WO2020233276A1 - 二次电池 - Google Patents

二次电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020233276A1
WO2020233276A1 PCT/CN2020/084343 CN2020084343W WO2020233276A1 WO 2020233276 A1 WO2020233276 A1 WO 2020233276A1 CN 2020084343 W CN2020084343 W CN 2020084343W WO 2020233276 A1 WO2020233276 A1 WO 2020233276A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
area
electrode lead
secondary battery
thickness
transition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/084343
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢绵钰
伍永彬
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP23174763.5A priority Critical patent/EP4231403A3/en
Priority to EP20809904.4A priority patent/EP3800690B1/en
Priority to PL20809904.4T priority patent/PL3800690T3/pl
Publication of WO2020233276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020233276A1/zh
Priority to US17/139,687 priority patent/US20210126324A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/433—Casing-in, i.e. enclosing an element between two sheets by an outlined seam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/129—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/178—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for pouch or flexible bag cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81425—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being stepped, e.g. comprising a shoulder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/02—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/08—Transition metals
    • B29K2705/12—Iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3468—Batteries, accumulators or fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a secondary battery.
  • packaging bags made of aluminum-plastic film or steel-plastic film can be used to replace the metal casing to reduce the weight of the battery and increase the energy density.
  • the electrode assembly of the secondary battery is contained in a packaging bag, and the edges of the packaging bag can be sealed and connected by heat and pressure to form a sealed part.
  • the secondary battery also includes electrode leads and insulating parts.
  • the electrode leads are connected to the electrode assembly and extend to the outside of the packaging bag.
  • the insulating parts surround the electrode leads and connect the electrode leads to the sealing part. Separate.
  • the area of the sealing part close to the edge of the insulating member has a height difference and forms a step. During hot pressing, the sealing part is likely to be wrinkled or damaged at the step, which affects the sealing performance of the packaging bag.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a secondary battery that can reduce the risk of puncturing the packaging bag, improve the sealing performance of the packaging bag, and improve the safety performance.
  • the present application provides a secondary battery, which includes an electrode assembly, a packaging bag, an electrode lead, and an insulating member.
  • the electrode assembly is contained in a packaging bag, the edge of the packaging bag has a sealing part, and the electrode lead is connected to the electrode assembly and passes through the sealing part.
  • the sealing portion includes a main body area, a first step area and a first transition area, the first step area is located on both sides of the electrode lead in the thickness direction, the main body area and the first transition area are located on the same side of the first step area in the width direction, and The first transition zone is connected between the first step zone and the main body zone.
  • the insulating member surrounds the outer side of the electrode lead and separates the sealing part from the electrode lead; the insulating member includes a first part, in the thickness direction, the first part is located between the electrode lead and the first step area and covers the electrode lead from both sides.
  • the sum of the thickness of the first step area, the first part and the electrode lead is H1, and the thickness of the main body area is H2, H1>H2.
  • the minimum distance between the electrode lead and the outer surface of the first transition zone is D1
  • the minimum distance between the electrode lead and the outer surface of the first step zone is D2, D1 ⁇ D2.
  • the first transition area connects the main body area and the first step area.
  • the first transition area has two outer surfaces arranged opposite to each other in the thickness direction, and the two outer surfaces are close to the main body area.
  • the direction of the first step area is inclined.
  • the included angle between the outer surface of the first transition zone and the outer surface of the first step zone is 100° ⁇ 170°.
  • the electrode lead includes a base portion and an edge portion, and the edge portion is connected to the base portion and is located on the side of the base portion close to the first transition area in the width direction. Along the direction away from the base portion, the thickness of the edge portion gradually decreases.
  • the edge portion has a first surface facing the first step area
  • the base portion has a second surface facing the first step area.
  • the first surface is connected to the second surface, and the angle between the two is greater than or equal to 120°.
  • the minimum thickness of the edge portion is greater than 100 ⁇ m.
  • the ratio of the size of the edge portion to the size of the base portion is 0.1-0.4.
  • the first step area extends beyond the electrode lead.
  • the insulating member further includes a second part connected to the first part, and a part of the first step area beyond the electrode lead covers the second part from both sides.
  • the sealing portion includes a second step area, and the second step area connects the main body area and the first transition area.
  • the insulating member further includes a third part and a fourth part.
  • the third part extends from an end of the second part away from the electrode lead, and the fourth part extends from an end of the third part away from the second part.
  • the first transition zone covers the third part from both sides, and the second step zone covers the fourth part from both sides.
  • the sum of the thickness of the second step area and the fourth part is H4, and H2 ⁇ H4 ⁇ H1.
  • the minimum thickness of the edge portion is H5, H5 ⁇ H4.
  • the thickness of the third part is gradually reduced along the direction where the second part points to the fourth part.
  • the value of D2 is greater than 150 ⁇ m.
  • the packaging bag includes two packaging films, the electrode assembly is located between the two packaging films, and the two packaging films are connected at the edges to form a sealed part.
  • Each packaging film includes a protective layer, a metal layer and a connecting layer.
  • the connecting layer is arranged on the surface of the metal layer facing the electrode assembly, and the protective layer is arranged on the surface of the metal layer away from the electrode assembly.
  • the connecting layers of the two packaging films are welded together; in the first step area, the connecting layers of each packaging film are welded to the first part.
  • the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: due to the height difference between the main body area and the first step area, the first transition area is stretched during the hot pressing process, resulting in a decrease in its strength. Therefore, in the present application, D1 ⁇ D2 is preferred, thereby reducing the risk of the first transition zone being punctured by the end of the electrode lead, improving the sealing performance of the packaging bag, and improving the safety performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a secondary battery provided by the first embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the secondary battery provided by the first embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the block part of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is another cross-sectional view of the secondary battery of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the block part of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a packaging film of a packaging bag for a secondary battery provided by the first embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the packaging film of Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the secondary battery provided by the first embodiment of the application before being formed
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged view of the block part of Figure 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the secondary battery provided by the first embodiment of the application during the molding process
  • FIG 11 is another schematic diagram of the secondary battery provided by the first embodiment of the application during the molding process
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the electrode lead of the secondary battery provided by the first embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a secondary battery provided by the second embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the secondary battery provided by the third embodiment of the application.
