WO2020125571A1 - 立式旋转除尘器 - Google Patents

立式旋转除尘器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125571A1
WO2020125571A1 PCT/CN2019/125539 CN2019125539W WO2020125571A1 WO 2020125571 A1 WO2020125571 A1 WO 2020125571A1 CN 2019125539 W CN2019125539 W CN 2019125539W WO 2020125571 A1 WO2020125571 A1 WO 2020125571A1
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chamber
dust
rotating
flue gas
decontamination
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PCT/CN2019/125539
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English (en)
French (fr)
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方强
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方强
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/60—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D46/00 and B01D47/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of rotary dust collectors, in particular to a vertical rotary dust collector.
  • the vertical rotary dust collector is an improvement, improvement and perfection of the technical scheme "Rotary Dust Collector” authorized by the National Patent Office, patent number ZL200710041321.6.
  • the invention provides a vertical rotary dust collector with a vertically rotating main shaft, which includes a dust removal rotary chamber, a dust accumulation chamber, and a plurality of wet decontamination rotary chambers, which are specially designed for dry decontamination containing smoke in the flue gas Rotating chamber, and automatic measurement and microcomputer control system for the above chamber process.
  • the outer surface of the dust removal rotating chamber is a cylindrical chamber up and down horizontally, an air inlet is at the center of the lower surface, and a vertical main shaft is placed at the bottom of the air inlet
  • the upward motor drives the parabolic rotating blades clamped between the upper and lower surfaces of the chamber and connected to the shaft.
  • two air outlets of the rotary dust removal chamber are opened 90 degrees apart, and the air outlet of the rotary dust removal chamber In the horizontal direction, the upper and lower widths are smaller than the upper and lower widths of the rotating blades.
  • the purpose is to make the unaccelerated flue gas in the gap between the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating dedusting chamber and the rotating blades subject to the "right-angle bending plug" and cannot directly flow into the dust collection chamber.
  • the unaccelerated flue gas can only be accelerated under the pressure of the "right-angle bend plug” to flow out of the air outlet of the rotary dust removal chamber.
  • the air outlet of the rotary dust removal chamber is also the air inlet of the dust collection chamber
  • the dust collection chamber is a box-shaped device that is concentric with the periphery of the dust collection chamber.
  • the bottom of the dust collecting chamber is filled with water, and a smooth parabolic baffle is provided at the entrance of the dust collecting chamber.
  • the flue gas flowing into the dust collecting chamber at high speed falls into the water under the action of the smooth parabolic baffle, and the parabolic surface in the dust collecting chamber Above the baffle, a steel wire filter woven from steel balls of the brush bowl is installed horizontally.
  • the steel wire filter is drenched with water, which can further adhere particles in the flue gas and remove some pollutants in the flue gas.
  • a dust basket equipped with wheels is placed at the bottom of the cavity. The dust basket can enter the slag outlet connected to the bottom of the dust chamber through horizontal traction. After the dust basket has completely entered the slag outlet, close the connection between the dust chamber and the slag outlet.
  • the isolation door can be opened by opening the slag outlet of the slag lane, and multiple water spray nozzles are placed in the space of the dust accumulation chamber.
  • the computer controls the spray of water spray to reduce the temperature of the flue gas at the right time.
  • the decontamination rotation chamber is provided directly above the dedusting rotation chamber, and the air inlet of the decontamination rotation chamber is the outlet of the dust accumulation chamber Air ports, the air inlets of the four decontamination rotating chambers are 90 degrees apart from each other, they are offset 45 degrees up and down from the air inlet of the dust collection chamber, the main structure of the decontamination rotating chamber is a rotating shaft in the vertical direction
  • the corrosion-resistant mesh material evenly divides the cylinder into 16 fan-shaped cylindrical spaces with 22.5 degrees at the top and bottom or 11.25 degrees at the 32 upper and lower bases.
  • 16 fan-shaped cylindrical spaces with 22.5 degrees at the top and bottom Every other room is filled with debris made of corrosion-resistant materials similar to dishwashing steel balls.
