WO2020232744A1 - 一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线 - Google Patents

一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020232744A1
WO2020232744A1 PCT/CN2019/089768 CN2019089768W WO2020232744A1 WO 2020232744 A1 WO2020232744 A1 WO 2020232744A1 CN 2019089768 W CN2019089768 W CN 2019089768W WO 2020232744 A1 WO2020232744 A1 WO 2020232744A1
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assembly line
temporary storage
mold
station
line
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PCT/CN2019/089768
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张剑
谢忠全
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长沙远大住宅工业集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020232744A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020232744A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations

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  • the invention relates to a prefabricated component production line with a temporary storage function, and belongs to the technical field of prefabricated component production.
  • the characteristic of the assembly line production method of prefabricated components is that the table mold/steel trolley (that is, the working platform) flows through the conveyor system of the production line to the corresponding station of each process along the process sequence; the operators and specific tasks of each station Relatively fixed, for example, table mold cleaning, rib mold installation, embedded parts pre-embedding, steel bar placement, concrete pouring, vibrating and other operations are operated by relatively fixed people and equipment in a fixed position.
  • This form of production process can reduce labor intensity, improve production efficiency, and save labor. Therefore, domestic prefabricated component manufacturers currently use assembly line production methods for prefabricated external wall panels and internal wall panels.
  • the production process of existing prefabricated components generally includes: cleaning molds, spraying and marking, installing molds, arranging steel bars/embedded parts, pouring and vibrating concrete, leveling concrete, pre-curing, grinding, curing kiln maintenance, demoulding , Hoisting and so on.
  • the operation (processing) time of pouring vibrated concrete, leveling concrete, pre-curing, grinding, curing kiln, demoulding, and hoisting stations is roughly fixed, and will not be affected by factors such as the form and size of the prefabricated components. Make a big difference.
  • the operating time for installing molds and arranging reinforcement/embedded parts will vary greatly depending on the form and size of prefabricated components. Especially for customized parts customized for specific construction projects, their unconventional shapes often Extend the operating time of installing molds and arranging steel/embedded parts.
  • the production process of a typical prefabricated component production line in the prior art is: the prefabricated component that completes the entire production process is demolded at the demolding station (removal of the rib mold), and then the prefabricated component is hoisted , The prefabricated components are transferred to the finished product warehouse, and the remaining table molds are transferred along the first assembly line, and the mold cleaning, mold loading, steel bar layout, and embedded parts are embedded in sequence. During these operations, the table molds can be removed from The first-class waterline is transferred to the second assembly line through the ferry mechanism of the platform.
  • the background mold enters the cloth station for concrete pouring and vibrating, and after some post-casting treatment, it enters the curing kiln for curing, and the cured table mold Come to the demoulding station and complete a production cycle.
  • the existing production line only produces a single prefabricated component product, it can roughly ensure that each production process is in a controllable state, and the production plan can be arranged according to the average number of prefabricated components produced in a 24-hour period, and the production cycle will not be easily disrupted.
  • different types of prefabricated components need to be produced at the same time, especially personalized customized parts, it is difficult to coordinate the operation time of installing molds and arranging steel/embedded parts.
  • personalized customized parts are installed in molds. It takes several times longer than the assembly time of conventional prefabricated components, which will cause the production cycle of the subsequent conventional prefabricated components of personalized customized parts to be disrupted. The excessively slow tempo stations cause the production line to be congested and reduce the production line capacity.
  • the present invention provides a prefabricated component production line with a temporary storage function.
  • the specific technical solution is as follows.
  • a prefabricated component production line with temporary storage function characterized in that it includes a first assembly line, a second assembly line, a third assembly line, a fourth assembly line, a table mold ferry mechanism, a curing kiln, and a table mold temporary storage unit.
  • a distributing station is arranged on the assembly line, and a demolding station is arranged on the second assembly line. Both ends of the first assembly line are respectively connected with the curing kiln and the temporary storage unit of the platform.
  • the second assembly line One end is connected to the curing kiln, and the other end is connected to one end of the third assembly line;
  • the third assembly line is provided with at least one of a mold cleaning station, a mold loading station and a reinforcement station,
  • the fourth assembly line is provided with at least one of a mold cleaning station, a mold loading station, and a reinforcement station; one end of the fourth assembly line is connected to the temporary storage unit of the mold and the other end is connected to the third assembly line
  • the other end is connected by the table mold ferry mechanism; the table mold temporary storage unit is used to temporarily store the table mold after the rib cloth operation.
  • the above-mentioned technical solution of the present application adds a temporary storage unit for table molds, so that the production cycle of prefabricated components can be roughly divided into two areas with the temporary storage unit for table molds as the boundary, namely, the production cycle is not fixed area and Fixed area of production cycle.
