WO2020134260A1 - 一种磁性量子点及其制备方法、墨盒 - Google Patents

一种磁性量子点及其制备方法、墨盒 Download PDF

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WO2020134260A1
WO2020134260A1 PCT/CN2019/108621 CN2019108621W WO2020134260A1 WO 2020134260 A1 WO2020134260 A1 WO 2020134260A1 CN 2019108621 W CN2019108621 W CN 2019108621W WO 2020134260 A1 WO2020134260 A1 WO 2020134260A1
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magnetic
quantum dot
quantum dots
organic
quantum
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French (fr)
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罗植天
向超宇
张滔
朱佩
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TCL Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
    • C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
    • B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
    • B41J2/06—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by electric or magnetic field
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
    • B41J2/175—Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/54—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing zinc or cadmium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/74—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing arsenic, antimony or bismuth
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/88—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of quantum dots, in particular to a magnetic quantum dot, a preparation method thereof, and an ink cartridge.
  • Quantum dots are a special material that is limited to the order of nanometers in three dimensions. This significant quantum confinement effect makes quantum dots have many unique nano properties: continuously adjustable emission wavelength, narrow emission wavelength, Wide absorption spectrum, high luminous intensity, long fluorescence lifetime and good biocompatibility. These characteristics make quantum dots have broad application prospects in the fields of biomarkers, flat panel displays, solid-state lighting, photovoltaic solar energy and other fields.
  • each functional layer of the light-emitting element can be prepared by inkjet printing, evaporation and other methods.
  • the inkjet printing method has become a fast deposition rate, good uniformity, low equipment investment, and high material utilization.
  • One of the common methods for preparing quantum dot light-emitting diodes In the process of inkjet printing, the quantum dots in the ink used usually do not have some special properties, such as magnetism, and cannot be controlled by electromagnetic fields. When the ink is installed in the ink cartridge, it is necessary to adjust and compare its composition ratio. difficult.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a magnetic quantum dot, its preparation method, and an ink cartridge, aiming to solve the problem that the ink in the ink cartridge does not have Magnetic, the problem of ink composition is not easy to adjust.
  • a magnetic quantum dot wherein the magnetic quantum dot includes a magnetic nanoparticle core, a quantum dot layer coated on the outer surface of the magnetic nanoparticle core, and an organic shell layer coated on the outer surface of the quantum dot layer .
  • the magnetic quantum dots wherein the surfaces of the quantum dots constituting the quantum dot layer and the magnetic nanoparticles constituting the magnetic nanoparticle core are modified with organic ligands, the magnetic nanoparticle core and the quantum dots
  • the layers are combined by the organic ligand.
  • the magnetic quantum dot wherein the surface of the quantum dot layer facing the magnetic nanoparticle core is modified with organic ligands, and the surface of the quantum dot layer facing away from the magnetic nanoparticle core is modified with organic ligands, so The surface of the quantum dot layer facing away from the magnetic nanoparticle core is also modified with a surfactant, and the hydrophobic end of the surfactant is combined with a corresponding organic ligand.
  • the magnetic quantum dot wherein the surface of the quantum dot layer facing away from the magnetic nanoparticle core is modified with the organic ligand, and the surface of the quantum dot layer facing away from the magnetic nanoparticle core is also modified with surface activity Agent, the hydrophobic end of the surfactant binds to the corresponding organic ligand.
  • the organic shell material is one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol.
  • the organic ligand is a mercapto group-containing organic ligand.
  • the magnetic quantum dot wherein the magnetic nanoparticle core material is selected from at least one of Fe 3 O 4 , ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , CoFe 2 O 4 , NiFe 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 .
  • the hydrophilic end of the surfactant is combined with the organic shell layer on the outer surface of the quantum dot layer.
  • the magnetic quantum dots wherein the surfactant in the surfactant-containing aqueous solution is selected from tetradecyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and dodecyl trimethyl bromide One of ammonium chloride.
  • the organic ligand containing a mercapto group is selected from one or more of monothiol, dithiol, mercaptoalcohol, mercaptoamine and mercapto acid.
  • a preparation method of magnetic quantum dots which comprises the steps of:
  • the micelle solution coated with the magnetic nanoparticle core by the quantum dot layer is mixed with the organic shell material to coat the outer surface of the quantum dot layer with the organic shell material to obtain the magnetic quantum dot.
  • the preparation method of the magnetic quantum dots wherein the surfactant in the surfactant-containing aqueous solution is selected from tetradecyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and dodecyl trimethyl One of the base ammonium bromide.