  • These fan-filled cylindrical spaces with the upper and lower bottoms of the debris are 22.5 degrees or 11.25 degrees to form a rotating catch net, which rotates.
  • the device for supplying liquid to the sewage catching net includes three aspects: one is the spraying device to ensure that the liquid flows to the surface of the debris in the rotating catching net; the second is the liquid supply tank for storing the detergent, and the third is the supply Liquid microcomputer control device.
  • the structure of the dry decontamination rotary chamber is different from the above wet decontamination rotary chamber except that the interior of the rotary decontamination net is filled with fibers, Including plant dry residue and cotton and linen, but no liquid supply device.
  • the microcomputer automatic control system includes three parts, one is the detection part, including the flue gas entering the rotary dust removal chamber, the entrance and exit of the dust accumulation chamber Real-time measurement of flue gas, flue gas inside and out of the decontamination rotating chamber and the gas finally sent to the atmosphere to measure the concentration of particulate matter, the composition and concentration of pollutants and the temperature, pressure and flow rate of flue gas;
  • the input program has been analyzed and processed online; the third is to execute, mainly the servo motor executes the computer commands, such as adjusting the speed of the motor, increasing or decreasing the spray amount of chemical liquid, etc.
  • Figure 1 of the specification is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a neutral rotary dust collector of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 Figure 2 of the specification is the I-I horizontal cross-sectional structure diagram in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 of the specification is a II-II horizontal sectional structure diagram in FIG. 1.
  • the dry decontamination rotation chamber is also not shown Chamber
  • 20-pipe of the second-stage wet decontamination rotating chamber through which the decontamination reactants and dust accumulate 21-first wet decontamination rotation chamber, 22-second wet decontamination rotation chamber, 23 -Sensor detection point symbol "X”, 24-computer control point symbol "*”, 25-vertical rotary dust collector shell, 26-spray detergent, 27-water mist nozzle.
  • the vertical rotary dust collector changes the rotating main shaft to the vertical direction, and its "vertical type” is suitable for flue gas to enter the rotary dust collector from below. After treatment, the flow direction is discharged from the upper part of the rotary dust collector to the space; at the same time, the "vertical type” is also suitable for The treated pollutants (particulate matter and decontamination reactant) in the flue gas flow from top to bottom into the dust collecting chamber by gravity; finally, the "vertical” saves more land than the horizontal.
  • the main structure of the dust collector with a vertical rotating spindle includes four parts: a dust removal rotating chamber, a wet decontamination rotating chamber, a dry decontamination rotating chamber, a dust accumulation chamber and a microcomputer control.
  • the flue gas discharged from the boiler enters the dust removal rotating chamber through the air inlet at the lowermost part of the vertical rotary dust collector.
  • the outer surface of the dust-removing rotating chamber is a cylindrical chamber up and down.
  • the center of the lower surface is the air inlet.
  • At the bottom of the air inlet is a motor with the main shaft vertically upward.
  • the motor drives the clamp connected between the upper and lower surfaces of the chamber and the shaft.
  • the parabolic rotating blades rotate at high speed, so that the flue gas flows to the cylindrical surface in the radial direction.
  • On the cylindrical surface four air outlets of the rotary dust removal chamber are opened 90 degrees apart from each other.
  • the air outlet of the rotary dust removal chamber faces the horizontal direction, and its upper and lower widths are smaller than the upper and lower widths of the rotating blades.
  • the purpose is to make the upper and lower surfaces of the rotary dust removal chamber and
  • the unaccelerated flue gas in the gap between the rotating blades cannot be directly flowed into the dust collection chamber due to the effect of "right-angle curved plug".
  • the unaccelerated flue gas can only be accelerated under the pressure of the "right-angle curved plug" to remove the dust from the rotating dust chamber
  • the air outlet flows out.
  • the air outlet of the rotary dust removal chamber is also the air inlet of the dust collection chamber.
  • the dust collection chamber is a box-shaped device that is concentric with the periphery of the dust collection chamber.
  • the bottom of the dust collection chamber contains water.
  • the entrance of the dust collection chamber is provided with a smooth parabolic baffle.
