog signal output from the search coil 62 and amplified by the amplifier 64, is digitized by the A / D converter 8 and then transmitted to the diagnostic unit 10 via the signal line L3.
  • the diagnostic unit 10 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU 70 (not shown), and is connected to a ROM 72 (not shown) that stores a processing program in addition to the CPU 70, a RAM 74 that temporarily stores data, and a signal line L3. It is provided with an input port and an output port to which the signal line L4 is connected.
  • the output voltage Vs, AC voltage, and AC current ACI from the A / D conversion unit 8 are input to the diagnosis unit 10, and the short-circuit diagnosis results of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W are input from the diagnosis unit 10. Is output to the display device 12 via the signal line L4.
  • the short-circuit diagnosis of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, 24W of the electric motor 2 by the winding short-circuit diagnostic device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention configured in this way will be described.
  • the short-circuit diagnosis of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W is performed with the rotor 32 removed from the motor 2, that is, with only the centralized stator 22 (see FIG. 2).
  • the diagnosis is performed for each tooth 22b in which any one of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W is wound, but in the following, for convenience of explanation, the U phase wound in any one tooth 22b.
  • a case of diagnosing a short circuit in the winding 24U will be described as an example.
  • the magnetic field sensor 6 is installed on any one tooth 22b around which the U-phase winding 24U is wound.
  • the magnetic field sensor 6 has the axis CL1 of the search coil 62 on the axis CL2 of the U-phase winding 24U wound around the teeth 22b (the axis CL2 of the teeth 22b).
  • the distance from the surface of the U-phase winding 24U of the axis CL1 is set to a predetermined distance h (for example, 5 mm) (see FIG.
  • the motor 2 When viewed from one side of the rotor 32) in the axial direction (when FIG. 2 is viewed from the direction perpendicular to the paper surface), the axial line CL1 and the axis CL2 are in an overlapping positional relationship (see FIG. 2). Will be installed.
  • the magnetic field sensor 6 is measured on the U-phase winding 24U in which the search coil 62 is wound around the root portion of the teeth 22b (the end portion of the teeth 22b connected to the yoke 22a). It is installed so that it comes to position t 0 .
  • an AC voltage 200 V or less
  • an AC voltage 200 V or less
  • the U-phase winding 24U more specifically, between the U-V phase (or between the W-U phase).
  • an alternating current ACI is passed.
  • the AC current ACI flowing through the U-phase winding 24U due to the AC voltage is digitized by the A / D conversion unit 8 and then linked to the measured measurement position t 0 and linked to the RAM 74 of the diagnosis unit 10. Is temporarily stored in.
  • the RAM 74 that stores the AC current ACI flowing through the U-phase winding 24U due to the AC voltage and the output voltage Vs in association with the measured measurement position t 0 is an example of an embodiment configuration corresponding to the “memory” in the present invention. Is.
  • the closed loop 24Us is induced electromotive force is generated by the magnetic field generated around the U-phase winding 24U by an alternating current ACI is passed, a current flows I S due to the induced electromotive force (see FIG. 8 ).
  • a strength H S by the current I S the direction of the magnetic field generated around the U-phase winding 24U by an alternating current ACI reverse A magnetic field is generated.
  • the output voltage is output from the search coil 62 Vs is strong magnetic field generated around the U-phase winding 24U by an alternating current ACI of H 0 and the current I S magnetic field intensity H S generated around the closed loop 24Us by The size is proportional to the difference between.
  • the induced electromotive force can be expressed as a function of the frequency of the AC voltage applied between the terminals of the U-phase winding 24U, the frequency of the AC voltage applied between the terminals of the U-phase winding 24U should be increased. Accordingly, it is possible to increase intentionally the strength H S of the magnetic field generated around the closed loop 24US. This makes it easy to identify whether or not a short circuit has occurred in the U-phase winding 24U.
  • the measured magnetic flux density becomes smaller due to the influence of the inductance component of the U-phase winding 24U. Since the rate of decrease in the magnetic flux density measured at the location where the short circuit S occurs tends to be larger than the rate of decrease in the magnetic flux density measured at the location where the short circuit S does not occur, the U phase As the frequency of the AC voltage applied between the terminals of the winding 24U is increased, the value of the magnetic flux density measured at the location where the short circuit S occurs and the normal location where the short circuit S does not occur. It is possible to make a large difference between the value of the magnetic flux density measured in 1 and the value of the magnetic flux density, which makes it easy to identify whether or not a short circuit has occurred in the U-phase winding 24U.
