WO2023051259A1 - 切换方法、通信装置、以及计算机存储介质 - Google Patents

切换方法、通信装置、以及计算机存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051259A1
WO2023051259A1 PCT/CN2022/118902 CN2022118902W WO2023051259A1 WO 2023051259 A1 WO2023051259 A1 WO 2023051259A1 CN 2022118902 W CN2022118902 W CN 2022118902W WO 2023051259 A1 WO2023051259 A1 WO 2023051259A1
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Prior art keywords
network device
access network
information
terminal
coverage
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PCT/CN2022/118902
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方宇哲
彭文杰
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to CA3232889A priority Critical patent/CA3232889A1/en
Publication of WO2023051259A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051259A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H04W36/083—Reselecting an access point wherein at least one of the access points is a moving node

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a handover method, a communication device, and a computer storage medium.
  • the terminal can perform cell switching during the moving process.
  • the source base station can decide to switch the terminal from the serving cell to the cell managed by the target base station according to the measurement results of the neighboring cells reported by the terminal.
  • the traditional handover method may cause handover effects Poor, affecting communication quality.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a handover method, a communication device, and a computer storage medium, which are used to improve communication quality in a handover scenario.
  • the present application provides a handover method, including: a first access network device acquires first information, and the first information includes at least one access network device adjacent to the first access network device coverage information; the first access network device receives route information from the terminal; the first access network device determines in the at least one access network device according to the first information and the route information second access network device; the first access network device sends a handover request to the second access network device, where the handover request is used to request handover of the terminal from the first access network device to The second access network device.
  • the method further includes: the first access network device receiving a handover request response from the second network device.
  • the handover request response includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate the possibility that the second access network device provides the communication service for the terminal.
  • the method further includes: the first access network device sending a conditional handover configuration to the terminal, where the conditional handover configuration includes information about at least one candidate cell, and The terminal determines a condition satisfied by switching to any candidate cell in the at least one candidate cell, and part or all of the candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell are managed by the second access network device.
  • the acquiring the first information by the first access network device includes: the first access network device obtains the first information from an operation, administration, and maintenance (OAM) The first information is received.
  • OAM operation, administration, and maintenance
  • the acquiring the first information by the first access network device includes: the first access network device receiving coverage information of the first access network device from OAM, And, the first access network device respectively receives coverage information of the at least one access network device from the at least one access network device. Wherein, the at least one access network device receives respective coverage information from the OAM.
  • the first access network device obtains the coverage information of the at least one access network device from an interface establishment request message.
  • the method further includes: the first access network device receiving updated coverage information of the first access network device from the OAM; the first The access network device sends the updated coverage information of the first access network device to the at least one access network device respectively.
  • the first access network device determines in the at least one access network device that the second access network device includes : According to the route information, determine the moving direction of the terminal; according to the coverage information of the at least one access network device, determine one or more candidate access network devices located in the moving direction of the terminal; Determine the second access network device among the candidate access network devices.
  • the first access network device determines in the at least one access network device that the second access network device includes Determining the moving path of the terminal according to the route information; determining the coverage of the at least one access network device according to the coverage information of the at least one access network device; combining the coverage with the moving path of the terminal The coincident access network device is determined as the second access network device.
  • the present application provides a handover method, including: a second access network device receives a handover request from a first access network device, and the handover request is used to request to switch a terminal from the first access network Switching the device to the second access network device, wherein the second access network device is adjacent to the first access network device, and the second access network device is controlled by the first access network device
  • the device is determined according to the first information and route information of the terminal, where the first information includes coverage information of at least one access network device adjacent to the first access network device.
  • the method further includes: the second access network device sending a handover request response to the first network device.
  • the handover request response includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate the possibility that the second access network device provides the communication service for the terminal.
  • the first information further includes coverage information of the first access network device.
  • the coverage information of the first access network device includes location information of the first access network device, and/or coverage information of a cell managed by the first access network device.
  • the coverage information of any one of the at least one access network device includes location information of the access network device, and/or , coverage information of cells managed by the access network device.
  • the terminal is an unmanned aerial vehicle terminal
  • the route information includes a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle terminal.
  • the first access network device determines the second access network device that can provide communication services for the terminal according to the coverage information of the adjacent access network device and the route information of the terminal And send a handover request message to the second access network device, because the adaptability of the mobile path of the terminal and the coverage of adjacent access devices is considered in the process of determining the target access network device or candidate target access network device , enabling the terminal to switch to an access network device that matches its moving path, improving the switching effect and enhancing the communication quality.
  • the present application provides a handover method, including: a first access network device acquires coverage information of the first access network device; and the first access network device receives information from a second access network device A handover request, where the handover request includes route information of the terminal, and the handover request is used for the request to handover the terminal from the second access network device to the first access network device; the first access network device The network access device determines whether it can provide communication services for the terminal according to the coverage information and the route information; when the first access network device determines that it can provide communication services for the terminal, the first access The network device sends a handover request response to the second network device.
  • the method further includes: when the terminal determines to switch to the first candidate cell managed by the first access network device according to the conditional handover configuration, the first The access network device performs time synchronization with the terminal; wherein, the conditional handover configuration includes information of at least one candidate cell, and a condition that the terminal satisfies for determining to switch to any one of the at least one candidate cell , part or all of the at least one candidate cell is managed by the first access network device.
  • the method further includes: when the first access network device determines that it cannot provide communication services for the terminal, sending the first access network device to the The second network device sends indication information for indicating that the communication service cannot be provided to the terminal.
  • the acquiring the coverage information by the first access network device includes: receiving the coverage information from an OAM by the first access network device.
  • the acquiring the coverage information by the first access network device includes: the first access network device receiving the coverage information from the second access network device.
  • the method further includes: the first access network device receiving updated coverage information from the OAM or the second access network device.
  • determining whether the first access network device can provide communication services for the terminal according to the coverage information and the route information includes: according to the route information, Determine the moving direction of the terminal, and determine whether the first access network device is located in the moving direction of the terminal according to the coverage information.
  • determining whether the first access network device can provide communication services for the terminal according to the coverage information and the route information includes: determining according to the coverage information The coverage of the first access network device, and according to the route information, determine whether the moving path of the terminal coincides with the coverage, and determine whether the terminal will pass through the coverage of the first access network device scope.
  • the present application provides a handover method, including: the second access network device sends a handover request to the first access network device, the handover request includes route information of the terminal, and the handover request is used for the request switching the terminal from the second access network device to the first access network device; when the first access network device determines that it can provide communication services for the terminal according to the coverage information and the route information , the second access network device receives a handover request response from the first network device.
  • the method further includes: when the first access network device determines that it cannot provide communication services for the terminal, receiving a user ID from the first access network device The indication information is used to indicate that the first access network device cannot provide the communication service to the terminal.
  • the method further includes: the second access network device sending the coverage information to the first access network device.
  • the coverage information of the first access network device includes location information of the first access network device, and/or, the first access network device The direction information and coverage information of the cell managed by the network access device.
  • the terminal is an unmanned aerial vehicle terminal
  • the route information includes a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle terminal.
  • the first access network device receives a handover request containing the route information of the terminal from the second access network device, and then, the first access network device And the coverage information of the first access network device, determine whether it can provide communication services for the terminal, and when it is determined that the terminal can provide communication services, send a handover request response to the second access network device, so that the terminal can switch to the coverage area and the
  • the mobile path of the terminal matches the access network equipment, which improves the switching effect and enhances the communication quality.
  • the present application further provides a communication device, including a unit or module or means for performing the steps of the above first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • the communication device may be a network device or a device for a network device.
  • the network device may be a base station or a device with some functions of the base station.
  • the present application further provides a communication device, including a processor and an interface circuit, the processor is used to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit, and execute the methods provided in the first aspect to the fourth aspect above.
  • the processor includes one or more.
  • the present application further provides a communication device, including a processor, configured to invoke a program stored in a memory to execute the methods provided in the first aspect to the fourth aspect above.
  • the memory may be located within the device or external to the device.
  • the processor may be one or more processors.
  • the present application further provides a computer program product, when the program is invoked by a processor, the method provided in any one of the above aspects is executed.
  • the present application provides a communication system, including a first access network device and a second access network device, wherein the first access network device is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect, and the second access network device The network device is used to execute the method provided in the second aspect; or, the first access network device is used to execute the method provided in the third aspect, and the second access network device is used to execute the method provided in the fourth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a conditional switching provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a handover method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cell direction provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pitch angle of a base station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a handover method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a handover method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a handover method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication device 900 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a network device 1000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a terminal 1100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication network 100 includes a network device 1 and a network device 2, wherein direct communication can be performed between the network device 1 and the network device 2, for example, there is a direct communication interface; or it can also be indirectly through other network devices communication.
  • Each network device manages one or more cells, and the coverage of each cell can cover one or more terminals, and the terminals access the network device through the cells and obtain communication services.
  • network device 1 manages cell 1, and terminal 1 is located in cell 1; network device 2 manages cell 2, and terminal 2 is located in cell 2 for illustration.
  • the communication network in this application may be a wireless access network, such as a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) wireless communication system, or a fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) such as a new radio (new radio, NR) system
  • the mobile communication system may also be other next generation (next generation, NG) communication systems or new communication systems, etc., which are not limited in this application.
  • a terminal may be various types of equipment that provide voice and/or data connectivity to users, and may also be referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc.
  • Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things ( internet of things, IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, etc.
  • Terminals can be mobile phones, tablet computers, computers with wireless transceiver functions, wearable devices, aerospace equipment, etc.
  • the chip used in the above-mentioned device may also be called a terminal.
  • the aerospace equipment may be an unmanned aerial vehicle terminal or other flying equipment equipped with a wireless communication module.
  • the drone terminal can also be called drone user equipment (drone UE), or unmanned aircraft (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV).
  • the network device may be an access network device.
  • the network equipment may be a base station, an evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNodeB), a transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), or a next generation base station (next generation NodeB) in a fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system , gNB), the next-generation base station in the sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, the base station in the future mobile communication system, etc.; it can also be a module or unit that completes some functions of the base station, for example, it can be a centralized unit (central unit, CU) or distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • a centralized unit central unit, CU
  • distributed unit distributed unit
  • the CU here completes the functions of the radio resource control protocol and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) of the base station, and also completes the function of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP); the DU completes the functions of the base station
  • the functions of the radio link control layer and the medium access control (medium access control, MAC) layer can also complete the functions of part of the physical layer or all of the physical layer.
  • 3GPP third generation partnership project
  • the radio access network equipment may be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, or a relay node or a master node.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device.
  • base station 1 and base station 2 are adjacent stations to each other, and there is a direct communication interface between base station 1 and base station 2.
  • Base station 1 and base station 2 can exchange information through this communication interface, such as sending their own resource usage to each other .
  • Cell switching may occur during the movement of terminal 1 or terminal 2, for example, terminal 1 is switched from cell 1 to cell 2, or terminal 2 is switched from cell 2 to cell 1.
  • Base station 1 and base station 2 may be connected to the same core network, or may be connected to different core networks, and the core networks may communicate with each other.
  • terminal 1 and terminal 2 are UAVs in flight
  • base station 1 and base station 2 are ground base stations capable of communicating with UAVs, such as dedicated base stations or ordinary base stations for managing UAVs.
  • the dedicated base station for managing UAVs has complete communication capabilities for UAVs in the near-end range and low-rate data and signaling communication capabilities for UAVs in the far-end range.
  • the near-end range and the far-end range can pass through the corresponding space Whether the signal quality in the UAV can make the communication quality of the UAV reach a certain threshold can be divided. For example, the space with a geographical radius of 20 kilometers and the space with an airspace radius of 3 kilometers can be considered as the remote range.
  • the dedicated base station can also have the function of a common ground base station.
  • the ordinary base station that manages UAV has the function of ordinary ground base station, and the complete communication capability for UAV in the near-end range.
  • the ordinary base station can also be used as the data plane relay node of UAV located in high altitude. Since the relationship between the serving cell and neighboring cells of the UAV in the air is different from that of ordinary terminals on the ground, during the UAV’s movement, the timing of the UAV’s switching of the serving cell and the determined target cell may be different from those of ordinary terminals on the ground. Terminals are different. How to select a suitable target station and target cell for UAV is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the handover of the terminal is controlled by the network device it is currently accessing or the network device currently providing services (referred to as "source station”).
  • the handover process includes: the source station can instruct The terminal performs cell measurement, and determines whether to switch the serving cell of the terminal according to the measurement report reported by the terminal. If it is determined to switch, it sends a switching request message to the target network device to be switched (referred to as "target station”). If the target station allows the terminal to access input, send a switching confirmation message to the source station.
  • the cell handover trigger threshold one of the judgment bases for the source station to determine whether to switch the cell where the terminal resides is the cell handover trigger threshold. If the signal quality of the neighboring cell reported by the terminal reaches or exceeds the cell handover trigger threshold, the source station determines that the terminal can be handed over to the neighboring cell. district.
  • Conditional handover means that the terminal performs handover when some CHO conditions are met. Specifically, the terminal can decide to select a candidate target cell that meets the CHO conditions from the candidate target cells provided by the network side, and perform handover.
