WO2020187209A1 - 电池的直流阻抗的测量方法和装置，充电系统和终端设备 - Google Patents

电池的直流阻抗的测量方法和装置，充电系统和终端设备 Download PDF

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WO2020187209A1
WO2020187209A1 PCT/CN2020/079777 CN2020079777W WO2020187209A1 WO 2020187209 A1 WO2020187209 A1 WO 2020187209A1 CN 2020079777 W CN2020079777 W CN 2020079777W WO 2020187209 A1 WO2020187209 A1 WO 2020187209A1
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voltage
constant current
charging
current charging
charging stage
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PCT/CN2020/079777
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张加亮
谢红斌
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Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2020187209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020187209A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of charging, and more specifically, to a method and device for measuring the DC impedance of a battery, a charging system and terminal equipment.
  • the DC impedance is a very important parameter during the charging and discharging process of the battery, which mainly includes the true resistance and polarization impedance during the working process of the battery. Because of the uncertainty of polarization impedance, that is, it is determined by many factors such as charging temperature, depth of discharge (DoD), state of charge (SoC), charge and discharge rate, etc. And this has large fluctuations during each use, so it has been difficult to accurately test. However, if the DC impedance of the battery can be accurately known, the battery information during the charging and discharging process of the battery can be grasped more clearly to ensure the safety of the battery during the charging and discharging process.
  • This application provides a method and device for measuring the DC impedance of a battery, a charging system and terminal equipment.
  • a method for measuring the DC impedance of a battery is provided.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the method includes: determining the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage The difference between the size and the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage, wherein the size of the first voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the first voltage interval, and The size of the second voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the second voltage interval, and the battery uses the same first voltage interval when charging in the first voltage interval and when charging in the second voltage interval.
  • a device for measuring the DC impedance of a battery is provided.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the measuring device includes: a first determining unit for determining the first constant current charging The difference between the size of the first voltage interval in the stage and the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage, wherein the size of the first voltage interval is the end value of the first voltage interval and the starting value
  • the size of the second voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the second voltage interval, and the battery is charged in the first voltage interval and in the second voltage interval.
  • the second determining unit is configured to be based on the The difference, and the charging current, determine the amount of change in the DC impedance of the battery between the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage.
  • a device for measuring the DC impedance of a battery is provided.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the measuring device includes: at least one circuit for performing the first The method described in one aspect.
  • a device for measuring the DC impedance of a battery is provided.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the measurement device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a program Code, the processor is used to call the program code to execute the method described in the first aspect.
  • a charging system which includes the measuring device and battery described in the third or fourth aspect.
  • a terminal device which includes the measuring device and battery described in the third or fourth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a segmented constant current charging mode provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of a segmented constant current charging mode provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring DC impedance of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic flowchart of a method for measuring the DC impedance of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic flowchart of the method for measuring the DC impedance of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic flowchart of the method for measuring the DC impedance of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a device for measuring DC impedance of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic block diagram of a device for measuring DC impedance of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the DC impedance is a very important parameter in the charging and discharging process of the battery, which mainly includes the true resistance and polarization impedance during the working process of the battery. Because of the uncertainty of polarization impedance, that is, it is determined by many factors such as charging temperature, depth of discharge (DoD), state of charge (SoC), charge and discharge rate, etc. And this has large fluctuations during each use, so it has been difficult to accurately test. However, if the DC impedance of the battery can be accurately known, the battery information during the charging and discharging process of the battery can be grasped more clearly to ensure the safety of the battery during the charging and discharging process.
  • the present application provides a method 300 and device 400 for measuring the DC impedance of a battery, a charging system 500, and a terminal device 600, which can effectively measure the change in impedance, so that battery information during battery charging can be understood more accurately.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode, and the method 300 includes:
  • S310 In the process of charging the battery, determine the difference between the size of the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage and the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage, where the first voltage interval
  • the magnitude of is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the first voltage interval
  • the magnitude of the second voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the second voltage interval.
  • the charging in the second voltage interval corresponds to the same first charging temperature and/or the first charging duration, and the charging currents in the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage are the same;
  • S320 Based on the difference and the charging current, determine the amount of change in the DC impedance of the battery between the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage.
  • the method 300 further includes:
  • S330 Determine the DC impedance of the second constant current charging stage based on the DC impedance of the first constant current charging stage and the amount of change in the DC impedance.
  • the voltage start value of the first voltage interval is the same as the voltage start value of the second voltage interval; or, the voltage end value of the first voltage interval is the same as the voltage end value of the second voltage interval. the same.
  • the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the voltage starting value of the second voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage Voltage; the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is less than the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the method 300 further includes:
  • S311 Determine the charging time period when the battery reaches the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging phase in the second constant current charging phase as the first charging time length;
  • S312 Determine the voltage reached by the battery during the first constant current charging stage for the first charging duration as the voltage end value of the first voltage interval.
  • the method further includes:
  • the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage starting value of the second voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage Voltage
  • the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage
  • the method further includes:
  • S313 Determine the charging temperature at which the battery reaches the maximum charging voltage in the first constant current charging stage as the first charging temperature
  • S314 Determine the voltage reached when the battery reaches the first charging temperature during the second constant current charging stage as the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval and the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage in the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage in the n+kth charging process.
  • the first constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage.
  • the method further includes:
  • the ratio of the size of the voltage interval charged in the first constant current charging stage to the charging current in the first constant current charging stage is determined as the DC impedance of the first constant current charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging phase is a constant current charging phase during the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging phase is a constant current charging phase during the n+kth charging process.
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • n is less than or equal to a preset value.
  • n is equal to 1.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode
  • the measuring device 400 includes a first determining unit 410 and a second determining unit 410 Unit 420.
  • the first determining unit 410 is configured to determine the difference between the size of the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage and the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage.
  • the size of the first voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the first voltage interval
  • the size of the second voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the second voltage interval.
  • the battery uses the same first charging temperature and/or first charging duration when charging in the first voltage interval and when charging in the second voltage interval, and the charging current is the same in the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage.
  • the second determining unit 420 is configured to determine the amount of change in the DC impedance of the battery between the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage based on the difference and the charging current.
  • the measuring device 400 further includes a third determining unit 430.
  • the third determining unit 430 is configured to determine the DC impedance of the second constant current charging stage based on the DC impedance of the first constant current charging stage and the variation of the DC impedance.
  • the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is the same as the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage; and/or, the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is the same as the second The maximum charging voltage in the constant current charging stage is the same.
  • the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage starting value of the second voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage Voltage.
  • the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is less than the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the measuring device 400 further includes a fourth determining unit 440.
  • the fourth determining unit 440 is configured to: determine the charging time length when the battery reaches the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging phase in the second constant current charging phase as the first charging time length; and set the battery during the first constant current charging phase The voltage reached by the first charging duration of the intermediate charging is determined as the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval.
  • the measuring device 400 further includes a monitoring and recording unit 450.
  • the monitoring and recording unit 450 is used for real-time monitoring and recording of the charging time and the reached voltage of the battery in the first constant current charging stage.
  • the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage starting value of the second voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage Voltage
  • the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the measuring device 400 further includes a fifth determining unit 460.
  • the fifth determining unit 460 is configured to: determine the charging temperature at which the battery reaches the maximum charging voltage in the first constant current charging phase as the first charging temperature; and charge the battery to the first charging temperature during the second constant current charging phase The voltage reached at the time is determined as the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval and the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage in the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage in the n+kth charging process.
  • the first constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage.
  • the measuring device 400 further includes a sixth determining unit 470.
  • the sixth determining unit 470 is configured to determine the ratio of the size of the voltage interval charged in the first constant current charging stage to the charging current in the first constant current charging stage as the DC impedance of the first constant current charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging phase is a constant current charging phase during the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging phase is a constant current charging phase during the n+kth charging process.
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • n is less than or equal to a preset value.
  • n is equal to 1.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the measuring device includes at least one circuit, and at least one circuit is used to perform the DC impedance of the battery in any of the above embodiments. Impedance measurement method.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the measuring device includes a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store program codes, and the processor is used to call programs.
  • the code executes the method 300 for measuring the DC impedance of the battery in any of the above embodiments.
  • the charging system 500 in the embodiment of the present application includes the measuring device 510 and the battery 520 in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the terminal device 600 in the embodiment of the present application includes the measuring device 610 and the battery 620 in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • there are constant current charging stages with the same charging current and it can be based on the constant current charging stage with the same charging current.
  • the difference between the voltage increase in different charging processes (that is, the first voltage interval and the second voltage interval) is used to determine the DC impedance change between the constant current charging stages with the same charging current, that is, the application can
  • the constant current charging stage of the charging process the DC impedance change is determined, so as to avoid the need to pause a long charging time when determining the DC impedance of the battery, and the first voltage interval and the second voltage interval
  • the corresponding charging time and/or charging temperature are the same, so that the influence of charging time and/or charging temperature on determining the change in DC impedance can be avoided, so that the change in DC impedance can be determined more accurately, and further accurate understanding Charging information during the battery process.
