WO2020133911A1 - 前盖的加工方法、前盖和发声装置 - Google Patents

前盖的加工方法、前盖和发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133911A1
WO2020133911A1 PCT/CN2019/089452 CN2019089452W WO2020133911A1 WO 2020133911 A1 WO2020133911 A1 WO 2020133911A1 CN 2019089452 W CN2019089452 W CN 2019089452W WO 2020133911 A1 WO2020133911 A1 WO 2020133911A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
front cover
flange
metal sheet
flanging
metal plate
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PCT/CN2019/089452
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李�杰
李军
周武强
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020133911A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133911A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
    • H04R2231/001—Moulding aspects of diaphragm or surround

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of sound energy conversion, in particular to a processing method of a front cover, a front cover and a sound emitting device.
  • the front cover and the diaphragm in the sound-generating device are adhered and fixed by an adhesive.
  • a large amount of glue is applied on the front cover.
  • glue that overflows from the inside of the pressing surface of the front cover and the case will drip to the fold of the diaphragm, and Part of the diaphragm folding ring is stuck, which affects the vibration performance of the diaphragm, resulting in the generation of noise.
  • a step is usually formed on the lower surface of the front cover, that is, the edge of the front cover is thickened, so that the edge and center of the front cover The position is staggered.
  • the excess glue will flow along the inner side of the edge to the center.
  • a thicker plate is generally used to stretch and thin the center portion, but since the center portion is larger than the edge portion, it occupies a larger proportion of the front cover (accounting for the entire More than 90% of the front cover area), which means that the area that needs to be thinned is large, and in order to ensure strength, the front cover is generally formed of a metal plate with greater hardness, which is not conducive to being stretched and thinned, making the edge
  • the thickness of the part is smaller than that of the center part, that is, the deviation between the two is not obvious, and the drainage effect of the adhesive is poor.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to propose a processing method of the front cover, which aims to better realize the thickness increase of the edge portion of the front cover.
  • the processing method of the front cover proposed by the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the metal sheet has an upper surface and a lower surface, the flange is formed on the side where the lower surface is located;
  • the step of pressing the flanging from the lower surface to the upper surface specifically includes:
  • a positioning member is provided on the metal plate, and the positioning member is located inside the flanging;
  • the flanging is pressed from the lower surface to the upper surface, so that the inner side of the flanged after pressing deformation abuts the positioning member, and the flanging and the metal sheet are stacked to form the The edge of the metal plate.
  • the flanging is formed by once bending the outer edge of the metal plate, and the bending angle of the flanging is 90°.
  • the method further includes:
  • the top of the flange is bent toward the outside of the metal sheet to form an edge portion.
  • the method before the step of bending the outer edge of the metal plate to form a flange, the method further includes:
  • the step of punching a metal plate to form a sound hole specifically includes:
  • the sound hole is formed by punching holes in the convex hull.
  • the thickness of the convex hull and the connecting portion are greater than or equal to 0.15 mm, and the thickness of the edge portion is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm.
  • the method further includes:
  • the edge portion is punched to form a positioning hole.
  • the method further includes:
  • the edge portion is cut.
  • the invention also proposes a front cover made by the processing method of the front cover as described above.
  • the invention also proposes a sound-generating device.
  • the sound-generating device includes a housing, a front cover, and a vibration system.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm, and an edge of the diaphragm is fixed between an edge of the housing and the front cover.
  • the front cover is the front cover as described above.
  • the front edge of the metal plate is formed by bending the outer edge of the metal plate to form a flange, and then pressing the flange back to increase the thickness of the outer edge of the metal plate.
  • this method can use a thin metal plate, and only need to increase the thickness of the small area of the metal plate, without stretching and thinning the thickness of the large area of the metal plate, which can greatly reduce the metal
  • the processing of the board is difficult, so it can facilitate the forming of the front cover.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for processing a front cover of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of step S20 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a metal sheet after end cutting in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal sheet in FIG. 3 after stretching to form a convex hull;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the metal plate in FIG. 4 after being bent to form a flange and an edge portion;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the metal plate in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal sheet in FIG. 6 after the flanging is pressed back to form an edge;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal plate in FIG. 7 after punching to form sound holes;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the metal plate in FIG. 8 after punching to form positioning holes
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the sound emitting device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sounding device in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 11.
