Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/177—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
  • A61K38/1774—Immunoglobulin superfamily (e.g. CD2, CD4, CD8, ICAM molecules, B7 molecules, Fc-receptors, MHC-molecules)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/177—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
  • C07K14/70503—Immunoglobulin superfamily
  • C07K14/70532—B7 molecules, e.g. CD80, CD86
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
  • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
  • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
  • C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
  • C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
  • C12Q1/6886—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material for cancer
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
  • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
  • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
  • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
  • G01N33/575—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
  • G01N33/5758—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving compounds serving as markers for tumours, cancers or neoplasias, e.g. cellular determinants, receptors, heat shock/stress proteins, A-protein, oligosaccharides or metabolites
  • G01N33/5759—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving compounds serving as markers for tumours, cancers or neoplasias, e.g. cellular determinants, receptors, heat shock/stress proteins, A-protein, oligosaccharides or metabolites involving compounds localised on the membrane of tumour or cancer cells
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
  • C07K2319/30—Non-immunoglobulin-derived peptide or protein having an immunoglobulin constant or Fc region, or a fragment thereof, attached thereto
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
  • C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
  • C12Q2600/106—Pharmacogenomics, i.e. genetic variability in individual responses to drugs and drug metabolism
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
  • C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
  • C12Q2600/158—Expression markers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
  • G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
  • G01N2333/705—Assays involving receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
  • G01N2333/70503—Immunoglobulin superfamily, e.g. VCAMs, PECAM, LFA-3
  • G01N2333/70532—B7 molecules, e.g. CD80, CD86
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
  • G01N2800/52—Predicting or monitoring the response to treatment, e.g. for selection of therapy based on assay results in personalised medicine; Prognosis

Definitions

• fusion proteins comprising an CD80 (B7-1) extracellular domain (ECD) and an immunoglobulin fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain are effective in treating tumors, regardless of the PD-Ll status. Accordingly, such fusion proteins can be used advantageously to treat PD-Ll negative tumors.
• PD-1 programmed cell death protein 1
• PD-1 is an immunologic checkpoint that is expressed on activated T cells.
• the PD-1 pathway is important in the tumor
• PD-Ll programmed cell death protein 1 ligand expressed by tumors interacts with PD-1 to suppress T cell effector functions, thereby surpassing immune surveillance and tumor cell killing.
• PD-Ll can also be expressed by antigen presenting cells in the tumor microenvironment. Both PD-1 and PD-Ll antagonists have been approved for the treatment of cancers.
• CD80 proteins could act therapeutically by antagonizing the inhibitory PD-Ll/PD-1 pathway to drive potent anti-tumor immunity (Swanson et al. , Cancer Research 78: Abstract 4550 (2016).) Indeed, CD80 extracellular domain (ECD)-Fc fusion proteins have been shown to elicit potent antitumor activity.
• PD-Ll is not expressed on all tumors.
• PD-Ll testing is required for the treatment of certain indications with inhibitors of PD-1 or PD-Ll, such that tumors that do not express PD-Ll may not be eligible for the treatment. Accordingly, methods of treatment for PD-Ll negative tumors are needed.
• fusion proteins comprising the extracellular domain (ECD) of human cluster of differentiation 80 (CD80) and the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain of human immunoglobulin G 1 (IgGl) is mediated via CD28 and CTLA-4, but not via PD-L1. Therefore, these fusion proteins are surprisingly able to treat tumors, regardless of their PD-L1 status. Accordingly, provided herein are methods of treating PD-L1 negative tumors comprising administering fusion proteins comprising a CD80 ECD and a Fc domain of human IgGl.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a subject comprises administering to the subject a composition comprising CD80 extracellular domain (ECD) fusion molecules.
• the tumor has been determined to be PD-L1 negative prior to the administration.
• the method further comprises determining that the tumor is PD-L1 negative prior to the administration.
• a method of selecting a subject with a tumor for treatment with a composition comprising CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprises determining whether a tumor sample obtained from the subject is PD-L1 negative and selecting the subject for treatment with the composition if the tumor sample is determined to be PD-L1 negative.
• a composition comprising CD80 ECD fusion molecules is for use in the treatment of a PD-L1 negative cancer tumor in a subject.
• the subject is selected for the treatment by determining that a tumor sample obtained from the subject is PD-L1 negative.
