WO2020211234A1 - Composition d'aliment pour abeilles et son procédé de préparation - Google Patents

Composition d'aliment pour abeilles et son procédé de préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020211234A1
WO2020211234A1 PCT/CN2019/101958 CN2019101958W WO2020211234A1 WO 2020211234 A1 WO2020211234 A1 WO 2020211234A1 CN 2019101958 W CN2019101958 W CN 2019101958W WO 2020211234 A1 WO2020211234 A1 WO 2020211234A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bee
feed composition
bees
honey
carob
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PCT/CN2019/101958
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭智华
徐双华
Original Assignee
尤璐库莫有限公司
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Publication of WO2020211234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020211234A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, in particular to a bee feed composition and a preparation method thereof.
  • honeybees As a completely metamorphic insect, the growth and development of honeybees show different physiological changes depending on the developmental stage and environment.
  • Honey, bee pollen, and royal jelly are sources of nutrients for bees.
  • honey, pollen, and royal jelly are used and insufficient to provide sufficient nutrients for the reproductive development and reproduction of bees, it will affect the growth and development of bees.
  • Beekeepers supplement artificial bee food to make up for the lack of bee nutrients.
  • low-cost white sugar is used as the main ingredient, a little honey is mixed as food for the bees during the winter, and white sugar is mainly used for spring feeding, mixed with a little honey and pollen to enhance the nutrition of bees.
  • Chinese patent application 201610243136.4 uses pollen, white sugar and soybean powder, supplemented with yeast flakes and oxytetracycline tablets as additives to prepare bee feed. Although the raw materials are simple, the addition of antibiotics will affect the safety of honey and other products; Chinese patent application 201711082391.6 uses bee pollen , Sugar, yeast flakes, motherwort powder, soybean meal, vitamin E, edible salt, fish bone meal and other nutritional fortifiers to prepare bee feed.
  • the feed ingredients are complex and costly. At present, bee feeds often have problems such as incomplete nutrition, imbalance, complex raw material components, high costs, and complex preparation methods. Therefore, it is urgent to develop scientifically proportioned, rich and balanced nutrients, low cost, good food preference, and simple preparation methods. Commercialized bee feed to improve the survival rate, group vigor, fecundity and production performance of bee breeding.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bee feed composition with comprehensive and balanced nutrition, simple raw material components, and low cost, and a preparation method thereof.
  • the present invention provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared by using raw materials comprising the following components: carob syrup, honey and bee pollen; in the raw materials, the carob syrup has a mass percentage of 20% to 70%.
  • the carob syrup used in the present invention is prepared from the fruit pods of the carob tree.
  • Carob is an evergreen, drought-tolerant, fire-resistant, and anti-pollution tree species.
  • the fruit pods are edible and can be used as a substitute for chocolate.
  • the fruit pods of carob are convenient and easy to obtain, low in price, large in yield, and rich in Carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients, as well as anti-oxidation and immunity-enhancing active substances.
  • Using carob syrup as a raw material for bee feed has the advantages of environmental friendliness, convenience and availability, large output and low price.
  • Bee pollen and honey are traditional high-quality feed materials for bees. They are rich in protein, amino acids, lipids, minerals, vitamins, flavonoids, active enzymes and other functional substances. Bee pollen and honey are essential for the growth and reproduction of bees. It has an important role, but compared with natural plant raw materials, the cost of bee pollen and honey is relatively high. Moreover, only feeding honey and bee pollen has the problem of feed applicability due to the different needs of bees for nutrients at different developmental stages . Carob syrup contains abundant and easily absorbed monosaccharides, disaccharides, minerals, vitamins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, polyphenols and other substances.
  • carob syrup compounded with traditional bee feed ingredients bee pollen and honey can well meet the needs of bees for carbohydrates, protein, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients during the growth and reproduction process, and provide comprehensive , Balanced nutrition, promote the rapid growth and development of bees, improve their production performance, enhance reproduction and survival.
  • the present invention has found through a large number of experiments that when the weight ratio of carob syrup to bee pollen in the raw materials of the feed composition is (1-10): (1-10), the components can be better Cooperate, synergistically exert nutrition and efficacy.
  • the feed composition is prepared from raw materials including the following components:
  • the weight ratio of the carob syrup to bee pollen is (1-10): (1-10).
  • the feed composition is prepared by using carob syrup, honey and bee pollen.
  • the ratio of the above raw materials is as follows:
  • the weight ratio of the carob syrup to bee pollen is (2-10): (1-10).