  • the secondary battery provided by the present application includes an electrode assembly 1, a packaging bag 2, an electrode lead 3, and an insulating member 4.
  • the electrode assembly 1 is the core component of the secondary battery to realize the charge and discharge function.
  • the electrode assembly 1 includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator, and the separator separates the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum foil, and the positive electrode active material layer includes a ternary material, lithium manganate or lithium iron phosphate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be copper foil, and the negative electrode active material layer includes graphite or silicon.
  • the electrode assembly 1 may have a wound structure. Specifically, both the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are one, and the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece have a strip structure. The positive pole piece, the separator, and the negative pole piece are sequentially stacked and wound two or more turns to form the electrode assembly 1.
  • the electrode assembly 1 can be wound into a hollow cylindrical structure first, and then flattened into a flat shape after the winding.
  • the electrode assembly 1 may also have a laminated structure. Specifically, there are multiple positive pole pieces, and multiple negative pole pieces. The multiple positive pole pieces and negative pole pieces are alternately stacked along the thickness direction Z, and the positive pole pieces and the negative pole pieces are separated by a separator.
  • the packaging bag 2 includes two layers of packaging films 22 that are arranged up and down along the thickness direction Z. 6, at least one layer of packaging film 22 is punched to form a cavity, and the electrode assembly 1 is located between the two layers of packaging film 22 and is accommodated in the cavity.
  • each packaging film 22 includes a protective layer 221, a metal layer 222 and a connecting layer 223, and the protective layer 221 and the connecting layer 223 are respectively disposed on both sides of the metal layer 222.
  • the protective layer 221 can be fixed to the surface of the metal layer 222 away from the electrode assembly 1 by an adhesive
  • the connecting layer 223 can be fixed to the surface of the metal layer 222 close to the electrode assembly 1 by an adhesive.
  • the thickness of the packaging film 22 may be 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
  • the material of the protective layer 221 may be nylon or polyethylene terephthalate, the material of the metal layer 222 may be aluminum foil or steel foil, and the material of the connecting layer 223 may be polypropylene.
  • the two layers of packaging film 22 are connected at the edges and form a sealing portion 21. Specifically, by hot pressing, the connecting layers 223 of the two packaging films 22 are directly or indirectly connected together, thereby forming a sealed packaging bag 2.
  • the electrode lead 3 is connected to the electrode assembly 1 and passes through the sealing portion 21 and extends to the outside of the packaging bag 2. Specifically, there may be two electrode leads 3, one electrode lead 3 is connected to the positive current collector of the positive pole piece, and the other electrode lead 3 is connected to the negative current collector of the negative pole piece. The two electrode leads 3 connect the electrode assembly 1 with other components outside the packaging bag 2 to realize the charge and discharge of the electrode assembly 1.
  • the material of the electrode lead 3 can be aluminum, nickel or copper with nickel plating.
  • the two electrode leads 3 can respectively extend from the two ends of the packaging bag 2 along the length direction X, or can extend from the same end of the packaging bag 2 along the length direction X.
  • the two insulators 4 separate the two electrode leads 3 from the sealing portion 21, respectively.
  • Each insulating member 4 surrounds the outer side of a corresponding electrode lead 3. A part of the insulating member 4 is clamped between the two packaging films 22 to separate the electrode lead 3 from the packaging film 22 and reduce the risk of the electrode lead 3 contacting the metal layer 222.
  • the material of the insulating member 4 may be polypropylene.
  • the sealing portion 21 includes a main body area 211, a first step area 212 and a first transition area 214.
  • the first step region 212 is located on both sides of the electrode lead 3 in the thickness direction Z
  • the body region 211 and the first transition region 214 are located on the same side of the first step region 212 in the width direction Y
  • the first transition region 214 is connected to the first Between the step area 212 and the main body area 211.
  • the insulating member 4 includes a first portion 41, and in the thickness direction Z, the first portion 41 is located between the electrode lead 3 and the first step area 212 and covers the electrode lead 3 from both sides.
  • the first step area 212 is divided into two upper and lower layers, and the first portion 41 is located between the two first step areas 212.
  • the connecting layer 223 of each packaging film 22 is welded to the first portion 41.
  • H1 is generally a fixed value. Of course, due to the hot pressing process, H1 may fluctuate within a certain range, such as plus or minus 0.01 mm.
  • the connecting layers 223 of the two packaging films 22 are directly welded into one body.
  • the thickness of the body region 211 is H2.
  • H2 is generally a fixed value.
  • the thickness H2 of the body region 211 may fluctuate within a certain range, for example, plus or minus 0.01 mm.
  • the value of H2 can be 0.2mm-0.4mm.
  • the two layers of packaging film 22 are directly welded together; and in the first step area 212, the two layers of packaging film 22 and the first part 41 of the insulating member 4 are welded together. Therefore, the value of H2 will be smaller than the value of H1, and there will be a height difference between the body region 211 and the first step region 212.
  • the first transition region 214 connected between the main body region 211 and the first step region 212 can play a transitional role.
  • the packaging device 5 includes a first packaging surface 51 and a second packaging surface 52, and the second packaging surface 52 is recessed relative to the first packaging surface 51.
  • the first packaging surface 51 acts on the main body area 211 and the second packaging surface 52 acts on the first step area 212.
  • the first part 41 and the connecting layer 223 located in the first step area 212 are heated to melt and produce a viscous colloid 6, part of the colloid 6 flows to the first under the action of pressure In the gap of the transition area 214, the glue 6 fills the gap and bonds the connecting layer 223 located in the first transition area 214 together, thereby achieving sealing.
  • the end of the electrode lead 3 is prone to stress concentration, and at the same time, the first part 41 is crushed thin; if the first part 41 is too thin, the stress at the end of the electrode lead 3 is easy to puncture
  • the first part 41 even the sealing part 21, causes the electrolyte to corrode the metal layer 222 in the sealing part 21, thereby reducing the sealing performance of the packaging bag 2.
  • the electrode lead 3 is in contact with the metal layer 222 of the sealing portion 21, it is easy to cause a short circuit risk.
  • the minimum distance between the electrode lead 3 and the outer surface of the first step region 212 is D2.
  • the electrode lead 3 is generally a thin sheet parallel to the length direction X, so in a plane perpendicular to the length direction X, the distance between the electrode lead 3 and the outer surface of the first step region 212 is the smallest.
