WO2020238716A1 - Method for preparing garden rockery or terrain by using solid waste of buildings regenerated from demolition sites - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for preparing rockery or terrain by using the solid waste of buildings regenerated from demolition sites, which relates to the technical field of rockery or terrain processing, the method comprising the following steps: (1) mold making; (2) the crushing of the solid waste of buildings; (3) material mixing; (4) casting; (5) structure densification processing; (6) demolding; and (7) modifying. The method uses the solid waste of buildings as the main materials, and uses auxiliary materials such as polycaprolactone to make rockery or terrain by processing, thereby achieving the reasonable reuse of the solid waste of buildings. In addition, the produced rockery or terrain has good appearance qualities and strong environmental protection, while having good compression resistance and strong water retention, which is conducive to the cultivation of green plants on the rockery or terrain, thereby beautifying and purifying the environment.

Description

Method for preparing garden rockery or terrain by using solid waste of building in demolished site to be recycled Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rockery or terrain processing, in particular to a method for preparing garden rockery or terrain by using solid waste of buildings in demolished sites to regenerate.

Background technique

Rockery is a mountain built with soil, stone and other materials in the garden for the purpose of landscaping. Rockery has many landscaping functions, such as forming the main landscape or topographical framework of the garden, dividing and organizing the garden space, arranging courtyards, revetments, slope protection, soil retaining, and setting up natural flower stands. It can also be combined with garden buildings, garden roads, sites, and garden plants to form a varied landscape, thereby reducing artificial atmosphere, adding natural interest, and integrating garden buildings into the landscape environment. Therefore, rockery has become one of the characteristics of Chinese natural landscape gardens.

The development of modern garden rockery is different from classical garden rockery, showing a trend of diversification and integration. Classical rockery is limited to stone and construction technical conditions, and has certain limitations in landscape creation. However, the development of modern construction technology and artificial stone materials has gradually made it possible to create varied and abundant mountain and rock landscapes. Especially for large-scale, large-volume stone mountain creation, the inspiration for creation can be drawn from the characteristics of natural geomorphology and combination. The use of cement, plaster, concrete, glass fiber reinforced plastic, organic resin, and GRC (low alkalinity glass fiber cement) as materials for "plasticizing stone" is emerging in modern gardens. The advantages of plastic stone are that the shape is random and changeable, the volume can be large or small, the color can be changeable, the weight is light, the stone is saved, and the expense is saved. The modern stone plastic works are especially suitable for restricted construction conditions or load-bearing conditions. Restricted place.

In terms of the scope of the garden, the terrain includes mounds, terraces, slopes, flat ground, or artificial terrain with horizontal changes caused by steps and ramps. In the construction of garden projects, the undulating terrain of different elevations and levels can create a rich garden landscape effect. The use of solid waste as a topographic filling material supplemented by greening has certain ecological benefits; the effective use of solid waste for topography can also transform transportation and solid waste treatment costs into effective economic benefits.

Construction solid waste (waste concrete construction waste and brick-concrete construction waste) accounts for the largest proportion of all types of construction waste in demolition sites, and is currently the main target for the resource disposal and utilization of construction solid waste. At present, waste concrete construction waste and brick-concrete construction waste are mainly processed into recycled coarse aggregates and recycled fine aggregates for the production of concrete, mortar, concrete bricklaying, concrete bricks and inorganic mixtures in road engineering. At present, the amount of solid waste generated in construction is very large, and if it is unreasonably used, it will seriously affect the environment. The processing of rockery or terrain requires a variety of inorganic materials. In order to realize the application of solid construction waste in rockery processing and terrain creation, the present invention provides a method for processing rockery or terrain using construction solid waste as the main material.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved: The present invention provides a method for preparing garden rockery or terrain by using solid waste from demolition sites to regenerate solid waste. Not only does it realize the recycling of solid waste from construction, but also the prepared rockery or terrain is environmentally friendly and has good properties. The appearance quality and quality of use.