  • the directional indicator is only used to explain a specific posture (as shown in the drawings) The relative positional relationship, movements, etc. of the various components below, if the specific posture changes, then the directional indication changes accordingly.
  • first”, “second”, etc. are for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as instructions or hints Its relative importance or implicitly indicates the number of technical features indicated.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may include at least one of the features explicitly or implicitly.
  • the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary skilled in the art to achieve, when the combination of technical solutions contradicts each other or cannot be achieved, it should be considered that the combination of such technical solutions does not exist , Nor within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
  • the invention provides a processing method of a front cover.
  • the processing method of the front cover includes:
  • step S10 the outer edge of the metal plate is bent to form a flange, the metal plate has an upper surface and a lower surface, and the flange is formed on the side where the lower surface is located.
  • the outer edge of the metal sheet is bent toward one side, so that it forms a circle of flange 135 (as shown in FIG. 6).
  • the flange 135 is formed by bending the outer edge of the metal sheet once, that is, the outer edge of the metal sheet is only bent once, so that it is more beneficial when the flange 135 needs to be returned to the pier in the subsequent steps
  • the flange 135 and the metal sheet are stacked back together.
  • the bending angle of the flanging 135 is 90°. If the outer edge of the metal sheet is bent more than 90° to form the flanging 135, the forming angle is too large, which makes the forming difficulty more difficult.
  • the outer edge of the metal sheet is bent less than 90° to form the flange 135, because the bending angle is too small, it is not conducive to the flange 135 back to the pier to overlap with the metal sheet to increase the thickness of the outer edge of the metal sheet, so the outer edge of the metal sheet Bending the edges by 90° to form the flange 135 can avoid the above problems.
  • the bending angle of the flange 135 may be other angles, and the flange 135 may also be formed by bending the outer edge of the metal plate multiple times.
  • the metal sheet is used to form the front cover, before forming the flange 135, the metal sheet can also be cut according to the size of the front cover.
  • the metal plate can be made of stainless steel, brass or SPCC (usually cold-rolled carbon steel sheet and steel strip) and other materials.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal plate are relatively disposed, and the lower surface of the metal plate refers to the surface facing the diaphragm.
  • step S20 the flanging is pressed from the lower surface to the upper surface, so that the width of the flanging in the lateral direction becomes larger and stacked with the metal sheet to form an edge portion of the metal sheet.
  • the flange 135 is returned to the pier, which is equivalent to bending the edge of the metal sheet first, and then pressing the folded flange 135 back to flang
  • the width of 135 in the lateral direction becomes larger, and the thickness of the position of the back pier in the vertical direction increases, that is, the thickness of the edge portion 131 (as shown in FIG. 7) is greater than the thickness of the central portion at other positions, and the metal The outer size of the board is reduced.
  • a metal plate with a thickness of 0.15 mm can be selected.
  • the thickness of the center portion remains unchanged at 0.15 mm, and the thickness of the edge portion 131 is thickened at 0.3 mm.
  • the thickness of the metal sheet can be selected according to needs, for example, a size greater than 0.15 mm can be selected.
  • Step S30 punching the metal plate to form a sound hole.
  • step S30 two sound holes 1331 (as shown in FIG. 8) are usually punched out on the metal plate.
  • one sound hole 1331 can also be punched as needed to make the metal plate form a ring.
  • step S30 may also be after step S20, or step S30 may be after step S10 and before step S20.
  • the edge portion 131 of the front cover is press-molded, the overall shape of the front cover is basically determined, and no processes such as extrusion or stretching are required, and the sound hole 1331 is punched out at this time.
  • the sound hole 1331 can be prevented from being deformed when the front cover is subjected to a molding process such as stretching or extrusion.
  • the front edge of the metal sheet is made by bending the outer edge of the metal sheet to form a flange 135, and then pressing the flange 135 back to increase the thickness of the outer edge of the metal sheet to form the front
  • this method can use a thin metal plate, and only need to increase the thickness of the small area of the metal plate, without stretching and thinning the thickness of the large area of the metal plate, which can greatly Reduce the difficulty of processing metal sheet, so it can facilitate the formation of the front cover.
