WO2020135369A9 - 一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020135369A9
WO2020135369A9 PCT/CN2019/127670 CN2019127670W WO2020135369A9 WO 2020135369 A9 WO2020135369 A9 WO 2020135369A9 CN 2019127670 W CN2019127670 W CN 2019127670W WO 2020135369 A9 WO2020135369 A9 WO 2020135369A9
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network device
access
access network
cell
drone
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PCT/CN2019/127670
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2020135369A1 (zh
Inventor
葛翠丽
杨艳梅
应江威
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to CA3125057A priority Critical patent/CA3125057A1/en
Priority to EP19906301.7A priority patent/EP3897024A4/en
Publication of WO2020135369A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020135369A1/zh
Publication of WO2020135369A9 publication Critical patent/WO2020135369A9/zh
Priority to US17/358,566 priority patent/US20210321323A1/en

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    • H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
    • H04W52/0274—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof
    • H04W52/028—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof switching on or off only a part of the equipment circuit blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
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    • B64C39/00—Aircraft not otherwise provided for
    • B64C39/02—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
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    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication, and in particular, to a communication method, device, and system for drones.
  • UAVs can be used not only in the military field, but also in civilian fields such as agricultural plant protection, power inspection, police law enforcement, and geological prospecting.
  • UAVs can be called "unmanned aerial vehicles” (UAVs), which are unmanned aircraft operated by radio remote control equipment and self-provided program control devices. The value of drones lies in the formation of an aerial platform, combined with other components to expand applications, and replace humans in completing aerial operations.
  • the drone When the drone is operating in the air, it has the characteristics of fast moving speed and frequent cell switching. Due to factors such as poor air coverage of the base station, when the drone is switched to the cell of the base station, the handover failure rate and/or drop rate of the drone is high, which seriously affects the continuity of the drone business and cannot be guaranteed. Man-machine service performance. It can be seen that to ensure the service performance of UAVs, improving the success rate of UAV cell handover becomes the primary problem to be solved.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a drone communication method, device, and system to solve the problem of high failure rate and/or drop rate when the existing drone performs cell handover.
  • a communication method for drones may include: a first access network device currently providing access services for drones receives data from the first access and mobility management network. Element indication information, the indication information is used to indicate the access information of the next hop of the drone, for example, it may include the information of the second access network device and/or the information of the cell of the second access network device, etc. An access network device sends a first request for requesting the second access network device to prepare access resources for the drone according to the instruction information.
  • the access and mobility management network element can send the next hop access information of the drone to the first access network device currently serving the drone, so that the first access According to the access information of the next hop of the drone, the network device sends a request to the second access network device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone, requesting the second access network device to prepare access for the drone. Resources.
  • the access network equipment corresponding to the cell can be notified in advance to prepare access resources for the drone, which prevents the drone from switching to a new cell.
  • the handover delay caused by the man-machine ready to access resources improves the success rate and efficiency of UAV cell handover.
  • the method further includes: the first access network device receives a response to the first request indicating that the drone is allowed to access the cell of the second access network device,
  • the response to the first request includes the cell information of the second access network device, and the first access network device sends the cell information of the second access network device to the drone.
  • the drone can be informed of the information of the cell of the access network device that will provide access services for the next hop of the drone, so that the drone can select a cell based on the received information and access the cell .
  • the device for providing access services for the next hop of the drone further includes a third access network device
  • the method further includes: An access network device sends a second request for requesting the third access network device to prepare access resources for the drone to the third access network device, and receives from the third access network device a second request for instructing that no one is allowed
  • the response to the second request of the machine to access the cell of the third access network device, the response of the second request includes the information of the cell of the third access network device; the first access network device sends the third access to the drone Information about the cell of the connected device.
  • multiple access network devices that provide access services for the next hop of the drone can be determined, and the information of the cells of these multiple access network devices can be sent to the drone for the drone Select a suitable cell from the cells of multiple access network devices, and access the selected cell.
  • the method further includes: if the drone accesses the cell of the second access network device, the first access The network device sends to the third access network device a first cancellation instruction for instructing the drone to cancel access to the cell of the third access network device; or, if the drone is connected to the third access network device’s Cell, the first access network device sends a second cancellation instruction for instructing the drone to cancel access to the cell of the second access network device to the second access network device.
  • the access network device sends an instruction for the drone to cancel access to the cell, so that other access network devices can release the access resources allocated for the drone when they confirm that no drone is connected to their cell.
  • the first access network device sends the first request, including: the first access network device communicates with the first access network device through the first access network device The communication link between the second access network device sends the first request to the second access network device; or, when the communication link is not established between the first access network device and the second access network device, The first access network device sends a first request to the first access and mobility management network element.
  • the first access network device can send the first request to the second access network device through the link between it and the second access network device, or through the access and mobility management network element.
  • the first request, the sending method is flexible.
  • this application provides a communication device, which may be a first access network device or a chip or a system on a chip in the first access network device.
  • the communication device can realize the functions performed by the first access network device in the above-mentioned aspects or various possible designs, and the functions can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the aforementioned functions.
  • the communication device may include: a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit is used to receive instruction information from the first access and mobility management network element; wherein the communication device is the device currently providing access services for the drone, and the instruction information is used to indicate the next hop of the drone Access information, the access information includes information of the second access network device and/or information of the cell of the second access network device, and the second access network device is used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone;
  • the sending unit is configured to send a first request according to the instruction information; wherein, the first request is used to request the second access network device to prepare access resources for the drone.
  • the communication device For the specific implementation of the communication device, reference may be made to the behavior and function of the first access network device in the UAV communication method provided in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. Therefore, the provided communication device can achieve the same beneficial effects as the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • a communication device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and when the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to enable the The communication device executes the drone communication method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the first aspect or any of the above aspects. Design the described UAV communication method.
  • a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the drone communication method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the foregoing aspects.
  • a chip system in a sixth aspect, includes a processor and a communication interface, and is used to support a communication device to implement the functions involved in the above aspects.
  • the processor receives the first access and mobility through the communication interface.
  • the access information indication information of the management network element used to indicate the next hop of the UAV; according to the indication information, the first request is sent; where the first request is used to request the second access network device to prepare the UAV to connect Into resources.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a drone communication method.
  • the method may include: a second access network device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone receives a first request, and the first request It is used to request the second access network device to prepare a first request for accessing resources for the drone, and the second access network device to prepare access resources for the drone according to the first request.
  • the second access network device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone may receive the first request, and prepare access resources for the drone in advance according to the first request. In this way, before the drone switches to the next hop cell, the access network equipment corresponding to the cell can be notified in advance to prepare access resources for the drone, which prevents the drone from switching to a new cell.
  • the handover delay caused by the man-machine ready to access resources improves the success rate and efficiency of UAV cell handover.
  • the method further includes: the second access network device sends a response to the first request for instructing the drone to access the cell of the second access network device,
  • the response to the first request includes the cell information of the second access network device.
  • the second access network device can send the cell information of the second access network device to the first access network device when the drone is allowed to access its cell, so that the first access network device can access
  • the network device sends the information of the cell of the second access network device to the drone, so that the drone selects the cell of the second access network device and accesses the selected cell.
  • the first access network device prepares access resources for the drone, including: the first access network device enables the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the air coverage capability of the access network equipment can be enhanced, so that the access network equipment can provide highly reliable access services for drones.
  • the first request also includes the estimated time for the drone to travel to the coverage area of the second access network device, and the second access The access network device enables the air coverage enhancement function, including: the second access network device opens the air coverage enhancement function when the estimated time arrives.
  • the aerial coverage enhancement capability of the second access network device can be activated when the drone reaches the coverage area of the second access network device or is about to reach the coverage area of the second access network device, so as to avoid The problem of premature consumption of the power consumption of the access network equipment caused by the early activation of the air coverage enhancement capability.
  • the method further includes: leaving the second access network device at the last drone in the cell connected to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device turns off the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the air coverage enhancement function of the second access network device can be turned off to reduce the function of the second access network device. Consumption.
  • the second access network device receiving the first request includes: the second access network device communicates with the first access network device through the The communication link between the second access network device receives the first request sent by the first access network device; or, when the communication link is not established between the first access network device and the second access network device , The second access network device receives the first request from the second access and mobility management network element; wherein the second access and mobility management network element is used to provide services for the second access network device.
  • the second access network device can receive the first request sent by the first access network device through the link between it and the first access network device, or receive the first access network device through the connection
  • the first request sent by the incoming and mobility management network element is simple and flexible.
  • this application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a second access network device or a chip or a system on a chip in the second access network device.
  • the communication device may implement the seventh aspect or the seventh aspect described above.
  • the functions performed by the second access network device may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the aforementioned functions.
  • the communication device may include: a receiving unit and a preparation unit;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive a first request; wherein the communication device is used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone, and the first request is used to request the communication device to prepare access resources for the drone;
  • the preparation unit is used to prepare access resources for the drone according to the first request.
  • the communication device For the specific implementation of the communication device, reference may be made to the behavior and function of the second access network device in the UAV communication method provided by the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect, which will not be repeated here. Therefore, the provided communication device can achieve the same beneficial effects as the seventh aspect or any possible design of the seventh aspect.
  • a communication device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and when the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the The communication device executes the UAV communication method described in the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the seventh aspect or any of the above aspects. Design the described UAV communication method.
  • the eleventh aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the aforementioned seventh aspect or any one of the aforementioned aspects of the possible design of the drone communication method .
  • a chip system in a twelfth aspect, includes a processor and a communication interface for supporting communication devices to implement the functions involved in the above aspects.
  • the processor receives a request for a drone through the communication interface. Prepare the first request for access to resources, and according to the first request, prepare access to resources for the drone.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the technical effect brought by any one of the ninth aspect to the twelfth aspect can refer to the technical effect brought about by any possible design of the seventh aspect or the seventh aspect, and will not be repeated here.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a drone communication method, the method may include: the first access and mobility management network element obtains the access information of the next hop of the drone; wherein, access The information includes information of the second access network device and/or information of the cell of the second access network device.
  • the second access network device is used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone; the first access and mobile
  • the sexual management network element sends instruction information to the first access network device; where the first access network device is the device currently providing access services for the drone, and the instruction information is used to indicate the next hop access of the drone information.
  • the access and mobility management network element can obtain the access information of the next hop of the drone, and send the obtained information to the access that currently provides access services for the drone. Access network equipment, so that the access network equipment sends the received information to the access network equipment that provides the next hop access service for the man-machine.
  • the first access and mobility management network element obtains the access information of the next hop of the drone, including: the first access and mobility management network element never
  • the man-machine server obtains the driving route of the drone, and determines the access information for the next hop of the drone according to the driving route of the drone and the information of the first access network device.
  • the access and mobility management network element can determine the access information of the next hop of the drone according to the driving route of the drone and the information of the access network device currently connected to the drone.
  • the first access and mobility management network element obtains the access information of the next hop of the drone, including: the first access The access and mobility management network element obtains the access information of the next hop of the drone from the NWDAF.
  • NWDAF can determine the next hop access information of the drone, and the access and mobility management network element can obtain the next hop access information of the drone from NWDAF.
  • the indication information is in the registration response or path switching response.
  • the instruction information can be sent to the first access network device through the existing registration process or path request process, thereby reducing signaling overhead.
  • the The method further includes: the first access and mobility management network element receives a first request from the first access network device for requesting the second access network device to prepare access resources for the drone, and sends the request to the second access network device.
  • the access and mobility management network element sends the first request.
  • the first request can be sent to the first access network device through the first access and mobility management network element and the second access and mobility management network element.
  • the method further includes: the first access and mobility management network element receives from the second access and mobility management network element.
  • the response of the management network element to the first request for indicating permission for the drone to access the cell of the second access network device, where the response of the first request includes the information of the cell of the second access network device.
  • the first access and mobility management network element and the second access and mobility management network element can send a response to the first request to the first access network device so that the first access network device Send the cell information in the response to the first request to the drone.
  • the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a chip or a system on chip in the first access and mobility management network element or the first access and mobility management network element.
  • the communication device may The functions performed by the first access and mobility management network element in the foregoing fourteenth aspect or each possible design of the fourteenth aspect are realized, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the aforementioned functions.
  • the communication device may include: an acquiring unit and a sending unit.
  • the obtaining unit is used to obtain the access information of the next hop of the drone; where the access information includes information of the second access network device and/or information of the cell of the second access network device, and the second access network
  • the equipment is used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone;
  • the sending unit is used to send instruction information to the first access network device; where the first access network device is the device currently providing access services for the drone, and the instruction information is used to indicate the next hop of the drone. ⁇ Entry information.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device can refer to the behavior function of the first access and mobility management network element in the UAV communication method provided by the fourteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fourteenth aspect. This will not be repeated here. Therefore, the provided communication device can achieve the same beneficial effects as the fourteenth aspect or any possible design of the fourteenth aspect.
  • a communication device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and when the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to enable
  • the communication device implements the UAV communication method described in the fourteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fourteenth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the fourteenth aspect or any of the foregoing aspects Possible design of the UAV communication method described.
  • a computer program product containing instructions when it runs on a computer, the computer can execute the drone communication described in the fourteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the foregoing aspects method.
  • a chip system in an eighteenth aspect, includes a processor and a communication interface for supporting communication devices to implement the functions involved in the above aspects, for example, the processor obtains access information for the next hop of the drone , Send instruction information to the first access network device through the communication interface; where the first access network device is the device currently providing access services for the drone, and the instruction information is used to indicate the next hop access of the drone information.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a communication method for drones includes: the drone receives information from a cell of a first access network device of a second access network device and a cell of a third access network device Select the first cell from the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device based on the cell information of the second access network device and the cell information of the third access network device , Sending a first access request to an access network device corresponding to the first cell; where the first access request is used to request access to the first cell.
  • the drone can receive information about the cell of the access network device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone from the first access network device in advance, and select according to the received information Appropriate cell, and send an access request to the access network device corresponding to the cell to request access to the cell.
  • the drone selects the first cell from the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device, including: the drone obtains the second cell
  • the signal quality value of the cell of the access network device and the cell of the third access network device, the cell with the largest signal quality value among the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device is determined as the first Community.
  • the UAV can select a suitable cell based on the signal quality value of the cell and access the selected cell.
  • the method further includes: if the drone fails to access the first cell, selecting the second with the second highest signal quality value In the second cell, a second access request is sent to the access network device corresponding to the second cell; where the second access request is used to request access to the second cell.
  • the drone fails to access a cell with a large signal quality value, according to the signal quality value of the cell, select the cell with the second highest signal quality value and access the cell with the second highest signal quality value.
  • the access information also includes the priority of the cell of the second access network device and the priority of the cell of the third access network device.
  • the drone selects the first cell from the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device, including: the drone connects the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device Among the cells of the device, the cell with the highest priority is determined as the first cell.
  • the drone can select a suitable cell based on the priority of the cell and access the selected cell.
  • the method further includes:
  • the drone fails to access the first cell, select the second cell with the second highest priority and send a second access request to the access network device corresponding to the second cell; where the second access request is used to request Access the second cell.
  • the cell with the second highest priority can be selected according to the priority of the cell, and the cell with the second highest priority can be accessed.
