WO2020212727A1 - Procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020212727A1
WO2020212727A1 PCT/IB2019/053079 IB2019053079W WO2020212727A1 WO 2020212727 A1 WO2020212727 A1 WO 2020212727A1 IB 2019053079 W IB2019053079 W IB 2019053079W WO 2020212727 A1 WO2020212727 A1 WO 2020212727A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fumes
pressure
flame
aspiration
representative
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2019/053079
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Grégory MAES
Jean-François QUENTON
Jean-Baptiste PIOT
Gabriel Vergniez
Original Assignee
Arcelormittal
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arcelormittal filed Critical Arcelormittal
Priority to BR112021018781A priority Critical patent/BR112021018781A2/pt
Priority to CA3133389A priority patent/CA3133389A1/fr
Priority to EP19726148.0A priority patent/EP3956482A1/fr
Priority to MX2021012622A priority patent/MX2021012622A/es
Priority to UAA202106414A priority patent/UA127824C2/uk
Priority to PCT/IB2019/053079 priority patent/WO2020212727A1/fr
Priority to PCT/IB2020/052919 priority patent/WO2020212782A1/fr
Publication of WO2020212727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020212727A1/fr
Priority to ZA2021/06562A priority patent/ZA202106562B/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/02—Observation or illuminating devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C2005/5288—Measuring or sampling devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2300/00—Process aspects
    • C21C2300/06—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
    • C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0031—Regulation through control of the flow of the exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0068—Regulation involving a measured inflow of a particular gas in the enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0084—Controlling closure systems, e.g. doors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D2021/0007—Monitoring the pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention deals with a method to control exhaust fumes aspiration during a steelmaking process.
  • pig iron is poured into a ladle to be turned into steel, notably through decarburization. To do so oxygen is injected into the molten metal so that carbon contained in the pig iron reacts with O2 and form CO and CO2 in gaseous forms. This process thus generates a lot of fumes.
  • a converter is illustrated in figure 1. It usually comprises a ladle 2 containing molten metal and is overtopped by a fumes extraction device 3 to capture those exhaust fumes. This extraction device 3 is movable so as to be removed not to block the ladle 2 tilting when material is charged into the ladle or molten steel is discharged.
  • This extraction device 3 comprises, on its end closest to the ladle, a skirt 4 which is used to reduce the gap 5 between the extraction device 3 and the lip 6 of the ladle, depending on the steelmaking process stage.
  • a big quantity of CO is formed which is explosive in atmosphere containing more than 6% of oxygen.
  • air There is so need for air to get in contact with CO so as to reduce the 0 2 content and let CO be turned in CO2 by reaction with oxygen.
  • the skirt 4 of the extraction device is moved away from the lip 6 of the ladle so the gap is large.
  • the skirt 4 is either close to the lip 6 and the gap 5 is for example of 10 cm, or it may be over the lip, so as to extract most of the fumes and avoid their release into the atmosphere. Once captured these fumes are generally cleaned to remove dust particles and their heat is reused in the plant.
  • the quantity of recovered fumes is notably linked to the aspiration performed by the extraction device.
  • Said aspiration may be controlled by aspiration means such as venturies, fans or shutters integrated into the fumes extraction device. If there is an over-aspiration the pressure inside the extraction device is high and it may damage the extraction device, it also implies that outside air enters the extraction device together with the fumes. This air being colder than the fumes it creates temperature variations which have a thermal impact on the equipment and reduces its lifetime. On the contrary in case of under-aspiration, fumes may escape from the aspiration and be released into the atmosphere which is detrimental for environment and they may damage the surrounding equipment such as cable cranes. Moreover, pressure fluctuations are detrimental to the lifetime of the extraction device and it’s necessary to keep the pressure of the extracted fumes as constant as possible.
  • the method of the invention may also comprise the following optional characteristics considered separately or according to all possible technical combinations
  • the at least one value representative of the flame is at least one value representative of the flame size
  • the at least one value representative of the flame size takes into account the light intensity of the flame
  • the pressure representative of the pressure of the aspired fumes is the difference between the pressure of the aspired fumes and the atmospheric pressure.