  • the step of pressing the flanging from the lower surface to the upper surface specifically includes:
  • Step S21 a positioning member is provided on the metal plate, the positioning member is located inside the flanging;
  • Step S22 pressing the flanging from the lower surface to the upper surface, so that the inner side of the flanging after pressing deformation abuts the positioning member, and the flanging is stacked with the metal sheet It constitutes the edge of the metal plate.
  • the metal sheet is placed in the mold for forming, and a positioning member is provided at a position corresponding to the inside of the flange 135, so that when the flange 135 is pressed back, the positioning member can abut the inside of the flange 135 to prevent turning
  • the edge 135 overflows during the pressing process, causing the inner side of the edge portion 131 to be uneven, which leads to blocking the vibration of the diaphragm.
  • the inner side of the flange 135 refers to a surface extending in a direction in which the upper surface of the metal sheet points toward the lower surface.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step S40 Bend the top of the flange toward the outer side of the metal plate to form an edge portion.
  • the edge portion 134 (shown in FIG. 6) is protruding outwards with respect to the flanging 135 and the metal plate, so after pressing the flanging 135 back, the outer side of the flanging 135
  • the edge portion 134 can increase the lateral width of the finally formed edge portion 131, increase the contact fixing area of the front cover and the diaphragm, and achieve a better fixing effect.
  • the presence of the edge portion 134 can make the lateral width of the flange 135 after pressing need not be accurate to the width of the bonding surface of the front cover edge portion 131, and the lateral width of the flange 135 after pressing can be smaller than the bonding of the front cover edge portion 131
  • the width of the face is complemented by the edge portion 134 to complement the lateral width of the flanging 135 after pressing, so that the process is simpler and easier to implement than directly pressing the flanging 135 to form a sufficiently wide adhesive surface.
  • the method before the step of bending the outer edge of the metal plate to form a flange, the method further includes:
  • Step S50 Stretching the metal sheet material away from the flanging to form a convex hull, so that the metal sheet material sequentially forms a stepped structure composed of the edge portion, the connecting portion, and the convex hull from outside to inside ;
  • the step of punching a metal plate to form a sound hole specifically includes:
  • the sound hole is formed by punching holes in the convex hull.
  • a convex hull 133 is formed there (as shown in FIG. 4), and the convex hull 133 is the central portion of the front cover, which is equivalent to increasing the front cover
  • the distance between the central part of the diaphragm and the diaphragm increases the vibration space of the diaphragm and facilitates free vibration of the diaphragm.
  • edge portion 131, the connecting portion 132 and the convex hull 133 form a multi-step structure, the convex hull 133 and the edge portion 131 protrude in opposite directions relative to the connecting portion 132, and the convex hull 133 is used to avoid In the middle part of the diaphragm, the connecting part is used to avoid the folded part of the diaphragm.
  • stretching away from the flanging 135 refers to stretching in the direction that the lower surface of the metal sheet points toward the upper surface.
  • the step of pressing the flanging from the lower surface to the upper surface further includes:
  • Step S60 punching the edge portion to form a positioning hole.
  • step S60 precedes step S30.
  • step S60 may also follow step S30.
  • the step of pressing the flanging from the lower surface to the upper surface further includes:
  • step S70 the edge portion is cut.
  • step S70 may be after step S60 or before step S60.
  • the thickness of the convex hull 133 and the connecting portion 132 are greater than or equal to 0.15 mm, and the thickness of the edge portion 131 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm. In this embodiment, it is equivalent to selecting a 0.15mm metal plate. After the front cover is formed, the thickness of the convex hull 133 and the connecting portion 132 is unchanged, which is still 0.15mm, and the thickness of the edge portion 131 is superimposed The thickness of the flange 135 is 0.3 mm. In addition, metal plates of other sizes such as 0.2 mm and 0.25 mm can also be used. The thickness of the edge portion 131 is generally divided into twice the thickness of the metal plate before processing.
  • FIG. 4 to FIG. 9 respectively show the forming state of each forming process of the front cover of the present invention.
  • the metal sheet is first cut.
  • the metal sheet is stretched to form the convex hull 133, that is, after step S50 is performed, the metal sheet is in the state shown in FIG. 4.
  • step S10 and step S40 are performed on the metal plate to bend the outer edge of the metal plate to form a flange 135, and bend the top of the flange 135 toward the outer side of the metal plate to form the edge portion 134 .