  • the method for preparing magnetic quantum dots wherein in the step, quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles are added to an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, and the quantum dots are coated on the outer surface of the magnetic nanoparticle core to obtain a quantum dot layer
  • the micellar solution coating the magnetic nanoparticle core specifically includes:
  • an inert gas is introduced to remove the organic solvent, so that the magnetic nanoparticle cores are agglomerated, and part of the surfactant on the surface of the quantum dots falls off to expose the organic ligands.
  • the ligand forms a solvophobic effect to obtain a micelle solution in which the quantum dot layer covers the magnetic nanoparticle core.
  • the method for preparing magnetic quantum dots wherein in the step, the micelle solution coated with the magnetic nanoparticle core by the quantum dot layer is mixed with an organic shell material to coat the quantum
  • the outer surface of the dot layer to obtain the magnetic quantum dot specifically includes:
  • the micelle solution coated with the magnetic nanoparticle core of the quantum dot layer is added to the solution containing the shell layer material, and the organic shell layer material is coated on the outer surface of the quantum dot layer to obtain the magnetic quantum dot.
  • the method for preparing magnetic quantum dots wherein the magnetic nanoparticle material is selected from at least one of Fe 3 O 4 , ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , CoFe 2 O 4 , NiFe 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 .
  • An ink cartridge includes an ink cartridge body and a nozzle, wherein an electromagnetic field generator is further provided between the ink cartridge body and the nozzle; the ink cartridge body contains ink, and the ink contains magnetic quantum dots and nonmagnetic quantum Dots; the magnetic quantum dots are produced by the above-mentioned magnetic quantum dots or the preparation method of the above magnetic quantum dots.
  • the quantum dots provided by the present disclosure are magnetically doped to have a certain magnetic property, and then the magnetic quantum dots are used in ink for inkjet printing, and the magnetic ink and the non-magnetic ink are injected In the same ink cartridge, by controlling the intensity of the electromagnetic field set at the nozzle of the ink cartridge, controlling the content of the magnetic ink in the ink, adjusting the composition of the ink, effectively improving the printing efficiency and the utilization rate of the ink cartridge.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a magnetic quantum dot of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic structural view of the organic ligands bound to the surface of quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles during the preparation of magnetic quantum dots of the present disclosure.
  • 2b is a schematic structural view of the quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles modified by DTAB in the process of preparing magnetic quantum dots of the present disclosure.
  • 2c is a schematic structural view of the process of forming QD-MNP-micelles by quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles in the process of preparing magnetic quantum dots of the present disclosure through the solvophobic action.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for preparing magnetic quantum dots of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the ink cartridge of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for automatic backlight adjustment.
  • the present disclosure will be described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.
  • the magnetic quantum dot includes a magnetic nanoparticle core 10 formed by magnetic agglomeration of a plurality of magnetic nanoparticles, and a quantum coated on the outer surface of the magnetic nanoparticle core
  • the dot layer 20 is an organic shell layer 30 covering the outer surface of the quantum dot layer.
  • the surfaces of the quantum dots constituting the quantum dot layer and the magnetic nanoparticles constituting the magnetic nanoparticle core are modified with organic ligands, and the magnetic nanoparticle core and the quantum dot layer pass through the organic ligands Combine.
  • magnetic nanoparticles with organic ligands on the surface and quantum dots are mixed and added to an aqueous solution containing a surfactant.
  • the selected magnetic nanoparticles will form magnetic nanoparticle cores due to magnetic agglomeration during stirring.
  • the formed magnetic nanoparticle cores and quantum dots form micelles under the action of a solvent.
  • a protective organic shell layer is coated on the outer layer of the micelle to obtain magnetic quantum dot ultra-nano particles.
  • the existing ordinary quantum dots are magnetic, which gives them new functions.
  • the quantum dots with organic ligands on the surface and the magnetic nanoparticles with organic ligands on the surface are modified with a surfactant, the modified quantum dots and the modified magnetic nanoparticles , Can be evenly dispersed in the aqueous solution, such as high-speed stirring or vibration, the modified quantum dots and the active agent on the surface of the modified magnetic nanoparticles are partially shed, the hydrophobic ligands on the surface of the quantum dots, and the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles The water-repellent ligand is exposed, so that the hydrophobic ligand on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles and the hydrophobic portion of the quantum dot form micelles through the interaction between the ligands.
  • the micelle is coated with an organic material to form magnetic nanoparticles.
