WO2020222302A1 - 新規医薬組成物 - Google Patents
新規医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020222302A1 WO2020222302A1 PCT/JP2020/017690 JP2020017690W WO2020222302A1 WO 2020222302 A1 WO2020222302 A1 WO 2020222302A1 JP 2020017690 W JP2020017690 W JP 2020017690W WO 2020222302 A1 WO2020222302 A1 WO 2020222302A1
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- citric acid
- administration
- pharmaceutical composition
- anemia
- weeks
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/194—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having two or more carboxyl groups, e.g. succinic, maleic or phthalic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/06—Antianaemics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel pharmaceutical compositions comprising citric acid, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of citric acid, or hydrates thereof or mixtures thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for suppressing acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease accompanied by anemia, for suppressing anemia, for suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration, or for suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration. ..
- the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-86945 filed in Japan on April 28, 2019, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-119297 filed in Japan on June 27, 2019. , The contents are used here.
- CKD chronic kidney disease
- GFR glomerular filtration rate
- CVD cardiovascular disease
- Non-Patent Document 1 Advanced in CKD patients bicarbonate ions in blood (HCO 3 -) concentration is lowered, since the developing metabolic acidosis, alkaline agents such as sodium bicarbonate and citric acid formulation is administered. It has been reported that the progress of CKD is suppressed by administration of sodium hydrogen carbonate, which is an alkalizing agent (Non-Patent Document 1). Further, in a nephrotic animal model caused by protein overload, it has been reported that oral administration of sodium hydrogen carbonate suppresses tubular cell damage due to acidic urine (Non-Patent Document 2). It is also known that administration of an alkalizing agent to early-stage CKD patients suppresses the progression of renal damage and reduces the blood concentration of uremic substances (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- One of the challenges of the present invention is the treatment or prevention of acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease with anemia, which comprises citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- anemia which comprises citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a medicine useful for suppressing anemia (for example, suppressing renal anemia, suppressing iron deficiency anemia).
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a drug useful for suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration or suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration.
- Another object of the present invention is for suppressing acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease accompanied by anemia, for suppressing anemia (for example, for suppressing renal anemia, for suppressing iron deficiency anemia), and for suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration. Or, to provide a food for suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration.
- the present inventors have found that a composition containing ferritin, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of ferritin, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof is found.
- the drug suppresses acidosis or anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease with anemia or patients with acute kidney disease with anemia.
- it is useful for (for example, suppression of renal anemia and suppression of iron deficiency anemia), and completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides, in one aspect, a pharmaceutical composition for anemia control comprising citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- the present invention in one aspect, comprises a patient with chronic kidney disease with anemia or a patient with acute kidney disease with anemia, which comprises citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- the present invention comprises citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof, for suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration as compared with sodium hydrogen carbonate.
- a pharmaceutical composition for suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration as compared with sodium hydrogen carbonate comprises a patient with chronic kidney disease with anemia or a patient with acute kidney disease with anemia, which comprises citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- a patient with chronic kidney disease with anemia or a patient with acute kidney disease with anemia which comprises citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- the present invention contains citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof, or a mixture thereof, which suppresses a decrease in blood iron concentration as compared with sodium hydrogen carbonate, or Provided is a food material useful for suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration as compared with sodium hydrogen carbonate.
- the pharmaceutical composition or food composition provided by the present invention it is possible to suppress a decrease in blood iron concentration as compared with sodium hydrogen carbonate or a decrease in blood ferritin concentration as compared with sodium hydrogen carbonate in mammals. is there.
- the pharmaceutical composition, food composition, or the like provided by the present invention can suppress acidosis in a chronic kidney disease patient with anemia or an acute kidney disease patient with anemia, or suppress anemia in mammals.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may contain citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, a hydrate thereof, or a mixture thereof as an active ingredient.
- pharmaceutically acceptable salts of citric acid include alkali metal citrate salts.
- the alkali metal citrate salt include tripotassium citrate (hereinafter referred to as potassium citrate) and trisodium citrate (hereinafter referred to as sodium citrate), each of which is one of the stable potassium citrates. It may be a hydrate such as a hydrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) and a dihydrate of sodium citrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2 H 2 O). .
- Examples of citric acid include, but are not limited to, anhydrous citric acid.
- Examples of preferable active ingredients contained in the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention include sodium citrate, potassium citrate or a hydrate thereof, or a mixture thereof, and examples thereof include a monohydrate of potassium citrate. It may be a mixture of (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) and sodium citrate dihydrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2 H 2 O).
- the mixing ratio of potassium citrate monohydrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) and sodium citrate dihydrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2 H 2 O) is A person skilled in the art can appropriately set the molar ratio of potassium citrate monohydrate to sodium citrate dihydrate, for example, to dihydrate sodium citrate with respect to potassium citrate monohydrate 1.
- the thing can be 0.01-100.
- the molar ratio of potassium citrate (eg, potassium citrate monohydrate) to sodium citrate (eg, sodium citrate dihydrate) can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art, eg, 0.85: 1. 15 to 1.15: 0.85, 0.90: 1.10 to 1.10: 0.90, 0.95: 1.05 to 1.05: 0.95, or 0.99: 1.01 It may be ⁇ 1.01: 0.99, preferably 1: 1.
- other examples of the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention include sodium citrate or a hydrate thereof, and examples thereof include a dihydrate of sodium citrate (C 6 H 5 Na). It may be 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O).
- the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention include potassium citrate or a hydrate thereof, and examples thereof include a monohydrate of potassium citrate (C 6 H 5 K). It may be 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O).
- the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may include sodium citrate or a hydrate thereof and a mixture of potassium citrate or a hydrate thereof.
- the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be a mixture of potassium citrate, sodium citrate and citric acid (eg, citric acid anhydride).
- the mixing ratio (molar ratio) of citric acid for example, anhydrous citric acid
- potassium citrate and sodium citrate can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art, for example, 1: 1.7 to 2.3: 1. It may be 7 to 2.3, 1: 1.9 to 2.1: 1.9 to 2.1, or 1: 1.95 to 2.05: 1.95 to 2.05, or 1: 2: 2. Is preferable.
- the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a monohydrate of potassium citrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O), a dihydrate of sodium citrate. (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O) and may be a mixture of anhydrous citric acid.
- the mixing ratio (molar ratio) of O) can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art, for example, 1: 1.7 to 2.3: 1.7 to 2.3, 1: 1.9 to 2.1: 1. It may be 9 to 2.1 or 1: 1.95 to 2.05: 1.95 to 2.05, preferably 1: 2: 2.
- the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be composed only of sodium citrate or a hydrate thereof and a mixture of potassium citrate or a hydrate thereof.
- citric acid a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof (for example, a monohydrate of potassium citrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ ). H 2 O) and, when referring to the weight of the dihydrate of sodium citrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O)) , the weight may be a dry weight.
- compositions provided by the present invention can also be used for the treatment or prevention of chronic kidney disease or acute kidney disease.
- administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention suppresses anemia (eg, renal anemia, iron deficiency anemia).
- anemia eg, renal anemia, iron deficiency anemia.
- administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention suppresses a decrease in serum iron concentration and suppresses a decrease in serum ferritin concentration as compared with administration of sodium hydrogen carbonate.