  • FIG. 5 and 6 step S10 and step S40 are performed on the metal plate to bend the outer edge of the metal plate to form a flange 135, and bend the top of the flange 135 toward the outer side of the metal plate to form the edge portion 134 .
  • step S20 is performed on the metal sheet, and the flange 135 is pressed from the lower surface to the upper surface, so that the width of the flange 135 in the lateral direction becomes larger and stacked with the metal sheet Together, they constitute the edge portion 131 of the metal sheet.
  • step S30 is performed on the metal plate, and the sound hole 1331 is formed by punching the convex hull 133.
  • step S60 is performed on the metal plate, and the edge portion 131 is punched to form positioning holes 1312.
  • step S70 is performed on the metal plate to cut the edge portion 131.
  • the present invention also proposes a front cover 13 made by the aforementioned processing method of the front cover.
  • the front cover 13 includes a central portion, a connecting portion 132, and an edge portion 131 that are sequentially connected from inside to outside.
  • the connecting portion 132 is disposed around the central portion, the edge portion 131 is disposed around the connecting portion 132, and the central portion faces one side with respect to the connecting portion 132 Arched to form a convex hull 133 connected to the connecting portion 132, the edge portion 131 protrudes away from the central portion relative to the connecting portion 132 so that the thickness of the edge portion 131 is greater than the thickness of the connecting portion 132, provided on the central portion There is a sound hole 1331, and a positioning hole 1312 is provided in the edge portion 131.
  • the present invention also provides a sound-emitting device 10, which may be a speaker unit, a speaker module, or terminal electronic equipment such as a headset, a mobile phone, and a computer.
  • the sound-emitting device 10 includes a housing 11, a front cover 13 and a vibration system.
  • the housing 11 and the front cover 13 combine to form an accommodation space for accommodating and fixing the vibration system.
  • the front cover 13 please refer to the above embodiment , No more details here.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm 12, the diaphragm 12 includes an intermediate portion 121, a folded ring portion 122, and a fixed portion 123, the folded ring portion 122 surrounds the periphery of the intermediate portion 121, the fixed portion 123 surrounds the periphery of the folded ring portion 122, the fixed The portion 123 constitutes the edge of the diaphragm 12, the fixing portion 123 is sandwiched between the edge portion 131 of the front cover 13 and the housing 11, and the fixing portion 123 and the edge portion 131 of the front cover 13 are adhered by an adhesive.
  • the casing 11 is fixed by adhesive.
  • the edge portion 131 has a lower surface 1311 facing the housing 11, the connecting portion 132 has an upper surface 1321 facing the housing 11, the lower surface 1311 is between the upper surface 1321 and the housing 11, and the diaphragm 12 is folded
  • the connection between 122 and the fixing portion 123 is arranged more inward than the connection between the lower surface 1311 and the upper surface 1321, so that the connection between the folding ring portion 122 and the fixing portion 123 is corresponding to the upper surface 1321.