  • the lithium ion battery mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the lithium ion battery mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • lithium ions are generated on the positive electrode of the battery, and the generated lithium ions move to the In the negative electrode, there are many micropores on the negative electrode, and the lithium ions reaching the negative electrode are inserted into the micropores.
  • a thin film will form on the surface of the negative electrode of the battery. The process of lithium ions entering the thin film is more difficult than entering the micropores.
  • the macroscopically shows that the charging is slower and slower, and the DC resistance becomes larger and larger.
  • the DC impedance of the battery can reflect the battery information during the charging and discharging process of the battery to ensure the safety of the battery during the charging and discharging process.
  • the charging of the battery in the embodiment of the present application may be charging in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the segmented constant current mode may include multiple constant current charging stages, and the charging current in any constant current charging stage may be constant.
  • the current in the previous constant current charging stage may be greater than or equal to the current in the subsequent constant current charging stage.
  • the current in multiple constant current charging stages may decrease uniformly or non-uniformly.
  • the charging duration of each constant current charging stage can be the same or different.
  • the voltage increase in different constant current charging stages can be the same or different.
  • each constant current charging stage can switch to the next charging stage when it reaches a specific voltage, a specific temperature or a specific charging time.
  • Each charging process can reach a specific voltage, a specific charging time or a specific charging time. Stop charging when charging temperature.
  • the charging process of different times may be the same in at least one of the following aspects, or may be the same in at least one of the following aspects: not the same:
  • the number of constant current charging stages, the voltage increase of the constant current charging stage in the same order (for example, the mth constant current charging stage in the charging process), the current magnitude of the constant current charging stage in the same order, the same order The maximum charging duration of the constant current charging stage, the maximum temperature that can be tolerated in the constant current charging stage of the same order, etc.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 respectively show schematic diagrams of segmented constant current charging modes of different embodiments.
  • switching is performed at a certain voltage.
  • the battery in the first constant current charging stage, the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A. Switch to the next current when it reaches 4.2V. For example, when the charging voltage reaches 4.2V, the current is switched to 1.5A. At this time, for the second constant current charging stage, the battery is charged with a constant current of 1.5A. When the charging voltage reaches 4.4V, the current is switched, and so on Until the battery is fully charged.
  • the switching is performed at the same interval.
  • the constant current of 4A is used from 0 to t1.
  • the current charges the battery.
  • the charging time reaches t1
  • the current is switched to the second constant current charging stage.
  • the charging time reaches 1 minute
  • the current is switched to 2A.
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A, and the charging duration is the same as that of the first constant current charging stage The same, and so on, until the battery is fully charged.
  • the DC impedance of the battery will also change. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, based on the size of the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage and the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage during the battery charging process (the first constant current charging stage).
  • the size of the first voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the first voltage interval
  • the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the second voltage interval
  • the DC impedance change can be obtained.
  • the DC impedance change can be the impedance change of a specific charging stage, so that the impedance change can be determined based on each stage without waiting until after the end of charging Can measure impedance and measure impedance difference.
  • the battery may be a lithium ion battery or a zinc ion battery, which is not limited in this application.
  • the method for measuring the DC impedance of the battery provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used in the testing phase to facilitate the setting of the switching current of the batteries produced in the same batch, and can also be used in practical applications, where a certain parameter in the battery When a certain value is reached, the current is switched, which is not limited in this application.
  • the method 300 for measuring the DC impedance of the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application may include step S310 to step S320.
  • S310 Determine the difference between the size of the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage and the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage, wherein the size of the first voltage interval is the first voltage interval.
  • the difference between the end value and the initial value of a voltage interval, the size of the second voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the second voltage interval, and the battery is in the first voltage interval.
  • the charging of and the charging in the second voltage interval correspond to the same first charging temperature and/or first charging duration, and the charging currents of the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage are the same.
  • the first constant current charging stage mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be any constant current charging stage or a specific constant current charging stage in the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging stage may be the n+kth charging Any constant current charging stage or specific constant current charging stage in the process.
  • the above-mentioned difference between the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage and the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage can be understood as: the voltage increase represented by the first voltage interval
  • the difference between the amount of voltage and the voltage increase represented by the second voltage interval can be understood as the difference between the end value and the initial value of the voltage interval
  • the size of the first voltage interval is the value of the first voltage interval
  • the difference between the end value and the start value, and the size of the second voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the start value of the second voltage interval.
  • the determination of the change in the DC impedance can be completed during the charging process, or the change in the DC impedance can be determined after the completion of the charging, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the first charging temperature mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a temperature interval, and the charging temperature of the first voltage interval and the second voltage interval are the same, which may mean that the initial charging temperature and the ending charging temperature are the same;
  • the charging temperature is the same as the termination temperature.
  • the first charging temperature may be a temperature value, for example, may refer to an average temperature during charging, for example, the average charging temperature in the first voltage interval and the second voltage interval are the same.
  • first and second of the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage in the embodiments of the present application are only for distinguishing the two, and should not limit the order in which they are in the charging process. .
  • the sequence of the first constant current charging phase in the constant current charging phase included in the nth charging process may be the same as the constant current charging phase included in the second constant current charging phase in the n+kth charging process
  • the order in the stages is the same.
  • the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage are the first constant current charging stage in the nth charging process and the n+kth charging process, respectively.
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A in the first constant current charging stage. After charging for 2 minutes, the voltage rises from 3.4V to 4.2V.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A for 2 minutes. At this time, the voltage may rise from 3.4 to 4.4V.
  • the first constant current charging The voltage difference corresponding to the stage is (that is, the size of the voltage interval or the voltage increase) 0.8V
  • the voltage difference corresponding to the second constant current charging stage is 1V (that is, the size of the voltage interval or the voltage increase)
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A during the first constant current charging stage.
  • the battery temperature is 20
  • the first constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A.
  • the voltage difference corresponding to the first constant current charging stage is 0.8V
  • the voltage difference corresponding to the second constant current charging stage is 1V, so during the two constant current charging processes, the same constant current charging
  • the voltage difference corresponding to the same current 2A to the same temperature is different in the phase.
  • the battery in the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage, can be charged with the same initial voltage and the same current, and the charging time is the same.
  • the measured voltage is used to calculate the battery in the first constant current charging stage.
  • the DC impedance of the battery will change accordingly and show a non-linear change. If the initial voltage of the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage and the second In the constant current charging stage, the starting voltage of the second voltage interval is different. If the battery is charged with the same current and the charging time is the same, there may be errors in the calculated DC impedance change, and the measurement accuracy is not the same. The measured accuracy of a starting voltage is accurate.
  • the n is less than or equal to a preset value.
  • the n is less than or equal to a preset value, and the preset value can be obtained through experience.
  • the change in battery impedance is not very large.
  • the change in the impedance of the battery is small, for example, 0.1 ohm. Even if we charge the battery in the same charging method, there will be no major damage to the battery.
  • the same charging method means that when n is less than or equal to a preset value, the charging method is the same every time, regardless of the influence of temperature and time on the battery, and each constant current charging stage of different charging processes is the same.
  • S320 determines the amount of change in the DC impedance of the battery between the first constant current stage and the second constant current stage. Specifically, when the voltage difference of the same constant current charging stage in different charging processes can be obtained, and the charging current in the charging process of this stage, the two can be calculated based on the voltage difference and the charging current. The amount of change in DC impedance during secondary charging.
  • the voltage difference corresponding to the first constant current charging stage is 0.8V
  • the voltage difference corresponding to the second constant current charging stage is 1V.
  • the amount of change in the DC impedance between the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage is 0.1 ohm.
  • the charging time is the same, and the voltage difference of the next time is greater than the voltage difference of the previous time. Therefore, for the same constant current charging stage for the same time, the DC impedance of the battery is increased. .
  • the battery is charged multiple times in stages by using the same constant current. By comparing the change of each segment of the DC impedance after multiple charges, it can be further understood that the battery has passed many times.
  • the aging situation after charging and discharging is used to determine the current switching to ensure the safety of the battery during the charging process.
  • the method 300 may further include step S330.
  • the DC impedance of the second constant current charging stage can be determined. For example, if the DC impedance of the first constant current charging stage during the first charging process is 5 ohms, and the change in the DC impedance of the second constant current charging stage relative to the first constant current charging stage is 0.5 ohms, the second constant current charging stage The DC impedance of the current charging stage is 5.5 ohms.
  • the voltage start value of the first voltage interval is the same as the voltage start value of the second voltage interval; or, the voltage end value of the first voltage interval is the same as the voltage end value of the second voltage interval.
  • the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the same, which can also achieve the effects of the following conditions mentioned above: the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is the same as the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage, assuming The minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is equal to the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval, and it is assumed that the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage is equal to the voltage starting value of the second voltage interval; or, The maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is the same as the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage, assuming that the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is equal to the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval, And it is assumed that the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage is equal to the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval.
  • the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval may be equal to or greater than the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, the voltage end value of the first voltage interval may be less than or equal to the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the second voltage The voltage starting value of the interval may be equal to or greater than the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage, and the voltage end value of the second voltage interval may be less than or equal to the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the larger of the two minimum charging voltages can be selected as the first voltage interval and the second voltage interval.
