WO2020177287A1 - 一种车内压力调节装置及调节方法 - Google Patents

一种车内压力调节装置及调节方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020177287A1
WO2020177287A1 PCT/CN2019/104021 CN2019104021W WO2020177287A1 WO 2020177287 A1 WO2020177287 A1 WO 2020177287A1 CN 2019104021 W CN2019104021 W CN 2019104021W WO 2020177287 A1 WO2020177287 A1 WO 2020177287A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
vehicle
angle
adjusting
exhaust valve
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PCT/CN2019/104021
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘振环
刘效宙
李树典
陶桂东
李江春
姜皓沥
杨晓艳
李秀刚
徐萌
陈洋洋
Original Assignee
中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 filed Critical 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司
Priority to SG11202010478YA priority Critical patent/SG11202010478YA/en
Priority to US17/435,050 priority patent/US20220135090A1/en
Publication of WO2020177287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020177287A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0009—Means for controlling or equalizing air pressure shocks in trains, e.g. when passing or crossing in tunnels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/009—Means for ventilating only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/24—Devices purely for ventilating or where the heating or cooling is irrelevant
    • B60H1/248—Air-extractors, air-evacuation from the vehicle interior

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of pressure regulation, and particularly relates to an in-vehicle pressure regulation device and an regulation method.
  • the pressure value in the rail vehicle is one of the comfort indicators in the car.
  • the existing rail vehicle air conditioning system is generally equipped with an air supply system and an exhaust system.
  • the ventilator in the air conditioning unit sucks the fresh air outside the vehicle and the return air inside the car, such as the air conditioning unit, and sends it into the car after cooling or heating.
  • the exhaust system exhausts the exhaust gas from the car outside.
  • the fresh air volume can be adjusted through the fresh air valve, and the waste air volume can be adjusted through the waste exhaust valve.
  • the difference between the volume of fresh air and the volume of exhaust air is the main factor that affects the pressure in the vehicle.
  • the pressure in the vehicle is controlled by controlling the volume of fresh air introduced by the air supply system and the volume of exhaust gas discharged by the waste discharge device.
  • the control of the air volume is controlled by the selection of the fan, the fresh air valve of the air conditioning unit and the waste exhaust valve of the waste discharge device.
  • the models of fans and exhaust fans are finally determined through experiments.
  • the fresh air volume is set to 3 types of high, medium and low.
  • angle B of the waste exhaust valve which are different from the fresh air.
  • the angle A of the valve corresponds to it and is controlled by the air conditioning controller during the operation of the air conditioning system. The specific relationship is as follows:
  • Fresh air valve angle A1 corresponding to fresh air volume 1 ⁇ waste exhaust valve angle B1;
  • Fresh air valve angle A2 corresponding to fresh air volume 2 ⁇ waste exhaust valve angle B2;
  • Structural improvements are made on the basis of existing models. Changes in the air duct structure may cause changes in the pressure in the car; during operation, the air duct and filter will increase the resistance of the air duct due to long-term operation, and the fan will be caused by long-term operation. When the performance of the vehicle changes, it will also cause changes in the pressure in the car. To fix the pressure in the vehicle within a certain range, it is necessary to test at the same time to match the angles of the fresh air valve and the exhaust air valve.
  • the main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a method that can effectively control the internal pressure of the vehicle within a reasonable range when the internal pressure of the vehicle changes due to the resistance of the air duct, the performance change of the fan, and the improvement of the product structure, and at the same time, it can avoid re-testing and Simulation, a pressure regulating device and a regulating method in the car that greatly reduces the cost.
  • a method for adjusting pressure in a vehicle includes the following steps:
  • the angle of the waste exhaust valve is adjusted and corrected by the control device according to the start command until the target requirement is met.
  • the start command is for the control device to determine whether the in-vehicle pressure value P exceeds the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P, and if it exceeds the set pressure range, the angle of the waste exhaust valve is automatically adjusted according to the set logic.
  • the control device automatically determines whether the pressure value P in the vehicle exceeds the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P, and automatically adjusts the angle of the waste exhaust valve.
  • control device determines that the pressure value P in the vehicle has exceeded the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P, it also includes the step of manually confirming whether the angle adjustment needs to be continued.
