WO2020125809A1 - 蓄能装置 - Google Patents

蓄能装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125809A1
WO2020125809A1 PCT/CN2019/130947 CN2019130947W WO2020125809A1 WO 2020125809 A1 WO2020125809 A1 WO 2020125809A1 CN 2019130947 W CN2019130947 W CN 2019130947W WO 2020125809 A1 WO2020125809 A1 WO 2020125809A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy storage
air
housing
phase change
change material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/130947
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾智勇
张榜
崔小敏
Original Assignee
深圳市爱能森科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020125809A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125809A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of energy storage utilization, in particular to an energy storage device.
  • the molten salt energy storage device mainly uses the sensible heat storage of the molten salt material.
  • the operation is complicated, and the heat storage capacity is limited.
  • the latent heat with a large molten salt storage capacity is not fully utilized for energy storage, which results in molten salt storage.
  • the device can have a large volume and a high cost.
  • One of the purposes of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an energy storage device to solve the problems in the prior art of the molten salt energy storage device, such as complicated operation, small energy storage capacity, and large volume.
  • an energy storage device including:
  • the shell is provided with an air port
  • the temperature control system is configured to heat the air in the housing and detect the temperature of the air in the housing and the temperature of the air port;
  • the air supply system is configured to drive the air flow in the housing
  • An energy storage system is provided in the housing, and a phase change material is provided in the energy storage system, and the phase change material can store or release heat.
  • the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage tanks, each of which is provided with the phase change material, and any adjacent two of the energy storage tanks form a first Yifengdao.
  • a through hole is opened on the top of each of the energy storage tanks.
  • it further includes a heat insulation layer, where the heat insulation layer is wrapped around the outer periphery of the energy storage system and forms a second air channel with the inner wall of the housing.
  • a wind deflector is further included, and the wind deflector is located in the second air duct and configured to open or close the second air duct when the phase change material stores or releases heat.
  • the air supply system includes a fan installed on the inner wall of the housing.
  • the temperature control system includes a heating component and a temperature control component, and the heating component and the temperature control component are both installed on the inner wall of the housing.
  • the temperature control assembly includes two temperature detectors, one of the temperature detectors is disposed in the housing, and the other of the temperature detectors is disposed at the air port.
  • the heating assembly includes an electric heater that is mounted on the inner wall of the housing.
  • the phase change material is any one of an organic phase change material, a metal phase change material, and a composite phase change material.
  • the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage tanks and a thermal insulation layer, each of the energy storage tanks is provided with the phase change material, and any two adjacent energy storage tanks
  • a first air channel is formed between the heat insulation layer and the outer periphery of the energy storage system, and a second air channel is formed between the inner wall of the housing and the inner wall of the housing.
  • each top of the energy storage tank is provided with a through hole.
  • a wind deflector is further included, the wind deflector is located in the second air channel, and is configured to open or close the second when the phase change material stores or releases heat Wind tunnel.
  • Another aspect provides an energy storage device, including:
  • the shell is provided with an air port
  • the temperature control system is configured to heat the air in the housing and detect the temperature of the air in the housing and at the air port;
  • the air supply system is configured to drive the air flow in the housing
  • An energy storage system is provided in the housing, and a phase change material is provided in the energy storage system, and the phase change material can store or release heat;
  • thermal insulation layer where the thermal insulation layer is wrapped around the outer periphery of the energy storage system and forms a second air channel with the inner wall of the casing;
  • a wind deflector the wind deflector is located in the second air duct, and is configured to open or close the second air duct when the phase change material stores or releases heat;
  • the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage tanks, each of which is provided with the phase change material, and a first air passage is formed between any two adjacent energy storage tanks;
  • the temperature control system includes a heating component and a temperature control component, and the heating component and the temperature control component are both installed on the inner wall of the housing.
  • the beneficial effect of the energy storage device is that: during the heat storage stage, the air port is closed, the temperature control system heats the air in the housing, and the air supply system drives the heated air to flow and exchange heat with the phase change material, which is in a solid state
  • the phase change material gradually absorbs heat, and then the phase change material generates a phase change (solid to liquid) and continues to absorb heat. After the phase change material becomes liquid, it can continue to absorb heat for thermal energy storage.