Technical solution: A method for preparing garden rockery or terrain by using solid waste from the demolished building to be recycled, including the following steps:

(1) Making mold: The mold includes an outer mold and an inner mold, and the mold is made according to the established rockery or terrain structure;

(2) Construction solid waste crushing: The construction solid waste is roughly crushed and finely crushed into powder with a particle size of less than 2mm;

(3) Mixing: Add the above-mentioned building solid waste powder, polycaprolactone, Portland cement, nano-absorbent filler, naphthalene-based water reducing agent, and aluminate coupling agent into the mixing machine in proportion, and add water Adjust the solid content of the resulting mixture to 60-70%, mix evenly, and obtain processing materials for rockery or terrain;

(4) Pouring: Introduce the above-mentioned materials into the mold, insert the vibrating rod into the mold to compact the material by vibration, and supplement the material until the material is compacted and flush with the mold opening;

(5) Densification of the structure: Put the cast mold in the heat treatment chamber, first heat it to 130-140°C at a temperature rise rate of 5-10°C/min until the moisture in the material evaporates, then transfer to cold treatment In the room, cool to -5～5℃ at a cooling rate of 5～10℃/min, keep it for 0.5-2h, and then return to room temperature naturally;

(6) Demoulding: Separate the outer mold and the inner mold to obtain crude rockery or terrain;

(7) Modification: The rough surface of the rockery or terrain is modified to obtain the finished product of the rockery or terrain.

The invention utilizes the principle of thermal expansion and contraction and densifies the internal structure of the rockery or terrain through programmed heating and cooling operations, avoiding void structures inside, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the rockery, especially compression resistance strength.

The construction solid waste is selected from one of waste concrete construction waste and waste brick-concrete construction waste.

The nano water-absorbing filler is selected from one of nano calcium carbonate and nano talc.

The mass ratio of the construction solid waste powder, polycaprolactone, Portland cement, nano-absorbent filler, naphthalene-based water reducing agent, and aluminate coupling agent is 100-150: 10-30: 25-50: 10-20:1-10:1-10.

Polycaprolactone is formed by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone with a metal organic compound as a catalyst and a dihydroxy or trihydroxy group as an initiator. It is a polymeric polyester; the present invention is achieved by the addition of polycaprolactone Improving the mechanical properties of the prepared rockery or terrain not only realizes the new application of polycaprolactone in the processing of rockery or terrain, but also because polycaprolactone is biodegradable, it will not pollute the environment.

In order to further improve the water absorption performance of nano-calcium carbonate as a nano-absorbent filler and be beneficial to the green plant cultivation of the rockery or terrain, the present invention also carries out surface modification on nano-calcium carbonate. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

The nano-calcium carbonate is surface-modified, and the modification method is: first add polyglutamic acid to water to prepare a solution, then heat to 60-70°C, keep the temperature and stir, and slowly add nano-calcium carbonate under stirring. After all the nano calcium carbonate is added, continue to keep stirring at 60～70℃ for 15-30min, stop heating, after the obtained solution is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is sent to the freeze dryer, the dried solid is crushed and ground into nano powder .

The amount ratio of the nano calcium carbonate and polyglutamic acid is 10:0.5-2.

In the present invention, polyglutamic acid is used as the surface modification treatment agent of nanometer calcium carbonate, and a novel substance, nanometer calcium carbonate coated with polyglutamic acid on the surface, is prepared through the above modification treatment. First, use the polyglutamic acid coated on the surface to absorb water. When the water absorption of the polyglutamic acid on the surface reaches the maximum, water will penetrate into the calcium carbonate inside, thereby greatly increasing the water absorption rate of calcium carbonate. Polyglutamic acid also imparts water-locking ability to avoid rapid loss of water absorbed in calcium carbonate due to evaporation in a high-temperature natural environment, thereby facilitating plant cultivation on rockeries or terrain.

Beneficial effects: The present invention uses solid construction waste as the main material, and assists with polycaprolactone and other auxiliary materials to produce rockery through processing, which not only realizes the rational reuse of solid construction waste, but also avoids the environmental disadvantages caused by the waste of construction solid waste. In addition, the appearance quality of the rockery produced is good, environmental protection is strong, no harmful substances are generated in the environment during use, and at the same time, it has good compression resistance and strong water retention, which is conducive to the cultivation of green plants on the rockery or terrain. So as to beautify and purify the environment.

Detailed ways

In order to make it easy to understand the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments below.

The solid construction waste in the following examples and comparative examples comes from waste concrete construction solid waste from the same demolished residential building in a certain district in this city; polycaprolactone comes from Hunan Juren Chemical New Material Technology Co., Ltd.; Portland cement 325 Portland cement from Foshan Runhe Building Material Co., Ltd.; naphthalene water reducing agent from Zhengzhou Hongboli Chemical Products Co., Ltd. FDN naphthalene water reducing agent; aluminate coupling agent from Zibo Panguang Plastic Co., Ltd.; Nano calcium carbonate comes from Qingzhou Yuxin Calcium Industry Co., Ltd., with an average particle size of 100nm; Nano talc powder comes from Shanghai Juqian Chemical Co., Ltd., with an average particle size of 100nm; Polyglutamic acid comes from Xi'an Baichuan Biotechnology Technology Co., Ltd., with a molecular weight of 2 million.