  • this application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be an unmanned aerial vehicle or a chip or a system on a chip in the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the communication device can implement the nineteenth aspect or each of the nineteenth aspects.
  • the functions performed by the drone can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the aforementioned functions.
  • the communication device may include: a receiving unit, a selection unit, and a sending unit;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive access information from the first access network device; where the access information includes cell information of the second access network device and cell information of the third access network device, and the second access Network equipment and third access network equipment are used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone;
  • the selection unit is configured to select the second access network device from the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device according to the cell information of the second access network device and the cell information of the third access network device.
  • the sending unit sends a first access request to the access network device corresponding to the first cell; where the first access request is used to request access to the first cell.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device can refer to the behavior function of the drone in the drone communication method provided by the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect, which will not be repeated here. Therefore, the provided communication device can achieve the same beneficial effects as the nineteenth aspect or any possible design of the nineteenth aspect.
  • a communication device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and when the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to The communication device is made to execute the UAV communication method as described in the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the nineteenth aspect or any of the foregoing aspects.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the nineteenth aspect or any of the foregoing aspects.
  • a computer program product containing instructions when it runs on a computer, the computer can execute the drone described in the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the foregoing aspects Communication method.
  • a chip system in a twenty-fourth aspect, includes a processor and a communication interface for supporting communication devices to implement the functions involved in the above aspects.
  • the processor receives data from the first access network through the communication interface.
  • the cell information of the second access network device and the cell information of the third access network device of the device according to the cell information of the second access network device and the cell information of the third access network device, from the second
  • the first cell is selected from the cell of the access network device and the cell of the third access network device, and the first access request is sent to the access network device corresponding to the first cell through the communication interface.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the technical effects brought about by any of the twenty-first to twenty-fourth aspects of the design can be referred to the technical effects brought about by any possible design of the nineteenth aspect or the nineteenth aspect. ,No longer.
  • an unmanned aerial vehicle communication system including the first access network device according to any one of the second aspect to the sixth aspect, such as any one of the eighth aspect to the twelfth aspect
  • the second access network device the first access and mobility management network element described in any one of the fourteenth aspect to the eighteenth aspect, and the first access and mobility management network element described in the twentieth aspect to the twenty-fourth aspect
  • the drone of any aspect including the first access network device according to any one of the second aspect to the sixth aspect, such as any one of the eighth aspect to the twelfth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a system architecture provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a UAV communication method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another drone communication method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 50 provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 60 provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 70 provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 80 provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to any communication system that provides access services and network resources for drones.
  • the communication system can be a 3rd generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) communication system, such as: 4th generation (4G) communication system, or long term evolution (LTE)
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • 4G 4th generation
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the communication system can also be a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system or a new radio (NR) system, or a V2X system, etc., without limitation.
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • the communication system may include drones and multiple access network devices (such as the access network device 1, the access network device 2, the access network device 3, and the access network device shown in Figure 1). 4), it may also include a core network, user plane network elements, and a data network (data network, DN). Different access network devices can access different core networks or access the same core network.
  • the access network devices under the same core network can communicate with each other through communication links.
  • the access network device 1 under the core network 1 and the access network device can establish a communication link, and the two can Communicate with each other through this communication link.
  • the communication link may be an X2 interface link, and when the communication system shown in FIG.
  • the communication link may be an Xn interface link road.
  • the core network may include network elements such as access and mobility management network elements, network data analysis functions, etc., and each network element in the core network can communicate with each other through a service interface.
  • the DN may include the drone server.
  • the drone can communicate with the access network equipment drone through a wireless communication link, and the wireless communication link can be a Uu link.
  • the access network equipment can interact with the network elements in the core network for control signaling. Under the management and control of the core network network elements, access the DN through the user plane network elements to provide the service provided by the drone server to the unmanned Or, feed back the data or information generated by the drone to the drone server through the user plane network element.
  • the UAV in Figure 1 can be called UAV, which can be used to replace humans to complete aerial operations.
  • the device used to implement the function of the drone may be a drone, or a device capable of supporting the drone to implement the function, such as a functional module or a chip system in the drone.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described by taking an example that the device for implementing the function of the drone is a drone.
  • the access network equipment in Fig. 1 is mainly used to implement functions such as wireless physical control functions, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless access control, and mobility management.
  • the access network device may be an access network (AN)/radio access network (RAN) device, or may be composed of multiple 5G-AN/5G-RAN nodes
  • the equipment can also be a base station (nodeB, NB), an evolved base station (evolution nodeB, eNB), a next generation base station (generation nodeB, gNB), a transmission receiving point (TRP), and a transmission point (TP) And any one of some other access nodes.
  • the device used to implement the function of the access network device may be the access network device, or may be a device capable of supporting the access network device to implement the function, such as a chip system.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described by taking an example in which the device for implementing the function of the access network device is the access network device.
  • the access and mobility management network element in FIG. 1 may be an access and mobility management function (AMF) or a mobility management entity (mobility management entity, MME).
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • MME mobility management entity
  • This access and mobility management network element is mainly responsible for access control, mobility management, attachment and detachment of terminals including drones.
  • the network data analysis function (NWDAF) in Figure 1 is mainly responsible for statistical analysis of data generated by drones or data generated by other network elements in the communication system.
  • the drone server in Figure 1 can be called a drone service provider (UAS service supplier, USS) or a drone traffic management (unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management, UTM), and the drone server can be an application domain.
  • the server that provides services for drones is mainly responsible for drone registration, flight plan approval, flight operation authorization, flight monitoring, flight control and other functions. It can be a drone monitoring server or a drone application Business server.
  • the UAV can fly according to the established driving route and may pass through different cells during the flight.
  • the drone will first pass through the cell of the access network device 1, and then pass the access network device 2 or the access network device 3.
  • the cell finally passes through the cell of the access network device 3 and arrives at the destination (place B).
  • the UAV flies from one cell to another new cell, it is necessary to switch between the UAVs in a timely and efficient manner.
  • embodiments of the present application provide the following methods:
  • the access and mobility management network element can send instruction information to the access network device currently serving the drone to indicate the next hop access information of the drone.
  • the current access network device that provides services for drones can send a request to the access network device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone according to the access information of the next hop of the drone, and the request is a drone
  • the access network equipment that provides access services at the next hop prepares access resources for the drone, such as enabling the aerial coverage enhancement function for the drone. In this way, the access network equipment that provides access services for the next hop of the drone can be notified in advance. Before the drone switches to the cell of the access network device, the drone can prepare access resources to improve the drone. The success rate and efficiency of cell handover. specific. For the implementation process of this method, please refer to the descriptions in the embodiments corresponding to Figs. 3 to 4 below.
  • the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 is only an exemplary architecture diagram, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of devices included in the communication system shown in FIG. 1.
  • the network shown in FIG. 1 may also include other functional entities, for example, may include unified data management (UDM) and so on.
  • UDM unified data management
  • the naming of the devices and the communication links between the devices in the communication system in FIG. 1 is just an example. In specific implementation, the naming of the devices and the communication links between the devices can also be other names. The implementation of this application The example does not specifically limit this.
  • the access network equipment, access and mobility management network elements, and drones that implement the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by the hardware shown in FIG. 2 or a combination of hardware and computer software.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 200 provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device 200 includes at least one processor 201, a communication line 202, and at least one communication interface 203; Further, a memory 204 may also be included.
  • the processor 201, the memory 204, and the communication interface 203 may be connected through a communication line 202.
  • at least one may be one, two, three or more, which is not limited.
  • the processor 201 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, or a micro-controller. Device, programmable logic device (PLD) or any combination of them.
  • the processor may also be any other device with processing functions, such as a circuit, a device, or a software module.
  • the communication line 202 may include a path for transmitting information between components included in the communication device.
  • the communication interface 203 may be used to communicate with other devices or communication networks (such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.).
  • the communication interface 203 may be a module, a circuit, a transceiver or any device capable of implementing communication.
  • the memory 204 may include the database shown in FIG. 2, may be a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and/or instructions, or may be a random access memory ( random access memory, RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and/or instructions, and can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disk (compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry Or any other medium that stores desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, and is not limited to this.
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disk read-only memory
  • optical disc storage including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu
  • the memory 204 can exist independently of the processor 201, that is, the memory 204 can be a memory external to the processor 201. At this time, the memory 204 can be connected to the processor 201 through the communication line 202 for storing instructions. Or program code. When the processor 201 calls and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 204, it can implement the drone communication method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory 204 can also be integrated with the processor 201, that is, the memory 204 can be an internal memory of the processor 201.
  • the memory 204 is a cache that can be used to temporarily store some data and/ Or instruction information, etc.
  • the processor 201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 2.
  • the communication device 200 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 201 and the processor 207 in FIG. 2.
  • the communication device 200 may further include an output device 205 and an input device 206.
  • the input device 206 may be a device such as a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, or a joystick
  • the output device 205 may be a device such as a display screen and a speaker.
  • the communication device 200 may be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device.
  • the communication device 200 can be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device with a similar structure in FIG. 2, and the embodiment of the application does not limit the communication device 200 type.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the device structure shown in FIG. 2 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device.
  • the communication device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components. , Or different component arrangements.
  • each device mentioned in the following method embodiments may have the component parts shown in FIG. 2, and will not be repeated.
  • the name of the message between each device or the name of each parameter in the message in the following embodiments of this application is just an example, and other names may also be used in specific implementations, and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this .
  • Fig. 3 is a UAV communication method provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in Fig. 3, the method may include:
  • Step 301 The first access and mobility management network element obtains access information of the next hop of the drone.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may be a core network element that currently provides services for drones.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may be the access and mobility management network element 1 in the core network 1.
  • the access information of the next hop of the drone may include information of the second access network device and/or information of the cell of the second access network device.
  • the second access network device can be used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone.
  • the access network device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone may include one access network device, or may include two or more access network devices, which is not limited. For example, if the current drone is in the cell of the access network device 1 in Figure 1, the access network device 1 provides access services for the drone. Later, as the drone flies, the drone will hop next It may fly to the cell of the access network device 2 or the cell of the access network device 3. The access network device 2 or the access network device 3 provides access services for the drone, and then provides access for the next hop of the drone.
  • the devices entering the service may include an access network device 2 and an access network device 3.
  • the information of the second access network device may be used to identify the second access network device.
  • the information of the second access network device may be an Internet Protocol (IP) address or a media access control (MAC) address of the second access network device, etc., which is not limited.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • MAC media access control
  • the information of the cell of the second access network device may include the ID of the cell of the second access network device, and may also include cell frequency, cell priority, preamble, cell switching threshold, and the like.
  • the ID of the cell may be used to identify the cell, and may be the number or index of the cell.
  • the cell frequency point may be the frequency point for accessing the cell.
  • the cell priority can be used to indicate the order of access to the cell.
  • the preamble can be the preamble used to access the cell.
  • the cell switching threshold can be the threshold for switching the drone from the cell to a new cell. When the signal quality of the drone accessing the cell is less than the cell switching threshold, the drone can be switched to the new cell, and vice versa , There is no need to switch the drone to a new cell.
  • the first access and mobility management network element can obtain the driving route of the drone from the drone server, and obtain the drone according to the driving route of the drone and the information of the first access network device. The access information of the next hop of the machine.
  • the driving route of the drone can be set by the user as needed and stored in advance on the drone server.
  • the driving route of the drone may include multiple geographic regions, and these geographic regions may be arranged in the order in which the drone travels.
  • the travel route of the drone may include ⁇ A place, C place, D place...B place ⁇ , which means that the travel route of the drone is from A place, C place, D place... to B place.
  • the first access network device may be a device that currently provides access services for drones.
  • the information of the first access network device may be used to identify the first access network device, and the information of the first access network device may be the IP address or MAC address of the first access network device, etc., which is not limited.
  • the first access and mobility management network element obtains the access information of the next hop of the drone according to the driving route of the drone and the information of the first access network device, which may include: first access and mobility management
  • the network element determines the geographic area of the current drone according to the information of the first access network device, and determines the next geographic area adjacent to the geographic area of the current drone in the travel route of the drone.
  • One geographic area obtains the access information of the next hop of the drone.
  • the access network device covering the next geographic area can be determined as the second access network device.
  • the driving route of the drone can also be saved and updated in real time on the RAN operation and management (OAM), and RAN OAM can determine the next hop of the drone based on this.
  • Access information, the first access and mobility management network element can obtain the access information of the next hop of the drone from the RAN OAM.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may send a request message containing the next geographic area of the drone to the RAN OAM to request access information for the area, and the RAN OAM receives After the request, the base station and/or access cell information corresponding to the requested geographic area is determined.
  • the first access and mobility management network element can send a request message containing the base station information of the next hop of the drone to the RAN OAM to request the access information of the drone corresponding to the base station, and the RAN OAM receives After the request, determine the access cell information corresponding to the requested base station.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may obtain the access information of the next hop of the drone from the NWDAF.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may send to NWDAF the information including no
  • the identification request of the man-machine requests the access information of the next hop of the drone.
  • the request can also contain the information of the current flight area of the drone.
  • NWDAF obtains the next hop of the drone. Hop access information, and send the next hop access information of the drone to the first access and mobility management network element.
  • the NWDAF obtaining the access information of the next hop of the drone may include: NWDAF can obtain the historical flight data of the drone, perform statistical analysis on the historical flight data of the drone, and determine the flight characteristics of the drone. Combining the drone's flight characteristics, the drone's current flight area, and flight dynamics (such as flight direction, flight height, flight speed, etc.) to obtain access information for the next hop of the drone.
  • the historical flight data of the drone may include the flight time of the drone, the flight area of the drone, and so on.
  • the flight characteristics of the UAV may include the flight route and flying habits of the UAV.
  • Step 302 The first access and mobility management network element sends instruction information to the first access network device.
  • the indication information may be used to indicate the access information of the next hop of the drone, for example, it may be an identifier corresponding to the access information of the next hop of the drone.
  • the access information of the next hop of the UAV can refer to the above, and will not be repeated.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may send instruction information to the first access network device during the network registration process of the drone.
  • the drone can send a registration request to the first access and mobility management network element through the first access network device. After the first access and mobility management receives the registration request, the drone can be registered on the network. And return a registration response and instruction information to the first access network device.
  • the registration request can be used to request network registration of the drone
  • the registration response can be used to indicate the successful network registration of the drone or the network registration failure.
  • the indication information can be carried in the same message as the registration response, such as: carried in an N2 message (N2 message) and sent to the first access network device. After receiving the N2 message, the first access network device can obtain it from the N2 message At the same time, the registration response is not parsed, but the registration response is sent to the drone.
  • the indication information used to indicate the access information of the next hop of the drone can be sent to the first access network device by means of the existing process, thereby reducing the signaling overhead.
  • the first access and mobility management network element can also use other existing processes (such as a service request process) to send instruction information to the first access network device, without limitation.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may also communicate to the first access network through the N2 link between the first access and mobility management network element and the first access network device.
  • the device sends instructions.
  • the first access and mobility management network element may include the indication information in an independent N2 message and send it to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device may send a path switching request to the first access and mobility management network element, requesting to update the user plane path of the drone; the first access and mobility management receives After the path switching request, the corresponding user plane path update process is executed, and the path switching response and instruction information are returned to the first access network device.
