WO2020237949A1 - 一种固体废物处理粉碎设备 - Google Patents

一种固体废物处理粉碎设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020237949A1
WO2020237949A1 PCT/CN2019/108485 CN2019108485W WO2020237949A1 WO 2020237949 A1 WO2020237949 A1 WO 2020237949A1 CN 2019108485 W CN2019108485 W CN 2019108485W WO 2020237949 A1 WO2020237949 A1 WO 2020237949A1
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Prior art keywords
crushing
crushing roller
solid waste
roller
drum
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PCT/CN2019/108485
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙伟
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淄博创立机电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020237949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020237949A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/10—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with a roller co-operating with a stationary member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/40—Detachers, e.g. scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a solid waste treatment and crushing equipment.
  • solid waste There are many types of solid waste: classified into mining waste, industrial waste, municipal waste, agricultural waste, and radioactive waste by source; classified into solid (granular waste, powdered waste, lump waste) and muddy waste by shape (Sludge); divided into organic waste and inorganic waste according to chemical nature; divided into hazardous waste and general waste according to the degree of harm.
  • large-scale crushing equipment is usually used to crush the waste.
  • the crushing of solid waste is the process of solid waste from large to small. External force is used to overcome the cohesive force between solid waste materials and break large solid waste into small pieces. the process of.
  • the existing solid waste crushing device usually has one or more rotating shafts driven by a motor in the crushing device, and multiple groups of crushing tools with different structures and different functions are set on the rotating shafts.
  • the Chinese patent (Announcement No.: CN 109453869 A) discloses a pulverizing device for the continuous treatment of fixed waste garbage, which is pulverized by a horizontal pulverizing cylinder to make the solid waste move horizontally for crushing, but such horizontal pulverization is prone to deformation and dislocation when used for a long time. , Reduce the useful life of the equipment.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid waste treatment and crushing equipment to solve the above-mentioned background art problems.
  • a solid waste processing and pulverizing equipment includes a casing, a pulverizing motor, a feed port, a collection tank and a base; the base is fixed at the bottom of the casing, the casing is supported by the base, and the top of the casing is provided with a feed inlet ,
  • the solid waste enters the shell from the feed port, the pulverizing motor is fixedly installed at the top center of the feed port, the output shaft of the feed port extends vertically downward into the shell, and the lower end of the output shaft of the shell is fixed Vertical drive shaft.
  • the lower end of the drive shaft is connected to a horizontal screen through a bearing to support the drive shaft so that the drive shaft can rotate safely and stably; a vertical crushing roller is fixed coaxially on the drive shaft.
  • the outer side is matched with a crushing drum;
  • the crushing roller includes a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller that are coaxially integrated.
  • the first crushing roller is an inverted truncated cone structure, the upper end is larger than the lower end, and the second crushing roller is a cylinder.
  • the structure has the same diameter as that of the lower end of the first crushing roller, so that the solid waste is crushed by contacting with the second crushing roller after the first crushing roller contacts;
  • the crushing cylinder includes a first crushing cylinder and a second crushing cylinder, The first crushing cylinder and the second crushing cylinder are respectively matched with the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller.
  • the side walls of the first crushing cylinder, the second crushing cylinder, the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are fixed with several A crushing tooth, through the rotation of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, the relative movement between the crushing teeth is used to crush the solid waste; the distance between the first crushing drum and the first crushing roller is from top to bottom Gradually reduce, make the upper end easy to enter the solid waste, move downward under the action of gravity, so that the broken particles are gradually reduced; a collection tank is provided under the screen to collect the fine solids that fall after the screen is screened waste.
  • a horizontal retaining ring is fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the second crushing cylinder, and a plurality of retaining screens are embedded and installed in the retaining ring, so that the crushed solids are smashed through the screening of the retaining screens so that they are not crushed.