  • D2 is generally the minimum distance between the electrode lead 3 and the outer surface of the first step area 212 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the smaller the value of D2 the easier it is for the first step region 212 to be pierced by the electrode lead 3; and the value of D2 can be changed by controlling the compression rate of the first portion 41 during hot pressing. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the value of D2 can meet a certain range, for example, greater than 150 um, according to requirements, so as to prevent the electrode lead 3 from piercing the first step area 212.
  • the minimum distance between the electrode lead 3 and the outer surface of the first transition region 214 is D1.
  • the electrode lead 3 is generally a sheet parallel to the length direction X, so in a plane perpendicular to the length direction X, the distance between the electrode lead 3 and the outer surface of the first transition region 214 is the smallest. Since the first transition region 214 is located on one side of the first step region 212 in the width direction Y, the distance between the end of the electrode lead 3 in the width direction Y and the outer surface of the first transition region 214 is the smallest. Similarly, the smaller the value of D1 is, the easier it is for the first transition region 214 to be pierced by the electrode lead 3.
  • the first transition region 214 will be inclined toward the body region 211 and the electrode lead 3; at the same time, the first transition region Region 214 is stretched. After the first transition zone 214 is stretched, its thickness and strength become smaller. If the value of D1 is less than the value of D2, the first transition zone 214 is easily pierced by the end of the electrode lead 3, thereby reducing the sealing of the packaging bag 2. Performance, causing short circuit risk. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, D1 ⁇ D2 is preferred to reduce the risk of puncturing the packaging bag 2 and improve safety performance.
  • the first transition area 214 connects the main body area 211 and the first step area 212.
  • the first transition area 214 has two outer surfaces arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction Z, and the two outer surfaces face the first step area 212 relative to the main body area 211.
  • the direction is inclined.
  • the outer surface of the first transition area 214 connects the outer surface of the main body area 211 and the outer surface of the first step area 212.
  • the outer surface of the first transition area 214 may extend from the end of the outer surface of the first step area 212 and is inclined relative to the outer surface of the first step area 212 toward the outer surface of the body area 211.
  • the distance between the two outer surfaces of the first transition zone 214 is L.
  • the value of L gradually increases.
  • the included angle ⁇ between the outer surface of the first transition area 214 and the outer surface of the first step area 212 is 100° ⁇ 170°.
  • the value of ⁇ is not greater than 170°.
  • the electrode lead 3 includes a base portion 31 and an edge portion 32.
  • the edge portion 32 is connected to the base portion 31 and is located on the side of the base portion 31 near the first transition region 214 along the width direction Y. Compared with the base portion 31, the edge portion 32 is closer to the first transition area 214; further, the distance between the end of the edge portion 32 far away from the base portion 31 and the first transition area 214 is the smallest.
  • the value of D1 is determined by the distance between the edge portion 32 and the first transition area 214 in the width direction Y and the distance between the edge portion 32 and the first transition area 214 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the embodiment of the present application reduces the thickness of the edge portion 32.
  • the thickness of the edge portion 32 is gradually reduced in the direction away from the base portion 31.
  • the edge portion 32 has a first surface facing the first step area 212, and the first surface is connected to the first portion 41. Since the thickness of the edge portion 32 gradually decreases, the first surface is inclined with respect to the reference plane perpendicular to the thickness direction Z. There are two first surfaces and face each other along the thickness direction Z.
  • the base portion 31 has a second surface facing the first step area 212, and the second surface is connected to the first portion 41.
  • the second surface is a plane substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction Z. There are two second surfaces and face each other in the thickness direction Z.
  • the first surface and the second surface are connected, and the angle ⁇ between the two is greater than or equal to 120°.
  • An edge is formed at the junction of the first surface and the second surface, and stress concentration is likely to occur at the edge. If the value of ⁇ is too small, the edges are sharper, and the risk of puncturing the first portion 41 and the first step area 212 during hot pressing is higher. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of puncturing the first portion 41 and the first step area 212, ⁇ is preferably greater than 120°.
  • the area of the cross section of the electrode lead 3 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X determines the overcurrent capability of the electrode lead 3. If the thickness of the edge portion 32 is too small, the overcurrent capacity of the electrode lead 3 will be insufficient; at the same time, if the thickness of the edge portion 32 is too small, the strength of the electrode lead 3 will be too small and it is easy to deform. Therefore, in order to ensure the flow area and strength of the electrode lead 3, the minimum thickness H5 of the edge portion 32 is greater than 100 ⁇ m.
  • the ratio of the size of the edge portion 32 to the size of the base portion 31 is 0.1-0.4.
  • the thickness of the edge portion 32 is small, and the flow capacity and strength are both smaller than that of the base portion 31. If the ratio is greater than 0.4, the edge portion 32 has a larger size, which will result in insufficient flow area of the electrode lead 3 and insufficient strength. Weak.
  • the thickness of the base portion 31 and the minimum thickness H5 of the edge portion 32 are determined, the smaller the size of the edge portion 32 in the width direction Y, the larger the value of ⁇ . Therefore, if the ratio is less than 0.1, the value of ⁇ will be too large, and the risk of puncturing the first portion 41 and the first step area 212 is higher. Therefore, preferably, the ratio of the size of the edge portion 32 to the size of the base portion 31 in the width direction Y is 0.1-0.4.
  • the size of the first step region 212 is larger than the size of the electrode lead 3.
  • the first step region 212 extends beyond the electrode lead 3 in the width direction Y.
  • the end of the first step region 212 close to the body region 211 in the width direction Y extends beyond the electrode lead 3, and the end of the first step region 212 away from the body region 211 in the width direction Y also extends beyond the electrode lead 3.
  • the distance between the first transition area 214 and the edge portion 32 in the width direction Y can be increased, thereby increasing the value of D1 and reducing safety. risk.
  • the insulating member 4 further includes a second part 42 connected to the first part 41, and the part of the first step area 212 that exceeds the electrode lead 3 covers the second part 42 from both sides.
  • the first part 41 is divided into upper and lower layers by the electrode lead 3, and the second part 42 connects the two layers of the first part 41 together.
  • the sum of the thickness of the second portion 42 and the first step region 212 is H3.
  • the values of H3 and H1 are roughly the same, but the electrode lead 3 is made of metal and is not easily compressed, so the value of H3 after hot pressing may be slightly smaller than the value of H1.