  • Figure 2 shows a flow chart of conditional switching, including:
  • S201 The source station sends the measurement configuration to the terminal.
  • S202 The terminal measures the serving cell and neighboring cells according to the measurement configuration, and reports the cell measurement results to the source station.
  • S203 The source station decides to use conditional switching.
  • S204 The source station sends a handover request message to one or more candidate target stations.
  • the source station sends handover request messages to each neighboring station respectively, that is to say, all the neighboring stations of the source station can be used as candidate target stations.
  • S205 The candidate target station performs admission control.
  • the candidate target station can judge and control whether to allow the terminal to access the network according to the current load level.
  • each candidate target station manages one or more cells, and the candidate target station can determine a cell with better signal quality as a candidate cell and provide it to the terminal for CHO decision-making.
  • the candidate target station sends a handover request response including the configuration of the candidate cell to the source station.
  • the source station sends a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) reconfiguration (reconfiguration) message to the terminal.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the RRC reconfiguration message includes candidate cell configuration and handover conditions.
  • the configuration and handover condition of the candidate cell may be referred to as the CHO configuration of the candidate cell. It can be understood that the handover condition corresponds to the candidate cell, and the handover conditions of different candidate cells may be the same or different.
  • the handover condition may also be referred to as a CHO condition, or a CHO execution condition, or a handover trigger condition, etc., for example, may include target candidate cell indication information, a candidate special cell (special cell, Spcell) configuration list added or modified for CHO, or, Information such as the candidate Spcell configuration list to be deleted, wherein if the handover condition includes target candidate cell indication information, it means that the candidate cell provided by the candidate target station can be used as the target candidate cell, and the terminal can perform conditional reconfiguration on the target candidate cell.
  • target candidate cell indication information e.g., a candidate special cell (special cell, Spcell) configuration list added or modified for CHO
  • Information such as the candidate Spcell configuration list to be deleted
  • the configuration of the candidate cell may include an identifier of the candidate cell, a system information block 1 (system information block 1, SIB1) of the candidate cell, or information such as radio bearer configuration.
  • SIB1 system information block 1, SIB1
  • S208 The terminal sends an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the source station.
  • S209 The terminal evaluates whether the candidate cell satisfies the handover condition.
  • the terminal After receiving the CHO configuration of the candidate cell, the terminal starts to evaluate whether the candidate cell satisfies the handover condition. and other conditions to select a candidate cell, the terminal executes the process of handover to the candidate cell, and stops evaluating the handover condition after the handover is performed.
  • the process for the terminal to switch to the candidate cell includes: separating from the source station, executing the corresponding configuration stored in the selected candidate cell application, synchronizing to the candidate cell, and sending an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target station to complete the RRC handover process.
  • the terminal can release the stored CHO configuration after successfully completing the RRC handover procedure.
  • S210 The target station sends a handover success message to the source station, notifying the terminal that it has successfully accessed the target cell.
  • S211 The source station sends an SN status transfer message to the target station.
  • the source station sends a handover cancel message to other candidate target stations other than the target station.
  • the target station when deciding the target station for terminal handover, only the conditions related to the signal quality of the cell are considered.
  • the selected target station may not be suitable for terminal access.
  • the source station sends a handover request to each neighboring station, and after the terminal performs the handover to the target station, the resources of other candidate target stations preparing resources for the terminal are wasted, resulting in an satisfactory amount of system resources. Necessary expenses.
  • the present application provides a switching method.
  • the handover method provided by this application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3-8 .
  • the method provided by this application may be executed by a terminal or network device, or may be executed by a communication device such as a chip for the terminal or network device.
  • the method provided in this application can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the handover method provided by the present application will be described below by taking the terminal as a UE and the network device as a base station.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a handover method provided by the present application, the method comprising:
  • the first base station acquires first information, where the first information includes coverage information of at least one base station adjacent to the first base station.
  • the first base station is a base station currently accessed by the UE, and may also be called a serving base station of the UE.
  • the first base station may also be called a source station.
  • the base stations adjacent to the first base station are referred to as neighbor stations for short below, and the neighbor stations of the first base station may serve as candidate target stations for UE handover.
  • One or more cells managed by each candidate target station may serve as candidate target cells for UE handover.
  • the candidate target cell is a dedicated cell of the UE.
  • the candidate target cell is a UAV dedicated cell or a high-altitude cell.
  • the high-altitude cell refers to a cell whose signal transmission direction points to the sky.
  • the coverage information of each neighboring station includes location information of the neighboring station, and/or coverage information of a cell managed by the neighboring station.
  • the location information of the neighboring station may include geographic location information of the neighboring station, and the geographic location information may be the latitude and longitude of the geographic location of the neighboring station.
  • the coverage information of the cell includes direction information of the cell.
  • the angle between the cell and the designated reference direction can be defined as the cell direction, and ⁇ defined as shown in FIG. 4 is the angle between the direction of the main lobe of the cell antenna and the due east direction.
  • the coverage information of the cell may also include the length and width of the coverage of the cell.
  • the coverage information of the cell also includes indication information for indicating whether the cell is a high-altitude cell.
  • One possible way of the indication information is to use a 1-bit indication bit. For example, when the indication bit takes the value " 0" indicates that the cell is not a high-altitude cell, and when the value of the indicator bit is "1", it indicates that the cell is a high-altitude cell.
  • the coverage information of the cell also includes information such as the height of the base station to which the cell belongs, and/or the pitch angle ⁇ of the base station antenna, as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the coverage information of a cell contains multiple types of information, it can more accurately reflect the location and coverage of the cell.
  • the first information further includes coverage information of the first base station.
  • the coverage information of the first base station includes location information of the first base station, and/or coverage information of a cell managed by the first base station, which will not be described in detail. According to the coverage information of the first base station and the coverage information of the neighboring stations, the first base station can more accurately locate the junction of its own coverage and the coverage of the neighboring stations.
  • the first base station receives the first information from the OAM.
  • the OAM can obtain the location information of each base station within the management range of the OAM through a global positioning system (Global Positioning System, GPS) and other means.
  • the OAM may pre-configure coverage information of cells managed by each base station for each base station within the management range.
  • the location information of the base station and the coverage information of the cell can form the coverage information of the base station, so that the OAM can send the coverage information of the first base station and neighboring stations to the first base station. It can be understood that the OAM can send the coverage information of the base station and neighboring stations to any base station within its management range.
  • the first base station receives coverage information of the first base station from the OAM, and receives coverage information of neighboring stations from each neighboring station respectively.
  • the OAM sends the coverage information of the base station to any base station within its management range, that is, each base station obtains its own coverage information from the OAM, and then the base stations can interact Coverage information.
  • the first base station acquires the coverage information of the neighboring stations from each neighboring station respectively, and in addition, the first base station may also send the coverage information of the first base station to each neighboring station.
  • the coverage information of each base station may be transmitted through an interface message between base stations, or may be forwarded through a core network, which is not limited in this application.
  • the OAM can notify the base station of the change in the coverage information of the base station, including notifying the changed coverage information, or which coverage information
  • the base station can then notify each neighboring station of the updated coverage information, and the neighboring station receiving the updated coverage information can send a confirmation message to the base station.
  • the first base station may receive updated coverage information of the first base station from the OAM, and send the updated coverage information of the first base station to each neighboring station.
  • the first base station may respectively receive the updated coverage information of each neighboring station from each neighboring station.
  • the first base station may send a configuration update message to the neighbor station, where the configuration update message includes the updated coverage information of the neighbor station.
  • the OAM may notify each base station of the multiple neighboring base stations respectively that these neighboring base stations Changes to coverage information for .
  • the first base station may establish and maintain a neighbor relationship list according to the acquired first information, and record and update the coverage information of the first base station and each neighboring station in the list.
  • the first base station receives route information from the UE.
  • the route information of the UE may indicate the moving path of the UE.
  • the route information may include a waypoint (waypoint) passed by the UE during movement, and the waypoint may be represented by the latitude and longitude of the geographic location of the location.
  • the route information may also include time stamp information, and the time stamp information is used to indicate the time of passing through each way point.
  • the route request also includes the maximum number of waypoints and an indication of whether to report timestamp information.
  • the route information may include a flight path of the UAV.
  • the first base station can not only learn the route that the UE has passed, but also pre-judge the area that the UE will go through, that is, pre-judge the future moving path of the UE.
  • the first base station may send a route request to the UE, and the UE sends a route request response to the first base station according to the route request, and the route request response includes route information of the UE.
  • the first base station determines a second base station in the at least one neighboring station according to the first information and the route information.
  • the first base station determines a second base station that can provide communication services for the UE in the at least one neighboring station. If the aforementioned method 1 is used for handover, the first base station determines the second base station as a target station for terminal handover. If the handover is performed in the second manner above, the first base station determines the second base station as a candidate target station or one of the candidate target stations for terminal handover.
  • the first base station determines the moving path of the UE according to the route information; determines the coverage of the at least one neighboring station according to the coverage information of the at least one neighboring station; thus , the first base station determines, as the second base station, a neighboring station whose coverage overlaps with the moving path of the UE. That is to say, the first base station determines according to the moving path of the UE that the UE will pass through the coverage of the second base station, thereby determining that the second base station can provide communication services for the UE.
  • the first base station can obtain the flight path of the UAV according to the route information reported by the UAV, and calculate which coverage areas of the cells managed by neighboring stations coincide with the flight path of the UAV, and select The base station to which the cell with the same flight path belongs serves as the second base station.
  • the first base station determines the moving direction of the UE according to the route information; candidate neighbor stations; determine the second base station among the candidate neighbor stations.
  • the first base station first excludes neighboring stations that are not in the moving direction of the UE, and only uses neighboring stations located in the moving direction of the UE as candidate base stations, and then determines the coverage of the candidate base station according to the coverage information of the candidate base station.
  • Candidate neighboring stations whose moving paths overlap are used as the second base station.
  • the first base station does not need to analyze coverage information of all neighboring stations, which saves system resources and improves processing efficiency.
  • the first base station can calculate the flight direction of the UAV according to the route information reported by the UAV. It is determined which neighboring stations in the southeast direction may provide communication services for the UAV, that is, these neighboring stations in the southeast direction are used as candidate neighboring stations, and the second base station is determined among these candidate neighboring stations.
  • the first base station determines the moving direction of the UE according to the route information; Then, the first base station sends handover requests to the candidate neighboring stations respectively, and if a candidate neighboring station determines that it can provide communication services for the UE, the candidate neighboring station sends a request response to the first base station. For example, if the first candidate neighbor station receives the handover request from the first base station, and according to the coverage information, it is determined that the moving path of the UE coincides with the coverage of the first candidate neighbor station, then the first candidate neighbor station determines that it can provide communication services for the UE, Further, a handover request response is sent to the first base station.
  • the first base station when determining the second base station, not only considers whether the location of the neighboring station and the cell coverage conform to the moving path of the UE, but also considers whether the signal quality of the neighboring station reaches a preset threshold, and determines whether the signal quality reaches or exceeds the preset threshold.
  • a base station that is a neighboring station with a threshold and conforms to the moving path of the UE is used as the second base station.
  • the first base station may receive a cell measurement report from the UE, where the cell measurement report includes signal measurement results of the serving cell and each neighboring cell by the UE.
  • S304 The first base station sends a handover request to the second base station, where the handover request is used to request handover of the terminal from the first access network device to the second base station.
  • the method further includes S305: the first base station receives a handover request response from the second base station.
  • the handover request response may include configuration related to the second base station, such as RRC reconfiguration information of the second base station, for the UE to access the second base station.
  • the configuration related to the second base station may include information about candidate cells managed by the second base station and CHO conditions corresponding to the candidate cells.
  • the handover request response includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate the possibility that the second base station provides the communication service for the UE.
  • the probability of providing communication services is 100%.
  • the value of the indication information is 1 means that the probability that the second base station can provide communication services for the UE is 25%
  • the indication information A value of 2 indicates that the probability that the second base station can provide communication services for the UE is 50%
  • a value of 3 indicates that the probability that the second base station can provide communication services for the UE is 75%
  • the value of the indication information is 4 indicates that the probability that the second base station can provide the communication service for the UE is 100%.
  • the first base station may initiate a handover request to the second base station again, or initiate a handover request to other candidate target stations.
  • the method further includes: the first base station sends a CHO configuration to the UE, the CHO configuration includes information of at least one candidate cell, and the UE determines Handover to any candidate cell in the at least one candidate cell satisfies a condition, where part or all of the candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell are managed by the second base station.
  • condition met by the UE to determine the handover to any candidate cell is the CHO condition corresponding to the candidate cell.
  • the first base station may determine multiple candidate target stations, that is, in addition to the second base station, the first base station may also determine one or more candidate target stations, and send handover requests to these candidate target stations respectively. Therefore, the first base station may respectively receive handover request responses from multiple candidate target stations, and the handover request responses sent by each candidate target station may include the information of the candidate cell managed by the candidate target station and the CHO corresponding to the candidate cell. condition. Therefore, the CHO configuration sent by the first base station to the UE may include information about multiple candidate cells belonging to the second base station and other candidate target stations, and a CHO condition corresponding to each candidate cell. After receiving the conditional handover configuration above, the UE can select a candidate cell satisfying the CHO condition to perform handover among multiple candidate cells. For the specific description of CHO, refer to the above-mentioned related content, such as the description in FIG. 2 .