  • the specific production process is roughly as follows: the table molds used to produce the prefabricated parts are cleaned up on the third assembly line and the fourth assembly line, after the table mold cleaning, rib mold installation, steel bar layout, and embedded parts placement, etc., from the fourth assembly line Transfer to the table mold temporary storage unit for temporary storage; due to the different types and sizes of prefabricated components, the above operations have large differences in time for different prefabricated components.
  • the time required for the embedded parts to be embedded can be considered uncertain, that is, the production rhythm of this part of the production line is uncertain.
  • the table mold in the table mold temporary storage unit can transfer a table mold to the first assembly line according to a certain time cycle (such as 15 minutes).
  • the table mold on the first assembly line performs concrete pouring and vibrating operations at the cloth station. After smoothing, smoothing, static curing, napping and other post-processing steps, it enters the curing kiln for curing.
  • the curing back-end mold and its prefabricated components are transferred to the second assembly line, and the sidewall mold removal and demolding are completed on the second assembly line Operation, the table mold used to produce prefabricated components is demolded at the demolding station of the second assembly line (the prefabricated components are lifted off the table mold) and transferred to the third assembly line to complete a production cycle; the first assembly line, maintenance
  • the operation time of the kiln and the second assembly line is almost not limited by the type and size of the prefabricated components.
  • Various types and sizes of prefabricated components can be produced on the first assembly line and the second assembly line at a set time interval.
  • the area formed by the first-rate water line, the maintenance kiln and the second assembly line can be called the fixed production cycle area.
  • the temporary storage unit of the table mold is used to accumulate and store a certain amount of table molds, which can ensure that the table molds are provided for the first assembly line uninterrupted for 24 hours, so as to ensure that the mold release station of the second assembly line follows the set beat (time Interval)
  • the finished prefabricated component is off-line, completely unaffected by the constantly changing types and sizes of prefabricated components, so that all operating procedures with unfixed production tempo are located upstream of the temporary storage unit of the table mold. In this case, only increase production is required
  • the production capacity of the unfixed zone ensures that there are enough table molds in the table mold temporary storage unit to continuously produce prefabricated components.
  • the table model temporary storage unit plays the role of "buffer storage", the adaptability of the production line is greatly improved, and the production of different types of customized prefabricated components will not cause the production line to block or reduce the efficiency.
  • first pipeline and the second pipeline are arranged in parallel; the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline are arranged in parallel. This helps reduce the footprint of the production line.
  • the table mold temporary storage unit includes a lifting and moving device and a plurality of accommodating spaces for accommodating the table molds.
  • third assembly lines there are more than two third assembly lines arranged in parallel, and the two ends of all the third assembly lines are connected by a table model ferry mechanism; the fourth assembly line is arranged in parallel with more than two assembly lines, and all the first assembly lines are arranged in parallel.
  • the two ends of the four assembly lines are connected by a table-model ferry mechanism.
  • This can increase the number of mold-cleaning stations, mold-loading stations, and rib-laying stations.
  • the table molds on multiple third assembly lines and multiple fourth assembly lines can be transferred to each other, which improves the production capacity in areas where the production cycle is not fixed, and ensures There are always enough table molds in the table mold temporary storage unit. This setting can reduce the number of personnel working in three shifts on the production line.
  • the large number of workers required for the mold cleaning station, the mold loading station and the reinforcement station can only work during the day, that is, the temporary storage unit of the table mold can be guaranteed when off work during the day.
  • the table molds in the table mold temporary storage unit at night are continuously transferred to the first assembly line at a fixed rhythm, so that only a small amount of the first assembly line and the second assembly line need to be arranged at night
  • the staff can realize the 24-hour uninterrupted production of the production line, and there is no need for all staff in all positions to perform three shifts.
  • the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline are both provided with more than two, and the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline are arranged at intervals, and the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline are composed of One group, one end of the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline in a group away from the temporary storage unit of the platform is connected by the temporary storage unit of the platform.
  • This can increase the number of mold-cleaning stations, mold-loading stations, and rib-laying stations.
  • the table molds on multiple third assembly lines and multiple fourth assembly lines can be transferred to each other, which improves the production capacity in areas where the production cycle is not fixed, and ensures There are always enough table molds in the table mold temporary storage unit. With this setting, part of the third and fourth assembly lines can be used to produce complex, special-shaped or customized prefabricated components. Even if the production efficiency is low at this stage, it will not block the entire production line or reduce the output efficiency of the entire production line. .
  • the first assembly line is provided with a cloth station, a leveling station and a post-processing station in sequence.
  • the distributing station is used to pour concrete and vibrate the concrete;
  • the leveling station is used to smooth the surface of the concrete prefabricated parts;
  • the post-processing stations include smoothing, static curing, and napping before entering the curing kiln.
