WO2020224377A1 - 阻燃半芳香聚酰胺及其制备方法 - Google Patents
阻燃半芳香聚酰胺及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020224377A1 WO2020224377A1 PCT/CN2020/084264 CN2020084264W WO2020224377A1 WO 2020224377 A1 WO2020224377 A1 WO 2020224377A1 CN 2020084264 W CN2020084264 W CN 2020084264W WO 2020224377 A1 WO2020224377 A1 WO 2020224377A1
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- 0 OC(*CCP(c1ccccc1)(O)=O)=O Chemical compound OC(*CCP(c1ccccc1)(O)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/42—Polyamides containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of new polymer materials, in particular to a flame-retardant semi-aromatic polyamide and a preparation method thereof.
- Polyamide is the most widely used engineering plastic. It has important applications in the fields of electronic appliances and home appliances. However, the flammability of polyamide itself greatly limits the application and promotion of polyamide. Therefore, the flame retardant modification of polyamide is very important. significance.
- the flame retardant modification methods of polyamide mainly include copolymer flame retardant modification, blending flame retardant modification and post-treatment flame retardant modification.
- the most widely used method is the method of blending flame retardant modification.
- flame retardants are usually small molecules, microphase separation is likely to occur in the blending system with polyamide, which damages the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of the material, and limits
- the flame-retardant polyamide is especially used in the field of precision components such as electronic appliances.
- the method of post-treatment flame retardant modification is only limited to polyamide fiber, and the application field is very limited.
- the method of in-situ copolymerization flame retardant modification refers to the reaction type flame retardant is connected to the polyamide chain through chemical bonds to achieve molecular level modification. There is no migration, agglomeration and precipitation of the flame retardant, and it has intrinsic flame retardant characteristic.
- Chinese patent 2013102079850 discloses a halogen-free flame-retardant nylon 66 polymer, in which the method firstly copolymerizes a reactive flame retardant DOPO derivative with a dibasic acid or a diamine to form a salt, and then the salt is formed with The nylon 66 salt undergoes a copolymerization reaction to obtain a halogen-free flame-retardant nylon 66 polymer.
- Chinese patent 2015106245312 discloses a dual-phosphorus flame-retardant copolymer nylon: the intermediate dual-phosphorus organic phosphonium ammonium salt synthesized by phosphine oxide-based diamine and phosphine oxide-based glycol is copolymerized with nylon 66 salt to prepare dual-phosphorus flame-retardant Copolymer nylon.
- the above-mentioned patented technology is limited to the synthesis of in-situ copolymerized flame-retardant materials of nylon 66, and no in-situ copolymerized flame-retardant materials suitable for semi-aromatic polyamide systems and corresponding high-temperature polymerization methods have been developed.
- the above-mentioned in-situ copolymerized flame-retardant nylon 66 has a much lower mechanical properties than ordinary nylon 66, and cannot meet the demand for high-strength products.
- Chinese patent 2015106604531 discloses a flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant nylon copolymer, which uses a reactive flame retardant bis(p-carboxyphenyl)phenyl phosphine oxide to obtain nylon salt and common nylon salt for copolymerization to obtain flame retardant Polyamide products.
- Chinese patent 2017112299959 discloses a permanent halogen-free flame-retardant PA10T polyamide resin, which uses salt formation, prepolymerization, and solid phase polymerization to embed 1,1,3,5-tetraphenylaminocyclotriphosphazene in polyamide .
- the above process requires that the reactive flame-retardant monomer DDP is first synthesized into a flame-retardant precursor to improve the stability of the reactive flame-retardant monomer during the polymerization process.
- the increased pretreatment steps will lead to an increase in process costs and reduce the market competitiveness of products.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a flame-retardant semi-aromatic polyamide, which has the advantages of good flame-retardant and mechanical properties, high whiteness, and resistance to yellowing under high temperature conditions.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above flame-retardant semi-aromatic polyamide, which has simple process steps and low production cost.
- Diamine monomer B one or more of the diamine monomers containing 4-36 carbon atoms;
- Phosphorus-based flame-retardant monomers with diacid functional groups and aromatic ring structures have at least one of the following structural formulas:
- Structural formula 1 Structural formula 2:
- Phosphorus-based flame-retardant monomers with diacid functional groups and aromatic ring structures are easily decomposed at high temperatures to cause yellowing of the material.
- the flame-retardant semi-aromatic polyamide of the present invention adjusts the content of each monomer to obtain a white product.
- the temperature is high, and it is not easy to yellow under high temperature conditions.
- the content of A2 is 1.5-8.5 mol% of all the diacid monomers.
- the mechanical properties, whiteness and high temperature yellowing resistance can be further improved.
- the other diacid monomers are selected from at least one of aliphatic diacids or aromatic diacids.