  • the air port is opened. Under the action of external equipment (fan, etc.), the phase change material exchanges heat with the shell and the outside air, and the phase change material produces a phase change (liquid to solid) for heat release. The heat energy is released.
  • the energy storage density can be increased, and under the same energy storage capacity, the volume of the energy storage device can be effectively reduced and the cost can be reduced.
  • the temperature of the air in the housing can be detected by the temperature control system to prevent the air temperature from being too high, resulting in thermal decomposition of the phase change material.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the internal structure of the energy storage device provided by the present application.
  • thermocouple 51 The first thermocouple; 52. The second thermocouple;
  • the first air duct 101.
  • the first air duct 102.
  • the second air duct 101.
  • Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of the energy storage device in this embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of the internal structure of the energy storage device in this embodiment.
  • the energy storage device provided in this embodiment includes a housing 1, a temperature control system, an air supply system, an energy storage system 4, and a control system (not shown in the figure), a heating system, and a temperature control Both the system and the air supply system are connected to the control system.
  • the control system is a common control structure in the prior art and will not be repeated here.
  • the housing 1 is provided with an air port, the air port includes an air outlet 12 and an air inlet 13, the air outlet 12 is provided at the top of the housing 1, the air inlet 13 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1, and in this embodiment, the housing
  • the inner wall surface of the body 1 is provided with a high temperature resistant thermal insulation cotton, such as aluminum silicate thermal insulation cotton.
  • the housing 1 can also be made of refractory thermal insulation material, and the thermal insulation cotton is wrapped around the pouring material.
  • the temperature control system can heat the air in the housing 1 and detect the temperature of the air in the housing 1 and the air outlet.
  • the air supply system can drive the air in the housing 1 to flow.
  • the energy storage system 4 is provided in the housing 1 and the phase change material is provided in the energy storage system 4, the phase change material can store or release heat through the phase change.
  • the phase change material is a molten salt, of course
  • the phase change material may also be an organic phase change material, a metal phase change material, a composite phase change material, or the like.
  • the air outlet 12 and the air inlet 13 are closed, the temperature control system heats the air in the housing 1, the air supply system drives the heated air to flow and exchange heat with the phase change material, and the solid phase change material gradually Endothermic, then the phase change material produces a phase change (solid to liquid) and continues to absorb heat. After the phase change material becomes liquid, it can continue to absorb heat.
  • the sensible and latent heat of the phase change material for thermal energy storage, it can improve The energy storage density, under the same energy storage capacity, can effectively reduce the volume of the energy storage device and reduce costs.
  • the air outlet 12 and the air inlet 13 are both open. Under the action of external equipment (fan, etc.), the phase change material exchanges heat with the outside air through the energy storage tank 41, and the phase change material produces a phase change (Liquid to solid) Exothermic heat releases stored thermal energy.
  • the temperature of the air in the housing 1 can be detected by the temperature control system to prevent the air temperature from being too high, resulting in thermal decomposition of the phase change material.
  • the use of the air present in the housing 1 as a fluid medium can effectively reduce costs.
  • the energy storage system 4 includes a plurality of energy storage tanks 41, a mounting member 42 and a support member 43.
  • the support member 43 is installed on the bottom surface inside the housing 1.
  • the support member 43 It includes several angle steel pieces, and there is a certain gap between two adjacent angle steel pieces 43 for air circulation.
  • the mounting member 42 is mounted on a number of angle steel members, a plurality of energy storage tanks 41 are arranged on the mounting member 42 in a rectangular array, and a first air channel 101 is formed between any two adjacent energy storage tanks 41.
  • the energy storage tank 41 has a cylindrical structure
  • the mounting member 42 is a metal plate, such as a steel plate, etc., in order to facilitate the air in the housing 1 through the first air passage 101 and the phase change material in the energy storage tank 41
  • the mounting member 42 is provided with a vent hole (not shown in the figure).
  • the mounting member 42 can also provide a structure capable of supporting the energy storage tank 41, and air can pass through the mounting member 42 Enter the first air duct 101.
  • each energy storage tank 41 is provided with a fin 411.
  • the fin 411 is a cross-shaped metal plate made of heat conductive metal (copper, iron, stainless steel, etc.). The fins 411 can increase the heat exchange area of the energy storage tank 41 and the phase change material, facilitate heat transfer between the air and the phase change material, and improve the efficiency of heat exchange.