  • the second assembly line is sequentially provided with a demolding station and a demolding station.
  • the demolding station the rib mold is removed, and the prefabricated component product is lifted off the table mold at the demolding station.
  • the second pipeline and/or the third pipeline are directly connected, and the second pipeline and/or the third pipeline passes through the temporary storage unit of the platform.
  • the second pipeline and the third pipeline are connected by a lifting and moving device of the temporary storage unit.
  • the second assembly line and the third assembly line are respectively connected with the table mold temporary storage unit, so that the table molds that have completed the demolding process on the second assembly line are automatically transferred to the table mold temporary storage unit for temporary storage during night production. After the staff of the third assembly line go to work, the empty table molds in the temporary storage unit of the table molds are transferred to the third assembly line for processing.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated component production line of embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated component production line of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated component production line of Example 1 of the present invention.
  • a prefabricated component production line with a temporary storage function is characterized by including a first assembly line 1, a second assembly line 2, a third assembly line 3, a fourth assembly line 4, a table model ferry mechanism 5, a maintenance kiln 6 and The temporary storage unit 7 of the mould, the first assembly line 1 is provided with a cloth station 8, the second assembly line 2 is provided with a demolding station 9, and both ends of the first assembly line 1 are connected to the maintenance
  • the kiln 6 is connected to the temporary storage unit 7 of the platform and the second assembly line 2 is connected to the curing kiln 6 at one end, and the other end is connected to one end of the third assembly line 3;
  • the third assembly line 3 is provided There is at least one of a mold cleaning station, a mold loading station, and a reinforcement station, and the fourth assembly line 4 is provided with at least one of a mold cleaning station, a mold loading station, and a reinforcement station;
  • One end of the fourth assembly line 4 is connected with the temporary storage unit 7 of the platform, and the other
  • the assembly line mainly includes two rows of parallel conveying and guiding mechanisms, such as two rows of rollers.
  • the drive motor can drive the rollers to rotate.
  • the rollers drive the lower table mold Can move along the pipeline.
  • the drive mechanism can also be driven by hydraulic jacking or sprocket dragging.
  • the table mold can be moved at a fixed distance at a fixed distance.
  • the movement rhythm time is calculated according to the production process time. This kind of component production process determines the execution time of each station and runs automatically.
  • the table mold ferry mechanism 5 is a mechanism for transferring table molds on adjacent assembly lines to each other.
  • the table model ferry mechanism can adopt a hoisting mechanism or a ferry car, and the ferry car is set on the ferry rail.
  • the table molds used for the production of prefabricated parts are transferred from the fourth pipeline 4 to the table after the table mold cleaning, rib mold installation, steel bar layout, and embedded parts placement are carried out on the third assembly line 3 and the fourth assembly line 4.
  • Temporary storage is carried out in the temporary storage unit 7; due to the different types and sizes of the prefabricated components, the above operations have large differences in time for different prefabricated components. Therefore, from cleaning the table to completing the reinforcement layout and the embedded parts
  • the time required for embedding can be considered uncertain, that is, the production tempo of this part of the production line is uncertain.
  • the table mold in the table mold temporary storage unit 7 can transfer a table mold to the first assembly line 1 according to a certain time beat (such as 15 minutes), and the table mold on the first assembly line 1 performs concrete pouring and After the vibrating operation, after smoothing, smoothing, static curing, napping and other post-processing procedures, it enters the curing kiln 6 for curing.
  • the curing background mold and its prefabricated components are transferred to the second line 2 and completed on the second line 2.
  • the table mold used to produce the prefabricated components is demolded at the demolding station of the second assembly line 2 (the prefabricated components are lifted off the table mold) and transferred to the third assembly line 3 to complete A production cycle; the operating time of the first assembly line, the curing kiln and the second assembly line is almost not limited by the type and size of the prefabricated components.
  • Various types and sizes of prefabricated components can be installed in the first assembly line and the second assembly line at a set time interval. Production is carried out on the second assembly line, that is, the area formed by the first assembly line, the maintenance kiln and the second assembly line can be referred to as a fixed production cycle area.
  • the temporary storage unit of the table mold is used to accumulate and store a certain amount of table molds, which can ensure that the table molds are provided for the first assembly line uninterrupted for 24 hours, so as to ensure that the mold release station of the second assembly line follows the set beat (time Interval)
  • the finished prefabricated component is off-line, completely unaffected by the constantly changing types and sizes of prefabricated components, so that all operating procedures with unfixed production tempo are located upstream of the temporary storage unit of the table mold. In this case, only increase production is required
  • the production capacity of the unfixed zone ensures that there are enough table molds in the table mold temporary storage unit to continuously produce prefabricated components.
