WO2020232832A1 - 一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统 - Google Patents

一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020232832A1
WO2020232832A1 PCT/CN2019/098588 CN2019098588W WO2020232832A1 WO 2020232832 A1 WO2020232832 A1 WO 2020232832A1 CN 2019098588 W CN2019098588 W CN 2019098588W WO 2020232832 A1 WO2020232832 A1 WO 2020232832A1
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dust removal
dust
wet
dry
filter cartridge
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周刚
张清涛
魏星
胡莹莹
徐翠翠
尹文婧
张文政
韩伟波
孙健
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/60—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D46/00 and B01D47/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens

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  • the invention relates to the field of various industrial dust removal equipment such as coal-fired power plants and coal mines, and particularly relates to a dry-wet mixed type intelligent dust-removing experimental system.
  • the pulse pleated filter cartridge dust collector has been used by more and more industrial and mining enterprises in dust prevention and control due to its advantages of large filtration area, high filtration accuracy and large air volume.
  • its fiber filtration characteristics are difficult to apply.
  • Ultrasonic water mist dust suppression technology is currently widely used in my country’s energy, chemical, coal and other industries. It can be applied to the effective filtration of high temperature and highly toxic dust-containing gases.
  • the total dust removal efficiency of this technology is relatively high, it has a relatively low particle size. The trapping efficiency of small fine particles is low. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dust removal experimental device that can be applied to different working conditions, and a large number of experiments are performed to improve the existing dust removal technology.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dry-wet hybrid intelligent dust removal experimental system, which fills the current gap in the field of dry-wet hybrid dust removal at home and abroad. It can not only effectively utilize the advantages of dry dust removal technology and wet dust removal technology, but also It can also carry out experimental research on the operating performance of different filtering speed, particle size, dust concentration and other influencing factors, so as to optimize the structural parameters of the same type of dust removal equipment.
  • a dry-wet hybrid intelligent dust removal experimental system which includes a powder feeding system, a wet dust removal system and a dry dust removal system.
  • the powder feeding system includes a vibration frequency controller and a particle grading vibrating screen;
  • the wet dust removal system includes an air inlet, a water inlet, an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle group, an axial flow fan, a wet dust removal air cylinder and a particle characteristic monitoring system.
  • a junction box is provided on the wet dust removal fan to start the fan;
  • the dry dust removal system includes a pulse filter cartridge dust collector composed of a filter cartridge, a frequency conversion fan, an upper box body, a lower box body, ash hopper, etc., and an intelligent pulse pressure measurement and control system.
  • a pulse blowing ash cleaning device and an air outlet are arranged inside the upper box, and the air outlet is connected with the frequency conversion fan.
  • the bottom of the upper box body is provided with a cover plate, which is connected with the lower box body through the cover plate.
  • the inside of the lower box body is a dust removal chamber, and the ash hopper is arranged at the bottom of the dust removal chamber.
  • a laser sensor is installed on the side wall of the lower box.
  • the above-mentioned particle grading vibrating screen screens and classifies materials through the excitation force generated by the vibrating motor.
  • the maximum sieving mesh is 600 meshes, and 7 kinds of materials with different particle sizes can be screened to achieve different Experimental requirements under particle size.
  • the above-mentioned vibration frequency controller adjusts the dust concentration of the experimental device by controlling the powder feeding rate.
  • the above-mentioned dust removal air cylinder adopts a multi-section detachable structure, which is easy to maintain and clean.
  • the above-mentioned ultrasonic nozzle groups are provided with two groups on the upper and lower sides of the wet dust removal fan body.
  • the nozzle groups adopt fluid mechanics ultrasonic atomizing nozzles, and the micron-level droplets produced can make the wet dust removal fan reach a saturated dry mist state.
  • the way of entering the mist can be changed by adjusting the nozzle angle.
  • the wet dust removal air duct is also provided with a particle characteristic monitoring system, which mainly includes two Doppler laser particle size testers arranged on the wet dust removal air duct, which are respectively placed at the front and rear ends of the air duct.
