WO2020158397A1 - 積層体、光学フィルム、ならびに画像表示装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
積層体、光学フィルム、ならびに画像表示装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020158397A1 WO2020158397A1 PCT/JP2020/001146 JP2020001146W WO2020158397A1 WO 2020158397 A1 WO2020158397 A1 WO 2020158397A1 JP 2020001146 W JP2020001146 W JP 2020001146W WO 2020158397 A1 WO2020158397 A1 WO 2020158397A1
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- pressure
- sensitive adhesive
- adhesive layer
- polarizing plate
- laminate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J4/00—Adhesives based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; adhesives, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09J183/00 - C09J183/16
- C09J4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09J159/00 - C09J187/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B2037/1253—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives curable adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate including a polarizing plate and an adhesive layer, an optical film and an image display device including the same, and a method for manufacturing the image display device.
- liquid crystal display devices Due to the image formation method, liquid crystal display devices (LCD) have polarizing plates attached to both sides or one side of the liquid crystal cell.
- a polarizing plate usually, a polyvinyl alcohol-based film is adsorbed with a dichroic material such as iodine or a dichroic dye, and a polarizing film obtained by adhering a protective film such as a triacetyl cellulose film to both surfaces of a polarizer that is stretched and oriented. Films are commonly used.
- a polarizing plate is attached to a panel, a pressure sensitive adhesive is usually used, and a pressure sensitive adhesive layer-attached polarizing plate in which a pressure sensitive adhesive layer is provided in advance on one side of the polarizing plate is generally used.
- peeling durability As a required characteristic of the adhesive used for the polarizing plate, long-term adhesion (peeling durability) when the polarizing plate with the adhesive layer is attached to the panel is required. For example, it is required that problems such as peeling and floating due to the adhesive do not occur even in a high temperature and high humidity environment.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive is required to have removability (reworkability) that allows the polarizing plate to be easily peeled off from the panel without adhesive residue after a lapse of a certain time from application.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-attached polarizing plate designed to have low tackiness immediately after being bonded to an adherend and to have increased adhesive force after heating.
- the present inventors can solve the above-mentioned problems with a laminate in which a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a base polymer, a photocuring agent and a specific photopolymerization initiator is laminated on a polarizing plate. This has led to the completion of the present invention.
- the present invention includes the following embodiments.
- the ultraviolet absorber contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a benzophenone compound, an oxalic acid anilide compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, a benzotriazole compound, and a triazine compound, [1] to [ 8] The laminate according to any one of [8].
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition contains 1 to 50 parts by weight of the photocuring agent and 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of the photopolymerization initiator with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base polymer.
- the laminated body in any one of [9].
- the present invention has one or more of the following effects.
- a laminate that can be used as a polarizing plate with an adhesive layer is provided.
- the laminate of the present invention is suitably used for an image display device such as an optical film and a liquid crystal display device (LCD).
- the adhesive force of the laminate of the present invention can be increased by photo-curing the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer after adhesion to an adherend such as a panel.
- the adhesive force is increased after photocuring to provide excellent long-term adhesion (peeling durability).
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that constitutes the laminate of the present invention is a photo-curable type, and the timing of curing after bonding to an adherend can be set arbitrarily, so that it is possible to flexibly respond to the lead time of the process. is there.
- One embodiment of the present invention includes a polarizing plate containing an ultraviolet absorber and an adhesive layer on at least one surface of the polarizing plate, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a base polymer, a photocuring agent, and 380 nm.
- a laminate which is a layer formed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a photopolymerization initiator having a molar extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 15 [L mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ] or more.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-attached polarizing film using a laminate.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-attached polarizing film 10 is configured to include a laminate 6 including the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 on one main surface of the polarizing plate 3.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 is fixedly laminated on one main surface of the polarizing plate 3.
- the polarizing plate 3 is configured as a polarizing film including a polarizer 1 and transparent protective films 2 and 2 ′ formed on both surfaces of the polarizer 1, and the transparent protective films 2 and 2 ′ have ultraviolet absorption properties.
- the agent is included.
- the transparent protective film may be provided on only one side of the polarizer.
- the ultraviolet absorber may be contained in only one of the transparent protective films.
- the polarizer 1 and the transparent protective films 2 and 2′ may be laminated with an intervening layer such as an adhesive layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and an undercoat layer (primer layer) interposed therebetween. ..
- the ultraviolet absorber may be contained in other layers constituting the polarizing plate (eg, adhesive layer, pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, undercoat layer, etc.).
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 is a photocurable pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a base polymer, a photocuring agent, and a photopolymerization initiator having a molar extinction coefficient of 15 [L mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ] or more at a wavelength of 380 nm. It is photo-cured by the irradiation of actinic rays, and the adhesive force (peeling strength) with the adherend increases.
- the polarizing plate 10 with an adhesive layer is used by attaching the adhesive layer 4 to an adherend.
- a separator 5 is temporarily attached to the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-attached polarizing film 10 shown in FIG.
- the separator 5 for example, a sheet-shaped base material (liner base material) which has a release layer provided with a release treatment agent on one surface so that the one surface serves as a release surface can be preferably used.
- the separator 5 Prior to bonding to an adherend, the separator 5 is peeled off from the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4, and the exposed surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 is bonded to the surface of the adherend, whereby the laminate 6 is adhered. Is temporarily put on.
- the thickness of the separator 5 is usually 3 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably about 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the polarizing film 10 with an adhesive layer is wound to form an adhesive layer.
- the adhesive surface of No. 4 that does not face the polarizing plate 3 may be in contact with and protected by the surface of the polarizing plate 3 that does not face the adhesive layer 4 (roll form).
- the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 is exposed and the exposed surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 is bonded to the surface of the adherend, whereby the laminate 6 is temporarily adhered to the adherend. To be done.
- the laminated body 6 is laminated on the surface of the body.
- the polarizing plate 3 is temporarily attached to the adherend via the adhesive layer 4.
- the adherend and the polarizing plate 3 are fixed to each other via the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4.
- "fixing" means that the two laminated layers are firmly adhered to each other, and peeling at the interface between them is impossible or difficult.
- Temporal adhesion is a state in which the adhesive force between the two laminated layers is small and the layers can be easily separated at the interface between the two layers.
- members constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-attached polarizing plate 10 according to the above embodiment will be described.
- the polarizing plate contains an ultraviolet absorber.
- the configuration of the polarizing plate is not particularly limited, but the polarizing plate preferably has a polarizer and a transparent protective film on at least one surface of the polarizer.
- the polarizer is not particularly limited, and various kinds can be used. Examples of the polarizer include hydrophilic polymer films such as polyvinyl alcohol films, partially formalized polyvinyl alcohol films, and ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer partially saponified films, and dichroic dyes such as iodine and dichroic dyes.
- Examples thereof include polyene-based oriented films such as substances adsorbed and uniaxially stretched, polyvinyl alcohol dehydration products, polyvinyl chloride dehydrochlorination products, and the like.
- a polarizer made of a polyvinyl alcohol film and a dichroic substance such as iodine is preferable.
- the thickness of these polarizers is not particularly limited, but is generally 2 to 25 ⁇ m.
- a polarizer obtained by dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol-based film with iodine and uniaxially stretching can be prepared, for example, by dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol-based film by immersing it in an aqueous solution of iodine and stretching it to 3 to 7 times its original length. it can. If necessary, it can also be immersed in an aqueous solution of potassium iodide, which may contain boric acid, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride or the like. Further, if necessary, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be immersed in water and washed with water before dyeing.
- Stretching may be performed after dyeing with iodine, stretching while dyeing, or stretching and then dyeing with iodine. Stretching can be performed in an aqueous solution of boric acid or potassium iodide or in a water bath.
- the transparent protective film is not particularly limited, and various types can be used.
- a material forming the transparent protective film a material excellent in transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture barrier property, isotropy and the like is preferable.
- polyester-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate
- cellulose-based polymers such as diacetyl cellulose and triacetyl cellulose
- acrylic-based polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate
- styrenes such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS resin).
- Polymers Polycarbonate polymers; Polyolefin polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, cycloolefin polymers, polyolefins having a norbornene structure, ethylene/propylene copolymers; Vinyl chloride polymers; Amide polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamides; Imide polymer; Sulfone polymer; Polyether sulfone polymer; Polyether ether ketone polymer; Polyphenylene sulfide polymer; Vinyl alcohol polymer; Vinylidene chloride polymer; Vinyl butyral polymer; Arylate polymer; Polyoxymethylene polymer An epoxy polymer or a blend of the above polymers. These protective films are usually attached to the polarizer with an adhesive layer.
- a (meth)acrylic, urethane-based, acrylurethane-based, epoxy-based, or silicone-based thermosetting resin or ultraviolet curable resin is used, and these are applied to a polarizer and cured. It can be formed by
- a retardation film can be used as the transparent protective film.
- the retardation film include those having a front surface retardation of 40 nm or more and/or a thickness direction retardation of 80 nm or more.
- the front retardation is usually controlled in the range of 40 to 200 nm
- the thickness direction retardation is usually controlled in the range of 80 to 300 nm.
- the retardation film also functions as a polarizer protective film, so that the thickness can be reduced.
- the retardation film include a birefringent film obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching a thermoplastic resin film. The stretching temperature, the stretching ratio, etc. are appropriately set depending on the retardation value, the material of the film, and the thickness.
- the thickness of the transparent protective film can be appropriately determined, but in general, it is preferably 3 to 200 ⁇ m in view of strength, workability such as handleability, and thin layer property. As the thickness increases, the amount of light transmission tends to decrease and the reaction of the polymerization initiator tends to be delayed. Members such as polarizers and panels tend to deteriorate as the thickness decreases. From this point of view, 5 to 100 ⁇ m is more preferable, and 5 to 80 ⁇ m is further preferable.
- the transparent protective film may be used in a plurality of layers or a plurality of layers.
- a functional layer such as a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, an antisticking layer, a diffusion layer or an antiglare layer can be provided on the surface of the transparent protective film to which the polarizer is not adhered.
- the functional layers such as the hard coat layer, the antireflection layer, the sticking prevention layer, the diffusion layer, and the antiglare layer can be provided on the transparent protective film itself, or separately, separately from the transparent protective film. You can also An adhesive layer may be provided on the surface of the functional layer such as the hard coat layer, antireflection layer, antisticking layer, diffusion layer, or antiglare layer.
- the transparent protective film and the polarizer may be laminated via an intervening layer such as an adhesive layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and an undercoat layer (primer layer).