  • the table model temporary storage unit plays the role of "buffer storage", the adaptability of the production line is greatly improved, and the production of different types of customized prefabricated components will not cause the production line to block or reduce the efficiency.
  • the first pipeline 1 and the second pipeline 2 are arranged in parallel; the third pipeline 3 and the fourth pipeline 4 are arranged in parallel. This helps to reduce the footprint of the production line, makes the production line more compact, and facilitates the parallel arrangement of multiple production lines.
  • the table mold temporary storage unit 7 includes a lifting and moving device 71 and a plurality of storage spaces for accommodating table molds.
  • the temporary storage unit of the Taiwan mold can use the maintenance device (maintenance kiln) disclosed in the patent documents (for example, the publication numbers are: CN109264276A, CN109159272A, CN109176855A, CN204136208U, CN203236582U, CN208697677U). Equipped with heating and moisturizing devices, the lifting and moving device can transfer the table mold to the containing cavity, and when the next step is required, it can be transferred from the containing space to the downstream of the production line.
  • the lifting and moving device is a maintenance kiln in the field It can drive the table mold to move in three directions (horizontal, longitudinal and vertical directions).
  • the temporary storage unit of the Taiwan Mould can also directly adopt the existing maintenance kiln.
  • the temporary storage unit of the Taiwan model ensures that the first assembly line can be produced according to the established production cycle.
  • the distributing station is used to pour concrete and vibrate the concrete;
  • the leveling station is used to smooth the surface of the concrete prefabricated parts;
  • the post-processing stations include smoothing, static curing, and napping before entering the curing kiln.
  • the second assembly line 2 is provided with a demolding station and a demolding station 9 in sequence.
  • the demolding station the rib mold is removed, and the prefabricated component product is lifted off the table mold at the demolding station.
  • the second pipeline 2 and/or the third pipeline 3 are directly connected, and the second pipeline 2 and/or the third pipeline 3 passes through the temporary storage unit 7.
  • the second pipeline 2 and the third pipeline 3 are connected by a lifting and moving device 71 of the temporary storage unit 7.
  • the second assembly line and the third assembly line are respectively connected with the table mold temporary storage unit, so that the table molds that have completed the demolding process on the second assembly line are automatically transferred to the table mold temporary storage unit for temporary storage during night production. After the staff of the third assembly line go to work, the empty table molds in the temporary storage unit of the table molds are transferred to the third assembly line for processing. It should be noted that when the second assembly line 2 and the third assembly line 3 are directly connected, they can be located on the side of the table mold temporary storage unit 7 instead of being located below the table mold temporary storage unit 7.
  • the large number of workers required for the mold cleaning station, the mold loading station and the reinforcement station can only work during the day, that is, the temporary storage unit of the table mold can be guaranteed when off work during the day.
  • the table molds in the table mold temporary storage unit at night are continuously transferred to the first assembly line at a fixed rhythm, so that only a small amount of the first assembly line and the second assembly line need to be arranged at night
  • the staff can realize the 24-hour uninterrupted production of the production line, and there is no need for all staff in all positions to perform three shifts.
  • the third pipeline 3 and the fourth pipeline 4 are both provided with two or more, and the third pipeline 3 and the fourth pipeline 4
  • the third pipeline 3 and the fourth pipeline 4 are arranged at intervals, and the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline in a group pass through the end of the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline away from the temporary storage unit.
  • the temporary storage unit of the station is connected. This can increase the number of mold-cleaning stations, mold-loading stations, and rib-laying stations.