  • the surface of the quantum dot layer facing the magnetic nanoparticle core is modified with organic ligands, and the surface of the quantum dot layer facing away from the magnetic nanoparticle core has organic ligands, the quantum dots
  • the surface of the layer facing away from the magnetic nanoparticle core is also modified with a surfactant, and the hydrophobic end of the surfactant is combined with the corresponding organic ligand.
  • the material of the magnetic nanoparticle core is selected from ferrite particles, including but not limited to nanoscale superparamagnetic nanometer Fe 3 O 4 , ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , CoFe 2 O 4 , NiFe Any one of 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 .
  • the material of the magnetic nanoparticle core is selected from superparamagnetic nano Fe 3 O 4 (MNP).
  • the quantum dots constituting the quantum dot layer are core-shell quantum dots, and the materials of the quantum dot core are group II and group VI elements.
  • the group II elements include but are not limited to Zn, Cd, Hg, Cn, etc.; the group VI elements include but are not limited to O, S, Se, Te, Po, Lv, etc.
  • the quantum dots are CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots.
  • the organic shell material is polyvinylpyrrolidone. Since the quantum dot layer and the magnetic nanoparticle core are combined by the effect of a solvent, in order to make it stable, an organic shell layer is coated outside the quantum dot layer.
  • the surfactant in the surfactant-containing aqueous solution is selected from tetradecyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide kind of.
  • the solvophobic used in this disclosure functions as a surfactant.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing magnetic quantum dots, including the following steps:
  • the magnetic quantum dots prepared by the method disclosed in the present disclosure use magnetic nanoparticles as the core and coat a layer of quantum dots on the core, which does not affect the performance of the quantum dots, but also makes the quantum dots magnetic, and then in the quantum
  • the dot layer is coated with an organic layer to protect the quantum dot layer and enhance the stability of the particles.
  • organic ligands are bound to the surfaces of the quantum dots and the magnetic nanoparticles.
  • the ligands bound to the surfaces of the quantum dots and the magnetic nanoparticles may be the same or different, and the organic ligands are organic ligands containing thiol groups.
  • the mercapto group-containing organic ligand is selected from one or more of monothiol, dithiol, mercapto alcohol, mercaptoamine and mercapto acid.
  • the monothiol is selected from the group consisting of thiol, octyl mercaptan, nonyl mercaptan, decyl mercaptan, undecane thiol, dodecane thiol, tridecane thiol, tetradecane thiol, hexadecane thiol One or more of alcohol and octadecanethiol.
  • the material of the magnetic nanoparticles is selected from ferrite particles, including but not limited to nanoscale superparamagnetic nanometer Fe 3 O 4 , ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , CoFe 2 O 4 , NiFe 2 Any one of O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 .
  • the material of the magnetic nanoparticles is selected from superparamagnetic nano Fe 3 O 4 (MNP).
  • quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles are dissolved in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution;
  • the organic solvent includes but is not limited to chloroform, n-octane, n-hexane, and toluene .
  • the mixed solution in which quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles are dissolved is injected into an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, and the mixed solution and the aqueous solution are thoroughly mixed by relative motion by means of vortex stirring and vibration. In the process of relative motion, because the magnetic nanoparticles are magnetic, they will gather together due to the magnetic force after the relative motion to form a magnetic nanoparticle core.
  • the quantum dots and the magnetic The hydrophobic agent bound by the nanoparticle ligand will partly fall off, causing the hydrophobic surface ligand to be exposed. Because the solvent is water and the ligand is hydrophobic, the quantum dot will interact with the magnetic The nanoparticles are combined to coat the quantum dot layer on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticle core.
  • the magnetic nanoparticle core and the quantum dot are formed of micelles by the hydrophobic ligand on the surface of the quantum dot and the hydrophobic ligand on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticle core, and are blown into the solution at room temperature Inert gas, which may be nitrogen, argon, helium, etc.
  • Inert gas which may be nitrogen, argon, helium, etc.
  • the organic solvent was blown out to obtain a clear aqueous solution of quantum dot-magnetic nanoparticle core micelles.
  • an aqueous solution of the obtained quantum dots-magnetic nanoparticle core micelles is used.
  • the stirring speed is 600-800 rpm.
  • the organic material includes but is not limited to polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and the like.
  • the present disclosure also provides an ink cartridge. As shown in FIG. 4, it includes an ink cartridge body and a nozzle 100. An electromagnetic field generator 300 is also provided between the ink cartridge body and the nozzle; the ink cartridge body contains ink 200 The ink contains magnetic quantum dots and non-magnetic quantum dots; the magnetic quantum dots are the above-mentioned magnetic quantum dots or the magnetic quantum dots obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method. Among them, the purpose of the electromagnetic field generator is to provide a magnetic field as long as its intensity is controllable.