  • the upper surface 1321 is farther away from the diaphragm 12 than the lower surface 1311, so as to avoid blocking the vibration of the diaphragm 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种前盖的加工方法、前盖和发声装置，前盖的加工方法包括以下步骤：将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边，金属板材具有上表面和下表面，所述翻边形成于所述下表面所在的一侧；将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使所述翻边在横向上的宽度变大并与所述金属板材堆叠而共同构成所述金属板材的边缘部；对金属板材进行冲孔以形成出声孔。本发明技术方案能够更好实现前盖的边缘部厚度的增厚。

Description

前盖的加工方法、前盖和发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及声能转换技术领域，特别涉及一种前盖的加工方法、前盖和发声装置。
背景技术
通常，发声装置内的前盖和振膜是通过粘接剂进行粘接固定的，为了保证前盖和振膜稳固粘接，故在前盖上会涂设较多的胶剂。然而若胶剂较多，在前盖和外壳压合的过程中，容易产生溢胶现象，从前盖和外壳压合面的内侧所溢出的胶剂会滴落到振膜的折环部，并将振膜折环部部分粘住，从而影响振膜的振动性能，导致杂音的产生。故为了避免溢出的胶剂滴落到振膜的折环部，通常在前盖的下表面会加工出一台阶部，即将前盖的边缘部加厚，使得前盖的边缘部和中心部之间呈错开设置，当边缘部上的胶剂较多并被后壳挤压时，多余的胶剂会顺着边缘部的内侧面流到中心部。
为实现边缘部相对中心部更厚，一般是采用一块较厚的板材，将中心部拉伸变薄，但是由于中心部相对于边缘部而言，其所占前盖的比例较大(占整个前盖面积的90％以上)，这意味着需要减薄的面积较大，而为了保证强度，前盖一般是采用硬度较大的金属板材成型，如此不利于其被拉伸减薄，使得边缘部相对中心部而言的增厚尺寸较小，即两者错开不明显，对胶剂的引流作用较差。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提出一种前盖的加工方法，旨在更好实现前盖的边缘部厚度的增厚。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的前盖的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边，金属板材具有上表面和下表面，所述翻边形成于所述下表面所在的一侧；
将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使所述翻边在横向上的宽度变大并与所述金属板材堆叠而共同构成所述金属板材的边缘部；
对金属板材进行冲孔以形成出声孔。
可选地，将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤具体包括：
在所述金属板材上设置定位件，所述定位件位于所述翻边的内侧；
将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使经过压制变形后的所述翻边的内侧抵接所述定位件，且所述翻边与所述金属板材堆叠而构成所述金属板材的边缘部。
可选地，所述翻边由所述金属板材的外边缘经过一次弯折形成，所述翻边的弯折角度为90°。
可选地，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边的步骤之后，还包括：
将所述翻边的顶部朝向所述金属板材的外侧弯折形成边沿部。
可选地，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边的步骤之前，还包括：
将所述金属板材朝远离所述翻边的方向拉伸形成凸包，以使得所述金属板材自外向内依次形成由所述边缘部、连接部和所述凸包构成的阶梯结构；
所述对金属板材进行冲孔以形成出声孔的步骤具体包括：
在所述凸包上冲孔形成所述出声孔。
可选地，所述凸包和所述连接部的厚度均大于或等于0.15mm，所述边缘部的厚度大于或等于0.3mm。
可选地，所述将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤之后还包括：
对所述边缘部进行冲孔以形成定位孔。
可选地，所述将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤之后还包括：
将所述边缘部进行裁切。
本发明还提出一种前盖，所述前盖由如上所述的前盖的加工方法所制得。
本发明还提出一种发声装置，发声装置包括：外壳、前盖和振动系统，所述振动系统包括振膜，所述振膜的边缘固定于所述外壳和所述前盖的边缘部之间，所述前盖为如上所述的前盖。
本发明中，通过将用于制作前盖的金属板材，将其外边缘弯折形成翻边，再将翻边往回压制来加厚金属板材的外边缘的厚度，以此来形成前盖的边缘部，该种方式能够采用较薄的金属板材，仅增大金属板材较小区域处的厚度即可，而不需要对金属板材较大区域的厚度进行拉伸减薄，能够大大减小金属板材的加工难度，故可方便前盖的成型。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明前盖的加工方法一实施例的流程示意图；