- the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as it is optically transparent, and can be composed of various types of adhesives such as water-based, solvent-based, hot melt-based and active energy ray-curable adhesives.
- An easily adhesive layer may be provided between the transparent protective film and the adhesive layer.
- the ultraviolet absorber is included in the polarizing plate mainly for suppressing the deterioration of the constituent members (for example, the polarizer) of the image display device due to the incident ultraviolet light. Above all, since the polarizer is easily affected by ultraviolet light, the ultraviolet absorber is preferably contained in the transparent protective film adjacent to the polarizer.
- the ultraviolet absorber is not particularly limited, and various types can be used. Specific examples include benzophenone-based compounds, oxalic acid anilide-based compounds, cyanoacrylate-based compounds, benzotriazole-based compounds, and triazine-based compounds.
- the ultraviolet absorbers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- triazine compounds are particularly preferable.
- the triazine-based compound can obtain a sufficient ultraviolet absorbing effect with a small addition amount, and can prevent bleed-out and the like during film formation.
- benzophenone compound examples include 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 2,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n- Examples thereof include octyloxybenzophenone, bis(5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)methane, and 1,4-bis(4-benzoyl-3-hydroxyphenone)-butane.
- oxalic acid anilide compound examples include N-(2-ethylphenyl)-N'-(2-ethoxy-phenyl)oxalic acid amide and N-(2-dodecylphenyl)-N'-(2-ethoxy- Phenyl) oxalic acid amide and the like.
- Examples of the cyanoacrylate compound include octyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate.
- benzotriazole compound examples include 2-(3,5-di-tert-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3-dodecyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2 -(3,5-Di-(2-methyloctane-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3-tert-methyl-5-(octoxycarbonylethyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl) Benzotriazole, 2,2'-methylenebis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenol], 2-(3,5-di- tert-Butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-p-cresol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6- Bis(1-methyl-
- the triazine compound is not particularly limited, and various compounds can be used.
- the triazine compounds described in WO 2005/109052 and JP 2009-52021 A can be preferably used.
- Examples of commercially available triazine-based compounds include Tinuvin 1577, Tinuvin 460, Tinuvin 477 (manufactured by BASF Japan).
- Examples of commercially available benzotriazole compounds include ADEKA STAB LA-31 (manufactured by ADEKA) and TINUVIN 326 (manufactured by BASF Japan).
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber is not particularly limited. For example, it is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 7% by weight, still more preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the transparent protective film (100% by weight).
- the polarizing plate preferably has a light transmittance of 20% or less at a wavelength of 380 nm. Since the polarizing plate has such UV absorbing ability, deterioration of the polarizer can be suppressed even when the adhesive layer is photo-cured by irradiating energy active rays from the polarizing plate side.
- the lower limit of the light transmittance of the wavelength of 380 nm is not particularly limited, but for example, in order to accelerate the photo-curing reaction by the polymerization initiator and sufficiently exhibit the function of the adhesive by increasing the adhesive force after photo-curing, 1% The above is preferable.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is more preferably 1 to 20%, further preferably 1 to 15%, particularly preferably 1.5 to 12%.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm can be measured using a spectrophotometer.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the present invention can cure the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer by irradiating an energy actinic ray from the polarizing plate side having such UV absorption ability by containing a photopolymerization initiator described later. (thickness)
- the thickness of the polarizing plate is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is a layer formed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a base polymer, a photocuring agent, a photopolymerization initiator, and, if necessary, a sensitizer.
- the adhesive layer is a photocurable adhesive.
- the adhesive layer may undergo a photocuring reaction by irradiation with energy actinic rays, and thus the adhesive force to an adherend may be improved.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be a cured layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a base polymer, a photocuring agent, a photopolymerization initiator, and optionally a sensitizer.
- the adhesive layer contains a curing reaction product of a base polymer and a photo-curing agent.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably one that can be cured by irradiation with energy actinic rays in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 450 nm. Since the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a small adhesive force with the polarizing plate before photocuring, reworking is easy.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an increased adhesive force with an adherend due to photocuring, and is excellent in long-term adhesiveness (peeling durability).
- the thermosetting adhesive may be cured over time in the storage state, whereas the photocurable adhesive hardly undergoes curing in a general storage environment. Cured by irradiation.
- the laminated body of the present invention has an advantage that the curing timing of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be set arbitrarily and can flexibly correspond to the lead time of the process.
- the adhesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer after curing is greater than the adhesive strength before curing.
- the method for measuring the adhesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer before or after curing is not particularly limited.
- the adhesive force of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer before and after curing is the adhesive force of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to the alkali-free glass before and after curing by 90 degree peeling at a speed of 300 mm/min (before curing of the alkali-free glass. T1) and the adhesive strength T2) of the non-alkali glass after curing.
- T1 and T2 are the adhesive layers formed on non-alkali glass before and after curing at a peeling angle of 90 degrees in accordance with the JIS Z0237:2009 90° peeling test (ie, It is measured as the adhesive force when peeled from the non-alkali glass under the condition of (in the vertical direction) and a pulling speed of 300 mm/min.
- the ratio of the adhesive force after curing of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to the adhesive force before curing is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, still more preferably 2 or more, from the viewpoint of reworkability and adhesion.
- the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer before curing by 90 degree peeling at a speed of 300 mm/min against the alkali-free glass facilitates reworking and eliminates adhesive residue after peeling. From the viewpoint of prevention, it is preferably 7 N/25 mm or less, more preferably 6 N/25 mm or less, further preferably 5 N/25 mm or less, still more preferably less than 5 N/25 mm, and particularly preferably 3 N/25 mm or less.
- the adhesive strength (T1) of the alkali-free glass before curing is preferably 0.1 N/25 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 N/25 mm or more, and 0.7 N or more. /25 mm or more is more preferable.
- the adhesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to the alkali-free glass after curing at 90° peeling at a speed of 300 mm/min is long-term adhesion (peel strength, peeling durability). From the viewpoint of excellent property) and reliability of adhesion to an adherend, 5 N/25 mm or more is preferable, 6 N/25 mm or more is more preferable, and 8 N/25 mm or more is further preferable.
- the upper limit is not limited, but it is usually 20 N/25 mm or less.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is, for example, about 1 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the total light transmittance of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, still more preferably 90% or more.
- the haze of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably 2% or less, more preferably 1% or less, further preferably 0.7% or less, and particularly preferably 0.5% or less.
- the composition of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as the adhesive force to the adherend is improved by photocuring.
- the base polymer is the main constituent of the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, and is the main factor that determines the adhesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive. From the viewpoint of making the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer before photocuring hard and facilitating the peeling from the adherend at the time of reworking, it is preferable that a crosslinked structure is introduced into the base polymer.
- the type of the base polymer is not particularly limited, and an acrylic polymer, a silicone polymer, a urethane polymer, a rubber polymer or the like may be appropriately selected. As the base polymer, one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be selected and used.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition preferably contains an acrylic polymer as a base polymer, since it has excellent optical transparency and adhesiveness and can easily control various properties such as frictional force. It is preferable that 50% by weight or more (more preferably 60% by weight or more, further preferably 70% by weight) of the acrylic polymer.
- (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester As the acrylic polymer, those containing (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester as a main monomer component are preferably used.
- (meth)acryl means acryl and/or methacryl.
- the content of the (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester is preferably 40% by weight or more, more preferably 50% by weight or more, and further preferably 55% by weight or more with respect to the total amount (100% by weight) of the monomer components constituting the acrylic polymer. preferable.
- a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably used.
- the alkyl group of the (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester may be linear or branched.
- alkyl (meth)acrylates include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, s-butyl (meth)acrylate, ( (Meth) t-butyl acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, isopentyl (meth) acrylate, neopentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, heptyl (meth) acrylate, 2-(meth) acrylate Ethylhexyl, octyl (meth)acrylate, isooctyl (meth)acrylate, nonyl (meth)acrylate, isononyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, isodecyl (meth)acrylate, undecyl (meth)acrylate Dodecyl (
- the acrylic polymer preferably contains a monomer component having a crosslinkable functional group as a copolymerization component.
- the monomer having a crosslinkable functional group include a hydroxy group-containing monomer and a carboxy group-containing monomer. Above all, it is preferable to contain a hydroxy group-containing monomer as a copolymerization component of the base polymer.
- the hydroxy group and carboxy group of the base polymer serve as reaction points with the crosslinking agent described below.
- hydroxy group-containing monomer examples include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth)acrylate, (meth) Examples thereof include 8-hydroxyoctyl acrylate, 10-hydroxydecyl (meth)acrylate, 12-hydroxylauryl (meth)acrylate, and 4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl) (meth)acrylate.
- carboxy group-containing monomer examples include (meth)acrylic acid, 2-carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate, carboxypentyl carboxypentyl (meth)acrylate, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and crotonic acid.
- the total amount of the hydroxy group-containing monomer and the carboxy group-containing monomer is preferably 1 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 3 to 25% by weight, based on the total amount (100% by weight) of the constituent monomer components. More preferably, it is more preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
- the content of the (meth)acrylic acid ester containing a hydroxy group is preferably in the above range.
- the acrylic polymer has N-vinylpyrrolidone, methylvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyridine, vinylpiperidone, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperazine, vinylpyrazine, vinylpyrrole, vinylimidazole, vinyloxazole, vinylmorpholine, N-acryloylmorpholine, as constituent monomer components. It is preferable to contain a nitrogen-containing monomer such as N-vinylcarboxylic acid amides and N-vinylcaprolactam. Acrylic polymers containing nitrogen-containing monomer components exhibit moderate water absorption under a humid heat environment and local water absorption of the adhesive is suppressed, so local whitening, local swelling and peeling of the adhesive layer Contribute to the prevention of such.
- the content of the nitrogen-containing monomer is preferably 1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 3 to 25% by weight, and more preferably 5 to 20% by weight based on the total amount (100% by weight) of the constituent monomer components. % Is more preferable.
- the acrylic polymer particularly preferably contains N-vinylpyrrolidone in the above range as the nitrogen-containing monomer.
- the acrylic polymer preferably contains a hydroxy group-containing monomer and a nitrogen-containing monomer as monomer components.
- the acrylic polymer contains both a hydroxy group-containing monomer and a nitrogen-containing monomer as a monomer component, the cohesive force and transparency of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tend to be enhanced.
- the total amount of the hydroxy group-containing monomer and the nitrogen-containing monomer is preferably 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 40% by weight, based on the total amount (100% by weight) of the constituent monomer components. And more preferably 15 to 35% by weight.
