WO2020164194A1 - 一种室内栽培植物的光源 - Google Patents

一种室内栽培植物的光源 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020164194A1
WO2020164194A1 PCT/CN2019/085972 CN2019085972W WO2020164194A1 WO 2020164194 A1 WO2020164194 A1 WO 2020164194A1 CN 2019085972 W CN2019085972 W CN 2019085972W WO 2020164194 A1 WO2020164194 A1 WO 2020164194A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light source
light
plant
photons
plant growth
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/085972
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马健
李阳
陈艺群
李绍华
王婷婷
杨玉凯
刘国杰
Original Assignee
福建省中科生物股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 filed Critical 福建省中科生物股份有限公司
Priority to JP2021539885A priority Critical patent/JP2022516767A/ja
Priority to FIEP19915217.4T priority patent/FI3881671T3/fi
Priority to CA3125499A priority patent/CA3125499C/en
Priority to US17/420,689 priority patent/US11596108B2/en
Priority to KR1020217020565A priority patent/KR20210105920A/ko
Priority to EP19915217.4A priority patent/EP3881671B1/en
Publication of WO2020164194A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020164194A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A01G22/22—Rice
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/02—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters for simulating daylight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of artificial light cultivated plants, in particular to a light source for fully artificial light cultivated plants.
  • Light is the basic environmental factor for plant growth and development. It is not only the basic energy source for photosynthesis, but also an important regulator of plant growth and development. It plays an important role in its morphogenesis, reproductive development, and regulation of secondary metabolites. Plant growth and development are affected by light quality, light intensity, light cycle, The effect of lighting. Traditional cognition: All things grow on the sun. On the earth, the sun is the main source of visible (ie light) and invisible electromagnetic radiation, and it is the main factor that sustains life. The net daily average solar energy reaching the earth is about 28 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 23J (that is, 265EBtu). This value is 5500 times the world's annual energy consumption of 479Pbtu estimated in 2007.
  • the spectral distribution of solar radiation that can be measured on the surface of the earth has a wide band range between about 300 nm and 1000 nm. But only 50% of the radiation reaching the surface is photosynthetic effective radiation (PAR), that is, radiant energy between 400-700nm. Plants absorb and transform light energy mainly through the photosynthetic system, and their photoreceptors are active elements mainly present on the leaves of plants, which are responsible for photon capture and for converting photon energy into chemical energy.
  • PAR photosynthetic effective radiation
  • incandescent is characterized by a large amount of far-infrared radiation, which can reach about 60% of the total PAR, but is defined by the conversion efficiency between the electrical energy (input) and the emitted light energy (output) in the visible spectrum. The electrical efficiency is still very low, usually about 10%.
  • the life of incandescent lamps is not more than 1000 hours, which is short, which limits its application in plant growth.
  • the conversion efficiency of electro-optical energy is improved, and the power is usually less than 40W.
  • the electrical conversion efficiency of international brand T8 or T5 fluorescent lamps is close to 30%, and the general product is between 20-30%. More than 90% of the emitted photons are in the PAR range.
  • the blue energy depends on the correlated color temperature (CCT) of the lamp. It reaches more than 10% of the total photon emission in the PAR range. Therefore, for plant species with weak light demand or in close-range application scenarios, fluorescent lamps are widely used in enclosed growth rooms and artificial climate boxes to completely replace sunlight.
  • High pressure sodium lamp is a gas discharge lamp, the power is generally 400-1000W, the electric conversion efficiency is 30-35%, and about 70% of the emitted photons are in the PAR range. It is often used for high-light plants or crop production in greenhouses throughout the year. The light source is preferred. However, no matter the fluorescent lamp or the high-pressure sodium lamp, due to the limitations of its spectral design, the achievable spectral energy distribution is limited. The spectral quality is not optimal for promoting photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis, which leads to excessive growth of leaves and stems. .
  • LEDs have high luminous efficiency, long life, narrow spectrum, and strong spectral selectivity.
  • SSL solid-state lighting
  • artificial light-cultivated plants mainly include leafy vegetables, solanaceous vegetables, medicinal plants, hemp plants, floral plants, model plants, large economic crops, high-value shrubs, etc.
  • the prior art discloses different growth stages of different plants Spectral energy distribution characteristics, such as peak wavelength, R/B, R/FR, and even specific energy distribution data for specific growth stages of specific plants, but it does not propose a spectrum that can meet the common healthy growth of multiple plants.
  • the first objective of the present invention is to propose a light source that can satisfy the healthy growth of various plants under artificial light, and its healthy growth includes the complete process of its entire growth and development;
  • the second objective of the present invention is that the proposed spectrum satisfies high-efficiency photosynthesis, and has obvious functions of increasing production and improving quality compared with traditional fluorescent lamps or HPS;
  • the third objective of the present invention is that the proposed spectrum has been optimized through a large number of scientific research experiments to increase the spectrum energy that is beneficial to plant photosynthesis, morphogenesis, reproductive development, etc., and reduce the spectrum energy that has low plant utilization and has less impact on plants;
  • the fourth objective of the present invention is that the proposed spectrum can be realized by LED technology, and the lighting equipment that realizes the spectrum has higher electro-optical conversion efficiency and more energy saving.
  • the present invention provides a spectrum of fully artificial light cultivated plants, which provides a fully artificial light source for plant growth.
  • the light source includes light waves with a wavelength of 620-760 nm, and the number of photons of the light waves at 620-760 nm accounts for the entire
  • the photon ratio of the light source is 64-76%.
  • the above-mentioned plants are cultivated indoors. It can be grown in a greenhouse.
  • the number of photons in the wavelength range of 700-760 nm in the light source accounts for 3-38% of the number of photons in the wavelength range of 620-760 nm.
  • the peak wavelength of the light wave with a wavelength of 620-760 nm is preferably 650-700 nm or 730-740 nm.
  • the peak wavelength of the light wave in the wavelength range of 620-760 nm is preferably one or a combination of two or three of 650 nm, 660 nm, 680 nm, 695 nm, and 735 nm.
  • the light wave with a wavelength band of 620-760 nm is realized by an LED light source.
  • the half-height width of the light wave corresponding to the peak wavelength in the range of 650-700 nm or 730-740 nm is less than 35 nm.
  • the light source further includes light waves in the wavelength range of 400-499 nm, and the ratio of the total number of photons in the wavelength range of 620-760 nm to the total number of photons in the wavelength range of 400-499 nm is 4-7:1.
  • the peak wavelength of the light wave in the wavelength range of 400-499 nm is preferably 430-460 nm.
  • the peak wavelength of the light wave in the wavelength range of 400-499 nm is preferably one of 435 nm, 440 nm, 450 nm, and 460 nm, or a combination of any two or three of them.
  • the half-width of the light wave corresponding to the peak wavelength in the range of 430-460nm is less than 35nm.
  • the light source further includes light waves in the wavelength range of 500-599 nm, and the ratio of the total number of photons in the wavelength range of 620-760 nm to the total number of photons in the wavelength range of 500-599 nm is 3-8:1.
  • the plant is selected from at least one of tomato, cucumber, sweet pepper, lettuce, rice, wheat, cotton, and corn.
  • the method specifically includes: seeding and growth management.
  • the seeding adopts existing technology.
  • the growth management refers to necessary management of plants after germination, such as fertilization, watering, setting of light sources, and environmental conditions.
  • the plant may be medicinal materials or hemp plants.
  • Tomato (scientific name: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant of the Tubular order, Solanaceae, and Tomato genus.
  • Cucumber (scientific name: Cucumis sativus L.) An annual trailing or climbing herb of the Cucurbitaceae family.
  • Sweet pepper Cayenne pepper (scientific name: Capsicum annuum var.grossum) commonly known as bell pepper, bell pepper, sweet pepper, also known as Datongzi in Taiwanese, is a variety of pepper of the genus Solanaceae, distributed throughout the north and south of mainland China. "Non-artificial introduction and cultivation” type plants.