  • the solid waste remains on the top, and a horizontal cutting blade is fixed on the side wall of the second crushing roller above the retaining ring, and the solid waste falling on the retaining ring is cut by the cutting blade in the horizontal direction to reduce again. Its size is small.
  • the stop screen is provided with a brush that contacts the stop screen, and the brush is fixedly installed on the second crushing roller through a support rod, and the brush is rotated to clean the stop screen, Avoid blocking the mesh.
  • the upper end has the same diameter as the transmission shaft, and the lower end has the same diameter as the upper end of the first crushing roller, so as to prevent solid waste from being crushed in the first The top of the roll remains.
  • the bottom of the second crushing drum is connected with a collection bucket with a funnel-like structure, the collection bucket guides the crushed solid waste to be collected and directed to the center, and a circular platform structure is coaxially fixed on the corresponding drive shaft at the lower end of the collection bucket.
  • the lower side of the control disk is fixed with a support spring, the lower end of the support spring is connected to the support block, and the support block is fixed on the transmission shaft, and rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft, and adjusts by collecting solid wastes of different weights on the control panel
  • the gap between the control plate and the lower end of the collection bucket is convenient to control the falling amount of solid materials.
  • a plurality of material guide grooves are opened on the slope of the side wall of the control panel, and the material guide grooves extend from the upper end to the lower end of the control panel, which is convenient for the solid waste to fall on the control panel.
  • the casing is connected with a fan at the upper end, and air is blown into the inside through the fan, and an air outlet with a net cover is connected on the side wall of the collection tank to send the blown air away and blow it by the air Inside, in particular, the solids on the screen are easy to fall and improve efficiency.
  • the side wall of the collection tank is connected with the material taking port, which is convenient for material taking.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the two crushing rollers and the crushing cylinder matched with the two crushing rollers in the present invention gradually reduce the crushing gap of the raw materials from the top to the bottom, so that the raw materials are crushed from large to small.
  • the crushed chips on the retaining ring are cut in the horizontal direction by the cutting blade to further refine the particles;
  • the control panel controls the waste during the unloading process
  • the falling of the particles is controlled according to the amount of scraps on it, which is convenient for subsequent screening.
  • the set fan blows to the inside and blows the inside through the air, especially making the solids on the screen easy to fall and improving efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid waste treatment and crushing equipment.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a retaining ring in a solid waste treatment and crushing equipment.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control panel in a solid waste treatment and crushing equipment.
  • a solid waste treatment and crushing equipment includes a casing 1, a crushing motor 2, a feed port 3, a collection tank 12 and a base 25; the base 25 is fixed on the bottom of the casing 1.
  • the housing 1 is supported by the base 25, and the top of the housing 1 is provided with a feed port 3, so that the solid waste enters the housing 1 from the feed port 3, and the crushing motor 2 is fixedly installed at the top center of the feed port 3.
  • the output shaft of the feed port 3 extends vertically downward into the housing 1.
  • a vertical transmission shaft 10 is fixed at the lower end of the output shaft of the housing 1, and the lower end of the transmission shaft 10 is rotatably connected with a horizontal shaft through a bearing 22 On the screen 11, the transmission shaft 10 is supported so that the transmission shaft 10 can rotate safely and stably; a vertical crushing roller is fixed and coaxially mounted on the transmission shaft 10, and a crushing drum is arranged on the outside of the crushing roller; the crushing roller includes There are a first pulverizing roller 6 and a second pulverizing roller 7 which are arranged coaxially and integrally.
  • the first pulverizing roller 6 has an inverted truncated cone structure with an upper end larger than the lower end.
  • the second pulverizing roller 7 has a cylindrical structure with a diameter similar to that of the The diameter of the lower end of the roller 6 is the same, so that the solid waste is crushed by contact with the second crushing roller 7 after the first crushing roller 6 contacts. In order to avoid the solid waste remaining on the top of the first crushing roller 6, it is placed on the top of the first crushing roller 6.