  • the first base station determines the second base station that can provide communication services for the UE according to the coverage information of the neighboring stations and the route information of the UE, and sends a handover request message to the second base station.
  • the adaptability between the UE's moving path and the coverage of neighboring stations is considered, so that the UE can handover to the base station that matches its moving path, improve the handover effect, and enhance the communication quality.
  • the first access network device is gNB1, and gNB2 and gNB3 are neighboring stations of gNB1. It is assumed that the UE adopts CHO mode for handover, gNB1 is the source station, and gNB2 and gNB3 are candidate target stations.
  • the OAM configures coverage information of gNB1 for gNB1, configures coverage information of gNB2 for gNB2, and configures coverage information of gNB3 for gNB3.
  • gNB1 sends coverage information of gNB1 to gNB2 and gNB3 respectively.
  • the coverage information of the gNB1 is included in the Xn interface establishment request (Xn setup request) messages sent by the gNB1 to the gNB2 and the gNB3 respectively.
  • gNB1 receives coverage information of gNB2 from gNB2 and receives coverage information of gNB3 from gNB3.
  • the coverage information of gNB2 and the coverage information of gNB3 are included in the Xn interface setup response (Xn setup response) messages sent by gNB2 and gNB3 to gNB1 respectively.
  • gNB1 may also receive coverage information from one or more neighboring stations other than gNB2 and gNB3. gNB1 can establish and maintain a neighbor relationship list according to the received coverage information of each neighboring station.
  • S601-S603 are optional steps.
  • S601-S603 can be replaced by step S601', and S601' includes: OAM sends gNB1 coverage information, gNB2 coverage information and gNB3 coverage information to gNB1 .
  • S604 gNB1 sends a route request message to the UE.
  • S605 The UE sends a route request response message to gNB1, where the route request response message includes the route information of the UE.
  • gNB1 obtains the coverage information of itself and its neighbors first, and then obtains the route information of UE, or, gNB1 The route information of the UE is obtained first, and then the coverage information of itself and neighboring stations is obtained, which is not limited in this application.
  • the gNB1 determines whether the gNB2 can provide communication services for the UE according to the route information of the UE and the coverage information of the gNB2.
  • the gNB1 determines whether the gNB3 can provide communication services for the UE according to the route information of the UE and the coverage information of the gNB3.
  • gNB1 determines that the coverage of gNB2 will overlap with the moving route of UE, and determines that UE will not pass through the coverage of gNB3, gNB1 determines that gNB2 will be able to provide communication services for UE, and gNB3 cannot provide communication services for UE.
  • S608 gNB1 sends a handover request message to gNB2.
  • S609 gNB2 sends a handover request response message to gNB1.
  • the handover request response message includes the information of the candidate cell of gNB2 and the CHO condition corresponding to the candidate cell.
  • S610: gNB1 sends the CHO configuration to the UE.
  • the CHO configuration includes information of one or more candidate cells and a CHO condition corresponding to each candidate cell, and the one or more candidate cells include a candidate cell of gNB2.
  • S611 The UE determines whether to switch to gNB2 according to the CHO configuration.
  • the UE determines that it can be handed over to gNB2 according to the CHO configuration, it will perform a handover process to gNB2, which will not be described in detail.
  • gNB1 does not need to send a handover request message to both gNB2 and gNB3, but only needs to pre-judge that gNB2 will be able to provide communication services for UE, and gNB3 cannot provide communication services for UE, and then send a handover request message to gNB2, and gNB3 does not need to To prepare transmission resources for UE, the CHO configuration sent by gNB1 to UE is optimized, which saves overall system resources and improves handover efficiency.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another handover method provided by the present application.
  • the neighboring stations of the source station determine whether to serve as the target station or candidate target station of UE handover.
  • the method includes:
  • the second base station acquires coverage information of the second base station.
  • the coverage information of the second base station includes the location information of the second base station, and/or the coverage information of the cell managed by the second base station, and the detailed description of the coverage information of the second base station can refer to the foregoing embodiments Related content in .
  • the second base station receives the coverage information from the OAM.
  • the second base station receives the coverage information from other base stations, such as the first base station.
  • the OAM may send coverage information of the base station and neighboring stations to a base station, and then the base station may send coverage information of the neighboring stations to neighboring stations.
  • the first base station and the second base station are adjacent stations to each other, the first base station is the source station in the UE handover process, and the second base station is the candidate target station in the UE handover process.
  • the introduction of the meaning of the first base station and the second base station can be Refer to the relevant content in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the second base station receives a handover request from the first base station, where the handover request includes route information of the UE, and the handover request is used to request handover of the terminal from the first base station to the second base station.
  • the first base station may receive route information from the UE.
  • the first base station sends a route information request message to the UE, and then, the UE carries the route information in the route request response message.
  • the UE is a UAV
  • the route information includes a flight path of the UAV.
  • the route information includes a flight path of the UAV.
  • the first base station may determine, according to the cell measurement result reported by the UE, that the signal quality of the second base station reaches or exceeds a preset threshold, so as to send a handover request to the second base station.
  • S701 may be executed first and then S702 may be executed, S702 may be executed first and then S701 may be executed, or S701 and S702 may be executed simultaneously.
  • the second base station determines whether the communication service can be provided for the UE according to the coverage information and the route information.
  • the second base station determines the coverage of the second base station according to the coverage information, and determines whether the moving path of the UE will overlap with the coverage of the second base station according to the route information.
  • the second base station determines the moving direction of the UE according to the route information, and determines whether it is located in the moving direction of the UE according to the coverage information.
  • the second base station determines that it is not in the moving direction of the UE, it means that the second base station cannot provide communication services for the UE, and the second base station does not need to judge whether its coverage overlaps with the moving path of the UE; direction, the second base station judges whether its coverage coincides with the moving path of the UE, and if the coverage of the second base station coincides with the moving path of the UE, the second base station can provide communication services for the UE.
  • the handover request response includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate the possibility of the second access network device providing the communication service for the terminal.
  • indication information is used to indicate the possibility of the second access network device providing the communication service for the terminal.
  • the method further includes S705: when the second base station determines that it cannot provide communication services for the UE, send a message indicating that it cannot provide communication services to the terminal to the first base station. instructions for the .
  • the indication information reuses the reason value in the existing message, for example, the reason value "No Radio Resources Available in Target Cell” in the handover preparation failure (handover preparation failure) message, or the reason value "Cell not Available", etc. .
  • the indication information is a newly designed cause value, for example, the cause value indicates that the moving path of the UE does not match the coverage of the second base station.
  • the second base station when the second base station determines that it cannot provide communication services for the UE, the second base station does not send the indication information to the first base station, and when the first base station does not receive the indication information after a preset time, It indicates that the second base station cannot provide the communication service for the UE.
  • a timer may be set in the first base station, and when the timer expires, the first base station confirms that the second base station cannot provide communication services for the UE.
  • the method further includes S706: the first base station sends a CHO configuration to the terminal, the CHO configuration includes information of at least one candidate cell, and the UE determines to switch to the at least one candidate cell. A condition satisfied by any one of the candidate cells, where part or all of the at least one candidate cell is managed by the second base station.
  • the second base station performs time synchronization with the terminal.
  • the second base station receives a handover request including the route information of the UE from the first base station, and then, the second base station determines whether it can provide communication information for the UE according to the route information of the UE and the coverage information of the second base station. For service, when the second base station determines that it can provide communication services for the UE, it sends a handover request response to the first base station, so that the UE can switch to a base station with coverage and the UE's moving path, improving the handover effect and enhancing communication quality.
  • the first access network device is gNB1, and gNB2 and gNB3 are neighboring stations of gNB1. It is assumed that the UE adopts CHO mode for handover, gNB1 is the source station, and gNB2 and gNB3 are candidate target stations.
  • the OAM configures coverage information of gNB1 to gNB1, configures coverage information of gNB2 to gNB2, and configures coverage information of gNB3 to gNB3.
  • S802 gNB1 sends a route request message to the UE.
  • S803 The UE sends a route request response message to gNB1, where the route request response message includes route information of the UE.
  • S801 may be executed first, and then S802-S803, or S802-S803 may be executed first, and then S801 is executed.
  • gNB1 sends handover request messages to gNB2 and gNB3 respectively, where the handover request messages include route information of the UE.
  • the gNB2 determines whether it can provide communication services for the UE according to the coverage information of the gNB2 and the route information of the UE.
  • the gNB3 determines whether it can provide communication services for the UE according to the coverage information of the gNB3 and the route information of the UE.
  • the method further includes S806: gNB2 sends a handover request response message to gNB1.
  • the handover request response message includes the information of the candidate cell of gNB2 and the CHO condition corresponding to the candidate cell.
  • gNB3 may send a handover preparation failure (handover preparation failure) message to gNB1, informing gNB1 that it cannot be the target station for UE handover.
  • handover preparation failure handover preparation failure
  • S807 gNB1 sends the CHO configuration to the UE.
  • S808 The UE determines whether to switch to gNB2 according to the CHO configuration.
  • steps S806-S808 reference may be made to relevant content in the foregoing embodiments, for example, descriptions of steps S609-S611.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device for implementing any of the above methods, for example, providing a communication device including a unit (or means).
  • a communication device for example, providing a communication device including a unit (or means).
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device may be a module for a terminal or an access network device, for example, a chip; or the communication device is a terminal or an access network device, as shown in FIG. 9 , the communication device 900 includes a processing unit 910, a transceiver unit 920 .
  • the access network device may serve as a source station in a terminal handover process.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is configured to acquire first information, the first information includes coverage information of at least one access network device adjacent to the access network device; and is configured to receive route information from a terminal; the processing unit 910 uses Determine a second access network device in the at least one access network device according to the first information and the route information; the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to send a handover request to the second access network device, The handover request is used to request handover of the terminal from the access network device to the second access network device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is also configured to receive a handover request response from the second network device.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to send a conditional handover configuration to the terminal, where the conditional handover configuration includes information about at least one candidate cell, and the terminal determines to switch to any one of the at least one candidate cell A condition satisfied by a cell, part or all of the at least one candidate cell is managed by the second access network device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is configured to receive the first information from the OAM.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is configured to receive the coverage information of the first access network device from the OAM, and respectively receive the coverage information of the at least one access network device from the at least one access network device.
  • the processing unit 910 is configured to determine the moving direction of the terminal according to the route information; and determine one or more moving directions of the terminal according to the coverage information of the at least one access network device.
  • Candidate access network devices determining the second access network device among the candidate access network devices.
  • the processing unit 910 is configured to determine the moving path of the terminal according to the route information; determine the coverage of the at least one access network device according to the coverage information of the at least one access network device; The access network device whose range coincides with the movement path of the terminal is determined as the second access network device.
  • the access network device when the communication device is used in an access network device, the access network device may serve as a target station or a candidate target station in a terminal handover process.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to receive a switching request from the first access network device, the switching request is used to request switching the terminal from the first access network device to the access network device, wherein the access network device Adjacent to the first access network device, the access network device is determined by the first access network device according to first information and route information of the terminal, wherein the first information includes information related to the Coverage information of at least one access network device adjacent to the first access network device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to send a handover request response to the first network device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to send a handover request response to the first network device.
  • the access network device may serve as a target station or a candidate target station in a UE handover process.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to obtain coverage information of the access network device, and to receive a handover request from the second access network device, the handover request includes route information of the terminal, and the handover request is used for the request to The terminal switches from the second access network device to the first access network device; the processing unit 910 is configured to determine whether communication services can be provided for the terminal according to the coverage information and the route information; when the The first access network device determines that it can provide communication services for the terminal; the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to send a handover request response to the second network device.
  • the processing unit 910 is further configured to perform time synchronization with the terminal when the terminal determines to switch to the first candidate cell managed by the first access network device according to the conditional handover configuration; wherein, the condition The handover configuration includes information of at least one candidate cell, and conditions that the terminal meets to determine to switch to any one of the at least one candidate cell, and part or all of the at least one candidate cell is determined by the The first access network device management.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to, when the access network device determines that the terminal cannot provide the communication service, send an indication to the second network device indicating that the terminal cannot provide the communication service information.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to receive the coverage information from the OAM.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to receive updated coverage information from the OAM or the second access network device.
  • the processing unit 910 is configured to determine the moving direction of the terminal according to the route information, and determine whether the access network device is located in the moving direction of the terminal according to the coverage information.
  • the processing unit 910 is configured to determine the coverage of the access network device according to the coverage information, and determine whether the terminal will pass through the coverage of the access network device according to the route information.
  • the access network device may serve as a source station in a terminal handover process.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to send a handover request to the first access network device, where the handover request includes route information of the terminal, and the handover request is used for requesting handover of the terminal from the second access network device to the A first access network device; and, when the first access network device determines according to the coverage information and the route information that it can provide communication services for the terminal, the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to receive Handover request response from network device.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to, when the access network device determines that it cannot provide communication services for the terminal, receive from the first access network device a message indicating that the first access network device cannot The indication information of the communication service can be provided to the terminal.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is configured to send the coverage information to the first access network device.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to send route information to the first access network device, for the first access network device to determine the second access network device as the terminal switching Target station or candidate target station.
