WO2020120114A1 - Joint d'étanchéité d'arbre à faible usure - Google Patents

Joint d'étanchéité d'arbre à faible usure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020120114A1
WO2020120114A1 PCT/EP2019/082377 EP2019082377W WO2020120114A1 WO 2020120114 A1 WO2020120114 A1 WO 2020120114A1 EP 2019082377 W EP2019082377 W EP 2019082377W WO 2020120114 A1 WO2020120114 A1 WO 2020120114A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing
shaft seal
sealing lip
shaft
seal according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/082377
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Pawellek
Original Assignee
Nidec Gpm Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nidec Gpm Gmbh filed Critical Nidec Gpm Gmbh
Publication of WO2020120114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020120114A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3232—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/106—Shaft sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/002—Sealings comprising at least two sealings in succession
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/324—Arrangements for lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaft seal for liquid sealing a shaft, preferably between a shaft bearing and a pump chamber in a water pump.
  • Shaft bearings in particular rolling element bearings
  • the shaft bearing must be protected against the ingress of coolant leakage from the flow of the water pump.
  • coolant leakage leads to a reduction in the surface quality of the rolling elements and raceways due to corrosion.
  • a higher friction on the rolling elements can lead to damage to the bearings due to the development of heat, which results in a defect in the water pump.
  • water pumps are increasingly driven electrically, with an electric motor of the dry rotor type often being used on the drive side. Just like the shaft bearing, the electric motor must also be protected against the ingress of a coolant leak from the flow of the water pump.
  • a shaft seal is inherently subject to frictional wear and embrittlement due to fluctuations in pressure and temperature. It often represents the limiting factor of the service life of a pump. Thus, a long-lasting liquid seal between the flow in a pump chamber and the shaft bearing and the underlying drive-side area of a pump housing is of great importance with regard to the operational reliability of a vehicle.
  • conventional shaft bearings such as roller bearings, are sealed by radially sealing seals, ie sealing disks, which are integrated in the shaft bearing.
  • separate sealing arrangements for a shaft bearing are known from the prior art, which enables an individual adaptation of the sealing property to application-specific pressures and dimensions and greater freedom in the selection of bearing types.
  • a corresponding pump structure generally comprises a leakage reservoir, which is arranged below the pump shaft in order to collect a leak that has accumulated and to allow it to evaporate outwards, for example, through a moisture-permeable membrane.
  • leakage reservoir which is arranged below the pump shaft in order to collect a leak that has accumulated and to allow it to evaporate outwards, for example, through a moisture-permeable membrane.
  • a so-called solid oil is provided as a lubricant depot, which in addition to the lubricating function also fulfills a sealing function between a wet and a dry side.
  • the object is solved by the features of claim 1.
  • the shaft seal is characterized in particular by the fact that the shaft seal has a viscous sealing pad with a solid phase made of an at least partially porous substrate and a liquid phase made of a water-insoluble lubricant filling; wherein a total volume of the phases of the sealing cushion occupies the volume of the free space between a first sealing lip and a second sealing lip.
  • the invention provides for the first time to use a viscous sealing pad made of partly solid and partly liquid phase in a shaft seal, whereby both a long-lasting lubrication of sealing lips is ensured and a sealing function against axial penetration of a liquid medium from a wet side to a dry side is improved.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a viscous but locally bonded sealing pad based on a solid oil is all in one Use a shaft seal that contributes to a sealing function in the shaft seal in relation to the penetrating medium.
  • a pressure equilibrium is established between a delivery pressure in the pump chamber and the sealing pad in the shaft bearing, while washing out of the water-insoluble lubricant of the sealing pad from the pores of the substrate by a water-based medium, such as cooling water, is prevented.
  • An increasing delivery pressure which acts uniformly on the shaft seal in an axial direction, causes an expansion of a sponge-like morphology of the seal pad in a radial direction component. This increases a separating effect between the two sides of the shaft seal against the penetrating medium.
  • a displacement or compression of the sealing pad in an axial direction component causes an increased contact force on the sealing lip to the dry side.
  • the contact pressure is transmitted through the incompressible viscous lubricant filling of the sealing pad, which also lubricates the sealing lip.
  • the shaft seal according to the invention has several advantages with regard to use in a water pump.
  • porous structure of the substrate of the sealing pad and the water-insolubility of the lubricant cause local binding of the lubricant. A washing out of the free space of the shaft seal between the sealing lips by an entering medium during the pressure equalization during the operation of a water pump is prevented.
  • the two sealing lips are supplied with the lubricant so that they slide with a lubricating film on the barrel.
  • the sealing lips lubricated with lubricant achieve a considerably longer service life compared to coolant-lubricated sealing lips.
  • Interaction of the lubricant filling with the porous substrate of the sealing pad and the sealing lips improves an absolute sealing effect against axial penetration of the shaft seal between a wet side and a dry side.
  • the shaft seal is therefore suitable for applications with moisture-sensitive assemblies, and in particular for water pumps with an electric motor of the dry rotor type or an electronics.