• composition comprising CD80 ECD fusion molecules is for use in the treatment of a tumor in a subject, wherein the tumor has been determined to be PD-L1 negative.
• an in vitro method for identifying a subject with a tumor that is responsive to treatment with a composition comprising CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprises determining whether a tumor sample obtained from the subject is PD-L1 negative, wherein the subject is identified as being responsive to treatment with a CD80 ECD fusion molecule if the tumor sample is determined to be PD-L1 negative.
• an vitro use of at least one agent capable of determining that a tumor sample is PD-L1 negative is for identifying a subject with a tumor that is responsive to treatment with a composition comprising CD80 ECD fusion molecules.
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD-L1 negative using an agent that is capable of detecting PD-L1 protein.
• the agent is an antibody that specifically binds to PD-L1 protein.
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD- L1 negative by Western blot.
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD-L1 negative by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).
• FACS fluorescence-activated cell sorting
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD-L1 negative by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
• the sample is a paraffin-embedded sample.
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD-L1 negative using an agent that is capable of detecting PD-L1 mRNA.
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD-L1 negative by quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
• RT quantitative reverse transcriptase
• PCR polymerase chain reaction
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD-L1 negative using RNA-Seq.
• the tumor has been determined or is determined to be PD-L1 negative using a microarray.
• the tumor is a solid tumor.
• the subject is afflicted with a cancer selected from the group consisting of colorectal cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder cancer, and endometrial cancer.
• the subject is afflicted with a cancer that is recurrent or progressive after a therapy consisting of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination thereof.
• the CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain.
• the composition comprises sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules.
• the sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise at least 15 moles of sialic acid (SA) per mole of fusion protein.
• the sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise 15-60 moles of SA per mole of fusion protein.
• the sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise 15-40 moles of SA per mole of fusion protein.
• the sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise 15-30 moles of SA per mole of fusion protein.
• the sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise 20-30 moles of SA per mole of fusion protein.
• the CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise a human CD80 ECD comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:l.
• the CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise a human IgGl Fc domain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3.
• the Fc domain of human IgGl is linked to the carboxy terminus of the ECD of human CD80.
• the CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5.
• the PD-L1 negative tumor has a TPS score of less than 5% or less than 1%.
• the composition alone does not cause significant release of interferon gamma or TNF alpha from T-cells in vitro.
• the composition alone causes less release of interferon gamma or TNF alpha from T-cells in vitro than TGN1412 alone.
• the composition alone is at least 1000-fold less potent at inducing interferon gamma or TNF alpha release compared to TGN1412 alone.
• the composition is capable of at least 90% tumor growth inhibition in at least one mouse syngeneic cancer model over a period of at least one week, 10 days, two weeks, or three weeks following administration of a single dose of the composition at 0.3 to 0.6 mg/kg.
• the mouse syngeneic cancer model is a CT26 tumor model.
• the treatment comprises administration of about 0.07 mg to about 70 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 7.0 mg to about 70 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 70 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 42 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 21 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 7 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 2.1 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules.
• the treatment comprises administration of about 0.7 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 0.21 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules. In certain aspects, the treatment comprises administration of about 0.07 mg of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules.
• the treatment comprises administration once every three weeks.
• the treatment comprises intravenous administration of the CD80 ECD fusion molecules.
• the subject has not received prior therapy with a PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist.
• the subject has received prior therapy with at least one anti-angiogenic agent.
• the anti- angiogenic agent is sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, tivozanib, ramucirumab, or bevacizumab.
• the anti-angiogenic agent was administered in an advanced or metastatic setting.
• the subject is afflicted with a melanoma that has a BRAF mutation.
• the subject has received prior therapy with at least one BRAF inhibitor.
• the BRAF inhibitor is vemurafenib or dabrafenib.
• the BRAF inhibitor was administered in an advanced or metastatic setting.
• the tumor is recurrent or progressive after a therapy selected from surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and a combination thereof
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a human patient comprises administering to the patient a composition comprising about 0.07 mg to about 70 mg CD80 extracellular domain (ECD) fusion molecules comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5.
• the tumor has been determined to be PD-L1 negative by IHC prior to the administration.
• the composition comprises sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules and the sialylated CD80 ECD fusion molecules comprise 15-60 moles of SA per mole of fusion protein.
• Figs. 1A and IB Mouse splenocytes were evaluated for mCD80-Fc engagement and receptor occupancy.