图2为图1中步骤S20的细化流程示意图；
图3为本发明中金属板材在经过端切后的一实施例的结构示意图；
图4为图3中金属板材在拉伸形成凸包后的结构示意图；
图5为图4中金属板材弯折形成翻边和边沿部后的结构示意图；
图6为图5中金属板材的剖切示意图；
图7为图6中金属板材在将翻边回压形成边缘部后的结构示意图；
图8为图7中金属板材在冲孔形成出声孔后的结构示意图；
图9为图8中金属板材在冲孔形成定位孔后的结构示意图；
图10为本发明发声装置的结构示意图；
图11为图10中发声装置的剖切示意图；
图12为图11中A处的放大图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
10 发声装置 1311 下表面
11 外壳 1312 定位孔
12 振膜 132 连接部
121 中间部 1321 上表面
122 折环部 133 凸包
123 固定部 1331 出声孔
13 前盖 134 边沿部
131 边缘部 135 翻边
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种前盖的加工方法。
本发明实施例中，如图1所示，前盖的加工方法包括：
步骤S10，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边，金属板材具有上表面和下表面，所述翻边形成于所述下表面所在的一侧。
该步骤中，通过将金属板材的外边缘朝一侧弯折，使得其形成一圈翻边 135(如图6所示)。可选地，所述翻边135由所述金属板材的外边缘经过一次弯折形成，即金属板材的外边缘仅弯折一次，如此在后续步骤需要将翻边135回墩时，更有利于翻边135与金属板材之间回墩得堆叠。可选地，所述翻边135的弯折角度为90°，若将金属板材的外边缘弯折超过90°形成翻边135，则由于弯折角度过大，使得成型难度增大；若将金属板材的外边缘弯折小于90°形成翻边135，则由于弯折角度过小，不利于翻边135回墩至与金属板材叠加来增加金属板材外边缘的厚度，因此将金属板材的外边缘弯折90°形成翻边135能够避免上述问题的产生。当然，翻边135的弯折角度还可为其它角度，并且翻边135也可由金属板材的外边缘经过多次弯折所形成。
由于该金属板材是用于成型前盖的，故在形成翻边135之前，还可根据前盖的尺寸对金属板材进行裁切。另外，金属板材可采用不锈钢、黄铜或SPCC(般用冷轧碳钢薄板及钢带)等材质。
另外，金属板材的上表面和下表面是相对设置的，并且，金属板材的下表面指的是朝向振膜的表面。
步骤S20，将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使所述翻边在横向上的宽度变大并与所述金属板材堆叠而共同构成所述金属板材的边缘部。
该步骤中，在将金属板材弯折形成翻边135后，再将翻边135往回墩，相当于先将金属板材的边缘弯折，再将弯折的翻边135往回压，翻边135在横向上的宽度则变大，而回墩的位置在上下方向上的厚度增大，即使得边缘部131(如图7所示)的厚度大于其它位置处例如中心部的厚度，并且金属板材的外周尺寸减小。本实施例中，可选择0.15mm厚度的金属板材，则成型为前盖后，中心部的厚度不变，为0.15mm，边缘部131的厚度加厚，为0.3mm。当然，金属板材的厚度可根据需要进行选择，例如可选择大于0.15mm的尺寸。
步骤S30，对金属板材进行冲孔以形成出声孔。
该步骤中，通常可在金属板材上冲压出两个出声孔1331(如图8所示)，当然，也可根据需要冲压一个出声孔1331，以使金属板材呈环状。需要说明的是步骤S30与其他步骤的配合顺序不做限定，可以在步骤S10之前，当然， 步骤S30也可在步骤S20之后，还可以是，步骤S30可以在步骤S10之后且在步骤S20之前。通常，步骤S30在步骤S20之后，由于将前盖的边缘部131压制成型后，前盖的整体形状基本确定，不需要再进行挤压或拉伸等工艺，此时再冲压出声孔1331，能够避免出声孔1331在前盖进行例如拉伸、挤压等成型工艺时而变形。
本发明中，通过将用于制作前盖的金属板材，将其外边缘弯折形成翻边135，再将翻边135往回压制来加厚金属板材的外边缘的厚度，以此来形成前盖的边缘部131，该种方式能够采用较薄的金属板材，仅增大金属板材较小区域处的厚度即可，而不需要对金属板材较大区域的厚度进行拉伸减薄，能够大大减小金属板材的加工难度，故可方便前盖的成型。
如图2所示，在一实施例中，将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤具体包括：
步骤S21，在所述金属板材上设置定位件，所述定位件位于所述翻边的内侧；
步骤S22，将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使经过压制变形后的所述翻边的内侧抵接所述定位件，且所述翻边与所述金属板材堆叠而构成所述金属板材的边缘部。
该步骤中，将金属板材置于模具中进行成型，并且在对应翻边135内侧的位置设置定位件，如此在往回压制翻边135时，定位件能够抵接翻边135的内侧，防止翻边135被压过程中内溢而造成边缘部131内侧不齐整进而导致对振膜的振动造成遮挡。该实施例中，翻边135的内侧指的是沿金属板材的上表面指向下表面的方向上延伸的表面。