- the pharmaceutical composition comprises treatment or prevention of acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease in which anemia is suppressed, treatment or prevention of acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease with anemia, treatment or prevention of acidosis in patients with acute kidney disease in which anemia is suppressed, or It is useful in the treatment or prevention of acidosis in patients with acute kidney disease with anemia.
- administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention suppresses a decrease in blood iron concentration or a decrease in blood ferritin concentration.
- “suppression” includes stopping or slowing the exacerbation or progression of a symptom, condition or disease, and for that purpose, and ameliorating or ameliorating the symptom, condition or disease. It is a concept that includes.
- “improvement” means bringing "pathological” or “abnormal” symptoms, conditions or diseases closer to or for "healthy” or “normal” conditions, and “healthy” or It is a concept that includes making or for making a “normal” state. Therefore, in one embodiment, “improvement” means that a numerical value that is an index of a "pathological” or "abnormal” symptom or condition becomes smaller or larger according to the "improvement” and is normal. Includes approaching a normal value or becoming a normal value.
- exacerbation or progression of a symptom, condition or disease is defined as “pathological” or “abnormal” symptom, exacerbation or progression of the condition or disease, and “healthy” or “normal” condition. Includes exacerbation or progression to "na” or “abnormal” symptoms, conditions or illnesses.
- “suppression” is to stop or slow down or slow down the exacerbation or progression of a symptom, condition or disease.
- “suppression” is to stop or slow the exacerbation or progression of a symptom, condition or disease.
- health refers to a condition free of acute or chronic disease or disorder
- normal refers to a condition in which a healthy subject is normally expressed.
- the symptoms, conditions or diseases are compared before and after administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention, or when the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is administered, and control or placebo is used. The times of administration are compared.
- treatment includes the elimination, cure, cure or amelioration of "morbid” or “abnormal” symptoms, conditions or diseases, and for that purpose, “morbid”.
- it is a concept that includes “suppressing” the exacerbation of an "abnormal” symptom, condition or disease, and for that purpose, and also includes “improvement”.
- “suppression” and “improvement” have the above-mentioned meanings.
- “treatment” is to eliminate, cure, cure or ameliorate a "pathological” or “abnormal” symptom, condition or disease, and for that purpose.
- treatment is to eliminate, cure, cure or ameliorate a "pathological” or “abnormal” symptom, condition or disease.
- prevention is a concept including preventing the onset of "pathological” or “abnormal” symptoms, conditions or diseases, and for that purpose.
- anemia can be assessed by a lower blood iron concentration as compared to a "healthy” or “normal” state. Therefore, in one embodiment, “suppression of anemia” means the blood iron concentration or the blood ferritin concentration after administration as compared with the blood iron concentration or blood ferritin concentration before administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention. It can be evaluated by suppressing the decrease in blood ferritin concentration, or by administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention, the decrease in blood iron concentration or blood ferritin concentration is compared with the placebo administration or control. Can be evaluated by suppressing.
- "suppression of anemia” refers to the amount of iron (concentration; ⁇ g / dL) in serum 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention. , 100% or more and less than 120%, preferably 105% or more and 115% or less, more preferably 105% or more, respectively, with respect to the amount of iron in the serum 6 weeks after administration, 12 weeks after administration and 24 weeks after administration of the control, respectively. It can be evaluated by being 110% or less.
- "suppression of anemia” means that the amount of iron (concentration; ⁇ g / dL) in serum after 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is determined. It can be evaluated that the amount of iron in the serum before administration is 100% or more and less than 120%, preferably 100% or more and 115% or less, and more preferably 100% or more and 110% or less, respectively. In one embodiment, “suppression of anemia” means that the amount of iron (concentration; ⁇ g / dL) in serum after 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is determined.
- the amount of increase with respect to the amount of iron in serum before administration is 0 ⁇ g / dL or more and 20 ⁇ g / dL or less, preferably 0 ⁇ g / dL or more and 15 ⁇ g / dL or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ g / dL or more and 10 ⁇ g / dL or less. Can be evaluated.
- anemia suppression means that the serum ferritin concentration (ng / mL) 24 weeks after administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is the ferritin concentration in serum 24 weeks after administration of the control. It can be evaluated by being 100% or more and less than 200%, preferably 100% or more and 150% or less, and more preferably 120% or more and 150% or less with respect to the concentration.
- anemia suppression means that the serum ferritin concentration (ng / mL) 24 weeks after administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is 80 relative to the serum ferritin concentration before administration. It can be evaluated by being% or more and less than 160%, preferably 80% or more and 120% or less, and more preferably 90% or more and 110% or less.
- "suppression of anemia” means that the ferritin concentration (ng / mL) in the serum 24 weeks after administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is increased as an increase in the ferritin concentration in the serum before administration.
- "suppression of decrease in blood iron concentration" or “inhibition of decrease in blood ferritin concentration” is compared with the concentration of each component of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention before administration. Therefore, it can be evaluated by suppressing the increase or decrease in the concentration of each component after administration, or by administration of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention, the concentration of each component is compared with that of placebo administration or control. It can be evaluated by suppressing the increase or decrease of.
- early morning urine means the first urine after waking up
- as needed urine means urine other than the above-mentioned "early morning urine”.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is orally or parenterally administered to humans or other mammals, and examples of parenteral administration include intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, intramuscular administration, intraarticular administration, and transmucosa. Examples include administration, transdermal administration, nasal administration, rectal administration, intrathecal administration, intraperitoneal administration, and local administration.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is an active ingredient, citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof, or a mixture thereof, as it is or pharmaceutically acceptable.
- Carriers such as excipients (eg lactose, D-mannitol, crystalline cellulose, glucose), binders (eg hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)), lubricants (eg stearer) Magnesium acid acid, talc), disintegrants (eg starch, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium (CMC-Ca)), diluents (eg water for injection, physiological saline), and other additives if necessary (eg pH adjustment).
- excipients eg lactose, D-mannitol, crystalline cellulose, glucose
- binders eg hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP
- Agents, surfactants, solubilizers, preservatives, emulsifiers, tonicity agents, stabilizers may be mixed and prepared, and preparations such as tablets, capsules, suspensions, injections, suppositories, etc. Can be.
- the active ingredient citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof is used as an excipient (for example, lactose, D-mannitol).
- Crystalline cellulose glucose
- disintegrants eg starch, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium (CMC-Ca)
- binders eg hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
- lubricants eg , Magnesium stearate, talc, etc.
- disintegrants eg starch, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium (CMC-Ca)
- binders eg hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
- lubricants eg , Magnesium stearate, talc
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a tablet.
- the tablets provided by the present invention are citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof (for example, potassium citrate or a hydrate thereof; citric acid; Sodium acid or its hydrate; a mixture of potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate; or sodium hydrogen carbonate), as well as commonly used, pharmaceutically acceptable additives in the pharmaceutical field. May include. Examples of such additives include excipients, binders, disintegrants, fluidizers, flavoring agents, lubricants, pH regulators, surfactants, stabilizers and fragrances.
- the content of citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof, which are the active ingredients in the tablets provided by the present invention is preferably 10 to 95% by weight based on the tablets. May be 30 to 90% by weight, more preferably 60 to 85% by weight.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention can be produced by a method known in the pharmaceutical field.
- the hardness of the resulting tablet can be 10-200 N, preferably 30-150 N.