  • the invention is also related to a device to control an exhaust fumes extraction device during a steelmaking process in a steelmaking ladle, said device comprising:
  • a processor able to calculate at least one value representative of the flame based on the at least one captured flame image
  • controller able to control the aspiration of the fumes based on said value representative of the flame and on the measured pressure
  • the device of the invention may also comprise the following optional characteristics considered separately or according to all possible technical combinations the steelmaking ladle is a converter,
  • the exhaust fumes extraction device has a skirt and the means to measure the pressure are located on said skirt
  • the steelmaking ladle is an electric arc furnace
  • the means to measure the pressure are located at the gap between the exhaust fumes extraction device and the electric arc furnace,
  • the camera is a camera in the visible spectrum
  • the camera is an IR camera.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device for a steelmaking process according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a converter to perform a steelmaking process.
  • a converter is a specific example of a device to perform a steelmaking process but the invention may be applied to any appropriate device to perform a steelmaking process, such as an AOD or an Electric Arc Furnace.
  • the ladle 2 is overtopped by a fumes extraction device 3 comprising a tube 9 through which fumes are aspired and then circulated into a cleaning unit (not represented).
  • Aspiration within the tube 9 is controlled by control means such as shutters 7A, 7B, fan 8 or venturies (not represented). Those control means may indifferently be located upstream, downstream or inside the cleaning unit.
  • the extraction device 3 also comprises a skirt 4 on the side directed to the lip 6 of the converter, i.e. towards the top of the ladle 2.
  • the skirt 4 is movable and forms a gap 5, whose height may vary depending on the process stage, with the ladle lip 6. Flames 10 are formed by the reactions occurring within the ladle and they can either be visible within the gap 5 or escape from this gap, as illustrated in figure 1.
  • at least one camera 1 1 is positioned so as to be able to capture at least one image of said flame.
  • the camera may be a camera in the visible spectrum or an Infrared camera, either near (wavelength 0,75-1 ,4 pm) or long IR (8-15pm).
  • the captured flame image is then sent to a processor 12, which is able to calculate at least one value representative of the flame, based on the at least one captured flame image.
  • This value maybe for example a number of pixels occupied by the flame image within a given frame, a height, a width or an intensity of the flame. In a preferred embodiment this value is the number of pixels in a given frame, expressed in percent, multiplied by the percentage of the captured image which is saturated.
  • An example of captured image is illustrated in figure 2. In this example, the filling rate of the flame in the white frame is of 28% and the saturation rate, which corresponds to the percentage of white flame is of 14.5%, which gives a representative value V f of the flame of 17.
  • This representative value V f is sent to a controller 14 which combines it with a pressure representative of the pressure of the aspired fumes V p .
  • This pressure is measured by pressure sensors 13 which may be located for example in the skirt 4. Either directly the measured pressure, or the difference between this measured pressure and the atmospheric pressure, may be used by the controller 14 in combination with the representative V f value of the flame.
  • This pressure may also be an average value of previous measurement. For example, an average value of the difference between measured pressure at skirt level and the atmospheric pressure has been used in the example of figure 2, which represents a value V p of 5 Pascal (Pa).
  • the controller is able to detect an over or an under-aspiration and then to control the aspiration means accordingly. This can be done, for example, by comparing those two values or their combination with threshold values. For example, in case of over-aspiration the shutters 7A, 7B may be shut down and/or the fan power reduced. On the opposite, in case of under-aspiration, the shutters may be opened and/or the fan power increased.
  • the controller 14 and the processor 12 may be two distinct devices but could also be one single device able to perform all previously mentioned actions related to those two devices.
  • the processor 12, the camera 1 1 , the controller 14, the aspiration means 7A, 7B, 8 may be either physically connected to one another or signals may be sent wirelessly from one device to another.
  • V f AV P + BV f
  • a and B are calibration coefficients which may vary from one installation to another.
  • A is equal to 0.4 and B to 0.6, which gives a signal value V s of 12eqPa (this unit means equivalent Pascal).
  • the set point of the aspiration control means was set at a pressure of 7Pa and so it means there is an over-aspiration and shutters must be opened to reduce aspiration. In this specific example shutters were used as control means but any other suitable control means could have been used.
  • Trials were done on a steelmaking process performed with a converter as the one illustrated in figure 1.
  • One camera 1 1 in the visible spectrum was positioned on the roof of the operator desk and turned towards the gap 5 between the ladle and the skirt.
  • the aspiration control was done at the shutters level.