- the aliphatic diacid is selected from oxalic acid, malonic acid, 1,4-succinic acid, 1,5-glutaric acid, 1,6-adipic acid, 1,7-pimelic acid, 1 ,8-Suberic acid, 2-Methyl suberic acid, 1,9-Azelaic acid, 1,10-Sebacic acid, 1,11-Undecanedioic acid, 1,12-Dodecanedioic acid One or more of 1,13-tridecanedioic acid, 1,14-tetradecanedioic acid, and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid;
- the aromatic diacid is selected from at least one of isophthalic acid and naphthalene diacid.
- the other diacid is selected from at least one of isophthalic acid and 1,6-adipic acid.
- the diamine monomer B is selected from 1,4-butanediamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, 1,7-heptanediamine, 1,8-octanediamine, 1,9-nonane diamine, 1,11-undecane diamine, 1,12-dodecane diamine, 1,14-tetradecane diamine, 1,16-hexadecane diamine, 1, 18-octadecane diamine, 1-butyl-1,2-ethylenediamine, 1,1-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 1-ethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 1,2-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 1,3-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 1,4-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 2, 3-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-1, 6-hex
- the diamine monomer B is selected from at least one of 1,10-decane diamine and 1,6-hexamethylene diamine.
- the above-mentioned preparation method of flame-retardant semi-aromatic polyamide includes the following steps: weighing diacid monomer A, diamine monomer B, catalyst (may be sodium hypophosphite), and deionized water into a high temperature and high pressure reactor, After filling and ventilating to make the atmosphere in the kettle nitrogen, the temperature is increased to 160-180°C, the reaction is held at a constant temperature for 0.5 hours, the temperature is continued to rise to 200-210°C, and the reaction is held at a constant temperature for 0.5 hours, and the temperature is increased to 240-250°C, and the reaction is held at a constant temperature for 1 hour.
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
- the flame-retardant semi-aromatic polyamide of the present invention has good flame-retardant properties by in-situ copolymerization of specific phosphorus-based flame-retardant monomers with diacid functional groups and aromatic ring structures in the semi-aromatic polyamide segment. It has the advantages of good mechanical properties, high whiteness and high temperature yellowing resistance. By adjusting the molar ratio of the phosphorus-based flame-retardant monomer having a diacid functional group and containing an aromatic ring structure to the diacid monomer A, the whiteness and high-temperature yellowing resistance are further improved.
- the preparation method of the present invention does not require pretreatment of the phosphorus-based flame-retardant monomers with diacid functional groups and aromatic ring structures to ensure the smooth progress of the polymerization reaction.
- the gradient heating process can improve the flame-retardant monomers.
- the stability of the body during the polymerization process, the in-situ copolymerization flame-retardant semi-aromatic polyamide with intrinsic flame-retardant properties, excellent mechanical properties, high whiteness and good high-temperature yellowing resistance is obtained.
- the sources of raw materials used in the present invention are as follows:
- BCPPO bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phenyl phosphine oxide
- CEPPA 3-hydroxyphenylphosphonopropionic acid
- CEMPO Bis (2-carboxyethyl) methyl phosphine oxide
- MCA Cyanuric acid
- the preparation method of the polyamide of the embodiment and the comparative example Weigh the diacid monomer A, the diamine monomer B, sodium hypophosphite, and deionized water into the high temperature and high pressure reactor according to the distribution ratio of each component in Table 1-4. After filling and ventilating to make the atmosphere in the kettle nitrogen, the temperature is increased to 160-180°C, the reaction is held at a constant temperature for 0.5 hours, the temperature is continued to rise to 200-210°C, and the reaction is held at a constant temperature for 0.5 hours, and the temperature is increased to 240-250°C, and the reaction is held at a constant temperature for 1 hour. Drain for about 0.5 hours, discharge and granulate.
- End groups use a potentiometric titrator to determine the polymer end amino group and end carboxyl group content. Weigh 0.45g of polyamide, add 50mL of preheated and melted o-cresol and heat to reflux until the sample is dissolved. After cooling to 50°C in a water tank at 50°C, add 0.5mL formaldehyde solution, put the magnetic stirring solution into the The electrode test part of the automatic potentiometric titrator is immersed in the solution, and the carboxyl group data of the test terminal is titrated with the calibrated KOH-ethanol solution.
- Relative viscosity With reference to the standard GB/T 12006.1-1989, the Ubbelohde viscometer is used to measure the relative viscosity of the product at a concentration of 0.25g/dL in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid at (25 ⁇ 0.01)°C.
- the present invention judges the molecular weight of the polyamide according to the content of the end group and the relative viscosity of the polyamide. Under the premise of the same monomer, if the relative viscosity and the content of the end group are similar, the molecular weight of the polyamide is similar.
- Notched impact strength/unnotched impact strength Refer to the standard ISO 180 to test the impact strength of resin materials.