  • the setting logic is that when the pressure value P in the detected carriage is greater than the set pressure range Ps+ ⁇ P, the exhaust air valve is controlled to increase the setting angle step by step until the target requirement is reached; When the pressure value P is less than the set pressure range Ps- ⁇ P, control the waste exhaust valve to gradually reduce the set angle until it reaches the target requirement;
  • the target requirement is to adjust the pressure value P in the cabin to within the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P.
  • the start command is a manual activation of a start switch
  • the start switch includes "increase” or “decrease”, and each time the switch is manually activated, the control device controls the waste exhaust valve to increase or decrease the set angle accordingly .
  • the target requirement is the number of artificial activation of the start switch.
  • control device includes an air conditioning system controller, or a waste discharge device controller.
  • An in-vehicle pressure adjusting device for realizing the above-mentioned method for adjusting the in-vehicle pressure includes:
  • Pressure detection device for real-time detection of the pressure value P in the carriage
  • the control device is used for adjusting and correcting the angle of the waste exhaust valve according to the start command until the target requirement is met.
  • the present invention provides an in-vehicle pressure adjusting device and an adjusting method, which solves the problem of changes in vehicle pressure caused by changes in fan performance and air duct resistance during vehicle operation, and also solves After improving the design on the existing platform, the problem of the pressure change in the vehicle caused by the change of the vehicle structure such as the air duct, the pressure in the vehicle is adjusted by adjusting the angle of the air valve, so that the pressure in the vehicle is always controlled within a reasonable range , Provide comfort in the car.
  • the present invention can avoid the test and simulation for adjusting the pressure in the vehicle when the existing platform is improved and designed, greatly reduce the test cost, and expand the application scope of the basic product air conditioning system platform.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of in-vehicle pressure adjustment according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of pressure regulation in a vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart of pressure adjustment in a vehicle according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of the internal pressure regulation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pressure sensor 1 As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the pressure sensor 1, the air conditioning system controller 2, the waste exhaust valve 3, and the waste exhaust device controller 4.
  • a pressure regulating device in a vehicle provided by the present invention includes a pressure detecting device and a control device.
  • the pressure detection device adopts a pressure sensor 1 or a differential pressure sensor, which is installed inside the vehicle compartment to detect the pressure value P in the vehicle compartment in real time, and transmit the detected pressure value P to the control device in real time.
  • At least one pressure sensor 1 or differential pressure sensor is arranged in each carriage for real-time monitoring of pressure changes in each carriage. Because the pressure sensor 1 only collects the pressure value in the vehicle compartment, the installation position is not limited and can be installed at any position in the vehicle compartment, such as preferably installed in a control cabinet at the end of the vehicle compartment.
  • the pressure sensor 1 can detect changes in the pressure in the vehicle due to changes in fan performance and increased air duct resistance (such as clogged return air filter, rough air duct surface, etc.) Pressure changes in the car.
  • the pressure sensor 1 can also detect the change in the pressure in the vehicle in time.
  • the control device is used to adjust and correct the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 according to the start command until the target requirement is met.
  • the waste exhaust air volume is adjusted, and then the difference between the fresh air volume and the waste exhaust air volume is controlled to achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressure in the vehicle compartment.
  • the angle of the fresh air damper can also be adjusted to achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressure in the compartment.
  • the pressure sensor 1 is connected to the control device through a control line, because each car is equipped with a pressure sensor 1.
  • the air conditioning system controller 2 installed in each car is used as the control device.
  • One or more pressure sensors 1 installed in the cabin are all connected to the air conditioning system controller 2 of the corresponding cabin.
  • the air conditioning unit controller 2 receives and processes the pressure signal collected by the pressure sensor 1, calculates and analyzes the collected data, and controls the angle adjustment of the waste exhaust valve 3.
  • At least one pressure sensor 1 installed in each car is used to detect the pressure change in the car, and the collected pressure value is transmitted to the air conditioning system controller 2 of the car in real time.
  • the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is adjusted and corrected by the control device according to the start command until the target requirement is met.
  • the start command is for the control device to determine whether the pressure value P in the vehicle exceeds the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P. If it exceeds the set pressure range, the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is automatically adjusted according to the set logic. The target requirement is to adjust the pressure value P in the cabin to the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P.
  • the control device After the air conditioning system is powered on for the first time in each set period, the control device will automatically determine whether the pressure value P in the car exceeds the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P, and the waste exhaust valve The angle of 3 is automatically adjusted. In this embodiment, it is preferable to set the cycle as every day, that is, the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is adjusted every day, and it is only necessary to adjust it once a day.