  • the steelmaking process was performed in a classical way, and during this process a 1 st part of the aspiration control was performed manually, as in prior art, and a 2 nd part with a method according to the invention.
  • NCV Net Calorific Value and represents the quantity of heat released by the combustion of 1 kg of considered product under standardized conditions. Higher the NCV is, more energy is produced by the considered product. Results are illustrated in table 1.
  • figure 3 illustrates the percentage of CO, N 2 and C0 2 within the captured fumes when using a method according to the invention (results in the dotted frame).
  • N2 percentage is first reduced and then remains stable during a period which corresponds to a process window of high decarburization. It means that the system is more stable and there are less unwilling air entries. This implies less wear of the device and an increased lifetime.
  • the method and the device according to the invention allow to reduce the environmental impact of the steelmaking process and to increase the lifetime of the fumes extraction device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier dans une louche d'élaboration d'acier, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à : - capturer au moins une image des flammes s'échappant de la partie supérieure de la louche d'élaboration d'acier, - calculer au moins une valeur représentant la taille et/ou l'intensité de la flamme sur la base de ladite image de flamme capturée, - mesurer une pression représentant la pression des fumées aspirées, - réguler l'aspiration des fumées en fonction de ladite valeur représentant la flamme et de la pression mesurée.
PCT/IB2019/053079 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier WO2020212727A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR112021018781A BR112021018781A2 (pt) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Método para controlar a aspiração de fumos de escape e dispositivo para controlar um dispositivo de extração de fumos de escape
CA3133389A CA3133389A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Procede de commande d'aspiration de fumees d'echappement pendant un processus d'elaboration d'acier
EP19726148.0A EP3956482A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier
MX2021012622A MX2021012622A (es) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Metodo para controlar la aspiracion de humos de escape durante un proceso siderurgico.
UAA202106414A UA127824C2 (uk) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Метод контролю аспірації відпрацьованих газів під час виробництва сталі
PCT/IB2019/053079 WO2020212727A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier
PCT/IB2020/052919 WO2020212782A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2020-03-27 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de produits de combustion pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier
ZA2021/06562A ZA202106562B (en) 2019-04-15 2021-09-07 Method to control exhaust fumes aspiration during a steelmaking process

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2019/053079 WO2020212727A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020212727A1 true WO2020212727A1 (fr) 2020-10-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2019/053079 WO2020212727A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de fumées d'échappement pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier
PCT/IB2020/052919 WO2020212782A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2020-03-27 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de produits de combustion pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2020/052919 WO2020212782A1 (fr) 2019-04-15 2020-03-27 Procédé de commande d'aspiration de produits de combustion pendant un processus d'élaboration d'acier

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3956482A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112021018781A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3133389A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2021012622A (fr)
UA (1) UA127824C2 (fr)
WO (2) WO2020212727A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA202106562B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022207976A1 (de) 2022-08-02 2024-02-08 Sms Group Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahl in einem metallurgischen Gefäß

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01165712A (ja) * 1987-12-21 1989-06-29 Nippon Steel Corp 転炉の排ガス回収制御方法
US8565282B2 (en) * 2009-02-13 2013-10-22 Nucor Corporation Furnace damper control system and method
US20170335417A1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2017-11-23 Sms Group Gmbh Method and apparatus for controlling the pressure in the exhaust gas duct of a converter
WO2019004157A1 (fr) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Procédé de surveillance de fonctionnement de convertisseur et procédé de fonctionnement de convertisseur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01165712A (ja) * 1987-12-21 1989-06-29 Nippon Steel Corp 転炉の排ガス回収制御方法
US8565282B2 (en) * 2009-02-13 2013-10-22 Nucor Corporation Furnace damper control system and method
US20170335417A1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2017-11-23 Sms Group Gmbh Method and apparatus for controlling the pressure in the exhaust gas duct of a converter
WO2019004157A1 (fr) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Procédé de surveillance de fonctionnement de convertisseur et procédé de fonctionnement de convertisseur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA3133389A1 (fr) 2020-10-22
ZA202106562B (en) 2022-06-29
BR112021018781A2 (pt) 2021-11-23
MX2021012622A (es) 2021-11-12
EP3956482A1 (fr) 2022-02-23
WO2020212782A1 (fr) 2020-10-22
UA127824C2 (uk) 2024-01-10

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