  • the termination value is then started with the termination value and pushed forward according to the first charging time length and/or the first charging temperature to determine the first voltage interval and the second voltage interval respectively.
  • the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is the same as the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the first The minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage and the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage are both 0V.
  • the calculation in this case The change in impedance of the direct current may be more effective to understand the aging of the battery during charging and discharging. It is assumed here that the minimum charging voltage in the first constant current charging stage is equal to the starting voltage of the first voltage interval, and It is assumed that the minimum charging voltage in the second constant current charging stage is equal to the starting voltage of the second voltage interval.
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A in the first constant current charging stage. After charging for 2 minutes, the voltage rises from 3.4V to 4.2V.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A, and the charging time is 2 minutes. At this time, the voltage may rise from 3.4V to 4.4V.
  • the battery is charged with the same current The voltage difference corresponding to 2 minutes of charging is 0.2V.
  • the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging phase is the same as the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging phase.
  • the end voltage of the last phase is the same. Both are 5V.
  • the ratio of the voltage difference between the two charges and the charging current can be directly used to calculate the change in DC impedance.
  • the amount of change in the DC impedance of the second constant current stage relative to the first constant current charging stage is not limited in this application, as long as the amount of change in the DC impedance at the same stage in the two charging processes can be calculated. Application examples.
  • the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the voltage starting value of the second voltage interval is the first 2.
  • the minimum charging voltage of the constant current charging stage, the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is less than the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the second constant The maximum charging voltage during the current charging phase.
  • the time to reach the voltage in the next time will be less than the time in the previous time to reach the voltage.
  • the current is switched to a smaller current to avoid continuing to charge the battery with the current before switching and causing battery damage.
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A during the first constant current charging stage. After charging for 2 minutes, the voltage rises from 3.4V to 4.2V.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A. It may reach 4.2V after 1.5 minutes of charging. At this time, the current should be switched to the next current, because if the current is still 2A Continue to charge the battery for 2 minutes, it is possible to charge the battery to its cut-off voltage or even exceed its cut-off voltage in a short time, which will seriously damage the performance or life of the battery.
  • the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval may not be the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage, and the change in DC impedance can also be measured if the maximum charging voltage is not reached.
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A during the first constant current charging stage. After charging for 2 minutes, the voltage rises from 3.4V to 4.2V.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A, and it may reach a voltage of 3.9V after charging for 1 minute. At this time, the change in the DC impedance of the battery within 1 minute can also be calculated.
  • the method 300 may further include steps S311-S312.
  • S311 Determine the first charging time duration when the battery reaches the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage in the second constant current charging stage.
  • the charging duration of is determined as the first charging duration.
  • the former and the latter are relative concepts, which are intended to indicate the amount of change in the impedance of the battery after multiple charging and discharging.
  • the former can be the first time, and the latter can be relative to the second time.
  • the 100th time; the previous time can also be the 50th time, and the next time can be the 51st time or the 200th time. This application does not limit this, as long as the next time is charged after the previous time.
  • the embodiments of this application can all be applied.
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A during the first constant current charging stage. After charging for 2 minutes, the voltage rises from 3.4V to 4.2V.
  • the first constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A. It may reach 4.2V after charging for 1.5 minutes. At this time, the current will be switched to the next current, so 1.5 minutes should be determined as The first charging time.
  • the current used before 1.5 minutes is the same current, and the voltage corresponding to the same constant current charging stage during the two charging processes at 1.5 minutes is used to determine the voltage difference, and then according to the voltage difference and The ratio of current determines the amount of change in DC impedance, so that the determined amount of change in DC impedance is more accurate.
  • S312 Determine the voltage reached by the battery during the first constant current charging stage during the first charging time period as the voltage end value of the first voltage interval.
  • the battery is charged with a constant current of 2A during the first constant current charging stage. After charging for 2 minutes, the voltage rises from 3.4V to 4.2V.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A. It may reach 4.2V after 1.5 minutes of charging, and it will switch to the next current to continue charging the battery.
  • the end voltage of the first constant current charging stage is determined to be 1.5 minutes as the first charging duration. Accordingly, the voltage corresponding to 1.5 minutes during the first constant current charging stage during the first charging process can be determined as the first The voltage termination value of a voltage interval.
  • determining the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is not only to find a reference value for switching currents, but also to better compare batteries in the same constant current charging stage during different charging processes. This can avoid The voltage exceeds the cut-off voltage due to excessive charging current. On the other hand, it is also possible to compare the change in DC impedance of the same battery during different charging processes without exceeding the cut-off voltage.
  • the charging duration and the reached voltage of the battery are monitored and recorded in real time.
  • the first constant current charging stage charges the battery with a constant current of 2A. After charging for 2 minutes, the voltage rises from 3.4 to 4.2V.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A. It may reach 4.2V after 1.5 minutes of charging, and it will switch to the next current to continue charging the battery.
  • the charging current is the same within 1.5 minutes, so you can find the voltage corresponding to the 1.5 minutes in the first charging process, and use the same charging time to calculate the battery DC impedance during the two charging processes The amount of change.
  • the change in DC impedance for 0.5 minutes or 1 minute can be determined, and the charging voltage corresponding to 0.5 minutes or 1 minute can be monitored in the first constant current charging stage, or the first constant current charging stage can be real-time Monitoring, recording the monitored content for subsequent search.
  • the specific monitoring method can be electronic monitoring, such as real-time monitoring of time and voltage, or video shooting, recording according to the content of video monitoring, or manual recording.
  • This application is not limited, as long as the corresponding time can be measured. Any voltage can be applied to the embodiments of this application.
  • the voltage starting value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage starting value of the second voltage interval is the first The minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage
  • the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage
  • the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the second constant The maximum charging voltage during the current charging phase.
  • the DC impedance will increase. If the battery is charged with the same current during the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage, and reaches the same temperature When the time, the voltage reached in the next constant current charging stage will be relatively smaller than the voltage reached in the previous constant current charging stage. However, in the actual process, when a certain temperature is reached, the current should be switched, and the current should be switched to a smaller current to avoid continuing to use the current before switching to charge the battery and causing damage to the battery.
  • the first constant current charging stage charges the battery with a constant current of 2A.
  • the battery temperature is 20 degrees.
  • the voltage start value of the voltage range is 3.4V, and the voltage end value is 4.2V; during the second charging process, the second constant current charging stage still charges the battery with a current of 2A, when the battery temperature reaches 20 degrees At this time, the voltage may be 4.0V, which has not reached the 4.2V voltage corresponding to the current temperature during the first charging.
  • the voltage start value of the second voltage interval is 0V, and the voltage end value is 4.0V, because the temperature has reached the first At the end temperature of a constant current charging stage, the current should be switched to the next current, for example, switch to 1A. Otherwise, if the battery continues to be charged with a current of 2A, the battery temperature may rise sharply in a short period of time , which will seriously damage the performance or life of the battery.
  • the method 300 may further include steps S313-S314.
  • S313 Determine the charging temperature at which the battery reaches the maximum charging voltage in the first constant current charging stage as the first charging temperature.
  • the battery is measured at the same current and at the same temperature.
  • the voltage reached during the next constant current charging phase will be relatively smaller than the voltage reached during the previous constant current charging phase.
  • the charging temperature of the voltage reached in the current charging phase is determined as the first charging temperature.
  • the former and the latter are relative concepts, which are intended to indicate the amount of change in the impedance of the battery after multiple charging and discharging.
  • the former can be the first time, and the latter can be relative to the second time.
  • the 100th time; the previous time can also be the 50th time, and the next time can be the 51st time or the 200th time. This application does not limit this, as long as the next time is charged after the previous time.
  • the embodiments of this application can all be applied.
  • the first constant current charging stage charges the battery with a constant current of 2A.
  • the temperature of the battery is 20 degrees.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A.
  • the current will be switched to the next current.
  • the voltage may be 4.0V.
  • the 4.2V voltage corresponding to the current temperature of the first constant current charging stage is not reached, so 20 degrees should be determined as the first charging temperature.
  • the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage charge the battery with the same current of 2A before 20 degrees Celsius
  • using the first constant current charging stage during the two charging processes Determine the voltage difference with the voltage corresponding to the temperature of the second constant current charging stage when the temperature is 20 degrees, and then determine the change in DC impedance according to the ratio of the voltage difference to the current, so that the determined change in DC impedance is more accurate.
  • S314 Determine the voltage reached when the battery reaches the first charging temperature during the second charging stage as the voltage end value of the second voltage interval and the second constant current charging stage The maximum charging voltage.
  • the first constant current charging stage charges the battery with a constant current of 2A.
  • the temperature of the battery is 20 degrees.
  • the second constant current charging stage is still charging the battery with a current of 2A.
  • the current will switch to the next current.
  • the voltage may be 4.0V, the voltage corresponding to the second charging process when the temperature reaches 20 degrees is the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval and the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the current within 20 degrees is used to charge the battery with the same current of 2A. Therefore, it can also be determined that the battery temperature is at 20 in the same constant current charging process in the two charging processes.