- the acrylic polymer may contain monomer components other than the above (other monomer components).
- the acrylic polymer is a monomer component, for example, a cyano group-containing monomer, vinyl ester monomer, aromatic vinyl monomer, epoxy group-containing monomer, vinyl ether monomer, sulfo group-containing monomer, phosphoric acid group-containing monomer, acid anhydride group-containing monomer. Etc. may be included.
- the content of these other monomer components is preferably 0 to 40% by weight, more preferably 0 to 30% by weight, and 0 to 20% based on the total amount (100% by weight) of the constituent monomer components. More preferably, it is wt %.
- the acrylic polymer is used as a monomer component in an amount of 40 to 99% by weight (preferably 50 to 50% by weight) of the above (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer with respect to the total amount (100% by weight) of the constituent monomer components. 97% by weight, more preferably 55 to 95% by weight), and a monomer having the above-mentioned crosslinkable functional group (preferably the above-mentioned hydroxy group-containing monomer and/or the above-mentioned carboxy group-containing monomer, more preferably the above-mentioned hydroxy group-containing monomer). 1 to 30% by weight (preferably 3 to 25% by weight, more preferably 5 to 20% by weight), 1 to 30% by weight (preferably 3 to 25% by weight, more preferably 5 to 20% by weight) of the above nitrogen-containing monomer. %) included.
- the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer is preferably 100,000 to 5,000,000, more preferably 300,000 to 3,000,000, and further preferably 500,000 to 2,000,000.
- the molecular weight of the base polymer means the molecular weight before the introduction of the crosslinked structure.
- the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer can be measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the high Tg monomer means a monomer having a high glass transition temperature (Tg) of the homopolymer.
- the homopolymer monomers having a Tg of 40° C. or higher include dicyclopentanyl methacrylate (Tg: 175° C.), dicyclopentanyl acrylate (Tg: 120° C.), isobornyl methacrylate (Tg: 173° C.), isobornyl methacrylate.
- (Meth)acrylic monomers such as nyl acrylate (Tg:97°C), methyl methacrylate (Tg:105°C), 1-adamantyl methacrylate (Tg:250°C), 1-adamantyl acrylate (Tg:153°C); acryloylmorpholine (Tg: 145° C.), dimethyl acrylamide (Tg: 119° C.), diethyl acrylamide (Tg: 81° C.), dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (Tg: 134° C.), isopropyl acrylamide (Tg: 134° C.), hydroxyethyl acrylamide (Tg : 98° C.) and other amide group-containing vinyl monomers; N-vinylpyrrolidone (Tg: 54° C.) and the like.
- the content of the monomer having a homopolymer Tg of 40° C. or higher is preferably 5 to 50% by weight, and more preferably 10 to 40% by weight based on the total amount of the constituent monomer components.
- the homopolymer Tg contains a monomer component having a Tg of 80° C. or higher as the monomer component of the base polymer. It is more preferable to include a monomer component at 100° C. or higher.
- the content of methyl methacrylate is preferably in the above range.
- An acrylic polymer as a base polymer can be obtained by polymerizing the above monomer components by various known methods such as solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization and bulk polymerization.
- the solution polymerization method is preferable from the viewpoint of the balance of properties such as adhesive strength and holding power of the pressure-sensitive adhesive and cost.
- a solvent for solution polymerization ethyl acetate, toluene or the like is used.
- the solution concentration is usually about 20 to 80% by weight.
- the polymerization initiator various known ones such as azo type and peroxide type can be used.
- a chain transfer agent may be used to adjust the molecular weight.
- the reaction temperature is usually about 50 to 80° C., and the reaction time is usually about 1 to 8 hours.
- a cross-linking structure is introduced into the base polymer by adding a cross-linking agent to the solution after the polymerization of the base polymer and heating it as necessary.
- the crosslinking agent include an isocyanate crosslinking agent, an epoxy crosslinking agent, an oxazoline crosslinking agent, an aziridine crosslinking agent, a carbodiimide crosslinking agent, and a metal chelate crosslinking agent. These cross-linking agents react with functional groups such as hydroxy groups introduced into the base polymer to form a cross-linked structure.
- polyisocyanate having two or more isocyanate groups in one molecule is preferable.
- the polyisocyanate-based cross-linking agent include lower aliphatic polyisocyanates such as butylene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate; alicyclic isocyanates such as cyclopentylene diisocyanate, cyclohexylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate; Aromatic isocyanates such as diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and xylylene diisocyanate; trimethylol propane/tolylene diisocyanate trimer adduct (eg Tosoh's “Coronate L”), trimethylol propane/hexa Methylene diisocyanate trimer adduct (for example, Tosoh's "Coronate HL”), xylylene diisocyanate trimethylol
- the crosslinking agent one kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be selected and used.
- the amount of the cross-linking agent used may be appropriately adjusted according to the composition and molecular weight of the base polymer.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent used is about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.3 to 7 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base polymer before crosslinking. , And more preferably 1 to 4 parts by weight.
- the reworkability tends to be improved by increasing the amount of the cross-linking agent used as compared with a general acrylic transparent adhesive for optics.
- a crosslinking catalyst may be used to promote the formation of a crosslinked structure.
- the cross-linking catalyst include metal-based cross-linking catalysts (especially tin-based cross-linking catalysts) such as tetra-n-butyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, ferric nacem, butyltin oxide and dioctyltin dilaurate.
- the amount of the crosslinking catalyst used is generally 0.05 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the base polymer.
- the gel fraction is increased by introducing a crosslinked structure into the base polymer.
- the gel fraction of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer before photocuring is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, further preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 65% or more.
- the gel fraction of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer before photocuring may be 70% or more or 75% or more. Since the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains an unreacted photo-curing agent, the gel fraction of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer before photo-curing is generally 90% or less.
- the gel fraction of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer before photocuring is preferably 85% or less, more preferably 80% or less.
- the gel fraction can be obtained as an insoluble matter in a solvent such as ethyl acetate, and specifically, the insoluble component after immersing the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in ethyl acetate at 23° C. for 7 days with respect to the sample before immersion. It is obtained as a weight fraction (unit:% by weight).
- the gel fraction of a polymer is equal to the degree of crosslinking, the more crosslinked portions in the polymer the greater the gel fraction.
- the larger the amount of the photo-curing agent the smaller the gel fraction.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing the photo-curing agent is subjected to photo-curing after being adhered to the adherend, whereby the frictional force is increased and the adhesive force to the adherend is improved.
- a photo-curable monomer or photo-curable oligomer is used as the photo-curing agent.
- the photocuring agent is preferably a compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds in one molecule. Further, the photo-curing agent is preferably a compound showing compatibility with the base polymer.
- the photo-curing agent is preferably a liquid at room temperature because it exhibits an appropriate compatibility with the base polymer.
- an adhesion inhibiting layer (Weak Boundary Layer; WBL; A fragile layer) may be formed.
- WBL the characteristics of the surface (adhesion interface) change while maintaining the characteristics of the bulk of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. That is, when the WBL is formed, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer retains its hardness and the frictional force and the frequency dependence of the frictional force are reduced, so that the peeling at the time of reworking is facilitated and the adhesive residue on the adherend is left. It can be reduced.
- the photo-curing agent reacts and the WBL disappears or the thickness of the WBL becomes thin, so that the adhesive strength is improved. Thereby, excellent reworkability before photocuring and excellent adhesion (peeling durability) after photocuring can be achieved.
- Compatibility of the base polymer and photo-curing agent is mainly influenced by the structure of the compound.
- the structure and compatibility of the compound can be evaluated by, for example, the Hansen solubility parameter, and the smaller the difference in solubility parameter between the base polymer and the photocuring agent, the higher the compatibility tends to be.
- polyfunctional (meth)acrylate polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polytetramethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A ethylene oxide-modified di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A propylene oxide Modified di(meth)acrylate, alkanediol di(meth)acrylate, tricyclodecane dimethanol di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated isocyanuric acid tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol di( (Meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetra(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated pent
- Compatibility of the base polymer and the photo-curing agent depends on the molecular weight of the compound.
- the molecular weight of the photocuring agent is preferably 1,500 or less, more preferably 1,000 or less.
- the type and content of photo-curing agent mainly affect the adhesive strength after photo-curing.
- the functional group equivalent (g/eq) of the photocuring agent is preferably 500 or less, more preferably 450 or less.
- the functional group equivalent of the photocuring agent is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 130 or more, further preferably 150 or more, particularly preferably 180 or more.
- the functional group equivalent of the photo-curing agent is preferably within the above range.
- the content of the photocuring agent in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight, still more preferably 10 to 35 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base polymer.
- the photo-curing agent is likely to bleed out on the surface. The photocuring agent bleeding out on the surface forms WBL and contributes to the reduction of the frictional force of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the adhesive force with the adherend can be appropriately reduced, and the reworkability tends to be improved.
- the transparency and the adhesive strength may decrease. From this viewpoint, it is preferable to control the amount of the photo-curing agent within the above range.
- the photopolymerization initiator generates active species by irradiation with energy actinic rays and accelerates the curing reaction of the photocuring agent.
- the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it has a molar extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 380 nm of 15 [L mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ] or more.
- the molar extinction coefficient of the photopolymerization initiator at a wavelength of 380 nm can be measured using an absorptiometer.
- the molar absorption coefficient of the photopolymerization initiator at a wavelength of 380 nm is preferably 20 [L mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ] or more, more preferably 25 [L mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ] or more.
- the upper limit of the molar extinction coefficient of the photopolymerization initiator at a wavelength of 380 nm is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1000 [L mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ] or less.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention contains an ultraviolet absorber in order to suppress deterioration of the polarizer and the like due to incidence of ultraviolet light.
- the curing reaction usually does not easily proceed.
- a photopolymerization initiator having a specific molar extinction coefficient
- the curing reaction of the photocuring agent can be promoted even when the polarizing plate contains an ultraviolet absorber.
- the adhesive force between the photo-curing pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the adherend is increased, and the long-term adhesion (peeling durability) is improved.
- an initiator having absorption in a long wavelength region is preferable, and examples thereof include oxime compounds, metallocene compounds, acylphosphine compounds, and aminoacetophenone compounds.
- acylphosphine compounds and oxime compounds are preferable in terms of wide-range absorption characteristics (especially, large absorption coefficient of 380 nm or more).