  • the sealing portion 21 includes a second step area 213 that connects the main body area 211 and the first transition area 214.
  • the second step area 213 is located between the body area 211 and the first transition area 214.
  • the insulating member 4 further includes a third part 43 and a fourth part 44, the third part 43 extends from an end of the second part 42 away from the electrode lead 3, and the fourth part 44 is from an end of the third part 43 away from the second part 42 extend.
  • the first transition area 214 covers the third portion 43 from both sides
  • the second step area 213 covers the fourth portion 44 from both sides.
  • the connecting layer 223 of the two layers of packaging film 22 is welded to the third portion 43; in the second step area 213, the connecting layer 223 of the two layers of packaging film 22 is welded to the fourth portion 44.
  • H4 The sum of the thickness of the second step area 213 and the fourth portion 44 is H4, and H2 ⁇ H4 ⁇ H1.
  • H4 is generally a fixed value. Of course, due to the hot pressing process, H4 may fluctuate within a certain range, such as plus or minus 0.01mm. The value of H4 can be 0.3mm-0.9mm.
  • the first part 41 and the electrode lead 3 are arranged between the packaging films 22 on both sides, so H2 and H1 have a larger difference.
  • the first transition zone 214 is stretched to a large extent, which causes damage to the metal layer 222 in the first transition zone 214, which affects the sealing performance.
  • the embodiment of the present application preferably provides a second step zone 213.
  • the second step area 213 can play a transitional role, reducing the height difference between the second step area 213 and the body area 211 and the height difference between the second step area 213 and the first step area 212, thereby reducing the first transition area 214
  • the degree of stretching reduces stress concentration and improves sealing performance.
  • the value of ⁇ can be increased by increasing the value of H4, thereby increasing the value of D1; similarly, the value of D1 can also be increased by decreasing the value of H5.
  • both the value of H4 and the value of H5 have a direct effect on the value of D1.
  • the third portion 43 needs to Has an inclined surface. In other words, along the direction in which the second portion 42 points to the fourth portion 44, the thickness of the third portion 43 gradually decreases.
  • the minimum thickness of the third part 43 is equal to the thickness of the fourth part 44, and the maximum thickness of the third part 43 is equal to the thickness of the second part 42.
  • the packaging device 5 further includes a third packaging surface 53.
  • the third packaging surface 53 is located between the first packaging surface 51 and the second packaging surface 52; relative to the first packaging surface 51, the degree of depression of the third packaging surface 53 is smaller than the degree of depression of the second packaging surface 52.
  • the sealing portion 21 further includes a second transition area 215 connected between the main body area 211 and the second step area 213.
  • a second transition area 215 connected between the main body area 211 and the second step area 213.
  • the second transition area 215 cannot be attached to the fourth portion 44.
  • the second transition zone 215 a gap is left between the two packaging films 22.