- the amount of citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof, which are the active ingredients in the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention can be appropriately set. In one embodiment, the amount of citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof, which are the active ingredients in the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention, is effective.
- Administration of a dose of the component citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof to humans improves acidic urine in gout or hyperuricemia.
- the daily dose approved in Japan for the improvement of acidic urine in gout or hyperuric acidemia may be set to be an amount or less.
- tablets containing potassium citrate in 1 tablet (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) 231.5mg and sodium citrate hydrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O) 195.0mg 2 tablets at a time, orally administered 3 times a day) may be set to 1 to 50%, or 10 to 20%.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a tablet, containing 10 mg to 1 g, preferably 100 mg to 500 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate or sodium citrate dihydrate in one tablet. , More preferably, 400 mg to 500 mg may be contained.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a tablet, in which potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate, respectively, at 10 mg to 300 mg as active ingredients. , 20 mg to 600 mg in total, preferably 150 to 250 mg in total, 400 to 500 mg in total, and more preferably 190 to 240 mg in total, 400 to 450 mg in total.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a tablet, which contains 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate as active ingredients, and is anhydrous as an additive. It may contain citric acid, crystalline cellulose, partially pregelatinized starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, macrogol 6000, titanium oxide and carnauba wax. In this embodiment, the content of citric acid anhydride may be 72.5 mg.
- a tablet containing 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate may be used as a unit of administration.
- the "administration unit” represents a unit of a preparation
- the "1 administration unit” represents the minimum unit of a preparation. Therefore, for example, in the case of tablets, the administration unit is each tablet, and one administration unit represents one tablet. If it is an injection, the administration unit is an injection placed in a sealed container such as an ampoule or vial, and one administration unit represents an injection placed in a sealed container such as an ampoule or vial.
- one or more of the above-mentioned administration units may be administered at a time, and the one-of-a-kind administration unit may be administered in divided doses. May be done.
- the dose of the active ingredient citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof is pharmaceutically acceptable of the active ingredient citric acid, citric acid. It is appropriately determined according to the type of citric acid, its hydrate or a mixture thereof, the administration method, the age, weight, sex, symptom, sensitivity to the drug, etc. of the administration target, but it depends on the situation of improvement of the symptom. The dose may be adjusted accordingly. In one embodiment, when a mixture of potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate as an active ingredient is orally administered to humans, Japan for the improvement of acidic urine in gout and hyperuricemia.
- Daily doses approved by eg, for citric acid preparations: 231.5 mg of potassium citrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) and sodium citrate hydrate (for example, 1 tablet) C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O)
- Half the dose of 2 tablets containing 195.0 mg at a time, orally administered 3 times a day may be used as the daily dose.
- a mixture of potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate as an active ingredient is orally administered to humans, Japan for the improvement of acidic urine in gout and hyperuricemia.
- Daily doses approved by eg, for citric acid preparations: 231.5 mg of potassium citrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) and sodium citrate hydrate (for example, 1 tablet) C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O) 2 tablets containing 195.0 mg at a time, orally administered 3 times a day) may be used as the daily dose.
- Japan for the improvement of acidic urine in gout and hyperuricemia.
- Daily doses approved by eg, for citric acid preparations: 231.5 mg of potassium citrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) and sodium citrate hydrate (for example, 1 tablet) C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O) 2 tablets containing 195.0 mg at a time, orally administered 3 times a day
- the dose was increased to the daily dose approved in Japan for the improvement of acidic urine in gout and hyperuric acidemia.
- the dosage of the active ingredient, citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof is the active ingredient, citric acid, citric acid.
- the pH of human urine for example, early morning urine
- the pH of human urine is pH 5.2 to pH 6.8, pH 5.5 to pH6.8, pH5.8-pH6.8, pH5.8-pH6.5, pH5.8-pH6.2, pH5.8 or more and less than pH6.2, pH6.0-pH6.5, pH6.0-pH6 .4, pH6.0 to pH6.3, pH6.0 to pH6.2, pH6.0 to less than pH6.2, pH6.1 to pH6.3, pH6.2 to 6.8, pH6.2 to pH6.5 or
- the dose may be such that the pH is 6.5 to 6.8.
- the dosage of the active ingredient, citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof is the active ingredient, citric acid, citric acid.
- the pH of human urine (eg, early morning urine) by oral administration of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof, is 6 weeks, 12 weeks or 24 weeks after administration.
- the dose may be 2 to 6.8, pH 6.2 to pH 6.5 or pH 6.5 to 6.8.
- potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate when a mixture of potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate as an active ingredient is orally administered to humans, potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate 0.1 to 5 g / day for a total of 0.2 to 10 g / day, 0.1 to 3 g / day for a total of 0.2 to 6 g / day, 0.5 to 3 g / day for a total of 1 to 6 g / day, preferably 0.5 to each.
- a total of 1 to 3 g / day at 1.5 g / day, a total of 2 to 3 g / day at 1 to 1.5 g / day, or a total of 1 to 2 g / day at 0.5 to 1 g / day may be administered per day. It may be administered 1 to 5 times, preferably 3 times a day.
- potassium citrate monohydrate or sodium citrate dihydrate as an active ingredient when potassium citrate monohydrate or sodium citrate dihydrate as an active ingredient is orally administered to humans, 1 to 10 g / day, 1 to 6 g / day, 2 to 5.5 g / day. It may be administered daily, 1 to 3 g / day, 2 to 3 g / day or 1 to 1.5 g / day, or may be administered 1 to 5 times a day, preferably divided into 3 times a day.
- the active ingredient, citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof may be administered for a long period of time, eg, for one week. 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks, 24 weeks, 40 weeks, 60 weeks, 80 weeks, 100 weeks, 120 weeks, 1 week or more, 2 weeks or more, 3 weeks or more, 6 weeks 8 weeks or more, 10 weeks or more, 12 weeks or more, 24 weeks or more, 40 weeks or more, 60 weeks or more, 80 weeks or more, 100 weeks or more, 120 weeks or more, 6 weeks or more and 24 weeks or less, 12 weeks or more and 24 weeks below, 6 weeks to 30 weeks, 12 weeks to 30 weeks, 6 weeks to 40 weeks, 12 weeks to 40 weeks, 6 weeks to 60 weeks, 12 weeks to 60 weeks, 6 weeks to 80 weeks , 12 weeks or more and 80 weeks or less, 6 weeks or more and 100 weeks or less, 12 weeks or more and 100 weeks or less, 12 weeks or more and 100 weeks or less, 6 weeks or more and
- the pharmaceutical compositions provided by the present invention are administered by 6 weeks of continuous administration, 12 weeks of continuous administration, and / or 24 weeks of continuous administration to kidney disease (eg, acute kidney disease or chronic kidney disease).
- kidney disease eg, acute kidney disease or chronic kidney disease.
- Beneficial effects eg, anemia-suppressing effects
- Kidney disease includes acute kidney disease and chronic kidney disease unless otherwise noted.
- acute kidney disease include drugs (eg, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, aminoglycoside antibiotics, new quinolone antibacterial agents, iodo contrast agents, platinum such as cisplatin).
- drugs eg, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, aminoglycoside antibiotics, new quinolone antibacterial agents, iodo contrast agents, platinum such as cisplatin.
- examples thereof include acute kidney disease caused by (preparation) and acute kidney disease caused by renal ischemia.