  • the flue gas flowing into the dust collection chamber at high speed is on the smooth parabolic surface.
  • particles with a particle size greater than 1 micrometer in the flue gas (the inertial centrifugal force is greater than the gas molecules by 10 to the power of 9-10) have fallen into the water.
  • a steel wire mesh woven from steel balls of the brush bowl is installed horizontally.
  • the steel wire mesh is drenched with water, which can further adhere to the particulate matter in the flue gas and remove part of the flue gas Pollutants (such as the reaction of water with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas), and at the same time, the steel wire filter screen slows the gas flow rate in the dust chamber.
  • a dust basket equipped with wheels is placed at the bottom of the dust collection chamber. The dust collection basket can enter the slag outlet connected to the bottom of the dust collection chamber by horizontal traction. After the dust basket has completely entered the slag outlet, close the connection between the dust collection chamber and the outlet The isolation door of the slag lane can be opened by opening the slag door of the slag lane.
  • the function of the isolation door is to isolate the air pressure in the dust accumulation chamber from the outside atmospheric pressure, and at the same time, prevent the water in the dust accumulation chamber from flowing out indiscriminately.
  • a number of water mist nozzles are placed in the space of the dust chamber, which is controlled by a microcomputer. When the temperature of the flue gas is too high, the spray nozzle sprays mist water and can quickly evaporate and absorb heat to cool the flue gas (the temperature of the flue gas can reach 180 degrees Celsius) It has no effect on the dust removal rotating chamber, but has a direct effect on the subsequent decontamination rotating chamber, and the liquid detergent will evaporate at high temperature).
  • the 99.9% of the particulate smoke that has passed through the steel wire filter enters the wet decontamination rotating chamber from the upper part of the dust collection chamber.
  • the wet decontamination rotary chamber is set directly above the dust removal rotary chamber (for ultra-large industrial boilers, it must be set independently), the air inlet of the wet decontamination rotary chamber is the air outlet of the dust accumulation chamber, four decontamination
  • the air inlets of the rotating chamber are separated by 90 degrees, and they are offset by 45 degrees from the air inlet of the dust chamber.
  • the main structure of the wet decontamination rotating chamber is a variable speed motor with a rotating shaft in the vertical direction, the fan blade driven by the variable speed motor, the rotating dirt catching net rotating with the fan blade, and providing the decontamination for the rotating dirt catching net Sewage chemical liquid, that is, the supply device of the detergent.
  • the rotating dirt catching net is a corrosion-resistant mesh material that evenly divides the cylinder into 16 fan-shaped cylindrical spaces with an upper and lower base of 22.5 degrees (it can also be divided into 32 up and down The bottom is 11.25 degrees), every other one of the 16 fan-column spaces with a bottom of 22.5 degrees is filled with scraps made of corrosion-resistant materials similar to dishwashing steel balls, for example, the scraps can be milled Broken walnut shells, these fan-shaped cylindrical spaces filled with debris at the upper and lower bottoms are 22.5 degrees, which constitutes a wet rotary catching net, a device for providing liquid to the wet rotating catching net, which includes three aspects: one is spraying shower device to ensure that the liquid flows to the surface of the debris in the rotary catching net; the second is the liquid supply tank for storing detergent; the third is the control device for the liquid supply.
  • the time for the flue gas to flow through the 8 non-debris-free space channels is more than 4 times the time that the rotary catcher sweeps through 22.5 degrees, ensuring that the rotary catcher sweeps all the smoke.
  • wet decontamination rotating chambers can be equipped with one or more according to the type of gas contaminants removed.
  • the sprayed decontamination chemical liquid may be lime water.
  • the rotating catching net sprayed with lime water rotates at high speed, encounters sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, and immediately reacts to form calcium sulfate, and is thrown onto the cylindrical surface of the wet decontamination rotating chamber by inertial centrifugal force, and finally flows into the accumulated dust Cavity.
  • the dust removal rotary chamber and the decontamination rotary chamber are all provided with a cleaning door, so that they can be cleaned when the machine is stopped (the cleaning door is not shown in the drawings in the specification).
