WO2020209198A1 - 保護素子 - Google Patents

保護素子 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020209198A1
WO2020209198A1 PCT/JP2020/015325 JP2020015325W WO2020209198A1 WO 2020209198 A1 WO2020209198 A1 WO 2020209198A1 JP 2020015325 W JP2020015325 W JP 2020015325W WO 2020209198 A1 WO2020209198 A1 WO 2020209198A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
wire
heating element
melting point
point metal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/015325
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
幸市 向
Original Assignee
デクセリアルズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by デクセリアルズ株式会社 filed Critical デクセリアルズ株式会社
Publication of WO2020209198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020209198A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/044—General constructions or structure of low voltage fuses, i.e. below 1000 V, or of fuses where the applicable voltage is not specified
    • H01H85/0445—General constructions or structure of low voltage fuses, i.e. below 1000 V, or of fuses where the applicable voltage is not specified fast or slow type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H01H85/11—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with applied local area of a metal which, on melting, forms a eutectic with the main material of the fusible member, i.e. M-effect devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protective element.
  • the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-074011 filed in Japan on April 9, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a metal wire is used as the fuse element for cutting off the current (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
  • a protective element that cuts off the current path in the event of an abnormality other than the occurrence of overcurrent an element using a heating element (heater) is known.
  • This protective element is configured to blow a fuse element by using the heat generated by the heating element by passing a current through the heating element in the event of an abnormality other than the generation of an overcurrent.
  • a fuse element for blocking heat generation using this heating element a coated structure (soluble conductor) in which the inner layer is a low melting point metal layer and the outer layer is a high melting point metal layer is known (Patent Documents 4 and 5). ).
  • the low melting point metal layer of the inner layer is melted by the heat generated by the heating element, and the high melting point metal layer is eroded (eroded) by the generated melt of the low melting point metal and fused.
  • the coating structure also functions as a fuse element for interrupting current by generating heat and melting the low melting point metal layer itself when an overcurrent flows. From this, the protective element having this coating structure has an advantage that both current cutoff and heat generation cutoff can be achieved at the same time.
  • JP-A-2002-373565 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-254634 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-162347 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-229293 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-229295
  • the protective element is used, for example, as a protective element for a charge / discharge circuit of a battery pack using a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • Packed batteries using lithium-ion secondary batteries are used in mobile devices such as notebook computers, mobile phones, and smartphones.
  • it has also been used as a power source for driving motors of electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric vehicles. It is desired that the charging time of mobile devices be shortened, and that the power supply for driving a motor is desired to have a short charging time and a high output. Therefore, the amount of current flowing through the charge / discharge circuit of the battery pack tends to increase.
  • a protective element that can quickly cut off the current path when an overcurrent occurs or other abnormality is desired.
  • an abnormality other than the occurrence of overcurrent occurs, such as a voltage fluctuation due to the battery life. Therefore, it is desirable that the protective element used in the charge / discharge circuit has a high interruption speed due to heat generation interruption.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a protective element having a high blocking speed by blocking heat generation.
  • the present invention provides the following means for solving the above problems.
  • the protective element according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an insulating substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode provided on at least one surface of the insulating substrate, and at least one of the insulating substrates.
  • One of the heating element provided on the surface of the above, the first heating element electrode and the second heating element electrode connected to the heating element, and the first heating element electrode and the second heating element electrode.
  • a third electrode connected to one side, a low melting point metal arranged on the surface of the third electrode, and at least one fuse element wire connecting the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the low melting point metal is in contact with at least a part of the fuse element wire, and by melting the low melting point metal, at least a part of the fuse element wire in contact with the low melting point metal. Is configured to be eroded and lysed.
  • the low melting point metal may be configured to contain tin.
  • the fuse element wire may be configured to contain copper, silver or gold.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows the example of the protection element which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.
  • 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows the example of the protection element which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a preferable example of the protective element according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an example of arrangement of electrodes and a heating element of the protective element according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic plan view showing the above, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. Note that the solders 41 and 42 are omitted in FIG.
  • the combination of the first short wire 31 and the second short wire 32 forms a fuse element wire connecting the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12.