  • the present invention also found that supplementing carob syrup, bee pollen and honey with linolenic acid or linolenic acid can better meet the nutrient requirements of bees, and at the same time can further increase feed preference and improve bee feed Digestion and absorption and the growth and development of bees improve production performance. Therefore, as a preference, the raw materials for preparing the bee feed composition of the present invention further include one or more selected from linolenic acid and linolenic acid.
  • the mass percentage of the linolenic acid or linolenic acid salt is 1%-10%.
  • the raw materials for preparing the feed composition include carob syrup, honey, bee pollen, and linolenic acid or linolenic acid
  • the proportions of the components are as follows:
  • the weight ratio of the carob syrup to bee pollen is (1-10): (1-10).
  • the feed composition adopts the following
  • the raw materials of the components are prepared from:
  • the weight ratio of the carob syrup to bee pollen is (5-10): (1-10).
  • the linolenic acid includes but not limited to ⁇ -linolenic acid, ⁇ -linolenic acid and the like.
  • the linolenic acid is ⁇ -linolenic acid.
  • the carob syrup is prepared by using carob fruit pods as a raw material, using water as a solvent, and using conventional methods in the art to extract and prepare.
  • the carob syrup used in the present invention has a solid content of 50% to 70%.
  • the present invention preferably performs drying and crushing treatment on the carob fruit before extraction.
  • the carob syrup is prepared by a method including the following steps: mixing dried and crushed carob fruit pods with water, extracting at 40-60°C, and extracting Centrifuge the solution, take the supernatant, concentrate, and get it.
  • the present invention preferably concentrates the supernatant liquid to a solid content of 50% to 70% in the above steps, so as to ensure that the composition meets the needs of bee growth and development in terms of nutrition.
  • bee pollen Different types have differences in their protein and other nutritional components and the content of functional active substances.
  • the present invention also found that the compounding effect of rape bee pollen with carob syrup, honey and linolenic acid is better, which is better for the growth and production of bees. Performance has a better promotion effect.
  • the bee pollen of the present invention is rape pollen.
  • the raw materials for preparing the feed composition are composed of carob syrup, honey, rape bee pollen and linolenic acid.
  • the weight parts of the above four components are as follows:
  • the weight ratio of the carob syrup to rape bee pollen is (5-10): (1-2).
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the above feed composition, which comprises: crushing, sieving, adding water and mixing the bee pollen, adding linolenic acid or linolenic acid and mixing uniformly, then adding carob syrup and honey, heating, mixing, and concentrating. .
  • the sieving is to pulverize the bee pollen and pass it through an 80-200 mesh sieve to collect the sieved bee pollen.
  • the present invention provides a bee feed, which includes the bee feed composition.
  • the bee feed is composed of the bee feed composition.
  • the bee feed is prepared by using the bee feed composition as an active ingredient and adding auxiliary materials permitted in the feed field.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the bee feed, which includes: crushing, sieving, adding water and mixing the bee pollen, adding linolenic acid or linolenic acid and mixing uniformly, then adding carob syrup and honey, heating, mixing, and concentrating. Or add additives allowed in the feed field to the heated and homogenized mixture, and it is obtained by concentration.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the bee feed composition prepared from carob syrup, bee pollen, honey and linolenic acid provided by the present invention creatively introduces carob syrup as the bee feed material, which can not only greatly reduce the bee feed in the feed.
  • the feed tastes good, and bees like to eat help promote the rapid growth and reproduction of bees, and improve the vigor of bees; help improve the survival rate of bees; at the same time, it can significantly increase the honey production of bees, and has low raw material costs.
  • the advantages of easy availability and simple feed preparation method have strong market promotion value.
  • bee pollen is rape bee pollen.
  • This embodiment provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared by using the following ingredients: 50 parts of carob syrup, 18 parts of bee pollen, and 30 parts of honey.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned bee feed composition, which is specifically as follows: take the bee pollen, superfinely crush it, pass a 200-mesh sieve, dissolve it in water 10 times the weight of the sieved bee pollen, add carob syrup and honey, Heating and mixing, concentrating to a solid content of 60%, to prepare bee feed.
  • This embodiment provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared by using the following ingredients: 50 parts of carob syrup, 18 parts of bee pollen, 30 parts of honey, and 2 parts of linolenic acid.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned bee feed composition, which is specifically as follows: take the bee pollen, superfinely crush it, pass a 200-mesh sieve, and dissolve it in 10 times the weight of the sieved bee pollen in water, add linolenic acid, and homogenize it. Then, carob syrup and honey are added, heated and mixed, and concentrated to a solid content of 60% to prepare bee feed.
  • This embodiment provides a bee feed composition prepared by using the following ingredients: 50 parts of carob syrup, 20 parts of bee pollen, 20 parts of honey, and 10 parts of linolenic acid.