  • a guide plate 9 with a truncated cone structure is coaxially fixed on the upper end.
  • the upper end has the same diameter as the drive shaft 10, and the lower end has the same diameter as the upper end of the first crushing roller 6;
  • the crushing drum includes a first crushing drum 4 and a second crushing drum.
  • the crushing drum 5, the first crushing drum 4, and the second crushing drum 5 are matched with the first crushing roller 6 and the second crushing roller 7, respectively.
  • the first crushing drum 4, the second crushing drum 5, the first crushing roller 6, and the A number of crushing teeth 8 are fixed on the side walls of the two crushing rollers 7.
  • the first crushing roller 6 and the second crushing roller 7 rotate, and the relative movement between the crushing teeth 8 is used to realize the crushing of solid waste;
  • the distance between a crushing cylinder 4 and the first crushing roller 6 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that the upper end is convenient to enter the solid waste, and moves downward under the action of gravity, so that the broken particles are gradually reduced.
  • a horizontal retaining ring 17 is fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the second crushing cylinder 5, and a plurality of retaining mesh plates 18 are embedded and installed in the retaining ring 17, so that the pulverized solids are smashed through the retaining mesh plate 18 to screen.
  • the uncomminuted solid remains above, and a horizontal cutting blade 21 is fixed on the side wall of the second crushing roller 7 above the retaining ring 17, and the solid waste falling on the retaining ring 17 is horizontally oriented by the cutting blade 21.
  • the upper rotary cutting reduces its volume again; above the stop screen 18 is provided with a brush 20 that contacts the stop screen 18, and the brush 20 is fixedly installed on the second crushing roller 7 through the support rod 19 , By rotating the brush 20 to clean the stopper screen 18 to avoid blocking the mesh.
  • the bottom of the second crushing drum 5 is connected to a collection bucket 14 with a funnel-shaped structure.
  • the collection bucket 14 collects and guides the crushed solid waste to the center.
  • a truncated cone structure is coaxially fixed on the drive shaft 10 corresponding to the lower end of the collection bucket 14
  • a support spring 16 is fixed on the lower side of the control panel 15.
  • the lower end of the support spring 16 is connected to the support block 26, and the support block 26 is fixed on the transmission shaft 10 and rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 10;
  • a plurality of material guide grooves 24 are opened on the slope of the side wall of 15 and the material guide grooves 24 extend from the upper end to the lower end of the control panel 15 to facilitate the drop of solid wastes on the control panel 15 and collect solid wastes of different weights on the control panel 15.
  • a collection tank 12 is provided below the screen 11 to collect the fine solid wastes that fall after the screen 11 is screened.
  • the side wall of the collection tank 12 is connected with a material extraction port to facilitate material extraction.
  • the raw materials are loaded into the housing 1 from the feed port 3, and first enter the gap between the first crushing drum 4 and the first crushing roller 6, because the first crushing drum 4 and the first crushing roller The gap between the crushing rollers 6 gradually decreases.
  • the first crushing roller 6 rotates, the solid waste is crushed by the crushing teeth 8. After the crushed solid is smaller than the gap, it continues to move downwards until it reaches the minimum gap and enters the second crushing In the cylinder 5, it is crushed many times in the second crushing cylinder 5 and falls on the retaining ring 17 at the bottom of the second crushing cylinder 5.
  • the crushed material can fall through the retaining mesh plate 18 on it, and the ones that fail to fall pass
  • the cutting blade 21 cuts obliquely and smashes until it is smaller than the mesh of the stop screen 18 and falls; the scrap collected in the collecting hopper 14 falls on the bottom control plate 15 and is adjusted by the amount of scrap falling on the control plate 15
  • the height of the control plate 15 is changed to change the gap between the control plate 15 and the lower end of the collecting bucket 14 to control the amount of feeding.
  • the casing 1 is connected with a fan 23 at the upper end, and air is blown into the inside through the fan 23.