Example 1

Processing of rockery:

(1) Making mold: The mold includes an outer mold and an inner mold, and the mold is made according to the established rockery structure;

(2) Construction solid waste crushing: The construction solid waste is roughly crushed and finely crushed into powder with a particle size of less than 2mm;

(3) Mixing: Add the above-mentioned 137kg waste concrete construction solid waste, 24kg polycaprolactone, 38kg Portland cement, 12kg nano calcium carbonate, 2kg naphthalene water reducing agent, 3kg aluminate coupling agent in proportion to the mixture In the feeder, add water to adjust the solid content of the resulting mixture to reach 70%, and mix evenly to obtain rockery processing materials;

(4) Pouring: Introduce the above-mentioned materials into the mold, insert the vibrating rod into the mold to compact the material by vibration, and supplement the material until the material is compacted and flush with the mold opening;

(5) Densification of the structure: Place the cast mold in the heat treatment chamber, first heat it to 140°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min to keep the moisture in the material dry, and then transfer it to the cold treatment chamber. Cool down to -5°C at a cooling rate of 5°C/min, keep it for 1 hour, and then return to room temperature naturally;

(6) Demoulding: Separate the outer mold and inner mold to obtain crude rockery;

(7) Modification: Surface finishing of the crude rockery produced to obtain a finished rockery.

Example 2

Terrain processing:

(1) Making mold: The mold includes an outer mold and an inner mold, and the mold is made according to the established topographic structure;

(2) Construction solid waste crushing: The construction solid waste is roughly crushed and finely crushed into powder with a particle size of less than 2mm;

(3) Mixing: add the above-mentioned 132kg of waste concrete construction solid waste, 22kg of polycaprolactone, 35kg of Portland cement, 10kg of nano calcium carbonate, 2kg of naphthalene-based water reducing agent, and 2kg of aluminate coupling agent into the mixture in proportion. In the feeder, add water to adjust the solid content of the resulting mixture to 70%, mix uniformly, and obtain terrain processing materials;

(4) Pouring: Introduce the above-mentioned materials into the mold, insert the vibrating rod into the mold to compact the material by vibration, and supplement the material until the material is compacted and flush with the mold opening;

(5) Densification of the structure: Place the cast mold in the heat treatment chamber, first heat it to 140°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min to keep the moisture in the material dry, and then transfer it to the cold treatment chamber. Cool down to -5°C at a cooling rate of 5°C/min, keep it for 1 hour, and then return to room temperature naturally;

(6) Demoulding: Separate the outer mold and the inner mold to obtain rough terrain;

(7) Modification: Perform surface trimming on the rough terrain to obtain the finished terrain.

Example 3

Taking Example 1 or 2 as a control, an equivalent amount of nano-talc powder was used to replace nano-calcium carbonate to produce rockery or terrain. The rest of the processing operations were basically the same as those of Example 1 or 2.

Example 4

Taking Example 1 or 2 as a control, a rockery or terrain is produced after surface modification of nano calcium carbonate is set, and the rest of the processing operation is basically the same as that of Example 1 or 2.

Surface modification of nano-calcium carbonate for rockery: first make 1.5kg polyglutamic acid and 5kg water into a solution, then heat to 70℃, keep the temperature and stir, and slowly add 10kg nano-calcium carbonate under stirring, wait for nano-carbonic acid After all the calcium is added, the temperature is kept and stirred for 30 minutes at 70°C, and the heating is stopped. After the obtained solution is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is sent to a freeze dryer. The dried solid is crushed and ground into nano powder with an average particle size of 100 nm.

Surface modification of nano-calcium carbonate for terrain: first make 1.5kg polyglutamic acid and 5kg water into a solution, then heat to 70℃, keep the temperature and stir, and slowly add 8kg nano-calcium carbonate under stirring, wait for nano-carbonic acid After all the calcium is added, the temperature is kept and stirred for 30 minutes at 70°C, and the heating is stopped. After the obtained solution is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is sent to a freeze dryer. The dried solid is crushed and ground into nano powder with an average particle size of 100 nm.

Comparative example 1

Taking Example 1 as a comparison, a comparative example 1 without structural densification treatment is set. The material after pouring is naturally solidified and molded at a normal temperature of 25° C. The other processing operations are basically the same as those of Example 1.