  • the particle characteristics monitoring system mainly uses the principle of laser scattering to transmit the signal to the PC computer, adopts the PID algorithm targeting the required dry mist particle size, and then controls the nozzle group through the PLC control module to adjust the atomization rate to produce effective dry mist.
  • dry fog is efficiently and continuously produced, and dynamic tracking is used to achieve the experimental amount of fog-to-powder ratio inside the air duct.
  • the above-mentioned pulse filter cartridge dust collector is equipped with three replaceable pleated filter cartridges with an outer diameter of 450mm, an inner diameter of 260mm, and a length of 600mm.
  • the efficient dust removal function of the filter cartridge is used to achieve secondary dust removal.
  • the experiment can be satisfied by changing the filter cartridge type. Claim. High-precision pressure sensors are installed at different positions on the filter cartridge
  • the upper box and the lower box of the above-mentioned pulse dust collector are respectively equipped with wind pressure sensors, and the measured value of the wind pressure inside the box is fed back to the PC computer after the experimental system is running.
  • a transparent inspection window is provided in the above lower box body, and a plurality of fixed pallets are provided on the side wall of the box body.
  • the pulse blowing distance is set by adjusting the position of the cover plate on the fixed pallet, and the blowing distance can be 0mm, 30mm , 50mm, 70mm, 100mm five kinds of distance adjustment, test the dust removal performance of the dust collector by changing different spraying distance.
  • the pulsed filter cartridge dust collector is equipped with an intelligent pulse pressure measurement and control system, which mainly selects 6 measuring points 90mm, 180mm, 270mm, 400mm, 500mm, 600mm from the top of the filter cartridge on the surface of the filter cartridge.
  • the high-precision pressure sensor is embedded in the support bracket inside the filter cartridge to measure the difference of the spray pressure at different positions of the filter cartridge. Under the automatic control of the PLC control module, the pulse control valve is controlled to automatically adjust the pulse spray intensity.
  • the air inlet, connecting pipe, and air outlet of the dry and wet hybrid intelligent dust removal experimental system are equipped with a dust concentration sensor and a wind speed sensor, and the received data signal is fed back to the PC computer through a charge amplifier and a data collector. Record processing.
  • the above-mentioned dust concentration sensor feeds back the monitored dust concentration change to the PC computer terminal.
  • the PC computer terminal receives the signal and sends it to the vibration frequency controller to adjust the powder rate. Through real-time monitoring and automatic control, the experiment is achieved. The required dust concentration.
  • the above-mentioned wind speed sensor transmits the signal to the PC computer through the PLC control module, and uses a PID algorithm targeting the required filtered wind speed to feed back the command to the variable frequency fan to adjust the experimental amount of the filtered wind speed.
  • the above-mentioned wind speed sensor and laser sensor feed back the filter wind speed and the thickness of the dust layer to the PC, and use the MATLAB programming software independently developed by the team to perform data processing to obtain the porosity value of the condensed dust layer on the filter cartridge.
  • the above-mentioned dust concentration sensor, laser sensor, wind speed sensor, pressure sensor and wind pressure sensor are made of stainless steel, all adopt explosion-proof design, and the explosion-proof grade is D level.
  • the present invention uniquely introduces the ultrasonic dry mist dust suppression technology into the pulse filter cartridge dust collector to form a unique dry and wet mixed type intelligent dust removal experimental system.
  • the mist droplets produced by the ultrasonic atomization nozzle group are used to affect the dust in the dust-containing airflow.
  • the fine particles are pre-aggregated, and then they are collected for a second time by a dry dust removal system with a pulsed filter cartridge dust collector as the main body to achieve effective filtration.
  • the experimental system is equipped with a particle characteristic monitoring system, which transmits the monitored particle parameters of the dust-containing airflow to the PC computer, and then transmits the signal to the nozzle group to control its atomization rate to achieve the change of the fog powder ratio.
  • the pulse dust collector is equipped with a pulse pressure intelligent measurement and control system, which can monitor the side wall pressure received by the filter cartridge during pulse cleaning. Under the automatic control of the PLC control module, the pulse control valve is controlled to automatically adjust the pulse blowing intensity.
