WO2020119660A1 - 一种轮胎快速定心夹具 - Google Patents

一种轮胎快速定心夹具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020119660A1
WO2020119660A1 PCT/CN2019/124176 CN2019124176W WO2020119660A1 WO 2020119660 A1 WO2020119660 A1 WO 2020119660A1 CN 2019124176 W CN2019124176 W CN 2019124176W WO 2020119660 A1 WO2020119660 A1 WO 2020119660A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positioning pin
wheel
ratchet
seat body
fixed
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/124176
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱晓鹰
朱岩
牛雪倩
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北京科基佳德智能技术有限公司
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Application filed by 北京科基佳德智能技术有限公司 filed Critical 北京科基佳德智能技术有限公司
Priority to US17/281,589 priority Critical patent/US20210364284A1/en
Publication of WO2020119660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020119660A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/02—Clamps with sliding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/0035—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for motor-vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/14—Clamps for work of special profile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B21/26—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing wheel alignment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • G01M17/02—Tyres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B2210/00—Aspects not specifically covered by any group under G01B, e.g. of wheel alignment, caliper-like sensors
    • G01B2210/10—Wheel alignment
    • G01B2210/16—Active or passive device attached to the chassis of a vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of automobile wheel angle measurement, and particularly relates to a fast centering fixture for tires.
  • the fast center positioning fixtures for wheels on the market mainly include four-point fixtures and three-point fixtures.
  • the clamping methods include screw and 3-point or circular positioning, two-jaw tire clamping and three-jaw tire clamping. Since most vehicles now use aluminum alloy wheels or wheel decorative covers, in order to ensure that the decoration of the wheel surface is not damaged during maintenance, more and more customers use three-claw tire holding fixtures. At present, most of the clamps with three-jaw holding tires adopt the crank connecting rod transmission method to ensure synchronous centering of the three-jaw. Worm gear and worm mode guarantee locking or screw mode locking. The stroke is small, the adjustment speed is slow, and the fixture structure is relatively complicated.
  • the existing technical solutions have the disadvantages that the existing tire centering jig has a small working stroke and a slow adjustment speed.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, such as small working stroke and slow adjustment speed of the tire centering jig.
  • a quick centering fixture for tires of the present invention includes:
  • the clamp body assembly includes a hollow cylindrical seat body and three guide rails arranged along the circumference of the seat body and extending outwards, each of the guide rails is provided with a slide seat, and the slide seat is fixed for holding Gripper of the tire;
  • a rack and pinion transmission mechanism includes three racks, one end of each rack is fixedly connected to the slide seat, and is arranged parallel to the opposite direction of the guide rail, a center sleeve is installed in the seat body, and the center A gear is fixed on the shaft sleeve, and the three racks are respectively meshed with the gears for transmission, and the upper end of the central shaft sleeve is provided with a hand wheel that drives its rotation;
  • the locking mechanism includes a ratchet wheel, a positioning pin lever and a positioning pin telescopic member.
  • the ratchet wheel is fixed on the central bushing and disposed adjacent to the gear.
  • the positioning pin telescopic member drives the positioning pin lever and the Ratchet engagement or separation;
  • the seat body is closed at one end, and an end cover is installed at the other end.
  • a center hole is opened in the center of the end cover, and the center shaft sleeve passes through the center hole.
  • the base body is provided with a wedge-shaped square hole under each of the guide rails, and the rack is inserted from a direction opposite to the extending direction of the guide rails
  • the wedge-shaped square hole is fixed on the corresponding sliding seat.
  • each of the clamping jaws is in the same horizontal plane.
  • a guide portion protrudes from a side surface of the seat body, a guide hole for the positioning pin rod to pass through is formed on the guide portion, and a ring-shaped block protrudes from a front portion of the positioning pin rod The ring block is built into the guide hole.
  • the front end of the positioning pin bar is provided with an engaging portion that engages with the back of the tooth of the ratchet, and the engaging portion has a slope shape.
  • the positioning pin telescopic member includes a connecting plate, a concave wheel, a cam and a return spring fixedly connected to the seat body, the concave wheel, the cam and the return spring are all penetrated on the positioning pin rod , The concave wheel and the cam match each other and the concave wheel is fixed on the connecting plate,
  • One end of the return spring is pressed against the lower plane of the concave wheel, and the other end is pressed against the limit pin of the positioning pin rod, and a bolt cap is fixed to the rear end of the positioning pin rod.
  • the concave wheel is provided with a plurality of concave inclined surfaces with a rotation angle
  • the cam is provided with a convex inclined surface adapted to the concave inclined surface
  • an operating handle is provided on the cam
  • the connecting plate is provided with an inclined groove into which the operating handle is engaged, and the operating handle is pulled to drive the convex inclined surface of the cam along the concave wheel
  • the concave inclined surface of the shaft rotates upward or downward, thereby driving the positioning pin rod to separate or engage with the ratchet wheel.
  • a handle is provided on the upper end of one of the guide rails.