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a concept that includes chronic kidney disease regardless of the underlying disease, and there is a decrease in renal function represented by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or renal damage. It is a concept that includes all pathological conditions in which the findings suggesting
- GFR renal function
- albuminuria albuminuria
- G1 GFR is normal or high ( ⁇ 90 mL / min / 1.73 m 2 )
- G2 GFR is normal or slightly decreased (60-89 mL / min / 1.73 m 2 )
- G3a Mild to moderate decrease in GFR (45-59 mL / min / 1.73 m 2 )
- G3b Moderate to severely reduced GFR (30-44 mL / min / 1.73 m 2 )
- G4 GFR is highly reduced (15-29 mL / min / 1.73 m 2 )
- EKD End-stage renal disease
- the classification by proteinuria is classified as follows using the urinary albumin / creatinine (Cr) ratio when the underlying disease is diabetes.
- the classification by proteinuria is as follows using the urinary protein / creatinine (Cr) ratio. It is classified as.
- A2 Mild proteinuria (0.15-0.49 g / gCr)
- CKD chronic kidney disease
- the pharmaceutical compositions provided by the present invention are administered to patients with less severe, early-stage chronic kidney disease.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is administered to a patient with chronic kidney disease at stage G3b or lower, preferably stage G2 or lower.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is administered to a chronic kidney disease patient who is stage G2 or higher and stage G3b or lower (eg, stage G2 and stage G3a; or stage G2, stage G3a and stage G3b).
- stage G2 or higher and stage G3b or lower eg, stage G2 and stage G3a; or stage G2, stage G3a and stage G3b.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a chronic kidney disease patient with stage G3b or lower and microalbuminuria, preferably stage G2 with microalbuminuria. Administered to the patient.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is stage G2 or higher and stage G3b or lower (eg, stage G2 and stage G3a; or stage G2, stage G3a and stage G3b) and is microalbuminuria. It is administered to patients with chronic kidney disease.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a chronic kidney disease patient, preferably stage G2, with stage G3b or lower and urinary protein excretion of less than 3.5 g / gCr. It is administered to patients with chronic kidney disease whose urinary protein excretion is less than 3.5 g / gCr.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is stage G2 or higher and stage G3b or lower (eg, stage G2 and stage G3a; or stage G2, stage G3a and stage G3b) and urinary protein excretion. Is administered to patients with chronic kidney disease who have less than 3.5 g / g Cr.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is administered to a patient with progressive chronic kidney disease.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is administered to a patient with chronic kidney disease with anemia.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is administered to a patient with chronic kidney disease with hypertension.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is administered to a patient who is treated according to the CKD clinical guide.
- blood pressure control administration of RA inhibitors such as ARB and ACE inhibitors, diuretics, Ca antagonists, etc.
- proteinuria measures administration of RA inhibitors, etc.
- blood glucose level management according to the CKD medical treatment guide. It is administered to patients undergoing (administration of ⁇ -glucosidase inhibitors, etc.), lipid management (administration of statins, fibrates, etc.), anemia management (administration of erythropoetin, etc.) and / or measures against bone and minerals (administration of bisphosphonates, etc.).
- the pharmaceutical compositions provided by the present invention are used in combination with antihypertensive agents (eg, ARBs, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, Ca antagonists).
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a spherical adsorbed carbon obtained by oxidizing and reducing spherical fine porous carbon derived from a petroleum hydrocarbon at a high temperature (as Kremezin (registered trademark) in Japan). (Sold at) is used in combination.
- the pharmaceutical compositions provided by the present invention are less severe, early chronic kidney disease patients (eg, stage G3b or lower, preferably stage G2 or higher, stage G3b or lower, more preferably stage G2). And stage G3a, and even more preferably a patient with stage G2 chronic kidney disease), which can suppress anemia in that patient.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may be a pharmaceutical composition for suppressing acidosis for a patient with chronic kidney disease accompanied by anemia, or a pharmaceutical composition for suppressing anemia.
- the pharmaceutical compositions provided by the present invention are less severe, early chronic kidney disease patients (eg, stage G3b or lower, preferably stage G2 or higher, stage G3b or lower, more preferably stage G2). And, more preferably, patients with chronic kidney disease in stage G2), who have a lower blood iron concentration or a lower blood ferritin concentration as compared to the case of sodium bicarbonate administration. Suppress.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may be an acidosis inhibitor for patients with chronic kidney disease associated with anemia, an inhibitor of a decrease in blood iron concentration, or an agent for suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration or suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration, and potassium citrate as an active ingredient.
- the monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate are orally administered at 0.5 to 1.5 g / day, for a total of 1 to 3 g / day, 1 to 5 times a day, preferably 3 times a day. is there.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration or suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration, and is one administration unit (preferably).
- One tablet) contains 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate, and 3 to 6 dosing units per day (eg, 3 dosing units or 6 dosing units per day).
- the administration unit) is orally administered in 3 divided doses a day.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration or suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration, and is one administration unit (preferably).
- (1 tablet) contains 72.5 mg of anhydrous citric acid, 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate, and 3 to 6 dose units per day (for example, 1 day). 3 administration units or 6 administration units) are orally administered in 3 divided doses a day.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration or suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration in a patient with chronic kidney disease.
- Potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate as active ingredients are divided into 0.5 to 1.5 g / day for a total of 1 to 3 g / day, preferably 1 to 5 times a day, preferably 3 times a day. It is to be administered orally.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration or suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration in a patient with chronic kidney disease.
- One dosing unit (preferably one tablet) contains 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate, and 3 to 6 dosing units per day (eg, per day). 3 administration units or 6 administration units) are orally administered in 3 divided doses a day.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in suppressing a decrease in blood iron concentration or suppressing a decrease in blood ferritin concentration in a patient with chronic kidney disease.
- One dosing unit (preferably one tablet) contains 72.5 mg of anhydrous citric acid, 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate, and 3 to 6 dosing units daily. The unit (for example, 3 or 6 administration units per day) is orally administered in 3 divided doses per day.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in acidosis suppression or anemia suppression for patients with chronic kidney disease associated with anemia, and potassium citrate as an active ingredient.
- the hydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate are orally administered at 0.5 to 1.5 g / day, for a total of 1 to 3 g / day, 1 to 5 times a day, preferably 3 times a day. ..
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in acidosis suppression or anemia suppression for patients with chronic kidney disease associated with anemia, and is 1 administration unit (preferably 1).
- Tablets contain 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate, 3 to 6 doses per day (eg, 3 or 6 doses per day). Unit) is orally administered in 3 divided doses a day.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for use in acidosis suppression or anemia suppression for patients with chronic kidney disease associated with anemia, and is 1 administration unit (preferably 1).
- Tablets contain 72.5 mg of anhydrous citric acid, 231.5 mg of potassium citrate monohydrate and 195.0 mg of sodium citrate dihydrate, and 3 to 6 dosing units per day (eg, per day). 3 administration units or 6 administration units) are orally administered in 3 divided doses a day.
- Examples of other embodiments of the present invention include: a) A method for suppressing acidosis in chronic kidney disease or acute kidney disease associated with anemia in mammalian subjects (for example, humans), which is effective for subjects requiring suppression of acidosis in chronic kidney disease or acute kidney disease associated with anemia. Methods comprising administering an amount of citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof; b) A method for suppressing renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia in mammalian subjects (for example, humans), which is an effective amount of citric acid or citric acid drug for subjects who need to suppress renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia.