  • the path switching response can be used to indicate the successful or failed switching of the user plane path of the drone.
  • the indication information can be carried in the same message as the path switching response, for example, it is carried in an N2 message and sent to the first access network device. After receiving the N2 message, the first access network device can obtain the indication information from the N2 message.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit that the indication information and the registration response or path switching response are carried in the same message and sent to the first access network device.
  • the indication information may also be carried in the first access and mobility management. Among other messages sent by the network element to the first access network device, such as a newly added message, there is no restriction.
  • the first access network device can measure the signal quality value of the cell currently accessed by the drone, and when it is determined that the signal quality value of the cell accessed by the drone is less than the preset handover threshold , Send a first request to the first access and mobility management network element, requesting the access information of the next hop of the drone, and the first access and mobility management network element returns to the first access network device that it contains no The response message of the access information of the next hop of the man-machine.
  • the preset handover threshold can be set as needed.
  • the signal quality value of the cell accessed by the drone is less than the preset handover threshold, it means that the signal quality of the cell currently accessed by the drone is not good and needs to be switched to another New cell; otherwise, there is no need to switch the drone to another cell.
  • the first access network device can use the prior art to measure the signal value of the cell accessed by the drone, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 303 The first access network device receives the instruction information, and sends the first request according to the instruction information.
  • the first request may be used to request the second access network device to prepare access resources for the drone, for example, it may be used to request the second access network device to enable the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the first request may include an indicator, and the indicator may be used to indicate the second access network device Turn on the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the indicator can be a binary bit number "0" or "1". When the indicator is "1", it instructs the second access network device to enable the air coverage enhancement function. When the indicator is "0", Or, when the first request does not include the indicator, the second access network device is instructed not to enable the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the first request may include equipment type indication information, which is used to identify the type of drone equipment. After receiving the first request, the second access network equipment may be based on the terminal type. Knowing that it is a drone, turn on the air coverage enhancement function. Wherein, the terminal type indication information may be the identification of the drone, and the identification of the drone may be used to identify the drone.
  • the first access network device sending the first request according to the instruction information may include: the first access network device uses the instruction information as a trigger condition, and when the first access network device receives the instruction information, according to the instruction
  • the information of the second access network device and/or the information of the cell of the second access network device indicated by the information sends the first request to the second access network device.
  • sending the first request according to the instruction information by the first access network device may include: after receiving the instruction information, the first access network device may measure the signal quality value of the cell currently accessed by the drone, In the case where it is determined that the signal quality value of the cell accessed by the drone is less than the preset handover threshold, according to the information of the second access network device and/or the information of the cell of the second access network device indicated by the indication information, Send the first request to the second access network device.
  • the sending of the first request by the first access network device to the second access network device may include any of the following methods:
  • Manner 1 A communication link is established between the first access network device and the second access network device.
  • the first access network device sends the first request to the second access network device through the communication link.
  • access network device 1 is the device that currently provides access services for drones, and access network device 2 is used to provide access services for the next hop of drones. From Figure 1, we can see , Access network device 1 and access network device 2 are served by the same core network, access network device 1 can send the first to access network device 2 through the communication link between it and access network device 2. request.
  • Manner 2 The communication link between the first access network device and the second access network device is not established.
  • the first access network device sends a first request to the first access and mobility management network element. After receiving the first request, the first access and mobility management network element sends the first request to the second access and mobility management network element. The mobility management network element, after receiving the first request, the second access and mobility management network element sends the first request to the second access network device.
  • the second access and mobility management network element is used to provide services for the second access network device, and there is an N2 or S1-MME connection between the second access and mobility management network element and the second access network device .
  • Access network equipment 1 and access network equipment 3 have no communication link, such as: there is no X2 interface link or Xn interface connection, etc.
  • access network equipment 1 is served by the access and mobility management network element 1.
  • the access network equipment 3 is served by the access and mobility management network element 2.
  • the access network device 1 may send a first request to the access and mobility management network element 1. After receiving the first request, the access and mobility management network element 1 sends the first request to the access and mobility management network. Element 2. After receiving the first request, the access and mobility management network element 3 sends the first request to the access network device 3.
  • Step 304 The second access network device receives the first request, and prepares access resources for the drone according to the first request.
  • the second access network device prepares access resources for the drone according to the first request, which may include: the second access network device uses the first request as the second access network device preparing access resources for the drone
  • the trigger condition is that when the second access network device receives the first request, it starts to prepare access resources for the drone.
  • the preparation of the second access network device for the drone to access resources may include: enabling the air coverage enhancement function, and may also include determining whether to allow the drone to access the cell of the second access network device, if the drone is allowed to access
  • the cell of the second access network device obtains the information of the cell provided by the second access network device for the drone.
  • the second access network device determines whether to allow the drone to access the cell of the second access network device can refer to the prior art, and the related description of the cell information of the second access network device can refer to step 301 The description will not be repeated.
  • the access and mobility management network element can send indication information for indicating the access information of the next hop of the drone to the first access network device currently serving the drone.
  • Make the first access network device send a request to the access network device (such as the second access network device) that provides access services for the next hop of the drone according to the access information of the next hop of the drone.
  • the access network equipment that provides access services for the next hop of the drone prepares the access resources for the drone, such as enabling the aerial coverage enhancement function for the drone.
  • the method shown in Figure 3 can notify the access network equipment corresponding to the cell to prepare access resources for the drone before the drone is switched to a new cell, that is, the drone's
  • the cell handover is prepared to avoid the handover delay caused by the UAV preparing to access resources when the drone is handed over to a new cell, which improves the success rate and efficiency of the UAV cell handover.
  • the first request may include the estimated time for the drone to travel to the coverage area of the second access network device, and the estimated time may be determined by the first access network device based on the current drone The driving speed and the coverage area of the second access network device are determined.
  • the second access network device After receiving the first request, the second access network device obtains the estimated time from the first request, and when the estimated time arrives or is about to arrive, prepares access resources for the drone, such as: open air coverage Enhanced functions, etc.
  • the second access network device can prepare access resources for the drone at 10, It is also possible to prepare access resources for the drone at 9.55 or other near 10 o'clock.
  • the method may further include: the second access network device sends to the first access network device In response to the first request, the first access network device receives the response to the first request.
  • the process of the second access network device sending the response to the first request to the first access network device may refer to the process of sending the first request to the second access network device by the first access network device.
  • a communication link is established between the first access network device and the second access network device, and the second access network device can send a response to the first request to the second access network device through the communication link; or ,
  • the first access network device and the second access network device have not established a communication link, and the second access network device sends a response to the first request to the second access and mobility management network element, and the second access and mobility
  • the mobility management network element forwards the response to the first request to the first access and mobility management network element.
  • the response of the first request may be used to indicate that the drone is allowed to access the cell of the second access network device
  • the response to the first request may include information of the cell of the second access network device.
  • the cells of the second access network device that the drone is allowed to access can be one or more; it can be a dedicated cell for the drone or a common cell.
  • the method may further include: the first access network device sends the cell information of the second access network device to the drone.
  • the response of the first request can be used to indicate that the drone is not allowed to access the second access network device’s cell.
  • the first access network device receives the response to the first request, it does not send any information to the drone.
  • the first access network device can send the information of the cell of the access network device that allows the drone to access among the access network devices that will provide access services for the next hop of the drone to the drone, so that The drone selects a suitable cell from multiple cells based on the received cell information, and accesses the selected cell.
  • a certain period of time may also be set in the second access network device.
  • the duration of the timer can be set as required, and is not limited.
  • the timer is started; if the timer expires (or overflows), no drone is connected to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device ’s cell, then the second access network device turns off the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the air coverage enhancement function of the second access network device can be turned off to avoid the situation where there is no drone access.
  • the power consumption brought by the air coverage enhancement function is still turned on.
  • the device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone is introduced as an example of the second access network device.
  • the serviced device may also include multiple other devices such as a third access network device and a fourth access network device.
  • the first access network device may also send a request for preparing access resources for the drone to other devices, so that other The equipment is ready to access resources for the drone.
  • the process can refer to steps 303 to 304.
  • the device that provides access services for the next hop of the drone also includes a third access network device.
  • the method shown in FIG. 3 may further include: the first access network device sends a second request to the third access network device ; Among them, the second request is used to request the third access network device to prepare access resources for the drone;
  • the third access network device prepares access resources for the drone according to the second request, and sends a response to the second request to the first access network device, and the first access network device receives the information from the third access network device. Response to the second request.
  • the process of sending the second request by the first access network device to the third access network device may follow the process of sending the first request by the first access network device to the second access network device, which will not be repeated here.
  • the third access network device prepares access resources for the drone according to the second request, and sends a response to the second request to the first access network device. Refer to the second access network device according to the first request. , The process of preparing access resources for the drone and sending the response to the first request to the first access network device will not be repeated.
  • the response of the second request may be used to indicate that the drone is allowed to access the cell of the third access network device.
  • the response of the second request may include the information of the cell of the third access network device; after receiving the response of the second request, the first access network device may also send the information of the cell of the third access network device to the drone .
  • the response of the second request can be used to indicate that the drone is not allowed to access the third access network device’s cell.
  • the first access network device receives the response to the second request, it does not send any information to the drone.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the timing of sending the first request to the second access network device by the first access network device and the second request to the third access network device, for example, the first access network device
  • the device may first send the first request to the second access network device, and then send the second request to the third access network device; or at the same time, send the first request to the second access network device and send the first request to the third access network device.
  • Sending the second request is not restricted.
  • the first access network device can provide separate services to the two or more access network devices.
  • Send a request for preparing access to resources for the drone and can receive responses from two or more access network devices, and send the cell information of two or more access network devices to UAV, so that the UAV selects a suitable cell from the cells of two or more access network equipment based on the information of the cells of two or more access network equipment, and accesses the cell.
  • the equipment providing access services for the next hop of the drone includes the second access network equipment and the third access network equipment.
  • the process may include:
  • the drone receives access information from the first access network device; where the access information may include cell information of the second access network device and cell information of the third access network device;
  • the drone selects the first cell from the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device according to the access information, and sends the first access request to the access network device corresponding to the first cell; where , The first access request is used to request access to the first cell.
  • the drone selecting the first cell from the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device may include: the drone obtains a signal from the cell of the second access network device The quality value and the signal quality value of the cell of the third access network device, and the cell with the largest signal quality value is determined as the first cell.
  • the drone selects the second cell with the second highest signal quality value, and sends a second access request to the access network device corresponding to the second cell; where the second access The request is used to request access to the second cell.
  • the access information further includes the priority of the cell of the second access network device and the priority of the cell of the third access network device.
  • Selecting the first cell from the cells of the three access network devices may include: the drone determines the cell with the highest priority among the cells of the second access network device and the cells of the third access network device as the first cell.
  • the drone selects the second cell with the second highest priority and sends a second access request to the access network device corresponding to the second cell; among them, the second access request Used to request access to the second cell.
  • the method may further include:
  • the first access network device sends a first cancellation instruction to the third access network device.
  • the first cancellation instruction can be a separate message or A cell or parameter in a message.
  • the third access network device closes the air coverage enhancement function according to the first cancellation instruction; the first cancellation instruction is used to instruct the drone to cancel access to the cell of the third access network device; or,
  • the first access network device sends a second cancellation instruction to the second access network device, and the second access network device closes the air according to the second cancellation instruction.
  • Coverage enhancement function wherein the cancellation instruction is used to instruct the drone to cancel access to the cell of the second access network device.
  • a cancellation instruction can be sent to the access network device to indicate the cell that the access network device will not access by the drone. Subsequently, the access network device can turn off the air coverage enhancement function of the access network device according to the cancellation instruction, so as to save power consumption caused by turning on the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the first access network device is the access network device 1 in Figure 1
  • the next hop is the access service provided by the drone, including the second access network device and the third access network.
  • the second access network device is the access network device 2 in FIG. 1
  • the third access network device is the access network device 3 in FIG. 1, and the method shown in FIG. 3 is introduced:
  • Fig. 4 is another drone communication method provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in Fig. 4, the method may include:
  • Step 401 The drone sends a registration request to the access network device 1.
  • Step 402 The access network device 1 sends a registration request to the access and mobility management network element 1.
  • Step 403 The access and mobility management network element 1 obtains the access information of the next hop of the drone.
  • step 402 can refer to the description of step 301, which will not be repeated.
  • Step 404 The access and mobility management network element 1 sends an N2 message to the access network device 1.
  • the N2 message includes registration response and instruction information.
  • the indication information refer to the description in step 301, which will not be repeated.
  • Step 405 The access network device 1 receives the N2 message, and according to the indication information in the N2 message, sends a first request to the access network device 2 and a second request to the access network device 3.
  • the related description of the first request and the second request can refer to the above, and will not be repeated.
  • the process of the access network device 1 sending the first request to the access network device 2 can refer to the method shown in FIG. 3, the process of sending the first request to the second access network device by the first access network device will not be repeated.
  • the process of the access network device 1 sending the second request to the access network device 3 may refer to the method shown in FIG. 3, the process of sending the second request to the third access network device by the first access network device will not be repeated.
  • the access network device 1 can also parse the registration response from the N2 message, and send the registration response to the drone to indicate the success or failure of the drone network registration.
  • Step 406 The access network device 2 receives the first request and prepares access resources for the drone.
  • step 406 can refer to the description of step 304, and will not be repeated.
  • Step 407 The access network device 2 sends a response to the first request to the access network device 1.
  • the response to the first request may include information about the cell of the access network device 2.
  • Step 408 The access network device 3 receives the second request and prepares access resources for the drone.
  • step 408 can refer to the process of preparing access resources for the drone by the third access network device described above, and will not be repeated.
  • Step 409 The access network device 3 sends a response to the second request to the access network device 1.
  • the response to the first request may include information about the cell of the access network device 2.
  • Steps 406 and 407 can be executed first, and then steps 408 and 409 are executed; or step 408 and step 409 can be executed first, and then step 406 and step 407 are not limited.
  • Step 410 The access network device 1 receives the response of the first request and the response of the second request, and sends the information of the cell of the access network device 2 and the information of the cell of the access network device 3 to the drone.
  • Step 411 The drone receives the cell information of the access network device 2 and the cell information of the access network device 3, and selects the first cell from the cell of the access network device 2 and the cell of the access network device 3. And access the first cell.
  • step 412 and step 413 are performed; if the first cell is the cell of the access network device 3, step 414 and step 415 are performed.
  • the process of selecting the first cell by the drone can refer to the description in the embodiment corresponding to FIG.
  • Step 412 The access network device 1 sends a first cancellation instruction to the access network device 3.
  • the first cancellation instruction can refer to the above and will not be repeated.
  • Step 413 The access network device 3 closes the air coverage enhancement function according to the first cancellation instruction, and sends a first cancellation response to the access network device 1.
  • the first cancellation response is used to instruct the access network device 3 to close the air coverage enhancement function.
  • Step 414 The access network device 1 sends a second cancellation instruction to the access network device 2.
  • the second cancellation instruction can refer to the above and will not be repeated.
  • Step 415 The access network device 2 closes the air coverage enhancement function according to the second cancellation instruction, and sends a second cancellation response to the access network device 1.