  • the adjusted result is stored in the air conditioning system controller 2. When the air conditioning system is powered on again, it will work at the adjusted angle.
  • control device After improving the air duct structure, the control device also automatically determines whether the pressure value P in the vehicle exceeds the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P, and automatically adjusts the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 accordingly, and the adjusted result Stored in the air-conditioning system controller 2, when the air-conditioning system is powered on, it will work at the adjusted angle.
  • the control device when the control device determines that the pressure value P in the vehicle has exceeded the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P, it also includes the step of manually confirming whether the angle adjustment needs to be continued, that is, the display of the air conditioning system controller 2 A prompt dialog box pops up on the screen, and the user clicks on the dialog box "Agree to Adjust” before entering the step of adjusting the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3.
  • the confirmation step of "consent to adjustment” can also be cancelled according to the situation, and the whole process is automatically completed by the air conditioning system controller 2.
  • the setting logic for adjusting the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is that when the detected pressure value P in the carriage is greater than the set pressure range Ps+ ⁇ P, the waste exhaust valve 3 is controlled one or more times to increase the set angle until the target is reached Claim. When the detected pressure value P in the carriage is less than the set pressure range Ps- ⁇ P, the waste exhaust valve 3 is controlled one or more times to reduce the set angle until the target requirement is reached.
  • the setting angle for each increase or decrease is preferably 1°. After adjusting once, check the pressure value P in the vehicle compartment. If the pressure value P in the vehicle compartment does not reach the set pressure range, it will be performed after a set time interval. For the second adjustment, until the target requirement is reached, the setting time between two adjacent adjustments is preferably 30 seconds.
  • Step S2 specifically includes the following:
  • the air conditioning system controller 2 judges the current pressure in the vehicle based on the data of the pressure sensor 1 Whether the value P is within the set pressure range Ps ⁇ P.
  • the air conditioning system controller 2 will pop up a prompt dialog box. After clicking "Agree to Adjust", the air conditioning system controller 2 will adjust the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 . As shown in Figure 2, the adjustment logic is as follows:
  • the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is increased by 1°, and after a delay of a set time (30 seconds), if the internal pressure value P meets the target requirement, the adjustment ends. Otherwise, continue to increase by 1°, delay 30 seconds, and so on, until the target requirement is reached.
  • the air-conditioning system controller 2 will pop up a prompt dialog box. After clicking "Agree to adjust", the air-conditioning system controller 2 will adjust the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 Adjustment. As shown in Figure 2, the adjustment logic is as follows:
  • the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is reduced by 1°, and after a delay of a set time (30 seconds), if the internal pressure value P meets the target requirement, the adjustment ends. Otherwise, continue to decrease by 1°, delay 30 seconds, and so on, until the target requirement is reached.
  • the adjusted angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is updated and stored in the air conditioning system controller 2. When the air conditioning system is powered on again, it will work at the adjusted angle.
  • This adjustment method solves the problem of changes in the internal pressure of the vehicle due to changes in fan performance and air duct resistance during the operation of the vehicle. It also solves the problem of changes in vehicle structure due to air ducts and other vehicle structures after improved design on the existing platform
  • the problem of the change in the pressure in the vehicle caused by the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is adjusted to adjust the pressure in the vehicle compartment, so that the pressure in the vehicle compartment is always controlled within a reasonable range, and the comfort of the vehicle is provided.
  • this adjustment method can avoid testing and simulation for adjusting the pressure in the vehicle when improving the design of the existing platform, greatly reducing the cost of testing, and expanding the scope of application of the basic product air conditioning system platform.
  • the start command in this embodiment is to manually activate the start switch 5. That is, every day after the air conditioner is powered on for the first time, the pressure inside the vehicle is not adjusted. Instead, the user regularly reads the pressure value P in the vehicle through the touch screen of the air conditioner or the HMI display, and starts to adjust the angle of the waste exhaust valve by artificially activating the start switch 5.
  • a step of. The target requirement is the number of artificial activation of the start switch 5, that is, the number of artificial control and adjustment, rather than automatic adjustment according to the pressure in the compartment.
  • the start switch includes “increase” or “decrease”.
  • the user chooses whether to increase or decrease the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 according to the displayed pressure value P in the cabin. Every time the "increase” or “decrease” switch is activated manually, the control device controls the waste exhaust valve 3 to increase or decrease the set angle accordingly.