  • variable speed motor is installed in the decontamination rotating chamber, which is to completely solve the problem of pollutants in the flue gas.
  • the pollutants in the flue gas must be removed by the mutual reaction of the detergents, and this is related to the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the flue gas before and after the flue gas. Therefore, the decontamination rotating chamber needs a variable speed motor and needs to establish a Set of complete microcomputer automatic control system.
  • dry decontamination rotating chamber which has the same structure as the wet decontamination rotating chamber, except that the rotating dirt trap is filled with fibers, dry plant residue and Cotton and linen, and no longer install water mist nozzle.
  • the dry decontamination rotating chamber is not shown in the drawings of the specification.
  • the microcomputer automatic control system includes three parts.
  • the first part is the detection part, which includes real-time real-time detection of flue gas entering the rotary dust removal chamber, flue gas at the entrance and exit of the dust collection chamber, wet and dry decontamination rotary chamber interior and exit, and the gas finally sent to the atmosphere
  • the content of the measurement is the concentration of particulate matter, the composition and concentration of pollutants, and the temperature, pressure and flow rate of flue gas
  • the second is the online analysis and processing of the computer according to the input program
  • the third is the execution, mainly the execution of the computer by the servo motor Commands, such as adjusting the speed of the motor, increasing or decreasing the spray amount of chemical liquid, etc.
  • the working process of the vertical rotary dust collector the flue gas enters the dust-removing rotating chamber 2 from the flue gas inlet 1 under the action of the dust-removing rotary motor 1 driving the dust-removing rotary blade 4, and the flue gas enters the accumulation due to the low pressure formed by the high speed of the rotary blade