  • the amount of change in DC impedance at any temperature within 10°C for example, the amount of change in DC impedance at a temperature of 10°C, this application does not limit this, as long as it can monitor any value within 20°C during two charging
  • the voltage corresponding to the temperature can be applied to the embodiments of this application.
  • the specific monitoring method can be electronic monitoring, such as real-time monitoring of temperature and voltage, or video shooting, recording according to the content of video monitoring, or manual recording.
  • This application is not limited, as long as the corresponding temperature can be measured Any voltage can be applied to the embodiments of this application.
  • the voltage reached when the battery is charged to the first charging temperature during the second charging stage may also be determined as the voltage end value of the second voltage interval,
  • the second constant current charging stage can continue to charge until the voltage termination value of the second constant current charging stage is equal to the voltage termination value of the first constant current charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage in the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging stage is the n+kth charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging stage in the charging process is the first constant current charging stage in the charging process.
  • the initial voltage of the first constant current charging stage is the same during the two charging processes, but because the first charging temperature is the same
  • the end voltages of the two constant current charging phases are different, which may cause the subsequent constant charging phases in the same sequence to be misaligned during the two charging processes, which is not conducive to obtaining the first charge with the above-mentioned starting voltage value aligned.
  • the DC impedance change value or DC impedance corresponding to the first constant current charging stage can be calculated.
  • the nth charge can be the first charge, and the n+kth charge can be the second charge, the third charge, and the 500th charge; or the nth charge can be the first charge. 20 times, the n+kth charge can be the 21st charge, or the 400th or 500th charge.
  • This application is not limited, as long as the voltage value during different charging processes can be measured, this application can be applied Examples.
  • Figures 7 and 8 are a device 400 for measuring the DC impedance of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery is charged in a segmented constant current mode.
  • the provided device 400 for measuring the DC impedance of the battery may include a first determining unit 410 and a second determining unit 420.
  • the first determining unit 410 is configured to determine the difference between the size of the first voltage interval in the first constant current charging stage and the size of the second voltage interval in the second constant current charging stage, wherein the first voltage interval
  • the magnitude of is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the first voltage interval
  • the magnitude of the second voltage interval is the difference between the end value and the initial value of the second voltage interval
  • the battery is in When charging in the first voltage interval and charging in the second voltage interval, the same first charging temperature and/or first charging duration are used, and the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage The charging current is the same;
  • the second determining unit 420 is configured to determine the amount of change in the DC impedance of the battery between the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage based on the difference and the charging current .
  • the measuring device further includes a third determining unit 430.
  • the third determining unit 430 is configured to determine the DC impedance of the second constant current charging stage based on the DC impedance of the first constant current charging stage and the amount of change of the DC impedance.
  • the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage is the same as the minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage; and/or, the first constant current charging stage
  • the maximum charging voltage of is the same as the maximum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage.
  • the initial voltage value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the initial voltage value of the second voltage interval is the The minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage; the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is less than the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the second The maximum charging voltage during the constant current charging phase.
  • the measuring device further includes a fourth determining unit 440, configured to:
  • the voltage reached by charging the battery during the first constant current charging stage during the first charging time period is determined as the voltage end value of the first voltage interval.
  • the measurement device further includes a monitoring and recording unit 450, configured to:
  • the charging time and the reached voltage of the battery are monitored and recorded in real time.
  • the initial voltage value of the first voltage interval is the minimum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the initial voltage value of the second voltage interval is the The minimum charging voltage of the second constant current charging stage; the voltage termination value of the first voltage interval is the maximum charging voltage of the first constant current charging stage, and the voltage termination value of the second voltage interval is the second The maximum charging voltage during the constant current charging phase.
  • the measuring device further includes a fifth determining unit 460, configured to:
  • the first constant current charging stage is the first constant current charging stage in the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging stage is the n+kth charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging stage in the secondary charging process is the first constant current charging stage in the secondary charging process.
  • the measuring device further includes a sixth determining unit 470, configured to:
  • the ratio of the size of the voltage interval charged in the first constant current charging stage to the charging current of the first constant current charging stage is determined as the DC impedance of the first constant current charging stage.
  • the first constant current charging stage is the constant current charging stage in the nth charging process
  • the second constant current charging stage is the constant current charging stage in the n+kth charging process.
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the n is less than or equal to a preset value.
  • the n is equal to 1.
  • the measuring device 400 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the measuring device 400 includes at least one circuit, and the at least one circuit can implement the functions of the foregoing units, and can be specifically used to execute the method 300.
  • the measurement device 400 may be implemented by a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store program code.
  • the processor is used to call the program code to implement the functions of the above-mentioned units, and may be specifically used to execute the method 300. .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a charging system 500 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging system includes a measuring device 510 and a battery 520.