  • Lettuce (scientific name: Lactuca sativa Linn.) is a member of the Asteraceae family. Lettuce is an annual or biennial herb.
  • Rice is a kind of herbaceous rice. It belongs to cereals. It is also the most important and longest food in the rice genus, which is different from dry rice.
  • Wheat is the general name of the wheat plant. It is a monocotyledonous plant. It is a gramineous plant widely cultivated all over the world.
  • the caryopsis of wheat is one of the staple foods of centuries. After being ground into flour, it can be used to make bread, steamed bread and biscuits. , Noodles and other foods; after fermentation, it can be made into beer, alcohol, liquor (such as vodka), or biomass fuel.
  • Cotton Cotton is the seed fiber of Gossypium plants in the Malvaceae family (Malvaceae), and is native to the subtropical zone.
  • Maize (Latin scientific name: Zea mays L.) is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Zea in the family Gramineae.
  • the method further includes growth environmental conditions: the environmental temperature is 21-24°C during the day, 18-20°C at night, and the humidity is 60-80%.
  • the cultivation substrate of the plant can be soil or nutrient solution.
  • the seedlings When using nutrient solution cultivation, the seedlings can be planted on the hydroponic module, keeping 2/3 of the root system soaked in the nutrient solution, and different nutrient solutions are used according to different plants.
  • the lettuce nutrient solution uses Hoagland Nutrient solution.
  • the EC of the nutrient solution is 1.6-1.8, the pH is 5.5-7.5, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 18-22°C, and the amount of dissolved oxygen is 5-6mg/L.
  • the method further includes seeding and germination.
  • the method of sowing and accelerating the germination of lettuce is: select full-grained lettuce seeds, soak them in warm water at 50-55°C for 15-20 minutes, and then soak them in clear water at 25-30°C for 7-8 hours. Sow the soaked seeds into the seedling sponge block, each hole has 1 seed, and there is a tray with pure water underneath. The height of the pure water is indicated as flush under the sponge. After sowing, the seeds are sprayed with water mist to keep them The surface humidity is then placed in a germination box at 22-25°C for germination, and the humidity is maintained at 70-80%. Spray water on the seeds every 12h.
  • the light source ratio and light source combination mode used in the present invention can greatly increase the yield of plants compared with traditional light sources such as existing fluorescent lamps and HPS.
  • the light source matching scheme of the present invention is more accurate in the selected light source band, less affected by other plant growth parameters, and more targeted and stable in the process of promoting plant growth.
  • the precise combination and ratio of the wavelength, peak wavelength and photon ratio of the light wave can more accurately control the plant growth effect, thereby promoting plant growth.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 4.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 5.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 6.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 7.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 8.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 9.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 10.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 11.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 12.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 13.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 14.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 15.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 16.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 17.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 18.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 19.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 20.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 21.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 22.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 23.
  • Leafy vegetables choose the full-grained green butterfly lettuce seeds, soak them in warm water at 50°C for 10 minutes, and then soak them in clean water at 30°C for 8 hours. Sow the soaked seeds into the seedling sponge block, 1 seed per hole, and add pure water to the tray below. The height of the pure water level is flush with the sponge bottom surface. After sowing, use a watering can to spray the seeds to maintain The surface humidity is then placed in a germination box at 25°C for germination, and the humidity is maintained at 80%. Spray water on the seeds every 12h. When the lettuce seedlings grow to 4 to 5 leaves and one heart, plant the lettuce seedlings on the hydroponic module, and keep 2/3 of the roots soaked in the nutrient solution.
  • the EC of the nutrient solution It is 1.8, pH is 6.0-7.0, nutrient solution temperature is 22°C, and dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L.
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 23°C during the day and 18°C at night.
  • the light source is a fluorescent lamp as the control CK, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 250 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 9 hours, and the planting is 20 days.
  • the lettuce was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as the respective examples and control examples.
  • the fresh weights of individual plants obtained in the respective examples and control examples were weighed to obtain the average weight, and the quality was evaluated.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 2:
  • the test data shows that the output of the light source scheme in the embodiment is at least 18.8% higher than that of the traditional fluorescent lamp, and the quality is good;
  • Root vegetables Choose the full-grained Estel cherry radish seeds, sow the seeds into the seedling sponge block, one seed per hole, there is a tray with pure water underneath, and the height of the pure water level is flush with the bottom surface of the sponge. After sowing, use a watering can to spray water mist on the seeds to maintain the surface humidity, and then place them in a 25°C germination box for germinating, and the humidity to maintain 80%. After the white is exposed, move to the LED light for seedling treatment. When the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart, plant the cherry radish seedlings on the hydroponic module, and keep 2/3 of the root system soaked in the nutrient solution.
  • the EC of the nutrient solution It is 1.8, pH is 6.0-7.0, nutrient solution temperature is 22°C, and dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L.
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 23°C during the day and 18°C at night.
  • Fluorescent lamp was used as the control CK as the light source, and two reference and example spectra were set.
  • the light intensity was 250 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod was 12 hours, and the planting was 18 days.
  • the cherry radish was cultivated according to the above cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and the control example, and the single fresh weight of the cherry radish was obtained in each embodiment and the control example.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 3:
  • the test data shows that the output of the light source solution in the embodiment is at least 36.8% higher than that of the traditional fluorescent lamp;
  • the light source is HPS as a control, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 750 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 12 hours, and the planting is 100 days.
  • Cannabis was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and control example, and the total THC content of the hemp obtained in each embodiment and control example. The experimental results are shown in Table 4
  • the test data shows that the total content of THC in the light source of the embodiment is at least 22.7% higher than that of the traditional high pressure sodium lamp;
  • Cucumber Planting management: Choose 83-16 fruit cucumber seeds with full grains, soak them in warm water at 55°C for 10 minutes, and then soak them in clear water at 30°C for 8 hours. Wrap it with gauze and place it in a 30°C thermostat for accelerating germination. After the seeds are white, sown the seeds into the seedling sponge block. Each hole has 1 seed. There is a tray with pure water underneath. The water level is as high as the lower surface of the sponge. After sowing, use a watering can to spray water mist on the seeds to keep the surface humidity, and then place them in a conventional nursery lamp for light treatment.
  • the EC of the nutrient solution is 2.2
  • the pH is 6.0-7.0
  • the temperature of the nutrient solution is 22°C
  • the amount of dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L.
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 28°C during the day and 18°C at night.
  • the light source is HPS as a control, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 400 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 12 hours, and the planting is 50 days.
  • Cucumbers were cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and control example, and the yield per unit area of cucumber obtained in each example and control example was obtained.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 5:
  • the test data shows that the cucumber output of the light source scheme in the embodiment is at least 22.6% higher than that of the traditional high pressure sodium lamp;
  • Sweet pepper planting management: select the full-grained Jinhuaxing sweet pepper seeds, soak them in warm water at 55°C for 10 minutes, and then soak them in clear water at 30°C for 8 hours. Wrap it with gauze and place it in a 30°C thermostat for accelerating germination. After the seeds are white, sown the seeds into the seedling sponge block. Each hole has 1 seed. There is a tray with pure water underneath. The water level is as high as the lower surface of the sponge. After sowing, use a watering can to spray water mist on the seeds to keep the surface humidity, and then place them in a conventional nursery lamp for light treatment.
  • the cucumber seedlings grow to 6-7 leaves and 1 heart, plant the sweet pepper seedlings on the hydroponic module at a planting density of 8 plants/m2, and keep 2/3 of the root system soaked in the nutrient solution.
  • the EC of the nutrient solution is 2.2, pH 6.0-7.0, nutrient solution temperature 22°C, dissolved oxygen content 6mg/L.
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 26°C during the day and 18°C at night.
  • the light source is a fluorescent lamp as a control, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 400 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 12h, and the planting is 120d.
  • the sweet peppers were cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and the control example, and the yield per unit area of the sweet pepper obtained in each embodiment and the control example was obtained.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 6:
  • the test data shows that the output of sweet pepper in the light source scheme of the embodiment is at least 18.1% higher than that of the traditional fluorescent lamp;
  • the light source is HPS as a control, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 500 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 12 hours, and the planting is 100 days.
  • the wheat was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and control example, and the 100-grain weight of the wheat obtained in each example and control example was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 7:
  • the test data shows that: the weight of 100 grains of wheat in the light source scheme of the embodiment is at least 34.6% higher than that of the traditional high pressure sodium lamp;
  • Corn Planting management: Corn seeds are wrapped in gauze, soaked in clean water, the germination temperature is 30°C ⁇ 35°C, and the clean water is replaced once a day during the period.
  • Peat soil: Vermiculite 2:1 mixed, packed in a 32-hole seedling tray, after the seeds are white, 1 seed per hole, sowing depth of about 2cm, cover with soil, soak the cultivated soil with water, cover with plastic wrap, remove the plastic wrap after germination .
  • vermiculite 2V:1V. Due to the use of potted plants, it prevents excessive moisture and rotten roots.
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 25°C during the day and 18°C at night.
  • the light source is HPS as a control, and 2 control examples and 2 example spectra are set, the light intensity is 500 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 12 h, and the planting is 100 days.
  • the corn was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and control example, and the yield of corn obtained in each embodiment and control example was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 8:
  • the test data shows that the weight of corn per hundred kernels in the light source scheme of the embodiment is at least 11.5% higher than that of the traditional high pressure sodium lamp;
  • Rice The rice seeds are wrapped in gauze, soaked in clean water, and the temperature is 35°C to accelerate germination. During this period, the clean water is changed once a day.
  • the photoperiod of the seedlings is 12h/d, the light intensity is 250 ⁇ 300 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the company’s self-made nutrient solution 200 times solution, or 800 ⁇ 1000 times solution compound fertilizer, fertilization every 10d, the environment day and night temperature 25/21°C,
  • the rice seedlings were transplanted into cultivation pots after 45 days of emergence, and then placed under a rice cultivation lamp for cultivation. Fertilizers were applied every 20-25 days, of which 1000 times liquid nitrogen fertilizer was supplemented twice at the tillering stage, and fertilized every 10 days at the flowering and filling stage. Fertilization is not applied during the color-changing maturity period, and the environmental day and night temperature is 25 ⁇ 28°C/21°C.
  • the light source is HPS as a control, and 2 control examples and 2 example spectra are set, the light intensity is 450 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 12h, and the planting is 100d.
  • the rice was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and control example, and the thousand-grain weight and seed setting rate of rice obtained in each embodiment and control example were measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 9.
  • the test data shows that the 1000-grain weight of rice in the light source scheme of the embodiment is at least 11.1 higher than that of the traditional high pressure sodium lamp, and the seed setting rate is increased by at least 4.2%;
  • Anoectochilus Take out the Anoectochilus seedlings from the tissue culture bottle, rinse the substrate with clean water, make sure the stems and roots are intact during the washing process, and put in 0.1% potassium permanganate after washing. Soak in the solution for 5 minutes, disinfect and sterilize, and place the sterilized seedlings in a sterile basin for later use.
  • the light source is a fluorescent lamp as a control, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 60 ⁇ 5 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 14h/d, and the planting is 120d.
  • the Anoectochilus is cultivated, and the light source parameters are used as each embodiment and the control example, and the fresh weight and dry weight of the Anoectochilus obtained in each embodiment and the control example are measured.
  • Table 10 The experimental results are shown in Table 10:
  • the test data shows that the fresh weight and dry weight of the golden thread lotus of the embodiment of the light source scheme are at least 30.6% and 25.2% higher than that of the traditional fluorescent lamp;
  • Dendrobium Take the Dendrobium seedlings out of the tissue culture bottle, rinse the substrate with clean water, ensure the stems and roots are intact during the washing process, and put in chlorothalonil with a concentration of 1000 times for disinfection after washing. Sterilize, place the sterilized seedlings in a sterile basin for later use. After the aerial roots of the tissue cultured seedlings of Dendrobium officinale were whitened, they were planted in a large pine bark substrate, and the substrate was soaked in water for 1 day in advance. Dendrobium seedlings are planted separately with a certain inter-plant gap of 3cm, and then the cultivation pots are moved to artificial light environment for cultivation.
  • the specific nutrient solution keeps the substrate humidity 70%, and the cultivation temperature day and night temperature is 28/21°C.
  • the light source is a fluorescent lamp as a control, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 60 ⁇ 5 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 16h/d, and the planting is 120d.
  • the Dendrobium was cultivated according to the above cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and control example, and the fresh weight and dry weight of Dendrobium obtained in each embodiment and control example were measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 11:
  • the test data shows that the fresh weight and dry weight of Dendrobium in the light source scheme of the embodiment are at least 11.7% and 11.1% higher than that of the traditional fluorescent lamp;
  • Pansy cultivation Choose pansy seeds with full grains, soak them in clean water for 4 hours, sow the seeds into a soaked seedling sponge block, 1 seed per hole, there is a tray below and pure water, the water level of pure water is high It is flush with the lower surface of the sponge. After sowing, it is placed in a 24°C germination box for germination. The humidity is maintained at 70%. The seeds are sprayed with water mist every 24 hours. When the pansy seedlings grow to 4 to 5 leaves and 1 heart, plant the pansy seedlings on the hydroponic module and keep 2/3 of the root system soaked in the nutrient solution.
  • the EC of the nutrient solution is 1.6 and the pH is 6.0, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20°C, and the amount of dissolved oxygen is 5mg/L.
  • the ambient temperature conditions are 23°C during the day and 18°C at night.
  • the light source is a fluorescent lamp as a control, and two control examples and two example spectra are set, the light intensity is 300 ⁇ mol/m 2 ⁇ s, the photoperiod is 12 hours, and the planting is 25 days.
  • the pansy was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each embodiment and the control example, and the number of flowers of the pansy obtained in each embodiment and the control example was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 12:
  • the test data shows that the blooming amount of the pansy in the light source scheme of the embodiment is at least 18.1% higher than that of the traditional fluorescent lamp.