Comparative example 2

Taking Example 1 as a control, a Comparative Example 2 without adding polycaprolactone was set, and the rest of the processing operation was basically the same as that of Example 1.

Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1-2 were used to process rockery, and the water absorption, water retention, and compressive strength of the rockery were measured. The test results are shown in Table 1.

1. Water absorption test method: choose the rockery made in Examples 1, 3-4, and the comparative example as test pieces, weigh the test piece weight W ₀ , and then immerse the test piece in clean water, take it out after 1 hour, and weigh it after water absorption The weight of the test piece W ₁ , and the water absorption rate is calculated, the water absorption rate Q ₁ =(W ₁ -W ₀ )/W ₀ ×100%.

2. Water retention rate test method: choose the rockery made in Examples 1, 3-4, and the comparative example as test pieces, weigh the test piece weight W ₀ , then immerse the test piece in clean water, take it out after 12 hours, and weigh it after absorbing water specimen weight W _2, then the rotational speed of 1200r / min centrifuged 5min, said specimen weight after centrifugation taken W _3, and the water absorption rate is calculated after the _second centrifugal water absorption before centrifugation Q Q _3, then calculate water retention, Water retention rate=(Q ₃ /Q ₂ )×100%.

Q ₂ =(W ₂ -W ₀ )/W ₀ ×100%; Q ₃ =(W ₃ -W ₀ )/W ₀ ×100%.

3. Compressive strength test method: choose the rockery made in Examples 1, 3-4, and the comparative example as test pieces. The test pieces are 30cm in length, 25cm in width and 20cm in height, and then immerse the test pieces in clean water. After 48 hours, take them out and dry them. The surface is placed on the HCT series A type press for strength test, and the applied load rate is kept at 0.25MPa/s.

Table 1

Test items	Example 1	Example 3	Example 4	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2
Water absorption rate/%	147	162	183	135	142
Water retention rate/%	36.5	38.0	45.6	24.3	35.8
Compressive strength/MPa	3.50	3.75	3.75	2.75	3.00

It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with Example 1, in Example 4, the water absorption rate of the rockery was increased from 147% to 183% and the water retention rate from 36.5% to 45.6% through the surface modification treatment of nano-calcium carbonate; Compared with Comparative Example 1, the compressive strength of the rockery produced in Example 1 was increased from 2.75MPa to 3.50MPa through the structure densification treatment. Compared with the Control Example 2, the compressive strength of the rockery produced in Example 1 was increased by the addition of polycaprolactone. The compressive strength is increased from 3.00MPa to 3.50MPa. As shown in Table 1, Comparative Example 1 without structural densification treatment and Comparative Example 2 without polycaprolactone added, the water absorption, water retention and compressive strength of the prepared rockery are not as good as those of Examples 1 and 3. -4 made rockery.

Comparative example 3

Taking Example 2 as a comparison, a comparative example 3 without structural densification treatment was set. The material after pouring was naturally solidified and molded at a normal temperature of 25° C. The other processing operations were basically the same as those of Example 2.

Comparative Example 4

Take Example 2 as a control, and set up Comparative Example 4 without adding polycaprolactone, and the rest of the processing operations are basically the same as Example 2.

Examples 2-4 and Comparative Example 3-4 were used to process the terrain, and the water absorption, water retention, and compressive strength of the terrain were measured. The test results are shown in Table 2.

1. Water absorption test method: select the terrain prepared in Example 2-4 and Comparative Example 3-4 as the test piece respectively, weigh the test piece weight W ₀ , then immerse the test piece in clean water, take it out after 1 hour, and weigh the water absorption After the weight of the test piece W ₁ , and calculate the water absorption rate, the water absorption rate Q ₁ =(W ₁ -W ₀ )/W ₀ ×100%.

2. Water retention rate test method: select the terrain prepared in Example 2-4 and Comparative Example 3-4 as the test piece respectively, weigh the weight W ₀ of the test piece, then immerse the test piece in clean water, take it out after 12 hours, and weigh the water absorption After the weight of the test piece W ₂ , centrifuge at 1200r/min for 5 minutes, weigh the weight of the test piece W ₃ after centrifugation, calculate the water absorption rate Q ₂ before centrifugation and the water absorption rate Q ₃ after centrifugation, and then calculate the water retention rate , Water retention rate=(Q ₃ /Q ₂ )×100%.

Q ₂ =(W ₂ -W ₀ )/W ₀ ×100%; Q ₃ =(W ₃ -W ₀ )/W ₀ ×100%.