- Methods comprising administering a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof; c) A method of treating or preventing renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia in a mammalian subject (eg, human), wherein an effective amount of citric acid is used in the subject requiring treatment or prevention of renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia. Methods comprising administering a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof;
- Citric acid pharmaceutically acceptable salts of citric acid, or hydrates thereof or mixtures thereof for use in the control of acidosis in chronic kidney disease or acute kidney disease with anemia
- Citric acid pharmaceutically acceptable salts of citric acid, or hydrates thereof or mixtures thereof for use in the control of renal or iron deficiency anemia
- Citric acid a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia
- aaa A pharmaceutical composition comprising citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof for use in the control of acidosis in chronic kidney disease or acute kidney disease with anemia. Stuff; bbb) A pharmaceutical composition comprising citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof for use in the control of renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia; ccc) A pharmaceutical composition comprising citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of renal or iron deficiency anemia;
- Citric acid a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof for producing a pharmaceutical composition for suppressing acidosis in chronic kidney disease or acute kidney disease with anemia.
- Use of; bbbb) Use of citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof for producing a pharmaceutical composition for suppressing renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia; cccc) Use of citric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof for producing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of renal anemia or iron deficiency anemia. ..
- the food composition provided by the present invention suppresses acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease or patients with acute kidney disease with anemia, or suppresses anemia (eg, suppresses renal anemia, iron deficiency). It has the effect of suppressing anemia.
- the active ingredient the active ingredient described in "1. Pharmaceutical composition" above can be applied.
- the active ingredient include pharmaceutically acceptable salts of citric acid (for example, alkali metal citrate salts or hydrates thereof or mixtures thereof) as food-acceptable salts of citric acid, and preferable thereof.
- the content of citric acid, a food-acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof in the food composition provided by the present invention can be appropriately determined depending on the type of food.
- food compositions include foods for specified health uses, foods with functional claims, foods for hospital patients, and supplements. These food compositions include an effective amount of citric acid for exerting the above effects, a food-acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof, and can be orally ingested.
- the form is not particularly limited, and may be in the form of ordinary foods and drinks, and among the preparations applicable to the pharmaceutical composition, preparations suitable for oral administration, for example, tablets and capsules. It may be provided as a preparation such as an agent or a suspending agent.
- Pharmaceutical composition can be applied as they are, and in the field of pharmaceutical preparation technology itself. Known formulation techniques can be applied.
- foods for hospital patients or supplements for example, in the case of foods for specified health use, foods with functional claims, foods for hospital patients or supplements, a total of 1 to 1 to potassium citrate monohydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate as active ingredients per serving of food. It may contain 1/3 amount of 3 g.
- foods for hospital patients or supplements are provided as tablets, for example, foods containing 70 to 80% by weight of citric acid and citric acid in 300 mg to 600 mg tablets per tablet. May contain acceptable salts, or hydrates thereof or mixtures thereof.
- the food composition provided by the present invention is not formulated and is provided in the form of a normal food or drink, a person skilled in the art can appropriately produce it depending on the type of the food, for example, citric acid or citric acid as a food material. It can be produced by blending a food-acceptable salt, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof (for example, potassium citrate and / or sodium citrate).
- the forms of the food and drink include liquid or milky or paste-like foods such as beverages, soy sauce, milk, yogurt and miso; semi-solid foods such as jelly and gummies; solid foods such as candy, gum, tofu and supplements; Alternatively, powdered foods and the like can be mentioned.
- Beverages include fruit juice / fruit beverages, coffee beverages, Karyu tea beverages, green tea beverages, tea beverages, barley tea beverages, vegetable beverages, soft drinks such as carbonated beverages, fruit extract beverages, vegetable extract juices, near water, sports beverages, Examples include diet beverages.
- Beverages include antioxidants, flavors, various esters, organic acids, organic acid salts, inorganic acids, inorganic acid salts, inorganic salts, pigments, emulsifiers, preservatives, seasonings, sweeteners, acidulants, fruit juice extracts.
- Additives such as esters, vegetable extracts, flower honey extracts, pH adjusters, quality stabilizers and the like can be blended alone or in combination.
- the food composition provided by the present invention can be used in the same manner as the method of using the pharmaceutical composition described in "1. Pharmaceutical composition" above, and can also be used in a range not intended for the treatment or prevention of diseases. can do.
- citric acid, citric acid in the food composition based on the citric acid contained in the food composition according to the present invention, a food-acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- the amount of citric acid used as a food-acceptable salt, or a hydrate thereof, or a mixture thereof is the citric acid contained in the pharmaceutical composition, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of citric acid, or hydration thereof. It can be applied to the subject of the pharmaceutical composition so that the amount is the same as that of the product or a mixture thereof.
- the "food composition” according to the invention is a subject (eg, a human or other mammal) having no "morbid” or "abnormal” symptoms, conditions or diseases, ie. , Applies to subjects in a "healthy” or “normal” state (eg, humans or other mammals) to maintain or promote a “healthy” or “normal” state be able to. Furthermore, it can be applied to "healthy people who are concerned about anemia" in order to maintain or promote a "healthy” or "normal” state.
- the citric acid, a food-acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof is a component of a pharmaceutical composition, or a component of a food composition, the above. Since the pharmacological effects of citric acid, a food-acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof themselves are basically the same, the applied amount and method of applying the food composition are: Depending on the expected effect, it can be appropriately adjusted based on the citric acid, a food-acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof.
- Subjects without “morbid” or “abnormal” symptoms, conditions or diseases eg, humans or other mammals
- subjects in a "healthy” or “normal” condition eg, humans or
- Food compositions applied to maintain or enhance a "healthy” or “normal” state with respect to (other mammals) may be particularly referred to as "functionally labeled foods”.
- administration described in "1.
- Pharmaceutical composition above can also be applied to the "food composition” according to the present invention, and further, the "food composition” according to the present invention can be referred to.
- the term “administration” can be read as "ingestion.” Therefore, for example, the terms “administer”, “administer”, etc. can be read by changing the word form according to the context, such as “ingest”, “intake”, and “ingest”. Therefore, embodiments of the food composition according to the present invention include the following.
- a food composition for controlling anemia which comprises citric acid, a food-acceptable salt of citric acid, or a hydrate thereof or a mixture thereof;
- the food composition according to the present invention has an effect of suppressing anemia displayed on its packaging, container, or instruction manual.
- a human clinical trial was conducted to examine the effects of oral administration of potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination preparation and baking soda preparation, which are oral alkalizing agents.
- No alkalizing agent was administered to the control group.
- the group A containing potassium citrate (C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 ⁇ H 2 O) 231.5 mg and sodium citrate hydrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ⁇ 2H 2 O) 195.0 mg
- the tablets were orally administered 3 times a day, 3 times a day (morning, noon, evening) for 24 weeks.
- the pH of early morning urine should be controlled over time, and in cases where early morning urine has a pH of less than 6.5, the dose can be increased up to 6 tablets a day, 3 times a day (morning, noon, evening) at the discretion of the doctor. And said.
- Group B was orally administered 3 tablets containing 500 mg of sodium hydrogen carbonate 3 times a day (morning, noon, evening) for 24 weeks.
- the pH of early morning urine should be controlled over time, and in cases where early morning urine has a pH of less than 6.5, the dose can be increased up to 6 tablets a day, 3 times a day (morning, noon, evening) at the discretion of the doctor. And said.