  • the terminal is a UAV.
  • the division of units in the above device is only a division of logical functions, and may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity or physically separated during actual implementation.
  • the above-mentioned transceiving unit 920 may be divided into a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the transceiver unit 920 can also be divided into a first transceiver unit for communicating with terminals and a second transceiver unit for communicating with other network equipment such as base stations or OAMs.
  • the units in the above device can all be implemented in the form of software called by the processing element; they can also be implemented in the form of hardware; some units can also be implemented in the form of software called by the processing element, and some units can be implemented in the form of hardware.
  • each unit can be a separate processing element, or it can be integrated in a certain chip of the device.
  • it can also be stored in the memory in the form of a program, which is called and executed by a certain processing element of the device. Function.
  • all or part of these units can be integrated together, or implemented independently.
  • the processing element mentioned here may also be a processor, which may be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the above method or each unit above may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or implemented in the form of software called by the processing element.
  • the units in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one or more specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or, one or Multiple microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP), or, one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the units in the device can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler
  • the processing element can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) or other processors that can call programs.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • SOC system-on-a-chip
  • the above unit for receiving is an interface circuit of the device for receiving signals from other devices.
  • the receiving unit is an interface circuit for the chip to receive signals from other chips or devices.
  • the above unit for sending is an interface circuit of the device for sending signals to other devices.
  • the sending unit is an interface circuit used by the chip to send signals to other chips or devices.
  • the communication device may include at least one processing element and an interface circuit, where at least one processing element is configured to execute any switching method provided in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing element can perform some or all of the steps performed by the terminal or network equipment in the first way: that is, by calling the program stored in the storage element; or in the second way: through the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor element Part or all of the steps performed by the terminal or network device are executed in combination with instructions; of course, part or all of the steps performed by the terminal or network device may also be executed in combination with the first method and the second method.
  • the interface circuit may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device may further include a memory for storing an instruction executed by the above-mentioned one processing element, or storing input data required by the processing element to execute the instruction, or storing data generated after the processing element executes the instruction.
  • the processing element here is the same as the above description, and can be a general-purpose processor, such as a CPU, and can also be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as: one or more ASICs, or, one or more microprocessors DSP, or, one or more FPGAs, etc., or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.
  • a storage element may be a memory, or may be a general term for multiple storage elements.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device may be an access network device such as a base station, and is used to execute the handover method provided in the above method embodiment.
  • the network device includes: an antenna 1010 , a radio frequency device 1020 , and a baseband device 1030 .
  • the antenna 1010 is connected to the radio frequency device 1020 .
  • the radio frequency device 1020 receives the information sent by the terminal through the antenna 1010, and sends the information sent by the terminal to the baseband device 1030 for processing.
  • the baseband device 1030 processes the information of the terminal and sends it to the radio frequency device 1020
  • the radio frequency device 1020 processes the information of the terminal and sends it to the terminal through the antenna 1010 .
  • the baseband device 1030 may include one or more processing elements 1031, including, for example, a master CPU and other integrated circuits.
  • the baseband device 1030 may also include a storage element 1032 and an interface 1033, the storage element 1032 is used to store programs and data; the interface 1033 is used to exchange information with the radio frequency device 1020, the interface is, for example, a common public radio interface (common public radio interface) , CPRI).
  • a common public radio interface common public radio interface
  • CPRI common public radio interface
  • the above apparatus for network equipment may be located in the baseband apparatus 1030, for example, the above apparatus for network equipment may be a chip on the baseband apparatus 1030, the chip includes at least one processing element and an interface circuit, wherein the processing element is used to execute the above method For each step performed by the first base station or the second base station in any of the handover methods provided in the embodiments, the interface circuit is used to communicate with other devices.
  • the unit for the network device to implement each step in the above method may be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler, for example, the device for the network device includes a processing element and a storage element, and the processing element calls the program stored in the storage element to Execute the handover method provided in any one of the above method embodiments.
  • the storage element may be a storage element on the same chip as the processing element, that is, an on-chip storage element, or may be a storage element that is on a different chip from the processing element, that is, an off-chip storage element.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal is used to implement the handover method provided by the above method embodiment.
  • the terminal includes: an antenna 1110 , a radio frequency part 1120 , and a signal processing part 1130 .
  • the antenna 1110 is connected to the radio frequency part 1120 .
  • the radio frequency part 1120 receives the information sent by the network equipment through the antenna 1110, and sends the information sent by the network equipment to the signal processing part 1130 for processing.
  • the signal processing part 1130 processes the information of the terminal and sends it to the radio frequency part 1120
  • the radio frequency part 1120 processes the information of the terminal and sends it to the network device through the antenna 1110 .
  • the signal processing part 1130 is used to realize the processing of each communication protocol layer of data.
  • the signal processing part 1130 may be a subsystem of the terminal, and the terminal may also include other subsystems, such as a central processing subsystem, for processing the terminal operating system and application layer; for another example, the peripheral subsystem is used for Realize the connection with other equipment.
  • the signal processing part 1130 may be a separately provided chip.
  • the above devices may be located in the signal processing part 1130 .
  • Signal processing section 1130 may include one or more processing elements 1131, including, for example, a master CPU and other integrated circuits.
  • the signal processing section 1130 may further include a storage element 1132 and an interface circuit 1133 .
  • the storage element 1132 is used to store data and programs, and the program for performing the method executed by the terminal in the above methods may or may not be stored in the storage element 1132, for example, stored in a memory outside the signal processing part 1130 , the signal processing part 1130 loads the program into the cache for use during use.
  • Interface circuitry 1133 is used to communicate with the device.
  • the above means can be located in the signal processing part 1130, and the signal processing part 1130 can be implemented by a chip, and the chip includes at least one processing element and an interface circuit, wherein the processing element is used to execute any switching method provided by the above method embodiment.
  • the interface circuit is used to communicate with other devices.
  • the unit that implements each step in the above method can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler, for example, the device includes a processing element and a storage element, and the processing element calls the program stored in the storage element to execute the above method. any switching method.
  • the storage element may be a storage element on the same chip as the processing element, that is, an on-chip storage element.