  • the present invention tests the change law of the operation performance of the dry and wet mixed dust removal system by adjusting the parameters such as filtration speed, particle size and dust concentration.
  • the dust removal device can also select different types of filter cartridges, change the spray distance, etc., through comparative experiments, Promote equipment research and development.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the experimental system constructed by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a control diagram of the central processing system built by the present invention
  • 1- vibration frequency controller 2- particle grading vibrating screen; 3- air inlet; 4- water inlet; 5- ultrasonic atomizing nozzle; 6-axial fan; 7-junction box; 8-filter; 9-Connecting pipeline; 10-Filter cartridge; 11-Air bag; 12-Pulse control valve; 13-Injection pipe; 14-Dust cleaning nozzle; 15-Inverter fan; 16-Outlet; 17-Dust bucket; 18-Fixed Card board; 19-upper box; 20-lower box; 21-dust concentration sensor; 22-laser sensor; 23-wind speed sensor; 24-pressure sensor; 25-wind pressure sensor; 26-Doppler laser particle size test Instrument; 27-charge amplifier; 28-data acquisition instrument; 29-PC computer terminal; 30-PLC control module.
  • the present invention proposes a dry-wet hybrid intelligent dust removal experimental system.
  • the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
  • the present invention constructs a dry-wet hybrid intelligent dust removal experimental system, which includes a powder feeding system composed of a vibration frequency controller 1 and a particle grading vibrating screen 2, an air inlet 3 and a water inlet 4 , Ultrasonic atomization nozzle 5, axial flow fan 6 and filter screen 8 composed of wet dust removal air tube and filter tube 10, frequency conversion fan 15, ash hopper 17, upper box 19 and lower box 20 composed of pulse filter cartridge dust collector.
  • a pulse cleaning device and an air outlet 16 are arranged inside the upper box body, and the inside of the lower box body 20 is a dust removal room.
  • a laser sensor 22 is installed on the side wall of the lower box body.
  • the pulse cleaning device is composed of an air bag 11, a pulse control valve 12, a blowing pipe 13, and a cleaning nozzle 14.
  • a junction box 7 is provided on the wet dust removal air cylinder for starting the fan.
  • the air inlet 3, connecting pipe 9, and air outlet 16 of the experimental system are equipped with a dust concentration sensor 21 and a wind speed sensor 23, and the received data signal is fed back to the PC computer 29 for recording through the charge amplifier 27 and the data collector 28 deal with.
  • the working principle of the experimental system of the present invention is: after the experimental system is turned on, the axial flow fan 6 and the variable frequency fan 15 are started at the same time, and the experimental dust is put into the particle grading vibrating screen 2.
  • the dust quickly enters into the air inlet 3 with the airflow, and the ultrafine droplets produced by the ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 5 on the wet dust removal air cylinder pre-aggregate the fine particles.
  • the dust-containing air flow after the pre-aggregation treatment passes through the filter cartridge 10 in the pulse filter cartridge dust collector for secondary capture, and finally the clean air flow is discharged through the air outlet 16.
  • the pulse control valve 12 receives the command to release the compressed air from the air bag 11, and spray it through the dust cleaning nozzle 14 on the blowing pipe 13 to knock the dust down to the ash hopper 17 In, complete the process of filter cartridge pulse cleaning.
  • the particle grading vibrating screen 2 screens and classifies materials through the excitation force generated by the vibrating motor.
  • the maximum sieving mesh is 600 meshes, which can screen out 7 kinds of materials with different particle sizes, and realize the experiment under different particle sizes. Claim.
  • the vibration frequency controller 1 is used to control the powder feeding rate of the experimental system.
  • the dust concentration sensor 21 feeds back the monitored dust concentration change to the PC computer terminal 29.
  • the PC computer terminal 29 receives the signal and sends it to the vibration frequency controller 1 to adjust the powder rate. Through real-time monitoring and automatic control, Reach the dust concentration required by the experiment.
  • the body of the wet dust removal air cylinder adopts a multi-section detachable structure, which is easy to maintain and clean.