  • the ink cartridge contains two kinds of ink, wherein the magnetically-doped ink is represented by M, and the ordinary ink is represented by N.
  • red CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and nano-superparamagnetic nano-iron tetroxide are bound by Together, we get a clarified micelle aqueous solution of red CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and nano-superparamagnetic nano-iron tetroxide (red CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and nano-superparamagnetic nano-iron tetroxide form micelles
  • the process is shown in Figure 2c.
  • the DTAB in the middle of c indicates the falling DATB).
  • the micelle solution was rapidly injected into 5 ml of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in ethylene glycol (EG) solution at room temperature with a stirring speed of 700 rpm for 30 minutes, and the resulting magnetically doped core-shell structure was separated by centrifugation Red quantum dot ultra-nano particles.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • EG ethylene glycol
  • the blue and red printing in the same ink cartridge can be controlled by the magnetic field Quantum dots.
  • red CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and nano-superparamagnetic nano-iron tetroxide are bound by Together, a clear micelle aqueous solution of red CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and nano-superparamagnetic nano-iron tetroxide was obtained.
  • the micelle solution was quickly injected into 5 ml of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in ethylene glycol (EG) solution at room temperature with a stirring speed of 800 rpm for 30 minutes, and the resulting magnetically doped core-shell structure was separated by centrifugation Red quantum dot ultra-nano particles.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • EG ethylene glycol
  • Injecting magnetically-doped red quantum dots M and ordinary non-magnetic green quantum dots N into the ink cartridge provided by the present disclosure can control the printing of green and red quanta in the same ink cartridge by a magnetic field point.
  • red CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and nano-superparamagnetic nano-iron tetroxide are combined in Together, a clear micelle aqueous solution of red CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and nano-superparamagnetic nano-iron tetroxide was obtained.
  • the micelle solution was rapidly injected into 5 ml of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in ethylene glycol (EG) solution at room temperature with a stirring speed of 600 rpm for 30 minutes, and the resulting magnetically doped core-shell structure was separated by centrifugation Red quantum dot ultra-nano particles.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • EG ethylene glycol
  • Injecting magnetically-doped green quantum dots M and ordinary non-magnetic blue quantum dots N into the ink cartridge provided by the present disclosure can control blue and green printing in the same ink cartridge by a magnetic field Quantum dots.