  • a short circuit occurs between the windings in which the U-phase winding 24U is adjacent to the axis CL2 direction of the U-phase winding 24U (the axis CL2 direction of the teeth 22b or the extension direction of the teeth 22b).
  • a short circuit occurs between the layers of the U-phase winding 24U
  • a new closed loop is generated in the U-phase winding 24U due to the short circuit S, which is caused by the closed loop.
  • An induced electromotive force is generated, and an alternating current ACI generates a magnetic field in the direction opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated around the U-phase winding 24U.
  • the U-phase winding 24U when a short circuit occurs between the windings adjacent to the axis CL2 direction of the U-phase winding 24U (the axis CL2 direction of the teeth 22b or the extending direction of the teeth 22b), the U-phase winding 24U than when a short circuit occurs in the layers of windings, the absolute value of the strength H S and the rate of change of the magnetic field of the magnetic field generated around the closed loop 24Us increases.
  • the equation (1) is a current Is when a short circuit occurs between windings adjacent to the axis CL2 direction of the U-phase winding 24U (the axis CL2 direction of the teeth 22b or the extending direction of the teeth 22b).
  • the formula (2) is a formula for obtaining the current Is when a short circuit occurs between the U-phase windings 24U between the windings, and N> n.
  • R is the resistance of the short-circuit S portion
  • ⁇ is the angular frequency
  • L is the inductance component of the short-circuit S portion
  • ⁇ is the magnetic flux passing through the short-circuit S portion
  • t is the time
  • n and N are the short-circuit S. The number of turns.
  • the CPU 70 of the diagnostic unit 10 subsequently determines the magnetic field sensor 6 (based on the relationship between the AC current ACI stored in the RAM 74 and the output voltage Vs.
  • the direction of the magnetic field measured by the search coil 62) is determined.
  • the phase difference between the AC current ACI and the output voltage Vs is compared, and the direction of the magnetic field is determined based on the phase difference. As shown in FIG. 9, if the phase difference between the AC current ACI and the output voltage Vs is within a predetermined range, it is determined that the direction of the magnetic field is the positive direction, and as shown in FIG.
  • the AC current ACI and the output If the phase difference from the voltage Vs is out of the predetermined range, it is determined to be in the negative direction.
  • the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the positive direction means that the direction of the magnetic field measured by the magnetic field sensor 6 (search coil 62) is the same as the direction of the magnetic field generated around the U-phase winding 24U.
  • the fact that the direction of the magnetic field is negative is defined as the direction of the magnetic field measured by the magnetic field sensor 6 (search coil 62) is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated around the U-phase winding 24U. ..
  • the CPU 70 of the diagnostic unit 10 that compares the phase difference between the AC current ACI and the output voltage Vs and determines the direction of the magnetic field based on the phase difference is an example of the implementation configuration corresponding to the "processor" in the present invention. is there.
  • the mode in which the direction of the magnetic field is positive corresponds to the "first direction” in the present invention, and the mode in which the direction of the magnetic field is negative corresponds to the "second direction” in the present invention. is there.
  • the direction of the magnetic field measured by the magnetic field sensor 6 is determined in order to more accurately diagnose whether or not a short circuit has occurred in the U-phase winding 24U. That is, in the centralized winding, due to the configuration in which a ferromagnetic material is used as the material of the teeth 22b, even if a slight short circuit such as a short circuit occurs, the direction is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field created by other parts where the short circuit does not occur. Since a strong magnetic field is generated, the difference between the case where a short circuit occurs and the case where a short circuit does not occur may be unclear only by the strength of the magnetic field (magnitude of output voltage Vs). It may be difficult to determine the occurrence, but by considering the direction of the magnetic field, the difference between the case where a short circuit occurs and the case where a short circuit does not occur becomes clear, so that a short circuit occurs. Can be reliably diagnosed.
  • a process of adding a positive with respect to the determined direction of the magnetic field to the stored output voltage Vs is executed. That is, the process of replacing the output voltage Vs previously stored in the RAM 74 (without the positive / negative information added) with the output voltage Vs to which the positive / negative information is added is executed.