  • the second transition area 215 is inclined and will not be subjected to the pressure of the third packaging surface 53. Therefore, in the second transition zone 215, the connecting layers 223 of the two packaging films 22 cannot be directly welded together.
  • the fourth part 44 and the connecting layer 223 located in the second step area 213 are heated to melt and produce a viscous colloid 6, part of the colloid 6 flows to the second transition zone under the action of pressure In the gap of 215, the glue 6 fills the gap and bonds the connecting layer 223 located in the second transition area 215 together, thereby achieving sealing.
  • the second step area 213 may be omitted.
  • the value of D1 can be increased by increasing the size of the first step area 212 in the width direction Y and providing the second portion 42. Increasing the value of D1 can reduce the risk of puncturing the packaging bag 2 and improve the safety performance.
  • the size of the electrode lead 3 in the width direction Y may be equal to or greater than the size of the first step region 212.
  • the second part 42 is omitted.
  • the value of D1 is increased by reducing the thickness of the edge portion 32, thereby reducing the risk of the packaging bag 2 being punctured and improving the safety performance.
  • the edge portion 32 of the third embodiment needs to have a smaller thickness.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种二次电池，其包括电极组件、包装袋、电极引线和绝缘件，电极组件收容于包装袋内，包装袋边缘具有密封部，电极引线连接于电极组件并穿过密封部；密封部包括主体区、第一台阶区和第一过渡区，第一台阶区位于电极引线沿厚度方向的两侧，主体区和第一过渡区位于第一台阶区沿宽度方向的同一侧，第一过渡区连接于第一台阶区和主体区之间；绝缘件环将密封部与电极引线隔开；绝缘件包括第一部分，第一部分位于电极引线与第一台阶区之间；第一台阶区、第一部分和电极引线的厚度之和为H1，主体区的厚度为H2，H1>H2。电极引线与第一过渡区的外表面的最小距离为D1，电极引线与第一台阶区的外表面的最小距离为D2，D1≥D2。

Description

二次电池
本申请要求于2019年05月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910413559.X、申请名称为“二次电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，尤其涉及一种二次电池。
背景技术
随着便携式电子设备的快速发展，对电池能量密度的要求也越来越高。在二次电池中，可采用由铝塑膜或钢塑膜制成的包装袋来代替金属壳体，以降低电池的重量，提高能量密度。
二次电池的电极组件收容在包装袋内，而包装袋的边缘可通过热压密封连接，并形成密封部。当然，为了实现电极组件的充放电，二次电池还包括电极引线和绝缘件，电极引线连接于电极组件并延伸到包装袋的外部，绝缘件环绕在电极引线的外侧并将电极引线与密封部隔开。然而，密封部靠近绝缘件边缘的区域存在高度差并形成台阶，在热压时，密封部容易在台阶处产生褶皱或破损，影响包装袋的密封性能。
发明内容
鉴于背景技术中存在的问题，本申请的目的在于提供一种二次电池，其能降低包装袋被刺破的风险，改善包装袋的密封性能，提高安全性能。
为了实现上述目的，本申请提供了一种二次电池，其包括电极组件、包装袋、电极引线和绝缘件。电极组件收容于包装袋内，包装袋的边缘具有密封部，电极引线连接于电极组件并穿过密封部。密封部包括主体区、第一台阶区和第一过渡区，第一台阶区位于电极引线沿厚度方向的两侧，主体区和第一过渡区位于第一台阶区沿宽度方向的同一侧，且第一过渡区连接于第一台阶区和主体区之间。绝缘件环绕在电极引线的外侧，并将密 封部与电极引线隔开；绝缘件包括第一部分，在厚度方向上，第一部分位于电极引线与第一台阶区之间并且从两侧覆盖电极引线。第一台阶区、第一部分和电极引线的厚度之和为H1，主体区的厚度为H2，H1>H2。电极引线与第一过渡区的外表面的最小距离为D1，电极引线与第一台阶区的外表面的最小距离为D2，D1≥D2。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，第一过渡区连接主体区和第一台阶区，第一过渡区具有沿厚度方向相对设置的两个外表面，且两个外表面相对于主体区朝靠近第一台阶区的方向倾斜。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，第一过渡区的外表面与第一台阶区的外表面的夹角为100°～170°。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，电极引线包括基体部和边缘部，边缘部连接于基体部且位于基体部沿宽度方向靠近第一过渡区的一侧。沿远离基体部的方向，边缘部的厚度逐渐减小。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，边缘部具有面向第一台阶区的第一表面，基体部具有面向第一台阶区的第二表面。第一表面与第二表面相连，且两者的夹角大于等于120°。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，边缘部的最小厚度大于100μm。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，沿宽度方向，边缘部的尺寸与基体部的尺寸之比为0.1-0.4。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，沿宽度方向，第一台阶区超出电极引线。绝缘件还包括第二部分，第二部分与第一部分相连，第一台阶区超出电极引线的部分从两侧覆盖第二部分。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，密封部包括第二台阶区，第二台阶区连接主体区和第一过渡区。绝缘件还包括第三部分和第四部分，第三部分从第二部分的远离电极引线的一端延伸，第四部分从第三部分的远离第二部分的一端延伸。在厚度方向上，第一过渡区从两侧覆盖第三部分，第二台阶区从两侧覆盖第四部分。第二台阶区和第四部分的厚度之和为H4，且H2<H4<H1。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，边缘部的最小厚度为H5，H5<H4。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，沿第二部分指向第四部分的方向，第三部分的厚度逐渐减小。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，D2的值大于150μm。