  • the ultrasonic nozzles 5 are provided with two groups on the upper and lower body of the wet dust collector.
  • the nozzle group adopts hydrodynamic ultrasonic atomizing nozzles.
  • the micron-level droplets produced can make the wet dust collector quickly reach the saturated dry mist state.
  • the way of entering the mist can be changed by adjusting the nozzle angle.
  • the wet dust removal air duct is also provided with a particle characteristics monitoring system, which mainly includes two Doppler laser particle size testers 26 arranged on the wet dust removal air duct, which are respectively placed at the front and rear ends of the air duct .
  • the particle characteristics monitoring system mainly uses the principle of laser scattering to transmit the signal to the PC computer terminal 29, adopts the PID algorithm targeting the required dry mist particle size, and then controls the nozzle group through the PLC control module 30 to adjust the atomization rate to produce effective dry fog. Through real-time monitoring and automatic control, dry fog is efficiently and continuously produced, and dynamic tracking is used to achieve the experimental amount of fog-to-powder ratio inside the air duct.
  • the impulse filter cartridge dust collector is equipped with three replaceable pleated filter cartridges 10 with an outer diameter of 450mm, an inner diameter of 260mm, and a length of 600mm.
  • the experimental requirements can be met by changing the filter cartridge type. Different positions on the filter cartridge are provided with High-precision pressure sensor 24.
  • the upper box body 19 and the lower box body 20 are respectively provided with a wind pressure sensor 25, and the measured value of the wind pressure inside the box body is fed back to the PC computer terminal 29 after the experimental system runs.
  • the lower box body 20 is provided with a transparent inspection window, and a plurality of fixed pallets 18 are provided on the side wall of the box body. By adjusting the position of the cover plate on the fixed pallet 18, the pulse blowing distance can be set. Test the dust removal performance of the dust collector under five distance adjustments of 0mm, 30mm, 50mm, 70mm, and 100mm by changing different spraying distances.
  • the pulsed filter cartridge dust collector is equipped with an intelligent pulse pressure measurement and control system, which mainly selects 6 measuring points 90mm, 180mm, 270mm, 400mm, 500mm, 600mm from the top of the filter cartridge on the surface of the filter cartridge.
  • the high-precision pressure sensor 24 is embedded in the support bracket inside the filter cartridge 10 to measure the spray pressure at different positions of the filter cartridge 10, and the pulse control valve 12 is controlled under the automatic control of the PC terminal 29 and the PLC control module 30 The pressure of the air bag 11 is automatically adjusted.
  • the wind speed sensor 23 is used to monitor the size of the filtering wind speed of the device, and transmit the signal to the PC computer terminal 29.
  • the PID algorithm targeting the required filtering wind speed is adopted, and the command is fed back to the variable frequency fan 15 through the PLC control module 30. Then adjust the experimental amount of filtration wind speed.
  • the wind speed sensor 23 and the laser sensor 22 feedback the received filter wind speed and the thickness of the dust layer to the PC computer 29, and perform data processing through the data model independently developed by the team to obtain the pores of the condensation dust layer on the filter cartridge Rate value.