  • the search coil 62 moves the magnetic field sensor 6 to come to measuring position t 1, the measurement position t 1
  • the output voltage Vs is measured in the above, the direction of the magnetic field is determined based on the relationship between the output voltage Vs and the AC current ACI, and the output voltage Vs previously stored in the RAM 74 (without positive / negative information added) is determined.
  • the process of replacing with the output voltage Vs to which the positive / negative information is added is executed.
  • Such processing is repeatedly executed while moving to the measurement position t L by a predetermined interval d. That is, the position of the search coil 62 is moved from the base of the teeth 22b (the end of the connection of the teeth 22b to the yoke 22a) toward the tip of the teeth 22b (the end of the stator 22 near the center) of the axis CL2 of the teeth 22b.
  • the above-mentioned processing (processing from measuring the output voltage Vs to which the positive / negative information is not added until replacing it with the output voltage Vs to which the positive / negative information is added) is executed while moving by a predetermined interval d along the extending direction of. To do.
  • the predetermined interval d can be set to a value substantially equal to the distance between the centers of the coils constituting the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W, for example.
  • the output voltage Vs is the first pattern in which all the output voltages Vs are positive, or the second pattern in which the output voltage Vs changes from positive to negative and then changes from negative to positive again. It is determined whether it is the third pattern in which the negative or positive changes from positive or negative to negative or positive, or the fourth pattern in which the output voltage Vs changes in negative.
  • the threshold value Vsref1 is set when a short circuit occurs between windings adjacent to the axis CL2 direction of the U-phase winding 24U (the axis CL2 direction of the teeth 22b or the extending direction of the teeth 22b). It is a value set to determine the location where a short circuit occurs, and in the present embodiment, it is configured to be obtained in advance by an experiment or the like and stored in the ROM 72.
  • the threshold value Vsref1 is an example of an implementation configuration corresponding to the "second threshold value" in the present invention.
  • the threshold value Vsref2 is an example of an implementation configuration corresponding to the "threshold value" in the present invention.
  • the U-phase winding 24U at the measurement positions t 0 and t L If the absolute value of the output voltage Vs to which negative information is added is equal to or greater than the threshold Vsref2, or the absolute value of the rate of change CR is greater than or equal to the reference rate of change BCR, the U-phase winding 24U at the measurement positions t 0 and t L. It is determined that a short circuit has occurred between the windings adjacent to the axis CL2 direction (the axis CL2 direction of the teeth 22b or the extending direction of the teeth 22b), and the determination result is transmitted to the display device 12.
  • the U phase winding is performed at the measurement positions t 0 and t L. It is determined that a short circuit has occurred between the layers of the wire 24U, and the determination result is transmitted to the display device 12.
  • each measurement position t i (i 0 ⁇ L ) for each of the output voltage Vs of the variants of positive and negative information is added occurred in the U-phase winding 24U based on (first, second, third and fourth patterns) Determining the mode of the short circuit, that is, whether a short circuit has occurred between the windings adjacent to the U-phase winding 24U in the axis CL2 direction, or whether a short circuit has occurred between the layers of the winding.
  • the CPU 70 is an example of an implementation configuration corresponding to the "processor" in the present invention.
  • FIGS. 11 to 11 show the results of experiments in which the above-mentioned first, second, third, and fourth patterns of short-circuit occurrence are diagnosed using the winding short-circuit diagnostic apparatus 1 of the present invention according to the present embodiment. This will be described with reference to 26.
  • a solenoid coil in which two layers of windings were wound in a range of 50 mm in the center of the longitudinal direction was used, leaving only 5 mm at both ends in the longitudinal direction of a rectangular body made of iron material having a length of 60 mm, in the longitudinal direction of the solenoid coil.
  • a magnetic field sensor 6 is installed so that the search coil 62 is arranged at one end (hereinafter referred to as "measurement start point"), and the magnetic field sensor 6 is set to 2 mm (in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular body) of the solenoid coil.
  • the magnetic field was measured by changing the measurement point to the other end in the longitudinal direction of the solenoid coil (hereinafter referred to as “measurement end point”) while shifting the distance between the centers.
  • the solenoid coil SLC1 (FIGS. 11 and 19) having a two-layer winding structure without a short circuit, and the solenoid coil at a position 30 mm from the measurement start point (measurement position t30, FIGS. 12 and 20).
  • a two-layer winding structure solenoid coil SLC2 in which a short circuit is generated between windings adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the coil, and windings adjacent to the longitudinal direction of the solenoid coil at the measurement start point (measurement position t 0 , FIGS. 13 and 21).