作为本申请二次电池的一种改进，包装袋包括两层包装膜，电极组件位于两层包装膜之间，两层包装膜在边缘连接并形成密封部。各包装膜包括保护层、金属层和连接层，连接层设置于金属层的朝向电极组件的表面，保护层设置于金属层的远离电极组件的表面。在主体区，两层包装膜的连接层熔接为一体；在第一台阶区，各包装膜的连接层熔接于第一部分。
本申请的有益效果如下：由于主体区与第一台阶区之间存在高度差，所以在热压的过程中，第一过渡区被拉伸，导致其强度变小。因此，本申请优选D1≥D2，从而降低了第一过渡区被电极引线的端部刺破的风险，改善了包装袋的密封性能，提高了安全性能。
附图说明
图1为本申请第一实施例提供的二次电池的示意图；
图2为本申请第一实施例提供的二次电池的一剖视图；
图3为图2的方框部分的放大图；
图4为图1的二次电池的另一剖视图；
图5为图4的方框部分的放大图；
图6为本申请第一实施例提供的二次电池的包装袋的包装膜的示意图；
图7为图6的包装膜的断面图；
图8为本申请第一实施例提供的二次电池在成型前的示意图；
图9为图8的方框部分的放大图；
图10为本申请第一实施例提供的二次电池在成型过程中的一示意图；
图11为本申请第一实施例提供的二次电池在成型过程中的另一示意图；
图12为本申请第一实施例提供的二次电池的电极引线的示意图；
图13为本申请第二实施例提供的二次电池的示意图；
图14为本申请第三实施例提供的二次电池的示意图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1电极组件
2包装袋
21密封部
211主体区
212第一台阶区
213第二台阶区
214第一过渡区
215第二过渡区
22包装膜
221保护层
222金属层
223连接层
3电极引线
31基体部
32边缘部
4绝缘件
41第一部分
42第二部分
43第三部分
44第四部分
5封装设备
51第一封装面
52第二封装面
53第三封装面
6胶体
X长度方向
Y宽度方向
Z厚度方向
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图 及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；术语“多个”是指两个以上(包括两个)；除非另有规定或说明，术语“连接”应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接，或信号连接；“连接”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本说明书的描述中，需要理解的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。下面通过具体的实施例并结合附图对本申请做进一步的详细描述。
参照图1和图2，在第一实施例中，本申请提供的二次电池包括电极组件1、包装袋2、电极引线3和绝缘件4。
电极组件1是二次电池实现充放电功能的核心构件。电极组件1包括正极极片、负极极片和隔膜，隔膜将正极极片和负极极片隔开。正极极片包括正极集流体和涂覆于正极集流体表面的正极活性物质层，正极集流体可为铝箔，正极活性物质层包括三元材料、锰酸锂或磷酸铁锂。负极极片包括负极集流体和涂覆于负极集流体表面的负极活性物质层，负极集流体可为铜箔，负极活性物质层包括石墨或硅。
电极组件1可为卷绕式结构。具体地，正极极片和负极极片均为一个，且正极极片和负极极片为带状结构。将正极极片、隔膜和负极极片依次层叠并卷绕两圈以上以形成电极组件1。在制备电极组件1时，电极组件1可先卷绕成中空的柱形结构，卷绕后再压平为扁平状。
可替代地，电极组件1也可为叠片式结构。具体地，正极极片设置为多个，负极极片设置为多个，所述多个正极极片和负极极片沿厚度方向Z交替层叠，隔膜将正极极片和负极极片隔开。
包装袋2包括两层包装膜22，所述两层包装膜22沿厚度方向Z上下设置。参照图6，至少一层包装膜22通过冲压形成凹腔，而电极组件1位于两层包装膜22之间且收容于凹腔内。
参照图7，各包装膜22包括保护层221、金属层222和连接层223，保护层221和连接层223分别设置于金属层222的两侧。具体地，保护层221可通过粘接剂固定于金属层222的远离电极组件1的表面，连接层223可通过粘接剂固定于金属层222的靠近电极组件1的表面。包装膜22的厚度可为0.1mm-0.3mm。
保护层221的材质可为尼龙或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，金属层222的材质可为铝箔或钢箔，连接层223的材质可为聚丙烯。
两层包装膜22在边缘连接并形成密封部21。具体地，通过热压，两层包装膜22的连接层223直接或间接地连接在一起，从而形成密封的包装袋2。
电极引线3连接于电极组件1、穿过密封部21并延伸到包装袋2外部。具体地，电极引线3可为两个，一个电极引线3连接于正极极片的正极集流体，另一个电极引线3连接于负极极片的负极集流体。两个电极引线3将电极组件1与包装袋2外部的其它构件连接，进而实现电极组件1的充放电。电极引线3的材质可为铝、镍或铜镀镍。
两个电极引线3可分别从包装袋2沿长度方向X的两端伸出，也可从包装袋2沿长度方向X的同一端伸出。
绝缘件4可为两个。两个绝缘件4分别将两个电极引线3与密封部21隔开。各绝缘件4环绕在对应一个电极引线3的外侧。绝缘件4的一部分夹持在两层包装膜22之间，从而将电极引线3与包装膜22隔开，降低电极引线3与金属层222接触的风险。绝缘件4的材质可为聚丙烯。
由于绝缘件4的一部分夹持在两层包装膜22之间，因此，当对两层包装膜22进行热压时，两层包装膜22的连接层223会熔接于绝缘件4。
具体地，参照图4和图5，密封部21包括主体区211、第一台阶区212和第一过渡区214。第一台阶区212位于电极引线3沿厚度方向Z的两侧，主体区211和第一过渡区214位于第一台阶区212沿宽度方向Y的同一侧，且第一过渡区214连接于第一台阶区212和主体区211之间。
绝缘件4包括第一部分41，在厚度方向Z上，第一部分41位于电极引线3与第一台阶区212之间并且从两侧覆盖电极引线3。第一台阶区212分为上下两层，而第一部分41位于两层第一台阶区212之间。
在第一台阶区212，各包装膜22的连接层223熔接于第一部分41。沿 厚度方向Z，第一台阶区212、第一部分41和电极引线3的厚度之和为H1。H1大体为定值，当然，由于热压工艺原因，H1可能会在一定范围内波动，例如正负0.01mm。
在主体区211，两层包装膜22的连接层223直接熔接为一体。在厚度方向Z上，主体区211的厚度为H2。H2大体为定值，当然，由于热压工艺原因，主体区211的厚度H2可能会在一定范围内波动，例如正负0.01mm。H2的值可为0.2mm-0.4mm。
在主体区211，两层包装膜22直接熔接在一起；而在第一台阶区212，两层包装膜22与绝缘件4的第一部分41熔接在一起。因此，H2的值会小于H1的值，主体区211与第一台阶区212之间会存在高度差。连接于主体区211与第一台阶区212之间的第一过渡区214可以起到过渡的作用。
为了实现主体区211的熔接和第一台阶区212的熔接，通常会采用具有台阶式封装面的封装设备5。具体地，参照图8和图9，封装设备5包括第一封装面51和第二封装面52，第二封装面52相对于第一封装面51凹陷。热压时，第一封装面51作用于主体区211，而第二封装面52作用于第一台阶区212。
参照图10和图11，在热压的过程中，第一部分41和位于第一台阶区212的连接层223受热熔化并产生具有粘性的胶体6，部分胶体6在压力的作用下流动到第一过渡区214的间隙，胶体6填充所述间隙并将位于第一过渡区214的连接层223粘接在一起，进而实现密封。