- Table 1 Amount of iron in serum ( ⁇ g / dL)
- Table 2 Serum ferritin concentration before and 24 weeks after the start of administration (ng / mL); Ratio of serum ferritin concentration at 24 weeks after the start of administration to the ferritin concentration in serum before the start of administration ( %); And the amount of change in serum ferritin concentration from before the start of administration (ng / mL),
- Group B (Bicarbonate: sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation administration group) has significantly higher serum iron concentration at 6 to 24 weeks than group A (Citrate: potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination preparation administration group). It has decreased. In group A (Citrate: potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination administration group) and group C (Control: control group), no decrease in serum iron concentration was observed at 6 to 24 weeks (Table). 1). Therefore, it was suggested that the administration of the potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination preparation suppressed anemia as compared with the administration of the sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation. Both potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination preparation and sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation are used for the treatment of acidosis in chronic kidney disease. Based on the above results, potassium citrate / sodium citrate water was compared with the sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation. It was suggested that the Japanese combination preparation can be used for the treatment of acidosis without causing anemia.
- group A (Citrate: potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination administration group) and group C (Control: control group)
- group B (Bicarbonate: sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation administration group)
- group B (Bicarbonate: sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation)
- the administration group) was significantly larger (see Table 2).
- potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination preparation suppressed anemia as compared with the administration of the sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation.
- Both potassium citrate / sodium citrate hydrate combination preparation and sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation are used for the treatment of acidosis in chronic kidney disease. Based on the above results, potassium citrate / sodium citrate water was compared with the sodium hydrogen carbonate preparation. It was suggested that the Japanese combination preparation can be used for the treatment of acidosis without causing anemia.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention it is possible to suppress acidosis or anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease accompanied by anemia in mammals.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2019年4月28日に、日本に出願された特願2019-86945号、及び2019年6月27日に、日本に出願された特願2019-119297号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
このESKDの予備軍として認識されているのが慢性腎臓病(CKD)である。CKDは、原疾患を問わず、慢性に経過する腎臓病を包括する概念であり、糸球体濾過量(GFR)で表される腎機能の低下があるか、又は腎臓の障害を示唆する所見が慢性的(3ヶ月以上)に持続する病態全てを包含する概念である。CKDはESKDへの進行リスクであるばかりではなく、心血管疾患(CVD)等の強力な発症リスクであることから、CKDを早期に発見し適切な治療を行うことは非常に重要である。これまでに多くのCKD治療法が確立されているが、まだ不十分で、さらに腎保護剤の開発が求められている。
本発明は1つの側面において、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病患者又は貧血を伴う急性腎臓病患者のアシドーシス抑制用医薬組成物を提供する。
本発明は1つの側面において、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む、炭酸水素ナトリウムに比較した血中鉄濃度の低下抑制用、又は炭酸水素ナトリウムに比較した血中フェリチン濃度の低下抑制用医薬組成物を提供する。
本発明は1つの側面において、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病患者若しくは貧血を伴う急性腎臓病患者のアシドーシス抑制、又は貧血抑制に有用な食品を提供する。
本発明は1つの側面において、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む、炭酸水素ナトリウムに比較した血中鉄濃度の低下抑制、又は炭酸水素ナトリウムに比較した血中フェリチン濃度の低下抑制に有用な食品を提供する。
本発明が提供する医薬組成物又は食品組成物等により、哺乳動物において、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病患者若しくは貧血を伴う急性腎臓病患者のアシドーシスの抑制、又は貧血抑制が可能である。
本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、有効成分として、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含むことができる。
クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩の例としては、クエン酸アルカリ金属塩が挙げられる。クエン酸アルカリ金属塩の例としては、クエン酸三カリウム(以下、クエン酸カリウムと称す)及びクエン酸三ナトリウム(以下、クエン酸ナトリウムと称す)が挙げられ、、それぞれ安定なクエン酸カリウムの一水和物(C6H5K3O7・H2O)及びクエン酸ナトリウムの二水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O)等の水和物であってもよい。クエン酸の例としては、限定はされないが、無水クエン酸が挙げられる。
また、本発明が提供する医薬組成物に含まれる有効成分の他の例には、クエン酸ナトリウム又はその水和物が挙げられ、例えば、クエン酸ナトリウムの二水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O)であってもよい。
1つの実施態様において、本発明の医薬組成物に含まれる有効成分は、クエン酸ナトリウム又はその水和物と、クエン酸カリウム又はその水和物との混合物を含んでいてもよい。
一つの実施態様において、本発明の医薬組成物に含まれる有効成分は、クエン酸カリウム、クエン酸ナトリウム及びクエン酸(例えば、無水クエン酸)の混合物であってもよい。その場合、クエン酸(例えば、無水クエン酸)、クエン酸カリウム及びクエン酸ナトリウムの混合比(モル比)は、当業者が適宜設定でき、例えば、1:1.7~2.3:1.7~2.3、1:1.9~2.1:1.9~2.1又は1:1.95~2.05:1.95~2.05としてもよく、1:2:2が好ましい。