请再次参考图1，在一实施例中，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边的步骤之后，还包括：
步骤S40，将所述翻边的顶部朝向所述金属板材的外侧弯折形成边沿部。
该步骤中，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边135后，再对翻边135的顶部(即翻边135的自由端)朝金属板材的外侧(即外边缘所在的方向)弯折形成边沿部134(如图6所示)，该边沿部134相对于翻边135以及金属板 材而言是朝外侧向凸出的，故而在将翻边135往回压后，在翻边135的外侧的边沿部134能够增大最终形成的边缘部131的横向宽度，增大前盖与振膜的抵接固定面积，实现更好的固定效果。该边沿部134的存在，可以使翻边135压制后的横向宽度不需要精确到前盖边缘部131的粘接面宽度，翻边135压制后的横向宽度可以小于前盖边缘部131的粘接面宽度，通过边沿部134补足翻边135压制后的横向宽度，如此比直接将翻边135压制出足够宽的粘接面而言，其工艺更加简单，易于实现。
在一实施例中，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边的步骤之前，还包括：
步骤S50，将所述金属板材朝远离所述翻边的方向拉伸形成凸包，以使得所述金属板材自外向内依次形成由所述边缘部、连接部和所述凸包构成的阶梯结构；
所述对金属板材进行冲孔以形成出声孔的步骤具体包括：
在所述凸包上冲孔形成所述出声孔。
该步骤中，通过对金属板材的中间区域进行拉伸，使得该处形成一个凸包133(如图4所示)，凸包133即为前盖的中心部，如此相当于增大了前盖的中心部和振膜之间的距离，即增大了振膜的振动空间，利于振膜的自由振动。另外，边缘部131、连接部132和所述凸包133构成多级阶梯结构，凸包133和边缘部131相对于连接部132而言分别朝相反的方向凸出，凸包133用于避开振膜的中间部，连接部用于避开振膜的折环部。本实施例中，朝远离翻边135的方向拉伸指的是朝金属板材的下表面指向上表面的方向拉伸。
在一实施例中，所述将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤之后还包括：
步骤S60，对所述边缘部进行冲孔以形成定位孔。
通过加工出边缘部131之后再冲定位孔1312(如图9所示)，能够防止定位孔1312变形。定位孔能够与其它部件上的定位柱定位插合，对其它部件进行定位。通常，在金属板材的四个角部各设置一个定位孔1312。本实施例中，步骤S60在步骤S30之前。当然，步骤S60也可在步骤S30之后。
在一实施例中，所述将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤之后还包括：
步骤S70，将所述边缘部进行裁切。
该步骤中，对边缘部进行精裁切，使得金属板材的外形尺寸符合前盖，由此而制得前盖。需要说明的是，步骤S70可在步骤S60之后，也可在步骤S60之前。
在一实施例中，凸包133和连接部132的厚度均大于或等于0.15mm，边缘部131的厚度大于或等于0.3mm。该实施例中，相当于选用0.15mm的金属板材，在加工成型前盖后，由于凸包133和连接部132的厚度是不变的，仍然为0.15mm，而边缘部131的厚度由于叠加了翻边135的厚度，故为0.3mm。另外，也可选用0.2mm、0.25mm等其他尺寸的金属板材，边缘部131的厚度通常分为加工之前的金属板材的厚度的两倍。
请结合参考图4至图9，图4至图9分别示出了本发明前盖的各个成型过程中的成型状态，如图3所示，先对金属板材进行端切。如图4所示，对金属板材拉伸形成凸包133，即在进行步骤S50之后，金属板材呈图4所示的状态。如图5和图6所示，对金属板材执行步骤S10和步骤S40，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边135，将翻边135的顶部朝向金属板材的外侧弯折形成边沿部134。如图7所示，对金属板材执行步骤S20，将所述翻边135自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使所述翻边135在横向上的宽度变大并与所述金属板材堆叠而共同构成所述金属板材的边缘部131。如图8所示，对金属板材执行步骤S30，在所述凸包133上冲孔形成出声孔1331。如图9所示，对金属板材执行步骤S60，对所述边缘部131进行冲孔以形成定位孔1312。最后，对金属板材执行步骤S70，将所述边缘部131进行裁切。
请结合参考11和图12，本发明还提出一种前盖13，该前盖13由前述的前盖的加工方法所制得。前盖13包括自内朝外依次连接的中心部、连接部132和边缘部131，连接部132围绕中心部设置，边缘部131围绕连接部132设置，并且中心部相对连接部132而言朝一侧拱起而形成与连接部132连接的凸包133， 边缘部131相对连接部132而言朝远离中心部的方向凸出以使得边缘部131的厚度大于连接部132的厚度，在中心部上设有出声孔1331，在边缘部131上设有定位孔1312。
请结合参考图10，本发明还提出一种发声装置10，该发声装置10可为扬声器单体、扬声器模组或是耳机、手机、电脑等终端电子设备。发声装置10包括：外壳11、前盖13和振动系统，所述外壳11和所述前盖13结合形成收容固定所述振动系统的收容空间，所述前盖13的具体结构请参照上述实施例，此处不再赘述。