• Splenic immune cell subsets were identified as CD1 lb+ DCs (B220- Thyl.2-CD49b- CD 1 lc+CDl lb+), CDl lb- DCs (B220-Thyl.2-CD49b-CDl lc+CDl lb-), Macrophages (B220-Thyl.2-CD49b-CDl lc-CDl lb+), NK cells (B220- Thyl.2-CD49b+), and T cells (CD3+CD4+ or CD3+CD8+) by flow cytometry.
• FIG. 1 Representative flow cytometry plots depict the gating strategy.
• B Increasing concentrations of mCD80-Fc were incubated with mouse splenocytes (B ALB/c strain top row; C57B1/6 strain bottom row), and mCD80- Fc engagement was measured both via biotin-labeled anti-mlgG followed by streptavidin Alexa488 (“bound drug”) and by detection of CD80 ligands with competing Ab clones (“free” PD-L1 or CD28) enumerated as Antibody Binding Capacity (ABC) values.
• CTLA-4 was not detected on any immune cell evaluated (data not shown). L.D., limit of detection of ABC.
• Figs. 2A and 2B hCD80-Fc receptor occupancy experiments were performed on lentivirally-transduced CHO cells expressing human CTLA-4, PD-L1, CD28, or all three CD80 ligands (CHO-CTL A4/PDL 1 / CD28 ; "CHO-3"). Parental, non-transduced CHO cells were used as a negative control.
• APC Antibody Binding Capacity
• Figs. 4A and 4B In wf/Yi-expanded CD4+Teff and CD4+Treg were evaluated for hCD80-Fc engagement and receptor occupancy.
• CD80 ligand expression was evaluated by flow cytometry. Representative histograms are shown comparing ligand expression between unstained T cells, CD4+Teff and CD4+Treg.
• Fig. 5 Average tumor growth in all groups and individual tumor volumes on day 21 are shown.
• the term“or” is understood to be inclusive.
• the term“and/or” as used in a phrase such as“A and/or B” herein is intended to include both“A and B,”“A or B,”“A,” and“B.”
• the term“and/or” as used in a phrase such as“A, B, and/or C” is intended to encompass each of the following embodiments: A, B, and C; A, B, or C; A or C; A or B; B or C; A and C; A and B; B and C; A (alone); B (alone); and C (alone).
• polypeptide “peptide,” and“protein” are used interchangeably to refer to a polymer of amino acid residues, and are not limited to a minimum length. Such polymers of amino acid residues may contain natural or non-natural amino acid residues, and include, but are not limited to, peptides, oligopeptides, dimers, trimers, and multimers of amino acid residues. Both full-length proteins and fragments thereof are encompassed by the definition.
• the terms also include post-expression modifications of the polypeptide, for example, glycosylation, sialylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and the like.
• a "polypeptide” refers to a protein which includes modifications, such as deletions, additions, and substitutions (generally conservative in nature), to the native sequence, as long as the protein maintains the desired activity. These modifications may be deliberate, as through site-directed mutagenesis, or may be accidental, such as through mutations of hosts which produce the proteins or errors due to PCR amplification.
• A“fusion molecule” as used herein refers to a molecule composed of two or more different molecules that do not occur together in nature being covalently or noncovalently joined to form a new molecule.
• fusion molecules may be comprised of a polypeptide and a polymer such as PEG, or of two different polypeptides.
• A“fusion protein” refers to a fusion molecule composed of two or more polypeptides that do not occur in a single molecule in nature.
• A“CD80 extracellular domain” or“CD80 ECD” refers to an extracellular domain polypeptide of CD80, including natural and engineered variants thereof.
• a CD80 ECD can, for example, comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2.
• A“CD80 ECD fusion molecule” refers to a molecule comprising a CD80 ECD and a fusion partner. The fusion partner may be covalently attached, for example, to the N- or C- terminal of the CD80 ECD or at an internal location.
• A“CD80 ECD fusion protein” is a CD80 ECD fusion molecule comprising a CD80 ECD and another polypeptide that is not naturally associated with the CD80 ECD, such as an Fc domain.
• a CD80 ECD fusion protein can, for example, comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4 or 5.
• isolated refers to a molecule that has been separated from at least some of the components with which it is typically found in nature.
• a polypeptide is referred to as“isolated” when it is separated from at least some of the components of the cell in which it was produced.