  • the preparation method of the above bee feed composition is the same as that of Example 2.
  • This embodiment provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared by using the following ingredients: 50 parts of carob syrup, 5 parts of bee pollen, 40 parts of honey, and 5 parts of linolenic acid.
  • the preparation method of the above bee feed composition is the same as that of Example 2.
  • This embodiment provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared by using the following ingredients: 20 parts of carob syrup, 30 parts of bee pollen, 40 parts of honey, and 10 parts of linolenic acid.
  • the preparation method of the above bee feed composition is the same as that of Example 2.
  • This comparative example provides a bee feed composition, the component of which is honey.
  • This comparative example provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared by using the following raw materials: 18 parts of bee pollen and 30 parts of honey.
  • the preparation method of the above bee feed composition is specifically as follows: take the bee pollen, superfinely crush it, pass a 200-mesh sieve, dissolve it in water 10 times the weight of the sieved bee pollen, add honey, heat and mix, and concentrate to the solid content. For 60%, bee feed is prepared.
  • This comparative example provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared with the following ingredients: bee pollen 18, honey 30, and linolenic acid 2.
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned bee feed composition is specifically as follows: take the bee pollen, superfinely crush it, pass a 200-mesh sieve, dissolve it in water 10 times the weight of the sieved bee pollen, add linolenic acid, and homogenize, add honey, Heating and mixing, concentrating to a solid content of 60%, to prepare bee feed.
  • This comparative example provides a bee feed composition prepared by using the following raw materials: 50 parts of fructose syrup, 18 parts of bee pollen, 30 parts of honey, and 2 parts of linolenic acid.
  • the preparation method of the above bee feed composition is specifically as follows: take the bee pollen, superfinely crush it, pass through a 200-mesh sieve, dissolve it in 10 times the weight of the sieved bee pollen in water, add linolenic acid, and after the homogenization is uniform, add fruit grapes
  • the syrup and honey are heated and mixed uniformly, and concentrated to a solid content of 60% to prepare bee feed.
  • This comparative example provides a bee feed composition prepared by using the following raw materials: carob syrup 50, bee pollen 18, honey 30, and 2 parts of linoleic acid.
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned bee feed composition is specifically as follows: take the bee pollen, superfinely crush it, pass through a 200-mesh sieve, dissolve it in 10 times the weight of the sieved bee pollen in water, add linoleic acid, and after homogenization, add the corn Soy syrup and honey are heated and mixed, and concentrated to a solid content of 60% to prepare bee feed.
  • This comparative example provides a bee feed composition, which is prepared with the following ingredients: carob syrup 50, tea pollen 18, honey 30, and 2 parts of linolenic acid
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned bee feed composition is specifically as follows: take the tea pollen, smash it through a 200-mesh sieve, dissolve it in 10 times the weight of the sieved tea pollen in water, add linolenic acid, and after the homogenization is uniform, add carob The syrup and honey are heated and mixed uniformly, and concentrated to a solid content of 60% to prepare bee feed.
  • each group was fed with the bee feed of each embodiment and each comparative ratio. Before each feeding, add an equal and appropriate amount of water to mix the feed evenly, then cover it with clean plastic wrap and place it on the frame beam for bees to eat. Feed 100g a day, and change the food every 24h to ensure enough food. The test period is 120 days. During the test period, ensure that the feeding and management conditions of each group are consistent except for feed, and keep the inside and outside of the hive clean. In the later stage of the test, when there is a source of powder, depollinators are installed for each group of bees to control the field bees to collect pollen.
  • the results of the experiment are shown in Table 1.
  • the results show that there are differences in the feed intake of the bees on the feed of the different example groups; the feed intake of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 that only take honey or honey and bee pollen as the feed Significantly lower than the examples; the bee intake of the comparative example 3 and the comparative example 4 without adding carob syrup or replacing carob syrup with fructose syrup significantly reduced the bee intake, indicating that carob syrup can better compare with other groups Distributed compounding improves the palatability and nutrition of feed.
  • Example 1 70 ⁇ 0.52 a
  • Example 2 80 ⁇ 0.42 b
  • Example 3 75 ⁇ 0.38 c
  • Example 4 78 ⁇ 0.63 d
  • Example 5 74 ⁇ 0.53 e
  • Comparative example 1 20 ⁇ 0.42 g
  • Comparative example 2 30 ⁇ 0.32 h
  • Comparative example 3 40 ⁇ 0.72 i
  • Comparative example 4 39 ⁇ 0.22 f
  • Comparative example 5 65 ⁇ 0.42 f
  • Comparative example 6 71 ⁇ 0.62 a
  • Colony growth rate (%) (number of bees in the colony at the end of the test-number of bees in the colony at the beginning of the test) / number of bees in the colony at the start of the test ⁇ 100%
  • the calculation method of group potential count the number of spleens in the beehive.