  • the quantum dots provided by the present disclosure have magnetic properties, which can be prepared into inks of different colors according to actual needs, and the resulting inks also have certain magnetic properties, which are mixed with ordinary inks and injected into the ink cartridges of the present disclosure
  • the intensity of the electromagnetic field provided at the nozzle of the ink cartridge controlling the content of the magnetic ink in the output ink, and adjusting the composition of the output ink, the printing efficiency and the utilization rate of the ink cartridge are effectively improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种磁性量子点，该磁性量子点包括磁性纳米颗粒核（10），包覆在磁性纳米颗粒核外表面的量子点层（20），包覆在量子点层外表面的有机壳层（30）。磁性量子点的制备方法为将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中，得到量子点层（20）包覆磁性纳米颗粒核（10）的胶束溶液，再将胶束溶液与有机壳层（30）材料混合，得到磁性量子点。将磁性量子点根据需要制备成不同颜色的磁性墨水并与普通墨水混合注入到墨盒中，该墨盒包括本体、喷嘴和设置在本体与喷嘴之间的电磁场发生器，通过控制电磁场的强度，控制所出墨水中磁性墨水的含量，调节所出墨水的成分，提高打印效率和墨盒利用率。

Description

一种磁性量子点及其制备方法、墨盒 技术领域
本公开涉及量子点技术领域，尤其涉及一种磁性量子点及其制备方法、墨盒。
背景技术
量子点是一种在三个维度尺寸上均被限制在纳米数量级的特殊材料，这种显著的量子限域效应使得量子点具有了诸多独特的纳米性质：发射波长连续可调、发光波长窄、吸收光谱宽、发光强度高、荧光寿命长以及生物相容性好等。这些特点使得量子点在生物标记、平板显示、固态照明、光伏太阳能等领域均具有广泛的应用前景。
目前在显示领域中，发光元件的各功能层可以采用喷墨打印、蒸镀等方法进行制备，喷墨打印方法因其沉积速度快、均匀性好、设备投资低，材料利用率高等优点，成为制备量子点发光二极管的常用方法之一。喷墨打印过程中，通常所用墨水中的量子点不具有某些特殊的性能比如说磁性，无法利用电磁场对其进行控制，当墨水装入墨盒以后，想要再对其成分比例再进行调节比较困难。
因此，现有技术还有待于改进和发展。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的不足，本公开的目的在于提供一种磁性量子点及其制备方法、墨盒，旨在解决现有技术中采用喷墨打印制备量子点发光二极管时，墨盒中的墨水不具有磁性，墨水成份不易调整的问题。
本公开的技术方案如下：
一种磁性量子点，其中，所述磁性量子点包括磁性纳米颗粒核，包覆在所述磁性纳米颗粒核外表面的量子点层，包覆在所述量子点层外表面的有机壳层。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，构成所述量子点层的量子点与构成所述磁性纳米颗粒核的磁性纳米颗粒的表面均修饰有有机配体，所述磁性纳米颗粒核与所述量子点层通过所 述有机配体相结合。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述量子点层朝向所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面修饰有有机配体，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面修饰有有机配体，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面还修饰有表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂的疏水端与对应的有机配体结合。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面修饰有所述有机配体，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面还修饰有表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂的疏水端与对应的有机配体结合。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述有机壳层材料为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇和聚乙二醇中的一种。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述有机配体为含巯基的有机配体。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述磁性纳米颗粒核材料选自Fe 3O 4、γ-Fe 2O 3、CoFe 2O 4、NiFe 2O 4和MnFe 2O 4中的至少一种。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述表面活性剂的亲水端与所述量子点层外表面的有机壳层结合。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述含表面活性剂的水溶液中表面活性剂选自十四烷基溴化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵中的一种。
所述的磁性量子点，其中，所述含巯基的有机配体选自一硫醇、二硫醇、巯基醇、巯基胺和巯基酸中的一种或多种。
一种磁性量子点的制备方法，其中，包括步骤：
将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中，混合使量子点包覆在磁性纳米颗粒核的外表面，得到量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液；
将所述量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液与有机壳层材料混合，使有机壳层材料包覆在所述量子点层外表面，得到所述磁性量子点。
所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其中，所述含表面活性剂的水溶液中表面活性剂选自十四烷基溴化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵中的一种。