- Examples of the oxime-based compound include compounds described in JP 2001-233842 A, compounds described in JP 2000-80068 A, compounds described in JP 2006-342166 A, JCSPerkin II (1979). pp.1653-1660, JC Perkin II (1979) pp.156-162, Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (1995) pp. Compounds described in each document of 202-232, JP-A-2000-66385, JP-A-2000-80068, JP-A-2004-534797, JP-A-2006-342166, WO2015/36910, WO2017. The compounds described in each of paragraphs 0154 to 0156 of /146152 can be used. In addition, compounds described in Japanese Patent Publication No.
- the cyclic oxime compounds described in JP2007-231000A and JP2007-322744A can also be preferably used.
- the cyclic oxime-based compounds the cyclic oxime-based compounds condensed with a carbazole dye described in JP 2010-32985 A and JP 2010-185072 A have high light absorption and high sensitivity. It is preferable from the viewpoint.
- compounds having an unsaturated bond at a specific site of the oxime compound for example, compounds described in JP 2009-242469 A
- oxime compounds having a fluorine atom for example, described in JP 2010-262028 A
- oxime compounds include oxime ester compounds.
- a commercial item may be used for the oxime compound. Examples of commercially available products include IRGACURE OXE-01 (manufactured by BASF), IRGACURE OXE-02 (manufactured by BASF), TR-PBG-304 (manufactured by Changzhou Power Electronics Co., Ltd.), DFI. -091 (manufactured by Daito Chemix Co., Ltd.) and the like can be used.
- Examples of the metallocene compound include, for example, JP-A-59-152396, JP-A-61-151197, JP-A-63-41484, JP-A-2-249, and JP-A-2-291.
- the titanocene compounds described in paragraphs 0159 to 0153 of JP-A-2-4705 and WO2017/146152 and the iron-arene complexes described in JP-A-1-304453 and 1-152109 are mentioned. be able to.
- a commercial item can be used as a metallocene compound.
- Examples of bis(methylcyclopentadienyl)-Ti-bis(2,6-difluorophenyl) include IRGACURE-727 (manufactured by BASF), and bis(cyclopentadienyl)-bis(2,6).
- Examples of -difluoro-3-(pyrid-1-yl)phenyl)titanium include IRGACURE-784 (manufactured by BASF).
- acylphosphine compound examples include 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide. Further, the acylphosphine oxide-based initiator described in Japanese Patent No. 4225898 can also be used. A commercially available product can be used as the acylphosphine compound. For example, commercially available Omnirad-819 and Omnirad-TPO (trade names: all manufactured by IGM Japan) can be used.
- aminoacetophenone compound for example, the compounds described in JP-A-10-291969 can be used. Further, as the aminoacetophenone-based compound, the compound described in JP-A-2009-191179 in which the maximum absorption wavelength is matched with a long wave region such as 365 nm or 405 nm can also be used. Among them, a preferable aminoacetophenone compound is 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholinopropan-1-one.
- a commercially available product can be used as the aminoacetophenone compound. For example, commercially available products Omnirad-907, Omnirad-369, and Omnirad-379 (trade names: all manufactured by IGM Japan) can be used.
- the photopolymerization initiator may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, more preferably 0.02 to 1 part by weight, and more preferably 0.04 to 0. More preferably 5 parts by weight.
- the light in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is The content of the polymerization initiator is preferably 3 parts by weight or less, more preferably 1 part by weight or less, still more preferably 0.5 part by weight or less.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is preferably 0.01 parts by weight or more, and 0.02 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of sufficiently advancing photocuring by UV irradiation or the like to enhance adhesion reliability. Is more preferable.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may include a sensitizer.
- a sensitizer By using the photopolymerization initiator and the sensitizer together, the reaction rate of the photocuring reaction can be delayed. Therefore, even if the laminated body is stored under visible light irradiation such as a fluorescent lamp after bonding, the initial adhesive force is kept low, and a laminate having excellent reworkability can be obtained.
- the sensitizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include compounds represented by general formula (e1) shown below.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent —H, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , —CH(CH 3 ) 2 or Cl, and R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different. good
- diethylthioxanthone in which R 1 and R 2 are —CH 2 CH 3 is particularly preferable.
- the sensitizers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the sensitizer in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base polymer.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition includes a silane coupling agent, a tackifier, a plasticizer, a softening agent, a deterioration inhibitor, a filler, a colorant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, and a surfactant.
- Additives such as agents and antistatic agents may be contained within a range that does not impair the characteristics of the present invention.
- the laminate of the above embodiment can be used as an optical film laminated on a polarizing plate with another optical layer. That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an optical film including the laminate of the above embodiment.
- the optical layer is not particularly limited, but is used for forming a liquid crystal display device such as a reflection plate, a semi-transmission plate, a retardation plate (including a wave plate such as 1/2 or 1/4), and a viewing angle compensation film.
- a liquid crystal display device such as a reflection plate, a semi-transmission plate, a retardation plate (including a wave plate such as 1/2 or 1/4), and a viewing angle compensation film.
- One or more optical layers that may be used can be used.
- a reflective polarizing plate or a semi-transmissive polarizing plate in which a reflective plate or a semi-transmissive reflective plate is further stacked on the polarizing plate, or a retardation plate is further stacked on the polarizing plate.
- the optical film obtained by laminating the above optical layer on the polarizing plate in the laminated body can be formed by a method of laminating sequentially in a manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device or the like.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive similar to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer constituting the laminate may be used, or other commonly used adhesive means may be used.
- an acrylic polymer, a silicone polymer, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyether, a pressure sensitive adhesive having a polymer such as a fluorine type or a rubber type as a base polymer can be appropriately selected and used.
- the laminate or the optical film of the above embodiment can be preferably used in various image display devices such as liquid crystal display devices. That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an image display device including the laminate of the above embodiment. Examples of the image display device include a liquid crystal display device and an organic EL display device.
- the laminated body can be formed by laminating a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the surface of the polarizing plate.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be formed by a direct method in which it is formed on a polarizing plate, or by a transfer method in which a sheet-shaped pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on a surface (peeling surface) having releasability is transferred onto the polarizing plate. Alternatively, these methods may be combined.
- the release surface the surface of the release liner, the back surface of the release-treated substrate, or the like can be used.
- the base material having the release surface used for forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be used as it is as the separator.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a base polymer, a photocuring agent, and a photopolymerization initiator, and optionally a sensitizer, other additives, and a solvent is roll-coated on a polarizing plate or a substrate, Apply by kiss roll coat, gravure coat, reverse coat, roll brush, spray coat, dip roll coat, bar coat, knife coat, air knife coat, curtain coat, lip coat, die coat, etc., and dry the solvent if necessary. By removing it, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is formed.
- a drying method an appropriate method can be adopted as appropriate.
- the heat drying temperature is preferably 40°C to 200°C, more preferably 50°C to 180°C, and further preferably 70°C to 170°C.
- the drying time is preferably 5 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably 5 seconds to 15 minutes, still more preferably 10 seconds to 10 minutes.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition contains a cross-linking agent
- the heating temperature and the heating time are appropriately set depending on the type of the crosslinking agent used, and usually crosslinking is carried out by heating in the range of 20° C. to 160° C. for about 1 minute to 7 days.
- the heating for drying and removing the solvent may also serve as the heating for crosslinking. Even after the cross-linking structure is introduced into the polymer by the cross-linking agent, the photo-curing agent remains unreacted. Therefore, a photocurable pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing the base polymer and the photocuring agent is formed.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is formed on the polarizing plate, it is preferable to attach a separator on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for the purpose of protecting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- Cross-linking may be performed after the separator is attached on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is photocured by irradiating the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with energy actinic rays.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is photocurable, and the timing of curing can be set arbitrarily. Rework and processing can be performed at any time between the time when the laminate is attached to the adherend and the time when the adhesive is photo-cured, allowing flexible handling of the device manufacturing process lead time. It is possible.
- the energy actinic rays include ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, X rays, ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, and ⁇ rays. Since the curing of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in the storage state can be suppressed and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be easily cured, the energy active ray is preferably the energy active ray in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 450 nm. By using an energy actinic ray having a wavelength longer than that of ultraviolet rays (wavelength less than 380 nm), even when a polarizing plate containing an ultraviolet absorber is used, the photocuring reaction by the polymerization initiator is promoted and the tackiness after photocuring is increased.
- the function of the pressure-sensitive adhesive can be sufficiently exerted by increasing the force.
- a gallium-encapsulated metal halide lamp or an LED light source emitting light in the wavelength range of 380 to 440 nm is preferable.
- low-pressure mercury lamp, medium-pressure mercury lamp, high-pressure mercury lamp, ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, incandescent lamp, xenon lamp, halogen lamp, carbon arc lamp, metal halide lamp, fluorescent lamp, tungsten lamp, gallium lamp, excimer laser or sunlight as the light source, It is also possible to use by blocking light having a wavelength shorter than 380 nm using a bandpass filter.
- the irradiation intensity and irradiation time of the energy actinic radiation may be appropriately set according to the composition and thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the irradiation amount of the energy actinic radiation in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 450 nm is preferably 1,000 mJ/cm 2 or more, more preferably 2,000 mJ/cm 2 or more. Yes, and more preferably 3,000 mJ/cm 2 or more.
- the irradiation amount of the energy actinic rays is preferably 50,000 J/cm 2 or less, more preferably 30,000 J/cm 2 or less, and further preferably 10, from the viewpoint of deterioration of the polarizing plate and the like. 000 J/cm 2 or less.
- the dose of the energy active rays for example, a range of 1,000 ⁇ 50,000mJ / cm 2 or in the range of 1,000 ⁇ 30,000mJ / cm 2, or,, 2,000 ⁇ 30,000mJ / cm The range is 2 .
- the adherend to which the laminated body is attached is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include various electronic devices, optical devices and their components that require a polarizing plate.
- the adherend is, for example, a panel (for example, a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL panel).
- the laminated body may be attached to the entire surface of the adherend, or may be selectively attached to only a part of the adherend. Further, after adhering the laminated body to the entire surface of the adherend, the laminated body at an unnecessary portion may be cut and removed. Before photo-curing, the laminate is in a state of being temporarily attached to the surface of the adherend, and therefore the laminate can be easily peeled off from the surface of the adherend.
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an image display device.
- the manufacturing method comprises arranging a laminate on the panel with the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer interposed therebetween, and irradiating the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with energy actinic rays in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 450 nm to cure the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the irradiation direction of the energy actinic rays is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the panel is irradiated from the polarizing plate side, since it is difficult for the panel to transmit light due to wiring or the like.