振动系统包括振膜12，振膜12包括中间部121，折环部122和固定部123，折环部122环绕在中间部121的外围，固定部123环绕在折环部122的外围，该固定部123构成振膜12的边缘，固定部123夹持于前盖13的边缘部131和外壳11之间，且固定部123与前盖13的边缘部131通过胶剂粘接，固定部123与外壳11通过胶剂粘接固定。
本实施例中，边缘部131具有朝向外壳11的下表面1311，连接部132具有朝向外壳11的上表面1321，下表面1311是在上表面1321和外壳11之间的，振膜12折环部122和固定部123的连接处相对于下表面1311和上表面1321的连接处而言，更靠里设置，如此相当于折环部122和固定部123的连接处是对应上表面1321设置的，该上表面1321相对于下表面1311而言，更加远离振膜12设置，如此避免了对振膜12的振动造成遮挡。另外，当前盖13和后壳之间的胶剂，或者前盖13和振膜12之间的胶剂较多时，多余的胶剂可顺着下表面1311的内侧缘流向上表面1321，下表面1311和上表面1321错开的形式有利于引导胶剂从下表面1311流向上表面1321，避免多余的胶剂堆积在下表面1311的上表面1321的连接处而造成胶剂粘接振膜12的现象。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边，金属板材具有上表面和下表面，所述翻边形成于所述下表面所在的一侧；
    将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使所述翻边在横向上的宽度变大并与所述金属板材堆叠而共同构成所述金属板材的边缘部；
    对金属板材进行冲孔以形成出声孔。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤具体包括：
    在所述金属板材上设置定位件，所述定位件位于所述翻边的内侧；
    将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制，以使经过压制变形后的所述翻边的内侧抵接所述定位件，且所述翻边与所述金属板材堆叠而构成所述金属板材的边缘部。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，所述翻边由所述金属板材的外边缘经过一次弯折形成，所述翻边的弯折角度为90°。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边的步骤之后，还包括：
    将所述翻边的顶部朝向所述金属板材的外侧弯折形成边沿部。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任意一项所述的前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，将金属板材的外边缘弯折形成翻边的步骤之前，还包括：
    将所述金属板材朝远离所述翻边的方向拉伸形成凸包，以使得所述金属板材自外向内依次形成由所述边缘部、连接部和所述凸包构成的阶梯结构；
    所述对金属板材进行冲孔以形成出声孔的步骤具体包括：
    在所述凸包上冲孔形成所述出声孔。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，所述凸包和所述连接部的厚度均大于或等于0.15mm，所述边缘部的厚度大于或等于0.3mm。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，所述将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤之后还包括：
    对所述边缘部进行冲孔以形成定位孔。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的前盖的加工方法，其特征在于，所述将所述翻边自下表面向上表面的方向进行压制的步骤之后还包括：
    将所述边缘部进行裁切。
  9. 一种前盖，其特征在于，所述前盖由权利要求1-8任意一项所述的前盖的加工方法所制得。
  10. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：外壳、前盖和振动系统，所述振动系统包括振膜，所述振膜的边缘固定于所述外壳和所述前盖的边缘部之间，所述前盖为如权利要求9所述的前盖。
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CN110719551B (zh) * 2019-08-20 2021-11-26 歌尔股份有限公司 声学装置及电子设备
CN110572755B (zh) * 2019-09-06 2021-11-26 歌尔科技有限公司 声学装置及电子设备
CN110602585A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2019-12-20 深圳嘉信源科技实业有限公司 一种耳机装饰耳罩的加工设备及工艺
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