所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其中，所述步骤将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中，混合使量子点包覆在磁性纳米颗粒核的外表面，得到量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液，具体包括：
将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒溶解在有机溶剂中，得到混合溶液；
将所述混合溶液加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中后使所述混合溶液和水溶液之间发生相对运动；
在相对运动过程中通入惰性气体除去有机溶剂，以使得磁性纳米颗粒核团聚，所述量子点表面的部分表面活性剂脱落暴露出有机配体，所述有机配体与磁性纳米颗粒表面的有机配体形成疏溶剂作用，得到量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液。
所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其中，所述步骤将所述量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液与有机壳层材料混合，使有机壳层材料包覆在所述量子点层外表面，得到所述磁性量子点，具体包括：
将所述量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液加入到含有机壳层材料溶液中，使有机壳层材料包覆在所述量子点层外表面，得到所述磁性量子点。
所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其中，所述磁性纳米颗粒材料选自Fe 3O 4、γ-Fe 2O 3、CoFe 2O 4、NiFe 2O 4和MnFe 2O 4中的至少一种。
一种墨盒，包括墨盒本体及喷嘴，其中，在所述墨盒本体与所述喷嘴之间还设有一电磁场发生器；所述墨盒本体内包含有墨水，所述墨水含有磁性量子点和非磁性量子点；所述磁性量子点为上述所述的磁性量子点或上述磁性量子点的制备方法制得。
有益效果：本公开所提供的量子点经过磁性掺杂使其带有一定的磁性，再将具有磁性的量子点用于喷墨打印的墨水中，将具有磁性的墨水和不具有磁性的墨水注入到同一个墨盒中，通过控制设置在墨盒喷嘴处电磁场的强度，控制所出墨水中具有磁性墨水的含量，调节所出墨水的成份，有效提高了打印效率和墨盒的利用率。
附图说明
图1为本公开磁性量子点一种具体实施方式的结构示意图。
图2a为本公开制备磁性量子点过程中，量子点与磁性纳米颗粒表面结合有机配体的结构示意图。
图2b为本公开制备磁性量子点过程中，量子点与磁性纳米颗粒经DTAB修饰后的结构示意图。
图2c为本公开制备磁性量子点过程中，量子点与磁性纳米颗粒经疏溶剂作用形成QD-MNP-胶束过程的结构示意图。
图3为本公开磁性量子点制备方法流程图。
图4为本公开墨盒的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本公开提供自动背光调节的方法，为使本公开的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下对本公开进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本公开，并不用于限定本公开。
本公开提供一种磁性量子点，如图1所示，所述磁性量子点包括由若干磁性纳米颗粒因磁性团聚形成的磁性纳米颗粒核10，包覆在所述磁性纳米颗粒核外表面的量子点层20，包覆在所述量子点层外表面的有机壳层30。其中，构成所述量子点层的量子点与构成所述磁性纳米颗粒核的磁性纳米颗粒的表面均修饰有有机配体，所述磁性纳米颗粒核与所述量子点层通过所述有机配体相结合。
本公开中将表面带有有机配体的磁性纳米颗粒以及量子点混合后加入到含表面活性剂水溶液中，选用的磁性的纳米颗粒，在搅拌中会因磁性团聚形成的磁性纳米颗粒核。形成的磁性纳米颗粒核与量子点在疏溶剂的作用下形成胶束。在所述的胶束外层包覆一层具有保护作用的有机壳层，即得到了具有磁性的量子点超纳米颗粒。将现有的普通量子点带有了磁性，赋予了量子点新的功能。
在一种或多种实施方式中，将表面带有有机配体的量子点以及表面带有有机配体的磁性纳米颗粒，经表面活性剂修饰，修饰后的量子点与修饰后的磁性纳米颗粒，能均匀分散在水溶液中，经过如高速搅拌或振动作用，使修饰后的量子点以及修饰后的磁性纳 米颗粒表面的活性剂发生部分脱落，量子点表面的憎水配体、磁性纳米颗粒表面的憎水配体外露，使磁性纳米颗粒表面的疏水配体与量子点疏水部分通过配体间的作用形成胶束。再用有机材料对所述胶束进行包覆，形成磁性纳米颗粒。所形成的磁性纳米颗粒中所述量子点层朝向所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面修饰有有机配体，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面有有机配体，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面还修饰有表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂的疏水端与对应的有机配体结合。
在一些实施方式中，所述磁性纳米颗粒核的材料选自铁氧体颗粒，包括但不限于纳米级的超顺磁纳米Fe 3O 4、γ-Fe 2O 3、CoFe 2O 4、NiFe 2O 4和MnFe 2O 4中的任一种。所述磁性纳米颗粒核的材料选自超顺磁纳米Fe 3O 4(MNP)。
在一些实施方式中，构成所述量子点层的量子点为核壳量子点，所述量子点核的材料为II族和VI族元素。所述II族元素包括但不限于Zn、Cd、Hg、Cn等；所述VI族元素包括但不限于O、S、Se、Te、Po、Lv等。作为举例所述量子点为CdSe-CdS核壳量子点。
在一些实施方式中，所述有机壳层材料为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。由于量子点层与磁性纳米颗粒核之间是依靠疏溶剂作用结合在一起的，为了使其稳定的存在，在量子点层外再包覆一层有机壳层。
在一些实施方式中，所述含表面活性剂的水溶液中表面活性剂选自十四烷基溴化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵中的一种。本公开中所用的疏溶剂起表面活性剂的作用。
如图3所示，本公开还提供一种磁性量子点的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S100、将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中，混合使量子点包覆在磁性纳米颗粒核的外表面，得到量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液；
S200、将所述量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液与有机壳层材料混合，使有机壳层材料包覆在所述量子点层外表面，得到所述磁性量子点。