  • the fuse element wire may be considered as a wire that generates heat and blows when an overcurrent occurs to cut off the current.
  • the heating element 20 may be arranged directly on the insulating substrate 10, but is not limited to this example.
  • the insulating substrate 10 has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 are formed on a pair of opposite end portions, and a first heat generation is generated on the other pair of opposite end portions.
  • a body electrode 13 and a second heating element electrode 14 are formed.
  • the insulating substrate 10, the first electrode 11, and the second electrode 12 are not in direct contact with each other.
  • the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 are directly contacted with each other at both ends of the heating element 20. However, these may be indirect connections as long as they are connected.
  • FIG. 2 may be considered as a configuration in the process of forming the protective element of FIG.
  • the insulating substrate 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a material having insulating properties, and can be arbitrarily selected.
  • substrates used for printed wiring boards such as ceramic substrates and glass epoxy substrates, glass substrates, resin substrates, insulated metal substrates, and the like can be preferably used.
  • a ceramic substrate which is an insulating substrate having excellent heat resistance and good thermal conductivity, is particularly suitable.
  • the shape and size of the insulating substrate 10 may be selected in terms of thickness as needed, and may have one or more through holes as needed.
  • the thickness of the insulating substrate 10 is preferably constant, but is not limited to this example.
  • the first electrode 11, the second electrode 12, the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 may be formed on two main surfaces of the insulating substrate 10, that is, the upper surface 10a and the lower surface 10b, respectively. it can.
  • the first electrode 11, the second electrode 12, the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 may each be formed from a combination of two electrodes.
  • the combination of the two electrodes may have a conductive portion in between.
  • the first electrode 11a on the upper surface side and the first electrode 11b on the lower surface side may be connected via the first conductive portion 11s
  • the second electrode 12a on the upper surface side and the lower surface may be connected.
  • the second electrode 12b on the side may be connected via the second conductive portion 12s.
  • the heating element 20 (heater) is made of a high-resistance conductive material that has relatively high resistance and generates heat when energized.
  • the heating element 20 can be arbitrarily selected.
  • a resistance paste composed of a conductive material such as ruthenium oxide or carbon black and an inorganic binder such as water glass or an organic binder such as a thermosetting resin is prepared. May be formed by applying and, if necessary, firing.
  • a thin film such as ruthenium oxide or carbon black may be formed through the steps of printing, plating, vapor deposition, and sputtering, and further, the heating element 20 is formed by attaching or laminating these films. You may.
  • the heating element 20 is preferably covered with an insulating member 21.
  • the heating element 20 may cover the entire exposed surface of the insulating member 21.
  • a third electrode 16 is arranged on the upper surface of the insulating member 21. That is, the insulating member 21 is preferably arranged between the heating element 20 and the third electrode 16.
  • the third electrode 16 is connected to the second heating element electrode 14 via a leader wire 15. When the heating element 20 generates heat, the heat is transferred to the third electrode 16 via the second heating element electrode 14 and the leader wire 15.
  • the thickness of the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 can be arbitrarily selected, and may be the same as or larger than the thickness of the heating element 20.
  • At least a part of the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 may be covered with the insulating member 21, or may not be covered at all. In a plan view, it is preferable that the heating element, the insulating member, the low melting point metal, and the fuse element wire overlap each other.
  • the material of the insulating member 21 can be arbitrarily selected, and for example, an insulating material such as ceramics or glass can be used.
  • the insulating member 21 can be formed, for example, by forming a paste of an insulating material, applying the paste, and firing the paste.
  • the material of the leader wire 15 and the third electrode 16 can be arbitrarily selected, but the same materials as those of the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 can be used.
  • a method of preparing a metal or alloy paste, applying the same, and firing as necessary similarly to the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14, a method of preparing a metal or alloy paste, applying the same, and firing as necessary. It can also be formed by a known method used as an electrode forming method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
  • the low melting point metal 30 can be arbitrarily selected, but the melting point is within the range of the heating temperature (usually about 220 ° C.) or more at the time of reflow performed when mounting the protective element 1a and 280 ° C. or less. It is preferable to have.
  • the low melting point metal include Sn—Sb alloy, Bi—Sn—Pb alloy, Bi—Pb alloy, Bi—Sn alloy, Sn—Pb alloy, Sn—Ag alloy, Pb-In alloy, Zn—Al alloy, and the like.
  • the straight line connecting the first electrode and the second electrode and the fuse element wire intersect each other on the insulating substrate in a plan view, but they do not have to intersect.
  • the angle at which the straight line and the wire intersect can be arbitrarily selected, and may be, for example, 0 to 45 degrees, 0 to 10 degrees, or 10 to 45 degrees. It is desirable that the temperature is 0 to 10 degrees because the height can be reduced, that is, the element can be made thin, and the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode can be shortened. However, it is not limited to these examples.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of a protection circuit using the protection element 1a according to the first embodiment.