  • the top of each energy storage tank 41 is also provided with a through hole (not shown in the figure). In this embodiment, each energy storage tank 41 is provided with two through holes, and the two through holes are disposed oppositely.
  • the energy storage device further includes a thermal insulation layer 6.
  • the thermal insulation layer 6 is wrapped around the outer circumferences of several energy storage tanks 41. Two opposite sides of the thermal insulation layer 6 are in contact with the inner wall of the housing 1
  • the second air duct 102 is formed between the other two opposite sides of the thermal insulation layer 6 and the inner wall of the housing 1, and the second air duct 102 passes through the gap between the energy storage tank 41 and the inner top surface of the housing 1 and the first The air ducts 101 are connected.
  • the heat-insulating layer 6 may be a high-temperature heat-resistant heat-insulating material such as aluminum silicate heat-insulating cotton.
  • the heat-insulating layer 6 may also be made of castable of high-temperature refractory material.
  • the heated air in the housing 1 can circulate along the first air passage 101 and the second air passage 102 under the action of the air supply system, and then pass through the energy storage tank 41 and the fins 411 and the phase change material Heat exchange is performed, and the thermal insulation layer 6 can prevent the phase change material in the energy storage tank 41 facing the heating system from overheating and thermally decomposing.
  • the temperature control system includes a heating assembly and a temperature control assembly.
  • the heating assembly includes an electric heater 21.
  • the electric heater 21 is installed on the inner wall of the housing 1 and is located in the second air duct 102.
  • the electric heater 21 is electrically connected to the control system.
  • the electric heater 21 is an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire 21 is provided with two groups, and the two groups of electric heating wires 21 are respectively provided on two opposite inner wall surfaces of the housing 1.
  • the valley electricity is transferred to the electric heater 21 to heat the air in the housing 1, and the heated air exchanges heat with the phase change material through the blower assembly, the solid phase change material gradually absorbs heat, and then the phase change material Generates a phase change (solid to liquid) to absorb heat, and can continue to absorb heat after the phase change material becomes liquid, so as to realize the storage of thermal energy, and during the peak electricity period, the phase change material releases the stored thermal energy, which improves
  • the utilization rate of valley electricity plays the role of peak-shaving and valley-filling (ie peak-shaving).
  • the housing 1 is provided with a door 11, and the electric heater 21 is installed on the door 11.
  • the electric heater 21 fails, the electric heater 21 can be repaired or replaced by opening the door 11.
  • the periphery of the door body 11 is sealed with the housing 1 to prevent the air in the housing 1 from leaking through the gap between the door body 11 and the housing 1 and improve the energy utilization rate.
  • the temperature control assembly includes two temperature detectors, of which one temperature detector is disposed in the housing 1 and one temperature detector is disposed at the air outlet 12.
  • the temperature detector located in the housing 1 includes four first thermocouples 51.
  • the four first thermocouples 51 are all connected to the control system and are all installed on the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the first thermocouple 51 can detect the temperature of the air in the housing 1 in real time during the heat storage phase, so that the temperature of the air in the housing 1 is lower than the melting point of the phase change material by about 30° C. to avoid thermal decomposition of the phase change material.
  • the temperature detector located at the air outlet 12 includes a second thermocouple 52.
  • the second thermocouple 52 can detect the temperature of the air at the air outlet 12 in real time during the heat release phase to adjust the working state of the external device (fan, etc.) Thereby adjusting the air flow speed and adjusting the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the air supply system includes a number of fans 31, each fan 31 is connected to the control system, the number of fans 31 is divided into two groups of the same number, and each group of fans 31 is installed in a shell located below the electric heating wire On the inner wall of body 1.
  • a wind shield 7 is also provided in the second air duct 102.
  • two wind shields 7 are provided, and each wind shield 7 is disposed on an electric heating wire and a group of fans corresponding thereto Between 31.
  • One side of the windshield 7 is connected to the heat insulation layer 6, and the other side is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and each windshield 7 is provided with a switch 71 at a position opposite to each fan 31 corresponding thereto.
  • the fan 31 works, and the switch 71 is opened, and the second air duct 102 is opened.
  • the fan 31 can drive the heated air in the housing 1 to circulate through the second air duct 102 and the first air duct 101.