- Limiting oxygen index Measured with reference to the standard GB/T5454-1997, the sample size is 12cm ⁇ 1cm ⁇ 0.4cm.
- Gantz whiteness take 3kg of polymer injection molding to obtain a smooth color plate, the specification is 50*30*2mm, and place it in the Color-Eye7000A computer color measuring instrument to obtain the Gantz whiteness W value, which reflects the color of the polymer , The higher the value, the whiter the product, the better.
- Examples 1-5 that the present invention selects specific phosphorus-based flame-retardant monomers with diacid functional groups and aromatic ring structures.
- the flame-retardant effect, flame-retardant effect and mechanical properties are good, and Ganzbai The whiteness is high, and the effect of high temperature yellowing resistance is good.
- the flame-retardant monomer is BCPPO.
- the Gantz whiteness is slightly increased, but the mechanical properties and high-temperature yellowing resistance are greatly reduced. .
- Example 11 and Comparative Example 9 that the content of terephthalic acid in the diacid monomer A is too low, which not only reduces the flame retardant performance and mechanical properties, but also decreases the Gantz whiteness and high temperature yellowing resistance.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,所述的具有双酸官能团且含有芳香环结构的磷系阻燃单体选自3-羟基苯膦酰丙酸或者结构式2的n=0-4任一数且m=0-4任一数中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,二酸单体A中,A2的含量为1.5-8.5mol%。
- 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,所述的其他二酸单体选自脂肪族二酸或者芳香族二酸中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求4所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,所述的脂肪族二酸选自乙二酸、丙二酸、1,4-丁二酸、1,5-戊二酸、1,6-己二酸、1,7-庚二酸、1,8-辛二酸、2-甲基辛二酸、1,9-壬二酸、1,10-癸二酸、1,11-十一烷二酸、1,12-十二烷二酸、1,13-十三烷二酸、1,14-十四烷二酸、环己烷二甲酸中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求4所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,所述的芳香族二酸选自间苯二甲酸、萘二酸中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求4所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,所述的其他二酸选自间苯二甲酸、1,6-己二酸中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,所述的二胺单体B选自1,4-丁二胺、1,5-戊二胺、1,6-己二胺、1,7-庚二胺、1,8-辛二胺、1,9-壬二胺、1,10-癸二胺、1,11-十一烷二胺、1,12-十二烷二胺、1,14-十四烷二胺、1,16-十六烷二胺、1,18-十八烷二胺、1-丁基-1,2-乙二胺、1,1-二甲基-1,4-丁二胺、1-乙基-1,4-丁二胺、1,2-二甲基-1,4-丁二胺、1,3-二甲基-1,4-丁二胺、1,4-二甲基-1,4-丁二胺、2,3-二甲基-1,4-丁二胺、2-甲基-1,5-戊二胺、3-甲基-1,5-戊二胺、2,5-二甲基-1,6-己二胺、2,4-二甲基-1,6-己二胺、3,3-二甲基-1,6-己二胺、2,2-二甲基-1,6-己二胺、2,2,4-三甲基-1,6-己二胺、2,4,4-三甲基-1,6-己二胺、2,4-二乙基-1,6-己二胺、2,2-二甲基-1,7-庚二胺、2,3-二甲基-1,7-庚二胺、2,4-二甲基-1,7-庚二胺、2,5-二甲基-1,7-庚二胺、2-甲基-1,8-辛二胺、3-甲基-1,8-辛二胺、4-甲基-1,8-辛二胺、1,3-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、1,4-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、2,4-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、3,4-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、4,5-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、2,2-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、3,3-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、4,4-二甲基-1,8-辛二胺、5-甲基-1,9-壬二胺中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求8所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺,其特征在于,所述的二胺单体B选自1,10-癸二胺、1,6-己二胺中的至少一种。
- 权利要求1-9任一项所述的阻燃半芳香聚酰胺的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:称量二酸单体A、二胺单体B、催化剂、去离子水加入高温高压反应釜中,充换气使釜内气氛为氮气后,升温到160-180℃,恒温反应0.5小时,继续升温到200-210℃,并恒温反应0.5小时,继续升温至240-250℃,恒温反应1小时,排水约0.5小时,出料,造粒;将造粒物料投入转鼓中,抽真空,使压力低于3000Pa,升温至230-260℃,反应3小时,停止加热,待温度回到室温后,出料,得到阻燃半芳香聚酰胺。
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CN111777912B (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-01-11 | 咸阳新伟华绝缘材料有限公司 | 一种阻燃和柔韧兼备的环氧树脂组合物及其制备方法 |
CN114989421A (zh) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种改性聚酰胺材料及其制备方法、纤维 |
CN115160562B (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-05-21 | 濮阳市盛通聚源新材料有限公司 | 含磷阻燃耐高温共聚型尼龙及其制备方法 |
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