• a polypeptide is secreted by a cell after expression, physically separating the supernatant containing the polypeptide from the cell that produced it is considered to be“isolating” the polypeptide.
• a polypeptide is secreted by a cell after expression, physically separating the supernatant containing the polypeptide from the cell that produced it is considered to be“isolating” the polypeptide.
• polynucleotide is referred to as“isolated” when it is not part of the larger polynucleotide (such as, for example, genomic DNA or mitochondrial DNA, in the case of a DNA polynucleotide) in which it is typically found in nature, or is separated from at least some of the components of the cell in which it was produced, e.g., in the case of an RNA
• DNA polynucleotide that is contained in a vector inside a host cell may be referred to as“isolated” so long as that polynucleotide is not found in that vector in nature.
• subject and“patient” are used interchangeably herein to refer to a human.
• methods of treating other mammals including, but not limited to, rodents, simians, felines, canines, equines, bovines, porcines, ovines, caprines,
• mammalian laboratory animals mammalian farm animals, mammalian sport animals, and mammalian pets, are also provided.
• a cancer is used herein to refer to a group of cells that exhibit abnormally high levels of proliferation and growth.
• a cancer can be a solid tumor, for example, a colorectal cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder cancer, or endometrial cancer.
• Terms such as“treating,”“treatment,” and“to treat,” refer to therapeutic measures that cure, slow down, lessen symptoms of, and/or halt progression of a pathologic condition or disorder. Thus, those in need of treatment include those already diagnosed with or suspected of having the disorder.
• a subject is successfully“treated” for cancer according to the methods of the present invention if the patient shows one or more of the following: a reduction in the number of or complete absence of cancer cells; a reduction in the tumor size; inhibition of or an absence of cancer cell infiltration into peripheral organs including, for example, the spread of cancer into soft tissue and bone;
• tumor metastasis inhibition or an absence of tumor metastasis; inhibition or an absence of tumor growth; relief of one or more symptoms associated with the specific cancer; reduced morbidity and mortality; improvement in quality of life; reduction in tumorigenicity, tumorigenic frequency, or tumorigenic capacity, of a tumor; reduction in the number or frequency of cancer stem cells in a tumor; differentiation of tumorigenic cells to a non-tumorigenic state; increased progression-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), a decrease in progressive disease (PD), a reduced time to progression (TTP), or any combination thereof.
• PFS progression-free survival
• DFS disease-free survival
• OS overall survival
• CR complete response
• PR partial response
• SD stable disease
• PD progressive disease
• TTP reduced time to progression
• administer refers to methods that may be used to enable delivery of a drug, e.g., a CD80 ECD fusion protein to the desired site of biological action (e.g., intravenous administration).
• a drug e.g., a CD80 ECD fusion protein
• Administration techniques that can be employed with the agents and methods described herein are found in e.g. , Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , current edition, Pergamon; and Remington’s, Pharmaceutical Sciences , current edition, Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa.
• the term“therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount of a drug, e.g., a CD80 ECD fusion protein, effective to treat a disease or disorder in a subject.
• the therapeutically effective amount of the drug can reduce the number of cancer cells; reduce the tumor size or burden; inhibit, to some extent, cancer cell infiltration into peripheral organs; inhibit, to some extent, tumor metastasis; inhibit, to some extent, tumor growth; relieve, to some extent, one or more of the symptoms associated with the cancer; and/or result in a favorable response such as increased progression-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or, in some cases, stable disease (SD), a decrease in progressive disease (PD), a reduced time to progression (TTP), or any combination thereof.
• PFS progression-free survival
• DFS disease-free survival
• OS overall survival
• CR complete response
• PR partial response
• SD stable disease
• SD stable disease
• PD progressive disease
• the terms“resistant” or“nonresponsive” when used in the context of treatment with a therapeutic agent means that the subject shows decreased response or lack of response to a standard dose of the therapeutic agent, relative to the subject’s response to the standard dose of the therapeutic agent in the past, or relative to the expected response of a similar subject with a similar disorder to the standard dose of the therapeutic agent.
• a subject may be resistant to a therapeutic agent although the subject has not previously been given the therapeutic agent, or the subject may develop resistance to the therapeutic agent after having responded to the agent on one or more previous occasions.
• A“refractory” cancer is one that progresses even though an anti-tumor treatment, such as a chemotherapy, is administered to the cancer patient.
• A“recurrent” cancer is one that has regrown, either at the initial site or at a distant site, after a response to initial therapy.