  • the outer end of the clamping jaw is a clamping portion, and the outer surface of the clamping portion in contact with the tire is evenly provided with friction protrusions.
  • the present invention can improve the adjustment stroke of the clamp by adopting a rack and pinion transmission mechanism, can calibrate or center different types and sizes of tires, and has a fast adjustment speed, improves work efficiency, and locks the mechanism It can quickly control the rotation direction of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism and the corresponding jaws during work, one-way rotation, to avoid reverse rotation and lead to waste of previous work, improve safety and work efficiency, the entire fixture is implemented by hand wheel, simple and easy Operation, in line with market demand, has extremely high practicality.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the seat body with a guide rail in the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped square hole structure of the seat body of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the positioning target installation structure in the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the locking mechanism in the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a state diagram of the positioning pin lever catching the ratchet in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a state diagram in which the positioning pin lever and the ratchet wheel are separated in the present invention.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrated Ground connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the connection between two components.
  • installation can be a fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrated Ground connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the connection between two components.
  • the first feature “above” or “below” the second feature may include the direct contact of the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Contact not directly but through another feature between them.
  • the first feature is “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • the first feature is “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontal than the second feature.
  • a tire centering jig provided by the present invention includes a jig body assembly, a rack and pinion transmission mechanism, a locking mechanism 7, a hand wheel assembly, and the like.
  • the main assembly of the clamp includes a base 1 and three guide rails 8 which are arranged along the circumference of the base 1 and extend outward.
  • the guide rail 8 and the base 1 can be processed separately.
  • a handle 11 is provided on the upper end of one guide rail 8 for convenience. Pick and place when not in use.
  • the seat body 1 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.
  • the seat body 1 is closed at one end and is provided with an end cover 10 at the other end.
  • a center sleeve 12 is installed in the seat body 1, the center sleeve 12 passes through the center hole, and bearings are respectively provided on the seat body 1 and the end cover 10, and are connected with the center sleeve 12 and support the center sleeve 12 to rotate.
  • a positioning target base structure 6, which is composed of a positioning target base 16 and a support 15, the support 15 is fixed at the lower end of the base 1, a through hole is opened in the center of the central sleeve 12, and the support 15 passes through the through hole and The center sleeve 12 is in dynamic cooperation, and the upper end of the support 15 is connected to the positioning target seat.
  • the positioning target seat 16 When the center sleeve 12 rotates, the positioning target seat 16 does not rotate.
  • the positioning target seat 16 is equipped with a target target for measuring the wheel angle to perform four wheels. Positioning.
  • a hand wheel 5 is fixed on the upper end of the center sleeve 12, and the rotating hand wheel 5 drives the center sleeve 12 to rotate
  • the seat body 1 is provided with three guide rails 8 along the circumferential direction.
  • the three guide rails 8 are arranged in a Y-shape. This arrangement can avoid bumping the ground when the rotating tire is working.
  • the sliding seats 3 on the guide rail 8 are designed to have different thicknesses to compensate for the height difference formed between the guide rails 8, so that each clamping jaw 4 is in the same horizontal plane. You can apply even force when holding the tire.
  • the outer end of the clamping claw 4 is a clamping portion 41, and the outer surface of the clamping portion 41 in contact with the tire is evenly provided with friction protrusions 42.
  • the provision of the friction protrusions 42 improves the friction between the clamping portion 41 and the tire To avoid slippage.
  • the rack and pinion transmission mechanism includes three racks 2, one end of each rack 2 is fixedly connected to the slide 3, and is arranged parallel to the opposite direction of the guide rail 8 Specifically, the seat body 1 is provided with a through wedge-shaped square hole 9 under each guide rail 8, and the rack 2 is inserted into the wedge-shaped square hole 9 from the direction opposite to the extending direction of the guide rail 8 and fixed in the corresponding Slide 3. In the casting process of the seat body 1, based on the three guide rails 8 are not evenly arranged, each wedge-shaped square hole 9 also adopts a wedge-shaped angle setting.
  • a casting method is usually adopted, that is, a wedge-shaped core is used, which is achieved by core pulling At this time, in order to facilitate operation and ensure that the wedge-shaped core is not broken, not only the function of the wedge-shaped square hole is guaranteed, but also the processing is simple and easy.
  • the wedge-shaped square hole 9 can also be formed by cutting.
  • the gear 14 is fixedly arranged on the central sleeve 12 and the three racks 2 are respectively meshed with the gear 14 for transmission. Since the length of the rack 2 can be set relatively flexibly, compared with the existing crank connecting rod transmission mode or gear transmission mode, the gear The stroke of the rack drive can be in a large range, while ensuring the overall size of the product is compact. This structure can make the gripper 4 suitable for tires of different sizes and specifications, and has a wider application range.
  • the locking mechanism 7 includes a ratchet 13, a positioning pin lever 17 and a positioning pin telescopic member.
  • the ratchet 13 is fixed on the central sleeve 12 and is disposed adjacent to the gear 14. Close to each other, which helps to reduce the overall size.