- the polarizing plate containing the ultraviolet absorber suppresses deterioration of the polarizer when irradiated with energy actinic rays. Furthermore, by using a photopolymerization initiator having a specific molar extinction coefficient, it is possible to accelerate the curing reaction of the photocuring agent even when irradiated with energy actinic rays through a polarizing plate having an ultraviolet absorbing ability. The adhesion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to the adherend can be improved.
- Adhesive composition 1 to 8 A photocuring agent, a crosslinking agent, and if necessary, a photopolymerization initiator and a sensitizer are added to a solution of an acrylic polymer and mixed uniformly to prepare a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition having a composition shown in Table 1 below. did.
- the addition amount in Table 1 is the addition amount (part by weight of solid content) relative to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. Details of the photopolymerization initiator, photocuring agent, crosslinking agent, and sensitizer used are as follows.
- ⁇ Polarizing film 1> A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m (average degree of polymerization: 2400, degree of saponification: 99.9 mol%) was placed between rolls having different speed ratios at 30° C. in an iodine solution having a concentration of 0.3%. It was stretched up to 3 times while dyeing for 1 minute. Then, it was stretched to a total stretching ratio of 6 times while being immersed in an aqueous solution containing boric acid of 4% concentration and potassium iodide of 10% concentration at 60° C. for 0.5 minutes.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the plate was washed by immersing it in an aqueous solution containing potassium iodide having a concentration of 1.5% at 30° C. for 10 seconds and then dried at 50° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a polarizer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- a PVA-based resin aqueous solution is applied to both sides of the polarizer, an acrylic-based resin film having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m is provided on one side, and a triacetyl cellulose (TAC)-based film (containing an ultraviolet absorber) having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m is provided on the other side.
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- Reference example 1 (laminate 9) On a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (“Lumirror S10” manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 75 ⁇ m, which was not surface-treated, the fountain roll was coated with the adhesive composition shown in Table 2 so that the thickness after drying was 25 ⁇ m. Applied. After drying at 130° C. for 1 minute to remove the solvent, the release-treated surface of the separator (25 ⁇ m thick polyethylene terephthalate film having a silicone release-treated surface) was attached to the adhesive-coated surface. Then, aging treatment was performed in an atmosphere of 25° C. for 4 days to promote crosslinking, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was fixedly laminated on the PET film to obtain a laminate on which a separator was temporarily adhered.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Adhesion peeling durability
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a polarizing film containing an ultraviolet absorber, a base polymer, a photocuring agent, and a photopolymerization initiator having a molar extinction coefficient of 15 [L mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ] or more. It was confirmed that the laminates (Examples 1 to 6) with the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed of the composition were excellent in reworkability and adhesion. In these laminates, the adhesive force after photocuring is 1.4 times or more that before photocuring, and the adhesive force can be increased by photocuring the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer after adhering to the adherend. It was confirmed that it was possible.
- Reference Example 1 was carried out in order to examine the effect of the polarizing film on the photocuring reaction.
- a PET film was used instead of the polarizing film 1 containing an ultraviolet absorber (Reference Example 1)
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive can be irradiated with energy actinic rays (UV). It is considered that the photo-curing reaction of the layer proceeded sufficiently and led to the improvement of the adhesive force (improvement of adhesion) after curing.
- UV energy actinic rays
- the laminate of the present invention is suitably used for a polarizing plate with an adhesive layer, an optical film using the same, or an image display device.
- Polarizer 2 2'Transparent protective film 3
- Polarizing plate 4 Adhesive layer 5
- Separator 6 Laminated body 10 Polarizing film with adhesive layer
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、下記の実施形態を含む。
前記偏光板の少なくとも一方の面に粘着剤層と、を有し、
前記粘着剤層は、ベースポリマー、光硬化剤、および、380nmの波長におけるモル吸光係数が15[L mol-1 cm-1]以上である光重合開始剤を含む粘着剤組成物によって形成された層である、積層体。
[2] 偏光板は、380nmの光線透過率が20%以下である、[1]に記載の積層体。
[3] 前記粘着剤層は、380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線の照射により硬化し得る、[1]または[2]に記載の積層体。
[4] 前記粘着剤層の硬化後の接着力が硬化前の接着力より大きい、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[5] 前記粘着剤層の無アルカリガラスに対する速度300mm/分での90度剥離による硬化前の接着力は、7N/25mm以下である、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[6] 前記粘着剤層の無アルカリガラスに対する速度300mm/分での90度剥離による硬化後の接着力は、5N/25mm以上である、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[7] 前記粘着剤組成物は、増感剤をさらに含む、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[8] 前記光重合開始剤は、オキシム系化合物、メタロセン系化合物、アシルホスフィン系化合物、およびアミノアセトフェノン化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[9] 前記紫外線吸収剤は、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、シュウ酸アニリド系化合物、シアノアクリレート系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、およびトリアジン系化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[10] 前記粘着剤組成物は、前記ベースポリマー100重量部に対して、前記光硬化剤を1~50重量部、および、前記光重合開始剤を0.01~3重量部含む、[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[11] 前記ベースポリマーは、アクリル系ポリマーを含有する、[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[12] 前記アクリル系ポリマーは、モノマー成分としてヒドロキシ基含有モノマーおよび窒素含有モノマーを含有する、[11]に記載の積層体。