然而，在热压的过程中，电极引线3的端部容易产生应力集中，同时，第一部分41被压薄；如果第一部分41过薄，那么在电极引线3的端部处的应力容易刺破第一部分41，甚至密封部21，导致电解液腐蚀密封部21中的金属层222，从而降低包装袋2的密封性能。另外，当电极引线3与密封部21的金属层222接触时，容易引发短路风险。
参照图5，电极引线3与第一台阶区212的外表面的最小距离为D2。电极引线3大体为平行于长度方向X的薄片，所以在垂直于长度方向X的平面内，电极引线3与第一台阶区212的外表面的距离最小。而由于第一台阶区212大体为垂直于厚度方向Z的薄片，D2大体为电极引线3与第一台阶区212的外表面在厚度方向Z上的最小距离。D2的值越小，第一台阶区212越容易被电极引线3刺破；而D2的值可以通过控制第一部分41在 热压时的压缩率来改变。因此，本申请实施例可以依照需求，使D2的值满足一定的范围，例如大于150um，来避免电极引线3刺破第一台阶区212。
电极引线3与第一过渡区214的外表面的最小距离为D1。同样地，电极引线3大体为平行于长度方向X的薄片，所以在垂直于长度方向X的平面内，电极引线3与第一过渡区214的外表面的距离最小。而由于第一过渡区214位于第一台阶区212沿宽度方向Y的一侧，所以电极引线3在宽度方向Y上的端部与第一过渡区214的外表面的距离最小。同样地，D1的值越小，第一过渡区214越容易被电极引线3刺破。
然而，由于主体区211与第一台阶区212之间存在高度差，所以在热压的过程中，第一过渡区214会朝靠近主体区211和电极引线3的方向倾斜；同时，第一过渡区214被拉伸。第一过渡区214被拉伸后，其厚度和强度均变小，如果D1的值小于D2的值，第一过渡区214容易被电极引线3的端部刺破，从而降低包装袋2的密封性能，引发短路风险。因此，本申请实施例优选D1≥D2，以降低包装袋2被刺破的风险，提高安全性能。
第一过渡区214连接主体区211和第一台阶区212，第一过渡区214具有沿厚度方向Z相对设置的两个外表面，且两个外表面相对于主体区211朝靠近第一台阶区212的方向倾斜。第一过渡区214的外表面连接主体区211的外表面和第一台阶区212的外表面。第一过渡区214的外表面可从第一台阶区212的外表面的端部延伸，并相对于第一台阶区212的外表面朝靠近主体区211的外表面的方向倾斜。在厚度方向Z上，第一过渡区214的两个外表面的间距为L。沿主体区211指向电极引线3的方向，L的值逐渐增大。
参照图5，第一过渡区214的外表面与第一台阶区212的外表面的夹角α为100°～170°。α的值越小，第一过渡区214与电极引线3的端部的距离越近，也就是说，D1的值可能会越小，第一过渡区214被电极引线3刺破的风险也就越高。因此，优选地，α的值不小于100°。当H1和H2的值确定时，α的值越大，第一过渡区214的外表面越平缓，对应地，第一过渡区214在宽度方向Y上的尺寸也就越大。而由于二次电池在宽度方向Y上的尺寸有限，第一过渡区214在宽度方向Y占用的空间越大，其它构件(例如电极引线3)能够利用的空间也就越小。因此，为了避免第一过渡区214占用过大的空间，α的值不大于170°。
参照图5和图12，电极引线3包括基体部31和边缘部32，边缘部32连接于基体部31且位于基体部31沿宽度方向Y靠近第一过渡区214的一侧。与基体部31相比，边缘部32更靠近第一过渡区214；进一步地，边缘部32的远离基体部31的一端与第一过渡区214的距离最小。
D1的值由边缘部32与第一过渡区214在宽度方向Y上的间距和边缘部32与第一过渡区214在厚度方向Z上的间距决定。为了增大D1的值，本申请实施例减小了边缘部32的厚度。另外，为了减小边缘部32和基体部31的连接处的应力，实现平滑过渡，优选地，沿远离基体部31的方向，边缘部32的厚度逐渐减小。
边缘部32具有面向第一台阶区212的第一表面，第一表面连接于第一部分41。由于边缘部32的厚度逐渐减小，所以第一表面相对于垂直于厚度方向Z的基准面倾斜。第一表面为两个且沿厚度方向Z相互面对。
基体部31具有面向第一台阶区212的第二表面，第二表面连接于第一部分41。第二表面为大体垂直于厚度方向Z的平面。第二表面为两个且沿厚度方向Z相互面对。
优选地，参照图12，第一表面与第二表面相连，且两者的夹角β大于等于120°。第一表面与第二表面的连接处会形成棱边，棱边处容易产生应力集中。如果β的值过小，棱边处比较尖锐，热压时刺破第一部分41和第一台阶区212的风险也就越高。因此，为了降低第一部分41和第一台阶区212被刺破的风险，β优选大于120°。
参照图12，电极引线3的垂直于长度方向X的截面的面积决定了电极引线3的过流能力。如果边缘部32厚度过小，会导致电极引线3的过流能力不足；同时，边缘部32厚度过小时，电极引线3的强度也会偏小，容易变形。因此，为了保证电极引线3的过流面积和强度，边缘部32的最小厚度H5大于100μm。
沿宽度方向Y，边缘部32的尺寸与基体部31的尺寸之比为0.1-0.4。边缘部32的厚度较小，过流能力和强度均小于基体部31，如果所述比值大于0.4，那么边缘部32具有较大的尺寸，这会导致电极引线3整体的过流面积不足，强度偏弱。当基体部31的厚度和边缘部32的最小厚度H5确定时，边缘部32沿宽度方向Y的尺寸越小，β的值就越大。因此，如果所述比值小于0.1，将会导致β的值过大，第一部分41和第一台阶区212 被刺破的风险较高。因此，优选地，沿宽度方向Y，边缘部32的尺寸与基体部31的尺寸之比为0.1-0.4。
沿宽度方向Y，第一台阶区212的尺寸大于电极引线3的尺寸。优选地，第一台阶区212沿宽度方向Y超出电极引线3。换句话说，第一台阶区212沿宽度方向Y靠近主体区211的一端超出电极引线3，第一台阶区212沿宽度方向Y远离主体区211的一端也超出电极引线3。
在本申请实施例中，通过增大第一台阶区212沿宽度方向Y的尺寸，可以增大第一过渡区214和边缘部32在宽度方向Y的距离，从而增大D1的值，降低安全风险。
绝缘件4还包括第二部分42，第二部分42与第一部分41相连，第一台阶区212超出电极引线3的部分从两侧覆盖第二部分42。第一部分41被电极引线3分割为上下两层，而第二部分42将第一部分41的两层连接在一起。第二部分42和第一台阶区212的厚度之和为H3。在热压前，H3和H1的值大体相同，但是电极引线3为金属，不易压缩，所以热压后H3的值可能会略小于H1的值。
密封部21包括第二台阶区213，第二台阶区213连接主体区211和第一过渡区214。在宽度方向Y上，第二台阶区213位于主体区211和第一过渡区214之间。绝缘件4还包括第三部分43和第四部分44，第三部分43从第二部分42的远离电极引线3的一端延伸，第四部分44从第三部分43的远离第二部分42的一端延伸。在厚度方向Z上，第一过渡区214从两侧覆盖第三部分43，第二台阶区213从两侧覆盖第四部分44。
在第一过渡区214，两层包装膜22的连接层223熔接于第三部分43；在第二台阶区213，两层包装膜22的连接层223熔接于第四部分44。
第二台阶区213和第四部分44的厚度之和为H4，且H2<H4<H1。H4大体为定值，当然，由于热压工艺原因，H4可能会在一定范围内波动，例如正负0.01mm。H4的值可为0.3mm-0.9mm。
在第一台阶区212，两侧包装膜22之间设有第一部分41和电极引线3，所以H2和H1具有较大的差值。热压时，第一过渡区214被拉伸的程度较大，导致位于第一过渡区214的金属层222破损，影响密封性能。为了减小第一过渡区214被拉伸的程度，本申请实施例优选设置第二台阶区213。第二台阶区213可以起到过渡的作用，减小第二台阶区213和主体区211 的高度差和第二台阶区213和第一台阶区212的高度差，从而减小第一过渡区214被拉伸的程度，降低应力集中，改善密封性能。
当H1的值确定时，可以通过增大H4的值来增大α的值，进而增大D1的值；同样地，也可以通过减小H5的值来增大D1的值。也就是说，H4的值和H5的值均对D1的值有直接的影响。申请人综合考虑H4和H5，优选地，H5<H4。此时，可以保证边缘部32和第一过渡区214在竖直方向Z上间隔足够的距离，增大D1的值，从而提高密封性能。