采用本公开所述方法制备得到的磁性量子点，以磁性纳米颗粒作为核，在核外包覆一层量子点层，既不影响量子点的性能，又使得量子点带有磁性，再在量子点层外包覆 一层有机层对量子点层进行保护，增强了颗粒的稳定性。
在一些实施方式中，所述磁性量子点的制备方法，所述量子点、磁性纳米颗粒的表面均结合有有机配体。结合在所述量子点与磁性纳米颗粒表面的配体可以相同也可以不同，所述有机配体为含巯基的有机配体。优选的，所述含巯基的有机配体选自一硫醇、二硫醇、巯基醇、巯基胺和巯基酸中的一种或多种。进一步优选的，所述的一硫醇选自己硫醇、辛硫醇、壬硫醇、癸硫醇、十一硫醇、十二硫醇、十三硫醇、十四硫醇、十六硫醇和十八硫醇中的一种或多种。
在一些实施方式中，所述磁性纳米颗粒的材料选自铁氧体颗粒，包括但不限于纳米级的超顺磁纳米Fe 3O 4、γ-Fe 2O 3、CoFe 2O 4、NiFe 2O 4和MnFe 2O 4中的任一种。所述磁性纳米颗粒的材料选自超顺磁纳米Fe 3O 4(MNP)。
在一些实施方式中，所述磁性量子点的制备方法，将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒溶解在有机溶剂中，得到混合溶液；所述有机溶剂包括但不限于氯仿、正辛烷、正己烷以及甲苯。将溶解有量子点和磁性纳米颗粒的混合溶液注入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中，采用涡旋搅拌、振动等方式将混合溶液和水溶液发生相对运动彻底混合。在相对运动的过程中，因磁性纳米颗粒自身带有磁性，在相对运动后部分会因为磁力的作用而聚集在一起从而形成了磁性纳米颗粒核，同时在相对运动的过程中，量子点与磁性纳米颗粒配体结合的疏水剂会有部分脱落，导致憎水的表面配体裸露，因其溶剂为水，而配体是憎水的，所以在受到疏溶剂作用的影响，量子点会与磁性纳米颗粒结合，从而在形成磁性纳米颗粒核的表面包覆量子点层。
在一些实施方式中，所述磁性量子点的制备方法，磁性纳米颗粒核与量子点由量子点表面疏水配体与磁性纳米颗粒核表面的疏水配体形成胶束，在室温下向溶液中吹惰性气体，所述惰性气体可以为氮气、氩气、氦气等。将有机溶剂出吹，得到的是澄清的量子点-磁性纳米颗粒核胶束的水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，，所述磁性量子点的制备方法，将所得到的量子点-磁性纳米颗粒核胶束的水溶液。在室温下混合，一种示例中，混合过程中加以搅拌，例如搅拌速度为600-800rpm，快速的注入到含有机材料的溶剂中，搅拌后离心分离得到有机壳层包覆 量子点层和磁性纳米颗粒核的颗粒。所述有机材料包括但不限于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，聚乙烯醇，聚乙二醇等。
本公开还提供了一种墨盒，如图4所示，包括墨盒本体及喷嘴100，在所述墨盒本体与所述喷嘴之间还设有一电磁场发生器300；所述墨盒本体内包含有墨水200,所述墨水含有磁性量子点和非磁性量子点；所述磁性量子点为上述所述的磁性量子点或采用上述所述的制备方法得到的磁性量子点。其中，所述电磁场发生器，目的是提供一个磁场，只要其强度可控即可。
下面通过具体实施例，对本公开作进一步的解释说明。
下述实施例中所述墨盒中包含两种墨水，其中磁性掺杂的墨水用M表示，普通墨水用N表示。
实施例1
将含有4mg红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点和6mg纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁(MNP)(量子点、磁性纳米颗粒结合有有机配体，如图2a所示，1表示CdSe-CdS核壳量子点、2表示磁性纳米颗粒、3表示有机配体)的1ml氯仿溶液注入1ml十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)水溶液(20mg/ml在超纯水中)，(QDs以及MNPs经修饰后，如图2b所示，4表示DTAB)。通过涡旋搅拌将溶液彻底混合5秒。通过在室温下吹Ar从混合物中除去氯仿，红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点与纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁之间通过疏溶剂(十二烷基三甲基溴化铵)作用结合在一起，得到澄清的红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点与纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁的胶束水溶液(红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点与纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁形成胶束的过程如图2c所示，c中间的DTAB示意脱落的DATB)。
将该胶束溶液以700rpm的搅拌速度在室温下快速注入到5ml聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的乙二醇(EG)溶液中搅拌30分钟，通过离心分离所得的具有核壳结构的磁掺杂的红色量子点超纳米颗粒。
将磁掺杂的红色量子点M与普通的不带磁性的蓝色量子点N同时注入到本公开所提供的的墨盒中，即可通过磁场来控制在同一个墨盒中打印出蓝色和红色的量子点。
实施例2
将含有4mg红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点和6mg纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁(MNP)的1ml氯仿溶液注入1ml十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)水溶液(20mg/ml在超纯水中)。通过涡旋搅拌将溶液彻底混合5秒。通过在室温下吹Ar从混合物中除去氯仿，红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点与纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁之间通过疏溶剂(十二烷基三甲基溴化铵)作用结合在一起，得到澄清的红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点与纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁的胶束水溶液。
将该胶束溶液以800rpm的搅拌速度在室温下快速注入到5ml聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的乙二醇(EG)溶液中搅拌30分钟，通过离心分离所得的具有核壳结构的磁掺杂的红色量子点超纳米颗粒。
将磁掺杂的红色量子点M与普通的不带磁性的绿色量子点N同时注入到本公开所提供的的墨盒中，即可通过磁场来控制在同一个墨盒中打印出绿色和红色的量子点。
实施例3
