WO2020162734A1 - 다중 다상권선 자가장 결속을 이용하는 전자기기계 - Google Patents
다중 다상권선 자가장 결속을 이용하는 전자기기계 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020162734A1 WO2020162734A1 PCT/KR2020/001840 KR2020001840W WO2020162734A1 WO 2020162734 A1 WO2020162734 A1 WO 2020162734A1 KR 2020001840 W KR2020001840 W KR 2020001840W WO 2020162734 A1 WO2020162734 A1 WO 2020162734A1
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- winding
- magnetic field
- stator
- mover
- electromagnetic machine
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/12—Asynchronous induction motors for multi-phase current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/22—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with windings connected to slip-rings
- H02K17/24—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with windings connected to slip-rings in which both stator and rotor are fed with AC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/025—Asynchronous motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/32—Arrangements for controlling wound field motors, e.g. motors with exciter coils
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/007—Control circuits for doubly fed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/07—Doubly fed machines receiving two supplies both on the stator only wherein the power supply is fed to different sets of stator windings or to rotor and stator windings
- H02P2207/076—Doubly fed machines receiving two supplies both on the stator only wherein the power supply is fed to different sets of stator windings or to rotor and stator windings wherein both supplies are made via converters: especially doubly-fed induction machines; e.g. for starting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electromagnetic machine using magnetic field binding of multiple multi-phase windings, and in particular, comprising an active controllable rotor and a stator for generating a rotating magnetic field independently of the electromagnetic machine, and independently By controlling the motor, it is possible to increase the torque required during starting-up or during operation, so that the direction, torque and speed can be better controlled.For a generator, the instability of the prime mover is excluded,
- the present invention relates to an electromagnetic machine capable of supplying stable power, having a wide operating range, and having high efficiency with a small size, as well as controlling torque and speed over a wide range.
- a reversible electromagnetic machine including a rotating member in a system.
- a generator that converts into mechanical energy by rotational motion of such a rotating member, and generates electrical energy from this mechanical energy.
- the power generated from these generators can be supplied or stored in other system elements.
- a motor that supplies electrical energy to a machine and converts it into mechanical energy to obtain rotational power by rotating the rotating member.
- Electromagnetic machines used in these motors/generators are the most widely used electric devices in our daily life, and are widely used in homes and industrial sites, ranging from small sizes of tens of W to large sizes of several MW, especially fans, washing machines, refrigerators, automobiles, and elevators. , Pumps, and cranes are widely used.
- the general demand for such an electromagnetic machine is not only cost reduction, but also miniaturization and weight reduction, especially for transportation means such as vehicles and airplanes on the ground.
- the electromagnetic machine comprises a stator and a rotor.
- it operates on the principle that rotational torque is generated in the rotor by a rotating magnetic field generated when a current flows through the coil of the stator.
- the rotational torque uses the rotational force of the rotor as the rotational power.
- Direct current motors generate torque by using a fixed magnetic field in the air gap and driving the armature coil.
- the induction motor has a stator with a multiphase coil that creates a moving or rotating magnetic field in the air gap, the rotor generates a predetermined magnetic field originating from a permanent magnet or electromagnet, It rotates at the same speed as the speed of the rotor shaft.
- conventional electromagnetic machines have magnetic field rotation fixed to the axis.
- Induction motors can be largely classified into squirrel cage induction motors and wound motors.
- a squirrel cage induction motor the structure is simple and robust, operation is easy, and maintenance is simple.
- a large current is required during startup and a small torque is generated. Therefore, it is difficult to apply when frequent start and stop are required, speed control is necessary, or power capacity is small.
- the starting current is smaller than that of a squirrel cage motor, and a large torque is generated.
- a large torque it is necessary to increase the size of the motor itself, which increases the cost.
- a wound motor requires slip rings.
- the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic machine including an independently active controllable winding type rotor and stator.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a Doubly Active Electromagnetic Machine system that reduces the system scale and increases efficiency by using an electromagnetic machine including a winding rotor and a stator that can be independently actively controlled.
- the electromagnetic machine includes a stator including a multi-phase winding; A mover comprising a multiphase winding and spaced apart from the stator at a predetermined interval; And a control unit that independently controls the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover.
- the controller may control the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field by controlling a first current applied to the multi-phase winding of the stator and a second current applied to the multi-phase winding of the mover.
- controller may individually control the phase and amplitude of the first current and the second current.
- control unit may apply the first current to the multiphase winding of the stator in at least one of a direct wiring method, a slip-ring method, and a wireless inductive coupling method, or to the multiphase winding of the mover.
- the second current may be applied.
- control unit may control the electromagnetic machine to be bound to each other at an initial stage of driving, the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover.
- controller may control the movement directions of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field in the same direction or in the opposite direction.
- the mover may be a rotor connected to a rotation shaft and rotating around the rotation shaft.
- control unit may generate a torque and a speed of the rotating shaft by maintaining the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover bonded to each other and individually controlling the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field.
- the electromagnetic machine may be a linear electromagnetic machine or a rotating electromagnetic machine.
- stator includes a first winding arrangement
- the mover includes a second winding arrangement formed to be spaced apart from the first winding arrangement at a predetermined interval, and having a mirror image in the spaced direction, the first winding arrangement
- the winding arrangement includes at least one first half cycle and at least one second half cycle formed adjacent to each other, and the first half cycle includes at least two windings having different current flow directions, wherein the first half cycle and The second half-period may have a mirror image in a neighboring direction.
- the direction of the magnetic field formed between the two windings forming the first half cycle and the direction of the magnetic field formed between the two windings forming the second half cycle may be opposite to each other.
- the first half period the first layer including at least two windings having different directions in which the current flows, and adjacent to the second winding arrangement; A second layer having the same current direction as the winding structure of the first layer, but including a second layer winding structure located outside the first layer winding structure, and located on the first layer; And a third layer winding structure having a current direction opposite to that of the second layer winding structure but located inside the second layer winding structure, and may include a third layer positioned above the second layer.
- a fourth layer winding structure having the same current direction as that of the third layer winding structure, but located outside the third layer winding structure, and a fourth layer positioned above the third layer may be further included.
- the first half cycle includes at least two windings having different directions in which a current flows, and a lower layer adjacent to the second winding arrangement;
- An upper layer winding structure having a current direction opposite to that of the lower layer winding structure may be included, and an upper layer positioned above the lower layer may be included.
- first winding arrangement may include a plurality of first half cycles and a plurality of second half cycles, and the first half cycle and the second half cycle may be formed periodically in an adjacent direction.
- first winding arrangement or the second winding arrangement may have a length extending along a direction in which the current flows, and include a segmented toroid or segmented solenoid current distribution.