  • the shaft seal takes up little space and requires no further constructive safety measures in the pump structure. Compared to the construction of a pump with a leakage reservoir, a construction of the housing can be simplified despite the reliable sealing, construction space and material costs can be saved and compact overall dimensions can be achieved. As a result, the shaft seal is suitable for use in compact water pumps, such as those used in vehicles.
  • a water pump By eliminating a leakage reservoir, a water pump can be installed in any position. Furthermore, without a leakage reservoir, the width of the shaft seal can be increased and a lubricant supply can be adequately dimensioned.
  • the porous substrate of the sealing cushion can be in radial contact with the sealing housing and / or the running sleeve.
  • a tendency can be influenced by adjusting a frictional engagement or a friction of the substrate with respect to the fixed lateral surface of the seal housing or the rotating barrel sleeve, whether the seal pad including the liquid phase also rotates within the inner free space or not.
  • An optional rotation of the sealing pad causes centrifugal forces on a penetrating medium.
  • a penetrating medium In a radially outer area, into which the penetrating medium is forced, there is a higher pressure of the sponge-like morphology of the sealing cushion against the outer surface of the sealing housing.
  • a water-based medium such as cooling water
  • an effect of the media separation between the penetrating medium on the wet side and the water-insoluble lubricant of the sealing pad can be increased.
  • an absolute sealing effect against axial penetration of the shaft seal between a wet side and a dry side can be improved.
  • a seal pad which tends to be fixed due to a frictional engagement of the substrate with the seal housing and the seal lips, generates less friction. Regardless of a tendency for the seal pad to rotate, the substrate can be in contact with both the seal housing and the barrel. A higher surface pressure of the substrate on both lateral surfaces creates a higher friction, however the local binding of the lubricant filling in the sealing pad is increased.
  • the described selection and setting of possible selective contact surfaces of the substrate in the shaft seal therefore represents an optional feature in order to optimize the properties of the shaft seals based on the application.
  • the porous substrate of the sealing pad can be in axial contact with the first sealing lip and the second sealing lip.
  • the local binding of the lubricant filling in the sealing cushion can be increased, which leads to flushing out of the lubricant to the wet side or leakage of the lubricant to the dry side is counteracted.
  • contact of the sponge-like morphology of a portion of the sealing pad with the substrate favors continuous maintenance of a lubricating film on the sealing lip which is less sensitive to changes in position, pressure fluctuations or the like.
  • the volume of the porous substrate of the sealing pad may be formed entirely from an open pore structure, and the open pores may be saturated with the lubricant. This optimizes the sponge-like morphology of the lubricant deposit.
  • the porous substrate of the sealing pad can be produced from a polymer matrix with a defined porosity.
  • the polymer matrix enables a porous substrate to be produced which provides optimized properties with regard to a suitable pore size and a suitable elasticity for the lubricant depot.
  • the lubricant of the sealing pad can be an oil. This allows an application-optimized viscosity of the lubricant filling in relation to the lubrication, sealing and
  • the first sealing lip can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • polytetrafluoroethylene or abbreviated PTFE, application-optimized properties of the friction and service life of a sealing lip on the barrel sleeve are achieved on the wet side.
  • the second sealing lip can be made from a fluoride rubber containing vinylidene (di) fluoride.
  • a fluorororubber with vinylidene (di) fluoride or abbreviated FPM or FKM, application-optimized properties of the friction and service life of a sealing lip on the barrel on the dry side are achieved.
  • the shaft bearing can comprise a spacer ring, which is arranged between the outer jacket of the seal housing and the inner free space. By inserting the spacer ring, the sealing lips can be fixed in a simple manner without post-processing steps such as making a groove in the seal housing.
  • the shaft bearing can comprise a clamping ring which fixes one of the first sealing lip and the second sealing lip against the spacer ring.
  • the sealing lips can be easily fixed in terms of production technology.
  • a radially inwardly inclined section of the first sealing lip or the second sealing lip can be spanned by an annular spring.
  • the ring spring increases a radial contact pressure on the lubricated sliding contact of the barrel sleeve circumference.
  • the first sealing lip can be inclined radially inwards to the outside and the second sealing lip can be inclined radially inwards to the inside of the shaft bearing.
  • This arrangement corresponds to an effective alignment of the sealing lips for the application with the explained pressure difference between a higher pressure on the wet side and a lower pressure on the dry side.
  • an axial sealing distance of the free space that is occupied by the viscous sealing pad can be at least a multiple of an axial thickness of the first sealing lip or the second sealing lip. A sufficient volume of the free space and a corresponding volume of the lubricant filling of the sealing pad provide sustainable lubrication of the sealing lips.
  • the shaft seal can advantageously be used on a water pump for sealing a pump shaft in a pump housing, in particular between a pump chamber and a shaft bearing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view through a known shaft seal with a two-lip system from the prior art
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view through a shaft seal according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 serves only as a comparative example from the prior art and shows a conventional two-lip system. A small amount of grease can be filled into the gap between the lips as an initial lubrication.
  • the shaft seal shown in FIG. 1 from the prior art is associated with the disadvantages explained above.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a shaft bearing according to the invention, which between a surrounding housing, such as a pump housing, and a shaft (not shown) is arranged.