  • the measuring device 510 can be used to implement the method 300 described above, and can implement the functions implemented by the device 400 described above. For brevity, details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device 600 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 600 includes a measuring device 610 and a battery 620.
  • the measuring device 610 can be used to implement the method 300 described above, and can implement the functions implemented by the device 400 described above. For brevity, details are not described herein again.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

Abstract

一种电池的直流阻抗的测量方法(300)和装置(400)，充电系统(500)和终端设备(600)。方法包括：(S310)确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，电池在第一电压区间的充电和在第二电压区间的充电对应相同的第一充电温度和/或第一充电时长，第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同；(S320)基于差值，以及充电电流，确定第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段之间，电池的直流阻抗的变化量。

Description

电池的直流阻抗的测量方法和装置，充电系统和终端设备
优先权信息
本申请请求2019年3月18日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为201910204613.X的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本申请涉及充电领域，并且更为具体地，涉及一种电池的直流阻抗的测量方法和装置，充电系统和终端设备。
背景技术
直流阻抗是电池在充放电过程中的一个非常重要的参数，其主要包括电池工作过程中的真实电阻与极化阻抗。因为极化阻抗的不确定性，即其与充电温度、放电深度(depth of discharge，DoD)、荷电状态(State of Charge，SoC)、充放电倍率等诸多因素共同决定。而这又在每次使用过程中存在较大波动，因此一直较难准确测试。然而如果能够准确知道电池的直流阻抗，可以更清晰的掌握电池在充放电过程中的电池信息，以保证电池在充放电过程中的安全性。
现有技术中，对于测试直流阻抗的方式大多数都是给电池充电一段时间后，通过暂停充电工作，让电压保持稳定后再利用电压差来计算等效的电阻。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池的直流阻抗的测量方法和装置，充电系统和终端设备。
第一方面，提供了一种电池的直流阻抗的测量方法，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述方法包括：确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，所述第一电压区间的大小为所述第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述第二电压区间的大小为所述第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述电池在所述第一电压区间充电时和在所述第二电压区间充电时采用相同的第一充电温度和/第一充电时长，所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同；基于所述差值，以及所述充电电流，确定所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段之间，所述电池的直流阻抗的变化量。
第二方面，提供了一种电池的直流阻抗的测量装置，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述测量装置包括：第一确定单元，用于确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，所述第一电压区间的大小为所述第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述第二电压区间的大小为所述第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述电池在所述第一电压区间充电时和在所述第二电压区间充电时采用相同的第一充电温度和/第一充电时长，所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同；第二确定单元，用于基于所述差值，以及所述充电电流，确定所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段之间，所述电池的直流阻抗的变化量。
第三方面，提供了一种电池的直流阻抗的测量装置，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述测量装置包括：至少一个电路，所述至少一个电路用于执行第一方面所述的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种电池的直流阻抗的测量装置，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述测量装置包括处理器和存储器，其中，所述存储器用于存储程序代码，所述处理器用于调用所述程序代码，用于执行第一方面所述的方法。
第五方面，提供了一种充电系统，包括第三方面或第四方面所述的测量装置和电池。
第六方面，提供了一种终端设备，包括第三方面或第四方面所述的测量装置和电池。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种分段恒流充电模式的示意性图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种分段恒流充电模式的另一示意性图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法的一个示意性流程图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法的另一个示意性流程图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法的又一个示意性流程图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法的再一个示意性流程图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量装置的一个示意性框图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量装置的另一个示意性框图；
图9是本申请实施例的一种充电系统的示意性框图；
图10是本申请实施例的一种终端设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。应理解，本说明书中的具体的例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围。
可以理解，直流阻抗是电池在充放电过程中的一个非常重要的参数，其主要包括电池工作过程中的真实电阻与极化阻抗。因为极化阻抗的不确定性，即其与充电温度、放电深度(depth of discharge，DoD)、荷电状态(State of Charge，SoC)、充放电倍率等诸多因素共同决定。而这又在每次使用过程中存在较大波动，因此一直较难准确测试。然而如果能够准确知道电池的直流阻抗，可以更清晰的掌握电池在充放电过程中的电池信息，以保证电池在充放电过程中的安全性。
现有技术中，对于测试直流阻抗的方式大多数都是给电池充电一段时间后，通过暂停充电工作，让电压保持稳定后再利用电压差来计算等效的电阻。但是这种方式不能够了解电池在充电过程中的信息以及电池的老化情况。
因此，需要提供一种有效的测量阻抗的方案，以了解电池充电过程中的电池信息。
本申请提供一种电池的直流阻抗的测量方法300和装置400、充电系统500和终端设备600，能够有效的测量阻抗的变化量，从可以更准确地了解电池充电过程中的电池信息。
如图3所示，本申请实施例的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法300中，电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，方,300包括：
S310，在对电池充电的过程中，确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，第一电压区间的大小为第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，第二电压区间的大小为第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，电池在第一电压区间的充电和在第二电压区间的充电对应相同的第一充电温度和/或第一充电时长，第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同；
S320，基于差值，以及充电电流，确定第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段之间，电池的直流阻抗的变化量。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图4所示，方法300还包括：
S330，基于第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗，以及直流阻抗的变化量，确定第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一电压区间的电压起始值与第二电压区间的电压起始值相同；或，第一电压区间的电压终止值与第二电压区间的电压终止值相同。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一电压区间的电压起始值是第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，第二电压区间的电压起始值是第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压；第一电压区间的电压终止值小于第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，第二电压区间的电压终止值是第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图5所示，方法300还包括：
S311，将电池在第二恒流充电阶段中达到第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压的充电时长，确定为第一充电时长；
S312，将电池在第一恒流充电阶段过程中充电第一充电时长所达到的电压，确定为第一电压区间的电压终止值。
可选地，在一些实施例中，方法还包括：
在第一恒流充电阶段，实时监测和记录电池的充电时长和所达到的电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一电压区间的电压起始值是第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，第二电压区间的电压起始值是第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，第一电压区间的电压终止值是第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，第二电压区间的电压终止值是第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图6所示，方法还包括：
S313，将电池在第一恒流充电阶段中达到最大充电电压的充电温度，确定为第一充电温度；
S314，将电池在第二恒流充电阶段过程中充电达到第一充电温度时所达到的电压，确定为第二电压区间的电压终止值和第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段，以及，第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段。
可选地，在一些实施例中，方法还包括：
将第一恒流充电阶段充电的电压区间的大小与第一恒流充电阶段的充电电流的比值，确定为第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，其中，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数。
可选地，在一些实施例中，n小于等于预设值。
可选地，在一些实施例中，n等于1。
如图7和图8所示，本申请实施例的电池的直流阻抗的测量装置400中，电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，测量装置400包括第一确定单元410和第二确定单元420。第一确定单元410用于确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值。其中，第一电压区间的大小为第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，第二电压区间的大小为第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值。电池在第一电压区间充电时和在第二电压区间充电时采用相同的第一充电温度和/或第一充电时长，第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同。第二确定单元420用于基于差值，以及充电电流，确定第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段之间，电池的直流阻抗的变化量。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图8所示，测量装置400还包括第三确定单元430。第三确定单元430用于基于第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗，以及直流阻抗的变化量，确定第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压与第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压相同；和/或，第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压与第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压相同。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一电压区间的电压起始值是第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，第二电压区间的电压起始值是第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压。第一电压区间的电压终止值小于第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，第二电压区间的电压终止值是第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图8所示，测量装置400还包括第四确定单元440。第四确定单元440用于：将电池在第二恒流充电阶段中达到第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压的充电时长，确定为第一充电时长；将电池在第一恒流充电阶段过程中充电第一充电时长所达到的电压，确定为第一电压区间的电压终止值。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图8所示，测量装置400还包括监测记录单元450。监测记录单元450用于在第一恒流充电阶段，实时监测和记录电池的充电时长和所达到的电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一电压区间的电压起始值是第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，第二电压区间的电压起始值是第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压。第一电压区间的电压终止值是第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，第二电压区间的电压终止值是第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图8所示，测量装置400还包括第五确定单元460。第五确定 单元460用于：将电池在第一恒流充电阶段中达到最大充电电压的充电温度，确定为第一充电温度；将电池在第二恒流充电阶段过程中充电达到第一充电温度时所达到的电压，确定为第二电压区间的电压终止值和第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段，以及，第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图8所示，测量装置400还包括第六确定单元470。第六确定单元470用于将第一恒流充电阶段充电的电压区间的大小与第一恒流充电阶段的充电电流的比值，确定为第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段。其中，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数。
