WO2020155783A1 - 一种太阳电池 - Google Patents

一种太阳电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155783A1
WO2020155783A1 PCT/CN2019/118910 CN2019118910W WO2020155783A1 WO 2020155783 A1 WO2020155783 A1 WO 2020155783A1 CN 2019118910 W CN2019118910 W CN 2019118910W WO 2020155783 A1 WO2020155783 A1 WO 2020155783A1
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WIPO (PCT)
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electrode
solar cell
grid
cell according
battery cells
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PCT/CN2019/118910
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English (en)
French (fr)
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童洪波
李华
靳玉鹏
刘继宇
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泰州隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020155783A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020155783A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022433—Particular geometry of the grid contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • This application generally relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, and specifically relates to a solar cell.
  • the existing traditional solar cells have a structure of busbars with electrodes on both sides, especially the front electrode busbars will block part of the sunlight, reducing the overall solar cell conversion efficiency, and the traditional busbar solar cells use welding With welding, the front main grid of a solar cell and the back electrode of the adjacent solar cell are connected in series through the welding tape. This connection method is easy to cause the problem of solar cell cracks. Once cracks occur, the solar cell The overall efficiency will quickly decrease, and even lead to complete failure of solar cells.
  • the front electrode and the grid line are several parallel busbar lines and multiple thin grid lines perpendicular to the busbar lines (usually more than 100).
  • the silver electrodes on the edges of the cut grid lines may overlap with the edges of the battery during the lamination process and cause short circuits, which will cause short circuits in the components. Reliability brings significant risks.
  • the present application provides a solar cell, including a substrate on which two or more battery cells are formed at intervals, the battery cell includes at least one electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly includes a plurality of grid electrode electrodes arranged side by side.
  • connecting electrodes are arranged between at least part of the gate line electrodes in at least part of the electrode set.
  • the number of the battery cells is 2-50.
  • the distance between two adjacent battery cells is 0.1-3 mm.
  • a first connection line is connected between at least part of the adjacent battery cells, and the first connection line is located at an interval between the adjacent battery cells.
  • the number of electrode sets of each battery cell is 1-20.
  • the battery unit includes a plurality of electrode sets
  • the electrode assembly has a rectangular shape, and a plurality of rectangular electrode assemblies are arranged in parallel; or, the electrode assembly has a radial shape, and a plurality of radial electrode assemblies are arranged radially.
  • the gate electrode is a straight line, an arc line, a broken line or a curve.
  • gate line electrodes in two adjacent electrode sets are intermittently arranged; or, at least part of the gate line electrodes in two adjacent electrode sets extend integrally.
  • At least the gate line electrodes in the same electrode set are arranged equidistantly; or, at least the spacing between the gate line electrodes in the same electrode set is successively smaller along the arrangement direction of the gate line electrodes .
  • At least the lengths of the gate line electrodes in the same electrode set are equal; or, at least the lengths of the gate line electrodes in the same electrode set increase sequentially along the arrangement direction of the gate line electrodes.
  • the gate electrode is provided with welding enhancement points, and the width of the welding enhancement point is greater than the width of the gate electrode.
  • the battery cells are provided with pads, and the pads are arranged near the edge of the battery cells.
  • each of the battery cells is provided with 2-20 of the pads, the pads are located at the adjacent edges of the two adjacent battery cells, and the pads are arranged at intervals along the edges. cloth.
  • the pad is located at an edge close to the radiation convergence direction of the electrode assembly.
  • connection electrode penetrates through each gate electrode of the same electrode set and extends to a pad provided at the edge of the battery cell.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with grid line electrodes instead of the main grid, which significantly reduces the shading area of the solar cell, which is beneficial to improve the photoelectric conversion performance of the solar cell.
  • the gate electrode can be made denser and thinner, and the path for carriers to be transported to the gate electrode is greatly shortened, reducing the series resistance.
  • the bus grid is omitted, the consumption of silver paste for the printed bus grid is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
  • the battery cells are arranged at intervals, after the solar cells are cut along the interval as needed, there is no silver electrode residue that occurs when the busbar solar cell is cut at the cutting edge, which avoids the presence of silver at the cutting edge. The electrode remains and causes the problem of short circuit after interconnection.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sixth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a seventh structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a sixth structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the eighth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a ninth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a tenth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the 11th structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a seventh structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an eighth structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a ninth structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21 is a schematic diagram of a tenth structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 22 is a schematic diagram of the 11th structure of the battery unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a twelfth structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 24 is a schematic diagram of a 13th structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a twelfth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a thirteenth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a fourteenth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a 15th structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a sixteenth structure of a solar cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of a 14th structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of a 15th structure of a battery unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the solar cell provided by the present application includes a substrate 1, on which two or more battery cells 2 arranged at intervals are formed.
  • the battery cells 2 include at least one electrode assembly 3, and the electrode assembly 3 includes a plurality of electrodes arranged side by side. ⁇ Grid line electrode 4.
  • the battery unit 2 is provided with an electrode assembly 3, and the motor assembly 3 includes a plurality of grid electrodes 4 arranged side by side.
  • the area framed by the dashed line is a battery cell 2.
  • the battery cell includes 8 electrode assemblies 3, and each electrode assembly 3 has multiple grid electrodes 4 arranged side by side. .
  • the number of battery cells 2 and electrode assemblies 3 is not limited to the number of the above two examples, and can be set to other numbers according to actual needs.
  • the electrode assembly 3 is provided with grid electrodes instead of the main grid, which significantly reduces the light-shielding area of the solar cell, which is beneficial to improve the photoelectric conversion performance of the solar cell.
  • the gate line electrode 4 can be made denser and thinner, and the path for carrier transport to the gate line electrode 4 is greatly shortened, reducing the series resistance.
  • the bus grid is omitted, the consumption of silver paste for the printed bus grid is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
  • the battery cells 2 are arranged at intervals, after the solar cells are cut along the interval as needed, there is no silver electrode residue on the cutting edge that occurs when the busbar solar cell is cut, which avoids The silver electrode remains and causes the problem of short circuit after interconnection.
  • the corresponding number of electrode sets 4 can be cut according to the needs, as the smallest unit for subsequent interconnection of laminations, and the cutting method is relatively flexible.
  • connecting electrodes 6 are provided between at least part of the gate line electrodes in at least part of the electrode set.
  • a connecting electrode 6 may be provided between two adjacent gate line electrodes, or a connecting electrode 6 may be provided to connect all the gate line electrodes 4 in the same electrode set 3.
  • the connection mode of the connecting electrode 6 and the gate electrode and the length and width of the connecting electrode 6 can be determined according to the specific use environment.
  • different connecting electrodes 6 can be used, that is, connecting electrodes 6 connecting all grid electrodes 4 or connecting electrodes 6 connecting only adjacent grid electrodes 4 can be used.
  • connection electrode 6 can play a role in current convergence on the one hand, and on the other hand can prevent the problem that the current cannot be collected in a local area when the grid electrode 4 is broken or poorly connected.
  • the total area occupied by the interval area is too large, and the number of battery cells 2 is 2 50.
  • the number of battery cells 2 is 2 50. For example, set to 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 50, etc.
  • the separation distance between two adjacent battery cells 2 is 0.1-3mm, for example, it can be 0.1mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, etc. Adopting the above spacing distance can not only ensure a sufficient cutting width, avoid residual gate line metal at the cutting position after cutting, but also improve the space utilization rate on the substrate, and avoid waste of limited space on the substrate due to too large spacing distance.
  • a first connecting wire 5 is connected between at least part of adjacent battery cells, and the first connecting wire 5 is located at an interval between adjacent battery cells 2.
  • the first connecting wire 5 is, for example, but not limited to, a silver grid wire or an aluminum grid wire that is the same as the grid electrode.
  • the first connecting wire 5 can connect the outer frame electrodes of two adjacent battery cells, and of course, it can also connect the grid electrode 4 of two adjacent battery cells.
  • the grid electrode 4 of two adjacent battery cells 2 is connected.
  • the number of electrode sets 3 of each battery cell 2 is 1-20, such as 1, 4, 8, 16, 20, etc. When a certain number of electrode sets 3 are provided, it can be The number of cuts is selected according to needs, so that the solar cell can be cut flexibly.
  • the battery cell 2 includes a plurality of electrode assemblies 3; the plurality of electrode assemblies 3 are arranged in parallel.
  • the shape of the electrode assembly 3 is a rectangle.
  • the electrode assembly 3 mentioned here is a rectangle. It does not limit the electrode assembly 3 to have a rectangular frame on the periphery. It can be that each gate electrode 4 in the electrode assembly 3 can be Surrounded by a virtual rectangular frame, the grid electrode 4 can be a straight line, an arc line, a broken line, etc., as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 13, a plurality of rectangular electrode sets 3 are arranged in parallel.
  • a plurality of electrode sets 3 are arranged radially.
  • the radial shape mentioned here can be similar to a fan shape, a trapezoid shape, a trapezoid shape with two arcs at the bottom, etc., with two opposite sides one long and one short, as shown in Figure 14-22.
  • the end of the plurality of electrode assemblies 3 on one side of the battery cell 2 is close, and the other end is far away, it is the above-mentioned radial arrangement, as shown in FIGS.
  • the gate electrode 4 is a straight line, an arc line, a broken line or a curve. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 21-25, the gate electrode 4 is a straight line. As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 9, Fig. 11, Fig. 13-18, Fig. 26-29, the gate electrode 4 is an arc, which can be a segment of arc, or an arc connected sequentially above two ends . As shown in Figs. 5-8, 10, 12, 19, 20, 30, and 31, the gate electrode 4 is folded. Of course, the gate electrode 4 can also be a curve other than the above-mentioned structure.
  • the gate line electrodes 4 in two adjacent electrode sets 3 are intermittently arranged, that is, the gate line electrodes 4 in two adjacent electrode sets 3 are discontinuous of. Or, as shown in FIG. 13, at least part of the gate line electrodes 4 in the two adjacent electrode sets 3 extend integrally, that is, the gate line electrodes 4 in the two adjacent electrode sets 3 are continuous, and the gate line electrodes 4 from one electrode The collection 3 extends to another adjacent electrode collection 3.
  • At least the gate line electrodes in the same electrode set are arranged equidistantly; or at least the spacing between the gate line electrodes in the same electrode set is successively smaller along the arrangement direction of the gate line electrodes, which can better optimize the current
  • the collection route improves the current collection capacity and the efficiency of the solar cell.
  • At least the lengths of the gate line electrodes 4 in the same electrode set 3 are equal.
  • the lengths of the gate line electrodes 4 are equal.
  • at least the length of the gate line electrodes 4 in the same electrode set 3 increases in sequence along the arrangement direction of the gate line electrodes.
  • the electrode set 3 is radial, the length of the gate line electrodes 4 along the gate line
  • the arrangement direction of the wire electrodes increases sequentially.
  • the grid electrode 4 is provided with welding enhancement points 7, and the width of the welding enhancement point 7 is greater than the width of the grid electrode 4. Setting the welding enhancement point 7 can make the grid wire electrode 4 and the wire form better contact when the solar cell is connected to the wire later, and reduce the bad contact between the grid wire electrode 4 and the wire.
  • the welding reinforcement point 7 may be a metal sheet with a structure such as a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, and a square.
  • pads 8 are provided on each battery cell 2.
  • the pads 8 are located at the adjacent edges of two adjacent battery cells 2, and the pads 8 are arranged at intervals along the edges. Wherein, the pads may be provided on one side of the battery unit 2 or the pads 8 may be provided on the opposite sides.
  • the pads 8 may be uniformly arranged along the edge or unevenly arranged.
  • the pad 8 when the shape of the electrode assembly 2 is radial, the pad 8 is located near the edge of the electrode assembly radiation convergence direction.
  • the connecting electrode 6 penetrates through each gate electrode 4 of the same electrode assembly 3, and extends to the pad provided at the edge of the battery cell 8.
  • the connecting electrode 6 can play a certain role in current convergence, and can effectively prevent the situation that some areas of the current cannot be collected when the battery cell has a broken grid or a poor connection.
  • the pad 8 can be The auxiliary collection function of the connecting electrode 6 has a better current concentrating effect, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar cell.
  • the electrode assembly in the same battery cell may adopt any combination of the foregoing forms.
  • any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be constructed as a limitation to the claims.
  • the word “comprising” does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims.
  • the word “a” or “an” preceding an element does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements.
  • the application can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several devices, several of these devices may be embodied in the same hardware item.
  • the use of the words first, second, and third does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种太阳电池，包括基底，基底上形成有两个以上间隔设置的电池单元，电池单元包括至少一个电极集合，电极集合包括多条并排设置的栅线电极。上述方案，电极集合设置了栅线电极而不再设置主栅，显著降低了太阳电池的遮光面积，有利于提高该太阳电池的光电转换性能。本方案中，栅线电极可以做的更密、更细，则载流子输送至栅线电极的路径大幅缩短，降低了串联电阻。此外，由于省去了主栅，则省了印刷主栅的银浆耗量，降低了生产成本。还有，由于电池单元之间是间隔设置的，根据需要沿间隔处对太阳电池进行切割后，其切割边缘不存在切割主栅太阳电池时出现的银电极残留，避免了因切割边缘处具有银电极残留而造成互联后短路的问题。

Description

一种太阳电池
本申请要求在2019年01月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910080969.7、发明名称为“太阳电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请一般涉及太阳能光伏发电技术领域，具体涉及一种太阳电池。
背景技术
高效率、低成本太阳电池及组件的开发是光伏行业不变的主题。随着光伏技术的发展，各种高效电池和组件互联技术不断涌现。近年来叠片互联技术逐渐成为业内研究的焦点。
现有传统太阳能电池片为正反面均有电极主栅线结构，尤其是正面电极主栅线会遮挡一部分太阳光，降低了整体太阳能电池片转换效率，而且传统的有主栅太阳能电池片使用焊带焊接，通过焊带将一太阳能电池片的正面主栅和相邻太阳能电池片的背面电极串接，这用连接方式易造成太阳能电池片隐裂的问题，一旦产生隐裂，则太阳能电池片整体效率会快速降低，甚至导致太阳能电池片完全失效报废。
现有的具有主栅的太阳电池，其正面电极和栅线为几条平行的主栅线和与主栅线垂直的多条细栅线(通常为100多条)，当需要将整片电池切割成半片或更小单元的电池片，用以制造叠片组件或其他类型组件时，切割的栅线边缘的银电极可能会在层压的过程中搭接到电池边缘造成短路，给组件的可靠性带来重大风险。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中的上述缺陷或不足，期望提供一种太阳电池，用以解决现有主栅太阳电池主栅遮光面积大，导致效率不高，以及切割为多片电池片进行叠片互联时存在短路的风险。
本申请提供一种太阳电池，包括基底，所述基底上形成有两个以上间 隔设置的电池单元，所述电池单元包括至少一个电极集合，所述电极集合包括多条并排设置的栅线电极。
进一步地，至少部分电极集合中的至少部分栅线电极之间设置有连接电极。
进一步地，所述电池单元的数量为2-50个。
进一步地，两相邻所述电池单元之间的间隔距离为0.1-3mm。
进一步地，至少部分相邻的所述电池单元之间连接有第一连接线，所述第一连接线位于相邻的所述电池单元之间的间隔位置处。
进一步地，每一所述电池单元的所述电极集合的数量为1-20个。
进一步地，所述电池单元包括多个所述电极集合；
所述电极集合的形状为矩形，多个矩形的所述电极集合平行设置；或，所述电极集合的形状为辐射状，多个辐射状的所述电极集合辐射状设置。
进一步地，所述栅线电极为直线、弧线、折线或曲线。
进一步地，相邻两所述电极集合中的所述栅线电极间断设置；或，相邻两所述电极集合中的至少部分所述栅线电极一体延伸。
进一步地，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极等距排布；或，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极之间的间距，沿所述栅线电极的排布方向依次变小。
进一步地，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极的长度相等；或，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极的长度，沿所述栅线电极的排布方向依次增长。
进一步地，至少部分栅线电极上设置有焊接增强点，所述焊接增强点的宽度大于栅线电极的宽度。
进一步地，至少部分所述电池单元上设置有焊盘，所述焊盘设置于靠近所述电池单元边缘部位。
进一步地，每一所述电池单元上均设置2-20个所述焊盘，所述焊盘位 于两相邻所述电池单元相邻的边缘处，且所述焊盘沿所述边缘间隔排布。
进一步地，在所述电极集合的形状为辐射状的情况下，所述焊盘位于靠近所述电极集合辐射汇聚方向的边缘。
进一步地，所述连接电极贯穿同一所述电极集合的各栅线电极，并延伸至所述电池单元边缘处设置的焊盘。
上述方案，电极集合设置了栅线电极而不再设置主栅，显著降低了太阳电池的遮光面积，有利于提高该太阳电池的光电转换性能。本方案中，栅线电极可以做的更密、更细，则载流子输送至栅线电极的路径大幅缩短，降低了串联电阻。此外，由于省去了主栅，则省了印刷主栅的银浆耗量，降低了生产成本。还有，由于电池单元之间是间隔设置的，根据需要沿间隔处对太阳电池进行切割后，其切割边缘不存在切割主栅太阳电池时出现的银电极残留，避免了因切割边缘处具有银电极残留而造成互联后短路的问题。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第1种结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第2种结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第1种结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第3种结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第4种结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第5种结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第6种结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第7种结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第2种结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第3种结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第4种结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第5种结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第6种结构示意图；
图14为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第8种结构示意图；
图15为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第9种结构示意图；
图16为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第10种结构示意图；
图17为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第11种结构示意图；
图18为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第7种结构示意图；
图19为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第8种结构示意图；
图20为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第9种结构示意图；
图21为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第10种结构示意图；
图22为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第11种结构示意图；
图23为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第12种结构示意图；
图24为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第13种结构示意图；
图25为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第12种结构示意图；
图26为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第13种结构示意图；
图27为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第14种结构示意图；
图28为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第15种结构示意图；
图29为本发明实施例提供的太阳电池的第16种结构示意图；
图30为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第14种结构示意图；
图31为本发明实施例提供的电池单元的第15种结构示意图。
具体实施例
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释相关发明，而非对该发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与发明相关的部分。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。如图1所示，本申请提供的太阳电池，包括基底1，基底1上形成有两个以上间隔设置的电池单元2，电池单元2包括至少一个电极集合3，电极集合3包括多条并排设置的栅线电极4。
例如，在一片基底1上，同时形成四个电池单元2，其中，图1中虚线框出的区域为一个电池单元2。该电池单元2设置了一个电极集合3，该电机集合3包括了多条并排设置的栅线电极4。
当然，还可以如图2所述的结构，虚线框出的区域为一个电池单元2，该电池单元包括了8个电极集合3，每一个电极集合3均具有多条并排设置的栅线电极4。
当然，电池单元2及电极集合3的数量不仅仅局限于上述两例的数量，根据实际需要，还可以设置为其他数量。
上述方案，电极集合3设置了栅线电极而不再设置主栅，显著降低了太阳电池的遮光面积，有利于提高该太阳电池的光电转换性能。本方案中， 栅线电极4可以做的更密、更细，则载流子输送至栅线电极4的路径大幅缩短，降低了串联电阻。此外，由于省去了主栅，则省了印刷主栅的银浆耗量，降低了生产成本。还有，由于电池单元2之间是间隔设置的，根据需要沿间隔处对太阳电池进行切割后，其切割边缘不存在切割主栅太阳电池时出现的银电极残留，避免了因切割边缘处具有银电极残留而造成互联后短路的问题。
另外，在设置多个电极集合4的情况下，可以根据需要的裁切对应数量的电极集合4，作为后续叠片互联的最小单元，切割方式比较灵活。
进一步地，如图3所示，至少部分电极集合中的至少部分栅线电极之间设置有连接电极6。
例如，可以是两相邻的栅线电极之间设置连接电极6，也可以是设置一条连接电极6来连接同一电极集合3内的所有栅线电极4。连接电极6与栅线电极的连接方式及连接电极6的长短及宽度，可以根据具体的使用环境确定。
在同一电池单元2不同的电极集合3中，可以采用不同的连接电极6，即可以采用连接所有栅线电极4的连接电极6，也可以采用仅连接相邻栅线电极4的连接电极6。
这里设置的连接电极6，一方面可以起到一定的电流汇聚作用，另一方面可以防止栅线电极4出现断栅或连接不良的时候，出现局部区域电流无法收集的问题。
进一步地，为了保证该太阳电池切割的灵活性，又不因电池单元过多，而造成间隔区域占用的总面积过大而影响到该太阳电池的转换效能，则电池单元2的数量为2-50个。例如，设置为4、8、16、24、32、50个等。
进一步地，两相邻电池单元2之间的间隔距离为0.1-3mm，例如可以为0.1mm、1mm、2mm、3mm等。采用上述间隔距离，既可以保证具有足够的切割宽度，避免切割后在切割位置处残留栅线金属，也提高了基板上空间的利用率，避免因间隔距离太大而浪费基板上有限的空间。
进一步地，另参见图2所示，至少部分相邻的电池单元之间连接有第一连接线5，第一连接线5位于相邻的电池单元2之间的间隔位置处。第一连接线5例如但不限于为与栅线电极相同的银栅线或铝栅线等。
在电池单元2最外层设置有一圈外框电极时，第一连接线5可以连接相邻两电池单元的外框电极，当然也可以连接两相邻电池单元的栅线电极4。在电池单元最外层不设置外框电极时，连接两相邻电池单元2的栅线电极4。
进一步地，每一电池单元2的电极集合3的数量为1-20个，例如1个、4个、8个、16个、20个等，在设置一定数量的电极集合3的情况下，可以根据需要来选定切割的数量，使得该太阳电池可以被灵活的切割。
进一步地，电池单元2包括多个电极集合3；多个电极集合3平行设置。例如但不限于，电极集合3的形状为矩形，这里所说的电极集合3为矩形，并不是限定电极集合3外围具有矩形的边框，其可以是电极集合3内的各栅线电极4可以被一虚拟的矩形框所包围，栅线电极4可以是直线、弧线、折线等，如图2、图4-图13所示，多个矩形状的电极集合3平行设置。
或者，多个电极集合3辐射状设置。这里所说的辐射状可以是类似于扇形、梯形、两底为弧线的梯形等两相对边一长一短的扩展形状，如图14-图22所示。当然，只要是多个电极集合3位于电池单元2一边的端部靠近，另一端远离即为上述的辐射状设置，如图23、图24所示。
进一步地，栅线电极4为直线、弧线、折线或曲线。如图1、图2、图4、图21-图25所示，栅线电极4为直线。如图3、图9、图11、图13-图18、图26-图29所示，栅线电极4为弧线，可以是一段弧线，也可以是两端以上顺次连接的弧线。如图5-图8、图10、图12、图19、图20、图30、图31所示，栅线电极4折线。当然，栅线电极4还可以是除上述结构外的曲线。
进一步地，如图2-图12、图14-图24所示，相邻两电极集合3中的栅线电极4间断设置，即两个相邻电极集合3中的栅线电极4是不连续的。或者，如图13所示，相邻两电极集合3中的至少部分栅线电极4一体延伸，即两个相邻电极集合3中的栅线电极4是连续的，栅线电极4从一个电极集 合3延伸至相邻的另一个电极集合3。
进一步地，至少同一电极集合中的栅线电极等距排布；或者至少同一电极集合中的栅线电极之间的间距，沿栅线电极的排布方向依次变小，可以更好的优化电流收集路线，从而提高电流收集能力，提高该太阳电池的效率。
进一步地，参见图2所示，至少同一电极集合3中的栅线电极4的长度相等，例如电极集合3为矩形时，栅线电极4的长度相等。或者另参见图3所示，至少同一电极集合3中的栅线电极4的长度，沿栅线电极的排布方向依次增长，例如电极集合3为辐射状时，栅线电极4的长度沿栅线电极的排布方向依次增长。
进一步地，参见图3所示，至少部分栅线电极4上设置有焊接增强点7，焊接增强点7的宽度大于栅线电极4的宽度。设置焊接增强点7可以在后续进行太阳电池与导线连接时，使栅线电极4能与导线形成较好的接触，减少栅线电极4与导线的不良接触。焊接增强点7可以是圆形、椭圆形、多边形、方形等结构形式的金属片。
进一步地，如图4、图6、图8、图11-图13、图16-18、图22、图24、图25、图28图29、图31所示，至少部分电池单元2上设置有焊盘8，焊盘8设置于靠近电池单元2边缘部位。当然，根据实际的需要焊盘也可以设置于其他位置处。通过电池单元2边缘部位设置焊盘8，可以为后续太阳电池的互联及多个太阳电池组成的组件的互联过程中，使电连接部位通过焊盘8进行连接，获得较好的电路连接质量。
进一步地，每一电池单元2上均设置2-20个焊盘8，焊盘8位于两相邻电池单元2相邻的边缘处，且焊盘8沿所述边缘间隔排布。其中，可以在电池单元2的一边设置焊盘，也可以在相对的两边均设置焊盘8，焊盘8可以沿着边缘均匀设置，也可以非均匀设置。
进一步地，图16-图18、图20、图22、图24所示，在电极集合2的形状为辐射状的情况下，焊盘8位于靠近电极集合辐射汇聚方向的边缘。