  • the shaft seal comprises a seal housing 1, which has a cylindrical outer surface with a one-sided crank to a radial inside.
  • the shaft seal comprises a rotating sleeve 2, which sits on the shaft circumference.
  • the barrel sleeve is cranked outwards on one side, which makes it easier to push it onto the shaft and creates mechanical protection for a sealing lip tip.
  • the shaft seal comprises two sealing lips 3, 4 in the form of radially sealing sealing rings.
  • a first sealing lip 3 is arranged on a wet side 5 or a wet environment, such as a pump chamber.
  • the first sealing lip 3 is arranged in a fixed manner in the sealing housing 1 and seals a sealing gap on a sliding contact with the circumference of the running sleeve 2.
  • the first sealing lip 3 is inclined toward the running sleeve 2 towards the outside of the shaft seal, so that an inside of the sealing lip tip lies on the circumference of the running sleeve 2.
  • the first sealing lip 3 is fixed in the shaft bearing by an axial limitation.
  • a spacer ring 8, which is inserted into the seal housing 1, defines the distance between the first seal lip 3 and the crank of the seal housing 1 and the second seal lip 4.
  • the first sealing lip 3, which is in contact with the wet side 5, is preferably made of PTFE.
  • a second sealing lip 4 is arranged to a dry side 6 or an atmosphere, such as a shaft bearing.
  • the second sealing lip 4 is fastened by means of a radial groove, which receives the inward-facing offset of the sealing housing 1, and it also seals a sealing gap on a sliding contact to the circumference of the running sleeve 2.
  • the second sealing lip 4 is inclined towards the running sleeve 2 towards the inside of the shaft seal.
  • An inner section of the second sealing lip 4, which rests on the circumference of the running sleeve 2, has a wedge-shaped contour. In the area of sliding contact between the wedge-shaped contour and the circumference of the running sleeve 2 there is an annular spring 10 around the inner section the second sealing lip 4 stretched.
  • the second sealing lip 4, which is in contact with the dry side 6, is preferably made of FPM or FKM.
  • a free space in the shaft seal is limited by the seal housing 1, the running sleeve 2, the first sealing lip 3 and the second sealing lip 4.
  • the free space is filled with a viscous sealing pad 7, which has a solid phase in the form of a porous substrate and a liquid phase in the form of a lubricant filling.
  • the properties of the two-phase sealing pad 7 are comparable to a hybrid lubricant, the principle of which is referred to as solid oil.
  • a solid oil is used as an example for the sealing pad 7, which is also known in the function of a lubricant depot for rolling bearings.
  • the porous substrate is preferably formed entirely from an open pore structure.
  • the porous substrate preferably consists of an elastic material, in particular of a flexible polymer matrix, such as a so-called micro cell with a capillary structure.
  • the lubricant fill which is absorbed in the pores of the substrate and released from the substrate in supersaturation, is a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricating oil, a silicone oil, an ester oil or the like.
  • the type of oil and its viscosity is selected depending on a porosity of the substrate and a surrounding medium, a temperature and the like, depending on the application.
  • the total volume of the viscous sealing pad 7, which takes up the volume of the free space in the shaft seal, is a sum of a volume of the porous substrate which forms a basic structure for local binding of the lubricant, a volume of the lubricant filling which is bound in the porous substrate, and optionally a volume of the lubricant fill that surrounds the porous substrate.
  • the porous substrate is in contact with the two outer surfaces of the sealing housing 1 and the running sleeve 2 and the two sealing lips 3, 4, so that a local binding of the lubricant in the free space of the shaft bearing 1 is maximized. Accordingly, the share of the Volume of an unbound S chmi first filling, which surrounds the porous substrate within the free space, on the total volume of the sealing pad 7 towards zero.
  • the absolute sealing function of the entire shaft seal results from the interaction of several properties of the essentially incompressible viscous sealing pad 7 with the two sealing lips 3, 4 when an externally acting pressure of a liquid medium is present on the wet side 5. As a result, there is a slight leakage of the medium under the first sealing lip 3 into the shaft seal 1 until pressure compensation is established.
  • the increasing pressure on the sealing pad 7 causes an axial compression and radial expansion of the porous substrate. This increases the radial pressure of the sponge-like morphology of the sealing pole 7 against the sealing housing 1 and the barrel sleeve 2.
  • a water-insoluble property of the bound lubricant in the porous substrate ensures that washing out of the lubricant filling is prevented.
  • the lubricant filling converts an axial direction component of the external pressure into a contact pressure of the inwardly inclined second sealing lip 4 on the dry side 6. Since the second sealing lip 4 is lubricated on the wedge-shaped contour by the lubricant, there is an increased surface pressure with respect to the Frictional wear is not critical.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un joint d'étanchéité d'arbre destiné à étancher un arbre entre une face humide (5) et une face sèche (6), de préférence un palier d'arbre dans une pompe à eau. Le joint d'étanchéité d'arbre comprend notamment un tampon d'étanchéité visqueux (7) pourvu d'une phase solide d'un substrat poreux au moins par endroits et d'une phase liquide d'une charge de lubrifiant non soluble dans l'eau, un volume total des phases du tampon d'étanchéité (7) occupant le volume d'un espace libre entre une première lèvre d'étanchéité (3) et une deuxième lèvre d'étanchéité (4).
PCT/EP2019/082377 2018-12-10 2019-11-25 Joint d'étanchéité d'arbre à faible usure WO2020120114A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018131588.0 2018-12-10
DE102018131588.0A DE102018131588B4 (de) 2018-12-10 2018-12-10 Verschleißarme Wellendichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020120114A1 true WO2020120114A1 (fr) 2020-06-18