  • the side wall of the collecting tank 12 is connected with an air outlet 13 with a net cover, The blown air is sent away, and the inside is blown by the air, which in particular makes the solids on the screen 11 easy to fall and improves efficiency.

Abstract

一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，包括壳体（1）、粉碎电机（2）、进料口（3）、收集槽（12）和底座（25）；在传动轴（10）上同轴固定安装有竖直的粉碎辊，在粉碎辊的外侧配合设置有粉碎筒；粉碎辊包括有同轴一体设置的第一粉碎辊（6）和第二粉碎辊（7）；粉碎筒包括有第一粉碎筒（4）、第二粉碎筒（5），第一粉碎筒（4）、第二粉碎筒（5）分别与第一粉碎辊（6）、第二粉碎辊（7）对应配合；第一粉碎筒（4）与第一粉碎辊（6）之间的距离从上向下逐渐减小；筛网（11）的下方设置有收集槽（12）。通过设置的两个粉碎辊以及与其配合的粉碎筒，使原料从上向下粉碎间隙逐渐减小，使原料从大到小破碎，使固体废物下料较快，也能够避免增加电机负载，使粉碎安全稳定。

Description

一种固体废物处理粉碎设备 技术领域
本发明涉及环保领域，具体是一种固体废物处理粉碎设备。
背景技术
固体废物分类有多种：按来源分为矿业废物、工业废物、城市垃圾、农业废物和放射性废物等；按形状分为固体的(颗粒状废物、粉状废物、块状废物)和泥状的(污泥)；按化学性质分为有机废物和无机废物；按危害程度分为有害废物和一般废物。对固体废物的处理，通常使用大型破碎装置对废物进行破碎处理，固体废物的破碎是固体废物由大变小的过程，利用外力克服固体废物质点间的内聚力而使大块固体废物分裂成小块的过程。现有的固体废物破碎装置通常是在破碎装置内部设置一个或多个由电机带动转动的转轴，在转轴上设置多组结构不一、功能不同的破碎刀具，当向进料口导入固体废物时，固体废物由于自身的重力势能自由下落，与破碎刀具不断接触，破碎刀具在转轴带动下飞速旋转，利用碰撞、挤压、剪切、切削来实现对这些固体废物的破碎、粉碎处理，但是固体废物由于重力势能，只能完成一次自由下落，与破碎刀具只有短暂的接触时间，可能有些废物还没有与破碎刀具接触就已经落入破碎装置底部，破碎的效率也就降低了。
中国专利(公告号：CN 109453869 A)公开的一种固定废物垃圾持续处理用粉碎装置，通过水平的粉碎筒进行粉碎，使固体废物水平移动进行破碎，但是这样水平的粉碎长时间使用易变形错位，降低设备的实用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，包括壳体、粉碎电机、进料口、收集槽和底座；所述底座固定在壳体的底部，通过底座支撑壳体，在壳体的顶部开设有进料口，使固体废物从进料口进入到壳体内，粉碎电机固定安装在进料口的顶部中心，进料口的输出轴竖直向下伸入到壳体内，在壳体的输出轴下端固定有竖直的传动轴，传动轴的下端通过轴承转动连接有水平的筛网上，支撑传动轴，使传动轴安全稳定转动；在传动轴上同轴固定安装有竖直的粉碎辊，在粉碎辊的外侧配合设置有 