[13] 前記光硬化剤は、多官能(メタ)アクリレートを含む、[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[14] 前記偏光板は、偏光子と、偏光子の少なくとも一方の面に透明保護フィルムとを有し、前記透明保護フィルムは、前記紫外線吸収剤を含む、[1]~[13]のいずれかに記載の積層体。
[15] [1]~[14]のいずれかに記載の積層体を含む、光学フィルム。
[16] [1]~[14]のいずれかに記載の積層体を含む、画像表示装置。
[17] 前記粘着剤層は、前記ベースポリマーと前記光硬化剤との硬化反応物を含む、[16]に記載の装置。
[18] [16]または[17]に記載の画像表示装置の製造方法であって、
パネル上に前記粘着剤層を介して積層体を配置し、前記粘着剤層に380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線を照射して前記粘着剤層を硬化することを含む、方法。
[19] 前記粘着剤層への380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線の照射量が1000mJ/cm2以上である、[18]に記載の方法。
本発明は、以下の一以上の効果を有する。
(1)粘着剤層付き偏光板として使用することのできる積層体が提供される。本発明の積層体は、例えば、光学フィルム、液晶表示装置(LCD)などの画像表示装置に好適に用いられる。
(2)本発明の積層体はパネルなどの被着体との接着後に、粘着剤層を光硬化させることにより、接着力を増加させることができる。本発明の好ましい形態によれば、貼り合わせ直後のリワーク性を付与しながら、光硬化後は接着力が増加して優れた長期間の密着性(剥がれ耐久性)が付与される。
(3)本発明の積層体を構成する粘着剤層は光硬化型であり、被着体への貼り合わせ後の硬化のタイミングを任意に設定できるため、工程のリードタイムに柔軟に対応可能である。
なお、本明細書に記載した全ての文献及び刊行物は、その目的にかかわらず参照によりその全体を本明細書に組み込むものとする。また、本明細書は、本願の優先権主張の基礎となる日本国特許出願である特願2019-011976号(2019年1月28日出願)の特許請求の範囲、明細書、および図面の開示内容を包含する。
粘着剤層付き偏光フィルム10は、偏光板3の一主面上に粘着剤層4を備える積層体6を含んで構成されている。粘着剤層4は、偏光板3の一主面上に固着積層されている。図1において、偏光板3は、偏光子1と偏光子1の両面に形成された透明保護フィルム2,2’とを備える偏光フィルムとして構成され、透明保護フィルム2,2’には、紫外線吸収剤が含まれている。なお、透明保護フィルムは偏光子の片面にのみ設けられてもよい。また、紫外線吸収剤は、透明保護フィルムの一方のみに含まれていてもよい。図1には図示していないが、偏光子1と透明保護フィルム2,2’とは接着剤層、粘着剤層、下塗り層(プライマー層)などの介在層を介して積層されていてもよい。また、紫外線吸収剤は偏光板を構成する他の層(例えば、接着剤層、粘着剤層、下塗り層等)に含まれていてもよい。
粘着剤層4はベースポリマー、光硬化剤、および、380nmの波長におけるモル吸光係数が15[L mol-1 cm-1]以上である光重合開始剤を含む光硬化性粘着剤であり、エネルギー活性線の照射により光硬化して、被着体との接着力(剥離強度)が上昇する。
図1に示す粘着剤層付き偏光フィルム10の粘着剤層4の表面にはセパレータ5が仮着されている。セパレータ5としては、例えば、シート状の基材(ライナー基材)の片面に剥離処理剤による剥離層を設けることで当該片面が剥離面となるように構成されたものを好ましく使用し得る。被着体への貼り合わせ前には粘着剤層4の表面からセパレータ5を剥離除去し、粘着剤層4の露出面を被着体の表面に貼り合わせることにより、積層体6が被着体へ仮着される。セパレータ5の厚みは、通常3~200μm、好ましくは10~100μm程度である。
あるいは、セパレータ5を省略し、偏光板3の粘着剤層4に対向しない面が剥離面となっている偏光板3を用い、粘着剤層付き偏光フィルム10を巻回することにより、粘着剤層4の偏光板3に対向しない粘着面が偏光板3の粘着剤層4に対向しない面に当接して保護された形態(ロール形態)であってもよい。被着体への貼り合わせ前に、粘着剤層4の表面を露出させて、粘着剤層4の露出面を被着体の表面に貼り合わせることにより、積層体6が被着体へ仮着される。
本明細書において、「固着」とは積層された2つの層が強固に接着しており、両者の界面での剥離が不可能または困難な状態である。「仮着」とは、積層された2つの層間の接着力が小さく、両者の界面で容易に剥離できる状態である。
以下、上記実施形態に係る粘着剤層付き偏光板10を構成する部材について説明する。
偏光板は紫外線吸収剤を含む。偏光板の構成は特に限定されないが、偏光板は、偏光子と、偏光子の少なくとも一方の面に透明保護フィルムとを有することが好ましい。
(偏光子)
偏光子は、特に限定されず、各種のものを使用できる。偏光子としては、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム、部分ホルマール化ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体系部分ケン化フィルム等の親水性高分子フィルムに、ヨウ素や二色性染料の二色性物質を吸着させて一軸延伸したもの、ポリビニルアルコールの脱水処理物やポリ塩化ビニルの脱塩酸処理物等ポリエン系配向フィルム等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムとヨウ素などの二色性物質からなる偏光子が好適である。
これらの偏光子の厚さは特に制限されないが、一般的には2~25μmである。
透明保護フィルムは、特に限定されず、各種のものを使用できる。透明保護フィルムを構成する材料としては、透明性、機械的強度、熱安定性、水分遮断性、等方性などに優れるものが好ましい。例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリエチレンナフタレートなどのポリエステル系ポリマー;ジアセチルセルロースやトリアセチルセルロースなどのセルロース系ポリマー;ポリメチルメタクリレートなどのアクリル系ポリマー;ポリスチレンやアクリロニトリル・スチレン共重合体(AS樹脂)などのスチレン系ポリマー;ポリカーボネート系ポリマー;ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、シクロオレフィン系ポリマー、ノルボルネン構造を有するポリオレフィン、エチレン・プロピレン共重合体などのポリオレフィン系ポリマー;塩化ビニル系ポリマー;ナイロンや芳香族ポリアミドなどのアミド系ポリマー;イミド系ポリマー;スルホン系ポリマー;ポリエーテルスルホン系ポリマー;ポリエーテルエーテルケトン系ポリマー;ポリフェニレンスルフィド系ポリマー;ビニルアルコール系ポリマー;塩化ビニリデン系ポリマー;ビニルブチラール系ポリマー;アリレート系ポリマー;ポリオキシメチレン系ポリマー;エポキシ系ポリマー、または上記ポリマーのブレンド物などが挙げられる。これら保護フィルムは、通常、接着剤層により、偏光子に貼り合わせられる。また、透明保護フィルムは、(メタ)アクリル系、ウレタン系、アクリルウレタン系、エポキシ系、シリコーン系等の熱硬化性樹脂または紫外線硬化型樹脂を用いて、これらを偏光子に塗布し、硬化させることにより形成すことができる。
上記ハードコート層、反射防止層、スティッキング防止層、拡散層、アンチグレア層などの機能層の表面に粘着剤層を設けることができる。
紫外線吸収剤は、入射する紫外光による画像表示装置の構成部材(例えば偏光子)の劣化を抑制することを主目的として偏光板に含まれる。中でも、偏光子は紫外光による影響を受けやすいため、紫外線吸収剤は、偏光子に隣接する透明保護フィルムに含まれることが好ましい。
紫外線吸収剤は、特に限定されず、各種のものを使用できる。具体的には、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、シュウ酸アニリド系化合物、シアノアクリレート系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、およびトリアジン系化合物が挙げられる。紫外線吸収剤は、1種を単独又は2種以上を選択して用いることができる。中でも、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、トリアジン系化合物が好ましく、特に、トリアジン系化合物がより好ましい。トリアジン系化合物は少ない添加量で十分な紫外線吸収効果が得られ、製膜時のブリードアウト等を防止できる。
偏光板は、波長380nmの光線透過率が20%以下であることが好ましい。偏光板がこのようなUV吸収能を有することにより、偏光板側からエネルギー活性線を照射して粘着剤層を光硬化した場合であっても、偏光子の劣化が抑制され得る。波長380nmの光線透過率の下限は特に制限されないが、例えば、重合開始剤による光硬化反応を促進させ、光硬化後の粘着力の増加による粘着剤の機能を十分に発揮するために、1%以上であることが好ましい。波長380nmの光線透過率は、より好ましくは1~20%であり、さらに好ましくは1~15%であり、特に好ましくは1.5~12%である。波長380nmの光線透過率は分光光度計を用いて測定することができる。
本発明の粘着剤層は、後述する光重合開始剤を含有することにより、このようなUV吸収能を有する偏光板側からエネルギー活性線を照射して粘着剤層を硬化させることができる。
(厚さ)
偏光板の厚さは、特に制限されないが、通常10~200μmである。
粘着剤層は、ベースポリマー、光硬化剤、光重合開始剤、および必要に応じて増感剤を含む粘着剤組成物によって形成された層である。粘着剤層は光硬化性粘着剤である。粘着剤層は、エネルギー活性線の照射により光硬化反応が進行し、被着体に対する接着力が向上し得る。粘着剤層は、ベースポリマー、光硬化剤、光重合開始剤、および必要に応じて増感剤を含む粘着剤組成物の硬化層であり得る。例えば、粘着剤層は、ベースポリマーと光硬化剤との硬化反応物を含む。粘着剤層は、380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線の照射により硬化し得るものが好ましい。
粘着剤層は、光硬化前は偏光板との接着力が小さいため、リワークが容易である。粘着剤層は、光硬化により被着体との接着力が増加し、長期間の密着性(剥がれ耐久性)に優れる。
熱硬化性の粘着剤は、保管状態で経時的に硬化が進行する場合があるのに対して、光硬化性の粘着剤は一般的な保管環境では硬化はほとんど進行せず、エネルギー活性線の照射により硬化する。本発明の積層体は、粘着剤層の硬化のタイミングを任意に設定可能であり、工程のリードタイム等に柔軟に対応できるとの利点を有する。
粘着剤層は、光硬化により被着体に対する接着力が向上するものであれば、その組成は特に限定されない。
ベースポリマーは粘着剤組成物の主構成成分であり、粘着剤の接着力を決定する主要素である。
光硬化前の粘着剤層を固くして、リワークの際の被着体からの剥離を容易とする観点から、ベースポリマーには架橋構造が導入されていることが好ましい。
ベースポリマーの種類は特に限定されず、アクリル系ポリマー、シリコーン系ポリマー、ウレタン系ポリマー、ゴム系ポリマー等を適宜に選択すればよい。ベースポリマーは1種を単独又は2種以上を選択して用いることができる。特に、光学的透明性および接着性に優れ、かつ摩擦力等の諸特性制御が容易であることから、粘着剤組成物は、ベースポリマーとしてアクリル系ポリマーを含有するものが好ましく、粘着剤組成物の50重量%以上(より好ましくは60重量%以上、さらに好ましくは70重量%以上)がアクリル系ポリマーであることが好ましい。
カルボキシ基含有モノマーとしては、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸2-カルボキシエチル、カルボキシペンチル(メタ)アクリル酸カルボキシペンチル、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、クロトン酸等が挙げられる。
粘着剤に適度の凝集力を持たせる観点から、ベースポリマーには架橋構造が導入されることが好ましい。例えば、ベースポリマーの重合後の溶液に架橋剤を添加し、必要に応じて加熱を行うことにより、ベースポリマーに架橋構造が導入される。架橋剤としては、イソシアネート系架橋剤、エポキシ系架橋剤、オキサゾリン系架橋剤、アジリジン系架橋剤、カルボジイミド系架橋剤、金属キレート系架橋剤等が挙げられる。これらの架橋剤は、ベースポリマー中に導入されたヒドロキシ基等の官能基と反応して架橋構造を形成する。