可选地，在一些实施例中，n小于等于预设值。
可选地，在一些实施例中，n等于1。
本申请实施例的电池的直流阻抗的测量装置中，电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，测量装置包括至少一个电路，至少一个电路用于执行上述任一实施例中的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法。
本申请实施例的电池的直流阻抗的测量装置400中，电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，测量装置包括处理器和存储器，其中，存储器用于存储程序代码，处理器用于调用程序代码，执行上述任一实施例中的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法300。
如图9所示，本申请实施例中的充电系统500包括上述任一实施例中的测量装置510和电池520。
如图10所示，本申请实施例中的终端设备600包括上述任一实施例中的测量装置610和电池620。
在本申请实施例中，电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，在不同的充电过程中，存在充电电流相同的恒流充电阶段，则可以基于该充电电流相同的恒流充电阶段在不同的充电过程中的电压增加量(也即第一电压区间和第二电压区间)的差值，来确定充电电流相同的恒流充电阶段之间的直流阻抗的变化量，也即本申请可以在充电过程中的恒流充电阶段进行直流阻抗的变化量的确定，从而可以避免在对电池的直流阻抗进行确定时，而需要暂停较长的充电时间，并且第一电压区间和第二电压区间所对应的充电时长和/或充电温度是相同的，从而可以避免充电时长和/或充电温度对确定直流阻抗的变化量的影响，从而可以更准确的确定直流阻抗的变化量，并进一步准确了解电池过程中的充电信息。
为了更加清楚地理解本申请，以下将介绍充电电池工作原理，便于后续理解阻抗的变化情况。但应理解，以下介绍的内容仅仅是为了更好的理解本申请，不应对本申请造成特别限定。
以锂离子电池为例，锂离子电池主要依靠锂离子在正极和负极之间的移动来工作，当对电池进行充电时，电池的正极上有锂离子生成，生成的锂离子经过电解液运动到负极，负极上有很多微孔，达到负极的锂离子就嵌入到微孔中。随着充电的进行，电池负极表面会形成一层薄膜，锂离子进入薄膜的过程比进入微孔难，宏观上表现出的是充电越来越慢，从而直流阻抗越来越大。同样地，经过多次充放电之后的锂离子电池，由于氧化会引起电池的内部电阻增加，导致直流阻抗越来越大。电池的直流阻抗可以反映电池在充放电过程中的电池信息，以保证电池在充放电过程中的安全性。
本申请实施例中的电池的充电可以是分段恒流模式下的充电，分段恒流模式可以包括多个恒流充电阶段，任一个恒流充电阶段内的充电电流可以是恒定的。
在一次充电过程(其中，一次充电过程可以理解为从开始充电到电池充满电)中，在先的恒流充电阶段的电流可以大于或等于在后的恒流充电阶段的电流。多个恒流充电阶段的电流可以是均匀递减，也可以是不均匀递减的。各个恒流充电阶段电流的充电时长可以是相同的，也可以是不相同的。不同的恒流充电阶段的电压增加量可以是相同的，也可以是不相同的。
在分段恒流充电模式下，每个恒流充电阶段可以在达到特定电压，特定温度或特定充电时间 时切换到下一充电阶段，每次充电过程可以是达到特定电压，特定充电时长或特定充电温度时停止充电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，在分段恒流模式下的充电中，不同次的充电过程可以在以下方面的至少一方面是相同的，也可以在以下方面中的至少一方面是不相同的：
恒流充电阶段的数量、相同次序(例如，均是充电过程中的第m个恒流充电阶段)的恒流充电阶段的电压增加量、相同次序的恒流充电阶段的电流大小、相同次序的恒流充电阶段的最大充电时长、相同次序的恒流充电阶段的所能容忍的最大温度等。
图1和图2分别示出了不同实施例的分段恒流充电模式的示意性图。
在如图1所示的分段恒流充电模式中，以到达某一电压进行切换，如图1所示，第一个恒流充电阶段中，以2A恒定电流对电池进行充电，在充电电压达到4.2V时切换至下一电流。例如，在充电电压达到4.2V时将电流切换至1.5A，此时对于第二恒流充电阶段，以1.5A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，当充电电压达到4.4V时，切换电流，依次类推，直到将电池充满。
在如图2所示的分段恒流充电模式中，以间隔相同的时间进行切换，如图2所示，第一个恒流充电阶段中，从0至t1这一段时间内以4A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，在充电时长达到t1时，切换电流至第二个恒流充电阶段。例如，在充电时长达到1分钟时，将电流切换至2A，此时对于第二个恒流充电阶段，以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，且充电时长和第一个恒流充电阶段的时长相同，以此类推，直到将电池充满。
随着电池的循环充放电，在相同的充电场景(例如，相同的充电电流，相同的充电温度和相同的充电时长)下，电池所具有的直流阻抗也会改变。因此，在本申请实施例中，基于电池在充电过程中的第一恒流充电阶段的第一电压区间的大小和第二恒流充电阶段的第二电压区间的大小(第一恒流充电阶段的第一电压区间的大小为第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，第二恒流充电阶段的第二电压区间的大小为第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值)的电压差，根据该电压差以及电流，可以得到直流阻抗的变化，该直流阻抗的变化可以是特定充电阶段的阻抗的变化，从而可以基于各个阶段确定阻抗的变化，无需等到充电结束之后才能测量阻抗并测量阻抗差。
随着电池的循环充放电，即使在相同的充电场景(例如，相同的充电电流，相同的充电温度和相同的充电时长)下，电池所具有的直流阻抗也会改变，因此，本申请实施例提供了以下的方案，可以确定由此带来的直流阻抗的变化量。
下面结合图3，对本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法进行详细说明。所述电池可以为锂离子电池，也可以为锌离子电池，本申请对此不作限定。
本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法，可以用于测试阶段，便于对于同一批次生产的电池的切换电流设定，也可用于实际应用中，其中，当电池中的某一参数达到一定值时，就切换电流，本申请对此不作限定。
如图3所示，本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法300可以包括步骤S310-步骤S320。
S310，确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，所述第一电压区间的大小为所述第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述第二电压区间的大小为所述第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述电池在所述第一电压区间的充电和在所述第二电压区间的充电对应相同的第一充电温度和/或第一充电时长，所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同。
其中，本申请实施例中提到的第一恒流充电阶段可以是第n次充电过程中的任一恒流充电阶段或特定恒流充电阶段，第二恒流充电阶段可以是第n+k次充电过程中的任一恒流充电阶段或特定恒流充电阶段。以上提到的第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间之间针对区间大小的差值可以理解为：第一电压区间所表示的电压增加量与第二电压区间所表征的电压增加量之间的差值；其中，电压区间大小可以理解为电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，第一电压区间大小为第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，第二电压区间大小为第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值。
在本申请实施例中，确定直流阻抗的变化量可以在充电过程中完成，也可以在充电完成后确 定直流阻抗的变化量，本申请对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提到的第一充电温度可以是一个温度区间，第一电压区间和第二电压区间的充电温度相同，可以是指起始充电温度和终止充电温度相同；也可以是指起始充电温度与终止充电温度其中一个相同。或者，第一充电温度可以是一个温度值，例如，可以指充电时的平均温度，例如，第一电压区间和第二电压区间的平均充电温度相同。
应理解，考虑到第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同，可以认为第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段是两次不同充电过程中的同一充电阶段。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段中的第一和第二仅仅为了区分两者，不应对其在充电过程中的所处的次序造成限定。
所述第一恒流充电阶段在所述第n次充电过程包括的恒流充电阶段中的次序可以与所述第二恒流充电阶段在所述第n+k次充电过程包括的恒流充电阶段中的次序相同。
例如，第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段分别为所述第n次充电过程和所述第n+k次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，在第一个恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，充电2分钟后，电压从3.4V升至4.2V，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电2分钟，此时电压从3.4可能升至4.4V，则对于该电池来说，在第一恒流充电阶段所对应的电压差为(也即电压区间的大小或电压增加量)0.8V，在第二恒流充电阶段所对应的电压差为1V(也即电压区间的大小或电压增加量)，则在这两次恒流充电过程中，同一恒定电流充电阶段以同一电流2A对电池进行充电2分钟所对应的电压差是不同的。应理解，以上对于时间、电流和电压的数值仅为举例说明，本申请对此不作限定。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，在第一个恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，电压从3.4V升至4.2V的时候，此时电池的温度20度，在第二次充电过程中，第一个恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行，当电池温度达到20度的时候，此时电压可能从3.4V升至4.4V，则对于该电池来说，在第一恒流充电阶段所对应的电压差为0.8V，在第二恒流充电阶段所对应的电压差为1V，则在这两次恒流充电过程中，同一恒定电流充电阶段以同一电流2A对达到相同温度时所对应的电压差是不同的。应理解，以上对于温度、电流和电压的数值仅为举例说明，本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，在第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段，可以分别以同一起始电压，相同电流对电池进行充电，且充电时间相同，利用测量的电压来计算电池在第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段所对应的电压差。
可以理解的是，对电池进行多次充放电之后，电池的直流阻抗相应地会有变化，且呈非线性变化，若第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的起始电压和第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的起始电压不同，以相同的电流对电池进行充电，且充电时间相同，则计算出的直流阻抗的变化量可能会有误差，其测量精度没有以同一起始电压的所测出的精度准确。
在一些实施方式中，所述n小于等于预设值。
具体地，所述n小于等于预设值，所述预设值可以通过经验得到，在这一预设值内，电池阻抗的变化值不是很大，例如，在前50次充电过程中，可能电池的阻抗的变化量较小，例如为0.1欧姆，即使我们用相同的充电方式对电池进行充电，对电池也不会有较大的损害。所述相同的充电方式指的是在n小于等于预设值内，每次充电的方式相同，不考虑温度、时间对电池的影响，不同次充电过程的每一恒流充电阶段均相同。
S320，基于所述电压差，以及所述充电电流，确定所述第一恒流阶段与所述第二恒流阶段之间，所述电池的直流阻抗的变化量。具体地，当能够获取不同次充电过程中的同一恒流充电阶段的电压的差值，以及在该段充电过程中的充电电流时，可以基于该电压的差值和该充电电流，计算出两次充电过程的直流阻抗的变化量。
例如，若以2A电流对电池进行相同时间的充电，在第一恒流充电阶段所对应的电压差为0.8V，在第二恒流充电阶段所对应的电压差为1V，则在这两次恒流充电过程中，可以确定出第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段之间的直流阻抗的变化量为0.1欧姆。
在这一过程中，对于以同一电流对电池进行充电，其充电时间相同，后一次的电压差大于前一次的电压差，因此对于同一恒流充电阶段充电相同时间，电池的直流阻抗是增加的。
在本申请提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量方法中，利用同一恒定电流分阶段对电池进行多次充电，通过对比多次充电之后的每一段直流阻抗的变化量，进一步能够了解电池在经过多次充放电之后的老化情况，从而确定电流的切换以保证电池在充电过程中的安全性。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图4所示，在S320之后，所述方法300还可以包括步骤S330。
S330，基于所述第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗，以及所述第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段之间的直流阻抗的变化量，确定所述第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
具体地，当知道第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗和该恒流阶段的直流阻抗的变化量就可以确定第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。例如，若第一次充电过程中第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗为5欧姆，第二恒流充电阶段相对于第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗的变化量为0.5欧姆，则第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗为5.5欧姆。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值与所述第二电压区间的电压起始值相同；或，所述第一电压区间的电压终止值与所述第二电压区间的电压终止值相同，可以同样实现上述提到的以下条件的效果：所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压与所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压相同，假设第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压等于所述第一电压区间的电压起始值，以及假设第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压等于所述第二电压区间的电压起始值；或，所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压与所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压相同，假设第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压等于所述第一电压区间的电压终止值，以及假设第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压等于所述第二电压区间的电压终止值。