粉碎筒；所述粉碎辊包括有同轴一体设置的第一粉碎辊和第二粉碎辊，第一粉碎辊为倒置的圆台结构，上端面积大于下端，第二粉碎辊为圆柱体结构，其直径与第一粉碎辊下端的直径相同，使固体废物在于第一粉碎辊接触后再与第二粉碎辊接触进行粉碎；所述粉碎筒包括有第一粉碎筒、第二粉碎筒，第一粉碎筒、第二粉碎筒分别与第一粉碎辊、第二粉碎辊对应配合，第一粉碎筒、第二粉碎筒、第一粉碎辊、第二粉碎辊的侧壁上均固定有若干个粉碎齿，通过第一粉碎辊、第二粉碎辊转动，利用粉碎齿之间的相对移动实现对固体废物的破碎；所述第一粉碎筒与第一粉碎辊之间的距离从上向下逐渐减小，使上端便于进入固体废物，在重力作用下向下移动，使破碎的颗粒逐渐减小；所述筛网的下方设置有收集槽，用于收集筛网筛选后落下的细小的固体废物。
进一步的：所述第二粉碎筒的下端内壁上固定有一圈水平的挡圈，挡圈内嵌入安装有多个挡料网板，使粉碎后的固体粉碎通过挡料网板筛选，使未粉碎的固体留在上方，在挡圈的上方对应的第二粉碎辊侧壁上固定有水平朝向的切割刀片，通过切割刀片对落在挡圈上的固体废物进行水平方向上的旋切，再次减小其体积。
进一步的：在所述挡料网板上方设置有与挡料网板接触的毛刷，毛刷通过支撑杆固定安装在第二粉碎辊上，通过旋转使毛刷对挡料网板上清扫，避免堵塞网孔。
进一步的：在第一粉碎辊的顶部上同轴固定有圆台结构的导料盘，上端与所述传动轴的直径相等，下端与第一粉碎辊的上端直径相等，避免固体废物在第一粉碎辊顶部残留。
进一步的：所述第二粉碎筒的底部上连接有漏斗状结构的收集斗，收集斗将粉碎的固体废物收集导向中心，在收集斗的下端对应的传动轴上同轴固定有圆台结构的控制盘，控制盘的下侧固定有支撑弹簧，支撑弹簧的下端连接在支撑块上，且支撑块固定在传动轴上，跟随传动轴同步转动，通过控制盘上收集不同重量的固体废物，来调节控制盘与收集斗下端之间的间隙，便于控制固体物料的下落量。
进一步的：所述控制盘的侧壁斜面上开设有多个导料槽，导料槽从控制盘的上端延伸到下端，便于控制盘上落下固体废物。
进一步的：所述壳体内连通有位于上端的风机，通过风机向内部鼓入空气，在收集槽的侧壁上连通有带网罩的出风口，将吹入的空气送走，通过空气吹动内部，尤其使筛网上的固体便于下落，提高效率。
进一步的：收集槽的侧壁上连通取料口，便于取料。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过设置的两个粉碎辊以及与其配合的粉碎筒，使原料从上向下粉碎间隙逐渐减小，使原料从大到小破碎，使固体废物下料较快，也能够避免增加电机负载，使粉碎安全稳定；粉碎后的在挡圈上被切割刀片水平方向上的切屑，进一步细化颗粒；在下料过程中通过控制盘控制废料颗粒的下落，根据其上的碎料多少进行控制，方便后续的筛选。设置的风机向内部吹风，通过空气吹动内部，尤其使筛网上的固体便于下落，提高效率。
附图说明
图1为一种固体废物处理粉碎设备的结构示意图。
图2为图1中A的放大结构示意图。
图3为一种固体废物处理粉碎设备中挡圈的结构示意图。
图4为一种固体废物处理粉碎设备中控制盘的结构示意图。
图中：1-壳体，2-粉碎电机，3-进料口，4-第一粉碎筒，5-第二粉碎筒，6-第一粉碎辊，7-第二粉碎辊，8-粉碎齿，9-导料盘，10-传动轴，11-筛网，12-收集槽，13-出风口，14-收集斗，15-控制盘，16-支撑弹簧，17-挡圈，18-挡料网板，19-支撑杆，20-毛刷，21-切割刀片，22-轴承，23-风机，24-导料槽，25-底座，26-支撑块。
具体实施方式
实施例1