  • the setting angle for each increase or decrease is preferably 1°, and the interval setting time between two adjustments is preferably 30 seconds. Even if the "increase” or “decrease” switch is pressed continuously, the air conditioning system controls The device 2 will also automatically control the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 after a delay of 30 seconds.
  • the adjusted angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is updated and stored in the air conditioning system controller 2. When the air conditioning system is powered on again, it will work according to the adjusted angle.
  • the difference from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is that in rail vehicles with relatively high speed grades, the exhaust air valve 3 of the forced ventilation exhaust device adopts its own pressure-driven air valve angle adjustment
  • the structure of the device, the angle adjustment of the waste exhaust valve 3 is not controlled by the air conditioning system controller 2, and the fine adjustment of the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is only controlled by the controller 4 of the waste exhaust device itself.
  • the specific process is as follows:
  • the pressure sensor 1 collects the pressure in the vehicle compartment, and transmits the data to the waste discharge device controller and the air conditioning system controller.
  • the waste discharge device controller 4 automatically "fine-tunes" the angle of the waste discharge valve 3 according to the signal from the pressure sensor 1.
  • the adjustment method is the same as that described in the first and second embodiments, and the air conditioning system controller 2 records and displays the pressure value ,
  • the initial position of the waste exhaust valve 3 is controlled by the air conditioning system controller 2 to avoid excessive pressure immediately after the air conditioner is turned on.
  • the difference from the third embodiment is that the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 is completely controlled by the waste exhaust device controller 4.