  • the table molds on multiple third assembly lines and multiple fourth assembly lines can be transferred to each other, which improves the production capacity in areas where the production cycle is not fixed, and ensures There are always enough table molds in the table mold temporary storage unit. With this setting, part of the third and fourth assembly lines can be used to produce complex, special-shaped or customized prefabricated components. Even if the production efficiency is low at this stage, it will not block the entire production line or reduce the output efficiency of the entire production line. .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其包括第一流水线、第二流水线、第三流水线、第四流水线和台摸暂存单元，第一、第二流水线上分别设置有布料工位、脱模工位，第一流水线的两端分别与养护窑和台摸暂存单元衔接，第二流水线的一端与养护窑衔接，另一端与第三流水线的一端衔接；第三、第四流水线上用于设置清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位；第四流水线的一端与台摸暂存单元衔接，另一端与第三流水线的另一端通过台模摆渡机构进行衔接；台摸暂存单元用于暂时存放经过布筋操作之后台模。本发明提高了生产线的适应能力，即便是同时生产不同类型或尺寸的预制构件，也便于保证生产线的生产节拍，有利于安排生产计划。

Description

一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线 技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，属于预制构件生产技术领域。
背景技术
预制构件的流水线生产方式的特点是台模/钢台车(也就是工作平台)随着工艺顺序通过生产线的传送系统流动至每个工序对应的工位；每一个工位的操作人员和具体工作相对固定，例如，台模清理、挡边模具安装、预埋件预埋、钢筋摆放布置、混凝土浇筑、振捣等操作在固定位置由相对固定的人和设备来操作。这种生产工艺形式可降低劳动强度、提高生产效率，节省人工，因此目前国内预制构件生产企业对于预制外墙板和内墙板多采用流水线生产方式进行生产。
现有预制构件的生产工艺流程一般包括：清洁模具、喷油划线、安装模具、布置钢筋/预埋件、浇筑振捣混凝土、刮平混凝土、预养护、磨平、养护窑养护、脱模、吊装等等。
这些工序中，浇筑振捣混凝土、刮平混凝土、预养护、磨平、养护窑养护、脱模、吊装工位的操作(处理)时间节拍大致固定，不会因预制构件的形式、尺寸等因素产生较大的变化。但是安装模具和布置钢筋/预埋件工位的操作时间则会受到预制构件的形式、尺寸的不同而差异巨大，尤其是对于具体施工项目个性化定制的定制件，其非常规的外形往往将延长安装模具和布置钢筋/预埋件工位的操作时间。如图1所示，现有技术中的比较典型的预制构件生产线的生产工序为：完成全部生产流程的预制构件在脱模工位进行脱模(拆除挡边模具)，然后对预制构件进行吊装，预制构件转移至成品库中，留下来的台模沿着第一流水线转移，依次进行清模、装模、钢筋布置、预埋件预埋操作，在这些操作过程中，可以将台模从第一流水线通过台摸摆渡机构转移到第二流水线上，完成以上操作后台模进入布料工位进行混凝土浇筑并振捣，再进行一些浇筑后处理之后进入养护窑中进行养护，养护后的台模来到脱模工位，完成一次生产循环。
现有的生产线如果只是生产单一的预制构件产品，大致能够保证每一个生产工序的处于可控状态，能够按照24小时平均生产多少数量的预制构件进行生产计划安排，生产节拍不易被打乱。但是当需要同时生产不同类型的预制构件时，尤其是个性化的定制件时，由于安装模具和布置钢筋/预埋件工位的操作时间难以协调到一致，比如个性化的定制件在安装模具时需要比常规预制构件的装模时间多出几倍，这将导致个性化的定制件后续的常规预制构件生产节拍被打乱，过慢节拍工位使生产线出现拥堵，降低了生产线产能。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，具体技术方案如下。
一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，包括第一流水线、第二流水线、第三流水线、第四流水线、台模摆渡机构、养护窑和台摸暂存单元，所述第一流水线上设置有布料工位，所述第二流水线上设置有脱模工位，所述第一流水线的两端分别与所述养护窑和所述台摸暂存单元衔接，所述第二流水线的一端与所述养护窑衔接，另一端与所述第三流水线的一端衔接；所述第三流水线上设置有清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位中的至少一种，所述第四流水线上设置有清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位中的至少一种；所述第四流水线的一端与所述台摸暂存单元衔接，另一端与所述第三流水线的另一端通过所述台模摆渡机构进行衔接；所述台摸暂存单元用于暂时存放经过布筋操作之后台模。