Abstract

本发明涉及人工光栽培植物技术领域，具体提供了一种全人工光栽培植物的光环境方法，为植物生长提供全人工光源，所述光源包括波段为620-760nm的光波，所述620-760nm的光波光子数占整个光源光子数的比例为64-76％。本发明所采用的光源配比及光源组合方式，与传统的光源例如现有荧光灯、高压钠灯相比，能够大大提高植物的产量。本发明光源配比方案相对传统的LED灯光源配比方案，选取的光源波段更为精准，受其他植物生长参数影响小，在促进植物生长过程中更具有针对性，采用精准的光波的波段、峰值波长以及光量子占比的精准组合及配比，能够更加精准的对植物生长效果进行把控，从而促进植物生长。

Description

一种室内栽培植物的光源 技术领域
本发明涉及人工光栽培植物技术领域，具体涉及一种全人工光栽培植物光源。
背景技术
光是植物生长发育的基本环境因素。它不仅是光合作用的基本能源，而且是植物生长发育的重要调节因子，对其形态建成、生殖发育、次级代谢物质调控有重要的作用，植物的生长发育受光质、光照强度、光照周期、光照方式的影响。传统的认知：万物生长靠太阳，在地球上，太阳是主要的可见(即光)和不可见电磁辐射源，并是维持生命存在的主要因素。到达地球的净日平均太阳能约为28×10^23J(即265EBtu)。该值是2007年估算的世界全年一次能量消耗479Pbtu的5500倍。对于地球表面可测量到的太阳辐射的光谱分布具有约300nm和1000nm之间的宽波带范围。但是到达地表的辐射中仅50％是光合成有效辐射(PAR)，即400-700nm之间的辐射能。植物吸收转化光能主要通过光合系统完成，其感光体是主要存在于植物的叶子上的活性元素，其负责光子捕获以及用于将光子能量转换为化学能。
人造光源时代开始于托马斯·爱迪生在1879年研制出的爱迪生灯泡，即白炽灯。所以人造光源在植物照明领域的应用首先由白炽灯开启，主要经历了荧光灯、高压钠灯(HPS)，一直到现在的LED灯。白炽的特征在于大量的远红外辐射，其可达到总PAR的约60％，但由可见光谱范围内消耗的电能(输入)和发射的光能(输出)之间的转换效率定义的白炽灯的电效率仍然很低，通常约为10％，白炽灯寿命不大于1000小时，寿命短，导致其在植物生长中应用受限；荧光灯较之白炽灯，电光能量转换效率有提升，功率通常小于40W,国际品牌T8或T5荧光灯电转光效率接近30％，一般产品在20-30％之间，其中大于90％的发射光子在PAR范围内，其中蓝光能量取决于灯的相关色温(CCT)，可达到在PAR范围内总光子发射的10％以上，所以对于光需较弱的植物品种或近距离应用场景中，荧光灯广泛用于封闭的生长室和人工气候箱以完全取代太阳光。高压钠灯(HPS)属于气体放电灯、功率一般在400-1000W,电转光效率30-35％，其中约70％的发射光子在PAR范围内，常用于高光需植物或温室中整年农作物生产的优选光源。但是无论荧光灯还是高压钠灯由 于其光谱设计的局限性，可实现的光谱能量分布是有限的，光谱质量对于促进光合作用和光形态发生作用来说并不是最优的，因此导致叶子和茎的过度生长。这归因于与诸如叶绿素a、叶绿素b和β胡萝卜素的重要的光合色素的吸收峰相关的不平衡的光谱发射；此外，由于不同种类植物对光环境的需求不一样，会导致有效转化的能量效率极低而且极大的浪费能源，导致人工光室内栽培植物的运行成本加重。
因此，基于以上原因，发光二极管(LED)以及相关的固态照明(SSL)作为潜在可行且有前途的用于植物照明中的工具，LED具有高光效、长寿命、窄光谱、光谱选择性强等诸多优势，但是，新型商用高亮度LED产品，主要能量处于500nm至600nm的绿黄光波长范围，对人眼视觉具有高效响应，不能有效响应光合作用过程，根据技术原理，高效响应光合作用的光谱可利用组合诸如GaN、GaAs、GaP不同类型的半导体或光致发光材料实现。
目前人工光栽培植物主要包含叶菜类蔬菜、茄果类蔬菜、药用植物、麻类植物、花卉植物、模式植物、大宗经济作物、价值高的灌木等，现有技术公开不同植物不同生长阶段的光谱能量分布特征，如峰值波长、R/B、R/FR，甚至针对特定植物特定生长阶段有具体的能量分布数据，但并没有提出能够满足以上多种植物共同健康生长的光谱。
本发明的第一目的是提出一种能够满足多种植物在全人工光健康生长的光源，其健康生长包含其整个生长发育的完整过程；
本发明的第二目的是提出的光谱满足高效光合作用的进行，对比传统荧光灯或HPS具有明显的提产和改善品质的功能；
本发明的第三目的是提出的光谱经过大量科研试验优化，提高了对植物光合作用、形态建成、生殖发育等有利的光谱能量，降低了植物利用率低，对植物影响较少的光谱能量；
本发明的第四个目的是提出的光谱可采用LED技术实现，同时实现该光谱的照明设备电光转化效率更高，更节能。
发明内容
为实现上述目的，需要提供一种更为精准，调整参数种类更少，而能够避免过多种类参数调整而导致植物生长过程中需要更为频繁的参数控制，并且精准的单一种类参数的控制，能够更加精准的对植物生长效果进行把控，从而促进植物生长。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种全人工光栽培植物的光谱，为植物生长提供全人工光源，所述光源包括波段为620-760nm的光波，所述620-760nm的光波光子数占整个光源光子数的比例为64-76％。
一般地，上述植物在室内培养。可以采用大棚种植的模式。
优选的，所述光源中波段为700-760nm的光子数在波段为620-760nm的光子数中占比3-38％。
优选的，所述波段为620-760nm的光波的峰值波长优选在650-700nm或730-740nm。
进一步优选的，所述波段为620-760nm的光波的峰值波长优选650nm、660nm、680nm、695nm、735nm其中一种或二种或三种进行组合。
优选的，波段为620-760nm的光波采用LED光源实现。
优选的，650-700nm或730-740nm范围内的峰值波长对应的光波半高宽小于35nm。
优选的，所述光源还包括波段为400-499nm的光波，波段620-760nm光子总数与所述波段400-499nm的光子总数之比为4～7：1。
优选的，所述波段为400-499nm的光波的峰值波长优选在430-460nm。
进一步优选的，所述波段为400-499nm光波的峰值波长优选435nm、440nm、450nm、460nm其中之一或其中任意二种或三种进行组合。
优选的，430-460nm范围内的峰值波长对应的光波半高宽小于35nm。
优选的，所述光源还包括波段为500-599nm的光波，波段为620-760nm光波的光子总数与波段为500-599nm光波的光子总数之比为3～8：1。
优选的，所述植物选自番茄、黄瓜、甜椒、莴苣、水稻、小麦、棉花、玉米中的至少一种。
优选地，所述方法具体包括：播种和生长管理。所述播种采用现有技术。所述生长管理是指对发芽后的植物进行必要的管理，例如施肥、浇水、设置光源以及环境条件。
优选地，所述植物可以为药材、麻类植物。
番茄：即西红柿(学名：Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)，是管状花目、茄科、番茄属的一种一年生或多年生草本植物。
黄瓜：黄瓜(学名：Cucumis sativus L.)葫芦科一年生蔓生或攀援草本植物。
甜椒：菜椒(学名：Capsicum annuum var.grossum)俗称灯笼椒、柿子椒、甜椒，台湾话也称作大筒仔，是茄科辣椒属辣椒的一个变种，分布于中国大陆的南北各地，属于“非人工引种栽培”类型植物。
莴苣：莴苣(学名：Lactuca sativa Linn.)是菊科，莴苣属一年生或二年生草本。
水稻：水稻是草本稻属的一种，属谷类，也是稻属中作为粮食的最主要最悠久的一种，区别于旱稻。