架橋剤の使用量は、ベースポリマーの組成や分子量等に応じて適宜に調整すればよい。架橋剤の使用量は、架橋前のベースポリマー100重量部に対して、0.1~10重量部程度であり、好ましくは0.3~7重量部、より好ましくは0.5~5重量部、さらに好ましくは1~4重量部である。一般的なアクリル系の光学用透明粘着剤よりも架橋剤の使用量を大きくすることにより、リワーク性が向上する傾向がある。
高いほど粘着剤が硬く、リワーク等による被着体からの積層体の剥離時に、被着体への糊残りが抑制される傾向がある。光硬化前の粘着剤層のゲル分率は、30%以上が好ましく、50%以上がより好ましく、60%以上がさらに好ましく、65%以上が特に好ましい。粘着剤層の光硬化前のゲル分率は、70%以上または75%以上であってもよい。
粘着剤層は未反応の光硬化剤を含有するため、光硬化前の粘着剤層のゲル分率は一般に90%以下である。光硬化前の粘着剤層のゲル分率が過度に大きいと、被着体に対する投錨力が低下し、初期接着力が不十分となる場合がある。そのため、光硬化前の粘着剤層のゲル分率は、85%以下が好ましく、80%以下がより好ましい。
ゲル分率は、酢酸エチル等の溶媒に対する不溶分として求めることができ、具体的には、粘着剤層を酢酸エチル中に23℃で7日間浸漬した後の不溶成分の、浸漬前の試料に対する重量分率(単位:重量%)として求められる。一般に、ポリマーのゲル分率は架橋度に等しく、ポリマー中の架橋された部分が多いほど、ゲル分率が大きくなる。また、光硬化剤の量が多いほど、ゲル分率は小さくなる。
光硬化剤を含む粘着剤層は、被着体との貼り合わせ後に光硬化を行うことにより、摩擦力が増大し、被着体との接着力が向上する。
光硬化剤は、1種を単独又は2種以上を選択して用いることができる。
光硬化剤の含有量が増加すると光硬化剤が表面にブリードアウトしやすくなる。表面にブリードアウトした光硬化剤は、WBLを形成し、粘着剤層の摩擦力の低下に寄与する。これに伴って被着体との接着力を適度に減少させることが可能であり、リワーク性が向上する傾向がある。一方、光硬化剤が大量にブリードアウトすると、透明性の低下や、接着力の低下を招く場合がある。かかる観点から、光硬化剤の量を上記範囲に制御することが好ましい。
光重合開始剤は、エネルギー活性線の照射により活性種を発生し、光硬化剤の硬化反応を促進する。光重合開始剤は、380nmの波長におけるモル吸光係数が15[L mol-1 cm-1]以上であるものであれば特に制限はない。光重合開始剤の380nmの波長におけるモル吸光係数は、吸光度計を用いて測定することができる。光重合開始剤の、380nmの波長におけるモル吸光係数は、好ましくは、20[L mol-1 cm-1]以上、より好ましくは25[L mol-1 cm-1]以上である。光重合開始剤の、380nmの波長におけるモル吸光係数の上限は特に制限されないが、例えば、1000[L mol-1 cm-1]以下である。
本発明の偏光板には、紫外光の入射による偏光子等の劣化を抑制するために、紫外線吸収剤が含まれている。このような紫外線吸収能を付与した偏光板と粘着剤層との積層体にエネルギー活性線を照射すると、380nmより短波長の光は紫外線吸収剤に吸収されて粘着剤層への到達が抑制されるため、通常は硬化反応が進行しにくい。しかし、本発明では、特定のモル吸光係数を有する光重合開始剤を用いることにより、偏光板に紫外線吸収剤を含有する場合であっても光硬化剤の硬化反応を促進することができる。これにより、光硬化後の粘着剤層の被着体との間の接着力が増大し、長期間の密着性(剥がれ耐久性)が向上する。
また、カルバゾール環のN位にオキシムが連結した特表2009-519904号公報に記載の化合物、ベンゾフェノン部位にヘテロ置換基が導入された米国特許第7626957号明細書に記載の化合物、色素部位にニトロ基が導入された特開2010-15025号公報および米国特許公開2009-292039号明細書に記載の化合物、国際公開WO2009-131189号公報に記載のケトオキシム系化合物、トリアジン骨格とオキシム骨格を同一分子内に含む米国特許第7556910号明細書に記載の化合物、405nmに吸収極大を有しg線光源に対して良好な感度を有する特開2009-221114号公報に記載の化合物などを用いてもよい。
また、特開2007-231000号公報、および、特開2007-322744号公報に記載される環状オキシム系化合物も好適に用いることができる。環状オキシム系化合物の中でも、特に特開2010-32985号公報、特開2010-185072号公報に記載されるカルバゾール色素に縮環した環状オキシム系化合物は、高い光吸収性を有し高感度化の観点から好ましい。
この他、オキシム系化合物の特定部位に不飽和結合を有する化合物(例えば特開2009-242469号公報に記載の化合物)、フッ素原子を有するオキシム系化合物(例えば、特開2010-262028号公報に記載されている化合物、特表2014-500852号公報の段落番号0345に記載されている化合物24、36~40、特開2013-164471号公報の段落番号0101に記載されている化合物(C-3)など)が挙げられる。
中でも、好ましいオキシム系化合物としては、オキシムエステル系が挙げられる。
オキシム系化合物は市販品を用いてもよい。市販品としては、例えば、IRGACURE OXE-01(BASF社製)、IRGACURE OXE-02(BASF社製)---、TR-PBG-304(常州強力電子新材料(株)製)--、DFI-091(ダイトーケミックス(株)製)などを用いることができる。
メタロセン系化合物としては、市販品を用いることができる。例えば、ビス(メチルシクロペンタジエニル)-Ti-ビス(2,6-ジフルオロフェニル)として、IRGACURE-727(BASF社製)等が挙げられ、ビス(シクロペンタジエニル)-ビス(2,6-ジフルオロ-3-(ピリ-1-イル)フェニル)チタニウムとして、IRGACURE-784(BASF社製)等が挙げられる。
アシルホスフィン系化合物としては、市販品を用いることができる。例えば、市販品であるOmnirad-819やOmnirad-TPO(商品名:いずれもIGMジャパン製)を用いることができる。
中でも、好ましいアミノアセトフェノン化合物としては、2-メチル-1-(4-メチルチオフェニル)-2-モルフォリノプロパン-1-オンが挙げられる。
アミノアセトフェノン化合物としては、市販品を用いることができる。例えば、市販品であるOmnirad-907、Omnirad-369、および、Omnirad-379(商品名:いずれもIGMジャパン製)を用いることができる。
粘着剤組成物における光重合開始剤の含有量は、ベースポリマー100重量部に対して、0.01~3重量部が好ましく、0.02~1重量部がより好ましく、0.04~0.5重量部がさらに好ましい。積層体を長期保管する際や、被着体と貼り合わせた後光硬化前の状態で保管する際の粘着剤層の経時的な接着力の変化を抑制する観点から、粘着剤組成物における光重合開始剤の含有量は、3重量部以下が好ましく、1重量部以下がより好ましく、0.5重量部以下がさらに好ましい。紫外線照射等により、十分に光硬化を進行させて接着信頼性を高める観点から、粘着剤組成物における光重合開始剤の含有量は、0.01重量部以上が好ましく、0.02重量部以上がより好ましい。
粘着剤組成物は、増感剤を含んでもよい。光重合開始剤と増感剤とを併用することにより、光硬化反応の反応速度を遅らせることができる。したがって、貼り合せ後に、蛍光灯のような可視光線照射下で保存する場合でも初期接着力が低く維持され、リワーク性に優れる積層体が得られる。
中でも、R1およびR2が-CH2CH3であるジエチルチオキサントンが特に好ましい。
粘着剤組成物における増感剤の含有量は、ベースポリマー100重量部に対して、0.001~10重量部が好ましく、0.01~5重量部がより好ましい。
上記例示の各成分の他、粘着剤組成物は、シランカップリング剤、粘着性付与剤、可塑剤、軟化剤、劣化防止剤、充填剤、着色剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、界面活性剤、帯電防止剤等の添加剤を、本発明の特性を損なわない範囲で含有していてもよい。
上記実施形態の積層体は、実用に際して偏光板上に他の光学層と積層した光学フィルムとして用いることができる。すなわち、本発明の一実施形態によれば、上記実施形態の積層体を含む光学フィルムが提供される。
光学層については特に限定はないが、例えば反射板や半透過板、位相差板(1/2や1/4などの波長板を含む)、視角補償フィルムなどの液晶表示装置などの形成に用いられることのある光学層を1層または2層以上用いることができる。特に、上記実施形態の積層体において、偏光板に更に反射板または半透過反射板が積層されてなる反射型偏光板または半透過型偏光板、あるいは、偏光板に更に位相差板が積層されてなる楕円偏光板または円偏光板、偏光板に更に視角補償フィルムが積層されてなる広視野角偏光板、あるいは偏光板に更に輝度向上フィルムが積層されてなる偏光板が好ましい。
積層体における偏光板に上記光学層を積層した光学フィルムは、液晶表示装置などの製造過程で順次別個に積層する方式にても形成することができるが、予め積層して光学フィルムとしたものは、品質の安定性や組立作業などに優れていて液晶表示装置などの製造工程を向上させうる利点がある。光学層の積層には積層体を構成する粘着剤層と同様の粘着剤をもちいてもよいし、他の慣用される接着手段を用いてもよい。例えば、アクリル系重合体、シリコーン系ポリマー、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリエーテル、フッ素系やゴム系などのポリマーをベースポリマーとする粘着剤を適宜に選択して用いることができる。
積層体は、偏光板の表面に、粘着剤層を積層することにより形成され得る。粘着剤層は、偏光板上に形成する直接法を用いてもよく、剥離性を有する表面(剥離面)上にシート状に形成された粘着剤層を偏光板上に転写する転写法を用いてもよく、これらの方法を組み合わせてもよい。上記剥離面としては、剥離ライナーの表面や、剥離処理された基材背面等を利用し得る。粘着剤層の形成に用いた剥離面を有する基剤を、そのままセパレータとしてもよい。
例えば、ベースポリマー、光硬化剤、および光重合開始剤、ならびに必要に応じて増感剤、その他の添加剤、および溶媒を含む粘着剤組成物を、偏光板または基材上に、ロールコート、キスロールコート、グラビアコート、リバースコート、ロールブラッシュ、スプレーコート、ディップロールコート、バーコート、ナイフコート、エアーナイフコート、カーテンコート、リップコート、ダイコート等により、塗布し、必要に応じて溶媒を乾燥除去することにより粘着剤層が形成される。乾燥方法としては、適宜、適切な方法が採用され得る。加熱乾燥温度は、好ましくは40℃~200℃、より好ましくは50℃~180℃、さらに好ましくは70℃~170℃である。乾燥時間は、好ましくは5秒~20分、より好ましくは5秒~15分、さらに好ましくは10秒~10分である。
架橋剤によりポリマーに架橋構造を導入後も、光硬化剤は未反応の状態を維持している。そのため、ベースポリマーと光硬化剤とを含む光硬化性の粘着剤層が形成される。
偏光板上に粘着剤層を形成する場合、粘着剤層の保護等を目的として、粘着剤層上にセパレータを付設することが好ましい。粘着剤層上にセパレータを付設後に架橋を行ってもよい。
被着体に積層体を貼り合わせ後、粘着剤層にエネルギー活性線を照射することにより、粘着剤層を光硬化させる。本発明の積層体は、粘着剤層が光硬化性であり、硬化のタイミングを任意に設定可能である。リワークや加工等の処理は、被着体に積層体を貼設後、粘着剤を光硬化するまでの間の任意のタイミングで実施可能であるため、デバイスの製造工程のリードタイムに柔軟に対応可能である。
380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線の光源としては、ガリウム封入メタルハライドランプ、波長範囲380~440nmを発光するLED光源が好ましい。あるいは、低圧水銀灯、中圧水銀灯、高圧水銀灯、超高圧水銀灯、白熱電球、キセノンランプ、ハロゲンランプ、カーボンアーク灯、メタルハライドランプ、蛍光灯、タングステンランプ、ガリウムランプ、エキシマレーザーまたは太陽光を光源とし、バンドパスフィルターを用いて380nmより短波長の光を遮断して用いることもできる。
エネルギー活性線の照射方向は特に制限されないが、通常、パネルは配線等により光を透過しにくいので偏光板側から照射することが好ましい。本発明では、偏光板が紫外線吸収剤を含有することにより、エネルギー活性線を照射した場合の偏光子の劣化が抑制される。さらに、特定のモル吸光係数を有する光重合開始剤を用いることにより紫外線吸収能を付与した偏光板越しにエネルギー活性線を照射した場合であっても光硬化剤の硬化反応を促進することができ、粘着剤層の被着体との密着性を向上させることができる。
<重量平均分子量>
ベースポリマーの重量平均分子量(ポリスチレン換算)は、GPC(東ソー製「HLC-8220GPC」)を用い下記の条件により測定した。
サンプル濃度:0.2重量%(テトラヒドロフラン溶液)
サンプル注入量:10μl
溶離液:THF
流速:0.6ml/min
測定温度:40℃
サンプルカラム:TSKguardcolumn SuperHZ-H(1本)+TSKgel SuperHZM-H(2本)
参照カラム:TSKgel SuperH-RC(1本)
検出器:RI
分光光度計(株式会社島津製作所製、UV2450)を用いて測定した。
<ポリマーA1>