• the terms“programmed cell death 1 ligand 1” and“PD-L1” refer to one of two cell surface glycoprotein ligands for PD-1 (the other being PD-L2) that down regulate T-cell activation and cytokine secretion upon binding to PD-1.
• the term "PD-L1” as used herein includes human PD-L1 (hPD-Ll), naturally occurring variants and isoforms of hPD-1, and species homologs of hPD-Ll. A mature hPD-Ll sequence is provided as SEQ ID NO:6.
• PD-L1 negative tumor refers to a tumor that does not significantly express PD-L1 on the cell surface.
• the presence or absence of PD-L1 can be determined, for example, using immunohistochemistry, which can be quantitated using a tumor proportion score (TPS).
• TPS tumor proportion score
• a TPS (%) is equal to [Number of PD-L1 -stained tumor cells/ total number of viable tumor cells] x 100.
• a PD-L1 negative tumor can be a tumor with a TPS score of less than 5% or less than 1%.
• PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist refers to a moiety that disrupts the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.
• the antagonist inhibits the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway by binding to PD-1 and/or PD-L1.
• the PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist also binds to PD-L2.
• a PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist blocks binding of PD-1 to PD-L1 and optionally PD-L2.
• Nonlimiting exemplary PD-1/PD-L1 antagonists include PD-1 antagonists, such as antibodies that bind to PD-1 (e.g., nivolumab and pembrolizumab); PD-L1 antagonists, such as antibodies that bind to PD-L1 (e.g., atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab); fusion proteins, such as AMP-224; and peptides, such as AUR-012.
• PD-1 antagonists such as antibodies that bind to PD-1 (e.g., nivolumab and pembrolizumab)
• PD-L1 antagonists such as antibodies that bind to PD-L1 (e.g., atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab)
• fusion proteins such as AMP-224
• peptides such as AUR-012.
• an“anti-angiogenic agent” or“angiogenesis inhibitor” refers to an agent such as a small molecular weight substance, a polynucleotide (including, e.g., an inhibitory RNA (RNAi or siRNA)), a polypeptide, an isolated protein, a recombinant protein, an antibody, or conjugates or fusion proteins thereof, that inhibits angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, or undesirable vascular permeability, either directly or indirectly.
• RNAi or siRNA inhibitory RNA
• an anti -angiogenic agent includes those agents that bind and block the angiogenic activity of the angiogenic factor or its receptor.
• an anti -angiogenic agent is an antibody to or other antagonist of an angiogenic agent, e.g, antibodies to VEGF-A (e.g, bevacizumab (Avastin ® )) or to the VEGF-A receptor (e.g., KDR receptor or Flt-1 receptor), anti-PDGFR inhibitors such as Gleevec ® (Imatinib Mesylate), small molecules that block VEGF receptor signaling (e.g., PTK787/ZK2284, SU6668, Sutent ® /SUl 1248 (sunitinib malate), AMG706, or those described in, e.g, international patent application WO 2004/113304).
• VEGF-A e.g, bevacizumab (Avastin ® )
• VEGF-A receptor e.g., KDR receptor or Flt-1 receptor
• anti-PDGFR inhibitors such as Gleevec ® (Imatinib Mes
• Anti-angiogensis agents also include native angiogenesis inhibitors, e.g, angiostatin, endostatin, etc. See, e.g., Klagsbrun and D’Amore (1991) Annu. Rev. Physiol. 53:217-39; Streit and Detmar (2003) Oncogene 22:3172-3179 (e.g., Table 3 listing anti-angiogenic therapy in malignant melanoma); Ferrara & Alitalo (1999) Nature Medicine 5(12): 1359-1364; Tonini et al. (2003) Oncogene 22:6549-6556 (e.g., Table 2 listing known anti-angiogenic factors); Sato (2003)
• the term“pharmaceutical composition” refers to a preparation which is in such form as to permit the biological activity of the active ingredient to be effective, and which contains no additional components which are unacceptably toxic to a subject to which the formulation would be administered.
• the formulation can be sterile.
• a pharmaceutical composition may contain a“pharmaceutical carrier,” which refers to carrier that is non toxic to recipients at the dosages and concentrations employed and is compatible with other ingredients of the formulation.
• the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is appropriate for the formulation employed. For example, if the therapeutic agent is to be administered
• the carrier ideally is not irritable to the skin and does not cause injection site reaction.