  • the waste discharge device controller 4 automatically controls the angle of the waste discharge valve 3 according to the signal of the pressure sensor 1. After the air conditioning system is first powered on, the waste exhaust device controller 4 controls the angle of the waste exhaust valve 3 to adjust to the initial position, and then adjusts the specific angle according to the pressure signal feedback. The initial angle is also set to avoid excessive pressure immediately after the air conditioner is turned on. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

一种车内压力调节方法，包括如下步骤：S1、检测车厢内的压力值P；S2、由控制装置根据启动命令调节校正废排风阀的角度，直至满足目标要求。还包括一种实现所述压力调节方法的车内压力调节装置。通过调节风阀的角度调节车厢内的压力，使车厢内压力始终控制在合理范围内，解决了车辆在运用过程中车内压力的变化的问题，提供车内乘坐的舒适性，降低了试验成本。

Description

一种车内压力调节装置及调节方法 技术领域
本发明属于压力调节技术领域，特别涉及一种车内压力调节装置及调节方法。
背景技术
轨道车辆车内压力值是车内舒适性指标之一。现有轨道车辆空调系统一般设有送风系统以及排风系统。空调机组中的通风机将车辆外部的新风以及车内的回风吸如空调机组，经过冷却或加热后送入车内。排风系统将车内的废气排出车外。通过新风阀可以调节进入空调机组新风量，通过废排风阀可以调节废排风量。
新风量与废排风量的差值是影响车内压力的主要因素。实践中，通过控制送风系统引入的新风量和废排装置排出的废气风量来控制车内的压力。风量的控制通过风机的选型，以及空调机组自带的新风阀和废排装置的废排风阀来控制。
对于一个全新项目的空调系统，通过试验最终确定通风机、废排风机的型号。一般空调系统将新风量设置成高中低3种，与之对应的新风阀角度A也有3种，为了保持车内压力在规定的范围内，废排风阀的角度B也有3种，分别于新风阀的角度A相对应，在空调系统运行过程中由空调控制器控制，具体关系如下：
新风量1对应的新风阀角度A1→废排风阀角度B1；
新风量2对应的新风阀角度A2→废排风阀角度B2；
新风量3对应的新风阀角度A3→废排风阀角度B3。
在现有车型基础上进行结构改进，因风道结构的变化，可能造成车内压力的变化；运营过程中，风道和滤网由于长期运行造成风道阻力增加、以及风机由于长时间运行造成的性能变化时，也会造成车内压力的变化。要将车内压力固定在一定的范围，必须同时试验来匹配新风阀和废排风阀的角度。
对于全新的项目，通过试验来匹配新风阀和废排风阀的角度是必要的，但是在一些改进型设计项目中，如轻微改动风道结构回导致车内压力变化，以及由于风机性能的变化及风道阻力的增加等因素而影响车内压力时，重新通过大量的试验来保证车内的压力符合要求是不经济的。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是，提供一种可在因风道阻力、风机性能变化及产品结构改进造成车内压力变化时，有效控制车内压力在合理范围内，同时可避免重新大量试验和仿真，大幅降低成本的车内压力调节装置和调节方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：
一种车内压力调节方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、检测车厢内的压力值P；
S2、由控制装置根据启动命令调节校正废排风阀的角度，直至满足目标要求。
进一步，所述启动命令为所述控制装置判断车内压力值P是否超出设定压力范围Ps±△P，如超出设定压力范围，则根据设定逻辑自动调节废排风阀角度。
进一步，每设定周期空调系统初次上电后，所述控制装置均自动判断车内压力值P是否超出设定压力范围Ps±△P，对废排风阀的角度进行自动调整。
进一步，在所述控制装置判断车内压力值P已超出设定压力范围Ps±△P时，还包括人为手动确认是否需要继续执行角度调节的步骤。
进一步，所述设定逻辑为，当检测的车厢内的压力值P大于设定压力范围Ps+△P时，控制废排风阀逐级增加设定角度，直至达到目标要求；当检测的车厢内的压力值P小于设定压力范围Ps-△P时，控制废排风阀逐级减小设定角度，直至达到目标要求；
所述目标要求为将车厢内压力值P调节至设定压力范围Ps±△P内。
进一步，所述启动命令为人为激活启动开关，所述启动开关包括“增加”或“减小”，每次人为激活开关后，所述控制装置控制废排风阀相应增加或减小设定角度。
进一步，所述目标要求为人为激活启动开关的次数。
进一步，两次调节设定角度的操作之间间隔一设定时间。
进一步，所述控制装置包括空调系统控制器、或废排装置控制器。
本发明的另一个技术方案是：
一种实现如上所述的车内压力调节方法的车内压力调节装置，包括：
压力检测装置，用于实时检测车厢内的压力值P；
控制装置，用于根据启动命令调节校正废排风阀的角度，直至满足目标要求。
综上所述，本发明提供的一种车内压力调节装置及调节方法，解决了车辆在运用过程中，因风机性能、风道阻力变化而引起车内压力的变化的问题，同时也解决 了在现有平台上进行改进设计后，因风道等车辆结构变更而引起的车内压力的变化的问题，通过调节风阀的角度调节车厢内的压力，使车厢内压力始终控制在合理范围内，提供车内乘坐的舒适性。同时，本发明可避免在现有平台改进设计时为了调整车内压力而进行的试验和仿真，大幅降低试验成本，扩大了基础产品空调系统平台的适用范围。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一车内压力调节流程图；