请参阅图，本发明实施例中，一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，包括壳体1、粉碎电机2、进料口3、收集槽12和底座25；所述底座25固定在壳体1的底部，通过底座25支撑壳体1，在壳体1的顶部开设有进料口3，使固体废物从进料口3进入到壳体1内，粉碎电机2固定安装在进料口3的顶部中心，进料口3的输出轴竖直向下伸入到壳体1内，在壳体1的输出轴下端固定有竖直的传动轴10，传动轴10的下端通过轴承22转动连接有水平的筛网11上，支撑传动轴10，使 传动轴10安全稳定转动；在传动轴10上同轴固定安装有竖直的粉碎辊，在粉碎辊的外侧配合设置有粉碎筒；所述粉碎辊包括有同轴一体设置的第一粉碎辊6和第二粉碎辊7，第一粉碎辊6为倒置的圆台结构，上端面积大于下端，第二粉碎辊7为圆柱体结构，其直径与第一粉碎辊6下端的直径相同，使固体废物在于第一粉碎辊6接触后再与第二粉碎辊7接触进行粉碎，为了避免固体废物在第一粉碎辊6顶部残留，在第一粉碎辊6的顶部上同轴固定有圆台结构的导料盘9，上端与所述传动轴10的直径相等，下端与第一粉碎辊6的上端直径相等；所述粉碎筒包括有第一粉碎筒4、第二粉碎筒5，第一粉碎筒4、第二粉碎筒5分别与第一粉碎辊6、第二粉碎辊7对应配合，第一粉碎筒4、第二粉碎筒5、第一粉碎辊6、第二粉碎辊7的侧壁上均固定有若干个粉碎齿8，通过第一粉碎辊6、第二粉碎辊7转动，利用粉碎齿8之间的相对移动实现对固体废物的破碎；所述第一粉碎筒4与第一粉碎辊6之间的距离从上向下逐渐减小，使上端便于进入固体废物，在重力作用下向下移动，使破碎的颗粒逐渐减小。
所述第二粉碎筒5的下端内壁上固定有一圈水平的挡圈17，挡圈17内嵌入安装有多个挡料网板18，使粉碎后的固体粉碎通过挡料网板18筛选，使未粉碎的固体留在上方，在挡圈17的上方对应的第二粉碎辊7侧壁上固定有水平朝向的切割刀片21，通过切割刀片21对落在挡圈17上的固体废物进行水平方向上的旋切，再次减小其体积；在所述挡料网板18上方设置有与挡料网板18接触的毛刷20，毛刷20通过支撑杆19固定安装在第二粉碎辊7上，通过旋转使毛刷20对挡料网板18上清扫，避免堵塞网孔。
所述第二粉碎筒5的底部上连接有漏斗状结构的收集斗14，收集斗14将粉碎的固体废物收集导向中心，在收集斗14的下端对应的传动轴10上同轴固定有圆台结构的控制盘15，控制盘15的下侧固定有支撑弹簧16，支撑弹簧16的下端连接在支撑块26上，且支撑块26固定在传动轴10上，跟随传动轴10同步转动；在控制盘15的侧壁斜面上开设有多个导料槽24，导料槽24从控制盘15的上端延伸到下端，便于控制盘15上落下固体废物，通过控制盘15上收集不同重量的固体废物，来调节控制盘15与收集斗14下端之间的间隙，便于控制固体物料的下落量。
所述筛网11的下方设置有收集槽12，用于收集筛网11筛选后落下的细 小的固体废物，收集槽12的侧壁上连通取料口，便于取料。
在进行固体废物粉碎时，将原料从进料口3装入到壳体1内，首先进入到第一粉碎筒4与第一粉碎辊6之间的间隙，由于第一粉碎筒4与第一粉碎辊6之间的间隙逐渐减小，在第一粉碎辊6旋转，通过粉碎齿8使固体废物破碎，破碎后的固体小于间隙后继续向下移动，直至达到最小间隙后进入到第二粉碎筒5中，在第二粉碎筒5内被多次粉碎，落在第二粉碎筒5底部的挡圈17上，粉碎后的可以通过其上的挡料网板18落下，未能落下的通过切割刀片21切斜粉碎，直至小于挡料网板18的网孔而落下；在收集斗14内收集的碎料落在底部的控制盘15上，通过控制盘15上落下的碎料量来调节控制盘15的高度，改变控制盘15与收集斗14下端之间的间隙，控制下料量。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上，所述壳体1内连通有位于上端的风机23，通过风机23向内部鼓入空气，在收集槽12的侧壁上连通有带网罩的出风口13，将吹入的空气送走，通过空气吹动内部，尤其使筛网11上的固体便于下落，提高效率。