Family

ID=68699423

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/082377 WO2020120114A1 (fr) 2018-12-10 2019-11-25 Joint d'étanchéité d'arbre à faible usure

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102018131588B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020120114A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020116777A1 (de) 2020-06-25 2021-12-30 Nidec Gpm Gmbh Dichtungssystem für eine Welle, insbesondere für eine Antriebswelle eines Pumpenrades und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Dichtungssystems
DE102021132683A1 (de) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Nidec Gpm Gmbh Dichtungsanordnung für einen Wellendichtring und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3681142A (en) * 1968-04-10 1972-08-01 Freudenberg Carl Radial sealing rings and method of improving their sealing action
JP2008180342A (ja) * 2007-01-26 2008-08-07 Nok Corp ウォーターポンプ用密封装置
US20160153561A1 (en) * 2013-06-29 2016-06-02 NIDIAL GPM GmbH Radial shaft seal

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT8053271V0 (it) * 1980-06-04 1980-06-04 Iao Industrie Riunite Spa Dispositivo di tenuta per alberi rotanti
DE3826628A1 (de) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-08 Goetze Ag Wellenabdichtungssystem
US20020011710A1 (en) * 1997-09-25 2002-01-31 Oldenburg Michael R. Retrofittable severe duty seal for a shaft
DE102018123908A1 (de) * 2018-09-27 2020-04-02 Nidec Gpm Gmbh Wälzlager mit Dichtungsanordnung und Wasserpumpe mit demselben

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3681142A (en) * 1968-04-10 1972-08-01 Freudenberg Carl Radial sealing rings and method of improving their sealing action
JP2008180342A (ja) * 2007-01-26 2008-08-07 Nok Corp ウォーターポンプ用密封装置
US20160153561A1 (en) * 2013-06-29 2016-06-02 NIDIAL GPM GmbH Radial shaft seal

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Publication number Publication date
DE102018131588A1 (de) 2020-06-10
DE102018131588B4 (de) 2020-09-03

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