由于第一过渡区214倾斜设置，所以为了保证第三部分43能够与第一过渡区214贴合，避免第三部分43阻挡第一过渡区214在热压过程中的变形，第三部分43需要具有倾斜的表面。换句话说，沿第二部分42指向第四部分44的方向，第三部分43的厚度逐渐减小。第三部分43的最小厚度等于第四部分44的厚度，第三部分43的最大厚度等于第二部分42的厚度。
为了热压第二台阶区213，封装设备5还包括第三封装面53。第三封装面53位于第一封装面51和第二封装面52之间；相对于第一封装面51，第三封装面53凹陷的程度小于第二封装面52凹陷的程度。
优选地，密封部21还包括第二过渡区215，第二过渡区215连接于主体区211和第二台阶区213之间。参照图10，由于工艺误差，热压时，主体区211与第四部分44之间可能会存在一定的距离，导致第二过渡区215无法与第四部分44贴合。此时，在第二过渡区215，两层包装膜22之间留有间隙。外，在热压时，第二过渡区215为倾斜状态，不会受到第三封装面53的压力。因此，在第二过渡区215，两层包装膜22的连接层223无法直接熔接在一起。
参照图11，在热压的过程中，第四部分44和位于第二台阶区213的连接层223受热熔化并产生具有粘性的胶体6，部分胶体6在压力的作用下流动到第二过渡区215的间隙，胶体6填充所述间隙并将位于第二过渡区215的连接层223粘接在一起，进而实现密封。
下面对本申请实施例提供的二次电池的其它实施例进行说明。为了简化描述，以下仅主要介绍其它实施例与第一实施例的不同之处，未描述的部分可以参照第一实施例进行理解。
参照图13，在第二实施例中，第二台阶区213可以省略。本申请实施例可通过增大第一台阶区212沿宽度方向Y的尺寸并设置第二部分42，来 增大D1的值。增大D1的值，可以降低包装袋2被刺破的风险，提高安全性能。
参照图14，在第三实施例中，电极引线3沿宽度方向Y的尺寸可以等于或大于第一台阶区212的尺寸。此时，第二部分42省略。本申请实施例通过减小边缘部32的厚度来增大D1的值，从而降低包装袋2被刺破的风险，提高安全性能。当然，与实施例一相比，为了使D1的值满足要求，第三实施例的边缘部32需要具有更小的厚度。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种二次电池，其特征在于，包括电极组件(1)、包装袋(2)、电极引线(3)和绝缘件(4)；
    电极组件(1)收容于包装袋(2)内，包装袋(2)的边缘具有密封部(21)，电极引线(3)连接于电极组件(1)并穿过密封部(21)；
    密封部(21)包括主体区(211)、第一台阶区(212)和第一过渡区(214)，第一台阶区(212)位于电极引线(3)沿厚度方向(Z)的两侧，主体区(211)和第一过渡区(214)位于第一台阶区(212)沿宽度方向(Y)的同一侧，且第一过渡区(214)连接于第一台阶区(212)和主体区(211)之间；
    绝缘件(4)环绕在电极引线(3)的外侧，并将密封部(21)与电极引线(3)隔开；绝缘件(4)包括第一部分(41)，在厚度方向(Z)上，第一部分(41)位于电极引线(3)与第一台阶区(212)之间并且从两侧覆盖电极引线(3)；
    第一台阶区(212)、第一部分(41)和电极引线(3)的厚度之和为H1，主体区(211)的厚度为H2，H1>H2；
    电极引线(3)与第一过渡区(214)的外表面的最小距离为D1，电极引线(3)与第一台阶区(212)的外表面的最小距离为D2，D1≥D2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，第一过渡区(214)连接主体区(211)和第一台阶区(212)，第一过渡区(214)具有沿厚度方向(Z)相对设置的两个外表面，且两个外表面相对于主体区(211)朝靠近第一台阶区(212)的方向倾斜。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的二次电池，其特征在于，第一过渡区(214)的外表面与第一台阶区(212)的外表面的夹角为100°～170°。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的二次电池，其特征在于，电极引线(3)包括基体部(31)和边缘部(32)，边缘部(32)连接于基体部(31)且位于基体部(31)沿宽度方向(Y)靠近第一过渡区(214)的一侧；
    沿远离基体部(31)的方向，边缘部(32)的厚度逐渐减小。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其特征在于，边缘部(32)具有面向第一台阶区(212)的第一表面，基体部(31)具有面向第一台阶区(212) 的第二表面，第一表面与第二表面相连，且两者的夹角大于等于120°。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的二次电池，其特征在于，边缘部(32)的最小厚度大于100μm。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其特征在于，沿宽度方向(Y)，边缘部(32)的尺寸与基体部(31)的尺寸之比为0.1-0.4。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其特征在于，沿宽度方向(Y)，第一台阶区(212)超出电极引线(3)；
    绝缘件(4)还包括第二部分(42)，第二部分(42)与第一部分(41)相连，第一台阶区(212)超出电极引线(3)的部分从两侧覆盖第二部分(42)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的二次电池，其特征在于，密封部(21)包括第二台阶区(213)，第二台阶区(213)连接主体区(211)和第一过渡区(214)；
    绝缘件(4)还包括第三部分(43)和第四部分(44)，第三部分(43)从第二部分(42)的远离电极引线(3)的一端延伸，第四部分(44)从第三部分(43)的远离第二部分(42)的一端延伸；
    在厚度方向上，第一过渡区(214)从两侧覆盖第三部分(43)，第二台阶区(213)从两侧覆盖第四部分(44)；
    第二台阶区(213)和第四部分(44)的厚度之和为H4，且H2<H4<H1。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的二次电池，其特征在于，边缘部(32)的最小厚度为H5，H5<H4。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的二次电池，其特征在于，沿第二部分(42)指向第四部分(44)的方向，第三部分(43)的厚度逐渐减小。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，D2的值大于150μm。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的二次电池，其特征在于，
    包装袋(2)包括两层包装膜(22)，电极组件(1)位于两层包装膜(22)之间，两层包装膜(22)在边缘连接并形成密封部(21)；
    各包装膜(22)包括保护层(221)、金属层(222)和连接层(223)，连接层(223)设置于金属层(222)的朝向电极组件(1)的表面，保护层(221)设置于金属层(222)的远离电极组件(1)的表面；
    在主体区(211)，两层包装膜(22)的连接层(223)熔接为一体；在第一台阶区(212)，各包装膜(22)的连接层(223)熔接于第一部分(41)。
PCT/CN2020/084343 2019-05-17 2020-04-11 二次电池 WO2020233276A1 (zh)

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