  • a short circuit is generated between the windings of the solenoid coil SLC3 having a two-layer winding structure in which a short circuit is generated between the wires, and the windings adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the solenoid coil at the measurement end point (measurement position t 50 , FIGS. 14 and 22).
  • Two-layer winding structure solenoid coil SLC4 two-layer winding structure solenoid coil SLC5 in which a short circuit occurs between the winding layers at a position 37 mm from the measurement start point (FIGS. 15 and 23), measurement end point (FIG. 15 and FIG. 23).
  • solenoid coils SLC6 and SCL7 having a two-layer winding structure in which a short circuit is generated between the winding layers (the solenoid coil SCL6 and the solenoid coil SCL7 have the same short circuit location.
  • a solenoid coil SLC8 having a three-layer winding structure in which a short circuit occurs between the winding layers at the measurement start point (measurement position t 0 , FIGS. 18 and 26) is used. And said.
  • An alternating current ACI of about 70 mA was applied between the terminals of the solenoid coil (the frequency at this time is 1 kHz).
  • the output voltage Vs has a positive value in the entire range from the measurement position t 0 (measurement start point) to the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point). Indicated. As a result, it was confirmed that if the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the first pattern, it can be determined that a short circuit has not occurred in the winding.
  • the output voltage Vs becomes negative from the measurement position t 28 (point 28 mm from the measurement start point), and the measurement position t 34 (point 34 mm from the measurement start point). ), The output voltage Vs is positive again.
  • the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the second pattern, it can be determined that a short circuit has occurred between the windings adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the windings. It was also confirmed that it was possible to identify that a short circuit occurred at the measurement position t 30 (a point 30 mm from the measurement start point) where the absolute value of the output voltage Vs was equal to or higher than the threshold value Vsref1.
  • the output voltage Vs is negative at the measurement position t 0 (measurement start point), and the measurement position t 4 (point 4 mm from the measurement start point).
  • output voltage Vs is turned positive, the output voltage Vs to the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point) has remained positive while in.
  • the absolute value of the output voltage Vs at the measurement position t 0 (measurement start point) is equal to or higher than the threshold value Vsref2 (dashed line in FIG. 13).
  • the absolute value of the slope (change rate CR of output voltage Vs) of the straight line two-dot chain line in FIG.
  • the output voltage Vs turns negative at the measurement position t 48 ( 48 mm from the measurement start point) and reaches the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point).
  • the output voltage Vs remains negative until.
  • the absolute value of the output voltage Vs at the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point) is equal to or higher than the threshold value Vsref2 (dashed line in FIG. 14).
  • the absolute value of the slope (change rate CR of output voltage Vs) of the straight line (two-dot chain line in FIG. 14) connecting the positive peak value and the negative peak value of the output voltage Vs is the reference change rate BCR (FIG. 14). 14 solid lines) or more.
  • the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the case of the third pattern, and the short circuit is the end portion of the teeth 22b (the extending end portion of the teeth 22b or the end portion of the teeth 22b on the connection portion side to the stator 22).
  • the threshold Vsref2 the absolute value of the output voltage Vs is equal to or greater than the threshold Vsref2
  • the rate of change CR of the output voltage Vs is greater than or equal to the reference rate of change BCR
  • the teeth 22b are adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction. It was confirmed that it can be determined that a short circuit has occurred between the windings. It was also confirmed that it was possible to identify that a short circuit occurred at the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point) where the absolute value of the output voltage Vs was equal to or higher than the threshold value Vsref1 (broken line in FIG. 14).
  • the output voltage Vs turns negative at the measurement position t 38 ( 38 mm from the measurement start point) and reaches the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point).
  • the output voltage Vs remains negative until.
  • the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the third pattern and the short circuit occurs at a position other than the end of the teeth 22b, that is, at a measurement position other than the measurement positions t 0 and t 50 (measurement end point). If so, it was confirmed that it can be determined that a short circuit has occurred between the layers of the winding. It was also confirmed that it was possible to identify that a short circuit had occurred at the measurement position t 38 (a point 38 mm from the measurement start point) where the output voltage Vs changed from positive to negative.
  • the output voltage Vs turns negative at the measurement position t50 (a position 50 mm from the measurement start point).
  • the absolute value of the output voltage Vs at the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point) is less than the threshold value Vsref2 (dashed line in FIG. 16).