  • the program for executing the above method executed by the terminal or network device may be stored in a storage element on a different chip from the processing element, that is, an off-chip storage element.
  • the processing element invokes or loads a program from the off-chip storage element to the on-chip storage element, so as to invoke and execute any switching method in the above method embodiments.
  • the unit of the terminal or network device that implements each step in the above method may be configured as one or more processing elements, where the processing elements may be integrated circuits, for example: one or more ASICs, or, One or more DSPs, or, one or more FPGAs, or a combination of these types of integrated circuits. These integrated circuits can be integrated together to form a chip.
  • the units for implementing each step in the above method can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • SOC chip is used to implement the above method.
  • the chip may integrate at least one processing element and a storage element, and the processing element calls the stored program of the storage element to implement the above method performed by the terminal or network device; or, the chip may integrate at least one integrated circuit for realizing The method performed by the above terminal or network device; or, the above implementation manners may be combined, the functions of some units are implemented in the form of calling programs by processing elements, and the functions of some units are implemented in the form of integrated circuits.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including a first access network device and a second access network device, wherein the first access network device can perform the first step in any one of the switching methods provided in the above method embodiments.
  • Various steps performed by a base station, and the second access network device may perform various steps performed by the second base station in any handover method provided in the above method embodiments.
  • the resources described in the embodiments of this application can also be called transmission resources, including one or more of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, and code channel resources, which can be used to carry data during uplink communication or downlink communication or signaling.
  • B corresponding to A means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A.
  • determining B according to A does not mean determining B only according to A, and B may also be determined according to A and/or other information.
  • Multiple appearing in the embodiments of the present application means two or more.
  • Transmit in the embodiments of the present application refers to two-way transmission, including actions of sending and/or receiving, unless otherwise specified.
  • transmission in the embodiments of the present application includes sending data, receiving data, or sending data and receiving data.
  • the data transmission here includes uplink and/or downlink data transmission.
  • Data may include information and/or signals, uplink data transmission means uplink information and/or uplink signal transmission, and downlink data transmission means downlink information and/or downlink signal transmission.
  • the terminal and/or network device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiment of the present application, and these steps or operations are only examples. In the embodiment of the present application, other operations or various variant of the operation. In addition, each step may be performed in a different order presented in the embodiment of the present application, and it may not be necessary to perform all operations in the embodiment of the present application.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种切换方法，通信装置，以及计算机存储介质，所述方法包括：第一接入网设备根据相邻接入网设备的覆盖信息以及终端的路线信息，确定能够为终端提供通信服务的第二接入网设备并向第二接入网设备发送切换请求消息，由于在确定目标接入网设备或者候选目标接入网设备的过程中考虑了终端的移动路径与邻站的覆盖范围的适配性，使得终端能够切换到匹配其移动路径的接入网设备。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　切换方法、通信装置、以及计算机存储介质 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种切换方法、通信装置、以及计算机存储介质。
背景技术
为了保持通信质量，终端在移动过程中可以进行小区切换，例如可以由源基站根据终端上报的邻区测量结果，决定将终端由服务小区切换到目标基站管理的小区。
随着无人机设备等各类终端应用于无线通信中，终端的服务小区与邻区关系等与传统无线通信场景相比有很大的变化，因此，采用传统的切换方法可能会导致切换效果不佳，影响通信质量。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种切换方法、通信装置、及计算机存储介质，用于提高切换场景下的通信质量。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种切换方法，包括：第一接入网设备获取第一信息，所述第一信息包括与所述第一接入网设备相邻的至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息；所述第一接入网设备接收来自终端的路线信息；所述第一接入网设备根据所述第一信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个接入网设备中确定第二接入网设备；所述第一接入网设备向所述第二接入网设备发送切换请求，所述切换请求用于请求将所述终端从所述第一接入网设备切换到所述第二接入网设备。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一接入网设备接收来自所述第二网络设备的切换请求响应。
可选地，所述切换请求响应中包含用指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二接入网设备为所述终端提供通信服务的可能性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一接入网设备向所述终端发送条件切换配置，所述条件切换配置包含至少一个候选小区的信息，以及所述终端确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中的部分或全部候选小区由所述第二接入网设备管理。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备获取第一信息包括：所述第一接入网设备从运行管理和维护(operation,administration,and maintenance，OAM)接收所述第一信息。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备获取第一信息包括：所述第一接入网设备从OAM接收所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息，以及，所述第一接入网设备分别从所述至少一个接入网设备接收所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息。其中，所述至少一个接入网设备分别从所述OAM接收各自的覆盖信息。
可选地，所述第一接入网设备从接口建立请求消息中获取所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一接入网设备从所述OAM接收更新的所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息；所述第一接入网设备将更新的所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息分别发送给所述至少一个接入网设备。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个接入网设备中确定第二接入网设备包括：根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动方向；根据所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息，确定位于所述终端的移动方向上的一个或多个候选接入网设备；在所述候选接入网设备中确定所述第二接入网设备。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个接入网设备中确定第二接入网设备包括：根据所述路线信息确定所述终端的移动路径；根据所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息，确定所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖范围；将覆盖范围与所述终端的移动路径重合的接入网设备确定为所述第二接入网设备。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种切换方法，包括：第二接入网设备接收来自第一接入网设备的切换请求，所述切换请求用于请求将终端从所述第一接入网设备切换到所述第二接入网设备，其中，所述第二接入网设备与所述第一接入网设备相邻，所述第二接入网设备由所述第一接入网设备根据第一信息以及所述终端的路线信息确定，其中，所述第一信息包括与所述第一接入网设备相邻的至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第二接入网设备向所述第一网络设备发送切换请求响应。
可选地，所述切换请求响应中包含用指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二接入网设备为所述终端提供通信服务的可能性。
在第一方面或第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还包括所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息。
可选地，所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息包括所述第一接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述第一接入网设备管理的小区的覆盖范围信息。
在第一方面或第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个接入网设备中的任意一个接入网设备的覆盖信息包括所述接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述接入网设备管理的小区的覆盖范围信息。
在第一方面或第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端为无人机终端，所述路线信息包括所述无人机终端的飞行路径。
采用以上第一方面或者第二方面提供的切换方法，第一接入网设备根据相邻接入网设备的覆盖信息以及终端的路线信息，确定能够为终端提供通信服务的第二接入网设备并向第二接入网设备发送切换请求消息，由于在确定目标接入网设备或者候选目标接入网设备的过程中考虑了终端的移动路径与相邻接入设备的覆盖范围的适配性，使得终端能够切换到匹配其移动路径的接入网设备，提升切换效果，增强通信质量。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种切换方法，包括：第一接入网设备获取所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息；所述第一接入网设备接收来自第二接入网设备的切换请求，所述切换请求包 括终端的路线信息，所述切换请求用于所述请求将终端从所述第二接入网设备切换到所述第一接入网设备；所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为所述终端提供通信服务；当所述第一接入网设备确定能够为所述终端提供通信服务，所述第一接入网设备向所述第二网络设备发送切换请求响应。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：当所述终端根据条件切换配置确定切换到所述第一接入网设备管理的第一候选小区时，所述第一接入网设备与所述终端进行时间同步；其中，所述条件切换配置包括至少一个候选小区的信息，以及所述终端确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中的部分或全部候选小区由所述第一接入网设备管理。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：当所述第一接入网设备确定不能够为所述终端提供通信服务，所述第一接入网设备向所述第二网络设备发送用于指示不能够向所述终端提供通信服务的指示信息。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备获取覆盖信息包括：所述第一接入网设备从OAM接收所述覆盖信息。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备获取覆盖信息包括：所述第一接入网设备从所述第二接入网设备接收所述覆盖信息。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一接入网设备从所述OAM或者所述第二接入网设备接收更新的覆盖信息。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为所述终端提供通信服务包括：根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动方向，并且，根据所述覆盖信息，确定所述第一接入网设备是否位于所述终端的移动方向上。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为所述终端提供通信服务包括：根据所述覆盖信息确定所述第一接入网设备的覆盖范围，并且根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动路径是否与所述覆盖范围重合，及确定终端是否将经过所述第一接入网设备的覆盖范围。
第四方面，本申请提供一种切换方法，包括：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送切换请求，所述切换请求包括终端的路线信息，所述切换请求用于所述请求将终端从所述第二接入网设备切换到所述第一接入网设备；当所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息确定能够为所述终端提供通信服务，所述第二接入网设备接收来自所述第一网络设备的切换请求响应。
在第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：当所述第一接入网设备确定不能够为所述终端提供通信服务，从所述第一接入网设备接收用于指示所述第一接入网设备不能够向所述终端提供通信服务的指示信息。
在第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第二接入网设备向所述第一接入网设备发送所述覆盖信息。
在第三方面或第四面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息包括所 述第一接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述第一接入网设备管理的小区的方向信息以及覆盖信息。
在第三方面或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端为无人机终端，所述路线信息包括所述无人机终端的飞行路径。
采用以上第三方面或者第四方面提供的切换方法，第一接入网设备从第二接入网设备接收包含终端的路线信息的切换请求，进而，第一接入网设备根据终端的路线信息以及第一接入网设备的覆盖信息，确定是否能够为终端提供通信服务，当确定能够为终端提供通信服务，向第二接入网设备发送切换请求响应，使得终端能够切换到覆盖范围与该终端的移动路径匹配的接入网设备，提升切换效果，增强通信质量。
第五方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置，包括用于执行以上第一方面至第四方面各个步骤的单元或模块或手段(means)。所述通信装置可以是网络设备或者用于网络设备的装置。所述网络设备可以是基站或者具有基站的部分功能的设备。
第六方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器用于通过接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行以上第一方面至第四方面提供的方法。该处理器包括一个或多个。