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，包括壳体(1)、粉碎电机(2)、进料口(3)、收集槽(12)和底座(25)；所述底座(25)固定在壳体(1)的底部，通过底座(25)支撑壳体(1)，在壳体(1)的顶部开设有进料口(3)，粉碎电机(2)固定安装在进料口(3)的顶部中心，进料口(3)的输出轴竖直向下伸入到壳体(1)内，在壳体(1)的输出轴下端固定有竖直的传动轴(10)，传动轴(10)的下端通过轴承(22)转动连接有水平的筛网(11)上，其特征在于，在传动轴(10)上同轴固定安装有竖直的粉碎辊，在粉碎辊的外侧配合设置有粉碎筒；所述粉碎辊包括有同轴一体设置的第一粉碎辊(6)和第二粉碎辊(7)，第一粉碎辊(6)为倒置的圆台结构，上端面积大于下端，第二粉碎辊(7)为圆柱体结构，其直径与第一粉碎辊(6)下端的直径相同；所述粉碎筒包括有第一粉碎筒(4)、第二粉碎筒(5)，第一粉碎筒(4)、第二粉碎筒(5)分别与第一粉碎辊(6)、第二粉碎辊(7)对应配合，第一粉碎筒(4)、第二粉碎筒(5)、第一粉碎辊(6)、第二粉碎辊(7)的侧壁上均固定有若干个粉碎齿(8)；所述第一粉碎筒(4)与第一粉碎辊(6)之间的距离从上向下逐渐减小；所述筛网(11)的下方设置有收集槽(12)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，其特征在于：所述第二粉碎筒(5)的下端内壁上固定有一圈水平的挡圈(17)，挡圈(17)内嵌入安装有多个挡料网板(18)，在挡圈(17)的上方对应的第二粉碎辊(7)侧壁上固定有水平朝向的切割刀片(21)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，其特征 在于：在所述挡料网板(18)上方设置有与挡料网板(18)接触的毛刷(20)，毛刷(20)通过支撑杆(19)固定安装在第二粉碎辊(7)上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，其特征在于：在第一粉碎辊(6)的顶部上同轴固定有圆台结构的导料盘(9)，上端与所述传动轴(10)的直径相等，下端与第一粉碎辊(6)的上端直径相等。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，其特征在于：所述第二粉碎筒(5)的底部上连接有漏斗状结构的收集斗(14)，在收集斗(14)的下端对应的传动轴(10)上同轴固定有圆台结构的控制盘(15)，控制盘(15)的下侧固定有支撑弹簧(16)，支撑弹簧(16)的下端连接在支撑块(26)上，且支撑块(26)固定在传动轴(10)上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，其特征在于：所述控制盘(15)的侧壁斜面上开设有多个导料槽(24)，导料槽(24)从控制盘(15)的上端延伸到下端。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，其特征在于：所述壳体(1)内连通有位于上端的风机(23)，在收集槽(12)的侧壁上连通有带网罩的出风口(13)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种固体废物处理粉碎设备，其特征在于：收集槽(12)的侧壁上连通取料口。
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