  • the fan 31 stops working, at this time the switch 71 is closed, and the air that exchanges heat with the phase change material can only be discharged from the air outlet 12 through the first air duct 101, to avoid air flowing through the second air duct at this time 102, reduce the heat release efficiency.
  • the switching element 17 is a one-way valve; it can also be a movable plate. When the fan 31 is in operation, the movable plate is blown up to open. When the fan 31 is not in operation, the movable plate is closed due to its own gravity.
  • the control system controls the electric heating wire, the fan 31, and the first thermocouple 51 to work, the electric heating wire heats the air in the housing 1, the fan 31 drives the housing
  • the heated air in the body 1 circulates through the second air duct 102 and the first air duct 101 (at this time, the switch 71 is turned on), the heated air passes through the energy storage tank 41 and the fins 411 to exchange heat with the phase change material ,
  • the solid phase change gradually absorbs heat, and then the phase change material produces a phase change (solid to liquid) endothermic, and can continue to absorb heat after the phase change material becomes liquid, thereby realizing the storage of thermal energy
  • the first thermocouple 51 is real-time
  • the temperature of the heated air in the housing 1 is detected, and a real-time feedback signal is sent to the control system.
  • the control system controls and adjusts the heating power of the electric heating wire according to the detection data of the first thermocouple 51.
  • both the air outlet 12 and the air inlet 13 are open, the electric heating wire and the fan 31 are not working, and the external air (exhaust fan, etc.) is used to promote the heat of the phase change material in the external air and the energy storage tank 41
  • the exchange causes the phase change material to generate a phase change (liquid to solid) and release heat
  • the second thermocouple 52 detects the air temperature of the air port in real time, and adjusts the air flow rate by adjusting the working state of external equipment (extractor, etc.). Adjust heat exchange efficiency.