  • the second cancellation response is used to instruct the access network device 2 to close the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the access and mobility management network element 1 can send indication information for indicating the access information of the next hop of the drone to 1 currently serving the drone, so that the access network According to the access information of the next hop of the drone, the device 1 sends the first request and the second request to the access network device 2 and the access network device 3, requesting that the access network device 2 and the access network device are drones Prepare to access resources, such as: enabling the aerial coverage enhancement function for UAVs. In this way, before the drone switches to the cell of the access network device 2 or the cell of the access network device 3, the cell of the access network device 2 and the access network device 3 can be notified in advance to prepare access resources for the drone. In order to improve the success rate and efficiency of UAV cell handover.
  • the next hop access network device can send a cancellation instruction to other access network devices except for the access network device.
  • Other access network equipment cancels the air coverage enhancement function to avoid the power consumption caused by the air coverage enhancement function of the access network equipment of the cell when there is no drone access to the cell.
  • each network element such as the first access network device, the second access network device, the first access and mobility management network element, and the drone, etc., in order to achieve the above functions, includes performing various functions The corresponding hardware structure and/or software module.
  • this application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiment of the application can divide the functional modules of the first access network device, the second access network device, the first access and mobility management network element, and the drone according to the foregoing method examples, for example, can correspond to each function Divide each function module, also can integrate two or more functions into one processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 50 provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device 50 may be a first access network device or a chip or a system on a chip in the first access network device.
  • the communication device 50 may include: a receiving unit 501 and a sending unit 502;
  • the receiving unit 501 is configured to receive instruction information from the first access and mobility management network element; wherein, the communication device is the device that currently provides access services for the drone, and the instruction information is used to indicate the next hop of the drone
  • the access information includes the information of the second access network device and/or the information of the cell of the second access network device, and the second access network device is used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone .
  • the receiving unit 501 is configured to support the communication device 50 to perform step 302 and step 404.
  • the sending unit 502 is configured to send a first request according to the instruction information; where the first request is used to request the second access network device to prepare access resources for the drone.
  • the sending unit 502 is used to support the communication device 50 to perform step 303 and step 405.
  • the communication device 50 provided by the embodiment of the present application is used to perform the function of the first access network device in the drone communication method shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, and therefore can achieve the same effect as the aforementioned drone communication method.
  • the communication device 50 shown in FIG. 5 may include: a processing module and a communication module.
  • the communication module can integrate the functions of the receiving unit 501 and the sending unit 502.
  • the processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 50.
  • the processing module is used to support the communication device 50 to perform the process of the technology described herein.
  • the communication module is used to support the communication device 50 to perform step 302, step 404, step 303, step 405 and to communicate with other network entities.
  • the communication device 50 shown in FIG. 5 may also include a storage module for storing program codes and data of the communication device 50.
  • the processing module may be a processor or a controller. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application.
  • the processor may also be a combination of computing functions, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and so on.
  • the communication module can be a transceiver circuit or a communication interface.
  • the storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 50 shown in FIG. 5 may be the communication device shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 60 provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device 60 may be a second access network device or a chip or a system on a chip in the second access network device.
  • the communication device 60 may include: a receiving unit 601 and a preparing unit 602;
  • the receiving unit 601 is configured to receive a first request; where the first request is used to request the communication device 60 to prepare access resources for the drone.
  • the receiving unit 601 is configured to support the communication device 60 to perform step 304.
  • the preparation unit 602 is configured to prepare access resources for the drone according to the first request.
  • the preparation unit 602 is used to support the communication device 60 to perform step 304, step 406, step 408, and so on.
  • the communication device 60 may further include:
  • the sending unit 603 is configured to send a response to the first request; wherein the response to the first request is used to indicate that the drone is allowed to access the cell of the communication device, and the response to the first request includes Information of the cell of the communication device.
  • the communication device 60 may further include:
  • the timing unit 604 is configured to start a timer when the last drone that accesses the cell of the communication device leaves the cell of the communication device; if no drone is connected to the communication device before the timer expires If the second access network device communication device is a cell, the second access network device communication device turns off the air coverage enhancement function.
  • the communication device 60 provided by the embodiment of the present application is used to perform the function of the second access network device in the drone communication method shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, and therefore can achieve the same effect as the above-mentioned drone communication method.
  • the communication device 60 shown in FIG. 6 may include: a processing module and a communication module.
  • the processing module can integrate the functions of the preparation unit 602 and the timing unit 604, and the communication module can integrate the functions of the receiving unit 601 and the sending unit 603.
  • the processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 60.
  • the processing module is used to support the communication device 60 to perform step 304 and perform other processes of the technology described herein.
  • the communication module is used to support the communication device 60 to perform step 304 and communicate with other network entities.
  • the communication device 60 shown in FIG. 6 may also include a storage module for storing program codes and data of the communication device 60.
  • the processing module may be a processor or a controller. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application.
  • the processor may also be a combination of computing functions, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and so on.
  • the communication module can be a transceiver circuit or a communication interface.
  • the storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 60 shown in FIG. 6 may be the communication device shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 70 provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device 70 may be a chip or on-chip in the first access and mobility management network element or the first access and mobility management network element. system. As shown in FIG. 7, the communication device 70 may include: an acquiring unit 701 and a sending unit 702;
  • the acquiring unit 701 is configured to acquire access information of the next hop of the drone; wherein the access information includes information of a second access network device and/or information of a cell of the second access network device, The second access network device is used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone.
  • the acquiring unit 701 is used to support the communication device 70 to perform step 301, step 403, and so on.
  • the sending unit 702 is configured to send instruction information to a first access network device; wherein, the first access network device is a device currently providing access services for drones, and the instruction information is used to indicate the The access information of the next hop of the man-machine.
  • the sending unit 702 is used to support the communication device 70 to perform step 302, step 404, and so on.
  • the communication device 70 may further include:
  • the receiving unit 703 is configured to receive a first request from the first access network device; wherein, the first request is used to request the second access network device to request access resources for the drone ;
  • the sending unit 702 is further configured to send the first request to a second access and mobility management network element; wherein, the second access and mobility management network element is used for the second access Network equipment provides services.
  • the communication device 70 provided by the embodiment of the present application is used to perform the functions of the first access and mobility management network element in the UAV communication method shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, and therefore can achieve the same as the above UAV communication method. effect.
  • the communication device 70 shown in FIG. 7 may include: a processing module and a communication module.
  • the processing module may integrate the functions of the acquiring unit 701, and the communication module may integrate the functions of the sending unit 702 and the receiving unit 703.
  • the processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 70.
  • the processing module is used to support the communication device 70 to perform step 301, step 403, and other processes for performing the technology described herein.
  • the communication module is used to support the communication device 70 to perform step 302 and step 404 and to communicate with other network entities.
  • the communication device 70 shown in FIG. 7 may also include a storage module for storing program codes and data of the communication device 70.
  • the processing module may be a processor or a controller. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application.
  • the processor may also be a combination of computing functions, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and so on.
  • the communication module can be a transceiver circuit or a communication interface.
  • the storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 70 shown in FIG. 7 may be the communication device shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 80 provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device 80 may be a drone or a chip or a system on a chip in the drone. As shown in FIG. 8, the communication device 80 may include: a receiving unit 801, a selecting unit 802, and a sending unit 803.
  • the receiving unit 801 is configured to receive access information from a first access network device; wherein the access information includes cell information of the second access network device and cell information of the third access network device, so The second access network device and the third access network device are used to provide access services for the next hop of the drone.
  • the receiving unit 801 may be used to support the communication device 80 to perform step 410.