第七方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器，用于调用存储器中存储的程序，以执行以上第一方面至第四方面提供的方法。该存储器可以位于该装置之内，也可以位于该装置之外。且该处理器可以是一个或多个处理器。
第八方面，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该程序在被处理器调用时，以上任一方面提供的方法被执行。
此外，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括以上程序。
第九方面，本申请提供一种通信系统，包括第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备，其中，第一接入网设备用于执行第一方面提供的方法，且第二接入网设备用于执行第二方面提供的方法；或者，第一接入网设备用于执行第三方面提供的方法，且第二接入网设备用于执行第四方面提供的方法。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统100的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种条件切换的流程示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种切换方法的流程图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种小区方向的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种基站天线的俯仰角的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种切换方法的流程图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种切换方法的流程图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种切换方法的流程图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置900的示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备1000的示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种终端1100的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统100的示意图。
如图1所示，该通信网络100包括网络设备1和网络设备2，其中，网络设备1和网络设备2之间可以进行直接通信，例如具有直接的通信接口；或者也可以通过其他网络设备间接通信。每个网络设备管理一个或多个小区，每个小区的覆盖范围内可以覆盖一个或多个终端，终端通过小区接入网络设备并获取通信服务。图1中，以网络设备1管理小区1，且终端1位于小区1内；网络设备2管理小区2，且终端2位于小区2进行示意。
本申请中的通信网络可以是无线接入网，例如可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)无线通信系统，或者是新无线(new radio，NR)系统等第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统、还可以是其他下一代(next generation，NG)通信系统或新型通信系统等，本申请不做限定。
在本申请中，终端可以是向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的各类设备，也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、移动终端等。终端可以广泛应用于各种场景，例如，设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车物(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信、机器类通信(machine-type communication，MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IOT)、虚拟现实、增强现实、工业控制、自动驾驶、远程医疗、智能电网、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通、智慧城市等。终端可以是手机、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、可穿戴设备、航空航天设备等。在本申请实施例中，应用于上述设备中的芯片也可以称为终端。
其中，航空航天设备可以是无人机终端或者其他具备无线通信模块的飞行设备。无人机终端也可以称为无人机用户设备(drone UE)，或者无人驾驶飞机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle，UAV)。
在本申请中，网络设备可以是接入网设备。例如，网络设备可以是基站、演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNodeB)、发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信系统中的下一代基站、未来移动通信系统中的基站等；也可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。这里的CU完成基站的无线资源控制协议和分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)的功能，还可以完成业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)的功能；DU完成基站的无线链路控制层和介质访问控制(medium access control，MAC)层的功能，还可以完成部分物理层或全部物理层的功能，有关上述各个协议层的具体描述，可以参考第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)的相关技术规范。无线接入网设备可以是宏基站，也可以是微基站或室内站，还可以是中继节点或主节点等。本申请的实施例对网络设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
以网络设备1为基站1，网络设备2为基站2为例，对图1所示的通信网络进行说明。 图1中，基站1与基站2互为邻站，基站1与基站2之间具有直接的通信接口，基站1与基站2可以通过该通信接口进行信息交互，例如向对方发送自身的资源使用情况。终端1或终端2在移动过程中可能会发生小区切换，例如终端1从小区1切换到小区2，或者终端2从小区2切换到小区1。基站1和基站2可以连接相同的核心网，也可以连接不同的核心网且核心网之间可以通信。
在一个无人机终端通信场景中，终端1和终端2分别是处于飞行状态的UAV，基站1和基站2分别是具备与UAV通信能力的地面基站，例如是管理UAV的专用基站或者普通基站，其中，管理UAV的专用基站具备近端范围内针对UAV的完整通信能力，以及远端范围内针对UAV的低速率数据及信令的通信能力，其中，近端范围与远端范围可以通过相应空间内的信号质量是否能够使得UAV的通信质量达到一定阈值来划分，例如，地域半径20公里的空间以及空域半径3公里的空间可以认为是远端范围。此外，所述专用基站可以兼具普通地面基站的功能。管理UAV的普通基站具有普通地面基站的功能，以及近端范围内针对UAV的完整通信能力，普通基站还可以作为位于高空的UAV的数据面中继节点。由于UAV在空中的服务小区和邻区关系与地面普通终端的服务小区和邻区关系不同，因此，在UAV的移动过程中，UAV切换服务小区的时间点和确定的目标小区都可能与地面普通终端不同。如何为UAV选择合适的目标站与目标小区是一个亟待解决的问题。
作为一种切换方式的举例(方式一)，终端的切换是由其当前接入的网络设备或者当前提供服务的网络设备(简称为“源站”)控制的，切换流程包括：源站可以指示终端进行小区测量，根据终端上报的测量报告确定是否切换终端的服务小区，如确定要切换，向待切换的目标网络设备(简称为“目标站”)发送切换请求消息，目标站若允许终端接入，则向源站发送切换确认消息。其中，源站确定是否切换终端驻留的小区的判断依据之一是小区切换触发门限，若终端上报的邻区的信号质量达到或超过小区切换触发门限，则源站确定终端可以切换至该邻区。
作为另一种切换方式的举例(方式二)，为了节约系统开销，提高切换效率，提出了一种条件切换(conditional handover，CHO)的方式。条件切换是指终端在一些CHO条件满足时执行切换，具体地，终端可以在网络侧提供的候选目标小区中决定选择满足CHO条件的候选目标小区，并执行切换。例如，图2示出了一种条件切换的流程图，包括：
S201：源站向终端发送测量配置。
S202：终端根据测量配置对服务小区以及邻区进行测量，并向源站上报小区测量结果。
S203：源站决定使用条件切换。
S204：源站向一个或多个候选目标站发送切换请求消息。
一般地，源站向各个邻站分别发送切换请求消息，也就是说源站的邻站均可以作为候选目标站。
S205：候选目标站执行准入控制。
具体地，候选目标站可以根据当前的负载水平对是否允许终端接入网络进行判断和控制。此外，每个候选目标站管理一个或多个小区，候选目标站可以确定信号质量较好的小区作为候选小区，提供给终端用于进行CHO的决策。
S206：候选目标站向源站发送包括候选小区配置的切换请求响应。
S207：源站向终端发送无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)重配置(reconfiguration)消息。所述RRC重配置消息中包含候选小区配置和切换条件。
其中，候选小区的配置和切换条件可以称为候选小区的CHO配置。可以理解，切换条件与候选小区是对应的，不同候选小区的切换条件可以相同也可以不同。
切换条件也可以称为CHO条件、或CHO执行条件、或切换触发条件等，例如，可以包括目标候选小区指示信息，为CHO添加或修改的候选特殊小区(special cell，Spcell)配置列表，或，待删除的候选Spcell配置列表等信息，其中，若切换条件中包含目标候选小区指示信息，则表示候选目标站提供的候选小区可以作为目标候选小区，终端可对该目标候选小区执行条件重配置。
候选小区的配置可以包括候选小区的标识，候选小区的系统信息块1(system information block 1，SIB1)，或，无线承载配置等信息。
S208：终端向源站发送RRC重配置完成消息。
S209：终端评估候选小区是否满足切换条件。
具体地，终端收到候选小区的CHO配置后开始评估候选小区是否满足切换条件，当终端确定一个候选小区满足相应的切换条件或者终端在多个满足相应的切换条件的候选小区中根据小区信号质量等条件选择一个候选小区，则终端执行切换到该候选小区的流程，并在执行切换后停止评估切换条件。终端切换到候选小区的流程包括：从源站分离，执行该选择的候选小区应用存储的相应配置，同步到该候选小区，并通过向目标站发送RRC重配置完成消息，以完成RRC切换过程。终端在成功完成RRC切换流程后可以释放存储的CHO配置。
S210：目标站向源站发送切换成功消息，通知终端已成功接入目标小区。
S211：源站向目标站发送SN状态传输消息。
可选地，源站向目标站之外的其他候选目标站发送切换取消消息。
无论采用上述哪种切换方式，在决策终端切换的目标站时，仅仅考虑的是与小区信号质量相关的条件，对于UAV等终端，可能导致选择出的目标站并不适合终端接入。进一步地，若采用CHO，源站向每个邻站均发送切换请求，在终端执行到目标站的切换后，其他为终端准备资源的候选目标站的资源就浪费了，导致了系统资源的非必要开销。
为了提升切换效果，提高通信质量，并节约系统资源，本申请提供了一种切换方法。以下将结合图3-图8，对本申请提供的切换的方法进行详细描述，本申请提供的方法可以由终端或者网络设备执行，也可以由用于终端或者网络设备的通信装置例如芯片执行。本申请提供的方法可以应用于图1所示的通信系统中。以下以终端为UE，网络设备为基站说明本申请提供的切换方法。
图3是本申请提供的一种切换方法的流程示意图，该方法包括：
S301：第一基站获取第一信息，所述第一信息包括与所述第一基站相邻的至少一个基站的覆盖信息。
其中，第一基站是UE当前接入的基站，也可以称为UE的服务基站，当处于切换场景中， 第一基站也可以称为源站。此外，为了方便说明，以下将与第一基站相邻的基站简称为邻站，第一基站的邻站可以作为UE切换的候选目标站。每个候选目标站管理的一个或多个小区可以作为UE切换的候选目标小区。
可选地，所述候选目标小区是该UE的专用小区。例如，当UE是UAV时，所述候选目标小区是UAV专用小区，或者高空小区。其中，高空小区是指小区的信号发射方向指向空中的小区。
可选地，每个邻站的覆盖信息包括该邻站的位置信息，和/或，该邻站管理的小区的覆盖范围信息。
其中，邻站的位置信息可以包括该邻站的地理位置信息，地理位置信息可以是该邻站所在地理位置的经纬度。
可选地，小区的覆盖范围信息包括小区的方向信息。本申请中，可以定义小区与指定基准方向的夹角为小区方向，如图4中所示定义的α为小区天线主瓣的方向与正东方向的夹角。可选地，小区的覆盖范围信息还可以包括小区覆盖范围的长度和宽度。可选地，小区的覆盖范围信息还包括用于指示小区是否为高空小区的指示信息，该指示信息的一种可能的方式是采用1比特的指示位，例如，当该指示位取值为“0”表明该小区不是高空小区，当该指示位取值为“1”表明该小区是高空小区。可选的，小区的覆盖范围信息还包括小区所属基站的高度，和/或，基站天线的俯仰角β等信息，如图5所示。当小区的覆盖范围信息中包含多种信息时，可以更精确地反映小区的位置和覆盖范围。在一个实施方式中，所述第一信息还包括所述第一基站的覆盖信息。可选地，第一基站的覆盖信息包括第一基站的位置信息，和/或，第一基站管理的小区的覆盖范围信息，不做赘述。根据第一基站的覆盖信息以及邻站的覆盖信息，第一基站可以较为准确地定位自身覆盖范围与邻站的覆盖范围的交界处。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，第一基站从OAM接收所述第一信息。
例如，在该实施方式中，OAM可以通过全球卫星定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)等方式获取到OAM管理范围内的各个基站的位置信息。此外，OAM可以预先为管理范围内的各个基站配置各个基站管理的小区的覆盖范围信息。基站的位置信息以及小区的覆盖范围信息可以组成该基站的覆盖信息，从而，OAM可以将第一基站以及邻站的覆盖信息发送给第一基站。可以理解，OAM可以向其管理范围内的任一基站发送该基站以及邻站的覆盖信息。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，第一基站从OAM接收第一基站的覆盖信息，以及，分别从每个邻站接收邻站的覆盖信息。
具体地，在该实施方式中，OAM向其管理范围内的任一基站分别发送该基站的覆盖信息，也就是说，每个基站从OAM获取了自身的覆盖信息，随后，基站之间可以交互覆盖信息。例如，第一基站分别从每个邻站获取邻站的覆盖信息，此外，第一基站也可以向每个邻站发送第一基站的覆盖信息。每个基站的覆盖信息可以通过基站之间的接口消息传输，也可以通过核心网转发，本申请对此不做限定。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，若一个基站的覆盖信息发生变化，OAM可以将该基站的覆盖信息的变化情况通知该基站，包括，通知变化后的覆盖信息、或者哪些覆盖信息发生变化以及变化的范围等信息，随后，该基站可以将更新后的覆盖信息通知各个邻站，接收到更新后的覆盖信息的邻站可以向该基站发送确认消息。例如，第一基站可以从OAM接收 更新的第一基站的覆盖信息，并将更新后的第一基站的覆盖信息发送给各个邻站。类似地，第一基站可以分别从各个邻站接收每个邻站的更新后的覆盖信息。可选地，第一基站可以向邻站发送配置更新消息，该配置更新消息中包含更新后的邻站的覆盖信息的。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，若在一个时间段内有多个相邻基站的覆盖信息发生变化，OAM可以分别通知该多个相邻基站中的每个基站这些相邻基站的覆盖信息的变化情况。
可选地，第一基站根据获取的第一信息，可以建立和维护一个邻居关系列表，在该列表中记录和更新第一基站以及各个邻站的覆盖信息。
S302：第一基站接收来自UE的路线信息。
UE的路线信息可以指示该UE的移动路径。具体地，所述路线信息可以包括UE在移动过程中经过的路径点(waypoint)，路径点可以通过该地点的地理位置的经纬度表示。所述路线信息还可以包含时间戳信息，所述时间戳信息用于指示经过每个路径点的时间。可选地，路线请求中还包含路径点的最大数量，以及是否上报时间戳信息的指示。当UE为UAV时，路线信息可以包括UAV的飞行路径(flight path)。
第一基站根据UE的路线信息，不仅可以获知UE已经经过的路线，还可以预先判断UE将经过的区域，即预先判断UE未来的移动路径。
可选地，第一基站可以向UE发送路线请求，UE根据该路线请求向第一基站发送路线请求响应，且该路线请求响应中包含该UE的路线信息。
可以理解，本申请对步骤S301与S302的执行顺序不做限制，可以先执行S301再执行S302，也可以先执行S302再执行S301，或者同时执行S301与S302。
S303：第一基站根据所述第一信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个邻站中确定第二基站。
具体地，第一基站在所述至少一个邻站中确定能够为UE提供通信服务的第二基站。若采用前述方式一进行切换，第一基站确定第二基站作为终端切换的目标站。若采用前述方式二进行切换，第一基站确定第二基站作为终端切换的候选目标站或者候选目标站之一。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，第一基站根据所述路线信息确定UE的移动路径；根据所述至少一个邻站的覆盖信息，确定所述至少一个邻站的覆盖范围；从而，第一基站将覆盖范围与UE的移动路径重合的邻站确定为所述第二基站。也就是说，第一基站根据UE的移动路径确定UE将经过所述第二基站的覆盖范围，从而确定第二基站能够为UE提供通信服务。
例如，当UE为UAV时，第一基站可以根据UAV报告的路线信息，获取UAV的飞行路径，并计算出哪些邻站管理的小区的覆盖范围与UAV的飞行路径重合，选择覆盖范围与UAV的飞行路径重合的小区所属的基站作为第二基站。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，第一基站根据所述路线信息，确定UE的移动方向；根据所述至少一个邻站的覆盖信息，确定位于UE的移动方向上的一个或多个候选邻站；在所述候选邻站中确定所述第二基站。在该实施方式中，第一基站先排除不在UE的移动方向上的邻站，只将位于UE的移动方向的邻站作为候选基站，进而，通过候选基站的覆盖信息，确定 覆盖范围与UE的移动路径重合的候选邻站作为第二基站。在该实施方式中，第一基站无需分析所有邻站的覆盖信息，节约了系统资源，提高了处理效率。
例如，当UE为UAV时，第一基站可以根据UAV报告的路线信息计算出UAV的飞行方向，例如UAV向东南方向飞行，第一基站通过维护的邻居关系列表中的各个邻站的覆盖信息，判断出在东南方向上有哪些邻站可能为UAV提供通信服务，即这些东南方向上的邻站作为候选邻站，并在这些候选邻站中确定第二基站。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，第一基站根据所述路线信息，确定UE的移动方向；根据所述至少一个邻站的覆盖信息，确定位于UE的移动方向上的一个或多个候选邻站；进而，第一基站分别向候选邻站分别发送切换请求，若某个候选邻站确定能够为UE提供通信服务，该候选邻站向第一基站发送请求响应。例如，第一候选邻站接收到第一基站的切换请求，且根据覆盖信息确定UE的移动路径与第一候选邻站的覆盖范围重合，则第一候选邻站确定能够为UE提供通信服务，进而向第一基站发送切换请求响应。
可选地，确定第二基站时，第一基站除了考虑邻站的位置及小区覆盖范围是否符合UE的移动路径，还考虑邻站的信号质量是否达到预设门限，将信号质量达到或超过预设门限的邻站且符合UE的移动路径的基站作为第二基站。第一基站可以从UE接收小区测量报告，该小区测量报告中包括UE对服务小区以及各个邻区的信号测量结果。S304：第一基站向第二基站发送切换请求，所述切换请求用于请求将所述终端从所述第一接入网设备切换到所述第二基站。
可选地，在一个实施方式中，所述方法还包括S305：第一基站接收来自第二基站的切换请求响应。
该切换请求响应中可以包含第二基站相关的配置，例如第二基站的RRC重配置信息，用于UE接入第二基站。当采用CHO方式，第二基站相关的配置可以包括第二基站管理的候选小区的信息以及候选小区对应的CHO条件。
可选地，所述切换请求响应中包括指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二基站为UE提供通信服务的可能性。可选地，该指示信息是在0至N(N≥1)的整数中的任意值，表示所述第二基站能够为UE提供通信服务的概率，例如，N＝100，指示信息的取值为0表示第二基站不能为UE提供通信服务，指示信息的取值为50表示第二基站能为UE提供通信服务的概率为50％，指示信息的取值为100表示第二基站能为UE提供通信服务的概率为100％。又例如，N＝4，指示信息的取值为0表示第二基站不能为UE提供通信服务，指示信息的取值为1表示第二基站能为UE提供通信服务的概率为25％，指示信息的取值为2表示第二基站能为UE提供通信服务的概率为50％，指示信息的取值为3表示第二基站能为UE提供通信服务的概率为75％，指示信息的取值为4表示第二基站能为UE提供通信服务的概率为100％。