  • the dust concentration sensor 21, the laser sensor 22, the wind speed sensor 23, the pressure sensor 24 and the wind pressure sensor 25 are made of stainless steel and all adopt an explosion-proof design, and the explosion-proof grade is D level.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，包括给粉系统、湿式除尘系统和干式除尘系统三部分。给粉系统为系统提供实验粉尘，粉尘浓度传感器（21）将监测到的粉尘浓度数值传递给PC电脑端（29），然后信号传递到振动频率控制器（1）调节给粉速率。对于湿式除尘系统，含尘气流快速进入进风口（3）中，超声波雾化喷嘴（5）产生的微米级别的雾滴对含尘气流中的微细小颗粒物进行预聚集，然后监测信号并传递到超声波雾化喷嘴（5）调节雾化速率，经过预聚集处理后的含尘气流再通过干式除尘系统进行二次捕集。通过调节过滤速度、颗粒粒度和粉尘浓度等参数测试干湿混合式除尘系统运行性能的变化规律。

Description

一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统 技术领域
本发明涉及煤发电厂、煤矿等各种工业除尘设备领域，具体涉及一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统。
背景技术
大部分工矿企业在生产过程中会产生大量的粉尘，据国家卫计委发布的全国职业病报告显示：截至2017年底，全国工矿尘肺病累计85.41万例，2017年新增尘肺病例22701例，在新发职业病中的占比高达84.84％，严重威胁着企业的安全生产。因此，工矿企业粉尘防控是亟待创新改革的重要领域。
近年来，脉冲褶式滤筒除尘器凭借其过滤面积大、过滤精度高、处理风量大等优点，得到了越来越多工矿企业在粉尘防治上的应用，但其纤维过滤的特点很难应用于有毒有害的含尘气体过滤。而超声波水雾抑尘技术目前在我国的能源、化工、煤炭等行业得到广泛应用，能够适用于高温、高毒含尘气体的有效过滤，该技术总除尘效率虽然较高，但是对粒径较小的微细颗粒物捕集效率较低。因此亟需一种能够应用于不同工况条件下的除尘实验装置，通过进行大量实验对现有除尘技术进行改进。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其填补了目前国内外关于干湿式混合除尘领域的空白，其不仅能够有效利用干式除尘技术和湿式除尘技术的优点，还能够开展不同过滤速度、颗粒粒度，粉尘浓度等影响因素对其运行性能的实验研究，从而对同类型除尘设备的结构参数进行优化。
其技术解决方案包括：
一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其包括给粉系统、湿式除尘系统和干式 除尘系统。所述的给粉系统内部包括振动频率控制器和颗粒分级振动筛；
所述的湿式除尘系统包括进风口、加水口、超声波雾化喷嘴组、轴流式风机、过滤网组成的湿式除尘风筒和颗粒特性监测系统。湿式除尘风筒上设置有接线盒用于启动风机；
所述的干式除尘系统包括由滤筒、变频风机、上箱体、下箱体、灰斗等构成的脉冲式滤筒除尘器和脉冲压力智能化测控系统。所述的上箱体内部设置有脉冲喷吹清灰装置和出风口，所述的出风口与所述变频风机相连。所述的上箱体的底部设置有盖板，通过盖板与所述下箱体相连，所述的下箱体内部为除尘室，所述灰斗设置在除尘室的底部。为了观察滤筒上凝结粉尘层的厚度，在下箱体侧壁处出设置激光传感器。
作为本发明的一个优选方案，上述颗粒分级振动筛通过振动电机所产生的激振力对物料进行筛选和分级，最高筛分目数600目，可筛分出7种不同粒度的物料，实现不同颗粒粒度下的实验要求。
上述振动频率控制器通过控制给粉速率进而调节实验装置的粉尘浓度。
上述除尘风筒筒身采用的是多节可拆卸结构，易于保养清洗。
上述超声波喷嘴组在所述的湿式除尘风筒机身上下各设置两组，喷嘴组采用流体力学型超声波雾化喷嘴，产生的微米级雾滴可以使湿式除尘风筒内部达到饱和干雾状态，另外可通过调节喷嘴角度改变其进雾方式。