• the terms“about” and“approximately,” when used to modify a numeric value or numeric range, indicate that deviations of 5% to 10% above and 5% to 10% below the value or range remain within the intended meaning of the recited value or range.
• compositions or methods provided herein can be combined with one or more of any of the other compositions and methods provided herein.
• CD80 ECD fusion proteins comprising a CD80 ECD and an Fc domain (a“CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein”).
• exemplary CD80 ECD fusion proteins are provided, for example, in WO 2017/079117, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
• the CD80 ECD can, for example, be a human CD80 ECD.
• the human CD80 ECD comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1.
• the Fc domain can be the Fc domain of an IgG.
• the Fc domain can be the Fc domain of a human immunoglobulin.
• the Fc domain is a human IgG Fc domain.
• the Fc domain is a human IgGl Fc domain.
• the human IgGl Fc domain comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4.
• the CD80 ECD and the Fc domain can be directly linked such that the N-terminal amino acid of the Fc domain immediately follows the C-terminal amino acid of the CD80 ECD.
• the CD80 ECD and the Fc domain are translated as a single polypeptide from a coding sequence that encodes both the CD80 ECD and the Fc domain.
• the CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein comprises a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain.
• the CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5.
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins can, depending on how they are produced, have different levels of particular glycosylation modifications.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein can be sialylated and can have different amounts of sialic acid (SA) residues.
• SA sialic acid
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 10 to 60 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 15 to 60 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 10 to 40 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 15 to 30 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 15 to 25 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 20 to 40 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 20 to 30 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 30 to 40 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises at least 15 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises at least 20 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises at least 25 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises at least 30 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises at least 35 molecules of SA.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g., comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprises at least 40 molecules of SA.
• compositions Comprising CD80 Extracellular Domain Fc Fusion Proteins
• compositions comprising CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins, e.g. having the desired degree of purity in a physiologically acceptable carrier, excipient, or stabilizer
• a physiologically acceptable carrier excipient, or stabilizer
• Acceptable carriers, excipients, or stabilizers are nontoxic to recipients at the dosages and concentrations employed.
• Gennaro Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy with Facts and Comparisons: Drugfacts Plus, 20th ed.
• compositions to be used for in vivo administration can be sterile. This is readily accomplished by filtration through, e.g., sterile filtration membranes.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) is formulated for intravenous administration.
• a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) is formulated for intravenous administration.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises 70 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5). In certain aspects, a pharmaceutical composition comprises 42 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5). In certain aspects, a pharmaceutical composition comprises 21 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5). In certain aspects, a pharmaceutical composition comprises 7 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises 2.1 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5). In certain aspects, a pharmaceutical composition comprises 0.7 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5). In certain aspects, a pharmaceutical composition comprises 0.21 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises 0.07 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5).
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises 0.07 to 70 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5). In certain aspects, a pharmaceutical composition comprises 7 to 70 mg of a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5).
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 10 to 60 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 15 to 60 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 10 to 40 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgG
• composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 15 to 30 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 15 to 25 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 20 to 40 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• SA e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 20 to 30 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• SA e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 30 to 40 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• SA e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5
• composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising at least 15 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising at least 20 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising at least 25 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising at least 30 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprises CD80 ECD Fc fusion proteins (e.g. comprising a human CD80 ECD and a human IgGl Fc domain, or comprising SEQ ID NO:5) comprising at least 40 moles of SA per mole CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein.
• a PD-L1 negative tumor e.g., in a human
• methods for treating a PD-L1 negative tumor comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof.
• the CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein can comprise the extracellular domain of human CD80 and the Fc domain of human IgGl.
• the CD80 ECD Fc fusion protein comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO:5.
• a tumor can be identified as a PD-L1 negative tumor by subjecting a tumor sample to Western blot, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), or immunohistochemistry (IHC) using such an agent.
• FACS fluorescence-activated cell sorting
• IHC immunohistochemistry
• IHC can be used to quantitate the amount of PD-L1 in a tumor sample, using for example, a tumor proportion score (TPS).
• TPS tumor proportion score
• a TPS (%) is equal to [Number of PD-L1 -stained tumor cells/ total number of viable tumor cells] x 100.
• a PD-L1 negative tumor can be a tumor with a TPS score of less than 5%.