  • the air inlet 5 of the dust chamber, the particulate matter in the flue gas includes part of the fine dust guided by the parabolic baffle 6 and falls into the water 7 at the bottom of the dust chamber.
  • the flue gas that has not fallen into the water passes through the steel wire filter 8 part of the fine dust and gas After the pollutants are processed, they enter the air inlet 9 of the wet decontamination rotating chamber.
  • Fine dust and gas contaminants will be sprayed with the surface of the multi-layer close-packed rotating dirt trap in the wet decontamination rotating chamber many times. 16 Contact, gaseous pollutants will react with the detergent to form a decontamination reactant, the fine dust will be adhered to the dust in the liquid in the detergent, and finally be thrown toward the wall of the decontamination rotating chamber at high speed, and finally It flows into the dust chamber under the action of gravity. The flue gas that has undergone the above series of treatments finally becomes a clean gas that meets national standards and is discharged into the atmosphere from the air outlet 19 of the last decontamination rotating chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，包括一个除尘旋转腔室（2），一个积尘腔，多个湿式去污旋转腔室（21,22），专对烟气中含有油烟的干式去污旋转腔室，以及对腔室工艺过程自动测量和微机控制系统。烟气从烟气入口（0）进入除尘旋转腔室（2），在旋转叶片（4）高速形成的低气压带动下，烟气进入积尘腔进气口（5），烟气中的颗粒物经抛物面形挡板（6）引导落入积尘腔底部水中，未落入水中的烟气通过钢丝过滤网（8）得到处理后进入湿式去污旋转腔室进气口（9），微尘和气体污染物在湿式去污旋转腔室（21,22）将多次与表面喷洒了去污剂的旋转擒污网（16）接触。经处理的烟气成为符合国家标准的洁净气体从最后一个去污旋转腔室出气口（19）排出。

Description

立式旋转除尘器 技术领域
本发明涉及旋转除尘器领域，尤其涉及一种立式旋转除尘器。
背景技术
立式旋转除尘器是对国家专利局授权给本人的发明专利《旋转除尘器》，专利号为ZL200710041321.6的技术方案的改进、提高和完善。
发明内容
本发明提出一种竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，它包括一个除尘旋转腔室，一个积尘腔，多个湿式去污旋转腔室，专对烟气中含有油烟的干式去污旋转腔室，以及对上述腔室工艺过程自动测量和微机控制系统。