进一步的，所述的湿式除尘风筒上还设置有颗粒特性监测系统，主要包括设置在湿式除尘风筒上的两台多普勒激光粒度测试仪，分别放置在风筒的前后两端。颗粒特性监测系统主要利用激光散射原理，将信号传送至PC电脑端，采用以需要的干雾颗粒大小为目标的PID算法，再通过PLC控制模块控制喷嘴组调节雾化速率，产生有效干雾。通过实时监测和自动化控制高效持续产生干雾，动态跟踪，达到风筒内部雾粉比的实验量。
上述脉冲式滤筒除尘器中装有三个外径450mm、内径260mm、长600mm的可更换的褶式滤筒，利用滤筒高效的除尘功能实现二次除尘，此外可通过更换滤筒类型满足实验要求。滤筒上不同位置分别设置有高精度的压力传感器
上述脉冲除尘器的上箱体和下箱体中分别设置有风压传感器，实验系统运行后 箱体内部风压测量值反馈给PC电脑端。
上述下箱体中设置有透明的检视窗，箱体侧壁上设置有多个固定卡板，通过调节盖板在固定卡板上的位置设置脉冲喷吹距离，喷吹距离可在0mm，30mm，50mm，70mm，100mm五种距离调节，通过改变不同喷吹距离下测试除尘器的清灰性能。
进一步的，所述脉冲式滤筒除尘器内部设置还有脉冲压力智能化测控系统，主要是在滤筒表面选取6个分别距滤筒顶部90mm、180mm、270mm、400mm、500mm、600mm的测点，将高精度的压力传感器嵌入到滤筒内部的支撑支架，用来测量滤筒不同位置受到喷吹压力的不同，在PLC控制模块的自动控制下，控制脉冲控制阀自动调节脉冲喷吹强度。
所述干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统的进风口、连接管道、出风口处均设置有粉尘浓度传感器和风速传感器，通过电荷放大器和数据采集仪将接收到的数据信号反馈至PC电脑端进行记录处理。
进一步的，上述的粉尘浓度传感器将监测到的粉尘浓度变化反馈给PC电脑端，PC电脑端接收到信号，再发送到振动频率控制器调节给粉速率，通过实时监测和自动化控制，从而达到实验所需的粉尘浓度。
进一步的，上述的风速传感器通过PLC控制模块将信号传送至PC电脑端，采用以需要的过滤风速量为目标的PID算法，将命令反馈到变频风机，进而调整过滤风速的实验量。
更进一步的，上述的风速传感器和激光传感器将过滤风速、粉尘层的厚度反馈至PC电脑端，通过团队自主研发的MATLAB编程软件进行数据处理得到滤筒上凝结粉尘层的孔隙率数值。
上述的粉尘浓度传感器、激光传感器、风速传感器、压力传感器以及风压传感器为不锈钢材质，均采用防爆设计，防爆等级为D级。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本发明与现有技术不同之处在于：
本发明独创性地将超声波干雾抑尘技术引入脉冲滤筒除尘器中，构成了独特的 干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，利用超声波雾化喷嘴组产生的雾滴对含尘气流中的微细小颗粒物进行预聚集，再通过以脉冲式滤筒除尘器为主体的干式除尘系统对其进行二次捕集，实现有效过滤。实验系统中设置有颗粒特性监测系统，将监测到的含尘气流的颗粒参数传递给PC电脑端，然后信号传递到喷嘴组控制其雾化速率实现雾粉比的变化。脉冲除尘器中设置有脉冲压力智能化测控系统，可以监测到脉冲清灰时滤筒收到的侧壁压力，在PLC控制模块的自动控制下，控制脉冲控制阀自动调节脉冲喷吹强度。
本发明通过调节过滤速度、颗粒粒度和粉尘浓度等参数测试干湿混合式除尘系统运行性能的变化规律，另外除尘装置还可以选用不同类型的滤筒，改变喷吹距离等，通过进行对比实验，促进设备研发。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明：
图1为本发明构造的实验系统布置示意图；
图2为本发明搭建的中央处理系统控制图；
图3本发明构造的实验系统的技术路线图。