• a PD-L1 negative tumor can be a tumor with a TPS score of less than 1%.
• a tumor can be identified as a PD-L1 negative tumor by subjecting a tumor sample to quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)- polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RNA-Seq, or microarray.
• RT quantitative reverse transcriptase
• PCR polymerase chain reaction
• RNA-Seq microarray
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 70 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 42 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 21 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 7 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 2.1 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 2.1 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 0.21 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 0.07 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a CD80 ECD fusion protein e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient 70 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient 42 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient 21 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient 7 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient 2.1 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient 0.7 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient 0.21 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering 0.21 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises
• a CD80 ECD fusion protein e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5
• administering to the patient 0.07 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 0.07 mg to about 70 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a method of treating a PD-L1 negative tumor in a patient comprises administering to the patient about 7 mg to about 70 mg of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) e.g., once every three weeks.
• a of a CD80 ECD fusion protein (e.g., comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5) can be administered intravenously.
• the PD-L1 negative tumor can be, for example a solid tumor, including e.g., an advanced or metastatic solid tumor.
• the PD-L1 negative tumor is not a primary central nervous system tumor.
• the PD-L1 negative tumor is a renal cell carcinoma.
• the PD-L1 negative tumor is a melanoma.
• the PD-L1 negative tumor is a colorectal cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder cancer, or endometrial cancer.
• the patient to be treated according to the methods provided herein may have received prior therapy with at least one PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist selected from a PD-1 antagonist and a PD-L1 antagonist.
• the PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist can be, for example, nivolumab,
• the PD-1/ PDL-1 antagonist may have been administered in an advanced or metastatic setting.
• the tumor is non-responsive to such treatment or recurrent during or after such treatment.
• the patient to be treated according to the methods provided herein has not received prior therapy with a PD-1 /PDL-1 antagonist.
• the patient to be treated according to the methods provided herein may have received prior therapy with an anti-angiogenic agent.
• the anti-angiogenic agent can be, for example, sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, tivozanib, ramucirumab, or bevacizumab.
• the anti- angiogenic agent may have been administered in an advanced or metastatic setting.
• the patient to be treated according to the methods provided herein may have a BRAF mutation.
• the patient may have received prior therapy with a BRAF inhibitor.
• the BRAF inhibitor can be, for example, vemurafenib and dabrafenib.
• the BRAF inhibitor may have been administered in an advanced or metastatic setting.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be recurrent or progressive after a therapy selected from surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and a combination thereof.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be resistant or non-responsive to a PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist, such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab,
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be resistant or non-responsive to an anti-angiogenic agent, such as sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, tivozanib, ramucirumab, or bevacizumab.
• an anti-angiogenic agent such as sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, tivozanib, ramucirumab, or bevacizumab.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be resistant or non- responsive to a BRAF inhibitor, such as vemurafenib or dabrafenib.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be refractory to a PD-l/PD-Ll antagonist, such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, or avelumab.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be refractory to an anti -angiogenic agent, such as sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, tivozanib, ramucirumab, or bevacizumab.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be refractory to a BRAF inhibitor, such as vemurafenib or dabrafenib.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be recurrent after treatment with a PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist, such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, or avelumab.
• a PD-1/PD-L1 antagonist such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, or avelumab.
• the tumor to be treated according to the methods provided herein can be recurrent after treatment with an anti-angiogenic agent, such as sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, tivozanib, ramucirumab, or bevacizumab.
• a BRAF inhibitor such as vemurafenib or dabrafenib.
• Mouse splenocytes were prepared from adult BALB/c and C56B1/6 mice by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The splenocytes (2-4 x 10 6 cells/mL) were pelleted by centrifugation and the media discarded. The mCD80-Fc was added at various times.
• FIG. 1 A shows an example of the gating strategy used in this example.
• FIG. IB demonstrates that mCD80-Fc bound, in a concentration-dependent manner, primarily to CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in both types of splenocytes.
• mCD80- Fc did bind a greater proportion of T cells from BALB/c-derived splenocytes than C57B1/6- derived splenocytes.
• mCD80-Fc binding to macrophages in both types of splenocytes.
• mCD80-Fc was shown to bind to CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and macrophages, but does not bind to CD1 lb+ or CD1 lb- dendritic cells.