图2是本发明实施例二车内压力调节流程图；
图3是本发明实施例三车内压力调节流程图；
图4是本发明实施例四车内压力调节流程图；。
如图1至图4所示，压力传感器1，空调系统控制器2，废排风阀3，废排装置控制器4。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：
实施例一：
如图1所示，本发明提供的一种车内压力调节装置，包括压力检测装置和控制装置。
其中，压力检测装置采用压力传感器1或压差传感器，安装在车厢内部，用于实时检测车厢内的压力值P，并将检测的压力值P实时传输至控制装置。在每节车厢内都设置有至少一个压力传感器1或压差传感器，用于对每节车厢内的压力变化进行实时监测。因为该压力传感器1仅采集车厢内的压力值，因此安装位置不受限制，可以安装在车厢内的任意位置，如优选安装在车厢端部的控制柜内。
当车辆在运用过程中，因风机性能的变化、风道阻力加大(如回风滤网堵塞、风道表面变粗糙等)而引起车内压力的变化时，压力传感器1都可以及时检测到车内的压力变化。同时，当在现有设计平台的基础上，对风道等车辆结构进行改进后引起的车内压力的变化，压力传感器1同样可以及时检测到由此带来的车内压力的变化。
控制装置用于根据启动命令调节校正废排风阀3的角度，直至满足目标要求。通过调节废排风阀3的角度，调节废排风量，进而控制新风量与废排风量的差值， 达到调节车厢内压力的目的。当然，也可以通过调节新风风阀的角度，以达到调节车厢内压力的目的。
压力传感器1通过控制线与控制装置连接，因为每节车厢内都安装有压力传感器1，本实施例中，为了简化控制方式，将在每节车厢都安装的空调系统控制器2作为控制装置，车厢内安装的一个或多个压力传感器1均与对应车厢的空调系统控制器2连接。由空调机组控制器2接收和处理由压力传感器1采集的压力信号，并对采集的数据进行计算和分析，并控制废排风阀3的角度调节。
下面详细描述一种车内压力调节方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、检测车厢内的压力值P；
利用安装在每节车厢内的至少一个压力传感器1检测车厢内的压力变化，并实时将采集的压力值传输至本节车厢的空调系统控制器2中。
S2、由控制装置根据启动命令调节校正废排风阀3的角度，直至满足目标要求。
启动命令为控制装置判断车内压力值P是否超出设定压力范围Ps±△P，如超出设定压力范围，则根据设定逻辑自动调节废排风阀3的角度。目标要求为将车厢内压力值P调节至设定压力范围Ps±△P内。
为了提高控制精度，设定调节周期，在每设定周期空调系统初次上电后，控制装置均自动判断车内压力值P是否超出设定压力范围Ps±△P，据此对废排风阀3的角度进行自动调整。本实施例中，优选设定周期为每天，即每天都对废排风阀3的角度进行调节，每天调节一次即可。将调整后的结果存储在空调系统控制器2中，空调系统再次上电工作时，按调整后的角度工作。
在对风道结构进行改进后，控制装置也自动判断车内压力值P是否超出设定压力范围Ps±△P，并据此对废排风阀3的角度进行自动调整，将调整后的结果存储在空调系统控制器2中，空调系统上电工作时，按调整后的角度工作。
本实施例中，优选在控制装置判断车内压力值P已超出设定压力范围Ps±△P时，还包括人为手动确认是否需要继续执行角度调节的步骤，即在空调系统控制器2的显示屏上弹出提示对话框，使用者点击“同意调整”的对话框后，才进入调节废排风阀3角度的步骤。当然，也可以根据情况取消“同意调整”的确认步骤，全过程均由空调系统控制器2自动完成。
调节废排风阀3角度的设定逻辑为，当检测的车厢内的压力值P大于设定压力范 围Ps+△P时，一次或多次控制废排风阀3增加设定角度，直至达到目标要求。当检测的车厢内的压力值P小于设定压力范围Ps-△P时，一次或多次控制废排风阀3减小设定角度，直至达到目标要求。
每次增加或减少的设定角度优选为1°，调整一次后，检测车厢内的压力值P，如果车厢内的压力值P未达到设定压力范围，则在间隔一设定时间后再进行第二次调节，直至达到目标要求，相邻两次调节间隔的设定时间优选为30秒。
步骤S2中具体包括如下：
S21、车辆初次上电后，空调处于集控自动运行工况下(在非手动模式下、或非紧急通风下即可)，空调系统控制器2通过压力传感器1的数据进行判断当前车内压力值P是否处于设定压力范围Ps±△P内。
S22、如果车内压力值P大于设定压力范围Ps+△P，则空调系统控制器2弹出提示对话框，点击“同意调整”后，空调系统控制器2对废排风阀3的角度进行调整。如图2所示，调整的逻辑如下：
废排风阀3的角度增大1°，延时一设定时间(30秒)后，如车内压力值P符合目标要求，则调整结束。否则继续增加1°，延时30秒，以此类推，直至达到目标要求。
S23、如果车内压力值P小于设定压力范围Ps-△P，则空调系统控制器2弹出提示对话框，点击“同意调整”后，空调系统控制器2对废排风阀3的角度进行调整。如图2所示，调整的逻辑如下：
废排风阀3的角度减小1°，延时一设定时间(30秒)后，如车内压力值P符合目标要求，则调整结束。否则继续减小1°，延时30秒，以此类推，直至达到目标要求。
S23、调整后的废排风阀3角度更新存储到空调系统控制器2中，空调系统再次上电工作时，按调整后的角度工作。