其中，1-振动频率控制器；2-颗粒分级振动筛；3-进风口；4-加水口；5-超声波雾化喷嘴；6-轴流式风机；7-接线盒；8-滤网；9-连接管道；10-滤筒；11-气包；12-脉冲控制阀；13-喷吹管；14-清灰喷嘴；15-变频风机；16-出风口；17-灰斗；18-固定卡板；19-上箱体；20-下箱体；21-粉尘浓度传感器；22-激光传感器；23-风速传感器；24-压力传感器；25-风压传感器；26-多普勒激光粒度测试仪；27-电荷放大器；28-数据采集仪；29-PC电脑端；30-PLC控制模块。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
本发明提出了一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，为了使本发明的优点、技术方案更加清楚、明确，下面结合具体实施例对本发明做详细说明。
结合图1、图2所示，本发明构造了一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，包括振动频率控制器1和颗粒分级振动筛2组成的给粉系统，进风口3、加水口4、超 声波雾化喷嘴5、轴流式风机6和滤网8组成的湿式除尘风筒以及滤筒10、变频风机15、灰斗17、上箱体19和下箱体20组成的脉冲式滤筒除尘器。上箱体内部设置有脉冲清灰装置和出风口16，下箱体20内部为除尘室，为了观察滤筒上凝结粉尘层的厚度，在下箱体侧壁处安装有激光传感器22。脉冲清灰装置由气包11、脉冲控制阀12、喷吹管13、清灰喷嘴14组成。湿式除尘风筒上设置有接线盒7用于启动风机。实验系统的进风口3、连接管道9、出风口16处均设置有粉尘浓度传感器21和风速传感器23，通过电荷放大器27和数据采集仪28将接收到的数据信号反馈至PC电脑端29进行记录处理。
结合图1和图3所示，本发明实验系统的工作原理是：实验系统开启后，轴流式风机6和变频风机15同时启动，将实验粉尘放入颗粒分级振动筛2中，筛选后的粉尘随气流快速进入到进风口3中，湿式除尘风筒上的超声波雾化喷嘴5产生的超细雾滴对微细颗粒物进行预聚集。经过预聚集处理后的含尘气流通过脉冲式滤筒除尘器中的滤筒10进行二次捕集，最后干净的气流通过出风口16排出。当滤筒10上粉尘堆积到一定程度后，脉冲控制阀12接收指令将压缩空气从气包11中释放出来，经喷吹管13上的清灰喷嘴14喷出，将粉尘打落到灰斗17中，完成滤筒脉冲清灰的过程。
所述的颗粒分级振动筛2通过振动电机所产生的激振力对物料进行筛选和分级，最高筛分目数600目，可筛分出7种不同粒度的物料，实现不同颗粒粒度下的实验要求。振动频率控制器1用来控制实验系统的给粉速率。
所述的粉尘浓度传感器21将监测到的粉尘浓度变化反馈给PC电脑端29，PC电脑端29接收到信号，再发送到振动频率控制器1调节给粉速率，通过实时监测和自动化控制，从而达到实验所需的粉尘浓度。
所述湿式除尘风筒筒身采用的是多节可拆卸结构，易于保养清洗。
所述超声波喷嘴5在湿式除尘风筒机身上下各设置两组，喷嘴组采用流体力学型超声波雾化喷嘴，产生的微米级雾滴可以使湿式除尘风筒内部迅速达到饱和干雾状态，另外可通过调节喷嘴角度改变其进雾方式。
进一步的，所述湿式除尘风筒上还设置有颗粒特性监测系统，主要包括设置在湿式除尘风筒上的两台多普勒激光粒度测试仪26，分别将其放置在风筒的前后 两端。颗粒特性监测系统主要利用激光散射原理，将信号传送至PC电脑端29，采用以需要的干雾颗粒大小为目标的PID算法，再通过PLC控制模块30控制喷嘴组调节雾化速率，产生有效干雾。通过实时监测和自动化控制高效持续产生干雾，动态跟踪，达到风筒内部雾粉比的实验量。
所述的脉冲式滤筒除尘器中装有三个外径450mm、内径260mm、长600mm的可更换的褶式滤筒10，可以通过更换滤筒类型满足实验要求，滤筒上不同位置分别设置有高精度的压力传感器24。
所述上箱体19和下箱体20中分别设置有风压传感器25，实验系统运行后将箱体内部风压测量值反馈给PC电脑端29。
所述下箱体20中设置有透明的检视窗，箱体侧壁上设置有多个固定卡板18，通过调节盖板在固定卡板18上的位置设置脉冲喷吹距离，喷吹距离可在0mm，30mm，50mm，70mm，100mm五种距离调节，通过改变不同喷吹距离下测试除尘器的清灰性能。
进一步的，所述脉冲式滤筒除尘器内部设置还有脉冲压力智能化测控系统，主要是在滤筒表面选取6个分别距滤筒顶部90mm、180mm、270mm、400mm、500mm、600mm的测点，将高精度的压力传感器24嵌入到滤筒10内部的支撑支架，用来测量滤筒10不同位置受到喷吹压力，在PC端29和PLC控制模块30的自动控制下，控制脉冲控制阀12自动调节气包11的压力。