  • the selecting unit 802 is configured to obtain information from the cell of the second access network device and the cell of the third access network device according to the cell information of the second access network device and the cell information of the third access network device.
  • the first cell is selected from the cells.
  • the selection unit 802 may be used to support the communication device 80 to perform step 411.
  • the sending unit 803 sends a first access request to the access network device corresponding to the first cell; where the first access request is used to request access to the first cell.
  • the sending unit 803 may be used to support the communication device 80 to perform step 411 and the like.
  • the communication device 80 provided in the embodiment of the present application is used to perform the function of the drone in the drone communication method shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, and therefore can achieve the same effect as the above-mentioned drone communication method.
  • the communication device 80 shown in FIG. 8 may include: a processing module and a communication module.
  • the processing module can integrate the functions of the selection unit 802, and the communication module can integrate the functions of the receiving unit 801 and the sending unit 803.
  • the processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 80.
  • the processing module is used to support the communication device 80 to perform step 411 and perform other processes of the technology described herein.
  • the communication module is used to support the communication device 80 to perform step 410 and communicate with other network entities.
  • the communication device 80 shown in FIG. 8 may also include a storage module for storing program codes and data of the communication device 80.
  • the processing module may be a processor or a controller. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application.
  • the processor may also be a combination of computing functions, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and so on.
  • the communication module can be a transceiver circuit or a communication interface.
  • the storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 80 shown in FIG. 8 may be the communication device shown in FIG. 2.
  • the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be other division methods for example, multiple units or components may be It can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be omitted or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple different places. . Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products, which are stored in a storage medium. It includes several instructions to make a device (may be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统，涉及通信技术领域，以解决现有无人机进行小区切换时失败率和/或掉线率较高的问题。该方法包括：第一接入网设备接收来自第一接入与移动性管理网元的指示信息；其中，第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，指示信息用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息，接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息，第二接入网设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务；第一接入网设备根据指示信息，发送第一请求；其中，第一请求用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，第二接入网设备接收到第一请求后，为无人机准备接入资源。

Description

一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统
本申请要求于2018年12月27日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为201811613482.2、申请名称为“一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统。
背景技术
近年来，无人机市场逐渐兴盛，无人机在各个领域得到了广泛应用。如：无人机不仅可以应用到军事领域，而且在农业植保、电力巡检、警用执法、地质勘探等民用领域也得到应用。无人机可以称为“无人驾驶飞行器”(unmanned aerial vehicle，UAV)，是利用无线电遥控设备和自备的程序控制装置操纵的不载人飞机。无人机价值在于形成空中平台，结合其他部件扩展应用，替代人类完成空中作业。
无人机空中作业时，具有移动速度快、频繁切换小区的特点。由于基站的空中覆盖性能不佳等因素，当无人机切换到基站的小区时，无人机切换失败率和/或掉线率较高，严重影响无人机业务的连续性，无法保证无人机的服务性能。由此可知，若要保证无人机的服务性能，提高无人机小区切换的成功率成为首要解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统，以解决现有无人机进行小区切换时失败率和/或掉线率较高的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：
本申请实施例的第一方面，提供一种无人机通信方法，该方法可以包括：当前为无人机提供接入服务的第一接入网设备接收来自第一接入与移动性管理网元的指示信息，该指示信息用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息，如：可以包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息等，第一接入网设备根据该指示信息，发送用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源的第一请求。
基于第一方面所述的方法，接入与移动性管理网元可以向当前为无人机提供服务的第一接入网设备发送无人机下一跳的接入信息，使第一接入网设备根据无人机下一跳的接入信息，向为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的第二接入网设备发送请求，请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源。如此，可以在无人机切换到下一跳的小区之前，提前通知该小区对应的接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，避免了无人机切换到新的小区时，才为无人机准备接入资源所带来的切换时延，提高了无人机小区切换的成功率和效率。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面，所述方法还包括：第一接入网设备接收用于指示允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区的第一请求的响应，该第一请求的响应包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息，第一接入网设备向无人机发送第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
基于该可能的设计，可以将为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备的小区的信息告知无人机，以便无人机根据接收到的信息选择小区，并接入该小区。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或第一方面的可能的设计，为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备还包括第三接入网设备，所述方法还包括：第一接入网设备向第三接入网设备发送用于请求第三接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源的第二请求，接收来自第三接入网设备的用于指示允许无人机接入第三接入网设备的小区的第二请求的响应，该第二请求的响应包括第三接入网设备的小区的信息；第一接入网设备向无人机发送第三接入网设备的小区的信息。
基于该可能的设计，可以确定多个为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备，并将这多个接入网设备的小区的信息发送给无人机，以便无人机从多个接入网设备的小区中选择合适的小区，并接入选择出的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的设计，所述方法还包括：若无人机接入到第二接入网设备的小区，则第一接入网设备向第三接入网设备发送用于指示无人机取消接入到第三接入网设备的小区的第一取消指示；或者，若无人机接入到第三接入网设备的小区，则第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送用于指示无人机取消接入到第二接入网设备的小区的第二取消指示。
基于该可能的设计，当存在多个为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备的情况下，可以在确定无人机接入某个接入网设备的小区时，向其他接入网设备发送无人机取消接入到小区的指示，以便其他接入网设备在确认没有无人机接入其小区时，释放为无人机分配的接入资源等。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的设计，第一接入网设备发送第一请求，包括：第一接入网设备通过第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间的通信链路，向第二接入网设备发送第一请求；或者，当第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，第一接入网设备向第一接入与移动性管理网元发送第一请求。
基于该可能的设计，第一接入网设备可以通过其与第二接入网设备间的链路向第二接入网设备发送第一请求，或者，通过接入与移动性管理网元发送第一请求，发送方式灵活。
第二方面，本申请提供一种通信设备，该通信设备可以为第一接入网设备或者第一接入网设备中的芯片或者片上系统。该通信设备可以实现上述各方面或者各可能的设计中第一接入网设备所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。如：该通信设备可以包括：接收单元、发送单元。
接收单元，用于接收来自第一接入与移动性管理网元的指示信息；其中，通信设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，指示信息用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息，接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息，第二接入网设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
发送单元，用于根据指示信息，发送第一请求；其中，第一请求用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源。
其中，该通信设备的具体实现方式可以参考第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计提供的无人机通信方法中第一接入网设备的行为功能，在此不再重复赘述。因此，该提供的通信设备可以达到与第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计相同的有益效果。
第三方面，提供了一种通信设备，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机 执行指令，当该通信设备运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该通信设备执行如上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第四方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第一方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第五方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第一方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第六方面，提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器、通信接口，用于支持通信设备实现上述方面中所涉及的功能，例如处理器通过通信接口接收来自第一接入与移动性管理网元的、用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息指示信息；根据指示信息，发送第一请求；其中，第一请求用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于保存通信设备必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，第三方面至第六方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计所带来的技术效果，不再赘述。
本申请实施例的第七方面，提供一种无人机通信方法，所述方法可以包括：为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的第二接入网设备接收第一请求，第一请求用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源第一请求，第二接入网设备根据第一请求，为无人机准备接入资源。
基于第七方面所述的方法，为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的第二接入网设备可以接收第一请求，根据第一请求预先为无人机准备接入资源。如此，可以在无人机切换到下一跳的小区之前，提前通知该小区对应的接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，避免了无人机切换到新的小区时，才为无人机准备接入资源所带来的切换时延，提高了无人机小区切换的成功率和效率。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第七方面，所述方法还包括：第二接入网设备发送用于指示允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区的第一请求的响应，第一请求的响应包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
基于该可能的设计，第二接入网设备可以在允许无人机接入其小区的情况下，发送第二接入网设备的小区的信息给第一接入网设备，以便第一接入网设备将第二接入网设备的小区的信息发送给无人机，使无人机选择第二接入网设备的小区，并接入选择的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第七方面或第七方面的可能的设计，第一接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，包括：第一接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能。
基于该可能的设计，可以增强接入网设备空中覆盖的能力，以便接入网设备为无人机提供高可靠地接入服务。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第七方面或第七方面的任一可能的设计，第一请求还包括无人机行驶到第二接入网设备的覆盖区域的预估时间，第二接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能，包括：第二接入网设备在预估时间到达时，开启空中覆盖增强功能。
基于该可能的设计，可以在无人机到达第二接入网设备的覆盖区域或即将达到第二接入网设备的覆盖区域时，才开启第二接入网设备的空中覆盖增强能力，以免提早开启空中 覆盖增强能力导致的过早消耗接入网设备的功耗的问题。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第七方面或第七方面的任一可能的设计，所述方法还包括：在接入第二接入网设备的小区的最后一个无人机离开第二接入网设备的小区时，开启定时器；若定时器超时前，没有无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，则第二接入网设备关闭空中覆盖增强功能。
基于该可能的设计，可以在一段时间内，没有无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区时，关闭第二接入网设备的空中覆盖增强功能，降低第二接入网设备的功耗。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第七方面或第七方面的任一可能的设计，第二接入网设备接收第一请求，包括：第二接入网设备通过第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间的通信链路，接收第一接入网设备发送的第一请求；或者，当第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，第二接入网设备接收来自第二接入与移动性管理网元的第一请求；其中，第二接入与移动性管理网元用于为第二接入网设备提供服务。
基于该可能的设计，第二接入网设备可以通过其与第一接入网设备之间的链路接收第一接入网设备发送的第一请求，或者，接收第一接入网通过接入与移动性管理网元发送的第一请求，发送方式简单灵活。
第八方面，本申请提供一种通信设备，该通信设备可以为第二接入网设备或者第二接入网设备中的芯片或者片上系统，该通信设备可以实现上述第七方面或者第七方面的各可能的设计中第二接入网设备所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。如：该通信设备可以包括：接收单元，准备单元；
接收单元，用于接收第一请求；其中，通信设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务，第一请求用于请求通信设备为无人机准备接入资源；
准备单元，用于根据第一请求，为无人机准备接入资源。
其中，该通信设备的具体实现方式可以参考第七方面或第七方面的任一种可能的设计提供的无人机通信方法中第二接入网设备的行为功能，在此不再重复赘述。因此，该提供的通信设备可以达到与第七方面或者第七方面的任一种可能的设计相同的有益效果。
第九方面，提供了一种通信设备，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该通信设备运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该通信设备执行如上述第七方面或者第七方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第十方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第七方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第七方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器、通信接口，用于支持通信设备实现上述方面中所涉及的功能，例如处理器通过通信接口接收用于请求为无人机准备接入资源的第一请求，根据第一请求，为无人机准备接入资源。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于保存通信设备必要的程序指令和数据。该 芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，第九方面至第十二方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第七方面或者第七方面的任一种可能的设计所带来的技术效果，不再赘述。
第十三方面，本申请实施例提供一种无人机通信方法，所述方法可以包括：第一接入与移动性管理网元获取无人机下一跳的接入信息；其中，接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息，第二接入网设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务；第一接入与移动性管理网元向第一接入网设备发送指示信息；其中，第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，指示信息用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息。
基于第十三方面所述的方法，接入与移动性管理网元可以获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，并将获取到的信息发送给当前为无人机提供接入服务的接入网设备，以便接入网设备将接收到的信息发送给为人机提供下一跳接入服务的接入网设备。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十三方面，第一接入与移动性管理网元获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，包括：第一接入与移动性管理网元从无人机服务器获取无人机的行驶路线，根据无人机的行驶路线以及第一接入网设备的信息，确定无人机下一跳的接入信息。
基于该可能的设计，接入与移动性管理网元可以根据无人机的行驶路线以及无人机当前接入的接入网设备的信息，确定无人机下一跳的接入信息。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十三方面或第十三方面的可能的设计，第一接入与移动性管理网元获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，包括：第一接入与移动性管理网元从NWDAF获取无人机下一跳的接入信息。
基于该可能的设计，可以由NWDAF确定无人机下一跳的接入信息，接入与移动性管理网元可以从NWDAF获取无人机下一跳的接入信息。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十三方面或第十三方面的任一可能的设计，指示信息与注册响应或者路径切换响应中。
基于该可能的设计，可以通过现有的注册流程或者路径请求流程，向第一接入网设备发送指示信息，降低信令开销。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十三方面或第十三方面的任一可能的设计，当第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，所述方法还包括：第一接入与移动性管理网元接收来自第一接入网设备的用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机请求准备接入资源的第一请求，向第二接入与移动性管理网元发送第一请求。
基于该可能的设计，可以通过第一接入与移动性管理网元、第二接入与移动性管理网元向第一接入网设备发送第一请求。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十三方面或第十三方面的任一可能的设计，所述方法还包括：第一接入与移动性管理网元接收来自第二接入与移动性管理网元的、用于指示允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区的第一请求的响应，第一请求的响应包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
基于该可能的设计，可以通过第一接入与移动性管理网元、第二接入与移动性管理网元向第一接入网设备发送第一请求的响应，以便第一接入网设备将第一请求的响应中的小区的信息发送给无人机。
第十四方面，本申请提供一种通信设备，该通信设备可以为第一接入与移动性管理网 元或第一接入与移动性管理网元中的芯片或片上系统，该通信设备可以实现上述第十四方面或者第十四方面的各可能的设计中第一接入与移动性管理网元所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。如：该通信设备可以包括：获取单元，发送单元。
获取单元，用于获取无人机下一跳的接入信息；其中，接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息，第二接入网设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