- a magnetic field synchronous coupling (Field Lock) double-excitation electromagnetic mechanical system includes a stator including a multi-phase winding; A mover comprising a multiphase winding and spaced apart from the stator at a predetermined interval; And a control unit for independently controlling the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover.
- a stator including a multi-phase winding
- a mover comprising a multiphase winding and spaced apart from the stator at a predetermined interval
- a control unit for independently controlling the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover.
- the electromagnetic machine including the independently active controllable winding type rotor and stator according to the present invention provides a starting torque greater than the normal operating state due to the inertia of the load and the motor itself during startup from the winding type rotor that can be independently actively controlled. It can be solved by the generated rotating magnetic field. Therefore, there is an effect that the maximum drive torque can be calculated with the minimum size and the efficiency can be maximized. In addition, fast operation according to control is possible, has a wide dynamic range, and safe operation is possible.
- Renewable energy such as offshore wind power generation, tidal current power generation, wave power generation, etc. using a new concept double-fed electromagnetic machine using an electromagnetic machine including an independently active controllable winding rotor and stator according to the present invention.
- the size is minimized and mounted on each wheel to individually and efficiently control the driving torque and speed of each wheel. By controlling it, it can be applied to future vehicles such as electric vehicles.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exemplary cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 3 is another exemplary cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of driving or controlling an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit for an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wind power generation double-excited electromagnetic machine (Doubly Active Electromagnetic Machine) to which an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- Doubly Active Electromagnetic Machine Doubly Active Electromagnetic Machine
- FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram of a schematic in-wheel drive electromagnetic machine to which the electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG 8 is another exemplary view of a schematic wheel-driven electromagnetic machine to which the electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 10 is an exemplary cross-sectional view schematically showing a current flow and a magnetic flux magnitude according to an arrangement of windings of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an arrangement of windings of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention as a set of two phase difference windings.
- FIG. 12 is an exemplary cross-sectional view schematically showing a current flow and a magnetic flux magnitude according to a winding arrangement of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an arrangement structure of windings of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an interaction between a magnetic field and a current generated by the winding arrangement structure of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 15 is an exemplary cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a winding arrangement of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention applied in a horizontal direction with a stacked winding.
- 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a three-dimensional structure of a stator and a mover winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention with a stacked winding.
- 17 is a simulation result diagram for a structure in which a three-dimensional structure is applied to the winding arrangement of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a simulation result diagram for a structure in which a three-dimensional structure is applied to the winding arrangement of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is an exemplary cross-sectional view schematically showing a winding arrangement of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention applied with a planar winding structure.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a three-dimensional structure of a stator and a mover winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention having a planar winding structure.
- 21 is a simulation result diagram for a structure in which the winding arrangement of a stator and a mover according to an embodiment of the present invention is three-dimensionally applied with a planar winding structure.
- the embodiments described in the present specification will be described with reference to a cross-sectional view and/or a plan view, which are ideal exemplary diagrams of the present invention.
- the thicknesses of films and regions are exaggerated for effective description of technical content.
- the shape of the exemplary diagram may be modified by manufacturing technology and/or tolerance.
- the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific shapes shown, but also include changes in shapes generated according to the manufacturing process.
- the etched region shown at a right angle may be rounded or may have a shape having a predetermined curvature.
- the regions illustrated in the figures have schematic properties, and the shapes of the regions illustrated in the figures are intended to illustrate specific forms of regions of the device and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- the electromagnetic machine includes a stator 110, a mover 120, and a control unit 130.
- the stator 110 and the mover 120 each include multi-phase windings 111 and 121, and are formed to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance d.
- the control unit 130 independently controls the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover. By controlling the direction of the current flowing through the multiphase winding, a magnetic field is formed by the current. By controlling the current flowing through the multiphase winding, the movement or direction of the magnetic field can be controlled.
- the controller 130 may control the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field by controlling the first current applied to the multiphase winding 111 of the stator and the second current applied to the multiphase winding 121 of the mover.
- the control unit may individually control the phase and amplitude of the first current and the second current.
- the control unit 130 may control the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover to bind to each other at the initial driving stage of the electromagnetic machine, and the movement direction of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field is the same or opposite. Can be controlled in the direction.
- the mover 120 may be a rotor that is connected to a rotation axis and rotates about the rotation axis, and the control unit 130 maintains the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mover to be bound to each other, and the first magnetic field And by individually controlling the second magnetic field, it is possible to generate torque and speed of the rotating shaft.
- the stator 110 and the mover 120 are circular and may be formed to have a common axis.
- the polyphase windings 111 and 121 arranged in a linear array can be applied to a linear motor. It can also be applied to both linear and rotating electromagnetic machines.
- a magnetic field generated by a constant current through the multiphase winding of the mover moves as the mover moves.
- the sinusoidal current through the multiphase winding of the mover creates a rotating magnetic field about the axis of rotation of the mover.
- the rotation of the field in the air gap rotates at a speed determined by the combination of the field rotation speed and the shaft rotation speed.
- the velocity of the magnetic field in the air gap generated by the mover in relation to the stationary coordinate system is the combination of the velocity of the magnetic element and the velocity of the mover produced by the current in the mover winding.
- Multi-phase windings provided on the stator and the mover mean two or more separate windings in which each winding generates a periodic magnetic field in the air gap as a function of angle when current flows through it. It may include an integer number of spatial periods or periods at an angle of 360 degrees.
- the second winding is positioned offset by a fixed angle with respect to the first winding. For example, in the case of a two-phase winding, it may be shifted by 1/4 cycle (or 90 degrees of electrical angle), and in the case of a three-phase coil, it may be shifted by 1/3 cycle. (Or electric angle 120 degrees)
- the total magnetic field generated by all windings is the sum of the magnetic fields generated by the current through each winding.
- the amount of current in the winding By changing the amount of current in the winding, the phase and amplitude of the magnetic field can be changed.
- the multiphase current for the multiphase winding can be supplied to the stator and the mover freely rotating relative to the stator by means of slip rings or other coupling means including wireless inductive coupling.
- the polyphase current can be supplied to the electromagnetic machine through fixed wires or other coupling means that allow power and control signals to be transmitted to the electromagnetic machine.
- An electromagnetic machine utilizes a rotating magnetic field generated by time-varying currents supplied in different phases from the stator and/or mover windings. When current is supplied to multiple windings, it creates an integer multicycle magnetic field fluctuation.
- the number of periods of each magnetic field generated by the stator and the mover may be the same.
- the mover and stator are magnetized by their respective currents, they are in magnetic field binding to each other.
- the mover is positioned at an angular position fixed to the magnetic field generated by the stator, and is pulled together with the magnetic field generated by the mover.