温度計、攪拌機、還流冷却管および窒素ガス導入管を備えた反応容器に、モノマーとして、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート(2EHA)63重量部、N-ビニルピロリドン(NVP)15重量部、メチルメタクリレート(MMA)9重量部、およびヒドロキシエチルアクリレート(HEA)13重量部、重合開始剤としてアゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.2重量部、ならびに溶媒として酢酸エチル233重量部を投入し、窒素ガスを流し、攪拌しながら約1時間窒素置換を行った。その後、60℃に加熱し、7時間反応させて、重量平均分子量(Mw)が120万のアクリル系ポリマー(ポリマーA)の溶液を得た。
<粘着剤組成物1~8>
アクリル系ポリマーの溶液に、光硬化剤、架橋剤、ならびに必要に応じて光重合開始剤および増感剤を添加し、均一に混合して、下記表1に示す組成の粘着剤組成物を調製した。なお、表1における添加量は、アクリル系ポリマー100重量部に対する添加量(固形分の重量部)である。用いた光重合開始剤、光硬化剤、架橋剤、および増感剤の詳細は以下の通りである。
B1:タケネートD110N (キシリレンジイソシアネートのトリメチロールプロパン付加物の75%酢酸エチル溶液;三井化学製)
(光重合開始剤)
C1:Omnirad819 (アシルホスフィン系化合物:ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルホスフィンオキサイド;IGMジャパン製)
C2:Omnirad907 (アミノアセトフェノン系化合物;2-メチル-1-(4-メチルチオフェニル)-2-モルフォリノプロパン-1-オン;IGMジャパン製)
C3:Omnirad184 (1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン;IGMジャパン製)
(光硬化剤)
D1:APG700 (ポリプロピレングリコール#700(n=12)ジアクリレート;官能基当量404g/eq)
(増感剤)
E1:KAYACURE DETX-S (ジエチルチオキサントン;日本化薬社製)
<偏光フィルム1>
厚さ80μmのポリビニルアルコール(PVA)フィルム(平均重合度:2400、ケン化度:99.9モル%)を、速度比の異なるロール間において、30℃、0.3%濃度のヨウ素溶液中で1分間染色しながら、3倍まで延伸した。その後、60℃、4%濃度のホウ酸および10%濃度のヨウ化カリウムを含む水溶液中に0.5分間浸漬しながら総合延伸倍率6倍まで延伸した。次いで、30℃、1.5%濃度のヨウ化カリウムを含む水溶液中に10秒間浸漬することで洗浄した後、50℃で4分間乾燥し、厚さ25μmの偏光子を得た。
当該偏光子の両面に、PVA系樹脂水溶液を塗布し、片面に厚さ30μmのアクリル系樹脂フィルムを、もう片面に厚さ40μmのトリアセチルセルロース(TAC)系フィルム(紫外線吸収剤を含有)を貼り合せて偏光フィルム1を作製した。得られた偏光フィルム1の380nmにおける光線透過率は、2.5%であった。
実施例1~6、比較例1~2(積層体1~8)
セパレータ(表面がシリコーン離型処理された厚み25μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム)の離型処理面に、表2に示す粘着剤組成物を、乾燥後の厚みが25μmとなるように、ファウンテンロールを用いて塗布した。130℃で1分間乾燥して溶媒を除去後、偏光フィルムのアクリル系樹脂フィルム上に粘着剤の塗布面を貼り合わせた。その後、25℃の雰囲気で4日間のエージング処理を行い、架橋を進行させ、ベースポリマーとしてのアクリル系ポリマーに架橋構造を導入した。これにより、偏光フィルム上に粘着剤層が固着積層され、その上にセパレータが仮着された積層体を得た。
表面処理がされていない厚み75μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(東レ製「ルミラーS10」)上に、表2に示す粘着剤組成物を、乾燥後の厚みが25μmとなるように、ファウンテンロールを用いて塗布した。130℃で1分間乾燥して溶媒を除去後、粘着剤の塗布面に、セパレータ(表面がシリコーン離型処理された厚み25μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム)の離型処理面を貼り合わせた。その後、25℃の雰囲気で4日間のエージング処理を行い、架橋を進行させ、PETフィルム上に粘着剤層が固着積層され、その上にセパレータが仮着された積層体を得た。
<接着力の評価>
無アルカリガラス(コーニング社製、EagleXG)に、幅25mm×長さ100mmに切り出した粘着剤付き偏光板の粘着剤表面からセパレータを剥離除去し、露出した粘着面を無アルカリガラスにハンドローラを用いて貼り合わせ、光硬化前の試験サンプルとした。
光硬化前の試験サンプルの偏光板側からエネルギー活性線(光源:LED)を照射して粘着剤層を光硬化したものを光硬化後の試験サンプルとした。
これらの光硬化前および光硬化後の試験サンプルを用い、引張試験機(装置名:精密万能試験機、オートグラフAG-IS、島津製作所製)を使用して、JIS Z0237:2009に準じて、剥離角度90度、引張速度300mm/分の条件で、90°引きはがし粘着力(光硬化前の対無アルカリガラスの接着力T1および光硬化後の対無アルカリガラスの接着力T2)を測定した。測定は3回行い、それらの平均値を求め、表2の「対無アルカリガラスの接着力」の「光硬化前」および「光硬化後」欄にそれぞれ示した。また、光硬化前の対無アルカリガラスの接着力(T1)に対する光硬化後の対無アルカリガラスの接着力(T2)の増加比(=T2/T1)を算出し、表2の「増加比」の欄に示した。
光硬化前の試験サンプルの接着力の値から、リワーク性を下記基準で判断した。
A:3N/25mm以下
B:3N/25mm超、6N/25mm以下
C:6N/25mm超、7N/25mm以下
D:7N/25mm超
結果を表2に示す。
光硬化前後の試験サンプルの接着力の値から、密着性(剥がれ耐久性)を下記基準で判断した。
A:8N/25mm以上
B:5N/25mm以上8N/25mm未満
C:5N/25mm未満
結果を表2に示す。
光重合開始剤と増感剤とを併用した場合(実施例2および3)にも、光硬化前の低接着力(良好なリワーク性)を維持しつつ、光硬化後の接着力を高めることができる(密着性向上)ことが確認された(実施例2,3と実施例6との対比)。
光重合開始剤の添加量の相違に起因して、光硬化前および光硬化後の接着力に差異がみられた(実施例1および実施例4の対比)。
UV照射量の相違に起因して、光硬化後の接着力に差異がみられた(実施例1と実施例5との対比)。
光硬化剤を含有しない粘着剤組成物8を用いた積層体(比較例2)では、光硬化による接着力の上昇がほとんど確認されなかった。また、比較例2では光硬化前の接着力が高く、リワーク性に劣っていた。これは、比較例2の積層体には粘着剤層と被着体との界面にWBL(接着阻害層;脆弱層)が形成されなかったためと推察される。
参考例1は、偏光フィルムが光硬化反応に与える影響を検討するために実施した。紫外線吸収剤を含む偏光フィルム1の代わりにPETフィルムを用いた場合(参考例1)には、比較例1と同様にモル吸光係数が15未満である光重合開始剤を含む粘着剤組成物6を用いた場合であっても、光硬化により接着力が上昇することが確認された。このことから、紫外線吸収剤を含有する偏光フィルムに積層させた粘着剤層の光硬化反応において、モル吸光係数が15[L mol-1 cm-1]以上である光重合開始剤の存在が重要であることが示唆される。
紫外線吸収剤を含む偏光板にモル吸光係数が15[L mol-1 cm-1]以上の光重合開始剤を含む粘着剤組成物を用いることで、エネルギー活性線(UV)の照射により粘着剤層の光硬化反応が十分に進行し、硬化後接着力の向上(密着性向上)につながったと考えられる。
2、2’ 透明保護フィルム
3 偏光板
4 粘着剤層
5 セパレータ
6 積層体
10 粘着剤層付き偏光フィルム
Claims (19)
- 紫外線吸収剤を含む偏光板と、
前記偏光板の少なくとも一方の面に粘着剤層と、を有し、
前記粘着剤層は、ベースポリマー、光硬化剤、および、380nmの波長におけるモル吸光係数が15[L mol-1 cm-1]以上である光重合開始剤を含む粘着剤組成物によって形成された層である、積層体。 - 偏光板は、380nmの光線透過率が20%以下である、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記粘着剤層は、380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線の照射により硬化し得る、請求項1または2に記載の積層体。
- 前記粘着剤層の硬化後の接着力が硬化前の接着力より大きい、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記粘着剤層の無アルカリガラスに対する速度300mm/分での90度剥離による硬化前の接着力は、7N/25mm以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記粘着剤層の無アルカリガラスに対する速度300mm/分での90度剥離による硬化後の接着力は、5N/25mm以上である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記粘着剤組成物は、増感剤をさらに含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記光重合開始剤は、オキシム系化合物、メタロセン系化合物、アシルホスフィン系化合物、およびアミノアセトフェノン化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤は、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、シュウ酸アニリド系化合物、シアノアクリレート系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、およびトリアジン系化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記粘着剤組成物は、前記ベースポリマー100重量部に対して、前記光硬化剤を1~50重量部、および、前記光重合開始剤を0.01~3重量部含む、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記ベースポリマーは、アクリル系ポリマーを含有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記アクリル系ポリマーは、モノマー成分としてヒドロキシ基含有モノマーおよび窒素含有モノマーを含有する、請求項11に記載の積層体。
- 前記光硬化剤は、多官能(メタ)アクリレートを含む、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 前記偏光板は、偏光子と、偏光子の少なくとも一方の面に透明保護フィルムとを有し、前記透明保護フィルムは、前記紫外線吸収剤を含む、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の積層体を含む、光学フィルム。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の積層体を含む、画像表示装置。
- 前記粘着剤層は、前記ベースポリマーと前記光硬化剤との硬化反応物を含む、請求項16に記載の装置。
- 請求項16または17に記載の画像表示装置の製造方法であって、
パネル上に前記粘着剤層を介して積層体を配置し、前記粘着剤層に380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線を照射して前記粘着剤層を硬化することを含む、方法。 - 前記粘着剤層への380nm以上450nm以下の波長範囲のエネルギー活性線の照射量が1000mJ/cm2以上である、請求項18に記載の方法。
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| US20230296820A1 (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2023-09-21 | Fujifilm Corporation | Polarizing plate and image display device |
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| JP7739920B2 (ja) * | 2020-11-27 | 2025-09-17 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 画像表示装置構成部材用粘着シート、離型フィルム付き粘着シート、画像表示装置構成部材付き粘着シート、積層シート及び画像表示装置 |
| KR20230114744A (ko) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-08-01 | 미쯔비시 케미컬 주식회사 | 적층체 및 적층 구조체 |
| JP7824732B2 (ja) * | 2021-03-30 | 2026-03-05 | 日東電工株式会社 | 放射線硬化性粘着剤シート |
| JP7756496B2 (ja) | 2021-03-30 | 2025-10-20 | 日東電工株式会社 | 放射線硬化性粘着剤シート |
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