发送单元，用于向第一接入网设备发送指示信息；其中，第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，指示信息用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息。
其中，该通信设备的具体实现方式可以参考第十四方面或第十四方面的任一种可能的设计提供的无人机通信方法中第一接入与移动性管理网元的行为功能，在此不再重复赘述。因此，该提供的通信设备可以达到与第十四方面或者第十四方面的任一种可能的设计相同的有益效果。
第十五方面，提供了一种通信设备，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该通信设备运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该通信设备执行如上述第十四方面或者第十四方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第十六方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第十四方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第十七方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第十四方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第十八方面，提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器、通信接口，用于支持通信设备实现上述方面中所涉及的功能，例如处理器获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，通过通信接口向第一接入网设备发送指示信息；其中，第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，指示信息用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于保存通信设备必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，第十五方面至第十八方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第十四方面或者第十四方面的任一种可能的设计所带来的技术效果，不再赘述。
第十九方面，提供一种无人机通信方法，所述方法包括：无人机接收来自第一接入网设备的第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，根据第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区，向第一小区对应的接入网设备发送第一接入请求；其中，第一接入请求用于请求接入第一小区。
基于第十九方面所述的方法，无人机可以预先从第一接入网设备接收为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备的小区的信息，根据接收到的信息选择合适的小区，并向该小区对应的接入网设备发送接入请求，请求接入该小区。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十九方面，无人机从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区，包括：无人机获取第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区的信号质量值，将第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中，信号质量值最大的小区确定为第一小区。
基于该可能的设计，无人机可以基于小区的信号质量值选择合适的小区，并接入选择出的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十九方面或第十九方面的可能的设计，所述方法还包括：若无人机未成功接入第一小区，则选择信号质量值次大的第二小区，向第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，第二接入请求用于请求接入第二小区。
基于该可能的设计，可以在无人机未成功接入信号质量值大的小区的情况下，按照小区的信号质量值，选择信号质量值次大的小区，接入信号质量值次大的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十九方面或第十九方面的可能的设计，接入信息还包括第二接入网设备的小区的优先级和第三接入网设备的小区的优先级，无人机从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区，包括：无人机将第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中，优先级最高的小区确定为第一小区。
基于该可能的设计，无人机可以基于小区的优先级选择合适的小区，并接入选择出的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，结合第十九方面或第十九方面的可能的设计，所述方法还包括：
若无人机未成功接入第一小区，则选择优先级次高的第二小区，向第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，第二接入请求用于请求接入第二小区。
基于该可能的设计，可以在无人机未成功接入优先级高的小区的情况下，按照小区的优先级，选择优先级次高的小区，接入优先级次高的小区。
第二十方面，本申请提供一种通信设备，该通信设备可以为为无人机或无人机中的芯片或片上系统，该通信设备可以实现上述第十九方面或者第十九方面的各可能的设计中无人机所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。如：该通信设备可以包括：接收单元、选择单元、发送单元；
接收单元，用于接收来自第一接入网设备的接入信息；其中，接入信息包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，第二接入网设备、第三接入网设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
选择单元，用于根据第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区；
发送单元，向第一小区对应的接入网设备发送第一接入请求；其中，第一接入请求用于请求接入第一小区。
其中，该通信设备的具体实现方式可以参考第十九方面或第十九方面的任一种可能的设计提供的无人机通信方法中无人机的行为功能，在此不再重复赘述。因此，该提供的通信设备可以达到与第十九方面或者第十九方面的任一种可能的设计相同的有益效果。
第二十一方面，提供了一种通信设备，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该通信设备运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令， 以使该通信设备执行如上述第十九方面或者第十九方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第二十二方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第十九方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第二十三方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第十九方面或者上述方面的任一种可能的设计所述的无人机通信方法。
第二十四方面，提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器、通信接口，用于支持通信设备实现上述方面中所涉及的功能，例如处理器通过通信接口接收来自第一接入网设备的第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，根据第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区，通过通信接口向第一小区对应的接入网设备发送第一接入请求。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于保存通信设备必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，第二十一方面至第二十四方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第十九方面或者第十九方面的任一种可能的设计所带来的技术效果，不再赘述。
第二十五方面，提供一种无人机通信系统，包括如第二方面至第六方面任一方面所述的第一接入网设备、如第八方面至第十二方面中任一方面所述的第二接入网设备、如第十四方面至第十八方面中任一方面所述的第一接入与移动性管理网元以及如第二十方面至第二十四方面中任一方面所述的无人机。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种系统架构的简化示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的组成示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种无人机通信方法的流程图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一种无人机通信方法的流程图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备50的组成示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备60的组成示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备70的组成示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备80的组成示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
本申请实施例提供的方法可以应用于为无人机提供接入服务以及网络资源的任一通信系统。该通信系统可以为第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)通信系统，如：可以为第4代(4th generation，4G)通信系统，还可以为长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)通信系统，又可以为第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统或者新空口(new radio，NR)系统，也可以为V2X系统等，不予限制。下面以图1所示通信系统为例，对本申请实施例提供的方法进行描述。
如图1所示，该通信系统可以包括无人机、多个接入网设备(如图1所示的接入网设 备1、接入网设备2、接入网设备3、接入网设备4)，还可以包括核心网、用户面网元以及数据网络(data network，DN)，不同接入网设备可以接入不同的核心网，也可以接入同一核心网。同一核心网下的接入网设备之间可以通过通信链路相互通信，如：图1中核心网1下的接入网设备1和接入网设备间可以建立有通信链路，二者可以通过该通信链路相互通信。示例性的，当图1所示通信系统为4G通信系统时，该通信链路可以为X2接口链路，当图1所示通信系统为5G通信系统时，该通信链路可以为Xn接口链路。核心网可以包括接入与移动性管理网元、网络数据分析功能等网元，核心网中的各个网元之间可以通过服务化接口相互通信。DN可以包括无人机服务器。无人机可以通过无线通信链路与接入网设备无人机相互通信，该无线通信链路可以为Uu链路。接入网设备可以与核心网中的网元进行控制信令交互，在核心网网元的管理和控制下，通过用户面网元接入DN，将无人机服务器提供的服务提供给无人机，或者，将无人机生成的数据或信息通过用户面网元反馈给无人机服务器等。
其中，图1中的无人机可以称为UAV，可以用于替代人类完成空中作业。本申请实施例中，用于实现无人机的功能的装置可以是无人机，也可以是能够支持无人机实现该功能的装置，例如：无人机中的功能模块或者芯片系统。下面以用于实现无人机的功能的装置是无人机为例，描述本申请实施例提供的方法。
其中，图1中的接入网设备主要用于实现无线物理控制功能、资源调度和无线资源管理、无线接入控制以及移动性管理等功能。示例性的，该接入网设备可以为接入网(access network，AN)/无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备，还可以为由多个5G-AN/5G-RAN节点组成的设备，又可以为基站(nodeB，NB)、演进型基站(evolution nodeB，eNB)、下一代基站(generation nodeB，gNB)、收发点(transmission receive point，TRP)、传输点(transmission point，TP)以及某种其它接入节点中的任一节点。本申请实施例中，用于实现接入网设备的功能的装置可以是接入网设备，也可以是能够支持接入网设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统。下面以用于实现接入网设备的功能的装置是接入网设备为例，描述本申请实施例提供的方法。
其中，图1中的接入与移动性管理网元可以为接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)或者移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)。该接入与移动性管理网元主要负责对包括无人机在内的终端进行接入控制、移动性管理、附着以及去附着等。
其中，图1中的网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)主要负责对无人机生成的数据或者通信系统中其他网元生成的数据进行统计分析等。
其中，图1中的无人机服务器可以称为无人机服务提供商(UAS service supplier，USS)或者无人机交通管理(unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management，UTM)，无人机服务器可以是应用域的为无人机提供业务的服务器，主要负责无人机的登记注册、飞行计划审批、飞行操作授权、飞行监视、飞行管制等功能，可以是无人机监管服务器，还可以是无人机应用业务服务器。
在图1所示通信系统中，无人机可以按照既定的行驶路线飞行，且在飞行过程中可能会经过不同的小区。如图1所示，无人机在从A地飞行到B地的过程中，该无人机首先会经过接入网设备1的小区，其次经过接入网设备2或接入网设备3的小区，最后经过接入 网设备3的小区，到达目的地(B地)。为了保证无人机业务的连续性，当无人机从一个小区飞到另一个新的小区时，需要及时、高效地对无人机进行小区间切换。为了实现对无人机及时、高效地进行小区切换，本申请实施例提供了下述方法：
接入与移动性管理网元可以向当前为无人机提供服务的接入网设备发送指示信息，以指示无人机下一跳的接入信息。当前为无人机提供服务的接入网设备可以根据无人机下一跳的接入信息，向为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备发送请求，请求为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，如：为无人机开启空中覆盖增强功能等。如此，可以提前通知为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备，在无人机切换到该接入网设备的小区之前，为无人机准备接入资源，提高无人机小区切换的成功率和效率。具体的。该方法的实现过程可参照下述图3-图4对应的实施例中所述。
需要说明的是，图1所示网络架构仅为示例性架构图，本申请实施例不限定图1所示通信系统包括的设备的数量。虽然未示出，但除图1所示设备外，图1所示网络还可以包括其他功能实体，如：可以包括统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)等等。此外，上述图1通信系统中的设备、各个设备之间的通信链路的命名只是一个示例，具体实现中，各个设备、设备之间的通信链路的命名还可以为其他名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
其中，执行本申请实施例的接入网设备、接入与移动性管理网元以及无人机可以由图2所示硬件或者硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。如图2所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备200的组成示意图，如图2所示，该通信设备200包括至少一个处理器201，通信线路202，以及至少一个通信接口203；进一步的，还可以包括存储器204。其中，处理器201，存储器204以及通信接口203三者之间可以通过通信线路202连接。在本申请实施例中，至少一个可以是一个、两个、三个或者更多个，不予限制。
其中，处理器201，可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，通用处理器网络处理器(network processor，NP)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或它们的任意组合。处理器还可以是其它任意具有处理功能的装置，例如电路、器件或软件模块。
通信线路202，可包括通路，用于在通信设备包括的部件之间传送信息。
通信接口203，可以用于与其他设备或通信网络通信(如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等)。通信接口203可以是模块、电路、收发器或者任何能够实现通信的装置。
存储器204，可以包括图2所示的数据库，可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和/或指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，也可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和/或指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，还可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，不限于此。一种可能的设计中，存储器204可以独立于处理器201存在，即存储器204可以为处理器201外部的存储器，此时，存储器204 可以通过通信线路202与处理器201相连接，用于存储指令或者程序代码。处理器201调用并执行存储器204中存储的指令或程序代码时，能够实现本申请下述实施例提供的无人机通信方法。又一种可能的设计中，存储器204也可以和处理器201集成在一起，即存储器204可以为处理器201的内部存储器，例如，该存储器204为高速缓存，可以用于暂存一些数据和/或指令信息等。
在一种示例中，处理器201可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图2中的CPU0和CPU1。作为另一种可实现方式，通信设备200可以包括多个处理器，例如图2中的处理器201和处理器207。作为再一种可实现方式，通信设备200还可以包括输出设备205和输入设备206。示例性地，输入设备206可以是键盘、鼠标、麦克风或操作杆等设备，输出设备205可以是显示屏、扬声器(speaker)等设备。
需要说明的是，当通信设备200实现接入网设备或者接入与移动性管理网元的功能时，该通信设备200可以是一个通用设备或者是一个专用设备。如：通信设备200可以是台式机、便携式电脑、网络服务器、移动手机、平板电脑、无线终端、嵌入式设备、芯片系统或有图2中类似结构的设备，本申请实施例不限定通信设备200的类型。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。此外，图2中示出的设备结构并不构成对该通信设备的限定，除图2所示部件之外，该通信设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
下面结合图1所示通信系统，对本申请实施例提供的无人机通信方法进行描述。其中，下述方法实施例中提及的各个设备可以具有图2所示组成部分，不再赘述。需要说明的是，本申请下述实施例中各个设备之间的消息名字或消息中各参数的名字等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种无人机通信方法，如图3所示，该方法可以包括：
步骤301：第一接入与移动性管理网元获取无人机下一跳的接入信息。
其中，第一接入与移动性管理网元可以为当前为无人机提供服务的核心网网元。例如，若当前无人机处于图1中接入网设备1的小区，则第一接入与移动性管理网元可以为核心网1中的接入与移动性管理网元1。
其中，无人机下一跳的接入信息可以包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息。第二接入网设备可以用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务。本申请实施例中，为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备可以包括一个接入网设备，也可以包括两个或者两个以上接入网设备，不予限制。例如，若当前无人机处于图1中接入网设备1的小区，由接入网设备1为无人机提供接入服务，后续，随着无人机的飞行，无人机下一跳可能飞行到接入网设备2的小区或接入网设备3的小区，由接入网设备2或接入网设备3为无人机提供接入服务，则为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备可以包括接入网设备2和接入网设备3。
第二接入网设备的信息可以用于标识第二接入网设备。示例性的，第二接入网设备的信息可以是第二接入网设备的因特网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址或者媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)地址等，不予限制。
第二接入网设备的小区的信息可以包括第二接入网设备的小区的ID，还可以包括小区频点、小区优先级、前导码(preamle)、小区切换门限等。小区的ID可以用于标识小区， 可以为小区的编号或者索引号(index)。小区频点可以为接入该小区的频点。小区优先级可以用于指示接入该小区的先后顺序。前导码可以是接入该小区所采用的前导码。小区切换门限可以为将无人机从该小区切换到新的小区的门限，当无人机接入该小区的信号质值小于该小区切换门限时，无人机可以切换到新的小区，反之，则无需将无人机切换到新的小区。
在一种示例中，第一接入与移动性管理网元可以从无人机服务器获取无人机的行驶路线，根据无人机的行驶路线以及第一接入网设备的信息，获取无人机下一跳的接入信息。
其中，无人机的行驶路线可以由用户根据需要设定，并预先存储在无人机服务器上。无人机的行驶路线可以包括多个地理区域，这些地理区域可以按照无人机行驶的先后顺序先后排列。例如，无人机的行驶路线可以包括{A地、C地、D地…B地}，这表示无人机的行驶路线为从A地经过C地、D地…到达B地。
第一接入网设备可以为当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备。第一接入网设备的信息可以用于标识第一接入网设备，第一接入网设备的信息可以是第一接入网设备的IP地址或者MAC地址等，不予限制。
第一接入与移动性管理网元根据无人机的行驶路线以及第一接入网设备的信息，获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，可以包括：第一接入与移动性管理网元根据第一接入网设备的信息确定当前无人机所处的地理区域，确定无人机的行驶路线中与当前无人机所处的地理区域相邻的下一个地理区域，根据下一个地理区域获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，如：可以将覆盖下一个地理区域的接入网设备确定为第二接入网设备。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，无人机的行驶路线还可以在RAN操作与管理(operation and management，OAM)上保存并实时更新，RAN OAM可以据此确定无人机下一跳的接入信息，第一接入与移动性管理网元可以从RAN OAM获取无人机下一跳的接入信息。
如：在又一种示例中，第一接入与移动性管理网元可以向RAN OAM发送包含无人机的下一个地理区域的请求消息，用于请求该区域的接入信息，RAN OAM收到请求后，确定所请求地理区域对应的基站和/或接入小区信息。再如：第一接入与移动性管理网元可以向RAN OAM发送包含无人机下一跳的基站信息的请求消息，用于请求该基站对应无人机的接入信息，RAN OAM收到请求后，确定所请求基站对应的接入小区信息。
在再一种示例中，第一接入与移动性管理网元可以从NWDAF获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，如：第一接入与移动性管理网元可以向NWDAF发送包括无人机的标识请求，请求无人机下一跳的接入信息，可选地，该请求中还可以包含以及无人机当前飞行区域的信息，NWDAF接收到请求后，获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，并向第一接入与移动性管理网元发送无人机下一跳的接入信息。
其中，NWDAF获取无人机下一跳的接入信息可以包括：NWDAF可以获取该无人机的历史飞行数据，对该无人机的历史飞行数据进行统计分析，确定无人机的飞行特性，结合无人机的飞行特性、无人机当前飞行区域以及飞行动态(如飞行方向，飞行高度，飞行速度等)，获取无人机下一跳的接入信息。
其中，无人机的历史飞行数据可以包括无人机的飞行时间、无人机的飞行区域等。无人机的飞行特性可以包括无人机的飞行路线、飞行习惯等。
步骤302：第一接入与移动性管理网元向第一接入网设备发送指示信息。
其中，该指示信息可以用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息，如：可以为与无人机下一跳的接入信息相对应的标识符(identifier)等。无人机下一跳的接入信息可以参照上述，不再赘述。
在一种示例中，第一接入与移动性管理网元可以在无人机进行网络注册的过程中，向第一接入网设备发送指示信息。如：无人机可以通过第一接入网设备向第一接入与移动性管理网元发送注册请求，第一接入与移动性管理接收到注册请求后，对无人机进行网络注册，并向第一接入网设备返回注册响应以及指示信息。
其中，注册请求可以用于请求对无人机进行网络注册，注册响应可以用于指示对无人机成功进行网络注册或网络注册失败。指示信息可以和注册响应承载在同一消息中，如：承载在N2消息(N2 message)中发送给第一接入网设备，第一接入网设备接收到N2消息后，可以从N2消息中获取指示信息，同时，不对注册响应进行解析，而是将注册响应发送给无人机。
如此，可以借助现有流程向第一接入网设备发送用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息的指示信息，降低信令开销。类似的，第一接入与移动性管理网元也可以借助其他现有流程(如：服务请求流程)向第一接入网设备发送指示信息，不予限制。
在又一种示例中，第一接入与移动性管理网元还可以通过第一接入与移动性管理网元与第一接入网设备之间的N2链路，向第一接入网设备发送指示信息。如：第一接入与移动性管理网元可以将指示信息包括在一条独立的N2消息中，向第一接入网设备发送。
在再一种示例中，第一接入网设备可以向第一接入与移动性管理网元发送路径切换请求，请求更新无人机的用户面路径；第一接入与移动性管理接收到路径切换请求后，执行相应的用户面路径更新流程，并向第一接入网设备返回路径切换响应和指示信息。
其中，路径切换响应可以用于指示无人机的用户面路径成功切换或切换失败。指示信息可以和路径切换响应承载在同一消息中，如：承载在N2消息中发送给第一接入网设备，第一接入网设备接收到N2消息后，可以从N2消息中获取指示信息。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例不限定将指示信息与注册响应或者路径切换响应承载在同一消息中发送给第一接入网设备，还可以将指示信息承载在第一接入与移动性管理网元向第一接入网设备发送的其他消息中，如：一条新增的消息中，不予限制。