一つの実施態様において、本発明の医薬組成物に含まれる有効成分は、クエン酸カリウムの一水和物(C6H5K3O7・H2O)、クエン酸ナトリウムの二水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O)及び無水クエン酸の混合物であってもよい。その場合、無水クエン酸、クエン酸カリウムの一水和物(C6H5K3O7・H2O)及びクエン酸ナトリウムの二水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O)の混合比(モル比)は、当業者が適宜設定でき、例えば、1:1.7~2.3:1.7~2.3、1:1.9~2.1:1.9~2.1又は1:1.95~2.05:1.95~2.05としてもよく、1:2:2が好ましい。
別の実施態様において、本発明の医薬組成物に含まれる有効成分は、クエン酸ナトリウム又はその水和物と、クエン酸カリウム又はその水和物との混合物のみから構成されていてもよい。
本明細書において、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物(例えば、クエン酸カリウムの一水和物(C6H5K3O7・H2O)及び、クエン酸ナトリウムの二水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O))の重量について言及する時は、その重量は乾燥重量であり得る。
例えば、本発明が提供する医薬組成物の投与により、貧血(例えば、腎性貧血、鉄欠乏性貧血)が抑制される。
また、例えば、本発明が提供する医薬組成物の投与により、血中鉄濃度の低下、又は血中フェリチン濃度の低下が抑制される。
ここで、前記症状、状態又は疾患は、本発明が提供する医薬組成物の投与前と投与後で比較されるか、又は本発明が提供する医薬組成物を投与したときと、コントロール若しくはプラセボを投与したときが比較される。
1つの実施態様において、「貧血抑制」は、本発明が提供する医薬組成物の投与6週後、投与12週後及び投与24週後の血清中の鉄量(濃度;μg/dL)が、投与前の血清中の鉄量に対する増加量として、それぞれ、0μg/dL以上20μg/dL以下、好ましくは0μg/dL以上15μg/dL以下、より好ましくは5μg/dL以上10μg/dL以下であることで評価され得る。
1つの実施態様において、「貧血抑制」は、本発明が提供する医薬組成物の投与24週後の血清中のフェリチン濃度(ng/mL)が、投与前の血清中のフェリチン濃度に対する増加量として、-20ng/mL以上20ng/mL以下、好ましくは-15ng/mL以上15ng/mL以下、より好ましくは-12ng/mL以上12ng/mL以下であることで評価され得る。
1つの実施態様において、「血中鉄濃度の低下の抑制」、又は「血中フェリチン濃度の低下の抑制」とは、本発明が提供する医薬組成物の投与前の各成分の濃度に比較して、投与後の各成分の濃度の増加若しくは低下が抑制されることで評価され得る、又は、本発明が提供する医薬組成物の投与により、プラセボ投与若しくはコントロールに比較して、各成分の濃度の増加若しくは低下が抑制されることで評価され得る。
本発明が提供する錠剤における有効成分である、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物の含量は、錠剤に対し10~95重量%、好ましくは30~90重量%であってもよく、より好ましくは60~85重量%であってもよい。
1つの実施態様において、得られる錠剤の硬度は、10~200N、好ましくは30~150Nであり得る。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物中の有効成分である、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物の量は、有効成分である、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物の投与量がヒトに投与することにより痛風又は高尿酸血症における酸性尿が改善される量、又は、それより少ない量となるように設定されてもよく、例えば、痛風又は高尿酸血症における酸性尿の改善について日本で認可されている1日用量(例えば、クエン酸製剤の場合:1錠中にクエン酸カリウム(C6H5K3O7・H2O)231.5mg及びクエン酸ナトリウム水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O)195.0mgを含む錠剤を1回2錠、1日3回経口投与)の1~50%、又は10~20%となるように設定されてもよい。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は錠剤であり、1錠剤中に、有効成分として、クエン酸カリウム一水和物及びクエン酸ナトリウム二水和物を、それぞれ10mg~300mgで、合計20mg~600mg含んでもよく、好ましくは、それぞれ150~250mgで、合計400~500mg、より好ましくは、それぞれ190~240mgで、合計400~450mgを含んでもよい。
本明細書において、「投与単位」とは、製剤の単位を表し、「1投与単位」とは、製剤の最小単位を表す。したがって、例えば、錠剤であれば、投与単位は各錠剤であり、1投与単位は、1つの錠剤を表す。注射剤であれば、投与単位は、アンプル又はバイアル等の密封容器に入れられた注射剤であり、1投与単位は、1つのアンプル又はバイアル等の密封容器に入れられた注射剤を表す。
本発明が提供する医薬組成物が、ヒト又はその他の哺乳動物に投与される場合、1回あたり、1又は2以上の前記投与単位が投与されてもよく、前記1投与単位が分割されて投与されてもよい。
1つの実施態様において、有効成分としてクエン酸カリウム一水和物及びクエン酸ナトリウム二水和物の混合物をヒトに経口投与する場合は、痛風並びに高尿酸血症における酸性尿の改善の為に日本で認可されている1日の投与量(例えば、クエン酸製剤の場合:1錠中にクエン酸カリウム(C6H5K3O7・H2O)231.5mg及びクエン酸ナトリウム水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O)195.0mgを含む錠剤を1回2錠、1日3回経口投与)の半分量を1日の投与量としてもよい。
急性腎臓病の例には、薬剤(例えば、非ステロイド性抗炎症薬、アンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害薬、アンジオテンシンII受容体拮抗薬、アミノグリコシド系抗生物質、ニューキノロン系抗菌薬、ヨード造影剤、シスプラチン等の白金製剤)に起因する急性腎臓病、及び腎虚血に起因する急性腎臓病が挙げられる。
慢性腎臓病(CKD)は、原疾患を問わず、慢性に経過する腎臓病を包括する概念であり、糸球体濾過量(GFR)で表される腎機能の低下があるか、又は腎臓の障害を示唆する所見が慢性的(3ヶ月以上)に持続する病態全てを包含する概念である。
GFRの区分は、以下のようである。
G1:GFRが正常又は高値(≧90 mL/分/1.73 m2)
G2:GFRが正常又は軽度低下(60~89 mL/分/1.73 m2)
G3a:GFRが軽度~中程度低下(45~59 mL/分/1.73 m2)
G3b:GFRが中等度~高度低下(30~44 mL/分/1.73 m2)
G4:GFRが高度低下(15~29 mL/分/1.73 m2)
G5:末期腎不全(ESKD)(<15 mL/分/1.73 m2)
A1:正常(30 mg/gCr未満)
A2:微量アルブミン尿(30~299 mg/gCr)
A3:顕性アルブミン尿(300 mg/gCr以上)
また、蛋白尿(アルブミン尿:A)による区分は、原疾患が糖尿病以外の高血圧、腎炎、多発性嚢胞腎、移植腎、その他である場合、尿蛋白/クレアチニン(Cr)比を用いて以下のように分類される。
A1:正常(0.15 g/gCr未満)
A2:軽度蛋白尿(0.15~0.49 g/gCr)
A3:高度蛋白尿(0.50 g/gCr以上)
しかしながら、従来、慢性腎臓病の重症度は、GFRで区分されるステージのみで表記されていたことが考慮され、慢性腎臓病の重症度を従来のように、G1、G2、G3a、G3b、G4及びG5というステージで表記することも可能としている。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、ステージG3b以下、好ましくは、ステージG2又はそれ以下の慢性腎臓病患者に投与される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、ステージG2以上ステージG3b以下(例えば、ステージG2及びステージG3a;又はステージG2、ステージG3a及びステージG3b)である慢性腎臓病患者に投与される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、ステージG2以上ステージG3b以下(例えば、ステージG2及びステージG3a;又はステージG2、ステージG3a及びステージG3b)であって、微量アルブミン尿である慢性腎臓病患者に投与される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、ステージG2以上ステージG3b以下(例えば、ステージG2及びステージG3a;又はステージG2、ステージG3a及びステージG3b)であって、尿中蛋白排泄量が3.5g/gCr未満である慢性腎臓病患者に投与される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、進行性の慢性腎臓病患者に投与される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病患者に投与される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、高血圧を伴う慢性腎臓病患者に投与される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、血圧降下薬(例えば、ARB、ACE阻害薬、利尿薬、Ca拮抗薬)と併用される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、石油系炭化水素由来の球形微粒多孔質炭素を高温にて酸化及び還元処理して得た球形吸着炭(クレメジン(登録商標)として日本で販売されている)と併用される。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、血中鉄濃度の低下抑制、又は血中フェリチン濃度の低下抑制における使用のための医薬組成物であって、1投与単位(好ましくは1錠の錠剤)に、無水クエン酸72.5mg、クエン酸カリウム一水和物231.5mg及びクエン酸ナトリウム二水和物195.0mgを含み、1日に3投与単位ないし6投与単位(例えば、1日に3投与単位又は6投与単位)を、1日3回に分けて経口投与するものである。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、慢性腎臓病患者における、血中鉄濃度の低下抑制、又は血中フェリチン濃度の低下抑制における使用のための医薬組成物であって、1投与単位(好ましくは1錠の錠剤)に、クエン酸カリウム一水和物231.5mg及びクエン酸ナトリウム二水和物195.0mgを含み、1日に3投与単位ないし6投与単位(例えば、1日に3投与単位又は6投与単位)を、1日3回に分けて経口投与するものである。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、慢性腎臓病患者における、血中鉄濃度の低下抑制、又は血中フェリチン濃度の低下抑制における使用のための医薬組成物であって、1投与単位(好ましくは1錠の錠剤)に、無水クエン酸72.5mg、クエン酸カリウム一水和物231.5mg及びクエン酸ナトリウム二水和物195.0mgを含み、1日に3投与単位ないし6投与単位(例えば、1日に3投与単位又は6投与単位)を、1日3回に分けて経口投与するものである。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する医薬組成物は、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病患者用のアシドーシス抑制、又は貧血抑制における使用のための医薬組成物であって、1投与単位(好ましくは1錠の錠剤)に、無水クエン酸72.5mg、クエン酸カリウム一水和物231.5mg及びクエン酸ナトリウム二水和物195.0mgを含み、1日に3投与単位ないし6投与単位(例えば、1日に3投与単位又は6投与単位)を、1日3回に分けて経口投与するものである。