进一步地，在所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器中，除尘旋转腔室外表是上下水平的圆柱形腔室，下表面中央为进气口，进气口底部安放了主轴竖直向上的电动机，电动机带动夹在腔室上下表面之间连在轴上的抛物线形的旋转叶片，圆柱面上两两相隔90度开了四个旋转除尘腔室出气口，旋转除尘腔室出气口面对水平方向，其上下宽度小于旋转叶片的上下宽度，目的是使旋转除尘腔室上下表面和旋转叶片之间间隙的未加速的烟气受到“直角弯堵”的作用不能直接流入积尘腔，未加速的烟气在“直角弯堵”的压迫下只能被加速才能从旋转除尘腔室出气口流出。
进一步地，在所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器中，旋转除尘腔室出气口也是积尘腔的进气口，积尘腔是围着除尘腔外围与其同心的盒状装置,积尘腔底部盛水，积尘腔入口处设有光滑的抛物面形挡板，高速流入积尘腔的烟气， 在光滑的抛物面形挡板的作用下纷纷落入水中，积尘腔内抛物面形挡板之上水平安装了由刷碗的钢丝球织成的钢丝过滤网，钢丝过滤网淋有水，它可以进一步粘去烟气中的颗粒物和去除烟气中的部分污染物，积尘腔底部安放了装有轮子的积尘篮，积尘篮可通过水平牵引进入连接在积尘腔底部的出渣巷，积尘篮完全进入出渣巷后，关闭连接积尘腔与出渣巷的隔离门，开启出渣巷的出渣门，即可出渣,积尘腔空间还安放了多个水雾喷头,由微机控制适时喷出水雾降低烟气的温度.
进一步地，在所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器中，去污旋转腔室设置在除尘旋转腔室的正上方，去污旋转腔室的进气口即为积尘腔的出气口，四个去污旋转腔室的进气口两两相隔90度，它们与积尘腔的进气口上下错开45度，去污旋转腔室的主体结构是一台转动轴为竖直方向的可变速的电动机、由变速电动机带动的电扇叶片、随电扇叶片一起旋转的旋转擒污网以及给旋转擒污网提供去污化学液体即去污剂的供液装置，旋转擒污网是以耐腐蚀的网状材料将圆柱体均匀隔成16间上下底为22.5度或隔成32间上下底为11.25度的扇面柱型空间，在这16间上下底为22.5度的扇面柱型空间中每隔一间填有耐腐蚀材料制成的类似于洗碗钢丝球的碎料，这些填有碎料的上下底为22.5度或11.25度的扇面柱型空间即构成旋转擒污网，给旋转擒污网提供液体的装置，它包括三个方面：一是喷淋装置，确保液体流满旋转擒污网内碎料的表面,二是供液罐，用于储存去污剂,三是供液的微机控制装置。
进一步地，在所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器中，干式去污旋转腔室的构造与上述湿式去污旋转腔室不同之处只是在旋转擒污网内部填充了纤维，包括植物干渣和棉麻，而没有供液装置。
进一步地，在所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器中，微机自动控制系 统包括三部分，一是检测部分，包括对进入旋转除尘腔室的烟气、积尘腔入口和出口的烟气、去污旋转腔室内部和出口的烟气以及最后送入大气的气体进行实时测量，测量颗粒物的浓度、污染物的成分和浓度以及烟气的温度、压强和流速；二是计算机根据已输入的程序在线分析和处理；三是执行，主要是伺服电机执行计算机的命令，如调整电动机的转速、增大或减少化学液体的喷淋量等。
附图说明
说明书附图1是本发明中立式旋转除尘器的纵剖面示意图；
说明书附图2是图1中I-I水平剖面构造图；
说明书附图3是图1中II-II水平剖面构造图。
图中,0-烟气入口，1-除尘旋转电机,2-除尘旋转腔室,3-末端弯堵，4-除尘旋转叶片，5-积尘腔进气口，6-抛物面形挡板，7-积尘腔底部水面，8-钢丝过滤网，9-湿式去污旋转腔室进气口，10-积尘篮，11-出渣巷，12-隔离门，13-出渣门，14-变速电动机，15-电扇叶片，16-旋转擒污网，17-喷淋器，18-湿式去污旋转腔室出气口，19-最后的湿式去污旋转腔室出气口(图1仅画了两级湿式去污旋转腔室，第二级湿式去污旋转腔室的去污反应物和积尘物通过管道20直接流入积尘腔。图中，也未画出干式去污旋转腔室)，20-第二级湿式去污旋转腔室的去污反应物和积尘物通过的管道，21-第一湿式去污旋转腔室，22-第二湿式去污旋转腔室，23-传感器检测点符号“X”,24-计算机控制点符号“*”,25-立式旋转除尘器外壳，26-喷洒去污剂，27-水雾喷头。
具体实施方式
立式旋转除尘器改旋转主轴为竖直方向，其“立式”适合烟气由下面进入旋转除尘器经过处理后由旋转除尘器上部向空间排放这一流向；同时，“立式”也适合烟气中被处理后的污染物(颗粒物与去污反应物)借助重力由上往下流入积尘腔；最后，“立式”比卧式更节约用地。
竖直旋转主轴的除尘器的主体结构包括除尘旋转腔室、湿式去污旋转腔室、干式去污旋转腔室、积尘腔和微机控制四部分。