小麦：小麦是小麦系植物的统称，是单子叶植物，是一种在世界各地广泛种植的禾本科植物，小麦的颖果是人类的主食之一，磨成面粉后可制作面包、馒头、饼干、面条等食物；发酵后可制成啤酒、酒精、白酒(如伏特加)，或生质燃料。
棉花：棉花，是锦葵科(Malvaceae)棉属(Gossypium)植物的种籽纤维，原产于亚热带。
玉米：玉米(拉丁学名：Zea mays L.)是禾本科玉蜀黍属一年生草本植物。
优选地，所述方法还包括生长环境条件：环境温度为白天21～24℃，夜间18～20℃，湿度60～80％。
优选地，所述植物的栽培基质可以是土壤，也可以是营养液。
当采用营养液栽培时，可以将幼苗分栽到水培模组上，保持2/3的根系浸泡在营养液中，根据不同的植物采用不同的营养液，例如，生菜营养液采用霍格兰营养液。营养液的EC为1.6～1.8，pH为5.5～7.5，营养液温度为18～22℃，溶氧量为5～6mg/L。
优选地，所述方法还包括播种和催芽。例如生菜的播种和催芽的方法为：选着籽粒饱满的生菜种子，放到50～55℃温水中浸泡15～20min，后放到25～30℃清水中浸种7～8h。将浸种完的种子播到育苗海绵块里，每穴1粒种子，下面有托盘加纯水，纯水水位高度以海绵下表明齐平，播完后，并用喷壶对种子进行喷施水雾保持表面湿度，后放到22～25℃催芽箱中进行催芽，湿度保持70～80％。每隔12h对种子喷施一次水。
本发明通过采用上述技术方案，具有以下有益效果：
1.本发明所采用的光源配比及光源组合方式，与传统的光源例如现有荧光灯、HPS相 比，能够大大提高植物的产量。
2.本发明光源配比方案相对传统的LED灯光源配比方案，选取的光源波段更为精准，受其他植物生长参数影响小，在促进植物生长过程中更具有针对性和稳定性，采用精准的光波的波段、峰值波长以及光量子占比的精准组合及配比，能够更加精准的对植物生长效果进行把控，从而促进植物生长。
附图说明
图1为LED灯1的光波峰值示意图。
图2为LED灯2的光波峰值示意图。
图3为LED灯3的光波峰值示意图。
图4为LED灯4的光波峰值示意图。
图5为LED灯5的光波峰值示意图。
图6为LED灯6的光波峰值示意图。
图7为LED灯7的光波峰值示意图。
图8为LED灯8的光波峰值示意图。
图9为LED灯9的光波峰值示意图。
图10为LED灯10的光波峰值示意图。
图11为LED灯11的光波峰值示意图。
图12为LED灯12的光波峰值示意图。
图13为LED灯13的光波峰值示意图。
图14为LED灯14的光波峰值示意图。
图15为LED灯15的光波峰值示意图。
图16为LED灯16的光波峰值示意图。
图17为LED灯17的光波峰值示意图。
图18为LED灯18的光波峰值示意图。
图19为LED灯19的光波峰值示意图。
图20为LED灯20的光波峰值示意图。
图21为LED灯21的光波峰值示意图。
图22为LED灯22的光波峰值示意图。
图23为LED灯23的光波峰值示意图。
具体实施方式
为详细说明技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合具体实施例详予说明。
表1材料及厂家
材料 厂家 备注(货号)
绿蝶生菜 山东省寿光市宏伟种业有限公司  
小白菜 山东省寿光市宏伟种业有限公司  
樱桃萝卜 山东省寿光市宏伟种业有限公司  
大麻幼苗 福建省中科生物股份有限公司  
黄瓜种子 上海惠和种业有限公司 31201600076
玉米种子 山东省寿光市宏伟种业有限公司 郑单958
番茄种子 农友种苗中国有限公司 农友301
甜椒种子 农友种苗中国有限公司  
莴苣种子 山东省寿光市宏伟种业有限公司  
水稻种子 山东省寿光市宏伟种业有限公司  
小麦种子 山东省寿光市宏伟种业有限公司 农大212
三色堇种子 日本泷井公司  
金线莲瓶苗 厦门加晟生物科技有限公司  
米斛瓶苗 霍山县长冲中药材开发有限公司  
1.叶菜类蔬菜：选择籽粒饱满的绿蝶生菜种子，放到50℃温水中浸泡10min，后放到30℃清水中浸种8h。将浸种完的种子播到育苗海绵块里，每穴1粒种子，下面有托盘加纯水，纯水水位高度以海绵下表面齐平，播完后，并用喷壶对种子进行喷施水雾保持表面湿度，后放到25℃催芽箱中进行催芽，湿度保持80％。每隔12h对种子喷施一次水，当生菜幼苗长至4～5叶一心时，将生菜幼苗分栽到水培模组上，保持2/3的根系浸泡在营养液中，营养液的EC为1.8，pH为6.0-7.0，营养液温度为22℃，溶氧量为6mg/L。环境温度条件为白天23℃，夜间18℃。光源以荧光灯为对照CK，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为250μmol/m 2·s，光周期为9h，种植20d。按照上述栽培方法对生菜培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的单株鲜重称重，获得平均重量，并对品相做出评价。实验结果如表2所示：
表2
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000001
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案产量比传统荧光灯至少提产18.8％，且品相良好；
2.根菜类蔬菜：选择籽粒饱满的艾思特樱桃萝卜种子，将种子播到育苗海绵块里，每穴1粒种子，下面有托盘加纯水，纯水水位高度以海绵下表面齐平，播完后，并用喷壶对种子进行喷施水雾保持表面湿度，后放到25℃催芽箱中进行催芽，湿度保持80％。露白后移到LED灯下进行育苗处理，待幼苗长至2叶1心时，将樱桃萝卜幼苗分栽到水培模组上，保持2/3的根系浸泡在营养液中，营养液的EC为1.8，pH为6.0-7.0，营养液温度为22℃，溶氧量为6mg/L。环境温度条件为白天23℃，夜间18℃。光源以荧光灯为对照CK，设置2种对照例和实施例光谱，光强为250μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植18d。按照上述栽培方法对樱桃萝卜培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得樱桃萝卜单颗鲜重。实验结果如表3所示：
表3
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000003
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案产量比传统荧光灯至少提产36.8％；
3.大麻：种植管理：将生根情况良好的F品种扦插苗移栽至基质或岩棉中，每平米放置4-8株，采用人工光源，光强300μmol/m2s、光照时间为18h、T＝24-26℃和T＝RH70％；在植物约20cm高时打顶，触发侧枝生长，待侧枝继续生长2周后再打顶处理，得到更多的分枝；营养生长阶段结束后进行一周的促花处理，分辨雌雄花，去除雄花，将雌性植物继续培养。光源以HPS为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为750μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植100d。按照上述栽培方法对大麻培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的大麻THC总含量。实验结果如表4所示
表4
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000005
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案THC总含量比传统高压钠灯至少提高22.7％；