  • the energy storage device can also pass industrial waste heat into the housing 1 through the fluid medium (wind, oil, water, etc.) through the air inlet 13 or the air outlet 12, the fluid medium and the phase change material pass through the energy storage tank 41 and the fin
  • the piece 411 performs heat exchange, uses the sensible and latent heat of the phase change material to store thermal energy, and realizes the recovery and reuse of thermal energy.
  • the energy storage device can also be used for other heat such as heat in flue gas Recycling, etc.

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Abstract

本申请公开一种蓄能装置，该蓄能装置包括壳体（1）、温控系统、送风系统和蓄能系统（4），壳体（1）上开设有气口；温控系统被配置为加热壳体（1）内的空气，并检测壳体（1）内空气的温度；送风系统被配置为带动壳体（1）内的空气流动；蓄能系统（4）设置于壳体（1）内，且蓄能系统（4）内设置有相变材料，相变材料能够通过相变进行蓄热或放热。

Description

蓄能装置
本申请要求于2018年12月19日在中华人民共和国专利局提交的、申请号为201822134808.5、发明名称为“一种蓄能装置”的中华人民共和国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能利用技术领域，具体涉及一种蓄能装置。
 背景技术
这里的陈述仅提供与本申请有关的背景信息，而不必然构成现有技术。随着经济的高度发展和人民生活水平的提高，社会对能源的需求也显著增加。然而，在白天高峰时期用电量急剧增大的同时，夜间谷电却浪费严重，另外，工业余热浪费、植物秸秆燃烧浪费、废弃物燃烧浪费等现象比比皆是。因此，为了实现对谷电、工业余热等能源充分利用，采用蓄能技术，比如熔盐显热蓄能，将谷电转化为热能进行储存，等到需要时可以转化为电能，也可以直接利用储存的热能。
相关技术中熔盐蓄能装置，主要运用熔盐材料的显热段蓄能，操作复杂，储存热量能力有限，没有充分利用熔盐蓄能能力较大的潜热进行蓄能，故导致熔盐蓄能装置体积较大，成本较高。
 技术问题
本申请实施例的目的之一在于：提供一种蓄能装置，以解决现有技术中存在的熔盐蓄能装置操作复杂、蓄能能力小、体积较大等问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例采用的技术方案是：
一方面提供了一种蓄能装置，包括：
壳体，其上开设有气口；
温控系统，被配置为加热所述壳体内的空气，并检测所述壳体内的空气的温度和所述气口温度；
送风系统，被配置为带动所述壳体内的空气流动；
蓄能系统，设置于所述壳体内，且所述蓄能系统内设置有相变材料，所述相变材料能够进行蓄热或放热。
在一个实施例中，所述蓄能系统包括若干蓄能罐，每个所述蓄能罐内均设置有所述相变材料，且任意相邻的两个所述蓄能罐之间形成第一风道。
在一个实施例中，每个所述蓄能罐顶部均开设有通孔。
在一个实施例中，还包括保温层，所处保温层包覆于所述蓄能系统的外周，且与所述壳体的内壁之间形成第二风道。
在一个实施例中，还包括挡风板，所述挡风板位于所述第二风道内，被配置为在所述相变材料蓄热或放热时开启或关闭所述第二风道。
在一个实施例中，所述送风系统包括风机，所述风机安装于所述壳体的内壁。
在一个实施例中，所述温控系统包括加热组件和温控组件，所述加热组件和所述温控组件均安装于所述壳体的内壁。
在一个实施例中，所述温控组件包括两个温度检测器，其中一个所述温度检测器设置于所述壳体内，另一个所述温度检测器设置于所述气口处。
在一个实施例中，所述加热组件包括电加热器，所述电加热器安装于所述壳体的内壁。
在一个实施例中，所述相变材料为有机相变材料、金属相变材料和复合相变材料中的任意一种。
在一个实施例中，所述蓄能系统包括若干蓄能罐和保温层，每个所述蓄能罐内均设置有所述相变材料，且任意相邻的两个所述蓄能罐之间形成第一风道，所处保温层包覆于所述蓄能系统的外周，且与所述壳体的内壁之间形成第二风道。
在上述实施例中可选地，每个所述蓄能罐顶部均开设有通孔。
在上述实施例中可选地，还包括挡风板，所述挡风板位于所述第二风道内，被配置为在所述相变材料蓄热或放热时开启或关闭所述第二风道。
另一方面提供一种蓄能装置，包括：
壳体，其上开设有气口；
温控系统，被配置为加热所述壳体内的空气，并检测所述壳体内和所述气口处的空气的温度；
送风系统，被配置为带动所述壳体内的空气流动；
蓄能系统，设置于所述壳体内，且所述蓄能系统内设置有相变材料，所述相变材料能够进行蓄热或放热；
保温层，所处保温层包覆于所述蓄能系统的外周，且与所述壳体的内壁之间形成第二风道；
挡风板，所述挡风板位于所述第二风道内，被配置为在所述相变材料蓄热或放热时开启或关闭所述第二风道；