本申请的上述技术方案相比于现有技术增加了台摸暂存单元，使得预制构件的生产循环过程以台模暂存单元为界限可以大致分为两个区域，即生产节拍不固定区和生产节拍固定区。具体生产过程大致为：用于生产预制构件的台模在第三流水线、第四流水线上依次进行台模清理、挡边模具安装、钢筋布置，预埋件放置等操作后，从第四流水线上转移到台模暂存单元中进行暂存；由于预制构件的类型以及尺寸的不同，上述操作针对不同的预制构件在时间上存在较大的差异，因此，从清理台模到完成钢筋布置、预埋件预埋所需要的时间可以认为是不确定的，即生产线的这部分区域的生产节拍是不定的。台模暂存单元中的台模可以按照一定的时间节拍(比如15分钟)转运出一个台模到第一流水线上，第一流水线上的台模在布料工位进行混凝土浇筑和振捣操作，然后经过抹平、磨平、静养、拉毛等后处理工序之后进入养护窑中进行养护，养护后台模及其预制构件转移到第二流水线上，在第二流水线上完成挡边模具拆除和脱模操作，用于生产预制构件的台模在第二流水线的脱模工位处进行脱模处理后(预制构件吊离台模)转移到第三流水线上，完成一个生产循环；第一流水线、养护窑和第二流水线上的操作时间几乎不受预制构件类型和尺寸的限制，各种类型和尺寸的预制构件都可以按照设定的时间间隔在第一流水线和第二流水线上进行生产，即第一流水线、养护窑和第二流水线形成的区域可以称为生产节拍固定区。台摸暂存单元用于累计存储一定量的台模，可以保证24h不间断地为第一流水线提供台模，这样就可以保证在第二流水线的脱模工位处按照设定的节拍(时间间隔)下线预制构件成品，完全不受不断变化的预制构件类型和尺寸的影响，使得生产节拍不固定的操作工序全部位于台模暂存单元的上游，在这种情况下只需要加大生产节拍不固定区的生产能 力，保证台摸暂存单元中具有足够的台模即可连续不断地进行预制构件生产。台模暂存单元起到了“缓存蓄水”的作用，生产线的适应能力大大提高，生产不同类型的定制化预制构件也不会导致生产线堵塞或者效率降低。
进一步地，所述第一流水线和所述第二流水线平行设置；所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线平行设置。这样有利于减小生产线的占地面积。
进一步地，所述台摸暂存单元包括有升降移动装置和若干个用于容纳台模的容纳空间。
进一步地，所述第三流水线平行并列设置有两条以上，全部所述第三流水线的两端通过台模摆渡机构进行衔接；所述第四流水线平行并列设置有两条以上，全部所述第四流水线的两端通过台模摆渡机构进行衔接。这样能够增加清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位的数量，多个第三流水线和多个第四流水线上的台模可以相互转移，提升了生产节拍不固定区的生产能力，保证台模暂存单元中始终有足够多的台模。如此设置，可以减少生产线上三班倒的人员数量，清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位需要的大量工作人员可只在白天工作，即白天下班时就能够保证台模暂存单元中有足够生产线夜晚生产所需要的台模数量，夜晚台模暂存单元中的台模源源不断地按照固定节拍转移至第一流水线上，这样夜晚只需要在第一流水线、第二流水线安排少量的工作人员即可实现生产线的24小时不间断生产，而且不需要所有岗位的工作人员都进行三班倒。
进一步地，所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线均设置有两条以上，且所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线间隔设置，一条所述第三流水线和一条所述第四流水线组成一组，一组内的所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线远离所述台摸暂存单元的一端通过所述台摸暂存单元进行衔接。这样能够增加清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位的数量，多个第三流水线和多个第四流水线上的台模可以相互转移，提升了生产节拍不固定区的生产能力，保证台模暂存单元中始终有足够多的台模。如此设置，可以将部分组的第三流水线和第四流水线专门用来生产复杂、异形或定制化预制构件，即便其在这个阶段生产效率低下也不会阻塞整个生产线或者降低整个生产线的产出效率。
进一步地，所述第一流水线上依次设置有布料工位、刮平工位和后处理工位。布料工位是用来浇筑混凝土、振捣混凝土的；刮平工位用来将混凝土预制构件表面刮平；后处理工位包括磨平、静养、拉毛等入养护窑前的处理工位。
进一步地，所述第二流水线上依次设置有拆模工位和脱模工位。在拆模工位进行挡边模具拆除，在脱模工位将预制构件产品吊离台模。
进一步地，所述第二流水线和/或所述第三流水线直接进行衔接，且所述第二流水线和/或所述第三流水线下穿所述台摸暂存单元。或者，所述第二流水线和所述第三流水线通过所述台摸暂存单元的升降移动装置进行衔接。第二流水线和第三流水线分别与台模暂存单元衔接，可以使得在夜晚生产时，在第二流水线上完成脱模处理的台模自动转移到台摸暂存单元中暂存，待第二天第三流水线的工作人员上班后，在将台模暂存单元中的空台模转移至第三流水线上进行处理。
本发明相比于现有技术具有以下有益效果。
1、提高了生产线的适应能力，即便是同时生产不同类型或尺寸的预制构件，也能够保证生产线不发生阻塞，确保生产效率。
2、保证了生产线的成品生产的节拍一致性，便于安排生产计划。
3、在生产线24小时不间断生产的情况下，可以在晚间解放部分工位的劳动力，减少三班倒的工作人员数量，降低了劳动强度。