- the phase current of the mover is fixed, while the magnetic field pattern in the air gap generated by the stator moves as the phase of the current changes.
- the mover magnetic field moves with it to keep the field locked. Similar events can occur as the stator phase does not change and the phase of the mover current changes.
- the magnetic field generated by the multiple phase windings can move. If the current changes in time in exactly the same way in both the stator and rotor, producing the same rotation of the magnetic field in the same way, then in the same way, the magnetic field binding causes the mover to rotate twice the speed of the magnetic field rotation in the opposite direction, whereas In the case where the magnetic field rotation of the stator and the mover are in the opposite direction, the mover is kept stationary by the magnetic field binding.
- Magnetic field binding is formed when the rotational speed of the moving magnetic field of the stator is equal to the sum of the speeds of the moving magnetic field generated by the mover determined by the speed and frequency of the mover.
- the frequency and amplitude of the current in the stator and the mover can provide a wide range of dynamic control as well as protection of the payload and electromagnetic machinery.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an internal structure of an electromagnetic machine including an independently active controllable winding type rotor and stator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a rotating electromagnetic machine in which a mover is connected to a rotating shaft with a rotor to maintain an interval with a stator and rotates.
- the electromagnetic machine of FIG. 2 will be described as an example. 2 is an exemplary implementation, and it is natural that the electromagnetic machine according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the electromagnetic machine 1100 includes a stator 120 fixed to the inside of the case 1110, and a rotation shaft 1Shaft 130 passing through the case 1110. ), a rotor 140 surrounding the rotation shaft 1130, a stator 1120, and a control unit 1150 placed at one end of the rotor 1140.
- the positions of the stator 1120, the rotation shaft 1130, the rotor 1140, and the control unit 1150 inside the case 1110 are specified, but the present invention is not limited thereto and violates the spirit of the present invention. It is also possible to relocate the appropriate location to the extent that it is not possible.
- the rotation shaft 1130 is disposed to penetrate the central portion of the case 1110 in the longitudinal direction.
- bearings 1160 are provided at both ends of the case 1110 in which the rotating shaft 1130 is supported.
- the rotatable case 1111 is disposed outside the control unit 1150 and prevents the external power line (not shown) from being entangled during rotation.
- the case 1110 is exemplarily illustrated so that external power lines are not entangled by providing a rotatable case 1111, but the case is not limited thereto, and may be fixed when the power line is wirelessly supplied or transmitted in another manner.
- the interval 1s between the control unit 1150 and the stator 1120 and the rotor 1140 is necessary because one side rotates at high speed when wireless power and signals are supplied.
- a stator 1120 is attached and fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the case 1110, and the stator 1120 includes multi-phase windings (not shown).
- the inner side of the stator 1120 shares the center of the rotation shaft 1130 and the stator 1120, and is spaced apart from the stator 1120 in the direction of the rotor 1130 by a predetermined distance, that is, an air gap (d), and
- the rotor 1140 including the 1130 is provided.
- the rotor 1140 in an embodiment according to the present invention includes multi-phase windings (not shown).
- the case 1110 includes a stator 1120, a rotating shaft 1130, and a control unit 1150 for transmitting and receiving power at one end of the rotor 1140.
- the control unit 1150 may supply first power to the stator 1120 to generate a first rotating magnetic field (not shown), and adjust the supplied first power to adjust the magnitude and frequency of the first rotating magnetic field. Etc. can be controlled.
- the first power is a direct wiring method (not shown), a slip-ring method (not shown), a wireless inductive coupling method (not shown), and a control unit ( Power is transmitted and received from the 1150 to the multiphase windings of the stator 1120 through the stator switching unit 1125.
- stator switching unit 1125 is a part in which pulse width modulation (PWM) occurs, and may include an inverter and a converter.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- stator switching unit 1125 is coupled to one end of the stator 1120 to be illustrated, but is not limited thereto, and the stator switching unit 1125 may be included in the control unit 1150.
- control unit 1150 may generate a second rotating magnetic field (not shown) independently from the first rotating magnetic field by supplying second power to the rotor 1140, and adjusting the supplied second power The magnitude and frequency of the second rotating magnetic field may be controlled.
- the second power is the rotor through the rotor switching unit 1145 from the control unit 1150 in any one selected from a slip ring method (not shown), a wireless inductive coupling method (not shown), and a combination thereof. Power is transmitted and received to the multi-phase windings of 1140.
- control unit 1150 controls the stator 1120 in any one of a direct wiring method (not shown), a slip ring method (not shown), a wireless inductive coupling method (not shown), and a combination thereof. Can be delivered.
- the controller 1150 may transmit a control command to the rotor 1140 in any one of a slip ring method (not shown), a wireless inductive coupling method (not shown), and a combination thereof.
- the control unit 1150 supplies the first power and the second power to the stator 1120 and the rotor 1140, respectively, by a wireless inductive coupling method, a frequency different from the control command transmitted by the wireless inductive coupling method is applied. Can be used to avoid interference.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an internal structure of an electromagnetic machine including an independently active controllable winding type rotor and stator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the electromagnetic machine 1200 including an independently active controllable winding type rotor and stator includes a stator 1220 fixed to the inside of the case 1210, A rotating shaft 1230 passing through the case 1210, a rotor 1240 surrounding the rotating shaft 1230, a stator 1220, and a control unit 1250 placed at one end of the rotor 1240 may be included.
- the stator 1220 and the rotor 1240 are connected to the stator slip ring 1221 and the rotor slip ring 1241 in the control unit 1250.
- the control unit 1250 is exemplarily illustrated as being disposed inside the case 1210, but is not limited thereto, and the control unit 1250 may be disposed outside the case 1210.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of driving or controlling an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the power supply device/grid 1370 A second rotating magnetic field (not shown) is generated by supplying second power to the multiphase windings (not shown) of the rotor 1340 through the rotor switching unit 1345.
- the power generated from the rotor 1340 (Not shown) is supplied to the power supply/grid 1370 through the rotor switching unit 1345.
- the second rotating magnetic field measures the magnitude and frequency of the first rotating magnetic field through a sensor 1380 included in the stator 1320, and transmits the measured value 1352 to the control circuit 1351, and 2
- the stator 1320 and the rotor 1340 are actively controlled to optimize the torque and efficiency of the electromagnetic machine by comparing the magnitude and frequency of the rotating magnetic field.
- the first rotating magnetic field also measures the magnitude and frequency of the second rotating magnetic field through a sensor 1380 included in the rotor 1340, and transmits the measured value 1354 to the control circuit 1351, and the The stator 1320 and the rotor 1340 are actively controlled to optimize the torque and efficiency of the electromagnetic machine by comparing the magnitude and frequency of the first rotating magnetic field.