其中，所述蓄能系统包括若干蓄能罐，每个所述蓄能罐内均设置有所述相变材料，且任意相邻的两个所述蓄能罐之间形成第一风道；所述温控系统包括加热组件和温控组件，所述加热组件和所述温控组件均安装于所述壳体的内壁。
 有益效果
本申请实施例提供的蓄能装置的有益效果在于：在蓄热阶段，气口关闭，温控系统加热壳体内的空气，送风系统带动被加热的空气流动与相变材料换热，处于固态的相变材料逐渐吸热，随后相变材料产生相变（固态到液态）继续吸热，在相变材料变为液态后能够继续吸热进行热能的储存。在放热阶段，气口打开，在外部设备（风机等）的作用下，相变材料与壳体和外界的空气进行热交换，相变材料产生相变（液态到固态）进行放热，对储存的热能进行释放。通过利用相变材料的显热和潜热进行热能的储存，能够提高能量储存密度，在相同蓄能能力下，能够有效地减小蓄能装置的体积，降低成本。此外，通过温控系统能够检测壳体内的空气的温度，避免空气温度过高，导致相变材料热分解。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或示范性技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本申请提供的蓄能装置的侧向剖视图；
图2是本申请提供的蓄能装置内部结构的俯视图。
图中：
1、壳体；11、门体；12、出气口；13、进气口；
21、电加热器；
31、风机；
4、蓄能系统；41、蓄能罐；411、翅片；42、安装件；43、支撑件；
51、第一热电偶；52、第二热电偶；
6、保温层；
7、挡风板；71、开关件；
101、第一风道；102、第二风道。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本申请。
需说明的是，当部件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个部件，它可以直接在另一个部件上或者间接在该另一个部件上。当一个部件被称为是“连接于”另一个部件，它可以是直接或者间接连接至该另一个部件上。术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于便于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明技术特征的数量。“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”或“实施例”意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此，在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例，而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。此外，在一个或多个实施例中，可以以任何合适的方式组合特定的特征、结构或特性。
为了说明本申请所述的技术方案，以下结合具体附图及实施例进行详细说明。
图1为本实施例中蓄能装置的侧向剖视图；图2为本实施例中蓄能装置内部结构的俯视图。如图1和图2所示，本实施例提供的蓄能装置包括壳体1、温控系统、送风系统、蓄能系统4和控制系统（图中未示出），加热系统、温控系统和送风系统均连接于控制系统，控制系统为现有技术中常见的控制结构，在此不再赘述。
其中，壳体1上开设有气口，气口包括出气口12和进气口13，出气口12设置于壳体1顶部，进气口13设置于壳体1底部，且在本实施例中，壳体1内壁面上设置有耐高温保温棉，比如硅酸铝保温棉，当然在其他实施例中，壳体1还可以由耐火保温材料浇筑而成，并在该浇筑材料外围包裹保温棉。温控系统能够加热壳体1内的空气，并检测壳体1内和出气口的空气的温度。送风系统能够带动壳体1内的空气流动。蓄能系统4设置于壳体1内，且蓄能系统4内设置有相变材料，相变材料能够通过相变蓄热或放热，在本实施例中，相变材料为熔盐，当然在其他实施例中，相变材料还可以为有机相变材料、金属相变材料和复合相变材料等。
在蓄热阶段，出气口12和进气口13均关闭，温控系统加热壳体1内的空气，送风系统带动被加热的空气流动与相变材料换热，处于固态的相变材料逐渐吸热，随后相变材料产生相变（固态到液态）继续吸热，在相变材料变为液态后还能够继续吸热，通过利用相变材料的显热和潜热进行热能的储存，能够提高能量储存密度，在相同蓄能能力下，能够有效地减小蓄能装置的体积，降低成本。而在放热阶段，出气口12和进气口13均打开，在外部设备（风机等）的作用下，相变材料通过蓄能罐41和外界的空气进行热交换，相变材料产生相变（液态到固态）进行放热，对储存的热能进行释放。
此外，通过温控系统能够检测壳体1内的空气的温度，避免空气温度过高，导致相变材料热分解。而且利用壳体1内本身存在的空气作为流体介质，能够有效地降低成本。
如图1和图2所示，蓄能系统4包括若干蓄能罐41、安装件42和支撑件43，支撑件43安装于壳体1内部的底面上，在本实施例中，支撑件43包括若干角钢件，相邻的两个角钢件43之间具有一定的间隙，供空气流通。安装件42安装于若干角钢件上，若干蓄能罐41呈矩形阵列布设于安装件42上，任意相邻的两个蓄能罐41之间形成第一风道101。在本实施例中，蓄能罐41为圆柱形结构，安装件42为金属板，比如钢板等，为了便于壳体1内的空气经第一风道101与蓄能罐41内的相变材料进行热交换，安装件42上开设有通风孔（图中未示出），当然在其他实施例中，安装件42还可以为能够蓄能罐41提供支撑的结构，且空气能够通过安装件42进入到第一风道101内。