a)哺乳類対象(例えば、ヒト)における、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病又は急性腎臓病おけるアシドーシスの抑制方法であって、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病又は急性腎臓病おけるアシドーシスの抑制が必要な対象に有効量のクエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を投与することを含む方法;
b)哺乳類対象(例えば、ヒト)における腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の抑制方法であって、腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の抑制が必要な対象に有効量のクエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を投与することを含む方法;
c)哺乳類対象(例えば、ヒト)における腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の治療又は予防方法であって、腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の治療又は予防が必要な対象に有効量のクエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を投与することを含む方法;
bb)腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の抑制に使用するための、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物;
cc)腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の治療又は予防に使用するための、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物;
bbb)腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の抑制における使用のための、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む医薬組成物;
ccc)腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の治療又は予防における使用のための、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む医薬組成物;
bbbb)腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の抑制用医薬組成物を製造するための、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物の使用;
cccc)腎性貧血又は鉄欠乏性貧血の治療又は予防用医薬組成物を製造するための、クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物の使用。
1つの実施態様において、本発明が提供する食品組成物は、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病患者若しくは急性腎臓病患者におけるアシドーシスの抑制、又は貧血抑制(例えば、腎性貧血抑制、鉄欠乏性貧血抑制)の効果を奏する。
有効成分については、上記「1.医薬組成物」で記載した有効成分を適用することができる。有効成分としては、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩としてクエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩(例えば、クエン酸アルカリ金属塩若しくはその水和物又はそれらの混合物)が挙げられ、好ましくは、クエン酸カリウムの一水和物(C6H5K3O7・H2O)及びクエン酸ナトリウムの二水和物(C6H5Na3O7・2H2O)の混合物、又はクエン酸ナトリウムの二水和物である。
前記飲食品の形態としては、飲料、醤油、牛乳、ヨーグルト、味噌等の液状又は乳状又はペースト状食品;ゼリー、グミ等の半固形状食品;飴、ガム、豆腐、サプリメント等の固形状食品;又は粉末状食品等が挙げられる。
飲料としては、果汁・果実飲料、コーヒー飲料、烏龍茶飲料、緑茶飲料、紅茶飲料、麦茶飲料、野菜飲料、ソフトドリンクである炭酸飲料、果実エキス入り飲料、野菜エキス入りジュース、ニアウオーター、スポーツ飲料、ダイエット飲料等が挙げられる。
本発明が提供する食品組成物は、上記「1.医薬組成物」で記載した、医薬組成物の使用方法と同様に使用できることに加えて、疾病の治療又は予防を目的としない範囲においても使用することができる。すなわち、本発明に係る食品組成物に含まれるクエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を基準としたとき、食品組成物中のクエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物の使用量が、前記医薬組成物に含まれるクエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物と同量になるように、前記医薬組成物の適用対象に適用することができる。また、1つの実施態様において、本発明に係る「食品組成物」は、「病的な」又は「異常な」症状、状態又は疾患を有しない対象(例えば、ヒト又はその他の哺乳動物)、すなわち、「健常な」又は「正常な」状態にある対象(例えば、ヒト又はその他の哺乳動物)に対して、「健常な」又は「正常な」状態を維持するため、又は増進するために適用することができる。更には、「貧血が気になる健常人」に対して、「健常な」又は「正常な」状態を維持するため、又は増進するために適用することができる。この場合、前記クエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物が医薬組成物の成分であっても、又は食品組成物の成分であっても、前記クエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物それ自体の薬理効果は、基本的に同じであるので、前記食品組成物の適用量及び適用方法は、期待する効果に応じて、前記クエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を基準として、適宜、調整することができる。
したがって、本発明に係る食品組成物の実施の形態としては以下が挙げられる。
<11>貧血を抑制する方法であって、貧血の抑制が必要な対象に、有効量のクエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む食品組成物を摂取させる方法;
<111>貧血を抑制するための、クエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む食品組成物の使用;
<1111>貧血抑制用の食品組成物を製造するための、クエン酸、クエン酸の食品として許容可能な塩、若しくはそれらの水和物又はそれらの混合物の使用。
本発明に係る食品組成物は、その包装、容器、又は説明書に、貧血抑制等の効果が表示されていることが好ましい。
ステージG2~G3bの慢性腎臓病患者(eGFR:30~89 ml/min/1.73m2)47名をクエン酸カリウム・クエン酸ナトリウム水和物配合製剤投与群(A群:16名)、重曹(炭酸水素ナトリウム)製剤投与群(B群:16名)及びコントロール群(C群:15名)に無作為に分けた。各群に、年齢、性別、糖尿病の有無、eGFRが偏らないように患者を割り付けした。各群には、「CKD診療ガイド-治療のまとめ」に基づく治療(以下、標準治療と称す)を行った。
血清の鉄濃度はニトロソ-PSAP法で、フェリチン濃度はCLEIA(化学発光酵素免疫測定法)法で測定した。
統計解析は、群間比較にはMann-Whitney検定を使用し、経時変化の比較にはWilcoxon検定を使用した。また、相関性に関してはPearson検定を使用した。
測定結果から、A群(クエン酸カリウム・クエン酸ナトリウム水和物配合製剤投与群)、B群(炭酸水素ナトリウム製剤投与群)及びC群(コントロール群)の各患者について、以下を算出した:
(ii)投与開始後6週、12週、24週の血清中の鉄濃度
(iii)投与開始後24週の血清中のフェリチン濃度
(iv)投与開始後24週におけるフェリチン濃度と、投与開始前の血清中のフェリチン濃度の比(投与開始後24週における血清中のフェリチン濃度/投与開始前の血清中のフェリチン濃度)
(viii)投与開始後24週の血清中のフェリチン濃度の投与開始前からの変化量
結果を以下の表に示した。なお、表中及び図中では、A群:クエン酸カリウム・クエン酸ナトリウム水和物配合製剤投与群を“Citrate”、B群:炭酸水素ナトリウム製剤投与群を“Bicarbonate”と記載した。
表2:投与開始前及び投与開始後24週における血清中のフェリチン濃度(ng/mL);投与開始後24週における血清中のフェリチン濃度と、投与開始前の血清中のフェリチン濃度との比(%);及び血清中のフェリチン濃度の投与開始前からの変化量(ng/mL)、
Claims (3)
- クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはその水和物又はそれらの混合物を含む、貧血を伴う慢性腎臓病におけるアシドーシスの治療又は予防用医薬組成物。
- クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはその水和物又はそれらの混合物が1~3g/日で投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- クエン酸、クエン酸の医薬的に許容可能な塩、若しくはその水和物又はそれらの混合物が1~1.5g/日で投与される、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
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