锅炉排出烟气由立式旋转除尘器最下部的进气口进入除尘旋转腔室。除尘旋转腔室外表是上下水平的圆柱形腔室，下表面中央为进气口，进气口底部安放了主轴竖直向上的电动机，电动机带动夹在腔室上下表面之间连在轴上的抛物线形的旋转叶片高速旋转，使烟气沿着径向流往圆柱面。圆柱面上两两相隔90度开了四个旋转除尘腔室出气口，旋转除尘腔室出气口面对水平方向，其上下宽度小于旋转叶片的上下宽度，目的是使旋转除尘腔室上下表面和旋转叶片之间间隙的未加速的烟气受到“直角弯堵”的作用不能直接流入积尘腔，未加速的烟气在“直角弯堵”的压迫下只能被加速才能从旋转除尘腔室出气口流出。
旋转除尘腔室出气口也是积尘腔的进气口。积尘腔是围着除尘腔外围与其同心的盒状装置,积尘腔底部盛水，积尘腔入口处设有光滑的抛物面形挡板，高速流入积尘腔的烟气，在光滑的抛物面形挡板的作用下，烟气中的粒径大于1微米的颗粒物(其惯性离心力比气体分子要大10的9--10次方)纷纷落入水中。积尘腔内抛物面形挡板之上水平安装了由刷碗的钢丝球织成的钢丝过滤网，钢丝过滤网淋有水，它可以进一步粘去烟气中的颗粒物和去除烟气中的部分污染物(如水与烟气中的二氧化硫反应)，同时，钢丝过滤网使积尘腔内的气体流速减慢。积尘腔底部安放了装有轮子的积尘篮，积尘篮可通过水平牵引进入连接 在积尘腔底部的出渣巷，积尘篮完全进入出渣巷后，关闭连接积尘腔与出渣巷的隔离门，开启出渣巷的出渣门，即可出渣。隔离门的作用是隔离积尘腔内气压免受外界大气压的影响，同时，也避免积尘腔内的水肆意流出。积尘腔的空间安放了多个水雾喷头,由微机控制,当烟气的温度太高时,喷头喷出雾水能迅速蒸发吸热而使烟气降温(烟气的温度可达180摄氏度,对除尘旋转腔室无影响,但对后面的去污旋转腔室有直接的影响,液态去污剂高温会蒸发)。
穿过钢丝过滤网的已去除99.9％的颗粒物的烟气从积尘腔的上部进入湿式去污旋转腔室。湿式去污旋转腔室设置在除尘旋转腔室的正上方(对于超大型工业锅炉，要独立设置)，湿式去污旋转腔室的进气口即为积尘腔的出气口，四个去污旋转腔室的进气口两两相隔90度，它们与积尘腔的进气口上下错开45度。湿式去污旋转腔室的主体结构是一台转动轴为竖直方向的可变速的电动机、由变速电动机带动的电扇叶片、随电扇叶片一起旋转的旋转擒污网以及给旋转擒污网提供去污化学液体即去污剂的供液装置，旋转擒污网是以耐腐蚀的网状材料将圆柱体均匀隔成16间上下底为22.5度的扇面柱型空间(也可以隔成32间上下底为11.25度)，在这16间上下底为22.5度的扇面柱型空间中每隔一间填有耐腐蚀材料制成的类似于洗碗钢丝球的碎料，例如，碎料可以是碾碎了的核桃壳，这些填有碎料的上下底为22.5度的扇面柱型空间即构成湿式旋转擒污网，给湿式旋转擒污网提供液体的装置，它包括三个方面：一是喷淋装置，确保液体流满旋转擒污网内碎料的表面；二是供液罐，用于储存去污剂；三是供液的控制装置。当已去除99.9％的颗粒物的烟气从积尘腔的上部进入湿式去污旋转腔室，大部分从8间无碎料的空间通道流过，但高速旋转的湿式旋转擒污网不待烟气流出，迎面扫过并粘住烟气里的剩余颗粒物，同时去污剂与烟气中的污染物反应，有效地去除了污染物。设计时，烟气从8间无碎料的空间通道流 过的时间是旋转擒污网扫过22.5度的时间的4倍以上，确保旋转擒污网扫过所有烟气。
湿式去污旋转腔室根据去除气体污染物的种类可以设置1个到多个。例如要去除烟气中的二氧化硫、氮氧化物和汞，那么至少要设置三个湿式去污旋转腔室。在去除烟气中的二氧化硫的湿式去污旋转腔室中，喷淋的去污化学液体(去污剂)可以是石灰水。喷淋了石灰水的旋转擒污网在高速旋转中，遇到烟气中的二氧化硫，立即反应生成硫酸钙，并被惯性离心力甩到湿式去污旋转腔室的圆柱面上，最后流入积尘腔。值得一提的是湿式去污旋转腔室在去除某一污染物的同时，还将进一步粘去烟气中的颗粒物。为了清扫方便，除尘旋转腔室、去污旋转腔室都设置了清扫门，以便在停机时得以清扫，(在说明书附图中未画出清扫门)。
去污旋转腔室安装的是可变速电动机，这是为了彻底解决烟气中的污染物问题。烟气中的污染物要靠去污剂相互反应来去除,而这与烟气前后的温度、压强和烟气的流速等相关，所以，去污旋转腔室需要可变速电动机，同时需要建立一套完整的微机自动控制系统。
为了去除某些烟气中含有高分子油烟成分，我们还设置了干式去污旋转腔室，其结构与湿式去污旋转腔室相同，只是旋转擒污网填充的是纤维，植物干渣和棉麻，而不再安装水雾喷头。说明书附图中未画出干式去污旋转腔室。
微机自动控制系统包括三部分。一是检测部分，包括对进入旋转除尘腔室的烟气、积尘腔入口和出口的烟气、湿式和干式去污旋转腔室内部和出口的烟气以及最后送入大气的气体进行实时测量，测量的内容为颗粒物的浓度、污染物的成分和浓度以及烟气的温度、压强和流速；二是计算机根据已输入的程序在线分析和处理；三是执行，主要是伺服电机执行计算机的命令，如调整电动 机的转速、增大或减少化学液体的喷淋量等。