4、通过台模暂存单元的运转、存储，将不同生产节拍的工序实现相同标准的生产节拍，避免较长生产工序工位拥堵较短的生产工序工位，解决了定制化产品生产节拍不均衡的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的预制构件生产线示意图；
图2是本发明实施例1的预制构件生产线示意图；
图3是本发明实施例1的预制构件生产线示意图。
图中：第一流水线1、第二流水线2、第三流水线3、第四流水线4、台模摆渡机构5、养护窑6、台摸暂存单元7、升降移动装置71、布料工位8、脱模工位9。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
参见图1，一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，包括第一流水线1、第二流水线2、第三流水线3、第四流水线4、台模摆渡机构5、养护窑6和台摸暂存单元7，所述第一流水线1上设置有布料工位8，所述第二流水线2上设置有脱模工位9，所述第一流水线1的两端分别与所述养护窑6和所述台摸暂存单元7衔接，所述第二流水线2的一端与所述养护窑6衔接，另一端与所述第三流水线3的一端衔接；所述第三流水线3上设置有清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位中的至少一种，所述第四流水线4上设置有清模工位、装模工位和布筋工 位中的至少一种；所述第四流水线4的一端与所述台摸暂存单元7衔接，另一端与所述第三流水线3的另一端通过所述台模摆渡机构5进行衔接；所述台摸暂存单元7用于暂时存放经过布筋操作之后台模。
流水线主要包括两列相互平行的输送导向机构，如两列滚轮，驱动电机可驱动该滚轮转动，当用于生产预制构件的台模(钢台车)放置在流水线上，在滚轮的驱动下台模可以沿着流水线移动。需要说明的是：台模在流水线上的驱动不限于滚轮驱动，驱动机构也可以采用液压顶进或链轮拖拉方式传动，定时定距离移动台模，移动节奏时间根据生产工艺时间计算，根据每种构件生产工艺决定每个工位执行工序时间，自动运行。
台模摆渡机构5是为了将相邻流水线上的台模进行相互转移的机构。台模摆渡机构可采用吊装机构或者摆渡小车，摆渡小车设置在摆渡导轨上。
用于生产预制构件的台模在第三流水线3、第四流水线4上依次进行台模清理、挡边模具安装、钢筋布置，预埋件放置等操作后，从第四流水线4上转移到台模暂存单元7中进行暂存；由于预制构件的类型以及尺寸的不同，上述操作针对不同的预制构件在时间上存在较大的差异，因此，从清理台模到完成钢筋布置、预埋件预埋所需要的时间可以认为是不确定的，即生产线的这部分区域的生产节拍是不定的。台模暂存单元7中的台模可以按照一定的时间节拍(比如15分钟)转运出一个台模到第一流水线1上，第一流水线1上的台模在布料工位8进行混凝土浇筑和振捣操作，然后经过抹平、磨平、静养、拉毛等后处理工序之后进入养护窑6中进行养护，养护后台模及其预制构件转移到第二流水线2上，在第二流水线2上完成挡边模具拆除和脱模操作，用于生产预制构件的台模在第二流水线2的脱模工位处进行脱模处理后(预制构件吊离台模)转移到第三流水线3上，完成一个生产循环；第一流水线、养护窑和第二流水线上的操作时间几乎不受预制构件类型和尺寸的限制，各种类型和尺寸的预制构件都可以按照设定的时间间隔在第一流水线和第二流水线上进行生产，即第一流水线、养护窑和第二流水线形成的区域可以称为生产节拍固定区。台摸暂存单元用于累计存储一定量的台模，可以保证24h不间断地为第一流水线提供台模，这样就可以保证在第二流水线的脱模工位处按照设定的节拍(时间间隔)下线预制构件成品，完全不受不断变化的预制构件类型和尺寸的影响，使得生产节拍不固定的操作工序全部位于台模暂存单元的上游，在这种情况下只需要加大生产节拍不固定区的生产能力，保证台摸暂存单元中具有足够的台模即可连续不断地进行预制构件生产。台模暂存单元起到了“缓存蓄水”的作用，生产线的适应能力大大提高，生产不同类型的定制化预制构件也不会导致生产线堵塞或者效率降低。
第一流水线1和第二流水线2平行设置；第三流水线3和第四流水线4平行设置。这样有利于减小生产线的占地面积，使得生产线比较紧凑，也便于多条生产线并列设置。
台摸暂存单元7包括有升降移动装置71和若干个用于容纳台模的容纳空间。例如台摸暂存单元可以采用专利文献(比如公开号为：CN109264276A、CN109159272A、CN109176855A、CN204136208U、CN203236582U、CN208697677U的专利文献)中公开的养护装置(养护窑)，作为台摸暂存单元可以不需要设置加热、保湿装置，升降移动装置能够将台模转移至容纳空腔中，并在需要进行下一步工序时，能够从该容纳空间中向生产线的下游进行转移，升降移动装置是本领域养护窑中的常规装置，其可以带动台模进行三个方向(横向、纵向和竖直方向)上的移动。当然，台摸暂存单元也可以直接采用现有的养护窑。台摸暂存单元保证了第一流水线上能够按照既定的生产节拍进行生产。
第一流水线1上依次设置有布料工位8、刮平工位和后处理工位。布料工位是用来浇筑混凝土、振捣混凝土的；刮平工位用来将混凝土预制构件表面刮平；后处理工位包括磨平、静养、拉毛等入养护窑前的处理工位。
第二流水线2上依次设置有拆模工位和脱模工位9。在拆模工位进行挡边模具拆除，在脱模工位将预制构件产品吊离台模。
第二流水线2和/或所述第三流水线3直接进行衔接，且所述第二流水线2和/或所述第三流水线3下穿所述台摸暂存单元7。或者，所述第二流水线2和所述第三流水线3通过所述台摸暂存单元7的升降移动装置71进行衔接。第二流水线和第三流水线分别与台模暂存单元衔接，可以使得在夜晚生产时，在第二流水线上完成脱模处理的台模自动转移到台摸暂存单元中暂存，待第二天第三流水线的工作人员上班后，在将台模暂存单元中的空台模转移至第三流水线上进行处理。需要说明的是，第二流水线2和所述第三流水线3直接进行衔接时，可以位于所述台模暂存单元7的的侧面，而不是必须位于台模暂存单元7的下方。