  • the absolute value (change rate CR of output voltage Vs) of the slope of the straight line (two-dot chain line in FIG. 16) connecting the positive peak value and the negative peak value of the output voltage Vs is the reference change rate BCR (FIG. 16). It is less than 16 solid lines).
  • the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the case of the third pattern, and the short circuit is the end portion of the teeth 22b (the extending end portion of the teeth 22b or the end portion of the teeth 22b on the connection portion side to the stator 22). If the absolute value of the output voltage Vs is less than the threshold Vsref2, or if the change rate CR of the output voltage Vs is less than the reference change rate BCR, a short circuit occurs between the winding layers. It was confirmed that it can be determined that the voltage is correct. The output voltage Vs is shorted at the measurement position t 50 that switches from positive to negative (measurement end point) was that also confirmed that it is possible to identify the occurring.
  • the solenoid coil SLC7 basically causes a short circuit at the same position as the solenoid coil SLC6, but the measurement start point and the measurement end point are opposite to those of the solenoid coil SLC6. .. That is, in the solenoid coil SLC7, the measurement starting point has become a measurement position t 50, the measurement end point is in the measurement position 0.
  • the output voltage Vs shows a negative value at the measurement position t 50 (measurement start point), and then the output voltage Vs becomes negative at the measurement position t 48 (point 2 mm from the measurement start point). After turning positive, the output voltage Vs has remained positive until the measurement position t 0 (measurement end point).
  • the absolute value of the output voltage Vs at the measurement position t 50 is less than the threshold value Vsref2 (dotted line in FIG. 17).
  • the absolute value (change rate CR of output voltage Vs) of the slope of the straight line (two-dot chain line in FIG. 17) connecting the positive peak value and the negative peak value of the output voltage Vs is the reference change rate BCR (FIG. 17). It is less than 17 solid lines).
  • the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the case of the third pattern, and the short circuit is the end portion of the teeth 22b (the extending end portion of the teeth 22b or the end portion of the teeth 22b on the connection portion side to the stator 22).
  • the solenoid coil SLC8 has a three-layer winding structure unlike the solenoid coils SLC1 to 7 (the solenoid coils SLC1 to 7 have a two-layer winding structure).
  • the output voltage Vs has a negative value in the entire range from the measurement position t 0 (measurement start point) to the measurement position t 50 (measurement end point). Indicated.
  • the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the fourth pattern, it can be determined that a short circuit has occurred between the winding layers. In this case, the location where the short circuit occurs cannot be specified.
  • the direction of the magnetic field measured by the magnetic field sensor 6 (search coil 62) is determined, and the three-phase winding 24U depends on which of the patterns 1 to 4 the change mode of the output voltage Vs in consideration of the direction of the magnetic field corresponds to.
  • 24V, 24W is wound around the teeth 22b because it is configured to determine whether a short circuit has occurred between windings adjacent to the teeth 22b in the extending direction or between layers. It is possible to identify how the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W are short-circuited. As a result, it is possible to obtain mode information that tends to cause a short circuit. Therefore, by feeding back the information to the design stage, measures such as how to wind the winding and the structure of the teeth for winding the winding can be taken. Can be applied. As a result, the short-circuit occurrence rate of the rotating machine such as the electric motor 2 and the generator can be reduced, which can contribute to quality improvement.
  • the phase difference between the AC current ACI and the output voltage Vs is compared, and the direction of the magnetic field is determined based on the phase difference, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the phase difference between the AC voltage and the output voltage Vs may be compared, and the direction of the magnetic field may be determined based on the phase difference.
  • the strength of the magnetic field is measured from the root portion of the teeth 22b (the end portion of the teeth 22b connected to the yoke 22a) toward the tip portion of the teeth 22b (the end portion near the center of the stator 22).
  • the configuration is such that the direction of the magnetic field is determined, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the magnetic field is applied from the tip of the tooth 22b (the end near the center of the stator 22) to the root of the tooth 22b (the end of the connection of the tooth 22b to the yoke 22a). It may be configured to measure the strength and perform a process of determining the direction of the magnetic field.
  • the change mode of the output voltage Vs is the case of the third pattern, and the short circuit is on the end portion of the teeth 22b (the extending end portion of the teeth 22 or the connection portion side of the teeth 22 to the stator 22). If it occurs at the end), whether or not the absolute value of the output voltage Vs to which negative information is added is equal to or greater than the threshold value Vsref2, and the absolute value of the change rate CR of the output voltage Vs is the reference change.