- the sensor 1380 is used to optimize the use of an electromagnetic machine by measuring at least one or more dynamic operating states (torque, current, voltage, position, speed, etc.) of the stator 1320 and the rotor 1340.
- the electromagnetic machine can be efficiently operated and safely operated through the state information of the power supply/grid 1370 as well as the measured value of the dynamic operating state secured through the sensor 1380.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit for an electromagnetic machine including an independently active controllable winding type rotor and stator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the equivalent circuit 1400 of an electromagnetic machine including an independently active controllable winding type rotor and a stator according to an embodiment of the present invention is equivalent to the equivalent circuit 1420 of the stator and the equivalent of the rotor. Circuit 1440.
- the electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described for illustrative purposes as two-phase windings having a phase difference of 90°, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and a person skilled in the art can easily apply it to a multi-phase winding.
- the force according to Lorentz law can be expressed by the following equation.
- F is the force generated on the wire
- l is the length of the rod-shaped wire
- a rotating magnetic field generated in the equivalent circuit 1420 of the stator is generated in the Z-axis direction, and the current supplied from the equivalent circuit 1440 of the rotor is Y As it is supplied in the axial direction, it can be expressed by the following equations.
- the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing through the winding A of the stator can be approximated as a sinusoidal wave, and can be expressed by the following equation.
- the stator winding can have several cycles of an electromagnetic machine.
- the superscript A means winding (phase) A.
- magnetic flux is generated in the phase A winding of the stator.
- the phase B winding is electrically 90° out of phase with respect to the phase A winding, and the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing through the phase B winding can be expressed by the following equation.
- phase A winding and the phase B winding are overlapped by a current flowing through the stator winding with a time difference to form a moving magnetic field as follows. This can be expressed by the following equation.
- the current flowing in the rotor winding can be approximated as a sinusoidal wave.
- the current flowing through the phase A winding of the rotor can be expressed by the following equation.
- phase B winding has a phase difference of 90° with respect to the phase A winding
- current flowing through the phase B winding of the rotor can be expressed by the following equation.
- the current flowing in the rotor winding can be expressed as follows by overlapping the phase A winding and the phase B winding. This can be expressed by the following equation.
- Lorentz force generated by electromagnetic machinery Can be expressed as the following equation from Equations 4 and 7.
- the Lorentz force was analyzed by the interaction of the magnetic field generated from the stator and the current generated from the rotor, but this is only an example and the opposite case can be interpreted.
- ⁇ is the phase difference between the rotor and stator. Also this Compared to speed Assuming that it is moving (with respect to the stator winding), it can be expressed by the following equation.
- the torque interpreted by the equivalent circuit 1400 of the electromagnetic machine is proportional to the magnetic field that can be interpreted from the equivalent circuit 1420 of the stator and the equivalent circuit 1440 of the rotor, and may be expressed by the following equation.
- the torque is interpreted as a magnetic field generated in the stator and the rotor, but this is only an example and can be interpreted as a current generated in the stator and the rotor.
- the magnetic field analyzed by the equivalent circuit 1440 of the rotor is proportional to the current flowing through the rotor winding. Therefore, from Equation 9, the torque is proportional to the current flowing in the stator and rotor, which can be independently actively controlled. Meanwhile, in the case of a general motor, the current flowing through the rotor is induced or derived from the stator, and the stator must be controlled to control it. Accordingly, since the electromagnetic machine according to the present invention can be driven by a combination of independent currents of the stator and the rotor, the range of torque available when operating the electromagnetic machine is wide, the reaction time can be reduced, and the efficiency can be optimized. In addition, it is easy to secure safety when operating an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram of a wind power dual-excitation electromagnetic machine (Dual Active Electromagnetic Machine) of a schematic new concept including an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a wind power dual-excitation electromagnetic machine Deviceic Electromagnetic Machine
- FIG. 6 only an example of wind power generation is described, but the application example is not limited thereto and may be applied to a new renewable energy system such as tidal power generation or wave power generation, which may include an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. .
- a double-excitation electromagnetic machine 1505 for wind power generation including an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention can electronically implement a continuously variable gear ratio without a gearbox, and thus a large drive It is a power generation or regenerative braking device capable of generating torque.
- the rotor blade 1501 is connected to the electromagnetic machine 1500 through a power shaft 1502.
- the output of the electromagnetic machine 1500 is delivered to a load 1506 via a power converter 1503 and a grid 1504.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic views of a vehicle including an in-wheel drive motor to which an electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 7 and 8 illustrate only an example of an in-wheel drive motor, but the application example is not limited thereto. Meanwhile, FIG. 7 is an exemplary configuration diagram for driving a vehicle including the electromagnetic machine of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an exemplary configuration diagram for braking a vehicle including the electromagnetic machine of the present invention.
- an energy source for example, DC power of a battery 1601 is converted into AC power through an inverter 1604.
- the converted electric power is applied to the electromagnetic machine 1600 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a driving force is generated and transmitted to each wheel through a power shaft (not shown) to drive the vehicle.
- the inertial force of the vehicle being driven is transmitted to the electromagnetic machine 1700 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention through the power shaft during braking, thereby entering a regenerative braking state.
- the generated power is charged in an energy source, for example, the battery 1701 or the capacitor 1702 through the inverter 1704 or consumed as heat in the braking resistor 1703.
- the motor size is minimized and mounted on each wheel, and the driving torque and speed of each wheel are independently and individually and efficiently controlled, thereby providing stability of the vehicle. And improve driving performance.
- the reaction time is short, so it is possible to quickly cope with the driving situation.
- FIG. 9 shows the force between the stator and the mover (rotor) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the mover can move freely in the x direction. (In a rotating electromagnetic machine, x is the axis rotation direction)
- the mover does not move in the y or z direction, and the force in the z direction refers to the direction of the pulling or pressing force between the mover and the stator.
- stator's polyphase coil When the stator's polyphase coil is driven by DC current, an AC magnetic field is generated in the air gap, and when the mover's polyphase coil is driven by DC current, an AC magnetic field is generated in the air gap. It has a magnetic field space period of 0.01m in the x direction, the current of the polyphase coil is bound by the magnetic field in the y direction, and the magnetic field of the air gap changes periodically in the x direction.
- the figure can be expressed as the restoring force, the force in the x direction to return to a stable equilibrium position, (-0.5 * period ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5 * period), and the repulsive force, the force to push the mover to a stable position.
- the point of (0.5 * period ⁇ x ⁇ 1.0 * period) x 0.5 *period is the saddle point.