• PD-L1 was detected on all immune cells tested, with the highest expression on macrophages. There were no changes in the amount of free PD-L1, even with increasing concentrations of mCD80-Fc, demonstrating that there is no interaction between mCD80-Fc and PD-L1 (FIG. IB).
• CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are the only immune cells evaluated that displayed CD28 expression.
• mCD80-Fc there was a significant decrease in the amount of free CD28, demonstrating that mCD80-Fc binds to CD28 (FIG. IB).
• CTLA-4 was not detected on any immune cell types evaluated.
• mCD80-Fc primarily binds CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells from BALB/c and C57B1/6 splenocytes via CD28 engagement, and not PD-L1 engagement.
• CHO Chinese Hamster Ovary
• CHO cells were evaluated for hCD80-Fc engagement of human CD80 ligands.
• CHO cells were engineered to express human CTLA-4, PD-L1, CD28, or all three CD80 ligands (i.e., CHO-CTLA4/PD-L1/CD28; "CHO-3").
• the protocol for determining hCD80-Fc engagement to ligands is the same as was performed in Example 1.
• FIG. 2A shows CD80 ligand expression in all CHO cell lines by flow cytometry. Representative staggered histograms are shown and Antibody Binding Capacity (ABC) values to determine the number of Ab binding sites per cell are enumerated in bar graphs to the right.
• FIG. 2B shows hCD80-Fc bound CHO-CTLA4, CHO-CD28, and CHO-3 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with hCD80-Fc binding to CD80 ligands at as low as 0.5 pg/mL. Moreover, the binding of hCD80-Fc to the CD80 ligands caused a decrease in free CTLA-4 and CD28 in the respective cell lines (FIG. 2B). However, hCD80-Fc did not bind to CHO-PD-L1 or parental CHO cells, which demonstrates that hCD80-Fc does not engage PD- Ll.
• FIG. 3A demonstrates an example FACS gating strategy for this study.
• FIG. 3B shows that hCD80-Fc bound, in a concentration-dependent manner, to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with significant detection of bound drug at concentrations as low as 100 pg/mL.
• the binding of hCD80-Fc revealed a decrease in free CD28 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but no changes were detected in PD-L1 levels on T cells or monocytes.
• CTLA-4 was not detected on any immune cell type evaluated.
• Example 3 mCD80-Fc Inhibits Growth of Tumors That Do Not Express PD-L1 in a CT26 Syngeneic Mouse Model
• CT26 PD-L1 knock-out tumor cells were used in an in vivo syngeneic mouse model. Unlike xenograft models, syngeneic mouse models possess a functional immune system and therefore are useful in evaluating cancer immunotherapies, which function by harnessing the endogenous immune response.
• CT26 is a murine colorectal carcinoma derived from BALB/c mice that expresses high levels of PD-L1.
• CT26 PD-L1 KO a genetically-engineered CT26 tumor that does not express PD-L1
• Immuno-competent BALB/c mice were inoculated with CT26 PD-L1 KO tumor cells. The mice were placed into three groups for treatment with the following: (1) Mouse IgG2a (control); (2) mCD80-Fc; or (3) untreated control. The mice were treated with 0.3 mg/kg mouse IgG2a (group 1) or 0.3 mg/kg mCD80- Fc (group 2) on days 4, 7, and 11 (days post-inoculation) by intravenous injection. See Table 1. The average tumor size when treatment began was 90 mm 3 . The study concluded on day

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Cell Biology (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
• Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)

Priority Applications (10)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=70057229

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (5)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (71)

• 2020
  • 2020-02-21 US US17/432,640 patent/US12589132B2/en active Active
  • 2020-02-21 KR KR1020217023055A patent/KR20210130706A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2020-02-21 TW TW109105614A patent/TW202045544A/zh unknown
  • 2020-02-21 SG SG11202107966TA patent/SG11202107966TA/en unknown
  • 2020-02-21 WO PCT/US2020/019135 patent/WO2020172482A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2020-02-21 EP EP20715521.9A patent/EP3927365B1/en active Active
  • 2020-02-21 MX MX2021010061A patent/MX2021010061A/es unknown
  • 2020-02-21 AU AU2020224137A patent/AU2020224137B2/en active Active
  • 2020-02-21 JP JP2021549275A patent/JP7544728B2/ja active Active
  • 2020-02-21 ES ES20715521T patent/ES2989890T3/es active Active
• 2024
  • 2024-05-13 JP JP2024077877A patent/JP2024097962A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (11)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events