  • the configuration is such that both determination of whether or not the ratio is BCR or higher is performed, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the configuration may be such that only one is determined. Further, whether or not the absolute value of the output voltage Vs to which negative information is added is equal to or higher than the threshold Vsref2, and whether or not the absolute value of the change rate CR of the output voltage Vs is equal to or higher than the reference change rate BCR.
  • both judgments are made, only when both are "OK", a short circuit occurs between the windings adjacent to the axis CL2 direction of the U-phase winding 24U (the axis CL2 direction of the teeth 22b or the extension direction of the teeth 22b). If both are "No", it may be determined that a short circuit has occurred between the layers of the U-phase winding 24U.
  • the frequency of the AC voltage applied to each of the UV phase, the VW phase, and the WU phase is set to 1 kHz by the voltage oscillator 4, but the frequency is not limited to this. If the frequency of the AC voltage applied by the voltage oscillating unit 4 between the UV phase, the VW phase, and the WU phase is higher than the frequency of the commercial AC power supply of 60 Hz (or 50 Hz), the frequency will be any value. It may be.
  • the voltage oscillating unit 4 sets the AC voltage applied to each of the UV phase, the VW phase, and the WU phase to 200 volts or less, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the predetermined interval d which is the interval for moving the search coil 62, is set to a value substantially equal to the distance between the centers of the coils constituting the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W. Not limited to.
  • the short circuit of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, 24W in the stator 22 having the teeth 22b in which the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, 24W are directly wound is diagnosed.
  • a configuration for diagnosing a short circuit of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, 24W in a rotor 32 having a slot in which the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, 24W are directly wound may be used.
  • a short circuit of the three-phase windings 24U, 24V, and 24W may be diagnosed with the stator 22 removed from the motor 2 and only the rotor 32.
  • the present embodiment shows an example of a mode for carrying out the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment.
  • the correspondence between each component of the present embodiment and each component of the present invention is shown below.
  • Winding short circuit diagnostic device (winding short circuit diagnostic device) 2 Electric motor (rotating machine) 4 Voltage oscillator (voltage oscillator) 6 Magnetic field sensor (magnetic field sensor) 8 A / D conversion unit 10 Diagnosis unit 22 Stator (stator) 22a York 22b Teeth (Teeth) 24U U phase winding (winding) 24Us Closed Loop 24V V-Phase Winding 24W W phase winding (winding) 26 Connection terminal 32 Rotor (rotor) 62 Search coil (search coil) 64 Amplifier 70 CPU (Processor) 72 ROM 74 RAM (memory) 106 Magnetic field sensor (Magnetic field sensor) ACI alternating current (alternating current) L1 signal line L2 signal line L3 signal line L4 signal line Vs output voltage (output voltage) CL1 axis CL2 axis H 0 field strength H s magnetic field intensity I s current S short t 0 the measurement position t L measurement position t i measured position d predetermined distance h

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Tests Of Circuit Breakers, Generators, And Electric Motors (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/021901 2019-06-03 2019-06-03 巻線短絡診断装置および巻線短絡診断方法 WO2020245859A1 (ja)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113670188A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-19 国网福建省电力有限公司漳州供电公司 变压器单个饼式线圈径向变形的测试装置及评估方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS644424B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1984-06-12 1989-01-25 Sankyo Seiki Seisakusho Kk
JPH01307677A (ja) * 1988-06-06 1989-12-12 Nissin Electric Co Ltd コイルの故障検出装置
JP2009247203A (ja) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 General Electric Co <Ge> 外部線束密度を測定することによる電気機械の非侵襲的監視及び診断

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6404424B1 (ja) 2017-09-27 2018-10-10 株式会社トーエネック 巻線短絡診断装置および巻線短絡診断方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS644424B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1984-06-12 1989-01-25 Sankyo Seiki Seisakusho Kk
JPH01307677A (ja) * 1988-06-06 1989-12-12 Nissin Electric Co Ltd コイルの故障検出装置
JP2009247203A (ja) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 General Electric Co <Ge> 外部線束密度を測定することによる電気機械の非侵襲的監視及び診断

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113670188A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-19 国网福建省电力有限公司漳州供电公司 变压器单个饼式线圈径向变形的测试装置及评估方法

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