将含有4mg绿色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点和6mg纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁(MNP)的1ml氯仿溶液注入1ml十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)水溶液(20mg/ml在超纯水中)。通过涡旋搅拌将溶液彻底混合5秒。通过在室温下吹Ar从混合物中除去氯仿，红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点与纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁之间通过疏溶剂(十二烷基三甲基溴化铵)作用结合在一起，得到澄清的红色CdSe-CdS核壳量子点与纳米超顺磁纳米四氧化三铁的胶束水溶液。
将该胶束溶液以600rpm的搅拌速度在室温下快速注入到5ml聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的乙二醇(EG)溶液中搅拌30分钟，通过离心分离所得的具有核壳结构的磁掺杂的红色量子点超纳米颗粒。
将磁掺杂的绿色量子点M与普通的不带磁性的蓝色量子点N同时注入到本公开所提供的的墨盒中，即可通过磁场来控制在同一个墨盒中打印出蓝色和绿色的量子点。
综上所述，本公开提供的量子点具有磁性，将其根据实际需要制备成不同颜色的墨水，所得到的墨水也具有一定的磁性，将其与普通的墨水进行混合注入到本公开的墨盒中，通过控制设置在墨盒喷嘴处电磁场的强度，控制所出墨水中具有磁性墨水的含量， 调节所出墨水的成份，有效提高了打印效率和墨盒的利用率。
应当理解的是，本公开的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本公开所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述磁性量子点包括磁性纳米颗粒核，包覆在所述磁性纳米颗粒核外表面的量子点层，包覆在所述量子点层外表面的有机壳层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，构成所述量子点层的量子点与构成所述磁性纳米颗粒核的磁性纳米颗粒的表面均修饰有有机配体，所述磁性纳米颗粒核与所述量子点层通过所述有机配体相结合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面修饰有所述有机配体，所述量子点层背离所述磁性纳米颗粒核的表面还修饰有表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂的疏水端与对应的有机配体结合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述有机壳层材料为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇和聚乙二醇中的一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述有机配体为含巯基的有机配体。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述磁性纳米颗粒核材料选自Fe 3O 4、γ-Fe 2O 3、CoFe 2O 4、Ni Fe 2O 4和Mn Fe 2O 4中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂的亲水端与所述量子点层外表面的有机壳层结合。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述含表面活性剂的水溶液中表面活性剂选自十四烷基溴化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵中的一种。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的磁性量子点，其特征在于，所述含巯基的有机配体选自一硫醇、二硫醇、巯基醇、巯基胺和巯基酸中的一种或多种。
  10. 一种磁性量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：
    将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中，混合使量子点包覆在磁性纳米颗粒核的外表面，得到量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液；
    将所述量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液与有机壳层材料混合，使有机壳层材料包覆在所述量子点层外表面，得到所述磁性量子点。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，所述含表面活性剂的水溶液中表面活性剂选自十四烷基溴化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵中的一种。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中，混合使量子点包覆在磁性纳米颗粒核的外表面，得到量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液，具体包括：
    将量子点和磁性纳米颗粒溶解在有机溶剂中，得到混合溶液；
    将所述混合溶液加入到含表面活性剂的水溶液中后使所述混合溶液和水溶液之间发生相对运动；
    在相对运动过程中通入惰性气体除去有机溶剂，以使得磁性纳米颗粒核团聚，所述量子点表面的部分表面活性剂脱落暴露出有机配体，所述有机配体与磁性纳米颗粒表面的有机配体形成疏溶剂作用，得到量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤将所述量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液与有机壳层材料混合，使有机壳层材料包覆在所述量子点层外表面，得到所述磁性量子点，具体包括：
    将所述量子点层包覆磁性纳米颗粒核的胶束溶液加入到含有机壳层材料溶液中，使有机壳层材料包覆在所述量子点层外表面，得到所述磁性量子点。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述磁性量子点的制备方法，其特征在于，所述磁性纳米颗粒材料选自Fe 3O 4、γ-Fe 2O 3、CoFe 2O 4、Ni Fe 2O 4和Mn Fe 2O 4中的至少一种。
  15. 一种墨盒，包括墨盒本体及喷嘴，其特征在于，在所述墨盒本体与所述喷嘴之间还设有一电磁场发生器；所述墨盒本体内包含有墨水，所述墨水含有磁性量子点和非磁性量子点；所述磁性量子点为权利要求1-9所述的磁性量子点或权利要求10-14任意一种磁性量子点的制备方法制得。
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