4.黄瓜：种植管理：选择籽粒饱满的83-16水果黄瓜种子，放到55℃温水中温汤浸种10min，后放到30℃清水中浸种8h。用纱布包裹着，放到30℃恒温箱中进行催芽，待种子露白后，将种子播到育苗海绵块中，每穴1粒种子，下面有托盘加纯水，纯水水位高度以海绵下表面齐平，播完后，并用喷壶对种子进行喷施水雾保持表面湿度，后放置于常规育苗灯进行光照处理。当黄瓜幼苗长至4～5叶1心时，将黄瓜幼苗分栽到水培模组上，定植密度8株/㎡，保持2/3的根系浸泡在营养液中，营养液的EC为2.2，pH为6.0-7.0，营养液温度为22℃，溶氧量为6mg/L。环境温度条件为白天28℃，夜间18℃。光源以HPS为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为400μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植50d。按照上述栽培方法对黄瓜培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的黄瓜单位面积产量。实验结果如表5所示：
表5
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000007
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案黄瓜产量比传统高压钠灯至少提高22.6％；
5.甜椒：种植管理：选择籽粒饱满的金华星甜椒种子，放到55℃温水中温汤浸种10min，后放到30℃清水中浸种8h。用纱布包裹着，放到30℃恒温箱中进行催芽，待种子露白后，将种子播到育苗海绵块中，每穴1粒种子，下面有托盘加纯水，纯水水位高度以海绵下表面齐平，播完后，并用喷壶对种子进行喷施水雾保持表面湿度，后放置于常规育苗灯进行光照处理。当黄瓜幼苗长至6-7叶1心时，将甜椒幼苗分栽到水培模组上，定植密度8株/㎡，保持2/3的根系浸泡在营养液中，营养液的EC为2.2，pH为6.0-7.0，营养液温度为22℃，溶氧量为6mg/L。环境温度条件为白天26℃，夜间18℃。光源以荧光灯为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为400μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植120d。按照上述栽培方法对甜椒培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的甜椒单位面积产量。实验结果如表6所示：
表6
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000008
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案甜椒产量比传统荧光灯至少提高18.1％；
6.小麦：种植管理：选择子粒饱满的农大212小麦种子，浸泡在清水中，充分浸泡后 将其进行种芽春化处理，温度为4℃,时间为15d，将春化处理后的种芽播种到30cm×30cm的盆种，栽培基质为草炭：蛭石＝2V:1V。基质见干浇水，不干不用浇水。每两周左右浇一次复合肥，浓度为800-1000倍。抽穗时喷施磷酸二氢钾，叶面追肥，其它管理均为常规管理。环境温度条件为白天25℃，夜间18℃。光源以HPS为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为500μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植100d。按照上述栽培方法对小麦培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的小麦百粒重。实验结果如表7所示：
表7
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000009
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案小麦百粒重比传统高压钠灯至少提高34.6％；
7.玉米：种植管理：玉米种子用纱布包好，浸泡在清水中，催芽温度30℃～35℃，期间每天更换一次清水。泥炭土：蛭石＝2:1拌和，装于32孔育苗盘中，种子露白后，每穴1粒，播种深度2cm左右，覆土，清水浸透栽培土，覆盖保鲜膜，出芽后揭掉保鲜膜。当幼苗两叶一心时移到30cm×30cm的营养袋，栽培基质为草炭：蛭石＝2V:1V。由于采用盆栽，防治水分过大烂根，见干浇水，不干不浇水。在其拔节期施用拔节肥，大约每两周左右施用一次800-1000倍液复合肥。环境温度条件为白天25℃，夜间18℃。光源以HPS为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为500μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植100d。按照上述栽培方法对玉米培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施 例和对照例中获得的玉米产量。实验结果如表8所示：
表8
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000010
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案玉米百粒重比传统高压钠灯至少提高11.5％；
8.水稻：水稻种子用纱布包好，浸泡在清水中，温度35℃催芽，期间每天更换一次清水。泥炭土：蛭石＝2:1拌和装于72孔育苗盘中，种子露白后，每穴1粒，1.5cm浅播，覆土，清水浸透栽培土，覆盖保鲜膜，放置于育苗灯下，出芽后揭掉保鲜膜。育苗光光周期12h/d，光强250～300μmol/m 2·s，用公司自制营养液200倍液，或800～1000倍液复合肥，每10d施肥一次，环境昼夜温度25/21℃，待水稻苗出苗45d移栽到栽培盆中，后放置在水稻栽培灯下培育，，毎20～25d施肥一次，其中分蘖期补施1000倍液氮肥2次，开花灌浆期毎10d施肥一次，谷子转色成熟期不施肥，环境昼夜温度25～28℃/21℃。光源以HPS为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为450μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植100d。按照上述栽培方法对水稻培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的水稻千粒重和结实率。实验结果如表9所示。
表9
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000012
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案水稻千粒重比传统高压钠灯至少提高11.1，结实率提高至少4.2％；
9.金线莲：把金线莲苗从组织培养瓶中取出，用清水将基质冲洗干净，冲洗过程中要保证茎秆和根完整，冲洗干净后放入浓度为0.1％的高锰酸钾溶液中浸泡5min，进行消毒灭菌，灭菌后的苗放置在无菌盆内备用。待金线莲叶表面高锰酸钾蒸发后，分栽到泥炭土：蛭石：河莎＝1:1:1配制的混合基质中(基质高压灭菌过)，用特定营养液代替无菌水进行拌和，土壤湿度80％；将基质分装25cm*25cm*25cm的种植盆内。金线莲苗以2cm为一定株间间隙分栽完成后，移入人工光环境下进行栽培。光源以荧光灯为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为60±5μmol/m 2·s，光周期为14h/d，种植120d。按照上述栽培方法对金线莲培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的金线莲鲜重和干重。实验结果如表10所示：