此外，每个蓄能罐41内均设置有翅片411，在本实施例中，翅片411为十字交叉状金属板，由导热金属（铜、铁、不锈钢等制成）。通过翅片411能够增加蓄能罐41与相变材料的换热面积，便于空气与相变材料间热量传递，提高热交换的效率。另外，每个蓄能罐41顶部还设有通孔（图中未示出），在本实施例中，每个蓄能罐41上设置有两个通孔，且两个通孔相对设置。通过设置两个通孔，不仅能够蓄能罐41内部和外部压力平衡，避免蓄能罐41内相变材料受热导致蓄能罐41内压力增加而易破损或爆炸，而且便于蓄能罐41的吊装。
如图1和图2所示，该蓄能装置还包括保温层6，保温层6包覆于若干蓄能罐41的外周，保温层6的两个相对的侧面与壳体1的内壁相抵接，而保温层6另外两个相对的侧面和壳体1的内壁之间形成第二风道102，第二风道102通过储能罐41和壳体1内部顶面之间的间隙与第一风道101相连通，在本实施例中，保温层6可以为硅酸铝保温棉等耐高温保温材料，当然在其他实施例中，保温层6也可以由高温耐火材料浇注料而成。在蓄热阶段，壳体1内被加热的空气在送风系统的作用下可沿第一风道101和第二风道102循环流动，进而通过蓄能罐41和翅片411与相变材料进行热交换，而且保温层6能够避免与加热系统相对的蓄能罐41内的相变材料过热而热分解。
如图1和图2所示，温控系统包括加热组件和温控组件，其中加热组件包括电加热器21，电加热器21安装于壳体1的内壁，且位于第二风道102内。此外，电加热器21电连接于控制系统。在本实施例中，电加热器21为电加热丝，且电加热丝21设置有两组，两组电加热丝21分别设置于壳体1两个相对的内壁面上。在谷电时段，谷电传递到电加热器21加热壳体1内的空气，通过送风组件使得被加热的空气与相变材料产生热交换，固态相变材料逐渐吸热，随后相变材料产生相变（固态到液态）进行吸热，并且在相变材料变为液态后能够继续吸热，从而实现热能的储存，而在峰电时段，相变材料再将储存的热能释放，提高了谷电的利用率，从而起到削峰填谷（即调峰）的作用。
此外，为了便于对电加热器21进行维修或更换，壳体1上设置有门体11，电加热器21安装于门体11上。当电加热器21出现故障时，能够通过打开门体11对电加热器21进行维修或更换。而当电加热器21正常工作时，门体11的四周与壳体1密封贴合，避免壳体1内的空气通过门体11和壳体1之间的缝隙漏出，提高能量的利用率。
温控组件包括两个温度检测器，其中一个温度检测器设置于壳体1内，一个温度检测器设置于出气口12处。在本实施例中，位于壳体1内的温度检测器包括四个第一热电偶51，四个第一热电偶51均连接于控制系统，且均安装于壳体1的内壁上，四个第一热电偶51能够在蓄热阶段实时检测壳体1内的空气的温度，使得壳体1内空气的温度低于相变材料的熔点约30℃，避免相变材料热分解。而位于出气口12处的温度检测器包括一个第二热电偶52，第二热电偶52能够在放热阶段实时检测出气口12处的空气的温度，以调整外部设备（风机等）的工作状态从而调整空气的流动速度，调整换热效率。
如图1和图2所示，送风系统包括若干风机31，每个风机31均连接于控制系统，若干风机31分成数量相同的两组，每组风机31安装于位于电加热丝下方的壳体1内壁上。
此外，在第二风道102内还设置有挡风板7，在本实施例中，挡风板7设置有两个，每个挡风板7设置于电加热丝和与其对应的一组风机31之间。挡风板7一侧连接于保温层6，另一侧连接于壳体1的内壁，且每个挡风板7上与与其对应的每个风机31相对的位置均设置有开关件71。在蓄热阶段，风机31工作，此时开关件71打开，第二风道102开启，风机31能够带动壳体1内被加热的空气经第二风道102和第一风道101循环流动。而在放热阶段，风机31停止工作，此时开关件71闭合，与相变材料进行热交换的空气只能经第一风道101从出气口12排出，避免此时空气流经第二风道102，降低放热效率。在本实施例中，开关件17为单向阀；还可以为活动板，风机31工作时将活动板吹起而开启，风机31不工作时，活动板由于自身重力而闭合。
以下将对该蓄能装置的工作过程进行详细的说明。
1.在蓄热阶段，出气口12和进气口13均关闭，控制系统控制电加热丝、风机31、第一热电偶51工作，电加热丝加热壳体1内的空气，风机31带动壳体1内被加热的空气经第二风道102、第一风道101循环流动（此时，开关件71开启），被加热的空气通过蓄能罐41和翅片411与相变材料热交换，固态相变逐渐吸热，随后相变材料产生相变（固态到液态）吸热，并且在相变材料变为液态后能够继续吸热，从而实现热能的储存，并且第一热电偶51实时检测壳体1内被加热的空气的温度，并实时反馈信号到控制系统，控制系统根据第一热电偶51的检测数据控制调整电加热丝的加热功率。
2.在放热阶段，出气口12和进气口13均打开，电加热丝、风机31均不工作，通过外部设备（抽风机等）促使外界空气与蓄能罐41内的相变材料热交换，使得相变材料产生相变（液态到固态）而放热，并且第二热电偶52实时检测气口的空气温度，通过调整外部设备（抽风机等）的工作状态从而调整空气的流动速度，调整换热效率。