  • the first short wire 31 or the second short wire 32 When an overcurrent occurs in the protection circuit 2, the first short wire 31 or the second short wire 32 generates heat due to the overcurrent and blows, thereby interrupting the current path of the protection circuit 2 (current cutoff). ).
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a protective element according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG.
  • the fuse element wire is a long wire 33 that directly connects the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12. Is different from the protective element 1a according to the first embodiment.
  • the parts common to the protective element 1c of the third embodiment and the protective element 1a of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the heat generated by the heating element 20 is transferred in the same manner as in the case of the protective element 1b according to the second embodiment. Further, the material of the long wire 33, the method of connecting the long wire 33 to the first electrode 11 and / or the second electrode 12, and the method of contacting the long wire 33 with the low melting point metal 30 are described in the third method. This is the same as the case of the protective element 1c of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a protective element according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII of FIG.
  • the protective element 1e according to the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 12 has a plurality of long wires 33 and the low melting point metal 30 is connected to the plurality of long wires 33.
  • the parts common to the protective element 1e of the fourth embodiment and the protective element 1c of the third embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the protective element 1e of the fifth embodiment has a plurality of long wires 33, even if the diameter of each long wire 33 is reduced, the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are connected. The capacity of the current that can flow between them can be increased. Then, by reducing the diameter of each long wire 33, the time until the long wire 33 is eroded by the melt of the low melting point metal 30 and melted can be shortened.
  • the number of long wires 33 can be arbitrarily selected. The number may be 1 to 20, 1 to 10, 1 to 6, or 1 to 3, but the number is not limited to these examples.
  • the current path can be cut off by cutting off the current, and when an abnormality other than the occurrence of the overcurrent occurs, the current is cut off by heat generation.
  • the route can be blocked.
  • the cutoff time due to current cutoff and the cutoff time due to heat generation cutoff can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter and the number of parallel wires of the fuse element wires (first short wire 31, second short wire 32, and / or long wire 33). it can. Further, the cutoff time due to heat generation cutoff can be adjusted by the type of the fuse element wire and the low melting point metal 30.
  • the fuse element wire is only partially in contact with the low melting point metal 30 arranged on the third electrode 16. Therefore, for example, the fuse element wire is not easily deformed even when the low melting point metal 30 is partially melted by heating at the time of reflow performed when the protective element 1a is mounted.
  • the first electrode 11, the second electrode 12, the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 are formed on the upper surface 10a and the lower surface 10b of the insulating substrate 10, respectively. I explained it as if it were. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the first electrode 11, the second electrode 12, the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14 may be formed on at least one of the upper surface 10a and the lower surface 10b of the insulating substrate 10. ..
  • the third electrode 16 has been described as being connected to the second heating element electrode 14 via the leader wire 15.
  • the third electrode 16 may be connected to the first heating element electrode 13.
  • Example 1 the protective element 1c according to the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 was produced.
  • a rectangular insulating substrate 10 (size: 3 ⁇ 4 mm) was prepared.
  • a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 are formed on a pair of facing ends of an insulating substrate, and a first heating element electrode is formed on the other pair of facing ends. 13 and a second heating element electrode 14 were formed.
  • the heating element 20 was arranged on the insulating substrate 10 so as to be in contact with the first heating element electrode 13 and the second heating element electrode 14.
  • the surface of the heating element was covered with an insulating member.
  • a third electrode 16 was formed on the surface of the insulating member.
  • a leader wire 15 connecting them was formed between the third electrode 16 and the second heating element electrode 14.
  • the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are connected as a long wire 33 by using one silver wire (diameter D: 0.05 mm, length L: 0.5 mm). did.
  • the connection between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 and the silver wire was performed by a ball bonding method.
  • a melt of the low melting point metal 30 (tin alloy) is applied onto the third electrode 16 and solidified to prepare a protective element. did.
  • Cross-sectional area S (diameter D / 2) x (diameter D / 2) x ⁇
  • Cut portion volume ratio is a relative value with the cut portion volume of Example 1 as 1.
  • the specific surface area ratio is a relative value with the surface area of Example 1 as 100%.
  • Protective element 2 Protective circuit 10 Insulated substrate 10a Upper surface 10b Lower surface 11 First electrode 11a Upper surface side first electrode 11b Lower surface side first electrode 11s First conductive part 12 Second Electrode 12a Second electrode on the upper surface side 12b Second electrode on the lower surface side 12s Second conductive part 13 First heating element electrode 14 Second heating element electrode 15 Leader wire 16 Third electrode 20 Heating element 21 Insulation Member 30 Low melting point metal 31 First short wire 32 Second short wire 33 Long wire 41, 42, 43, 44 Solder part 51 Lithium ion secondary battery 52 Switching element 53 Control element