表10
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000013
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案金线莲鲜重和干重比传统荧光灯至少提高30.6％、25.2％；
10.米斛：把米斛苗从组织培养瓶中取出，用清水将基质冲洗干净，冲洗过程中要保证茎秆和根完整，冲洗干净后放入浓度为1000倍液的百菌清进行消毒灭菌，灭菌后的苗放置在无菌盆内备用。待米斛组培苗气生根发白后，分栽到大松树皮基质中，基质提前用清水浸泡1天。米斛苗以3cm为一定株间间隙分栽，后将栽培盆移入人工光环境下进行培养，移栽2周后喷施叶面肥防治产生黄叶，整个栽培过程中，每15d喷施一次特定营养液，保持基质湿度70％，栽培温度昼夜温度28/21℃。光源以荧光灯为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱，光强为60±5μmol/m 2·s，光周期为16h/d，种植120d。按照上述栽培方法对米斛培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的米斛鲜重和干重。实验结果如表11所示：
表11
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000014
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案米斛鲜重和干重比传统荧光灯至少提高11.7％、11.1％；
11.三色堇栽培：选择籽粒饱满的三色堇种子，清水浸泡4h后，将种子播到已浸湿的育苗海绵块里，每穴1粒，下面有托盘加纯水，纯水水位高度与海绵下表面齐平，播完后放到24℃催芽箱中进行催芽，湿度保持70％，每隔24h对种子喷施一次水雾。当三色堇幼苗长至4～5叶1心时，将三色堇幼苗分栽到水培模组上，保持2/3的根系浸泡在营养液中，营养液的EC为1.6，pH为6.0，营养液温度为20℃，溶氧量为5mg/L。环境温度条件为白天23℃，夜间18℃。光源以荧光灯为对照，设置2种对照例和2种实施例光谱， 光强为300μmol/m 2·s，光周期为12h，种植25d。按照上述栽培方法对三色堇培养，以光源参数作为各个实施例和对照例，对各个实施例和对照例中获得的三色堇开花数量。实验结果如表12所示：
表12
Figure PCTCN2019085972-appb-000015
试验数据表明：实施例光源方案三色堇开花量比传统荧光灯至少提高18.1％。
尽管已经对上述各实施例进行了描述，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改，所以以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种室内栽培植物的光源，其特征在于：所述光源包括波段为620-760nm的光波，所述620-760nm的光波光子数占整个光源光子数的比例为64-76％。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种室内栽培植物的光源，其特征在于，所述光源中波段为700-760nm的光子数在波段为620-760nm的光子数中占比3-38％。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光源，其特征在于，所述波段为620-760nm的光波的峰值波长优选在650-700nm或730-740nm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光源，其特征在于，所述波段为620-760nm的光波的峰值波长优选650nm、660nm、680nm、695nm、735nm其中一种或二种或三种进行组合。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光源，其特征在于，650-700nm或730-740nm范围内的峰值波长对应的光波半高宽小于35nm。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的光源，其特征在于，所述光源还包括波段为400-499nm的光波，波段620-760nm光子总数与所述波段400-499nm的光子总数之比为4～7：1。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述光源，其特征在于，所述波段为400-499nm的光波的峰值波长优选在430-460nm。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述光源，其特征在于，所述波段为400-499nm光波的峰值波长优选435nm、440nm、450nm、460nm其中之一或其中任意二种或三种进行组合。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的光源，其特征在于，430-460nm范围内的峰值波长对应的光波半高宽小于35nm。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的光源，其特征在于，所述光源还包括波段为500-599nm的光波，波段为620-760nm光波的光子总数与波段为500-599nm光波的光子总数之比为3～8：1。
PCT/CN2019/085972 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 一种室内栽培植物的光源 WO2020164194A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021539885A JP2022516767A (ja) 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 室内栽培植物の光源
FIEP19915217.4T FI3881671T3 (fi) 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 Valonlähde sisäkasvien viljelyyn
CA3125499A CA3125499C (en) 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 Light source for indoor plant cultivation
US17/420,689 US11596108B2 (en) 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 Light source for indoor plant cultivation
KR1020217020565A KR20210105920A (ko) 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 실내 재배 식물의 광원
EP19915217.4A EP3881671B1 (en) 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 Light source for indoor plant cultivation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910117762.2 2019-02-15
CN201910117762.2A CN109644721A (zh) 2019-02-15 2019-02-15 一种室内栽培植物的光源