- Force and displacement serve as a periodic function of the mover offset angle.
- the restoring force exists at the position where the mover and stator face each other with opposite polarities, and if this condition is met, the mover and stator are defined as being in "field locking".
- the magnetic field binding can be maintained with the stator and the mover generates a separate rotating magnetic field while the mover rotates.
- a stator with a multiphase winding capable of generating a moving magnetic field there is an air gap with a certain distance between a stator with a multiphase winding capable of generating a moving magnetic field and a mover having a multiphase winding capable of independently generating a moving magnetic field. It can be formed in an electromagnetic machine that can move at regular intervals in the direction of flow and normal.
- the moving magnetic field is focused on the void, and the vector direction of the magnetic field, the direction of current flow, and the moving direction of the moving object have a vertical relationship with each other.
- the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the stator and the mover each polyphase winding maintains a stable state in which the magnetic field polarities are opposite to each other is a magnetic field binding phenomenon.
- a restoring force is generated to return to its original state. If the moving distance is small, the restoring force is proportional to the moving distance, and the direction of the force is opposite to the moving direction.
- the electromagnetic machine Before the electromagnetic machine starts to drive, it first forms a magnetic field bond, and when it is driven, it starts to drive while maintaining the in-rush current to be below an appropriate level at the start of the drilling.
- the magnetic field binding By maintaining the magnetic field binding at all times while driving, it can quickly respond to the torque required by the wide dynamic operating range, and the bi-directional power transfer function can secure safety.
- the rotor position can be stable.
- the repulsive force pushes the mover into a stable area. Resilience exists when opposite poles are encountered, whereas repulsive forces occur when similar poles are encountered.
- the external load of the shaft eg friction
- f_ext the external load of the shaft
- the mover position can be moved away from a stable equilibrium (x ⁇ 0, fx> 0). It means that the motor performs the work of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.
- the external load is pushing the mover with f_ext> 0 in the x direction, and the external force can be balanced by the restoring force fx ⁇ 0.
- the generator converts mechanical work into electrical energy.
- the stator and the mover of the electromagnetic machine according to the embodiment of the present invention may be formed of a winding arrangement.
- it may be formed in a winding arrangement as shown in FIG. 10.
- the winding arrangement constituting the stator and the mover will be described in detail.
- the stator includes a first winding arrangement
- the mover includes a second winding arrangement that is formed to be spaced apart from the first winding arrangement at a predetermined interval and has a mirror image in the spaced direction
- the first winding arrangement is At least one first half cycle and at least one second half cycle formed adjacent to each other, and the first half cycle includes at least two windings having different current flow directions, wherein the first half cycle and the second half cycle May have a mirror image in a neighboring direction.
- a winding arrangement 2100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first winding arrangement 2110 and a second winding arrangement 2120.
- the winding arrangement means the winding arrangement of the stator and the mover.
- the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 are formed to be spaced apart at predetermined intervals, and have a mirror image in the spaced direction. That is, the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 have a mirror image with the x-axis as a symmetrical axis.
- the mirror image has a structure corresponding to each other around the axis of symmetry, and means that the mirror image has the same structure as that of a mirror.
- the first winding arrangement 2110 includes at least one first half cycle and at least one second half cycle formed adjacent to each other.
- the first half cycle 2150 and the second half cycle 2160 are formed as one cycle, and the spatial cycle ( ) Can be formed in a periodic form repeating the same structure every time.
- the first half cycle 2150 includes at least two windings having different current flow directions, and the first half cycle and the second half cycle have mirror images in neighboring directions. That is, the first half-period 2150 has a second half-period 2160 and a mirror image with a z-axis as a symmetry axis.
- the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 are spaced apart by a predetermined interval, that is, an air gap (d) in the z-axis direction.
- the interval between the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 may be set by magnetic flux or other components to be implemented using the winding arrangement, and may be set by a user.
- the first half cycle 2150 includes at least two windings having different directions in which current flows.
- 10 illustrates an embodiment in which the first half cycle 2150 is formed of a plurality of layers, but this corresponds to one example, and the first half cycle 2150 includes at least two windings having different current flow directions.
- the two windings may have opposite directions in which a current flows. One winding may flow in a direction (+y direction) in the plane of FIG. 10, and the other winding may flow in a direction (-y direction) out of the plane of FIG. 10.
- a current flows in one direction, a magnetic field is formed in the winding.
- a current flows into the plane of FIG.
- a magnetic field is formed in a clockwise direction surrounding the winding, and when a current flows out of the plane of FIG. 10, a magnetic field is formed in a counterclockwise direction surrounding the winding.
- the two windings included in the first half-cycle 2150 may be windings included in the first layer on the first half-cycle 2150 of FIG. 10.
- the magnetic field between the two windings is caused by the counterclockwise magnetic field generated by the winding located on the right and flowing current out of the plane, and the clockwise magnetic field generated by the winding located on the left and flowing current into the plane. )
- Direction to strengthen the magnetic flux is to strengthen the magnetic flux.
- a winding through which current flows into a plane is formed on the right side and a winding through which current flows out of the plane is formed on the left side. Since the winding of the second half-cycle 2160 is formed in the opposite direction of the winding of the first half-cycle 2150 and the current flowing, the magnetic field between the two windings is formed in the opposite direction of the second winding arrangement 2120 to enhance magnetic flux. do.
- the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 may be formed of a plurality of layers. It may be formed of a plurality of layers of two or more layers. Although illustrated as four layers in FIG. 10 by way of example, the number of layers is not limited thereto, or additional layers may be further included as necessary.
- the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 may be formed of three layers.
- the first layer of the first half-cycle 2150 may include at least 11 windings through which currents flow in different directions.
- the left winding of the first layer is a winding indicating a current flowing into the plane
- the right winding is a winding indicating a current flowing out of the plane.
- the second layer of the first half cycle 2150 is the same as the winding current direction of the first layer, but is disposed relatively outside the winding of the first layer.
- the third layer of the first half cycle 2150 is opposite to the winding current direction of the second layer. That is, the left winding of the third layer is a winding indicating current flowing out of the plane, and the right winding is a winding indicating current flowing into the plane. On the other hand, the winding of the third layer is disposed relatively inside than the winding of the second layer.
- the fourth layer of the first half cycle 2150 is the same as the winding current direction of the third layer, but is disposed relatively outside the winding of the third layer.
- first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 may be formed as a lower layer and an upper layer.
- the lower layer may correspond to the first layer of FIG. 10
- the upper layer may correspond to the third layer of FIG. 10. It is composed of only the first layer and the third layer, and may not include the second layer and the fourth layer.