可选地，在一些实施例中，以下关系中的至少一个可以得到满足：
第一电压区间的电压起始值可以等于或大于第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，第一电压区间的电压终止值可以小于或等于第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，第二电压区间的电压起始值可以等于或大于第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，第二电压区间的电压终止值可以小于或等于第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，如果第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压和第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压不同，则可以从该两个最小充电电压择大者作为第一电压区间和第二电压区间的电压起始值，然后以该起始值开始，按照第一充电时长和/或第一充电温度，分别确定第一电压区间和第二电压区间。
或者，如果第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压和第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压不同，则可以从该两个最大充电电压择小者作为第一电压区间和第二电压区间的电压终止值，然后以该终止值开始，按照第一充电时长和/或第一充电温度，往前推，分别确定第一电压区间和第二电压区间。
可以理解的是，在一些恒流充电阶段中，第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压与第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压相同，例如，对于两次经过放电完全的电池来说，第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压与第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压均为0V，此时若以相同电流对电池进行充电，且保证充电时间相同，则在这种情况下的所计算的直流的阻抗的变化量可能更有效，便于了解电池在充放电过程中的老化情况，此处假设了第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压等于所述第一电压区间的起始电压，以及假设了第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压等于所述第二电压区间的起始电压。
例如，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，充电2分钟后，电压从3.4V升至4.2V，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，且充电时长也为2分钟，此时电压从3.4V可能升至4.4V，则对于该电池来说，以同一电流对电池进行充电2分钟所对应的电压差为0.2V。应理解，以上对于时间、电流和电压的数值仅为举例说明，本申请对此不作限定。
在一些恒流充电阶段中，第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压与第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压相同，例如，对于两次充放电过程，最后一段的结束电压是相同的，可能均为5V，此时若以相同电流对电池进行充电，且保证充电时间相同，即使第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段 的起始电压不同，由于第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段的结束电压相同，则在这种情况下的所计算的直流的阻抗的变化量也是有效的，此处假设了第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压等于所述第一电压区间的结束电压，以及假设了第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压等于所述第二电压区间的结束电压。
可以理解的是，由于第一恒流充电阶段与第二恒流充电阶段的起始电压相同，因此可以直接用两次充电完成的电压差与充电电流的比值计算直流阻抗的变化量。也可以先计算出第一次充电过程中第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗，再计算第二次充电过程中第二恒流阶段的直流阻抗，用这两次的计算出的直流阻抗来确定该第二恒流阶段相对于第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗的变化量，本申请对此不作限定，只要能够计算出两次充电过程中的同一阶段的直流阻抗的变化量均可应用本申请实施例。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第一电压区间的电压终止值小于所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可以理解的是，对于同一电池，随着电池充放电次数的增加，相应地，直流阻抗会增大，若在两次充电过程中以相同的电流对电池进行充电，且充电时间相同，则后一次充电所达到的电压相比前一次充电所达到的电压要大。
也就是说，对于同一电池，若在两次充电过程中以相同的电流对电池进行充电，达到相同的电压，则后一次达到电压的时间比前一次达到电压的时间会减少，在实际过程中，当达到前一次所对应的电压时，将电流切换为更小的电流，以避免继续用切换前的电流对电池进行充电而造成电池损害。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，充电2分钟后，电压从3.4V升至4.2V，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，可能充电1.5分钟后已达到4.2V电压，此时应该要切换电流至下一电流，因为若还以2A电流对电池继续充电至2分钟，有可能在很短的时间内将电池充到它的截止电压甚至与超过它的截止电压，这会严重损害电池的性能或寿命。
可以理解的是，第二电压区间的电压终止值也可以不是第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，在不达到最大充电电压的情下，也可以测量直流阻抗的变化量。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，充电2分钟后，电压从3.4V升至4.2V，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，可能充电1分钟后达到3.9V电压，此时也可以计算在1分钟之内的电池直流阻抗的变化量。
可以理解的是，以上所述时间、电压、电流的数值仅作为举例说明，本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图5所示，在S320之前，所述方法300还可以包括步骤S311-S312。
S311，将所述电池在所述第二恒流充电阶段中达到所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压的充电时长，确定为所述第一充电时长。
为了能够更精确地测量多次充电过程中阻抗的变化量，应该要保证电池是在同一电流、同一时间下测量的阻抗的变化量，因此应将后一次恒流充电阶段中达到的最大充电电压的充电时长确定为第一充电时长。
应理解，所述前一次和后一次是相对的概念，旨在表明电池经过多次充放电的阻抗的变化量，例如，前一次可以是第一次，后一次相对的可以是第二次，第100次；前一次也可以是第50次，后一次相对的可以是第51次或第200次，本申请对此不作限定，只要后一次相对前一次来说是在前一次之后进行的充电均可应用本申请实施例。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，充电2分钟后，电压从3.4V升至4.2V，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第一恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，可能充电1.5分钟后已达到4.2V电压，此时会切换电流至下一电流，因此应将1.5分钟确定为第一充电时长。
也就是说，上述过程中，在1.5分钟之前所用的电流均是同一电流，利用两次充电过程中同一恒流充电阶段在1.5分钟时所对应的电压去确定电压差，再根据该电压差与电流的比值确定直流阻抗的变化量，这样确定的直流阻抗的变化量比较精确。
S312，将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段过程中充电所述第一充电时长所达到的电压，确定为所述第一电压区间的电压终止值。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，充电2分钟后，电压从3.4V升至4.2V，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，可能充电1.5分钟后已达到4.2V电压，会切换至下一电流对电池继续进行充电，此时由于已经达到第一恒流充电阶段的结束电压，则确定1.5分钟为第一充电时长，相应地，在第一次充电过程中第一次恒流充电阶段过程中的1.5分钟所对应的电压可以确定为第一电压区间的电压终止值。
应理解，确定所述第一电压区间的电压终止值不仅是为了找到参考值以便切换电流，同时也是为了更好地对不同次充电过程同一恒流充电阶段的电池进行比较，这样一方面可以避免电压因充电电流过大而超过截止电压，另一方面也能够比较同一电池在不超过截止电压的情况下在不同次充电过程中直流阻抗的变化量。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述第一恒流充电阶段，实时监测和记录所述电池的充电时长和所达到的电压。
具体地，对于同一块电池，在第一恒流充电阶段中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，充电2分钟后，电压从3.4升至4.2V，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，可能充电1.5分钟后已达到4.2V电压，会切换至下一电流对电池继续进行充电，由于在第一恒流充电阶段中的1.5分钟之内充电电流是相同的，因此可以去查找在第一次充电过程中充电1.5分钟时所对应的电压，利用充电相同时间计算两次充电过程中的电池直流阻抗的变化量。
可以理解的是，以上述过程为例，在第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电中，充电时长在1.5分钟之内均是以同一电流对电池进行充电的，因此根据需要，也可以实时监测两次充电过程的充电时长和所对应的电压，从而可以确定两次充电过程充电时长在1.5分钟之内的任一时刻的直流阻抗的变化量，本申请对此不作限定，只要能够监测到两次充电过程中的同一恒流充电阶段在1.5分钟内的任一时刻的电压均可应用本申请实施例。
例如，可以确定0.5分钟或1分钟的直流阻抗的变化量，在第一恒流充电阶段可以去监测充电0.5分钟或1分钟时所对应的充电电压，也可以对第一恒流充电阶段进行实时监测，将监测到的内容予以记录，便于后续查找。
具体的监测方法可以是电子监测，例如实时监测时间和电压，也可以是视频拍摄，根据视频监控的内容去记录下来，或人工记录，本申请对此不作限定，只要能够测出任一时刻所对应的电压均可应用本申请实施例。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第一电压区间的电压终止值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可以理解的是，随着对电池进行多次充放电，直流阻抗会增大，若在第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段以相同的电流对电池进行充电，且达到相同的温度时，则后一次的恒流充电阶段所达到的电压相对会比前一次恒流充电阶段所达到的电压要小。但是在实际过程中，当达到一定温度的时候应该是要切换电流的，将电流切换为更小的电流，以避免继续用切换前的电流对电池进行充电会对电池造成损害。
对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，电压从3.4V升至4.2V的时候，此时电池的温度20度，第一电压区间的电压起始值为3.4V，电压终止值为4.2V；在第二次充电过程中，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，当电池温度达到20度的时候，此时电压可能为4.0V，还没有达到第一次充电时候当前温度所对 应的4.2V电压，第二电压区间的电压起始值为0V，电压终止值为4.0V，由于温度已经达到第一恒流充电阶段的结束温度，此时应将电流切换至下一电流，例如，切换至1A，否则若还以2A电流对电池继续充电，有可能在很短的时间内电池温度急剧升高，这会严重损害电池的性能或寿命。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图6所示，在S320之前，所述方法300还可以包括步骤S313-S314。
S313，将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段中达到所述最大充电电压的充电温度，确定为所述第一充电温度。
具体地，若以温度为例，为了能够更精确地测量多次充电过程中同一恒流充电阶段的阻抗的变化量，应该要保证电池是在以同一电流、达到同一温度时测量的阻抗的变化量，由于以相同的电流对电池进行充电达到相同的温度时，则后一次恒流充电阶段所达到的电压相对会比前一次恒流充电阶段所达到的电压要小，因此应将前一次恒流充电阶段中达到的电压的充电温度确定为第一充电温度。
应理解，所述前一次和后一次是相对的概念，旨在表明电池经过多次充放电的阻抗的变化量，例如，前一次可以是第一次，后一次相对的可以是第二次，第100次；前一次也可以是第50次，后一次相对的可以是第51次或第200次，本申请对此不作限定，只要后一次相对前一次来说是在前一次之后进行的充电均可应用本申请实施例。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，电压从3.4V升至4.2V的时候，此时电池的温度20度，在第二次充电过程中，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，当电池温度达到20度的时候，会切换电流至下一电流，此时电压可能为4.0V，还没有达到第一恒流充电阶段的当前温度所对应的4.2V电压，因此应将20度确定为第一充电温度。
也就是说，两次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段在20度之前是以同一电流2A对电池进行充电的，利用两次充电过程中第一恒流充电阶段和第二恒流充电阶段温度为20度时所对应的电压去确定电压差，再根据该电压差与电流的比值确定直流阻抗的变化量，这样确定的直流阻抗的变化量比较精确。
S314，将所述电池在所述第二充电阶段过程中充电达到所述第一充电温度时所达到的电压，确定为所述第二电压区间的电压终止值和所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
例如，对于同一块电池，在第一次充电过程中，第一恒流充电阶段以2A的恒定电流对电池进行充电，电压从3.4V升至4.2V的时候，此时电池的温度为20度，在第二次充电过程中，同样地，第二恒流充电阶段仍然以2A的电流对电池进行充电，当电池温度达到20度的时候，会切换电流至下一电流，此时电压可能为4.0V，将第二次充电过程温度达到20度时所对应的电压为第二电压区间的电压终止值和第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可以理解的是，以上述过程为例，温度在20度之内的电流是以同一电流2A对电池进行充电的，因此也可以确定两次充电过程中的同一恒流充电过程中电池温度在20度之内的任一温度的直流阻抗的变化量，例如，温度在10度时直流阻抗的变化量，本申请对此不作限定，只要能够监测到两次充电过程中在20度内的任一温度所对应的电压均可应用本申请实施例。
具体的监测方法可以是电子监测，例如实时监测温度和电压，也可以是视频拍摄，根据视频监控的内容去记录下来，或人工记录，本申请对此不作限定，只要能够测出任一温度所对应的电压均可应用本申请实施例。
应理解，在上述S314中，也可以将所述电池在所述第二充电阶段过程中充电达到所述第一充电温度时所达到的电压，确定为所述第二电压区间的电压终止值，而第二恒流充电阶段可以继续充电，直到第二恒流充电阶段的电压终止值等于第一恒流充电阶段的电压终止值。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段，以及，所述第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段。