所述的风速传感器23用于监测装置过滤风速的大小，将信号传送至PC电脑端29，采用以需要的过滤风速量为目标的PID算法，通过PLC控制模块30将命令反馈到变频风机15，进而调整过滤风速的实验量。
进一步的，所述的风速传感器23和激光传感器22将接收到的过滤风速、粉尘层的厚度反馈至PC电脑端29，通过团队自主研发的数据模型进行数据处理得到滤筒上凝结粉尘层的孔隙率数值。
更进一步的，所述的粉尘浓度传感器21、激光传感器22、风速传感器23、压力传感器24以及风压传感器25为不锈钢材质，均采用防爆设计，防爆等级为D级。
本发明未述及的部分借鉴现有技术即可实现。
需要说明的是：在本说明书的教导下本领域技术人员所做出的任何等同方式， 或明显变型方式均应在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，包括给粉系统、湿式除尘系统和干式除尘系统，其特征在于：
    所述的给粉系统包括振动频率控制器和颗粒分级振动筛；
    所述的湿式除尘系统包括湿式除尘风筒和颗粒特性监测系统，所述的湿式除尘风筒包括进风口、加水口、超声波雾化喷嘴、轴流式风机及过滤网，所述的湿式除尘风筒上设置有用于启动风机的接线盒；
    所述的干式除尘系统包括脉冲式滤筒除尘器和脉冲压力智能化测控系统，所述的脉冲式滤筒除尘器是由滤筒、变频风机、上箱体、下箱体及灰斗构成，所述的上箱体内部设置有脉冲喷吹清灰装置和出风口，所述的出风口与所述变频风机相连，所述的上箱体的底部设置有盖板，通过盖板与所述下箱体相连，所述的下箱体内部为除尘室，所述灰斗设置在除尘室的底部，在所述下箱体的侧壁设置有激光传感器，所述的激光传感器用于观察所述滤筒上凝结粉尘层的厚度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其特征在于：所述的颗粒分级振动筛，其振动电机做同步、反向旋转所产生的激振力对物料进行筛选和分级，最高筛分目数600目，用于筛分出7种不同粒度的物料；所述的进风口、出风口处均设置有粉尘浓度传感器和风速传感器，通过电荷放大器和数据采集仪将接收到的数据信号反馈至PC电脑端进行处理。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其特征在于：所述的湿式除尘风筒，其除尘风筒筒身采用的是多节可拆卸结构。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其特征在于：所述的超声波雾化喷嘴设置在所述湿式除尘风筒筒内，且在其上下各设置两组，采用流体力学型超声波雾化喷嘴。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其特征在于：所述的颗粒特性监测系统主要包括设置在湿式除尘风筒上的两台多普勒激光粒度测试仪，分别放置在湿式除尘风筒的前后两端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其特征在于：所述的脉冲式滤筒除尘器中装有三个外径450mm、内径260mm、长600mm的可更换的褶式滤筒，滤筒上不同位置分别设置有压力传感器，所述脉冲式滤筒除尘器的上箱体和下箱体分别设置有风压传感器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其特征在于：所述脉冲除尘器的下箱体上设置有透明的检视窗，下箱体侧壁上设置有多个固定卡板，通过调节盖板在固定卡板上的位置设置脉冲喷吹距离，喷吹距离在0mm，30mm，50mm，70mm，100mm五种距离调节。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种干湿混合式智能化除尘实验系统，其特征在于：所述的脉冲压力智能化测控系统，其是在滤筒表面选取6个分别距滤筒顶部90mm、180mm、270mm、400mm、500mm、600mm的测点，将高精度的压力传感器嵌入到滤筒内部的支撑支架。
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