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020164194A1 true WO2020164194A1 (zh) 2020-08-20

Family

ID=66122745

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/085972 WO2020164194A1 (zh) 2019-02-15 2019-05-08 一种室内栽培植物的光源

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US11596108B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3881671B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2022516767A (zh)
KR (1) KR20210105920A (zh)
CN (1) CN109644721A (zh)
CA (1) CA3125499C (zh)
FI (1) FI3881671T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2020164194A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114128513A (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-04 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 一种基于近红外电磁波转换材料的补光装置

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109644721A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-19 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种室内栽培植物的光源
CN112106634B (zh) * 2019-06-20 2022-04-19 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 一种勐腊毛麝香幼苗的无土培育方法
CN110558089A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-13 福建农林大学 一种利用led光提高金线莲水仙苷含量的方法
CN110583380B (zh) * 2019-10-16 2024-04-05 厦门通秴科技股份有限公司 一种工业大麻种植方法及植物种植灯
CN111642264A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-11 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种提高植物工厂食用花卉开花量的光环境调控方法
CN111919737A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-13 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种促进植物工厂根茎类药材块根生长的方法
CN112438195A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-03-05 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种工业大麻水培扦插方法
CN112438129A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-03-05 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种促进工业大麻生根的方法
CN112544422A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-26 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种促进谷类作物一年4-5熟的植物工厂种植方法
CN112616601A (zh) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-09 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种防止大豆爬蔓加速大豆生长的室内种植方法
CN112602489B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2023-08-11 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种促进植物生长的双峰蓝光
CN113099878A (zh) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-13 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种促进植物工厂花卉花青素含量积累的方法
CN115176688B (zh) * 2022-07-12 2023-08-11 神农架国家公园科学研究院 曲茎石斛仿野生种植的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000135031A (ja) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-16 Nisshoku Corp 植物の栽培方法
CN106665319A (zh) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-17 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种叶菜类蔬菜的栽培光环境和栽培方法
CN106718183A (zh) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种叶菜类蔬菜的育苗光环境和育苗方法
US20180007838A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2018-01-11 Matthew McCord Multiple colors, and color palettes, of narrowband photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) time-staged over hours, days, and growing seasons yields superior plant growth
CN109644721A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-19 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种室内栽培植物的光源

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI20095967A (fi) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-19 Valoya Oy Valaisinsovitelma
JP2011155948A (ja) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-18 Seiwa Electric Mfg Co Ltd 植物育成用発光装置
JP5450559B2 (ja) * 2010-11-25 2014-03-26 シャープ株式会社 植物栽培用ｌｅｄ光源、植物工場及び発光装置
CN202738520U (zh) * 2012-05-31 2013-02-20 华仕德科技股份有限公司 促进植物生长的容置件
US20140069007A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-13 Cashido Corporation Plant growth facilitating apparatus plant growth facilitating apparatus
JP2014090684A (ja) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-19 Sharp Corp 照明装置
CN106973787B (zh) * 2017-03-03 2019-05-10 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种拟南芥的人工光环境栽培方法
CN106922506B (zh) * 2017-03-03 2022-12-02 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种烟草的人工光环境栽培方法
CN106900505B (zh) * 2017-03-03 2022-12-06 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种大麻的人工光环境栽培方法
CN109827089B (zh) * 2019-02-15 2020-09-11 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种led植物生长灯光谱

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000135031A (ja) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-16 Nisshoku Corp 植物の栽培方法
US20180007838A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2018-01-11 Matthew McCord Multiple colors, and color palettes, of narrowband photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) time-staged over hours, days, and growing seasons yields superior plant growth
CN106665319A (zh) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-17 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种叶菜类蔬菜的栽培光环境和栽培方法
CN106718183A (zh) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种叶菜类蔬菜的育苗光环境和育苗方法
CN109644721A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-19 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种室内栽培植物的光源

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3881671A4 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114128513A (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-04 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 一种基于近红外电磁波转换材料的补光装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2022516767A (ja) 2022-03-02
US11596108B2 (en) 2023-03-07
US20220095545A1 (en) 2022-03-31
CN109644721A (zh) 2019-04-19
KR20210105920A (ko) 2021-08-27
EP3881671B1 (en) 2023-04-05
CA3125499C (en) 2023-08-01
CA3125499A1 (en) 2020-08-20
EP3881671A1 (en) 2021-09-22
EP3881671A4 (en) 2021-12-22
FI3881671T3 (fi) 2023-07-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2020164194A1 (zh) 一种室内栽培植物的光源
KR102621190B1 (ko) 식물생장을 촉진시키는 광 조사방법
WO2017211006A1 (zh) 一种有机高产西红柿的种植方法
WO2021248642A1 (zh) 一种控制植物生长的方法
CN110234222A (zh) 通过人工光进行植物苗的栽培方法
WO2022142283A1 (zh) 一种草本香料植物的全人工光栽培方法
CN110574665B (zh) 一种黄精组培苗室外移栽方法
CN110583389B (zh) 一种植物育苗的人工光环境方法
CN108811870B (zh) 一种适应于欧洲云杉幼苗生长的光谱及配比
CN1109490C (zh) 薇菜孢子繁殖“三段式”育苗培蔸方法
WO2022121316A1 (zh) 一种促进谷类作物一年4-5熟的植物工厂种植方法
CN105794447A (zh) 辣椒的移栽方法
Treder et al. The effects of LEDs on growth and morphogenesis of vegetable seedlings cultivated in growth chambers
KR20160139755A (ko) 난의 대량 순화재배 방법
CN102893802A (zh) 利用烤房快速培育烤烟苗的壮苗方法
Waiba et al. Study of growth parameters and germination of tomato seedlings in soil-less media under protected environment
CN108293722A (zh) 芫荽在植物工厂内的种植方法
Hao et al. Optimizing vertical light spectral distribution to improve yield and quality in greenhouse fruit vegetable production
Demirsoy et al. The quantitative effects of different light sources on the growth parameters of pepper seedlings.
Montefiori et al. Optimal red: blue LED lighting ratio for a sustainable indoor cultivation of rocket salad and chicory
Moursy et al. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research Volume: 10| Issue: 02| April-June| 2021
CN116941479A (zh) 一种狗牙根种茎周年高效生产的技术
US20230036174A1 (en) Lighting method for promoting plant growth, plant lamp and application thereof
Wei et al. Promoted graft healing and quality of watermelon seedlings by environmental manipulation
CN114568231A (zh) 一种谷类植物种植方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19915217

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 19915217.4

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2019915217

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20210617

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20217020565

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

Ref document number: 3125499

Country of ref document: CA

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021539885

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE