WO2018223868A1 - 一种光伏太阳能电池片组件 - Google Patents

一种光伏太阳能电池片组件 Download PDF

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WO2018223868A1
WO2018223868A1 PCT/CN2018/088808 CN2018088808W WO2018223868A1 WO 2018223868 A1 WO2018223868 A1 WO 2018223868A1 CN 2018088808 W CN2018088808 W CN 2018088808W WO 2018223868 A1 WO2018223868 A1 WO 2018223868A1
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cell
type
shape
battery
sheets
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PCT/CN2018/088808
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English (en)
French (fr)
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崔鹏
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崔鹏
浙江深弘智能装备有限公司
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Publication of WO2018223868A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223868A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of photovoltaic solar modules, and in particular to a photovoltaic solar cell assembly.
  • the cell is designed as a regular hexagon, such as Chinese patents CN201663166U, CN202142545U, CN202796976U, CN204011447U, CN105316758A and CN202585439U, and patents have designed the cell to be diamond-shaped CN204011447U.
  • the patent CN202585439U specifically discloses a monocrystalline silicon solar cell module, wherein the cell part in the middle part of the module adopts a complete hexagonal cell sheet, and has a rectangular shape in the overall structure, at four edges of the component (including the gap). , and then fill in half of the hexagonal cell sheet, in this way to form a complete, non-vacuum cell arrangement of components, the patent can reduce the cost, and give a specific cell sheet cutting manufacturing method, but not In the assembly in which both the complete hexagonal and the semi-hexagonal battery sheets coexist, the current is not equal due to the inconsistent area of the battery sheets.
  • the patent CN 204011447 U specifically discloses a crystalline silicon solar energy battery chip assembly, which is formed in a diamond shape, obtained from a regular hexagonal battery sheet, and has an equal area of the battery. This solution can reduce the production cost, but there is a contradiction between the area where the battery piece cannot completely fill the component and the shape of the original rectangular shape of the change component.
  • the shape of the PV module is generally rectangular (square). In a limited area, the battery area should be covered as much as possible without leaving a large gap to maximize the output.
  • the conventional monocrystalline silicon battery does exist because of the square shape, which causes the manufacturing cost of the silicon wafer to be high, and there is a problem of material waste.
  • the above-disclosed patents are based on changing the shape of a conventional battery sheet to reduce the manufacturing cost, but fail to solve all problems more perfectly.
  • a photovoltaic solar cell module which is a square structure formed by splicing a plurality of rows or columns of cell string units, wherein the cell string unit is formed by a series connection of battery cells of equal area
  • the shape of the battery piece is any one or more of the four regular shapes of the first type shape, the second type shape, the third type shape, and the fourth type shape, and the battery string unit performs circuit sense through the conductor.
  • the first type of shape is an isosceles trapezoid
  • the second type is a right-angled trapezoid
  • the third type is a symmetrical pentagon
  • the fourth type is a symmetrical hexagon.
  • the first type of shape is: an isosceles trapezoid and both bottom angles are 60 degrees.
  • the second type of shape is: a right angle trapezoid and a base angle between 30 and 90 degrees, but not including 90 degrees.
  • the third type of shape is: a pentagon and two of the sides are substantially parallel and respectively at an angle of 90 degrees to the adjacent same side, and at an angle of 120 degrees to the other adjacent side.
  • the fourth type of shape is: a symmetrical hexagon and two of the opposite sides are parallel and both form an angle of 120 degrees with the respective adjacent sides.
  • the photovoltaic solar cell module is characterized in that the four types of battery sheets have different degrees of rounded corners at different corners, and the lengths of the sides are different, but the sides and the sides are different. The relationship between the angles remains the same.
  • the battery piece of the same battery string unit may be any one or more of four shapes, but the areas must be equal, and the area of the battery pieces in different battery string units may be different, but
  • the current or voltage after receiving different light string unit is the same or 2, 3, 4, 5, 3/2, 5/2, 7/2, 4/3, 5/3, 7/3, 8/3, The proportional relationship of 5/4, 7/4, and 9/4, so that the battery cell strings can be connected in series by series and parallel connection.
  • the front surface of the battery sheets and the back surfaces of the adjacent battery sheets are sequentially welded or bonded by a metal conductor.
  • the edges of the adjacent battery sheets are sequentially overlapped and bonded or welded by a conductive material having bonding or soldering properties.
  • the cell sheets when the cell sheets are connected, the cell sheets are tiled and bonded or soldered to a conductor plate or a conductor film having a circuit shape.
  • the cell string units constituting each row or column of the cell assembly are electrically connected in series, in parallel, or mixed by conductors.
  • the battery sheet in the assembly of the present invention comprises any one or several of the four shape types, and each shape may be derived from a plurality of specific shapes due to the difference in specific side lengths.
  • the area of each cell directly connected to the string in the cell string unit must be equal, and only the cells of the same area can be directly connected to each other in a string (row or column), so that the circuit can be connected in series to form a cell. String unit.
  • the cell string unit is not necessarily a row and a column in the overall sense of the component.
  • Each row of cells in one component may have one or several cell string units, and the cells in each column may also There are one or several battery string units.
  • the cells in different cell string units may have the same or different area, but the current or voltage of the cell string unit is equal or proportional, which is parallel, series, or mixed with the cell string unit. Related to the relationship.
  • the function of connecting the cells is to combine the electrons emitted by the light of each cell into the component. If the light-receiving surface of the battery is used as the negative pole in the sense of the circuit (after the light is received, the electrons rush toward the light-receiving surface of the battery), then the non-light-receiving surface of the battery is used as the positive pole in the circuit sense, that is, the positive and negative of the battery
  • the electrodes are on different surfaces of the battery sheet.
  • the way of connecting the battery sheets is: for each battery string unit, the edges of adjacent battery sheets are sequentially overlapped, that is, the edge of the light receiving surface of each of the battery sheets.
  • each row (or column) of cells constituting the component is connected into one or several cell string units to form a series connection in the sense of a circuit, so that current is formed between each cell, and then these different cells are replaced.
  • the string unit through other conductors, performs series, parallel or hybridization in the sense of the circuit, thus combining the outgoing wires of all the cells.
  • Another type of cell is connected by sequentially bonding (bonding) the front surface of each cell to the back side of the adjacent cell sheet with a metal conductor having soldering properties.
  • Each two adjacent cell sheets may be connected by a plurality of mutually parallel conductors, such as two, three, four or five, so that the cells of each row (or column) constituting the assembly are connected into one or several The battery string unit, and then these different battery string units, through other conductors, in the sense of series, parallel or hybrid in the sense of circuit, and finally the combined wire transfer of all the battery pieces.
  • the conductor may be a metal strip, such as a copper strip having solder on the surface, or a metal strip having a surface treated, but the surface is coated with or adhered to a conductive material such as a pressure sensitive conductive paste.
  • the light-receiving surface of the cell has no polarity in the circuit sense (after the light is received, the electrons are directed to the part of the back surface), then part of the non-light-receiving surface of the cell is used as the negative electrode and the other part is the positive electrode, that is, the cell
  • the positive and negative electrodes are on the back side of the battery sheet (non-light-receiving surface).
  • one way to connect the battery sheets is to flatten all the battery sheets into a matrix (there may be no gaps or small gaps between the battery sheets).
  • the back surface (non-light-receiving surface) of all the cell sheets is bonded (welded) to the metal and has a soldering property according to a certain rule with a conductive material having bonding (welding) properties
  • the conductor may be simply
  • a metal conductor of a certain circuit pattern or a conductor having a certain circuit pattern attached to another board (film) enables the battery sheet to perform an electrical connection according to a certain specification.
  • the metal conductor may be a metal ribbon, such as a copper strip having solder on the surface, or a metal strip having a surface treated, but the surface is coated with or adhered to a blocking function such as a pressure sensitive conductive paste.
  • the back part of the cell sheet is a positive electrode in the sense of a circuit, and some parts are negative electrodes in the sense of a circuit, the parts of the two different electrodes are connected by different conductors to avoid being in the same cell. , forming a short circuit in the sense of the circuit.
  • the positive electrode on each cell is connected to the negative electrode of the adjacent cell through a conductor, so that adjacent cells form a series connection in the sense of circuit, thus forming each row (or column) of the component.
  • the battery cells are connected into one or several battery string units, and then the different battery string units are passed through other electrical conductors in series, parallel or mixed in the sense of circuit, and finally the wire transfers from all the battery cells are combined. Export.
  • a conductive film (board) which is equivalent to a circuit board in which the back surfaces of all the battery sheets are bonded (welded).
  • the positive electrode portion and the negative electrode portion on the back surface of the battery sheet are bonded (welded) to the conductor of the film (plate), and the conductor on the conductor film (plate)
  • the positive electrode of each cell can be connected to the negative electrode of the adjacent cell, so that the adjacent cells form a series connection in the sense of circuit, so that each row (or column) of the component will be formed.
  • the cells are connected into one or several cell string units, and then the different cell string units are further connected in series, parallel, or mixed in the sense of circuit, and finally the combined wire transfers of all the cells are combined and exported.
  • connection modes for the battery sheets can be used in one or several of the same components, or can be used for the battery sheets in any row (column).
  • the invention Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the manufacturing cost of the battery sheet can be reduced, and the power generation amount of the component can be obtained.
  • the acquisition of the four shape type battery sheets can be flexibly obtained from It is obtained by cutting on a silicon ingot to reduce material waste.
  • the crystal silicon ingot cuts out the silicon wafers of the four shape types, which can increase the utilization rate of the silicon ingot by about 17% compared with the conventional single square silicon wafer.
  • the photovoltaic industry as a new energy technology industry, is in the field of high energy consumption and pollution in the manufacture of silicon ingots. Saving material waste and making more efficient use of silicon materials are of great significance to the country's energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • the present invention is for conventional components.
  • the increase in power generation exceeds 10%.
  • the battery piece is a quadrilateral battery piece with rounded corners, and a plurality of battery pieces are arranged to cause a gap by the rounded corners of the battery, so that the area of the component cannot be effectively covered by the battery piece, and the present invention will be between the battery pieces.
  • the void is reduced to a minimum.
  • it will also cause the difference in power generation of the components.
  • the different connection resistances caused by the connection method the lower the connection resistance, the larger the power generation of the components; the smaller the cell area, the battery string unit The lower the current in the middle, the greater the amount of power generated by the components.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery chip assembly composed of a conventional prismatic battery
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the shape of several conventional battery sheets
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the shape of several battery sheets of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a battery pack assembly composed of two types of battery sheets
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the edge of the battery sheet being sequentially overlapped with the edge of the adjacent battery sheet;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the bonding of conductive materials having adhesive properties between overlapping portions of the battery sheets
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic views of a battery chip assembly constructed using a second type of battery sheet
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of a battery pack assembly constructed using three shapes of battery sheets
  • 10 and 11 are schematic views showing the structure of connecting the front surface of the battery sheet to the back surface of the adjacent battery sheet by a metal conductor;
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of welding (bonding) the back surface of the battery sheet to a soft film or a hard board having a circuit rule.
  • the battery sheets in each of the battery string units are of the same type, and the shape of the battery sheets in different battery string units is different, but the areas are the same.
  • a battery pack assembly comprising a first type and a second type of battery sheet, wherein the first type of battery sheet comprises two sizes, each of which has a side shape The length is basically the same.
  • the second type of cell has an A-shape and a B-shape, all of which have the same area.
  • Each row of cells constitutes a cell string unit, and belongs to the same type, wherein the first row and the seventh row constitute a cell string unit of the second type of cell, and the remaining cells of the first type of shape are composed of cells.
  • the cell string unit, and the length of the parallel sides in each cell coincides with the length of the parallel sides of adjacent cells.
  • the connection between the cells in each row can be any way. If the edges of two adjacent cell sheets are adhered by a conductive material having adhesive properties, the edges of the two parallel sides in each cell sheet are sequentially overlapped with the edges of the parallel sides of the adjacent cell sheets, and the overlapping portions are Refer to Figures 5 and 6 for bonding of conductive materials with bonding properties.
  • the solar cell module of the present embodiment can more completely cover the effective area of the battery module without leaving a large gap, thereby improving the utilization rate of the battery sheet and saving. material.
  • all of the battery sheets are of the same type and have the same area, as shown in FIGS.
  • the battery sheets constituting the components are all of the second type of battery sheets, and each row can be directly connected as a battery string unit, or each column can be directly connected as a battery string unit, and the connection manner can be any manner. If each row is used as a cell string unit, the conductive material having adhesive properties is sequentially overlapped with the edges of the parallel sides of the adjacent cell sheets, and the overlapping portions are bonded with a conductive material having adhesive properties; if each column is used as a battery The string unit is sequentially overlapped with the edges of the non-parallel sides of the adjacent battery sheets, and the overlapping portions are bonded with a conductive material having adhesive properties.
  • the base angle of the right-angled trapezoid of the second type of cell sheet used may vary between 30 and less than 90 degrees. In Fig. 7, it is 60 degrees, and in Fig. 8, it is 85 degrees.
  • the battery sheets in each of the battery string units are of various types, and the area of the battery sheets in different battery string units is different.
  • the battery sheets constituting the assembly include a first type, a second type, and a third type, wherein the first row and the seventh row are composed of the second type and the third type of battery sheets and the battery sheet The area is the same; the remaining rows are composed of the first type of battery sheets and the area of the battery sheets is the same, but the area of the first and seventh rows of the battery sheets is different from the area of the other rows of the battery sheets, and their area ratio is 6 :7, but as long as the voltage of each row of cells is the same, or the current of each row of cells is the same, it has practical significance.
  • the battery sheets constituting the assembly include the first type and the third type of battery sheets.
  • the first type of cell sheet is soldered (bonded) to the front surface of the metal conductor (wire or strip) with soldering properties, which are sequentially soldered (bonded) to the back surface of the adjacent cell sheet.
  • the third type of cell sheet has a front surface solder joint (bonded) having two metal conductors (wire or strip) having soldering properties, which are sequentially soldered (bonded) to the back surface of the adjacent cell sheet. There are only very small (even negligible) gaps between the cells.
  • the metal conductors used for soldering (bonding) properties are not limited in number for each cell. For example, it can be two, three or any number. For each cell, the positional relationship of these metal conductors depends on the current collected by the metal conductor on the cell as equal as possible.
  • a metal conductor is required to sequentially solder the back side of each cell.
  • the rule of bonding (welding) of such a metal conductor to each cell sheet is to ensure that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the same cell are separately bonded (welded) by different metal conductors to avoid positive and negative on the same cell.
  • the electrodes are short-circuited, and at the same time, the positive electrode of each cell is bonded (welded) to the adjacent negative electrode of the cell, so that each cell forms a series connection in the sense of a circuit, and the current passing through each conductor is as equal as possible.
  • the number of metal conductors is not limited for each of the battery sheets, and the shape of the metal conductor may also have a more complicated shape.
  • the battery sheets constituting the assembly include the first type and the third type of battery sheets, and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery sheets are on different portions of the back surface of the battery sheet.
  • the metal conductor is attached to the soft film or the hard plate and has a certain circuit rule. It can be called a conductive film (board). This conductive film (board) is equivalent to a circuit board, and the metal conductor is patterned.
  • the positive and negative electrodes of the same cell do not form a short circuit in the sense of a circuit, and at the same time, the cells in each cell string unit are connected in series.
  • the pattern of metal conductors on the film (plate) can be made more complex so that the metal conductors can more uniformly collect the current of each cell.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，该电池片组件是由多行或列的电池片串单元拼接形成的方形结构，电池片串单元由面积相等的四种规则形状的任意种电池片成串连接而成，电池片彼此连接方式，可以金属带彼此焊接，也可将电池片彼此边缘重叠以导电胶粘连，也可将电池片平铺并固定在金属导体或者是附着在其它具有电路图形的导体上。与现有技术相比，本发明解决现有技术中面积不同的电池片不能直接进行电路意义上串联连接的问题，采用本发明形状的电池片能更好拼成一个完整的方形整体，更完全地覆盖组件的面积，提高发电效率，能更好地利用有限的硅材料，减少材料浪费、降低成本。

Description

一种光伏太阳能电池片组件 技术领域
本发明涉及光伏太阳能组件领域，具体涉及一种光伏太阳能电池片组件。
背景技术
随着经济的快速发展，能源消耗量越来越大，雾霾问题日益严重，人们对可再生新能源不断探索。其中，太阳能在新能源的研究中占据了重要的地位，光伏太阳能发电是太阳能应用的核心代表。提高太阳能电池的转换效率同时降低太阳能电池组件的制造成本是目前太阳能电池研究领域的一个主要目标，也是整个光伏产业不断探索的重要工作。这其中，设计方式决定生产工艺方式。
传统的电池片形状是正方形或者近似正方形(四角为圆角)，也出现了长方形或者近似长方形。由正方形与近似正方形(四角为圆角)电池片所构成的组件，其连接方式是由金属焊带作为导体，依次将彼此相邻的电池片的正面与背面相互焊接，受到正方形形状的限制，在切割正方形(类似正方形)的过程中，存在较大的硅料浪费，电池片利用率低。
为了提高光伏电池片的利用率，很多专利公开了将电池片设计成正六边形，如中国专利CN201663166U、CN202142545U、CN202796976U、CN204011447U、CN105316758A和CN202585439U，也有专利将电池片设计成菱形CN204011447U。
其中，专利CN202585439U具体公开了一种单晶硅太阳能电池片组件，该组件中间部分的电池片采用完整的六边形电池片，为了组成整体结构呈长方形，在组件四个边缘处(包括空隙)，再填以六边形电池片的半片，以此方式组成完整的、不留空隙的电池片排列而成的组件，该专利可降低成本，并给出了具体电池片切割制造方法，但未解决在既有完整六边形又有半六边形电池片共存的组件中，由于电池 片面积大小不一致而导致电流不相等的问题。
其中，专利CN 204011447 U具体公开了一种晶硅太阳能能电池片组件，该电池片成菱形，由正六边形电池片获得，且电池片面积相等。该方案能降低生产成本，但存在电池片无法完全填充组件的面积与改变组件原有的长方形的形状之间的矛盾。
光伏组件的外形一般是长方形(正方形)，在有限的面积中，尽量将电池片铺满整个面积，不留较大间隙，才能最大化输出电量。但传统单晶硅电池片，确实存在因为正方形，而导致制造硅片制造成本高，存在材料浪费的问题。上述公开的专利，是以改变传统电池片形状来降低制造成本为出发点，但未能更完善地解决所有问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决上述问题而提供一种光伏太阳能电池片组件。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，该电池片组件是由多行或列的电池片串单元拼接形成的方形结构，所述的电池片串单元由面积相等的电池片成串连接而成，所述的电池片的形状为第一类型形状、第二类型形状、第三类型形状以及第四类型形状这四种规则形状的任意一种或几种，所述的电池片串单元通过导体进行电路意义上的串联、并联或者混联，其中，第一类型形状为等腰梯形，第二类型形状为直角梯形，第三类型形状为对称五边形，第四类型形状为对称六边形。
进一步地，所述的第一类型形状为：等腰梯形且两个底角均为60度。
进一步地，所述的第二类型形状为：直角梯形且一个底角在30到90度之间，但不包含90度。
进一步地，所述的第三类型形状为：五边形且其中有两条边基本平行，并分别与相邻的同一边成90度角，与各自的另一条邻边成120度角。
进一步地，所述的第四类型形状为：对称六边形且其中两条对边平行且都与各自的邻边成120度夹角。
进一步地，所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，这四种类型的电池片，各角会出现不同程度的圆角，各边的长短比例也会不一样，但边与边之间的角度关系不变。
所述的电池片串单元中，同一电池片串单元的电池片可以是四种形状中的任意一种或几种，但面积必须相等，不同电池片串单元中电池片的面积可以不同，但不同电池片串单元受光后的电流或电压相同或成2、3、4、5、3/2、5/2、7/2、4/3、5/3、7/3、8/3、5/4、7/4、9/4的比例关系，这样可以通过串并联将各电池片串单元进行电路上的连接。
所述的电池片串单元中电池片连接时，采用金属导体依次将电池片的正面与相邻电池片的背面焊接或粘接。
所述的电池片串单元中电池片连接时，依次将彼此相邻的电池片的边缘重叠并采用具有粘接或焊接性能的导电物质进行粘接或焊接。
所述的电池片串单元中电池片连接时，将电池片平铺并粘接或焊接在带有电路形状的导体板或导体膜上。
构成电池片组件的每行或列的电池片串单元通过导体进行电路意义上的串联、并联或者混联。
本发明构成组件中的电池片，包含这四种形状类型中的任意一种或者几种，每种形状可以由于具体边长的不同，衍生出很多具体的形状。电池片串单元中每一直接连接成串的电池片面积一定要相等，只有面积相等的电池片彼此才可以直接连接成串(行或列)，才可进行电路意义上的串联，构成电池片串单元。
需要指出的是，电池片串单元不一定是组件整体意义上的行和列，在一个组件内的每行电池片，可以有一个或几个电池片串单元，每列中电池片，也可以有一个或几个电池片串单元。
不同电池片串单元中的电池片，彼此的面积可以相同也可以不同， 但电池片串单元整体的电流或电压相等或者成规则比例，这与电池片串单元之间的并联、串联、或者混联关系有关。
将电池片连接起来的功能在于将每个电池片的受光后所发的电子，汇合并导出组件。如果电池片受光表面作为电路意义上的负极(受光后，电子奔向电池片的受光表面)，那么电池片的非受光面做为电路意义上的正极，也就是说，电池片的正、负电极在电池片的不同表面，此种情况下，连接电池片的方式为：对于每个电池片串单元，依次将相邻电池片的边缘重叠起来，也即每一片电池片的受光面的边缘，与相邻另一片电池片非受光面的边缘重叠起来(电池片平行的两条边缘)，重叠的两个电池片边缘之间，通过有粘接性能的导电物质将两个边缘粘连起来，如此，将构成组件的每行(或列)电池片连接成一个或者几个电池片串单元，形成电路意义上的串联，使每个电池片之间，形成电流，再将这些不同的电池片串单元，通过其他导电体，进行电路意义上的串联、并联或者混联，如此将所有电池片的发出的电汇合并导出。
另一种电池片的连接方式为：以具有焊接(粘接)性质的金属导体依次将每个电池片的正面与相邻电池片的背面焊接(粘接)起来。每两个相邻的电池片可以用若干根相互平行的导体相连接，比如两根、三根、四根或者五根，如此将构成组件的每行(或列)的电池片连接成一个或者几个电池片串单元，再将这些不同的电池片串单元，通过其他导电体，进行电路意义上的串联、并联或者混联，最终将所有电池片的发出的电汇合并导出。这种导体，可以是金属的焊带，比如表面具有焊锡的铜带，也可以是表面经过处理的金属带，但表面涂有或者粘有粘连功能的导电物质，比如压敏导电胶。
如果电池片的受光表面在电路意义上没有极性(受光后，电子奔向受背面的局部)，那么电池片的非受光面中一部分作为负极而另一部分做为正极，也就是说，电池片的正、负电极同在电池片的背面(非受光面)，此种情况下，连接电池片一种方式为：将所有电池片平铺 成矩阵(电池片之间可以无空隙或者有较小空隙)，以具有粘接(焊接)性能的导电物质将所有电池片的背面(非受光面)按照一定规则粘接(焊接)到金属并具有焊接性质的导体上，此时导体可以是单纯的具有一定电路图形的金属导体或者是附着在其他板(膜)具有一定电路图形的导体，使电池片达到按照一定规格进行导电连接的作用。金属导体可以是金属焊带，比如表面具有焊锡的铜带，也可以是表面经过处理的金属带，但表面涂有或者粘有粘连功能的物质，比如压敏导电胶。
由于电池片的背面有的部分是电路意义上的正电极，有的部分是电路意义上的负电极，这两种不同电极的部分，由不同的导体来连接，以避免在同一个电池片中，形成电路意义上的短路。一般而言，每个电池片上正电极，会通过导体与相邻电池片的负电极相连接，使相邻电池片之间形成电路意义上的串联，如此将构成组件的每行(或列)的电池片连接成一个或者几个电池片串单元，再将这些不同的电池片串单元，通过其他导电体，进行电路意义上的串联、并联或者混联，最终将所有电池片发出的电汇合并导出。
当这种导体附着在其他膜(板)并具有一定电路图形的情况，我们可以称之为导电膜(板)，相当于一种电路板，将所有电池片的背面粘接(焊接)在这种导电膜(板)上，确切地说，是将电池片背面的正电极部分和负电极部分都粘接(焊接)在这种膜(板)的导体上，导体膜(板)上的导体具有一定的电路图形，可以将每个电池片的正电极与相邻电池片的负电极相连，使相邻电池片之间形成电路意义上的串联，如此将构成组件的每行(或列)的电池片连接成一个或者几个电池片串单元，再将这些不同的电池片串单元，进行进一步的电路意义上的串联、并联、或者混联，最终将所有电池片的发出的电汇合并导出。
以上对电池片的几种不同的连接方式，可以在同一种组件中，使用一种或者几种，也可以对任意行(列)中的电池片使用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：既能降低电池片的制造成本，也能获得组件更大的发电量，本发明中，四种形状类型电池片的获得，可以非常灵活地从硅锭上切割而获得，能减少材料浪费。通过计算，晶体硅锭切割出这四种形状类型的硅片，比传统单一近似正方形的硅片，能将硅锭的利用率增加17％左右。众所周知，光伏工业作为新能源技术工业，在制造硅料硅锭环节，是高耗能、污染性领域。节省材料的浪费，更有效利用硅材料，对国家的节能与环境保护都具有重要的意义。
同时，在有限的土地资源下，对于太阳能发电系统而言，在有限的面积条件下，包括地面与屋顶面积，单个组件能发出更多的电，具有更积极的现实意义，本发明对于传统组件而言，发电量增加超过10％。原有传统组件中电池片是带有圆角的四边形电池片，在排列若干电池片而由电池片圆角造成空隙，使组件的面积不能有效被电池片覆盖，而本发明将电池片之间空隙降低到最低。同时，对于不同的连接方式而言，也会造成组件发电量的差异，连接方式造成的不同的连接电阻，连接电阻越低，组件的发电量越大；电池片面积越小，电池片串单元中的电流越低，构成组件的发电量越大。
附图说明
图1为传统方形电池片组成的电池片组件的结构示意图；
图2为几种传统电池片的形状示意图；
图3为本发明几种电池片的形状示意图；
图4为由两种类型电池片所构成的电池片组件的示意图；
图5为电池片边缘依次与相邻电池片的边缘重叠连接的示意图；
图6为电池片边缘重叠部分之间具有粘接性能的导电物质粘接示意图；
图7、8为采用第二种类型电池片所构成的电池片组件的示意图；
图9为采用三种形状的电池片所构成的电池片组件的示意图；
图10、11为通过金属导体将电池片正面与相邻电池片背面连接 的结构示意图；
图12为将电池片背面焊接(粘接)在具有电路规则的软质膜或硬质板上的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例中每个电池片串单元中的电池片为同一类型，不同电池片串单元中电池片形状类型不同，但面积都相同。参照图3、4，采用第一种类型与第二种类型的电池片构成的电池片组件，其中，第一种类型电池片包含两种尺寸规格，这两种尺寸规格的形状分别有一条边长度基本一致。第二种类型形状的电池片，包含A形与B形，所有电池片面积一样。每行电池片构成电池片串单元，属于同一类型，其中，第一行与第七行为第二种类型形状的电池片构成的电池片串单元，其余行为第一种类型形状的电池片构成的电池片串单元，且每个电池片中的平行边的长度与相邻电池片的平行边长度一致。每行中的电池片之间的连接方式，可以是任何方式。如通过具有粘接性能的导电物质将两个相邻的电池片的边缘粘连，每个电池片中平行的两条边的边缘，依次与相邻电池片的平行边的边缘重叠，重叠部分以具有粘接性能的导电物质粘接，参照图5、6。
相比图1、2中传统的近似正方形电池片构成的组件，本例太阳能电池片组件能更完全地将电池片覆盖组件的有效面积，不留较大空隙，提高电池片的利用率，节省材料。
实施例2
本实施例中，所有电池片均为同一类型，且面积都相等，如图7、8所示。构成组件的电池片都为第二种类型电池片，每行可以作为电池片串单元直接连接，也可将每列作为电池片串单元直接连接，连接方式可以是任何方式。如果以每行作为电池片串单元，通过具有粘接性能的导电物质依次与相邻电池片的平行边的边缘重叠，重叠部分以 具有粘接性能的导电物质粘接；如果以每列作为电池片串单元，则依次与相邻电池片的非平行边的边缘重叠，重叠部分以具有粘接性能的导电物质粘接。图8中，只能以每行作为电池片串单元进行直接连接。本例中，所使用的第二种类型电池片形状的直角梯形的底角在可以在30到小于90度之间变化。图7中为60度，图8中为85度。
实施例3
本实施例中，每个电池片串单元中的电池片为多种类型，不同电池片串单元中电池片面积不同。如图9，构成组件的电池片包含第一种类型、第二种类型与第三种类型，其中，第一行与第七行由第二种类型与第三种类型电池片构成且电池片的面积相同；其余行由第一种类型电池片构成且电池片的面积相同，但第一行与第七行的电池片的面积与其它行的电池片的面积不同，它们的面积比为6：7，但只要保证每行电池片电压相同，或者每行电池片的电流相同，就具有现实意义。
这种方式可将不同电流或电压的电池片共存在同一个组件中，从而可以更好利用不同电性能档位的电池片，更全面地利用电池片制造工艺或材料上的差异导致的不同电性能档位的电池片。
实施例4
构成组件的电池片包含第一种类型与第三种类型电池片。如图10、11所示，第一种类型电池片正表面焊接(粘接)有三根具有焊接性能的金属导体(线或者带状)，依次与相邻电池片的背表面焊接(粘接)，第三种类型电池片正表面焊接焊接(粘接)有两根具有焊接性能的金属导体(线或者带状)，依次与相邻电池片的背表面焊接(粘接)。电池片之间仅仅存在很小(甚至可以忽略)的空隙。所使用的具有焊接(粘接)性能的金属导体，对于每个电池片而言，数量不限。比如可以是两根、三根或者任意数量，对于每个电池片而言，这些金属导体的位置关系，取决于金属导体在电池片上收集的电流尽可能相等。
当电池片的正电极与负电极都在电池片的背面的不同部分，则需要金属导体依次焊接每个电池片的背面。这种金属导体对于每一个电池片的粘接(焊接)的规则，要保证同一个电池片的正电极与负电极由不同的金属导体分开粘接(焊接)，避免在同一个电池片上正负电极形成短路，同时，每个电池片的正电极与相邻电池片负电极相互粘接(焊接)，使每个电池片形成电路意义上的串联，并且每根导体所经过的电流要尽量相等。这种情况下，对于每个电池片而言，金属导体的数量不限，金属导体的形状也可能出现更复杂的形状。
实施例5
构成组件的电池片包含第一种类型与第三种类型电池片，且电池片的正电极与负电极都在电池片的背面的不同部分。通过具有粘接(焊接)性能并附着在其他膜上具有一定电路图形的金属导体，将所有电池片的背面粘接(焊接)到具有粘接(焊接)性能的金属导体的一种软质膜或者硬质板上，如图12所示。金属导体附着在这种软质膜或者硬质板上，具有一定的电路规则，可以称其为导电膜(板)，这种导电膜(板)相当于一张电路板，金属导体的图形化规则，保证同一个电池片的正电极与负电极不会形成电路意义上的短路，同时，每个电池片串单元中的电池片形成串联。膜(板)上的金属导体的图形，可以变得更复杂，以使金属导体能够更均匀收集每个电池片的电流。
以上是本发明部分实施案例，旨在对本发明加以说明，并不是对本发明的权利保护范围加以限定，所有由本发明直接或间接得到的方案均在本发明的保护范围内，附图中的形状尺寸比例并不能严格的被认为是反映本发明的实际结构，所有按照本发明原意进行的非创造性应用属于本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，该电池片组件是由多行或列的电池片串单元拼接形成的方形结构，所述的电池片串单元通过导体进行电路意义上的串联、并联或者混联，所述的电池片串单元由面积相等的电池片成串连接而成，所述的电池片的形状为第一类型形状、第二类型形状、第三类型形状以及第四类型形状这四种规则形状的任意一种或几种，其中，第一类型形状为等腰梯形，第二类型形状为直角梯形，第三类型形状为对称五边形，第四类型形状为对称六边形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的第一类型形状为等腰梯形且两个底角均为60度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的第二类型形状为直角梯形且一个底角在30到90度之间，但不包含90度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的第三类型形状为对称五边形且其中有两条边平行，并分别与相邻的同一条边成90度角，与各自的另一条邻边成120度角。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的第四类型形状为对称六边形且其中两条对边平行且都与各自的邻边成120度夹角。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一条权利要求所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的电池片各角会出现不同程度的圆角，各边的长短比例也会不一样，但边与边之间的角度关系不变。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，同一电池片串单元的电池片面积相等，不同的电池片串单元的电池片面积可以不同，但电池片串单元受光后的电流或电压相同或成 2、3、4、5、3/2、5/2、7/2、4/3、5/3、7/3、8/3、5/4、7/4、9/4的比例关系。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的电池片串单元中电池片连接时，采用金属导体依次将电池片的正面与相邻电池片的背面焊接或粘接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的电池片串单元中电池片连接时，依次将彼此相邻的电池片的边缘重叠并采用具有粘接或焊接性能的导电物质进行粘接或焊接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏太阳能电池片组件，其特征在于，所述的电池片串单元中电池片连接时，将电池片平铺并粘接或焊接在带有电路形状的导体板或导体膜上。
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