- the current directions of the first half cycle 2150 and the second half cycle 2160 shown in FIG. 10 are illustratively shown for explanation, and are not limited thereto, and the above-described relationship in the current direction changing with time And the direction of current in the winding can change over time.
- the relative position of the windings or the number of windings in each layer shown in FIG. 10 are illustratively shown for explanation, and the position or number of windings is not limited thereto and is not contrary to the spirit of the present invention. You can change it.
- the first winding arrangement 2110 may be formed in a winding structure having the above-described current distribution.
- the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 are illustratively illustrated as a stacked winding structure 2130 or a horizontal stacked winding structure 2140 and a vertical stacked winding structure 2145.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and if necessary, a planar structure having a current distribution shown in FIG. 10 may be substituted for the three-dimensional stacked structure.
- the winding arrangement 2100 has a structure in which a magnetic flux is strengthened in one direction and a magnetic flux is canceled in the other direction. That is, referring to FIG. 10, the magnetic flux of the first winding arrangement 2110 and the second winding arrangement 2120 is strengthened toward one side facing each other in the z-axis direction, and the magnetic flux is relatively canceled or almost negligible in other directions. Appear enough to be. Accordingly, the winding arrangement 2100 according to the present invention has an effect of minimizing a leakage magnetic field outside the region of interest.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention as a set of two phase difference winding arrangements.
- a winding arrangement 2200 includes a winding arrangement set 2201 for phase A and a winding arrangement set 2202 for phase B having a phase difference of 90 degrees from each other.
- the two sets of winding arrangements may have different phases or may have the same phase.
- the winding arrangement 2200 interposes the winding arrangement set 2202 for phase B to the winding arrangement set 2201 for phase A so as to alternate the sets.
- a moving magnetic field may be formed by sequentially supplying a time-varying current to the winding array set 2201 for phase A and the winding array set 2202 for phase B with a phase difference.
- a moving electromagnetic field can produce the same effect as the stator of an electromagnetic machine.
- FIG. 11 although the phase of the winding arrangement 2200 is shown as two phases, it is not limited thereto, and a three or more phase winding arrangement is also possible by adding sets and alternately overlapping them as needed.
- FIG. 12 is an exemplary cross-sectional view schematically showing a current flow and a magnetic flux magnitude according to a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the winding arrangement 2300 includes a first winding arrangement 2310 and a second winding arrangement 2320.
- the second winding arrangement 2320 is shown in FIG. 10 and is the same as the above-described winding arrangement, but the first winding arrangement 2310 is shown in FIG. 12 and is a Halbach Array, which is a special structure of the above-described winding arrangement. ) Can be placed.
- the magnetic flux is strengthened between the first winding arrangement 2310 and the second winding arrangement 2320, and the magnetic flux may be relatively negligibly small or canceled out. Meanwhile, in FIG.
- the first winding arrangement 2310 is illustrated in a Halbach arrangement, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second winding arrangement 2320 is used as a Halbach arrangement, or the first winding arrangement 2310 and Both of the second winding arrangement 2320 may be used in a Halbach arrangement.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary winding arrangement structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the first winding arrangement 2410 and the second winding arrangement 2420 repeat the same structure for each spatial period along the x-axis direction.
- the first winding arrangement 2410 and the second winding arrangement 2420 extend in a direction in which current flows in a periodic structure (ie, a y-axis direction), and a segmented toroid or a segmented solenoid ) Has a current distribution.
- a moving electromagnetic machine including the winding arrangement 2400 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented with an ironless core structure or a minimum number of cores. Therefore, it is expected that efficiency can be maximized, weight and size can be minimized, and core loss due to the use of iron cores can be reduced by using the minimum iron core in the electromagnetic machine.
- the magnetic field generated by the winding arrangement according to the embodiment of the present invention periodically changes in one direction. All of these attributes are possible only with the winding arrangement according to the embodiment of the present invention without using an iron core.
- the magnetic field generated by the winding arrangement according to the embodiment of the present invention Can be approximated as the following sine wave.
- the spatial period of the mover coil is It can be expressed as This is one of the elements of the winding design of the stator of an electromagnetic machine.
- the stator winding can include several cycles of electromagnetic machinery. That is, the superscript A indicates the winding (phase) A.
- the magnetic flux density is mostly strengthening in the z-axis direction.
- the magnetic field of the stator can be expressed by the following equation proportional to the stator current.
- winding B phase B
- the winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention may produce different magnetic fluxes.
- Winding (phase) B is better than winding (phase) A
- the magnetic field of the winding (phase) B Can be expressed by the following equation.
- k S is the first winding arrangement (stator) propagation vector
- k S 2 ⁇ / ⁇ S
- the analysis of the winding arrangement according to the embodiment of the present invention is illustratively performed using a two-phase winding structure. Even assuming such a two-phase winding structure, the concept is the same and generality is not impaired.
- This analysis can be extended to a multi-phase winding structure, such as a three-phase winding structure, and the analysis results and conclusions can be equally applied to a multi-phase winding structure.
- the difference between a two-phase system and a three-phase system can be mentioned if necessary.
- a three-phase system requires three sets of windings, commonly called U, V and W windings.
- the V and W windings have a space phase shift of ⁇ S /3 and 2 ⁇ S /3 compared to the U winding.
- the magnetic field generated by the complementary first winding arrangement and the second winding arrangement has the following characteristics:
- the magnetic field between the first winding arrangement and the second winding arrangement is strengthened in one of the z-axis directions (ie, between the winding arrangements). Except for one side where the magnetic field is strengthened, it is almost offset to the other side (ie outside the winding arrangement).
- magnetic fields generated by winding (phase) A and winding (phase) B of the winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention are independently generated and overlapped.
- winding A and winding B are electrically driven with a 90 degree phase difference to generate a moving magnetic field.
- Magnetic field superimposed on these windings A and B Can be expressed by the following equation.
- Equation 4 above may be expressed as the following equation.
- the above magnetic flux density is in the form of a moving magnetic field in which the waveform pattern moves in the positive direction of the x axis along with the next velocity v S.
- the direction of the wave pattern moving in the negative x-axis direction can be changed by changing the sign of the current in the winding pair or by time modulation.
- An electromagnetic machine can be manufactured by providing a mover according to a winding through which current can flow vertically to a magnetic field generated by supplying current through a stator winding including a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a mobile electromagnetic machine can be constructed using the above-described winding arrangement.
- a mobile electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stator and a mover, wherein the stator includes a first winding arrangement, and the first winding arrangement comprises at least one first half-cycle and at least one formed adjacent to each other.
- a second half period includes at least two windings having different directions in which a current flows, and the first half period and the second half period may have a mirror image in a neighboring direction.