该调节方法解决了车辆在运用过程中，因风机性能、风道阻力变化而引起车内压力的变化的问题，同时也解决了在现有平台上进行改进设计后，因风道等车辆结构变更而引起的车内压力的变化的问题，通过调节废排风阀3的角度调节车厢内的压力，使车厢内压力始终控制在合理范围内，提供车内乘坐的舒适性。同时，该调 节方法可避免在现有平台改进设计时为了调整车内压力而进行的试验和仿真，大幅降低试验成本，扩大了基础产品空调系统平台的适用范围。
实施例二：
如图2所示，与实施例一不同之处在于，本实施例中的启动命令为人为激活启动开关5。即每天空调初次上电后不进行车内压力调整，而是由使用者通过空调触摸屏或HMI显示屏定期读取车内压力值P，通过人为激活启动开关5的方式启动调节废排风阀角度的步骤。目标要求为人为激活启动开关5的次数，即人为控制调节的次数，而不是根据车厢内的压力自动调节。
启动开关包括“增加”或“减小”两个，使用者根据显示的车厢内压力值P为人选择是增加还是减小废排风阀3的角度。每次人为激活“增加”或“减小”开关后，控制装置控制废排风阀3相应增加或减小设定角度。每次增加或减少的设定角度优选为1°，两次调节之间间隔设定时间，该设定时间优选为30秒，即使连续按动“增加”或“减小”开关，空调系统控制器2也会自动控制延时30秒后再调节废排风阀3的角度。
具体方法如下：
S21、通过空调触摸屏或HMI显示屏定期读取车内压力值P，人工决定是否调整。
S22、如果调整，则人工通过按动“增大”、“减小”废排风阀3角度的按钮调整风阀角度，每按1次则调整1°，延时一设定时间(30秒)，完成1°角度调整，如还需调整，再次点击。
S23、点击按钮后，空调系统控制器2内部废排风阀3角度调整的程序自动运行。
S24、调整后的废排风阀3角度更新存储到空调系统控制器2中，空调系统再次上电工作时，按调整后的角度工作。
实施例三：
如图3所示，与实施例一和实施例二不同之处在于，在速度等级比较高的轨道车辆中，强制通风废排装置的废排风阀3采用自带有压力驱动风阀角度调整装置的结构，废排风阀3的角度调节不经过空调系统控制器2的控制，废排风阀3角度的微调只由废排装置自身的控制器4进行控制，具体过程如下：
压力传感器1采集车厢内的压力，将数据传至废排装置控制器和空调系统控制器。废排装置控制器4根据压力传感器1的信号自动“微调”废排风阀3的角度， 调节方法与实施例一和实施例二中所述相同，由空调系统控制器2记录和显示压力值，废排风阀3的初始位置由空调系统控制器2控制，避免空调开机后瞬间压力太大。
实施例四：
如图4所示，与实施例三不同之处在于，废排风阀3的角度完全由废排装置控制器4控制。废排装置控制器4根据压力传感器1的信号自行控制废排风阀3的角度。空调系统初次上电后，由废排装置控制器4控制废排风阀3的角度调整到初始位置，然后根据压力信号反馈调节具体角度，设置初始角度同样是为了避免空调开机后瞬间压力太大。
如上所述，结合附图所给出的方案内容，可以衍生出类似的技术方案。但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1、检测车厢内的压力值P；
    S2、由控制装置根据启动命令调节校正废排风阀的角度，直至满足目标要求。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：所述启动命令为所述控制装置判断车内压力值P是否超出设定压力范围Ps±△P，如超出设定压力范围，则根据设定逻辑自动调节废排风阀角度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：每设定周期空调系统初次上电后，所述控制装置均自动判断车内压力值P是否超出设定压力范围Ps±△P，对废排风阀的角度进行自动调整。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：在所述控制装置判断车内压力值P已超出设定压力范围Ps±△P时，还包括人为手动确认是否需要继续执行角度调节的步骤。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：所述设定逻辑为，当检测的车厢内的压力值P大于设定压力范围Ps+△P时，控制废排风阀逐级增加设定角度，直至达到目标要求；当检测的车厢内的压力值P小于设定压力范围Ps-△P时，控制废排风阀逐级减小设定角度，直至达到目标要求；
    所述目标要求为将车厢内压力值P调节至设定压力范围Ps±△P内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：所述启动命令为人为激活启动开关，所述启动开关包括“增加”或“减小”，每次人为激活开关后，所述控制装置控制废排风阀相应增加或减小设定角度。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：所述目标要求为人为激活启动开关的次数。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：两次调节设定角度的操作之间间隔一设定时间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车内压力调节方法，其特征在于：所述控制装置包括空调系统控制器、或废排装置控制器。
  10. 一种实现如权利要求1-9任一项所述的车内压力调节方法的车内压力调节装置，其特征在于，包括：
    压力检测装置，用于实时检测车厢内的压力值P；
    控制装置，用于根据启动命令调节校正废排风阀的角度，直至满足目标要求。
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