在本申请各实施例中，第一接入网设备可以测量无人机当前接入的小区的信号质量值，在确定无人机接入的小区的信号质量值小于预设切换阈值的情况下，向第一接入与移动性管理网元发送第一请求，请求该无人机下一跳的接入信息，第一接入与移动性管理网元向第一接入网设备返回包含无人机下一跳的接入信息的响应消息。
其中，预设切换阈值可以根据需要进行设置，当无人机接入的小区的信号质量值小于预设切换阈值时，表示无人机当前接入的小区的信号质量不好，需切换到其他新的小区；反之，则无需将无人机切换到其他小区。本申请实施例中，第一接入网设备可以采用现有技术测量无人机接入的小区的信号值，在此不再赘述。
步骤303：第一接入网设备接收指示信息，根据指示信息发送第一请求。
其中，第一请求可以用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，如：可以用于请求第二接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能等。
以第一请求用于请求第二接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能为例，一种可能的设计中，第一请求可以包括一指示符，该指示符可以用于指示第二接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能。如：该指示符可以为二进制比特数“0”或“1”，当该指示符为“1”时，指示第二接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能，当该指示符为“0”，或者，第一请求不包括该指示符时，指示第二接入网设备不开启空中覆盖增强功能。又一种可能的设计中，第一请求可以包括设备类型指示信息，该设备类型指示信息用于标识无人机设备类型，第二接入网设备接收到第一请求后，可以根据该终端类型获知为无人机，开启空中覆盖增强功能。其中，该终端类型指示信息可以为无人机的标识，无人机的标识可以用于标识该无人机。
在一种示例中，第一接入网设备根据指示信息发送第一请求可以包括：第一接入网设备将指示信息作为触发条件，当第一接入网设备接收到指示信息时，根据指示信息所指示的第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息，向第二接入网设备发送第一请求。
在又一种示例中，第一接入网设备根据指示信息发送第一请求可以包括：第一接入网设备接收到指示信息后，可以测量无人机当前接入的小区的信号质量值，在确定无人机接入的小区的信号质量值小于预设切换阈值的情况下，根据指示信息所指示的第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息，向第二接入网设备发送第一请求。
其中，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第一请求，可以包括下述任一种方式：
方式一：第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间建立有通信链路。
第一接入网设备通过该通信链路，向第二接入网设备发送第一请求。
例如，如图1所示，假设接入网设备1是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，接入网设备2用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务，从图1可知，接入网设备1和接入网设备2在同一核心网的服务下，接入网设备1可以通过其与接入网设备2之间的通信链路，向接入网设备2发送第一请求。
方式二、第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备未建立通信链路。
第一接入网设备向第一接入与移动性管理网元发送第一请求，第一接入与移动性管理网元接收到第一请求后，将第一请求发送给第二接入与移动性管理网元，第二接入与移动性管理网元接收到第一请求后，将第一请求发送给第二接入网设备。
其中，第二接入与移动性管理网元用于为第二接入网设备提供服务，第二接入与移动性管理网元与第二接入网设备之间存在N2或者S1-MME连接。
例如，如图1所示，假设接入网设备1是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，接入网设备3用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务，从图1可知，接入网设备1和接入网设备3无通信链接，如：不存在X2接口链路或Xn接口连接等，接入网设备1由接入与移动性管理网元1为其提供服务，接入网设备3由接入与移动性管理网元2为其提供服务。接入网设备1可以向接入与移动性管理网元1发送第一请求，接入与移动性管理网元1接收到第一请求后，将第一请求发送给接入与移动性管理网元2，接入与移动性管理网元3接收到第一请求后，将第一请求发送给接入网设备3。
步骤304：第二接入网设备接收第一请求，根据第一请求为无人机准备接入资源。
其中，第二接入网设备根据第一请求为无人机准备接入资源，可以包括：第二接入网设备将第一请求作为第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源的触发条件，当第二接入网设 备接收到第一请求时，开始为无人机准备接入资源。
第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源可以包括：开启空中覆盖增强功能，还可以包括判断是否允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，若允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，获取第二接入网设备为该无人机提供的小区的信息。其中，第二接入网设备判断是否允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区的方式可参照现有技术，第二接入网设备的小区的信息的相关描述可参照步骤301中所述，不再赘述。
基于图3所述的方法，接入与移动性管理网元可以向当前为无人机提供服务的第一接入网设备发送用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息的指示信息，使得第一接入网设备根据无人机下一跳的接入信息，向为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备(如：第二接入网设备)发送请求，请求为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，如：为无人机开启空中覆盖增强功能等。与现有技术相比，图3所示方法可以在无人机切换到新的小区之前，提前通知该小区对应的接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，即预先为无人机的小区切换做好准备，避免了无人机切换到新的小区时，才为无人机准备接入资源所带来的切换时延，提高了无人机小区切换的成功率和效率。
在图3所示方法中，第一请求可以包括无人机行驶到第二接入网设备的覆盖区域的预估时间，该预估时间可以由第一接入网设备根据当前无人机的行驶速度以及第二接入网设备的覆盖区域确定。
第二接入网设备接收到第一请求后，从第一请求中获取该预估时间，并在预估时间到达时或者即将到达时，为无人机准备接入资源，如：开启空中覆盖增强功能等。
其中，假设第一接入网设备预估无人机行驶到第二接入网设备的覆盖区域的时间为10点，则第二接入网设备可以在10为无人机准备接入资源，也可以在9.55或者其他接近10点的时刻为无人机准备接入资源。
如此，可以参考无人机行驶到第二接入网设备的覆盖区域的时间，开始为无人机准备接入资源，避免过早为无人机准备接入资源导致的第二接入网设备的空中资源长时间闲置，以及长时间开启空中覆盖增强功能带来的第二接入网设备的功耗降低的问题。
进一步，图3所述方法中，在第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第一请求后，所述方法还可以包括：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送第一请求的响应，第一接入网设备接收第一请求的响应。
其中，第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送第一请求的响应的过程可参照第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第一请求的过程。如：第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间建立有通信链路，第二接入网设备可以通过该通信链路向第二接入网设备发送第一请求的响应；或者，第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备未建立通信链路，第二接入网设备向第二接入与移动性管理网元发送第一请求的响应，第二接入与移动性管理网元接收到第一请求的响应后，将第一请求的响应转发给第一接入与移动性管理网元，第一接入与移动性管理网元接收到第一请求的响应后，将第一请求的响应转发给第一接入网设备。
其中，在第二接入网设备确定允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区时，第一请求的响应可以用于指示允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，第一请求的响应可以包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息。其中，允许无人机接入的第二接入网设备的小区可以是一个或多个；可以是无人机专用小区，或者普通小区。第一接入网设备接收到第一请求的响应之 后，所述方法还可以包括：第一接入网设备向无人机发送第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
反之，在第二接入网设备确定不允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区时，第一请求的响应可以用于指示不允许无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，第一接入网设备接收到第一请求的响应之后，不向无人机发送任何信息。
如此，第一接入网设备可以将为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的接入网设备中，允许无人机接入的接入网设备的小区的信息发送给无人机，以便无人机根据接收到的小区的信息中，从多个小区中选择合适的小区，并接入选择出的小区。
进一步的，为了避免第二接入网设备一直开启空中覆盖增加能力，导致第二接入网设备功耗降低，在图3所示方法中，还可以在第二接入网设备中设置一定时器，该定时器的时长可以根据需要进行设置，不予限制。
当接入第二接入网设备的小区的最后一个无人机离开第二接入网设备的小区时，开启该定时器；若定时器超时(或者溢出)前，没有无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，则第二接入网设备关闭空中覆盖增强功能。
如此，可以在一段时间内，若没有无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，则关闭第二接入网设备的空中覆盖增强功能，避免在没有无人机接入的情况下，仍开启空中覆盖增强功能所带来的功耗。
上面仅以为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备为第二接入网设备为例进行了介绍，可选的，在图3所示方法中，为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备还可以包括第三接入网设备、第四接入网设备等其他多个设备。其中，与第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第一请求类似，第一接入网设备也可以向其他设备发送用于请求为无人机准备接入资源的请求，以便其他设备为无人机准备接入资源。具体的，其过程可参照步骤303～304所述。
以为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备还包括第三接入网设备为例，图3所示方法还可以包括：第一接入网设备向第三接入网设备发送第二请求；其中，第二请求用于请求第三接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源；
第三接入网设备根据第二请求，为无人机准备接入资源，并向第一接入网设备发送第二请求的响应，第一接入网设备接收来自第三接入网设备的第二请求的响应。
其中，第一接入网设备向第三接入网设备发送第二请求的过程可按照第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第一请求的过程，不再赘述。
其中，第三接入网设备根据第二请求，为无人机准备接入资源，并向第一接入网设备发送第二请求的响应的过程可参照第二接入网设备根据第一请求，为无人机准备接入资源，并向第一接入网设备发送第一请求的响应的过程，不再赘述。
其中，在第三接入网设备确定允许无人机接入第三接入网设备的小区时，第二请求的响应可以用于指示允许无人机接入第三接入网设备的小区，第二请求的响应可以包括第三接入网设备的小区的信息；第一接入网设备接收到第二请求的响应之后，还可以向无人机发送第三接入网设备的小区的信息。
反之，在第三接入网设备确定不允许无人机接入第三接入网设备的小区时，第二请求的响应可以用于指示不允许无人机接入第三接入网设备的小区，第一接入网设备接收到第二请求的响应之后，不向无人机发送任何信息。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例不限定第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第一请求 以及向第三接入网设备发送第二请求的时序，例如，第一接入网设备可以先向第二接入网设备发送第一请求，再向第三接入网设备发送第二请求；也可以同时向第二接入网设备发送第一请求，向第三接入网设备发送第二请求，不予限制。
由上可知，当为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备包括两个或两个以上接入网设备时，第一接入网设备可以向两个或两个以上接入网设备分别发送用于请求为无人机准备接入资源的请求，并可以接收到两个或者两个以上接入网设备返回的响应，将两个或者两个以上接入网设备的小区的信息发送给无人机，以便无人机根据两个或者两个以上接入网设备的小区的信息，从两个或者两个以上接入网设备的小区中选择出合适的小区，并接入该小区。以为无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备包括第二接入网设备和第三接入网设备为例，该过程可以包括：
无人机接收来自第一接入网设备的接入信息；其中，接入信息可以包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息；
无人机根据接入信息，从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区选择出第一小区，向第一小区对应的接入网设备发送第一接入请求；其中，第一接入请求用于请求接入第一小区。
在一种示例中，无人机从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区选择出第一小区可以包括：无人机获取从第二接入网设备的小区的信号质量值和第三接入网设备的小区的信号质量值，将信号质量值最大的小区确定为第一小区。
若无人机未成功接入第一小区，则无人机选择信号质量值次大的第二小区，向第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，第二接入请求用于请求接入第二小区。
在又一种示例中，接入信息还包括第二接入网设备的小区的优先级和第三接入网设备的小区的优先级，无人机从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区选择出第一小区可以包括：无人机将第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中，优先级最高的小区确定为第一小区。
若无人机未成功接入第一小区，则无人机选择优先级次高的第二小区，向第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，第二接入请求用于请求接入第二小区。
进一步的，在图3所示方法中，为了避免未接入无人机的接入网设备开启空中覆盖增加能力，耗费该接入网设备的功耗，所述方法还可以包括：
若无人机接入到第二接入网设备的小区，则第一接入网设备向第三接入网设备发送第一取消指示，第一取消指示可以是一条独立的消息，也可以是消息中的一个信元或参数。第三接入网设备根据第一取消指示，关闭空中覆盖增强功能；其中，第一取消指示用于指示无人机取消接入到第三接入网设备的小区；或者，
若无人机接入到第三接入网设备的小区，则第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第二取消指示，第二接入网设备根据第二取消指示，关闭空中覆盖增强功能；其中，取消指示用于指示无人机取消接入到第二接入网设备的小区。
如此，可以在一段时间内，若没有无人机接入第二接入网设备的小区，向接入网设备发送取消指示，指示该接入网设备无人机不会接入到的小区，后续，该接入网设备可以根据该取消指示关闭接入网设备的空中覆盖增强功能，节省开启空中覆盖增强功能所带来的功耗。
下面结合图1，以第一接入网设备为图1中的接入网设备1，下一跳为无人机提供的接入服务的设备包括第二接入网设备和第三接入网设备，第二接入网设备为图1中的接入网设备2、第三接入网设备为图1中的接入网设备3为例，对图3所示方法进行介绍：
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一种无人机通信方法，如图4所示，该方法可以包括：
步骤401：无人机向接入网设备1发送注册请求。
步骤402：接入网设备1向接入与移动性管理网元1发送注册请求。
步骤403：接入与移动性管理网元1获取无人机下一跳的接入信息。
其中，步骤402可参照步骤301所述，不再赘述。
步骤404：接入与移动性管理网元1向接入网设备1发送N2消息。
其中，N2消息包括注册响应以及指示信息。指示信息的相关描述可以参照步骤301中所述，不再赘述。
步骤405：接入网设备1接收N2消息，根据N2消息中的指示信息，向接入网设备2发送第一请求，向接入网设备3发送第二请求。
其中，第一请求、第二请求的相关描述可参照上述，不再赘述。
接入网设备1向接入网设备2发送第一请求的过程可参照图3所示方法中，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送第一请求的过程，不再赘述。
接入网设备1向接入网设备3发送第二请求的过程可参照图3所示方法中，第一接入网设备向第三接入网设备发送第二请求的过程，不再赘述。
需要说明的是，接入网设备1接收到N2消息后，还可以从N2消息中解析出注册响应，向无人机发送注册响应，以指示无人机网络注册成功或失败。
步骤406：接入网设备2接收第一请求，为无人机准备接入资源。
其中，步骤406可参照步骤304所述，不再赘述。
步骤407：接入网设备2向接入网设备1发送第一请求的响应。
其中，第一请求的响应可以包括接入网设备2的小区的信息。
步骤408：接入网设备3接收第二请求，为无人机准备接入资源。
其中，步骤408可参照上述第三接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源的过程，不再赘述。
步骤409：接入网设备3向接入网设备1发送第二请求的响应。
其中，第一请求的响应可以包括接入网设备2的小区的信息。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例不限定步骤406～步骤409的执行顺序，可以先执行步骤406和步骤407，再执行步骤408和步骤409；也可以先执行步骤408和步骤409，再执行步骤406和步骤407，不予限制。
步骤410：接入网设备1接收第一请求的响应和第二请求的响应，向无人机发送接入网设备2的小区的信息以及接入网设备3的小区的信息。
步骤411：无人机接收接入网设备2的小区的信息以及接入网设备3的小区的信息，从接入网设备2的小区以及接入网设备3的小区中选择出第一小区，并接入第一小区。
若第一小区为接入网设备2的小区，则执行步骤412和步骤413；若第一小区为接入网设备3的小区，则执行步骤414和步骤415。
其中，无人机选择第一小区的过程可参照图3对应的实施例中所述，不再赘述。
步骤412：接入网设备1向接入网设备3发送第一取消指示。
其中，第一取消指示可以参照上述，不再赘述。
步骤413：接入网设备3根据第一取消指示，关闭空中覆盖增强功能，并向接入网设备1发送第一取消响应。
其中，第一取消响应用于指示接入网设备3关闭空中覆盖增强功能。
步骤414：接入网设备1向接入网设备2发送第二取消指示。
其中，第二取消指示可以参照上述，不再赘述。
步骤415：接入网设备2根据第二取消指示，关闭空中覆盖增强功能，并向接入网设备1发送第二取消响应。
其中，第二取消响应用于指示接入网设备2关闭空中覆盖增强功能。
基于图4所述的方法，接入与移动性管理网元1可以向当前为无人机提供服务的1发送用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息的指示信息，使得接入网设备1根据无人机下一跳的接入信息，向接入网设备2和接入网设备3发送第一请求、第二请求，请求接入网设备2和接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源，如：为无人机开启空中覆盖增强功能等。如此，可以在无人机切换到接入网设备2的小区或接入网设备3的小区之前，提前通知接入网设备2的小区、接入网设备3为无人机准备接入资源，以提高了无人机小区切换的成功率和效率。同时，当确定无人机接入到某个接入网设备的小区后，可以向下一跳接入网设备中，除该接入网设备之外的其他接入网设备发送取消指示，以便其他接入网设备取消空中覆盖增强功能，避免没有无人机接入小区的情况下，该小区的接入网设备仍旧开启空中覆盖增强功能所带来的功耗。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元，例如第一接入网设备、第二接入网设备、第一接入与移动性管理网元以及无人机等为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对第一接入网设备、第二接入网设备、第一接入与移动性管理网元以及无人机进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备50的组成示意图，该通信设备50可以为第一接入网设备或者第一接入网设备中的芯片或者片上系统。如图5所示，该通信设备50可以包括：接收单元501，发送单元502；
接收单元501，用于接收来自第一接入与移动性管理网元的指示信息；其中，通信设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，指示信息用于指示无人机下一跳的接入信息，接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或第二接入网设备的小区的信息，第二接入网设备用 于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务。例如，接收单元501用于支持通信设备50执行步骤302、步骤404。
发送单元502，用于根据指示信息，发送第一请求；其中，第一请求用于请求第二接入网设备为无人机准备接入资源。例如，发送单元502用于支持通信设备50执行步骤303，步骤405。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。本申请实施例提供的通信设备50用于执行图3～图4所示无人机通信方法中第一接入网设备的功能，因此可以达到与上述无人机通信方法相同的效果。
作为又一种可实现方式，图5所示通信设备50可以包括：处理模块和通信模块。通信模块可以集成接收单元501、发送单元502的功能。处理模块用于对通信设备50的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理模块用于支持该通信设备50执行本文所描述的技术的过程。通信模块用于支持通信设备50执行步骤302、步骤404、步骤303，步骤405以及与其他网络实体的通信。进一步的，图5所示通信设备50还可以包括存储模块，用于存储通信设备50的程序代码和数据。
其中，处理模块可以是处理器或控制器。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。通信模块可以是收发电路或通信接口等。存储模块可以是存储器。当处理模块为处理器，通信模块为通信接口，存储模块为存储器时，图5所示通信设备50可以为图2所示通信设备。
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备60的组成示意图，该通信设备60可以为第二接入网设备或者第二接入网设备中的芯片或者片上系统。如图6所示，该通信设备60可以包括：接收单元601，准备单元602；
接收单元601，用于接收第一请求；其中，第一请求用于请求所述通信设备60为所述无人机准备接入资源。例如，接收单元601用于支持通信设备60执行步骤304。
准备单元602，用于根据所述第一请求，为所述无人机准备接入资源。例如，准备单元602用于支持通信设备60执行步骤304、步骤406、步骤408等。
进一步的，如图6所示，通信设备60还可以包括：
发送单元603，用于发送所述第一请求的响应；其中，所述第一请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述通信设备的小区，所述第一请求的响应包括所述通信设备的小区的信息。
进一步的，如图6所示，通信设备60还可以包括：
定时单元604，用于在接入所述通信设备的小区的最后一个无人机离开所述通信设备的小区时，开启定时器；若所述定时器超时前，没有无人机接入所述第二接入网设备通信设备的小区，则所述第二接入网设备通信设备关闭空中覆盖增强功能。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。本申请实施例提供的通信设备60用于执行图3～图4所示无人机通信方法中第二接入网设备的功能，因此可以达到与上述无人机通信方法相同的效果。
作为又一种可实现方式，图6所示通信设备60可以包括：处理模块和通信模块。处理模块可以集成准备单元602以及定时单元604的功能，通信模块可以集成接收单元601、发送单元603的功能。处理模块用于对通信设备60的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理模块用于支持该通信设备60执行步骤304以及执行本文所描述的技术的其它过程。通信模块用于支持通信设备60执行步骤304以及与其他网络实体的通信。进一步的，图6所示通信设备60还可以包括存储模块，用于存储通信设备60的程序代码和数据。
其中，处理模块可以是处理器或控制器。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。通信模块可以是收发电路或通信接口等。存储模块可以是存储器。当处理模块为处理器，通信模块为通信接口，存储模块为存储器时，图6所示通信设备60可以为图2所示通信设备。
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备70的组成示意图，该通信设备70可以为第一接入与移动性管理网元或者第一接入与移动性管理网元中的芯片或者片上系统。如图7所示，该通信设备70可以包括：获取单元701，发送单元702；
获取单元701，用于获取无人机下一跳的接入信息；其中，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务。例如，获取单元701用于支持通信设备70执行步骤301、步骤403等。
发送单元702，用于向第一接入网设备发送指示信息；其中，所述第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，所述指示信息用于指示所述无人机下一跳的接入信息。例如，发送单元702用于支持通信设备70执行步骤302、步骤404等。
进一步的，如图7所示，通信设备70还可以包括：
接收单元703，用于接收来自所述第一接入网设备的第一请求；其中，所述第一请求用于请求所述第二接入网设备为所述无人机请求准备接入资源；