- stator may further include a second winding arrangement formed to be spaced apart from the first winding arrangement at a predetermined interval and having a mirror image in the spaced apart direction
- the mover may further include the first winding arrangement and the It can be formed between the second winding arrangement.
- the mover may be formed to be spaced apart from the first winding array at a predetermined distance, and may include a second winding array having a mirror image in a spaced direction. That is, the first winding arrangement and the second winding arrangement of the winding arrangement according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a stator or a mover, respectively.
- the mover may be a rotor.
- x m is the x-direction coordinate of the second winding arrangement (mover), and the x-direction coordinate of the first winding arrangement (stator) can be expressed as x S.
- a current on the mover is generated and the current can move relative to the mover (or may be a rotor).
- the sinusoidal distribution of current can be realized by stacking very small wire loops together, and the number of wires per unit length can be expressed by the following equation.
- Silver cycle Is a periodic function. For example, Is any initial phase value of the mover.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an interaction between a magnetic field and a current generated by the winding arrangement structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the Lorentz force generated in a wire through which a current flows due to an interaction between a magnetic field and a current generated by the winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention can be expressed by the following equation in the x-axis direction.
- the force generated in the stator is the same size every half cycle along the x-axis direction, but in the opposite direction.
- x m is assumed that the moving at a speed v m for x S.
- the relationship is as follows.
- the force per cycle can be calculated as follows.
- Equation 14 may be summarized as follows.
- Equation 25 The first term in Equation 25 changes rapidly in both space and time. Regardless of time, the average value disappears when the force is accumulated over many spatial periods. Spatial cycle
- the sugar force (M is large enough and integrated over M cycles) can be expressed by the following equation:
- the periodic average force for any periodic current distribution can be calculated. This results in the same result as the harmonic components of the same Fourier series expansion are generated as the current average value of 0.
- the moving magnetic field generated in the mover means that the synthesized magnetic field is synchronized with the moving magnetic field generated by the stator. Since the spatial periods of the mover and stator have the same value, magnetic poles of the mover and stator are attracted to the opposite side, so that the magnetic flux paths are synchronized and field-locked with each other.
- the magnetic flux binding positions the mover in the equilibrium position.
- a magnetic force is generated and the mover moves to the equilibrium position.
- an external force or torque is applied to the mover, the magnetic force due to the pulling motion of the opposite magnetic pole corresponds to the external force.
- the position of the mover changes according to the external force.
- the magnitude of the reaction is proportional to the product of the stator current and the mover current, and the total magnetic force or torque is proportional to the number of space periods.
- a steady state force is generated in the mover from the interaction of the stator and the mover (or rotor), and the force is pushing the mover against friction.
- the power supply machine of the stator and the mover supplies power to move the mover for a steady state or slow acceleration against friction. In this case, maximum force occurs.
- the moving electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention When used as a motor, the following conditions are maintained while current is supplied.
- the phosphorus condition is a steady state condition when the mover (rotor) is being pushed by an external force.
- Negative force means that work is performed by external force. That is, when the mobile electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is operating as a generator. Electric power is generated because current flows through the mover winding.
- the mover moves at a velocity v m , and the current moves at a velocity (v S ) equal to the magnetic field generated by the stator.
- v S velocity
- the mover maintains a fixed position.
- the axis of the mover (rotor) moves in v S -v m .
- the rotor (rotor) shaft rotation speed is the sum of the stator magnetic rotation speed and the mover (rotor) magnetic rotation speed.
- Magnetic field of the stator can be expressed by the following equation is to move at a speed v S.
- the mover moves at a very slow acceleration or when the force is balanced with an external force, at this time moving at a constant speed.
- 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention applied in a horizontal direction with a stacked winding.
- a winding arrangement 2600 has a stacked winding and is implemented in a periodic structure in the x-axis direction.
- the winding arrangement 2600 is implemented with a first winding arrangement 2610 and a second winding arrangement 2620 spaced apart by a predetermined interval in the z-axis direction.
- the magnetic flux density is strengthened in one direction between the first winding array 2610 and the second winding array 2620, and the directions inside the first winding array 2610 and the second winding array 2620 face each other. Otherwise, the magnetic flux density is canceled, and leakage magnetic field can be minimized from the outside.
- 16 is an exemplary cross-sectional view schematically showing a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention applied in a three-dimensional structure with a stacked winding.
- a winding arrangement 2700 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a stacked winding and is implemented in a circular shape.
- the winding arrangement 2700 according to the embodiment of the present invention is spaced apart by a predetermined interval in a radial direction, and the first winding arrangement 2710 and the second winding arrangement 2720 are the same for each spatial period along the tangential direction.
- the first winding arrangement 2710 and the second winding arrangement 2720 are implemented to be complementary to each other. That is, the first winding arrangement 2710 can be viewed as having a mirror image of the second winding arrangement 2720 and the current distribution based on the tangent direction.
- the magnetic flux density is strengthened on one side between them in the radial direction, and the magnetic flux density is canceled on the other side outside them.
- first winding arrangement 2710 and the second winding arrangement 2720 are exemplarily shown to have substantially the same size because they are arranged on a circumference and have a short size, but are not limited thereto and the scope of the present invention is not impaired. It is also possible to reduce the size of the inner circumferential winding array or increase the size of the outer circumferential winding array as needed.
- 17 is a simulation result diagram for a structure in which a three-dimensional structure is applied to a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the simulation result is calculated using the Python program and based on the Biot-Savart law. Referring to FIG. 17, the results obtained near the middle of the air gap for the first winding arrangement 2710 and the second winding arrangement 2720 of the winding arrangement 2700 shown in FIG. 16 are shown. Therefore, the magnetic flux is strengthened in the radial direction at the center of the air gap between the first winding array 2710 and the second winding array 2720, and the magnetic flux is increased in the axial or tangential direction. Relatively few.
- FIG. 18 is a simulation result diagram for a structure in which a three-dimensional structure is applied to a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the results obtained from the first winding arrangement 2710 and the second winding arrangement 2720 of the winding arrangement 2700 shown in FIG. 16 outside the region of interest having the size of half the air gap are shown. Therefore, it is confirmed that there is almost no leakage magnetic flux in all directions. Meanwhile, the region of interest refers to an interior thereof including the first winding arrangement 2710 and the second winding arrangement 2720.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention applied with a planar winding structure.
- a winding arrangement 2800 periodically implements a planar winding structure in the x-axis and z-axis directions. At this time, in the winding arrangement 2800, the magnetic field is strengthened in the + direction of the z axis, and the magnetic field is relatively weakened in the-direction.
- FIG. 20 is an exemplary cross-sectional view schematically showing a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention applied in a three-dimensional structure with a planar winding structure.