该蓄能装置还可通过进气口13或出气口12将工业余热通过流体介质（风、油和水等）通入到壳体1内，流体介质与相变材料通过蓄能罐41和翅片411进行热交换，利用相变材料的显热和潜热进行热能的储存，实现热能的回收和再利用，当然在其他实施例中，该蓄能装置还可用于其他比如烟气中的热量的回收等。
以上仅为本申请的可选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 蓄能装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体（1），其上开设有气口；
    温控系统，被配置为加热所述壳体（1）内的空气，并检测所述壳体（1）内和所述气口处的空气的温度；
    送风系统，被配置为带动所述壳体（1）内的空气流动；
    蓄能系统（4），设置于所述壳体（1）内，且所述蓄能系统（4）内设置有相变材料，所述相变材料能够进行蓄热或放热。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，所述蓄能系统（4）包括若干蓄能罐（41），每个所述蓄能罐（41）内均设置有所述相变材料，且任意相邻的两个所述蓄能罐（41）之间形成第一风道（101）。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，每个所述蓄能罐（41）顶部均开设有通孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，还包括保温层（6），所处保温层（6）包覆于所述蓄能系统（4）的外周，且与所述壳体（1）的内壁之间形成第二风道（102）。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，还包括挡风板（7），所述挡风板（7）位于所述第二风道（102）内，被配置为在所述相变材料蓄热或放热时开启或关闭所述第二风道（102）。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，所述送风系统包括风机（31），所述风机（31）安装于所述壳体（1）的内壁。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，所述温控系统包括加热组件和温控组件，所述加热组件和所述温控组件均安装于所述壳体（1）的内壁。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，所述温控组件包括两个温度检测器，其中一个所述温度检测器设置于所述壳体（1）内，另一个所述温度检测器设置于所述气口处。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，所述加热组件包括电加热器（21），所述电加热器（21）安装于所述壳体（1）的内壁。
  10. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，所述相变材料为有机相变材料、金属相变材料和复合相变材料中的任意一种。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，所述蓄能系统（4）包括若干蓄能罐（41）和保温层（6），每个所述蓄能罐（41）内均设置有所述相变材料，且任意相邻的两个所述蓄能罐（41）之间形成第一风道（101），所处保温层（6）包覆于所述蓄能系统（4）的外周，且与所述壳体（1）的内壁之间形成第二风道（102）。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，每个所述蓄能罐（41）顶部均开设有通孔。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的蓄能装置，其特征在于，还包括挡风板（7），所述挡风板（7）位于所述第二风道（102）内，被配置为在所述相变材料蓄热或放热时开启或关闭所述第二风道（102）。
  14. 蓄能装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体（1），其上开设有气口；
    温控系统，被配置为加热所述壳体（1）内的空气，并检测所述壳体（1）内和所述气口处的空气的温度；
    送风系统，被配置为带动所述壳体（1）内的空气流动；
    蓄能系统（4），设置于所述壳体（1）内，且所述蓄能系统（4）内设置有相变材料，所述相变材料能够进行蓄热或放热；
    保温层（6），所处保温层（6）包覆于所述蓄能系统（4）的外周，且与所述壳体（1）的内壁之间形成第二风道（102）；
    挡风板（7），所述挡风板（7）位于所述第二风道（102）内，被配置为在所述相变材料蓄热或放热时开启或关闭所述第二风道（102）；
    其中，所述蓄能系统（4）包括若干蓄能罐（41），每个所述蓄能罐（41）内均设置有所述相变材料，且任意相邻的两个所述蓄能罐（41）之间形成第一风道（101）；所述温控系统包括加热组件和温控组件，所述加热组件和所述温控组件均安装于所述壳体（1）的内壁。
PCT/CN2019/130947 2018-12-19 2019-12-31 蓄能装置 WO2020125809A1 (zh)

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