所述发送单元702，还用于向第二接入与移动性管理网元发送所述第一请求；其中，所述第二接入与移动性管理网元用于为所述第二接入网设备提供服务。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。本申请实施例提供的通信设备70用于执行图3～图4所示无人机通信方法中第一接入与移动性管理网元的功能，因此可以达到与上述无人机通信方法相同的效果。
作为又一种可实现方式，图7所示通信设备70可以包括：处理模块和通信模块。处理模块可以集成获取单元701的功能，通信模块可以集成发送单元702、接收单元703的功能。处理模块用于对通信设备70的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理模块用于支持该通信设备70执行步骤301、步骤403以及执行本文所描述的技术的其它过程。通信模块用于支持通信设备70执行步骤302、步骤404以及与其他网络实体的通信。进一步的，图7所示通信设备70还可以包括存储模块，用于存储通信设备70的程序代码和数据。
其中，处理模块可以是处理器或控制器。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。通信模块可以是收发电路或通 信接口等。存储模块可以是存储器。当处理模块为处理器，通信模块为通信接口，存储模块为存储器时，图7所示通信设备70可以为图2所示通信设备。
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备80的组成示意图，该通信设备80可以为无人机或者无人机中的芯片或者片上系统。如图8所示，该通信设备80可以包括：接收单元801、选择单元802、发送单元803。
接收单元801，用于接收来自第一接入网设备的接入信息；其中，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备、所述第三接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务。例如，接收单元801可以用于支持通信设备80执行步骤410。
选择单元802，用于根据所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息和所述第三接入网设备的小区的信息，从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区。例如，选择单元802可以用于支持通信设备80执行步骤411。
发送单元803，向所述第一小区对应的接入网设备发送第一接入请求；其中，所述第一接入请求用于请求接入所述第一小区。例如，发送单元803可以用于支持通信设备80执行步骤411等。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。本申请实施例提供的通信设备80用于执行图3～图4所示无人机通信方法中无人机的功能，因此可以达到与上述无人机通信方法相同的效果。
作为又一种可实现方式，图8所示通信设备80可以包括：处理模块和通信模块。处理模块可以集成选择单元802的功能，通信模块可以集成接收单元801、发送单元803的功能。处理模块用于对通信设备80的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理模块用于支持该通信设备80执行步骤411以及执行本文所描述的技术的其它过程。通信模块用于支持通信设备80执行步骤410以及与其他网络实体的通信。进一步的，图8所示通信设备80还可以包括存储模块，用于存储通信设备80的程序代码和数据。
其中，处理模块可以是处理器或控制器。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。通信模块可以是收发电路或通信接口等。存储模块可以是存储器。当处理模块为处理器，通信模块为通信接口，存储模块为存储器时，图8所示通信设备80可以为图2所示通信设备。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个装置，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (52)

  1. 一种无人机通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一接入网设备接收来自第一接入与移动性管理网元的指示信息；其中，所述第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，所述指示信息用于指示所述无人机下一跳的接入信息，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
    所述第一接入网设备根据所述指示信息，发送第一请求；其中，所述第一请求用于请求所述第二接入网设备为所述无人机准备接入资源。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入网设备接收所述第一请求的响应；其中，所述第一请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述第二接入网设备的小区，所述第一请求的响应包括所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息；
    所述第一接入网设备向所述无人机发送所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备还包括第三接入网设备，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入网设备向所述第三接入网设备发送第二请求；其中，所述第二请求用于请求所述第三接入网设备为所述无人机准备接入资源；
    所述第一接入网设备接收来自所述第三接入网设备的所述第二请求的响应；其中，所述第二请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述第三接入网设备的小区，所述第二请求的响应包括所述第三接入网设备的小区的信息；
    所述第一接入网设备向所述无人机发送所述第三接入网设备的小区的信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述无人机接入到所述第二接入网设备的小区，则所述第一接入网设备向所述第三接入网设备发送第一取消指示；其中，所述第一取消指示用于指示所述无人机取消接入到第三接入网设备的小区；或者，
    若所述无人机接入到所述第三接入网设备的小区，则所述第一接入网设备向所述第二接入网设备发送第二取消指示；其中，所述取消指示用于指示所述无人机取消接入到所述第二接入网设备的小区。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备发送第一请求，包括：
    所述第一接入网设备通过所述第一接入网设备与所述第二接入网设备之间的通信链路，向所述第二接入网设备发送所述第一请求；或者，
    当所述第一接入网设备与所述第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，所述第一接入网设备向所述第一接入与移动性管理网元发送所述第一请求。
  6. 一种无人机通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第二接入网设备接收第一请求；其中，所述第二接入网设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务，所述第一请求用于请求所述第二接入网设备为所述无人机准备接入资源；
    所述第二接入网设备根据所述第一请求，为所述无人机准备接入资源。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二接入网设备发送所述第一请求的响应；其中，所述第一请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述第二接入网设备的小区，所述第一请求的响应包括所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
  8. 根据权利要求6或者7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二接入网设备为所述无人机准备接入资源，包括：
    所述第二接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一请求还包括所述无人机行驶到所述第二接入网设备的覆盖区域的预估时间，所述第二接入网设备开启空中覆盖增强功能，包括：
    所述第二接入网设备在所述预估时间到达时，开启空中覆盖增强功能。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在接入所述第二接入网设备的小区的最后一个无人机离开所述第二接入网设备的小区时，开启定时器；
    若所述定时器超时前，没有无人机接入所述第二接入网设备的小区，则所述第二接入网设备关闭空中覆盖增强功能。
  11. 根据权利要求6-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二接入网设备接收第一请求，包括：
    所述第二接入网设备通过第一接入网设备与所述第二接入网设备之间的通信链路，接收所述第一接入网设备发送的第一请求；或者，
    当所述第一接入网设备与所述第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，所述第二接入网设备接收来自第二接入与移动性管理网元的第一请求；其中，所述第二接入与移动性管理网元用于为所述第二接入网设备提供服务的网元。
  12. 一种无人机通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一接入与移动性管理网元获取无人机下一跳的接入信息；其中，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
    所述第一接入与移动性管理网元向第一接入网设备发送指示信息；其中，所述第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，所述指示信息用于指示所述无人机下一跳的接入信息。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入与移动性管理网元获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，包括：
    所述第一接入与移动性管理网元从无人机服务器获取所述无人机的行驶路线；
    所述第一接入与移动性管理网元根据所述无人机的行驶路线以及所述第一接入网设备的信息，确定所述无人机下一跳的接入信息。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入与移动性管理网元获取无人机下一跳的接入信息，包括：
    所述第一接入与移动性管理网元从网络数据分析功能NWDAF获取所述无人机下一跳的接入信息。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述指示信息与注册响应或者路径切换响应携带在同一消息中。
  16. 根据权利要求12-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一接入网设备与所述第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入与移动性管理网元接收来自所述第一接入网设备的第一请求；其中，所述第一请求用于请求所述第二接入网设备为所述无人机请求准备接入资源；
    所述第一接入与移动性管理网元向第二接入与移动性管理网元发送所述第一请求；其中，所述第二接入与移动性管理网元用于为所述第二接入网设备提供服务。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入与移动性管理网元接收来自所述第二接入与移动性管理网元的第一请求的响应；其中，所述第一请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述第二接入网设备的小区，所述第一请求的响应包括所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
  18. 一种无人机通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    无人机接收来自第一接入网设备的接入信息；其中，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备、所述第三接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
    所述无人机根据所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息和所述第三接入网设备的小区的信息，从所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区；
    所述无人机向所述第一小区对应的接入网设备发送第一接入请求；其中，所述第一接入请求用于请求接入所述第一小区。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无人机从所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区，包括：
    所述无人机获取所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区的信号质量值，将所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区中，信号质量值最大的小区确定为所述第一小区。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述无人机未成功接入所述第一小区，则选择信号质量值次大的第二小区，向所述第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，所述第二接入请求用于请求接入所述第二小区。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入信息还包括所述第二接入网设备的小区的优先级和所述第三接入网设备的小区的优先级，所述无人机从所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区，包括：
    所述无人机将所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区中，优先级最高的小区确定为所述第一小区。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述无人机未成功接入所述第一小区，则选择优先级次高的第二小区，向所述第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，所述第二接入请求用于请求接入所述第二小区。
  23. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备包括：
    接收单元，用于接收来自第一接入与移动性管理网元的指示信息；其中，所述通信设 备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，所述指示信息用于指示所述无人机下一跳的接入信息，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
    发送单元，用于根据所述指示信息，发送第一请求；其中，所述第一请求用于请求所述第二接入网设备为所述无人机准备接入资源。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的通信设备，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述第一请求的响应；其中，所述第一请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述第二接入网设备的小区，所述第一请求的响应包括所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述无人机发送所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
  25. 根据权利要求23或24所述的通信设备，其特征在于，为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务的设备还包括第三接入网设备，所述发送单元，还用于：
    向所述第三接入网设备发送第二请求；其中，所述第二请求用于请求所述第三接入网设备为所述无人机准备接入资源；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收来自所述第三接入网设备的所述第二请求的响应；其中，所述第二请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述第三接入网设备的小区，所述第二请求的响应包括所述第三接入网设备的小区的信息；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述无人机发送所述第三接入网设备的小区的信息。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的通信设备，其特征在于，
    所述发送单元，还用于若所述无人机接入到所述第二接入网设备的小区，则向所述第三接入网设备发送第一取消指示；其中，所述第一取消指示用于指示所述无人机取消接入到第三接入网设备的小区；或者，
    若所述无人机接入到所述第三接入网设备的小区，则向所述第二接入网设备发送第二取消指示；其中，所述取消指示用于指示所述无人机取消接入到所述第二接入网设备的小区。
  27. 根据权利要求23-26任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述发送单元，具体用于：
    通过所述通信设备与所述第二接入网设备之间的通信链路，向所述第二接入网设备发送所述第一请求；或者，
    当所述通信设备与所述第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，向所述第一接入与移动性管理网元发送所述第一请求。
  28. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备包括：
    接收单元，用于接收第一请求；其中，所述通信设备用于为无人机下一跳提供接入服务，所述第一请求用于请求所述通信设备为所述无人机准备接入资源；
    准备单元，用于根据所述第一请求，为所述无人机准备接入资源。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备还包括：
    发送单元，用于发送所述第一请求的响应；其中，所述第一请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述通信设备的小区，所述第一请求的响应包括所述通信设备的小区的信息。
  30. 根据权利要求28或者29所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述准备单元，具体用于：开启空中覆盖增强功能。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述第一请求还包括所述无人机行驶到所述通信设备的覆盖区域的预估时间，所述准备单元，具体用于：
    在所述预估时间到达时，开启空中覆盖增强功能。
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备还包括：
    定时单元，用于在接入所述通信设备的小区的最后一个无人机离开所述通信设备的小区时，开启定时器；
    若所述定时器超时前，没有无人机接入所述通信设备的小区，则所述通信设备关闭空中覆盖增强功能。
  33. 根据权利要求28-32任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述接收单元，具体用于：
    通过第一接入网设备与所述通信设备之间的通信链路，接收所述第一接入网设备发送的第一请求；或者，
    当所述第一接入网设备与所述通信设备之间未建立通信链路时，接收来自第二接入与移动性管理网元的第一请求；其中，所述第二接入与移动性管理网元用于为所述通信设备提供服务。
  34. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备包括：
    获取单元，用于获取无人机下一跳的接入信息；其中，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的信息和/或所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
    发送单元，用于向第一接入网设备发送指示信息；其中，所述第一接入网设备是当前为无人机提供接入服务的设备，所述指示信息用于指示所述无人机下一跳的接入信息。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述获取单元，具体用于：
    从无人机服务器获取所述无人机的行驶路线；
    根据所述无人机的行驶路线以及所述第一接入网设备的信息，确定所述无人机下一跳的接入信息。
  36. 根据权利要求34所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述获取单元，具体用于：
    从网络数据分析功能NWDAF获取所述无人机下一跳的接入信息。
  37. 根据权利要求34-36任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，
    所述指示信息与注册响应或者路径切换响应携带在同一消息中。
  38. 根据权利要求34-37任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，当所述第一接入网设备与所述第二接入网设备之间未建立通信链路时，所述通信设备还包括：
    接收单元，用于接收来自所述第一接入网设备的第一请求；其中，所述第一请求用于请求所述第二接入网设备为所述无人机请求准备接入资源；
    所述发送单元，还用于向第二接入与移动性管理网元发送所述第一请求；其中，所述第二接入与移动性管理网元用于为所述第二接入网设备提供服务。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的通信设备，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元，还用于接收来自所述第二接入与移动性管理网元的第一请求的响应； 其中，所述第一请求的响应用于指示允许所述无人机接入所述第二接入网设备的小区，所述第一请求的响应包括所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息。
  40. 一种无人机，其特征在于，所述无人机包括：
    接收单元，用于接收来自第一接入网设备的接入信息；其中，所述接入信息包括第二接入网设备的小区的信息和第三接入网设备的小区的信息，所述第二接入网设备、所述第三接入网设备用于为所述无人机下一跳提供接入服务；
    选择单元，用于根据所述第二接入网设备的小区的信息和所述第三接入网设备的小区的信息，从第二接入网设备的小区和第三接入网设备的小区中选择出第一小区；
    发送单元，向所述第一小区对应的接入网设备发送第一接入请求；其中，所述第一接入请求用于请求接入所述第一小区。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述选择单元，具体用于：
    获取所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区的信号质量值，将所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区中，信号质量值最大的小区确定为所述第一小区。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的无人机，其特征在于，
    所述选择单元，还用于若所述无人机未成功接入所述第一小区，则选择信号质量值次大的第二小区；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，所述第二接入请求用于请求接入所述第二小区。
  43. 根据权利要求40所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述接入信息还包括所述第二接入网设备的小区的优先级和所述第三接入网设备的小区的优先级，所述选择单元，具体用于：
    将所述第二接入网设备的小区和所述第三接入网设备的小区中，优先级最高的小区确定为所述第一小区。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的无人机，其特征在于，
    所述选择单元，还用于若所述无人机未成功接入所述第一小区，则选择优先级次高的第二小区；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述第二小区对应的接入网设备发送第二接入请求；其中，所述第二接入请求用于请求接入所述第二小区。
  45. 一种通信设备，包括：至少一个处理器，以及存储器；其特征在于，
    所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，使得所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
  46. 一种计算机存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
  47. 一种通信设备，包括：至少一个处理器，以及存储器；其特征在于，
    所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，使得所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时实现如权利要求6-11中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
  48. 一种计算机存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求6-11中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
  49. 一种通信设备，包括：至少一个处理器，以及存储器；其特征在于，
    所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，使得所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时实现如权利要求12-17中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
  50. 一种计算机存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求12-17中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
  51. 一种通信设备，包括：至少一个处理器，以及存储器；其特征在于，
    所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，使得所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时实现如权利要求18-22中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
  52. 一种计算机存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求18-22中任一项所述的无人机通信方法。
PCT/CN2019/127670 2018-12-27 2019-12-23 一种无人机通信方法、设备及系统 WO2020135369A1 (zh)

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