- a winding arrangement 2900 has a planar winding structure and is implemented in a circular shape.
- the winding arrangement 2900 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is implemented with a first winding arrangement 2910 and a second winding arrangement 2920 that are spaced apart from each other in a radial direction and are complementary to each other.
- FIG. 21 is a simulation result diagram for a structure in which a winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention is three-dimensionally applied with a planar winding structure.
- a strong magnetic field is shown in a radial direction near the center of the air gap among a region of interest, and a magnetic field is negligibly canceled in the axial or tangential direction.
- the mobile electromagnetic machine using the winding arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention strengthens a magnetic field on one side in a region of interest and hardly causes a leakage magnetic field outside the region of interest.
- the mobile electromagnetic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention can minimize or minimize its size and weight, reduce core loss, overcome performance limitations, etc. by not using or using an iron core to a minimum.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 다상 권선을 포함하는 고정자;다상 권선을 포함하고, 상기 고정자와 소정 간격으로 이격되는 이동자; 및상기 고정자의 제1 자기장 및 상기 이동자의 제2 자기장을 독립적으로 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는 전자기 기계.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 고정자의 다상 권선에 인가되는 제1 전류 및 상기 이동자의 다상 권선에 인가되는 제2 전류를 제어함으로써 상기 제1 자기장 및 상기 제2 자기장을 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 전류 및 상기 제2 전류의 위상 및 진폭을 개별 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,직접 와이어링 방식, 슬립링(1slip-ring) 방식, 및 무선 유도 결합 방식 중 적어도 하나의 방식으로 상기 고정자의 다상 권선에 상기 제1 전류를 인가하거나 상기 이동자의 다상 권선에 상기 제2 전류를 인가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 전자기 기계를 구동 초기, 상기 고정자의 제1 자기장 및 상기 이동자의 제2 자기장이 서로 결속되도록 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 자기장 및 상기 제2 자기장의 이동 방향을 동일 방향 또는 반대 방향으로 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 이동자는,회전축에 연결되어 상기 회전축을 중심으로 회전하는 회전자인 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 고정자의 제1 자기장 및 상기 이동자의 제2 자기장이 서로 결속을 유지하며 상기 제1 자기장 및 상기 제2 자기장을 개별 제어함으로써, 상기 회전축의 토크 및 속도를 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전자기 기계는 선형 전자기 기계 또는 회전 전자기 기계인 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고정자는 제1 권선 배열을 포함하고,상기 이동자는 상기 제1 권선 배열과 소정의 간격으로 이격되어 형성되고, 이격된 방향에서 미러 이미지를 가지는 제2 권선 배열을 포함하며,상기 제1 권선 배열은 서로 이웃하여 형성되는 적어도 하나의 제1 반주기 및 적어도 하나의 제2 반주기를 포함하고,상기 제1 반주기는 전류가 흐르는 방향이 서로 다른 적어도 두 개의 권선을 포함하되,상기 제1 반주기 및 상기 제2 반주기는 이웃하는 방향에서 미러 이미지를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 반주기를 형성하는 두 개의 권선 사이에서 형성되는 자기장의 방향과 상기 제2 반주기를 형성하는 두 개의 권선 사이에서 형성되는 자기장의 방향이 서로 반대인 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 반주기는,전류가 흐르는 방향이 서로 다른 적어도 두 개의 권선을 포함하고, 상기 제2 권선 배열과 인접하는 제1층;상기 제1층의 권선구조와 동일한 전류 방향을 가지나 상기 제1층 권선구조보다 바깥쪽에 위치한 제2층 권선 구조를 포함하고, 상기 제1층 상부에 위치하는 제2층; 및상기 제2층 권선구조와 서로 반대 방향의 전류 방향을 가지나 상기 제2층 권선구조보다 안쪽에 위치한 제3층 권선 구조를 포함하고, 상기 제2층 상부에 위치하는 제3층을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 제3층의 권선구조와 동일한 전류 방향을 가지나 상기 제3층 권선구조보다 바깥쪽에 위치한 제4층 권선 구조를 포함하고, 상기 제3층 상부에 위치하는 제4층을 더 포함하는 전자기 기계.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 반주기는,전류가 흐르는 방향이 서로 다른 적어도 두 개의 권선을 포함하고, 상기 제2 권선 배열과 인접하는 하층;상기 하층 권선구조와 서로 반대 방향의 전류 방향을 가지는 상층 권선 구조를 포함하고, 상기 하층 상부에 위치하는 상층을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이동 전자기 기계.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 권선 배열은 복수의 제1 반주기 및 복수의 제2 반주기를 포함하되,상기 제1 반주기 및 상기 제2 반주기는 이웃하는 방향으로 주기적으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전자기 기계.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 권선 배열 또는 상기 제2 권선 배열은,상기 전류가 흐르는 방향에 따라 길이가 연장되고, 분절된 토로이드(1Toroid)나 분절된 솔레노이드(1Solenoid) 전류 분포를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이동 전자기 기계.
- 제 1 항의 전자기 기계를 포함하는 자기장 동기 결합(1Field Lock) 이중여자 전자기 기계 시스템.
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JP2021546392A JP7541987B2 (ja) | 2019-02-09 | 2020-02-10 | 多重多相巻線磁場ロックを利用する電磁機械 |
EP20752221.0A EP3923462A4 (en) | 2019-02-09 | 2020-02-10 | ELECTROMAGNETIC MACHINE WITH MAGNETIC FIELD WINDING OF SEVERAL MULTI-PHASE WIRE WINDINGS |
US17/429,539 US11777384B2 (en) | 2019-02-09 | 2020-02-10 | Electromagnetic machine using magnetic field binding of multiple multi-phase winding wires |
CN202080022550.7A CN113615067A (zh) | 2019-02-09 | 2020-02-10 | 利用多重多相线圈磁场锁定的电磁机械 |
KR1020217029005A KR20210121254A (ko) | 2019-02-09 | 2020-02-10 | 다중 다상권선 자가장 결속을 이용하는 전자기기계 |
US18/448,822 US20230387769A1 (en) | 2019-02-09 | 2023-08-11 | Electromagnetic machine using magnetic field binding of multiple multi-phase winding wires |
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US18/448,822 Continuation US20230387769A1 (en) | 2019-02-09 | 2023-08-11 | Electromagnetic machine using magnetic field binding of multiple multi-phase winding wires |
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US11777384B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
CN113615067A (zh) | 2021-11-05 |
US20220140711A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
KR20210121254A (ko) | 2021-10-07 |
EP3923462A4 (en) | 2022-11-23 |
US20230387769A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
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EP3923462A1 (en) | 2021-12-15 |
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