  • the experimental results of the survival rate of bees are shown in Table 3. The results show that the survival rate of bees in each example group is significantly higher than that of the comparative group, indicating that the bee feed in the example group is beneficial to the bees resisting the external environment, prolonging survival time and improving Survival rate.
  • Example 1 Group Number of tags/only Survival rate (%) Example 1 30 19 ⁇ 3.27 a Example 2 30 38 ⁇ 3.51 b Example 3 30 31 ⁇ 3.14 c Example 4 30 30 ⁇ 3.14 d Example 5 30 25 ⁇ 3.14 e Comparative example 1 30 5 ⁇ 3.14 Comparative example 2 30 10 ⁇ 3.14 Comparative example 3 30 11 ⁇ 3.14 Comparative example 4 30 13 ⁇ 3.14 f Comparative example 5 30 16 ⁇ 3.14 g Comparative example 6 30 25 ⁇ 3.14 h
  • the 22 summer bee colonies of Italian honeybees in the northern area with similar colony were selected and randomly divided into 11 groups, and were fed with the bee feed of Examples 1 to 5 and the bee feed of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 respectively.
  • each group was fed with the bee feed of each embodiment and each comparative ratio. Feed 100g a day and change the food every 24h to ensure enough food.
  • the test period is 15 days. During the test period, ensure that the feeding and management conditions of each group are the same except for the feed, and keep the inside and outside of the hive clean.
  • a depollinator is installed on each group of bees to control the field bees to collect pollen. After the test is over, take the net comb honey and weigh it. Calculate the growth rate of honey production.
  • Growth rate of honey production (honey weight at the end of the test-honey weight at the start of the test)/honey weight at the start of the test ⁇ 100%
  • the invention provides a bee feed composition and a preparation method thereof.
  • the bee feed composition provided by the present invention is prepared by using raw materials including the following components: carob syrup, honey, bee pollen and one or more selected from linolenic acid and linolenic acid.
  • the bee feed composition of the present invention can provide comprehensive and balanced nutrition for bees through the synergistic combination of carob syrup, bee pollen, honey and linolenic acid, and well meet the needs of bee growth, reproduction and production performance; the taste of feed Good, bees are fond of food; it can significantly promote the rapid growth and reproduction of bees, improve the vigor and survival rate of bees, and at the same time increase the output and quality of honey and other products produced by bees, and has low raw material cost, easy availability, and feed preparation methods Simple and other advantages, it has better economic value and application prospects.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

Une composition d'aliment pour abeilles est préparée à partir de matières premières comprenant les composants suivants : un sirop de graines de caroube, du miel, du pollen d'abeilles, et un ou plusieurs éléments choisis parmi l'acide linolénique et le linolénate. La composition d'aliment pour abeilles peut fournir une nutrition complète et équilibrée pour les abeilles au moyen de la coopération synergique du sirop de graines de caroube et du pollen d'abeilles, du miel et de l'acide linolénique, ce qui permet de répondre aux exigences de la croissance et du développement, de la reproduction et de la performance de production des abeilles. L'aliment a un bon goût, et les abeilles aiment le manger. La composition d'aliment pour abeilles peut favoriser de manière significative la croissance et le développement rapides et la reproduction des abeilles, améliorer la population et le taux de survie des abeilles, et en même temps, améliorer le rendement et la qualité du miel et d'autres produits fabriqués par les abeilles. De plus, l'invention présente les avantages d'un faible coût des matières premières, de matières premières faciles à obtenir, d'un procédé de préparation d'aliment simple, etc., et présente une bonne valeur d'application.
PCT/CN2019/101958 2019-04-17 2019-08-22 Composition d'aliment pour abeilles et son procédé de préparation WO2020211234A1 (fr)

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CN201910309874.8A CN109892496B (zh) 2019-04-17 2019-04-17 一种蜜蜂饲料组合物及其制备方法
CN201910309874.8 2019-04-17

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CN109892496B (zh) * 2019-04-17 2022-09-09 北京中京丰创科技有限公司 一种蜜蜂饲料组合物及其制备方法
CN110558456A (zh) * 2019-08-29 2019-12-13 北京中京丰创科技有限公司 一种功能性巢蜜及其制备方法与应用
CN112314813A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-05 博罗县柏塘丰养蜂专业合作社 一种用于繁蜂的组合物

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