在该种实现方式中，对于S313和S314限定的方案下，由于在两次充电过程中，第一个恒流充电阶段的起始电压是相同的，但是由于在相同的充电温度下，第一个恒流充电阶段的结束电压是不同的，则可能导致在两次充电过程中，后续的相同次序的恒定充电阶段不对齐，则不利于获取上述提到的起始电压值对齐的第一充电区间和第二充电区间，则可以仅计算第一个恒流充电阶 段对应的直流阻抗变化值或直流阻抗。
可以理解的是，第n次充电可以是第1次充电，第n+k次充电可以是第2次充电，也可以是第3次充电，第500次充电；或者第n次充电可以是第20次，第n+k次充电可以是第21次充电，也可以是第400或500次充电，本申请对此不作限定，只要能够测量出不同次充电过程中的电压值均可应用本申请实施例。
在本申请提供的方法中，能够对比任意两次充电过程中的直流阻抗的变化量，进一步了解电池经过多次放电后的直流阻抗信息。
上文结合图1-图6，详细描述了本申请实施例的方法实施例，下面结合图7-图10，描述本申请实施例的装置实施例，装置实施例与方法实施例相互对应，因此未详细描述的部分可参见前面各部分方法实施例，装置可以实现上述方法侧中任意可能实现的方式。
图7和图8是本申请实施例的一种电池的直流阻抗的测量装置400，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，如图7和图8所示，本申请实施例提供的电池的直流阻抗的测量装置400可以包括第一确定单元410和第二确定单元420。
第一确定单元410，用于确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，所述第一电压区间的大小为所述第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述第二电压区间的大小为所述第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述电池在所述第一电压区间充电时和在所述第二电压区间充电时采用相同的第一充电温度和/或第一充电时长，所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同；
第二确定单元420，用于基于所述差值，以及所述充电电流，确定所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段之间，所述电池的直流阻抗的变化量。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，如图8所示，所述测量装置还包括第三确定单元430。
第三确定单元430，用于基于所述第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗，以及所述直流阻抗的变化量，确定所述第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压与所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压相同；和/或，所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压与所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压相同。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压；所述第一电压区间的电压终止值小于所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，如图8所示，所述测量装置还包括第四确定单元440，用于：
将所述电池在所述第二恒流充电阶段中达到所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压的充电时长，确定为所述第一充电时长；
将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段过程中充电所述第一充电时长所达到的电压，确定为所述第一电压区间的电压终止值。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，如图8所示，所述测量装置还包括监测记录单元450，用于：
在所述第一恒流充电阶段，实时监测和记录所述电池的充电时长和所达到的电压。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压；所述第一电压区间的电压终止值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，如图8所示，所述测量装置还包括第五确定单元460，用于：
将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段中达到所述最大充电电压的充电温度，确定为所述第一充电温度；
将所述电池在所述第二恒流充电阶段过程中充电达到所述第一充电温度时所达到的电压，确定为所述第二电压区间的电压终止值和所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，所述第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电 阶段，以及，所述第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，如图8所示，所述测量装置还包括第六确定单元470，用于：
将所述第一恒流充电阶段充电的电压区间的大小与所述第一恒流充电阶段的充电电流的比值，确定为所述第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，所述第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，所述第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，其中，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，所述n小于等于预设值。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，所述n等于1。
可选地，该测量装置400可以由硬件来实现，此时，所述测量装置400包括至少一个电路，所述至少一个电路可以实现上述各个单元的功能，具体可以用于执行方法300。
可选地，该测量装置400可以由处理器和存储器实现，所述存储器用于存储程序代码，所述处理器用于调用所述程序代码可以实现上述各个单元的功能，具体可以用于执行方法300。
图9是根据本申请实施例的一种充电系统500的示意性框图。该充电系统包括测量装置510和电池520。
该测量装置510可以用于实现上述方法300，可以实现上述装置400实现的功能，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图10是根据本申请实施例的一种终端设备600的示意性框图。该终端设备600包括测量装置610和电池620。
该测量装置610可以用于实现上述方法300，可以实现上述装置400实现的功能，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元 单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种电池的直流阻抗的测量方法，其特征在于，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述方法包括：
    在对所述电池充电的过程中，确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，所述第一电压区间的大小为所述第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述第二电压区间的大小为所述第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述电池在所述第一电压区间的充电和在所述第二电压区间的充电对应相同的第一充电温度和/或第一充电时长，所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同；
    基于所述差值，以及所述充电电流，确定所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段之间，所述电池的直流阻抗的变化量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    基于所述第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗，以及所述直流阻抗的变化量，确定所述第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值与所述第二电压区间的电压起始值相同；或，
    所述第一电压区间的电压终止值与所述第二电压区间的电压终止值相同。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压；
    所述第一电压区间的电压终止值小于所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    将所述电池在所述第二恒流充电阶段中达到所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压的充电时长，确定为所述第一充电时长；
    将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段过程中充电所述第一充电时长所达到的电压，确定为所述第一电压区间的电压终止值。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述第一恒流充电阶段，实时监测和记录所述电池的充电时长和所达到的电压。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第一电压区间的电压终止值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段中达到所述最大充电电压的充电温度，确定为所述第一充电温度；
    将所述电池在所述第二恒流充电阶段过程中充电达到所述第一充电温度时所达到的电压，确定为所述第二电压区间的电压终止值和所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段，以及，所述第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    将所述第一恒流充电阶段充电的电压区间的大小与所述第一恒流充电阶段的充电电流的比值，确定为所述第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，所述第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，其中，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述n小于等于预设值。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的测量方法，其特征在于，所述n等于1。
  14. 一种电池的直流阻抗的测量装置，其特征在于，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述测量装置包括：
    第一确定单元，用于确定第一恒流充电阶段中的第一电压区间的大小与第二恒流充电阶段中的第二电压区间的大小的差值，其中，所述第一电压区间的大小为所述第一电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述第二电压区间的大小为所述第二电压区间的终止值与起始值的差值，所述电池在所述第一电压区间充电时和在所述第二电压区间充电时采用相同的第一充电温度和/或第一充电时长，所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段的充电电流相同；
    第二确定单元，用于基于所述差值，以及所述充电电流，确定所述第一恒流充电阶段与所述第二恒流充电阶段之间，所述电池的直流阻抗的变化量。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述测量装置还包括：
    第三确定单元，用于基于所述第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗，以及所述直流阻抗的变化量，确定所述第二恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压与所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压相同；和/或，所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压与所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压相同。
  17. 根据权利要求14至16中任一项所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压；
    所述第一电压区间的电压终止值小于所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述测量装置还包括第四确定单元，用于：
    将所述电池在所述第二恒流充电阶段中达到所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压的充电时长，确定为所述第一充电时长；
    将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段过程中充电所述第一充电时长所达到的电压，确定为所述第一电压区间的电压终止值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述测量装置还包括监测记录单元，用于：
    在所述第一恒流充电阶段，实时监测和记录所述电池的充电时长和所达到的电压。
  20. 根据权利要求14至16中任一项所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述第一电压区间的电压起始值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压起始值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最小充电电压；
    所述第一电压区间的电压终止值是所述第一恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压，所述第二电压区间的电压终止值是所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述测量装置还包括第五确定单元，用于：
    将所述电池在所述第一恒流充电阶段中达到所述最大充电电压的充电温度，确定为所述第一充电温度；
    将所述电池在所述第二恒流充电阶段过程中充电达到所述第一充电温度时所达到的电压，确定为所述第二电压区间的电压终止值和所述第二恒流充电阶段的最大充电电压。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段，以及，所述第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的第一个恒流充电阶段。
  23. 根据权利要求14至22中任一项所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述测量装置还包括第六确定单元，用于：
    将所述第一恒流充电阶段充电的电压区间的大小与所述第一恒流充电阶段的充电电流的比值，确定为所述第一恒流充电阶段的直流阻抗。
  24. 根据权利要求14至23中任一项所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述第一恒流充电阶段为第n次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，所述第二恒流充电阶段为第n+k次充电过程中的恒流充电阶段，其中，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述n小于等于预设值。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的测量装置，其特征在于，所述n等于1。
  27. 一种电池的直流阻抗的测量装置，其特征在于，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述测量装置包括：
    至少一个电路，所述至少一个电路用于执行根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种电池的直流阻抗的测量装置，其特征在于，所述电池是以分段恒流的模式进行充电的，所述测量装置包括处理器和存储器，其中，所述存储器用于存储程序代码，所述处理器用于调用所述程序代码，执行根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种充电系统，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求27或28所述的测量装置和所述电池。
  30. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求27或28所述的测量装置和所述电池。
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