实施例2
参见图2，在其他结构与实施例1相同的基础上，所述第三流水线3平行并列设置有两条以上，全部所述第三流水线3的两端通过台模摆渡机构5进行衔接；第四流水线4平行并列设置有两条以上，全部所述第四流水线4的两端通过台模摆渡机构进行衔接。这样能够增加清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位的数量，多个第三流水线和多个第四流水线上的台模可以相互转移，提升了生产节拍不固定区的生产能力，保证台模暂存单元中始终有足够多的台模。如此设置，可以减少生产线上三班倒的人员数量，清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位需要的大量工作人员可 只在白天工作，即白天下班时就能够保证台模暂存单元中有足够生产线夜晚生产所需要的台模数量，夜晚台模暂存单元中的台模源源不断地按照固定节拍转移至第一流水线上，这样夜晚只需要在第一流水线、第二流水线安排少量的工作人员即可实现生产线的24小时不间断生产，而且不需要所有岗位的工作人员都进行三班倒。
实施例3
参见图3，在其他结构与实施例1相同的基础上，所述第三流水线3和所述第四流水线4均设置有两条以上，且所述第三流水线3和所述第四流水线4间隔设置，一条所述第三流水线3和一条所述第四流水线4组成一组，一组内的所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线远离所述台摸暂存单元的一端通过所述台摸暂存单元进行衔接。这样能够增加清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位的数量，多个第三流水线和多个第四流水线上的台模可以相互转移，提升了生产节拍不固定区的生产能力，保证台模暂存单元中始终有足够多的台模。如此设置，可以将部分组的第三流水线和第四流水线专门用来生产复杂、异形或定制化预制构件，即便其在这个阶段生产效率低下也不会阻塞整个生产线或者降低整个生产线的产出效率。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是局限性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。

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  1. 一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，包括第一流水线、第二流水线、第三流水线、第四流水线、台模摆渡机构、养护窑和台摸暂存单元，所述第一流水线上设置有布料工位，所述第二流水线上设置有脱模工位，所述第一流水线的两端分别与所述养护窑和所述台摸暂存单元衔接，所述第二流水线的一端与所述养护窑衔接，另一端与所述第三流水线的一端衔接；所述第三流水线上设置有清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位中的至少一种，所述第四流水线上设置有清模工位、装模工位和布筋工位中的至少一种；所述第四流水线的一端与所述台摸暂存单元衔接，另一端与所述第三流水线的另一端通过所述台模摆渡机构进行衔接；所述台摸暂存单元用于暂时存放经过布筋操作之后台模。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述第一流水线和所述第二流水线平行设置；所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线平行设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述台摸暂存单元包括有升降移动装置和若干个用于容纳台模的容纳空间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述第三流水线平行并列设置有两条以上，全部所述第三流水线的两端通过台模摆渡机构进行衔接；所述第四流水线平行并列设置有两条以上，全部所述第四流水线的两端通过台模摆渡机构进行衔接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线均设置有两条以上，且所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线间隔设置，一条所述第三流水线和一条所述第四流水线组成一组，一组内的所述第三流水线和所述第四流水线远离所述台摸暂存单元的一端通过所述台摸暂存单元进行衔接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述第一流水线上依次设置有布料工位、刮平工位和后处理工位。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述第二流水线上依次设置有拆模工位和脱模工位。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述第二流水线和/或所述第三流水线直接进行衔接，且所述第二流水线和/或所述第三流水线下穿所述台摸暂存单元。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有暂存功能的预制构件生产线，其特征在于，所述第二流水线和所述第三流水线通过所述台摸暂存单元的升降移动装置进行衔接。
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