可选地，在一个实施方式中，如经过预设时间，第一基站未收到来自第二基站的切换请求响应，说明切换请求失败。第一基站可以再次向第二基站发起切换请求，或者向其他候选目标站发起切换请求。
当第一基站接收到来自第二基站的切换请求响应，且采用CHO方式，所述方法还包括：第一基站向UE发送CHO配置，所述CHO配置包含至少一个候选小区的信息，以及UE确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中 的部分或全部候选小区由第二基站管理。
其中，UE确定切换到任意一个候选小区所满足的条件即该候选小区对应的CHO条件。
可以理解，第一基站可以确定多个候选目标站，也就是说，除了第二基站之外，第一基站还可以确定一个或多个候选目标站，并分别向这些候选目标站发送切换请求。因此，第一基站可以分别从多个候选目标站接收切换请求响应，每个候选目标站发送的切换请求响应中可以包含该候选目标站管理的候选小区的信息，以及与该候选小区对应的CHO条件。因此，第一基站向UE发送的CHO配置中可以包含分别属于第二基站以及其他候选目标站的多个候选小区的信息，以及与每个候选小区对应的CHO条件。UE在接收到上述条件切换配置之后，可以在多个候选小区中选择一个满足CHO条件的候选小区执行切换，关于CHO的具体描述可以参考前述相关内容，例如图2的描述。
采用本申请提供的切换方法，第一基站根据邻站的覆盖信息以及UE的路线信息，确定能够为UE提供通信服务的第二基站并向第二基站发送切换请求消息，由于在确定目标站或者候选目标站的过程中考虑了UE的移动路径与邻站的覆盖范围的适配性，使得UE能够切换到匹配其移动路径的基站，提升切换效果，增强通信质量。
下述图6所示实施例是在图3所示实施例基础上对本申请提供的切换方法的进一步解释与说明，已说明的内容不做赘述。在图6所示实施例中，第一接入网设备为gNB1，gNB2和gNB3为gNB1的邻站。假设UE采用CHO方式进行切换，gNB1为源站，gNB2和gNB3为候选目标站。
S601：OAM分别为gNB1配置gNB1的覆盖信息，为gNB2配置gNB2的覆盖信息，以及为gNB3配置gNB3的覆盖信息。
S602：gNB1向gNB2、gNB3分别发送gNB1的覆盖信息。
可选地，所述gNB1的覆盖信息包含在gNB1向gNB2、gNB3分别发送的Xn接口建立请求(Xn setup request)消息中。
S603：gNB1从gNB2接收gNB2的覆盖信息以及从gNB3接收gNB3的覆盖信息。
可选地，gNB2的覆盖信息、gNB3的覆盖信息包含在gNB2、gNB3分别向gNB1发送的Xn接口建立响应(Xn setup response)消息中。
图6中未示出，gNB1还可以从gNB2、gNB3之外的一个或多个邻站接收覆盖信息。gNB1可以根据接收到的各个邻站的覆盖信息，建立和维护邻居关系列表。
其中，S601-S603为可选的步骤，在另一个实施方式中，S601-S603可以由步骤S601’代替，S601’包括：OAM向gNB1发送gNB1的覆盖信息，gNB2的覆盖信息以及gNB3的覆盖信息。
S604：gNB1向UE发送路线请求消息。
S605：UE向gNB1发送路线请求响应消息，所述路线请求响应消息包括该UE的路线信息。
可以理解，上述S601-S605的执行顺序仅是举例，S601-S603与S604-S605没有执行的先后顺序限制，例如，gNB1先获取自身及邻站的覆盖信息再获取UE的路线信息，或者，gNB1先获取UE的路线信息再获取自身及邻站的覆盖信息，本申请对此不做限定。
S606：gNB1根据UE的路线信息，以及gNB2的覆盖信息确定gNB2是否能够为UE提供通信服务。
S607：gNB1根据UE的路线信息，以及gNB3的覆盖信息确定gNB3是否能够为UE提供通信服务。
假设gNB1确定gNB2的覆盖范围与UE的移动路线将有重合，且确定UE将不会经过gNB3的覆盖范围，因此，gNB1确定gNB2将可以为UE提供通信服务，gNB3不能为UE提供通信服务。
可以理解，本申请对S606与S607的执行先后顺序不做限制，可以先执行S606再执行S607，也可以先执行S607再执行S606，也可以同时执行S606与S607。
关于S606以及S607的详细描述可以参考前述实施例中的步骤S303中的相关内容，不做赘述。
S608：gNB1向gNB2发送切换请求消息。
S609：gNB2向gNB1发送切换请求响应消息。
该切换请求响应消息中包括gNB2的候选小区的信息以及候选小区对应的CHO条件。
S610：gNB1向UE发送CHO配置。
该CHO配置中包括一个或多个候选小区的信息以及每个候选小区对应的CHO条件，所述一个或多个候选小区中包含gNB2的候选小区。
S611：UE根据CHO配置确定是否切换到gNB2。
若UE根据CHO配置确定可以切换到gNB2，则执行切换到gNB2的流程，不做赘述。
采用上述切换方法，gNB1无需向gNB2以及gNB3均发送切换请求消息，仅需要预先判断gNB2将能够为UE提供通信服务，gNB3不能为UE提供通信服务，进而向gNB2发送切换请求消息，而gNB3无需再为UE准备传输资源，gNB1向UE发送的CHO配置得到了优化，节约了整体的系统资源，提高了切换的效率。
图7是本申请提供的另一种切换方法的流程示意图。在该实施例中，由源站的邻站确定是否作为UE切换的目标站或者候选目标站。该方法包括：
S701：第二基站获取第二基站的覆盖信息。
所述第二基站的覆盖信息包括所述第二基站的位置信息，和/或，所述第二基站管理的小区的覆盖范围信息，关于第二基站的覆盖信息的详细描述可以参考前述实施例中的相关内容。
可选地，第二基站从OAM接收所述覆盖信息。
可选地，第二基站从其他基站，例如第一基站接收所述覆盖信息。在该实施方式中，OAM可以向一个基站发送该基站以及邻站的覆盖信息，进而，该基站可以向邻站发送该邻站的覆盖信息。
第一基站与第二基站互为邻站，第一基站为UE切换过程中的源站，第二基站为UE切换 过程中的候选目标站，关于第一基站与第二基站的含义的介绍可以参见前述实施例中的相关内容。
S702：第二基站接收来自第一基站的切换请求，所述切换请求包括UE的路线信息，所述切换请求用于所述请求将所述终端从第一基站切换到第二基站。
可选地，第一基站可以从UE接收路线信息。例如第一基站向UE发送路线信息请求消息，进而，UE在路线请求响应消息中携带路线信息。
可选地，UE为UAV，所述路线信息包括UAV的飞行路径。关于路线信息的具体描述可以参见前述实施例中的相关内容。
可选地，第一基站可以根据UE上报的小区测量结果，确定第二基站的信号质量达到或高于预设门限，从而向第二基站发送切换请求。
可以理解，本申请对步骤S701与S702的执行顺序不做限制，可以先执行S701再执行S702，也可以先执行S702再执行S701，或者同时执行S701与S702。
S703：第二基站根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为UE提供通信服务。
可选地，在一个实施方式中，第二基站根据所述覆盖信息确定第二基站的覆盖范围，并且根据所述路线信息，确定UE的移动路径是否将与第二基站的覆盖范围重合。
可选地，在一个实施方式中，第二基站根据所述路线信息，确定UE的移动方向，并且，根据所述覆盖信息，确定是否位于UE的移动方向上。当第二基站确定不在UE的移动方向上，则说明第二基站不能为UE提供通信服务，第二基站无需再判断其覆盖范围是否与UE的移动路径重合；当第二基站确定在UE的移动方向上，则第二基站判断其覆盖范围是否与UE的移动路径重合，如果第二基站的覆盖范围与UE的移动路径重合，则第二基站能够为UE提供通信服务。
关于S703的详细描述可以参考前述实施例，例如步骤S303的描述，不做赘述。
S704：当第二基站确定能够为UE提供通信服务，第二基站向第一基站发送切换请求响应。
可选地，所述切换请求响应中包含指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二接入网设备为所述终端提供通信服务的可能性。关于该指示信息的详细描述可以参考前述实施例中的相关内容。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述方法还包括S705：当第二基站确定不能够为UE提供通信服务，向第一基站发送用于指示不能够向所述终端提供通信服务的指示信息。
可选地，该指示信息复用现有消息中的原因值，例如切换准备失败(handover preparation failure)消息中的原因值“No Radio Resources Available in Target Cell”,或者原因值“Cell not Available”等。可选地，该指示信息为新设计的原因值，例如该原因值指示UE的移动路径与第二基站的覆盖范围不匹配。
可选地，在另一个实施方式中，当第二基站确定不能够为UE提供通信服务，第二基站不向第一基站发送指示信息，当第一基站经过预设时间未收到指示信息，说明第二基站不能够为UE提供通信服务。具体地，可以在第一基站内设置一个定时器，当定时器超时，则第一基站确认第二基站不能够为UE提供通信服务。
可选地，若采用CHO的切换方式，所述方法还包括S706：第一基站向所述终端发送CHO配置，所述CHO配置包含至少一个候选小区的信息，以及UE确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中的部分或全部候选小区由第二基站管理。当UE根据CHO配置确定切换到所述第二基站管理的第一候选小区时，第二基站与所述终端进行时间同步。
关于CHO的具体描述可以参考前述相关内容，例如图2的描述。
采用本申请提供的切换方法，第二基站从第一基站接收包含UE的路线信息的切换请求，进而，第二基站根据UE的路线信息以及第二基站的覆盖信息，确定是否能够为UE提供通信服务，当第二基站确定能够为UE提供通信服务，向第一基站发送切换请求响应，使得UE能够切换到覆盖范围与该UE的移动路径的基站，提升切换效果，增强通信质量。
下述图8所示实施例是在图7所示实施例基础上对本申请提供的切换方法的进一步解释与说明，已说明的内容不做赘述。在图8所示实施例中，第一接入网设备为gNB1，gNB2和gNB3为gNB1的邻站。假设UE采用CHO方式进行切换，gNB1为源站，gNB2和gNB3为候选目标站。
S801：OAM分别向gNB1配置gNB1的覆盖信息，向gNB2配置gNB2的覆盖信息，以及向gNB3配置gNB3的覆盖信息。
S802：gNB1向UE发送路线请求消息。
S803：UE向gNB1发送路线请求响应消息，所述路线请求响应消息包括UE的路线信息。
可以理解，本申请对S801与S802-S803的执行顺序没有特别限制，例如，可以先执行S801，再执行S802-S803，或者，先执行S802-S803，再执行S801。
S804：gNB1向gNB2、gNB3分别发送切换请求消息，所述切换请求消息中包含UE的路线信息。
S805a：gNB2根据gNB2的覆盖信息以及UE的路线信息确定是否能为UE提供通信服务。
S805b：gNB3根据gNB3的覆盖信息以及UE的路线信息确定是否能为UE提供通信服务。
可以理解，本申请对S805a与S805b的执行顺序没有特别限制。
假设gNB2确定能够为UE提供通信服务，gNB3确定不能为UE提供通信服务，所述方法还包括S806：gNB2向gNB1发送切换请求响应消息。
其中，切换请求响应消息中包括gNB2的候选小区的信息以及候选小区对应的CHO条件。
可选地，gNB3可以向gNB1发送切换准备失败(handover preparation failure)消息，通知gNB1不能作为UE切换的目标站。
S807：gNB1向UE发送CHO配置。
S808：UE根据CHO配置确定是否切换到gNB2。
关于步骤S806-S808可以参考前述实施例中的相关内容，例如步骤S609-S611的描述。
采用上述切换方法，gNB2以及gNB3作为gNB1的邻站，分别判断自身是否能够为UE提供通信服务，gNB2确定能为UE提供通信服务，并向gNB1发送包含gNB2对应的CHO配置的 切换请求响应，而gNB3确定不能为UE提供通信服务，因此gNB3无需再为UE准备传输资源，从而，gNB1向UE发送的CHO配置得到了优化，节约了整体的系统资源，提高了切换的效率。
本申请实施例还提供用于实现以上任一种方法的通信装置，例如，提供一种通信装置包括用以实现以上任一种方法中终端或者接入网设备所执行的各个步骤的单元(或手段)。例如，请参考图9，其为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的示意图。该通信装置可以为用于终端或接入网设备的模块，例如，芯片；或者该通信装置是终端或者接入网设备，如图9所示，该通信装置900包括处理单元910，收发单元920。
在一个实施方式中，当该通信装置用于接入网设备时，该接入网设备可以作为终端切换过程中的源站。收发单元920用于获取第一信息，所述第一信息包括与该接入网设备相邻的至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息；以及，用于接收来自终端的路线信息；处理单元910用于根据所述第一信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个接入网设备中确定第二接入网设备；收发单元920还用于向所述第二接入网设备发送切换请求，所述切换请求用于请求将所述终端从该接入网设备切换到所述第二接入网设备。
可选地，收发单元920还用于接收来自第二网络设备的切换请求响应。
可选地，收发单元920还用于向所述终端发送条件切换配置，所述条件切换配置包含至少一个候选小区的信息，以及所述终端确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中的部分或全部候选小区由所述第二接入网设备管理。
可选地，收发单元920用于从OAM接收所述第一信息。
可选地，收发单元920用于从OAM接收所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息，以及，分别从所述至少一个接入网设备接收所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息。
可选地，处理单元910用于根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动方向；根据所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息，确定位于所述终端的移动方向上的一个或多个候选接入网设备；在所述候选接入网设备中确定所述第二接入网设备。
可选地，处理单元910用于根据所述路线信息确定所述终端的移动路径；根据所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息，确定所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖范围；将覆盖范围与所述终端的移动路径重合的接入网设备确定为所述第二接入网设备。
在一个实施方式中，当该通信装置用于接入网设备时，该接入网设备可以作为终端切换过程中的目标站或者候选目标站。收发单元920用于接收来自第一接入网设备的切换请求，所述切换请求用于请求将终端从所述第一接入网设备切换到该接入网设备，其中，该接入网设备与所述第一接入网设备相邻，该接入网设备由所述第一接入网设备根据第一信息以及所述终端的路线信息确定，其中，所述第一信息包括与所述第一接入网设备相邻的至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息。
可选地，收发单元920还用于向所述第一网络设备发送切换请求响应。有关上述实施方式中接入网设备侧的通信装置的各个单元执行的功能的更详细的描述可以参考前述图3-图6方法实施例中第一基站或第二基站执行的步骤的介绍。
在一个实施方式中，当该通信装置用于接入网设备时，该接入网设备可以作为UE切换过程中的目标站或者候选目标站。收发单元920用于获取该接入网设备的覆盖信息，以及用于接收来自第二接入网设备的切换请求，所述切换请求包括终端的路线信息，所述切换请求用于所述请求将终端从所述第二接入网设备切换到所述第一接入网设备；处理单元910用于根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为所述终端提供通信服务；当所述第一接入网设备确定能够为所述终端提供通信服务；收发单元920还用于向所述第二网络设备发送切换请求响应。
可选地，处理单元910还用于当所述终端根据条件切换配置确定切换到所述第一接入网设备管理的第一候选小区时，与所述终端进行时间同步；其中，所述条件切换配置包括至少一个候选小区的信息，以及所述终端确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中的部分或全部候选小区由所述第一接入网设备管理。
可选地，收发单元920还用于当所述接入网设备确定不能够为所述终端提供通信服务，向所述第二网络设备发送用于指示不能够向所述终端提供通信服务的指示信息。
可选地，收发单元920用于从OAM接收所述覆盖信息。
可选地，收发单元920还用于从OAM或者所述第二接入网设备接收更新的覆盖信息。
可选地，处理单元910用于根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动方向，并且，根据所述覆盖信息，确定所述接入网设备是否位于所述终端的移动方向上。
可选地，处理单元910用于根据所述覆盖信息确定所述接入网设备的覆盖范围，并且根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端是否将经过所述接入网设备的覆盖范围。
在一个实施方式中，当该通信装置用于接入网设备时，该接入网设备可以作为终端切换过程中的源站。收发单元920用于向第一接入网设备发送切换请求，所述切换请求包括终端的路线信息，所述切换请求用于所述请求将终端从所述第二接入网设备切换到所述第一接入网设备；以及，当所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息确定能够为所述终端提供通信服务，收发单元920还用于接收来自所述第一网络设备的切换请求响应。
可选地，收发单元920还用于当所述接入网设备确定不能够为所述终端提供通信服务，从所述第一接入网设备接收用于指示所述第一接入网设备不能够向所述终端提供通信服务的指示信息。
可选地，收发单元920用于向所述第一接入网设备发送所述覆盖信息。
有关上述实施方式中接入网设备侧的通信装置的各个单元执行的功能的更详细的描述可以参考前述图7-图8方法实施例中第二基站或第一基站执行的步骤的介绍。
在一个实施方式中，当该通信装置用于终端时，收发单元920用于向第一接入网设备发送路线信息，用于第一接入网设备确定第二接入网设备作为终端切换的目标站或者候选目标站。可选地，该终端是UAV。
有关上述实施方式中终端侧的通信装置的各个单元执行的功能的更详细的描述可以参考前述图3-图8方法实施例中UE执行的步骤的介绍。
应理解以上装置中单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。例如，上述收发单元920可以分为接收单元以及发送单元。当该通信装置900为接入网侧的通信装置时，收发单元920还可以分为与终端通信的第一收发单元以及与例如基站或OAM等其他网络设备通信的第二收发单元。
以上装置中的单元可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元以硬件的形式实现。例如，各个单元可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在装置的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于存储器中，由装置的某一个处理元件调用并执行该单元的功能。此外这些单元全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理元件又可以成为处理器，可以是一种具有信号的处理能力的集成电路。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤或以上各个单元可以通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路实现或者以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现。
在一个例子中，以上任一装置中的单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。再如，当装置中的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。
以上用于接收的单元(例如通信单元)是一种该装置的接口电路，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该接收单元是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号的接口电路。以上用于发送的单元(例如发送单元或通信单元)是一种该装置的接口电路，用于向其它装置发送信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该发送单元是该芯片用于向其它芯片或装置发送信号的接口电路。
在又一种实现中，本申请实施例中提供的通信装置可以包括至少一个处理元件和接口电路，其中至少一个处理元件用于执行以上方法实施例所提供的任一种切换方法。处理元件可以以第一种方式：即调用存储元件存储的程序的方式执行终端或网络设备执行的部分或全部步骤；也可以以第二种方式：即通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路结合指令的方式执行终端或网络设备执行的部分或全部步骤；当然，也可以结合第一种方式和第二种方式执行终端或网络设备执行的部分或全部步骤。可以理解的是，接口电路可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，该通信装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储上述一个处理元件执行的指令或存储处理元件运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理元件运行指令后产生的数据。