立式旋转除尘器工作过程：烟气在除尘旋转电机1驱动除尘旋转叶片4作用下，从烟气入口1进入除尘旋转腔室2，在旋转叶片高速形成的低气压带动下，烟气进入积尘腔进气口5，烟气中的颗粒物包括部分微尘经抛物面形挡板6引导落入积尘腔底部水7中，未落入水中的烟气通过钢丝过滤网8部分微尘和气体污染物得到处理后进入湿式去污旋转腔室进气口9，微尘和气体污染物在湿式去污旋转腔室将多次与表面喷洒了去污剂的多层密排的旋转擒污网16接触，气体污染物将与去污剂反应形成去污反应物，微尘将被去污剂里的液体粘沾成积尘物，最后被高速甩向去污旋转腔室的腔壁，最后在重力作用下流入积尘腔。经过以上一系列处理的烟气最后成为符合国家标准的洁净气体从最后一个去污旋转腔室出气口19向大气中排出。

Claims (6)

  1. 是一种竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，它包括一个除尘旋转腔室，一个积尘腔，多个湿式去污旋转腔室，专对烟气中含有油烟的干式去污旋转腔室，以及对上述腔室工艺过程自动测量和微机控制系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，除尘旋转腔室外表是上下水平的圆柱形腔室，下表面中央为进气口，进气口底部安放了主轴竖直向上的电动机，电动机带动夹在腔室上下表面之间连在轴上的抛物线形的旋转叶片，圆柱面上两两相隔90度开了四个旋转除尘腔室出气口，旋转除尘腔室出气口面对水平方向，其上下宽度小于旋转叶片的上下宽度，目的是使旋转除尘腔室上下表面和旋转叶片之间间隙的未加速的烟气受到“直角弯堵”的作用不能直接流入积尘腔，未加速的烟气在“直角弯堵”的压迫下只能被加速才能从旋转除尘腔室出气口流出。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，旋转除尘腔室出气口也是积尘腔的进气口，积尘腔是围着除尘腔外围与其同心的盒状装置,积尘腔底部盛水，积尘腔入口处设有光滑的抛物面形挡板，高速流入积尘腔的烟气，在光滑的抛物面形挡板的作用下纷纷落入水中，积尘腔内抛物面形挡板之上水平安装了由刷碗的钢丝球织成的钢丝过滤网，钢丝过滤网淋有水，它可以进一步粘去烟气中的颗粒物和去除烟气中的部分污染物，积尘腔底部安放了装有轮子的积尘篮，积尘篮可通过水平牵引进入连接在积尘腔底部的出渣巷，积尘篮完全进入出渣巷后，关闭连接积尘腔与出渣巷的隔离门，开启出渣巷的出渣门，即可出渣,积尘腔空间还安放了多个水雾喷头,由微机控制适时喷出水雾降低烟气的温度.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，去污旋转腔室设置在除尘旋转腔室的正上方，去污旋转腔室的进气口即为积尘腔的出气口， 四个去污旋转腔室的进气口两两相隔90度，它们与积尘腔的进气口上下错开45度，去污旋转腔室的主体结构是一台转动轴为竖直方向的可变速的电动机、由变速电动机带动的电扇叶片、随电扇叶片一起旋转的旋转擒污网以及给旋转擒污网提供去污化学液体即去污剂的供液装置，旋转擒污网是以耐腐蚀的网状材料将圆柱体均匀隔成16间上下底为22.5度或隔成32间上下底为11.25度的扇面柱型空间，在这16间上下底为22.5度的扇面柱型空间中每隔一间填有耐腐蚀材料制成的类似于洗碗钢丝球的碎料，这些填有碎料的上下底为22.5度或11.25度的扇面柱型空间即构成旋转擒污网，给旋转擒污网提供液体的装置，它包括三个方面：一是喷淋装置，确保液体流满旋转擒污网内碎料的表面,二是供液罐，用于储存去污剂,三是供液的微机控制装置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，干式去污旋转腔室的构造与上述湿式去污旋转腔室不同之处只是在旋转擒污网内部填充了纤维，包括植物干渣和棉麻，而没有供液装置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的竖直旋转主轴的立式旋转除尘器，微机自动控制系统包括三部分，一是检测部分，包括对进入旋转除尘腔室的烟气、积尘腔入口和出口的烟气、去污旋转腔室内部和出口的烟气以及最后送入大气的气体进行实时测量，测量颗粒物的浓度、污染物的成分和浓度以及烟气的温度、压强和流速；二是计算机根据已输入的程序在线分析和处理；三是执行，主要是伺服电机执行计算机的命令，如调整电动机的转速、增大或减少化学液体的喷淋量等。
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