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
PCT/JP2020/015325 2019-04-09 2020-04-03 保護素子 WO2020209198A1 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019074011A JP2020173920A (ja) 2019-04-09 2019-04-09 保護素子
JP2019-074011 2019-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020209198A1 true WO2020209198A1 (ja) 2020-10-15

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PCT/JP2020/015325 WO2020209198A1 (ja) 2019-04-09 2020-04-03 保護素子

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JP (1) JP2020173920A (zh)
TW (1) TW202109585A (zh)
WO (1) WO2020209198A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024018863A1 (ja) * 2022-07-20 2024-01-25 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001325868A (ja) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Sony Chem Corp 保護素子
JP2015225786A (ja) * 2014-05-28 2015-12-14 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子
JP2016071973A (ja) * 2014-09-26 2016-05-09 デクセリアルズ株式会社 実装体の製造方法、温度ヒューズ素子の実装方法及び温度ヒューズ素子
US20170229272A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2017-08-10 Sm Hi-Tech Co.,Ltd. Smd micro mixed fuse having thermal fuse function and method for manufacturing the same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6538364B2 (ja) * 2015-02-05 2019-07-03 内橋エステック株式会社 保護素子

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001325868A (ja) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Sony Chem Corp 保護素子
JP2015225786A (ja) * 2014-05-28 2015-12-14 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子
JP2016071973A (ja) * 2014-09-26 2016-05-09 デクセリアルズ株式会社 実装体の製造方法、温度ヒューズ素子の実装方法及び温度ヒューズ素子
US20170229272A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2017-08-10 Sm Hi-Tech Co.,Ltd. Smd micro mixed fuse having thermal fuse function and method for manufacturing the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024018863A1 (ja) * 2022-07-20 2024-01-25 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子

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JP2020173920A (ja) 2020-10-22
TW202109585A (zh) 2021-03-01

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