进一步地，如图8、图18、如20、图22、图24、图31所示，连接电极6贯穿同一电极集合3的各栅线电极4，并延伸至电池单元边缘处设置的焊 盘8。采用此种结构该连接电极6可以起到一定的电流汇聚作用，并且可以有效防止在电池单元出现断栅或者连接不良的时候，出现的部分区域电流无法收集的情况，此外，焊盘8可以在连接电极6的辅助收集作用下，起到更好的电流汇聚作用，从而提高该太阳电池的效率。
另外需要说明的是，除了上述各例，同一电池单元中的电极集合可以采用上述任意形式的组合。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本申请中所涉及的发明范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离发明构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。
本文中所称的“一个实施例”、“实施例”或者“一个或者多个实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或者特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。此外，请注意，这里“在一个实施例中”的词语例子不一定全指同一个实施例。
在此处所提供的说明书中，说明了大量具体细节。然而，能够理解，本申请的实施例可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下被实践。在一些实例中，并未详细示出公知的方法、结构和技术，以便不模糊对本说明书的理解。
在权利要求中，不应将位于括号之间的任何参考符号构造成对权利要求的限制。单词“包含”不排除存在未列在权利要求中的元件或步骤。位于元件之前的单词“一”或“一个”不排除存在多个这样的元件。本申请可以借助于包括有若干不同元件的硬件以及借助于适当编程的计算机来实现。在列举了若干装置的单元权利要求中，这些装置中的若干个可以是通过同一个硬件项来具体体现。单词第一、第二、以及第三等的使用不表示任何顺序。可将这些单词解释为名称。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种太阳电池，包括基底，其特征在于，所述基底上形成有两个以上间隔设置的电池单元，所述电池单元包括至少一个电极集合，所述电极集合包括多条并排设置的栅线电极。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，至少部分电极集合中的至少部分栅线电极之间设置有连接电极。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，所述电池单元的数量为2-50个。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，两相邻所述电池单元之间的间隔距离为0.1-3mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，至少部分相邻的所述电池单元之间连接有第一连接线，所述第一连接线位于相邻的所述电池单元之间的间隔位置处。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，每一所述电池单元的所述电极集合的数量为1-20个。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括多个所述电极集合；多个所述电极集合平行设置；或，多个所述电极集合辐射状设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，所述栅线电极为直线、弧线、折线或曲线。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，相邻两所述电极集合中的所述栅线电极间断设置；或，相邻两所述电极集合中的至少部分所述栅线电极一体延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极等距排布；或，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极之间的间距，沿所述栅线电极的排布方向依次变小。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极的长度相等；或，至少同一电极集合中的所述栅线电极的长度，沿所述栅线电极的排布方向依次增长。
  12. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，至少部分栅线电极上设置有焊接增强点，所述焊接增强点的宽度大于栅线电极的宽度。
  13. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，至少部分所述电池单元上设置有焊盘，所述焊盘设置于靠近所述电池单元边缘部位。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，每一所述电池单元上均设置2-20个所述焊盘，所述焊盘位于两相邻所述电池单元相邻的边缘处，且所述焊盘沿所述边缘间隔排布。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，在所述电极集合的形状为辐射状的情况下，所述焊盘位于靠近所述电极集合辐射汇聚方向的边缘。
  16. 根据权利要求2所述的太阳电池，其特征在于，所述连接电极贯穿同一所述电极集合的各栅线电极，并延伸至所述电池单元边缘处设置的焊盘。
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