3. Compressive strength test method: select the terrain prepared in Example 2-4 and Comparative Example 3-4 as the test piece, the test piece is 30cm long, 25cm wide and 20cm high, and then immersed in clean water. The dry surface is put on the HCT series A-type press for strength test, and the applied load rate is kept at 0.25MPa/s.

Table 2

Test items	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Comparative example 3	Comparative Example 4
Water absorption rate/%	138	158	173	125	132
Water retention rate/%	35.7	37.2	42.6	23.3	32.8
Compressive strength/MPa	3.25	3.65	3.65	2.65	2.85

As can be seen from Table 2, in Example 4, compared with Example 2, the water absorption rate of the rockery was increased from 138% to 173%, and the water retention rate was increased from 35.7% to 42.6% through the surface modification treatment of nano-calcium carbonate; Compared with Comparative Example 3, the compressive strength of the rockery produced in Example 2 was increased from 2.65 MPa to 3.25 MPa through structural densification treatment. Compared with Comparative Example 4, the compressive strength of the rockery produced in Example 2 was increased by the addition of polycaprolactone. The compressive strength is increased from 2.85MPa to 3.25MPa. As shown in Table 2, in Comparative Example 3 without structural densification treatment, and Comparative Example 4 without adding polycaprolactone, the water absorption, water retention and compressive strength of the prepared terrain are not as good as those in Examples 2-4 The terrain made.

It should be noted that the method for preparing garden rockery or terrain using solid waste from demolition sites provided by the embodiment of the present invention has certain advantages in use in places with less rainfall due to its strong water retention and pressure resistance performance. Features, which are conducive to the cultivation of green plants on rockeries or terrain. In places with a lot of rainfall, due to its strong water retention and pressure resistance performance characteristics, it can also retain water more effectively and has a higher compression resistance. strength.

The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and its advantages. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and improvements, these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A method for preparing rockery or terrain by recycling solid waste from buildings in demolished areas, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

   (1) Making mold: The mold includes an outer mold and an inner mold, and the mold is made according to the established rockery or terrain structure;

   (2) Construction solid waste crushing: The construction solid waste is roughly crushed and finely crushed into powder with a particle size of less than 2mm;

   (3) Mixing: Add the above-mentioned building solid waste powder, polycaprolactone, Portland cement, nano-absorbent filler, naphthalene-based water reducing agent, and aluminate coupling agent into the mixing machine in proportion, and add water Adjust the solid content of the obtained mixture to 60-70%, mix evenly, and obtain the rockery processing material;

   (4) Pouring: Introduce the above-mentioned materials into the mold, insert the vibrating rod into the mold to compact the material by vibration, and supplement the material until the material is compacted and flush with the mold opening;

   (5) Densification of the structure: Put the cast mold in the heat treatment chamber, first heat it to 130-140°C at a temperature rise rate of 5-10°C/min until the moisture in the material evaporates, then transfer to cold treatment In the room, cool to -5～5℃ at a cooling rate of 5～10℃/min, keep it for 0.5-2h, and then return to room temperature naturally;

   (6) Demoulding: Separate the outer mold and the inner mold to obtain crude rockery or terrain;

   (7) Modification: The rough surface of the rockery or terrain is modified to obtain the finished product of the rockery or terrain.
2. The method for preparing garden rockery or terrain by recycling construction solid waste from a demolition site according to claim 1, wherein the solid construction waste is selected from one of waste concrete construction waste and waste brick-concrete construction waste at the demolition site.
3. The method for preparing garden rockery or terrain by using solid waste from demolition sites to regenerate according to claim 1, wherein the nano water-absorbing filler is selected from one of nano calcium carbonate and nano talc.
4. The method for preparing garden rockery or terrain using solid waste from demolition sites according to claim 3, characterized in that: surface modification of the nano-calcium carbonate, the modification method is: first Add acid and water to make a solution, then heat it to 60～70℃, keep it warm and stir, and slowly add nano calcium carbonate under stirring. After all the nano calcium carbonate is added, continue to keep the temperature at 60～70℃ for 15-30min and stop heating. After the obtained solution is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is sent to a freeze dryer, and the dried solid is crushed and ground into a nano powder.
5. The method for preparing garden rockery or terrain using solid waste from demolition sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solid waste powder, polycaprolactone, Portland cement, nano absorbent filler, naphthalene-based The mass ratio of water reducing agent and aluminate coupling agent is 100-150:10-30:25-50:10-20:1-10:1-10.