这里的处理元件同以上描述，可以是通用处理器，例如CPU，还可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个微处理器DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA等，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。存储元件可以是一个存储器，也可以是多个存储元件的统称。
请参考图10，其为本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图。该网络设备可以是基站等接入网设备，用于执行以上方法实施例提供的切换方法。如图10所示，该网络设备包括：天线1010、射频装置1020、基带装置1030。天线1010与射频装置1020连接。在上行 方向上，射频装置1020通过天线1010接收终端发送的信息，将终端发送的信息发送给基带装置1030进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置1030对终端的信息进行处理，并发送给射频装置1020，射频装置1020对终端的信息进行处理后经过天线1010发送给终端。
基带装置1030可以包括一个或多个处理元件1031，例如，包括一个主控CPU和其它集成电路。此外，该基带装置1030还可以包括存储元件1032和接口1033，存储元件1032用于存储程序和数据；接口1033用于与射频装置1020交互信息，该接口例如为通用公共无线接口(common public radio interface，CPRI)。以上用于网络设备的装置可以位于基带装置1030，例如，以上用于网络设备的装置可以为基带装置1030上的芯片，该芯片包括至少一个处理元件和接口电路，其中处理元件用于执行以上方法实施例提供的任一种切换方法中第一基站或第二基站执行的各个步骤，接口电路用于与其它装置通信。在一种实现中，网络设备实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现，例如用于网络设备的装置包括处理元件和存储元件，处理元件调用存储元件存储的程序，以执行以上任一方法实施例提供的切换方法。存储元件可以为处理元件处于同一芯片上的存储元件，即片内存储元件，也可以为与处理元件处于不同芯片上的存储元件，即片外存储元件。
请参考图11，其为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图。该终端用于实现以上方法实施例提供的切换方法。如图11所示，该终端包括：天线1110、射频部分1120、信号处理部分1130。天线1110与射频部分1120连接。在下行方向上，射频部分1120通过天线1110接收网络设备发送的信息，将网络设备发送的信息发送给信号处理部分1130进行处理。在上行方向上，信号处理部分1130对终端的信息进行处理，并发送给射频部分1120，射频部分1120对终端的信息进行处理后经过天线1110发送给网络设备。
信号处理部分1130用于实现对数据各通信协议层的处理。信号处理部分1130可以为该终端的一个子系统，则该终端还可以包括其它子系统，例如中央处理子系统，用于实现对终端操作系统以及应用层的处理；再如，周边子系统用于实现与其它设备的连接。信号处理部分1130可以为单独设置的芯片。可选的，以上的装置可以位于信号处理部分1130。
信号处理部分1130可以包括一个或多个处理元件1131，例如，包括一个主控CPU和其它集成电路。此外，该信号处理部分1130还可以包括存储元件1132和接口电路1133。存储元件1132用于存储数据和程序，用于执行以上方法中终端所执行的方法的程序可能存储，也可能不存储于该存储元件1132中，例如，存储于信号处理部分1130之外的存储器中，使用时信号处理部分1130加载该程序到缓存中进行使用。接口电路1133用于与装置通信。以上装置可以位于信号处理部分1130，该信号处理部分1130可以通过芯片实现，该芯片包括至少一个处理元件和接口电路，其中处理元件用于执行以上方法实施例提供的任一种切换方法中终端执行的各个步骤，接口电路用于与其它装置通信。在一种实现中，实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现，例如该装置包括处理元件和存储元件，处理元件调用存储元件存储的程序，以执行以上方法实施例提供的任一种切换方法。存储元件可以为处理元件处于同一芯片上的存储元件，即片内存储元件。
在另一种实现中，用于执行以上终端或网络设备所执行的方法的程序可以在与处理元件处于不同芯片上的存储元件，即片外存储元件。此时，处理元件从片外存储元件调用或加载程序于片内存储元件上，以调用并执行以上方法实施例中的任一种切换方法。
在又一种实现中，终端或网络设备实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以是被配置成一个 或多个处理元件，这里的处理元件可以为集成电路，例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA，或者这些类集成电路的组合。这些集成电路可以集成在一起，构成芯片。
实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现，该SOC芯片，用于实现以上方法。该芯片内可以集成至少一个处理元件和存储元件，由处理元件调用存储元件的存储的程序的形式实现以上终端或网络设备执行的方法；或者，该芯片内可以集成至少一个集成电路，用于实现以上终端或网络设备执行的方法；或者，可以结合以上实现方式，部分单元的功能通过处理元件调用程序的形式实现，部分单元的功能通过集成电路的形式实现。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，包括第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备，其中，第一接入网设备可以执行以上方法实施例提供的任一种切换方法中第一基站执行的各个步骤，以及，第二接入网设备可以执行以上方法实施例提供的任一种切换方法中第二基站执行的各个步骤。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请实施例中所述的资源也可以称为传输资源，包括时域资源、频域资源、码道资源中的一种或多种，可以用于在上行通信过程或者下行通信过程中承载数据或信令。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。
应理解，在本发明实施例中，“与A对应的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
本申请实施例中出现的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
本申请实施例中出现的第一、第二等描述，仅作示意与区分描述对象之用，没有次序之分，也不表示本申请实施例中对描述的对象个数的特别限定，不能构成对本申请实施例的任何限制。
本申请实施例中出现的“传输”(transmit/transmission)如无特别说明，是指双向传输，包含发送和/或接收的动作。具体地，本申请实施例中的“传输”包含数据的发送，数据的接收，或者数据的发送和数据的接收。或者说，这里的数据传输包括上行和/或下行数据传输。数据可以包括信息和/或信号，上行数据传输即上行信息和/或上行信号传输，下行数据传输即下行信息和/或下行信号传输。
本申请的各个实施例中的内容可以相互参考，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
可以理解的，本申请实施例中，终端和/或网络设备可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全 部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例中，还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。

Claims (42)

  1. 一种切换方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入网设备获取第一信息，所述第一信息包括与所述第一接入网设备相邻的至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息；
    所述第一接入网设备接收来自终端的路线信息；
    所述第一接入网设备根据所述第一信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个接入网设备中确定第二接入网设备；
    所述第一接入网设备向所述第二接入网设备发送切换请求，所述切换请求用于请求将所述终端从所述第一接入网设备切换到所述第二接入网设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还包括所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个接入网设备中的任意一个接入网设备的覆盖信息包括所述接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述接入网设备管理的小区的覆盖范围信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端为无人机终端，所述路线信息包括所述无人机终端的飞行路径。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入网设备接收来自所述第二网络设备的切换请求响应。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述切换请求响应中包含用指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二接入网设备为所述终端提供通信服务的可能性。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入网设备向所述终端发送条件切换配置，所述条件切换配置包含至少一个候选小区的信息，以及所述终端确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中的部分或全部候选小区由所述第二接入网设备管理。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备获取第一信息包括：
    所述第一接入网设备从运行管理和维护OAM接收所述第一信息。
  9. 根据权利要求2-7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备获取第一信息包括：
    所述第一接入网设备从OAM接收所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息，以及
    所述第一接入网设备分别从所述至少一个接入网设备接收所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入网设备从所述OAM接收更新的所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息；
    所述第一接入网设备将更新的所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息分别发送给所述至少一个接入网设备。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个接入网设备中确定第二接入网设备包括：
    根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动方向；
    根据所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息，确定位于所述终端的移动方向上的一个或多个候选接入网设备；
    在所述候选接入网设备中确定所述第二接入网设备。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，在所述至少一个接入网设备中确定第二接入网设备包括：
    根据所述路线信息确定所述终端的移动路径；
    根据所述至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息，确定覆盖范围与所述终端的移动路径重合的接入网设备确定为所述第二接入网设备。
  13. 一种切换方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二接入网设备接收来自第一接入网设备的切换请求，所述切换请求用于请求将终端从所述第一接入网设备切换到所述第二接入网设备，
    其中，所述第二接入网设备与所述第一接入网设备相邻，所述第二接入网设备由所述第一接入网设备根据第一信息以及所述终端的路线信息确定，其中，所述第一信息包括与所述第一接入网设备相邻的至少一个接入网设备的覆盖信息。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述第二接入网设备向所述第一网络设备发送切换请求响应。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述切换请求响应中包含用指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二接入网设备为所述终端提供通信服务的可能性。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还包括所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息包括所述第一接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述第一接入网设备管理的小区的覆盖范围信息。
  18. 根据权利要求13-17任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个接入网设备中的任意一个接入网设备的覆盖信息包括所述接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述接入网设备管理的小区的覆盖范围信息。
  19. 根据权利要求13-18任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端为无人机终端，所述路线信息包括所述无人机终端的飞行路径。
  20. 一种切换方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入网设备获取所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息；
    所述第一接入网设备接收来自第二接入网设备的切换请求，所述切换请求包括终端的路线信息，所述切换请求用于所述请求将终端从所述第二接入网设备切换到所述第一接入网设备；
    所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为所述终端提供通信服务；
    当所述第一接入网设备确定能够为所述终端提供通信服务，所述第一接入网设备向所述第二网络设备发送切换请求响应。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述终端根据条件切换配置确定切换到所述第一接入网设备管理的第一候选小区时，所述第一接入网设备与所述终端进行时间同步；
    其中，所述条件切换配置包括至少一个候选小区的信息，以及所述终端确定切换到所述至少一个候选小区中的任意一个候选小区所满足的条件，所述至少一个候选小区中的部分或全部候选小区由所述第一接入网设备管理。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述第一接入网设备确定不能够为所述终端提供通信服务，所述第一接入网设备向所述第二网络设备发送用于指示不能够向所述终端提供通信服务的指示信息。
  23. 根据权利要求19-22任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入网设备获取覆盖信息包括：所述第一接入网设备从运行管理和维护OAM接收所述覆盖信息。
  24. 根据权利要求19-23任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为所述终端提供通信服务包括：
    根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动方向，并且，根据所述覆盖信息，确定所述第一接入网设备是否位于所述终端的移动方向上。
  25. 根据权利要求19-23任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息，确定是否能够为所述终端提供通信服务包括：
    根据所述覆盖信息确定所述第一接入网设备的覆盖范围，并且根据所述路线信息，确定所述终端的移动路径是否与所述第一接入网设备的覆盖范围重合。
  26. 根据权利要求19-25任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息包括：所述第一接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述第一接入网设备管理的小区的方向信息以及覆盖信息。
  27. 根据权利要求19-26任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端为无人机终端，所述路线信息包括所述无人机终端的飞行路径。
  28. 一种切换方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送切换请求，所述切换请求包括终端的路线信息， 所述切换请求用于所述请求将终端从所述第二接入网设备切换到所述第一接入网设备；
    当所述第一接入网设备根据所述覆盖信息以及所述路线信息确定能够为所述终端提供通信服务，所述第二接入网设备接收来自所述第一网络设备的切换请求响应。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：当所述第一接入网设备确定不能够为所述终端提供通信服务，从所述第一接入网设备接收用于指示所述第一接入网设备不能够向所述终端提供通信服务的指示信息。
  30. 根据权利要求28或29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述第二接入网设备向所述第一接入网设备发送所述覆盖信息。
  31. 根据权利要求28-30任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备的覆盖信息包括所述第一接入网设备的位置信息，和/或，所述第一接入网设备管理的小区的方向信息以及覆盖信息。
  32. 根据权利要求28-31任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端为无人机终端，所述路线信息包括所述无人机终端的飞行路径。
  33. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1-12任一所述方法的单元或模块。
  34. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求13-19任一所述方法的单元或模块。
  35. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求20-27任一所述方法的单元或模块。
  36. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求28-32任一所述方法的单元或模块。
  37. 一种通信装置，包括处理器，其特征在于，所述处理器用于执行如权利要求1-12任一所述的方法。
  38. 一种通信装置，包括处理器，其特征在于，所述处理器用于执行如权利要求13-19任一所述的方法。
  39. 一种通信装置，包括处理器，其特征在于，所述处理器用于执行如权利要求20-27任一所述的方法。
  40. 一种通信装置，包括处理器，其特征在于，所述处理器用于执行如权利要求28-32任一所述的方法。
  41. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被通信装置运行时，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-32中任一项所述的方法。
  42. 一种通信系统，包括第一接入网设备以及第二接入网设备，其中，所述第一接入网设备用于执行如权利要求1-12任一所述的方法，且所述第二接入网设备用于执行如权利要求13-19任一所述的方法；或者，
    所述第一接入网设备用于执行如权利要求20-27任一所述的方法，且所述第二接入网设备用于执行如权利要求28-32任一所述的方法。
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CN108401520A (zh) * 2017-08-03 2018-08-14 北京小米移动软件有限公司 基站切换方法及装置
CN111866859A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-10-30 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法及装置
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