  • the positioning pin telescopic member drives the positioning pin rod 17 to engage or separate from the ratchet 13.
  • a guide portion 18 protrudes from the side surface of the seat body 1.
  • the guide portion 18 can be integrally formed with the seat body 1.
  • the guide portion 18 defines a guide hole 181 for the positioning pin 17 to pass through.
  • a ring block 171 protrudes from the front of the positioning pin 17.
  • the ring block 171 is built into the guide hole 181.
  • the diameter of the ring block 171 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the guide hole 181. It plays a guiding role and can ensure the positioning pin. 17 smoothly expands and contracts in the guide hole 181, and does not incline at a large angle.
  • the front end of the positioning pin 17 is provided with an engaging portion 172 that engages with the back of the tooth of the ratchet 13.
  • the engaging portion 172 has a slope shape.
  • the positioning pin telescopic member includes a connecting plate 21, a concave wheel 19, a cam 20 and a return spring 22 fixedly connected to the seat body 1, the concave wheel 19, the cam 20 and the return spring 22 are all penetrated on the positioning pin rod 17, the concave wheel 19 Matches with the cam 20, and the concave wheel 19 is fixed on the connecting plate 21, one end of the return spring 22 is pressed against the lower plane of the concave wheel 19, and the other end is pressed on the limit pin of the positioning pin rod 17, the positioning pin rod 17 The rear end is fixed with a bolt cap 23.
  • the concave wheel 19 is provided with a plurality of concave inclined surfaces 191 having a rotation angle
  • the cam 20 is provided with a convex inclined surface 202 that is adapted to the concave inclined surface 191.
  • the cam 20 is provided with an operation handle 201, an inclined groove 211 is formed in the connecting plate 21, and the operation handle 201 is snap-fitted in the inclined groove 211.
  • the convex inclined surface 202 of the cam 20 rotates and rises along the concave inclined surface 191 of the concave wheel 19, and the cam 20 pushes the nut 23 to drive the positioning pin 17 to move synchronously upward, thereby driving the positioning pin 17 to separate from the ratchet 13
  • the return spring 22 is compressed.
  • the spring 22 is in a state of maximum compression.
  • the operating handle 201 of the cam 20 can be turned to achieve a close buckle or a staggered engagement with the concave wheel 19, which in turn drives the positioning pin 17 to engage or separate from the ratchet wheel 13.
  • the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.
  • the handle 11 When you need to center or calibrate the tire, use the handle 11 to use the positioning fixture. Before using it, first adjust the distance between the three clamping jaws 4 and the center sleeve 12 according to the size of the tire.
  • the cam 20 rotates with the positioning pin 17 as the axis, and the convex inclined surface 202 of the cam 20 rotates and rises along the concave inclined surface 191 of the concave wheel 19, as described above, so that the positioning pin 17 and the ratchet 13 are separated
  • the positioning pin 17 is engaged with the ratchet 13, and the handwheel 5 can only drive the central sleeve 12 to move in one direction.
  • the three clamping jaws 4 clamp the tire, rotate the handwheel 5, the handwheel 5 drives the central sleeve 12 to rotate in one direction, and the central sleeve 12 drives the gear 14 to rotate along the rack 2 and clamp
  • the claw 4 contracts with the rotation and gradually clamps the tire. After reaching a certain clamping force, the rotation is stopped. Due to the existence of the locking mechanism 7, even the loose handwheel 5 will not reverse, the safety performance is good, and the flexibility is higher .
  • the invention can improve the adjustment stroke of the clamp by adopting the rack and pinion transmission mechanism, can be calibrated or centered for different types and sizes of tires, and the adjustment speed is fast and the working efficiency is improved.
  • the locking mechanism 7 can quickly control the working time
  • the rotation direction of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism and the corresponding gripper jaws rotates in one direction, avoiding reverse rotation and leading to abandonment of front work, improving safety and work efficiency.
  • the entire fixture is implemented by hand wheel, which is simple and easy to operate and meets market demand. Has extremely high practicality.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的一种轮胎快速定心夹具，包括夹具主体组件，其包括座体和向外延伸的三根导轨，每根导轨上均配置有滑座，滑座上固定有用于抱紧轮胎的夹爪；齿轮齿条传动机构，包括三根齿条，每根齿条的一端与滑座固定连接，并与导轨反方向平行设置，座体内安装有中心轴套，中心轴套上固定有齿轮，三根齿条分别与齿轮啮合传动；锁定机构包括棘轮、定位销杆和定位销伸缩构件，棘轮固定在中心轴套上，定位销伸缩构件驱动所述定位销杆与所述棘轮卡合或分离。本发明，采用齿轮齿条传动机构，能够提高夹具的调节行程，调节速度快，提高工作效率，锁定机构能够快速的控制工作时齿轮齿条传动机构以及对应的夹爪的转动方向，单向转动，提高安全性和工作有效性。

Description

一种轮胎快速定心夹具 技术领域
本发明属于汽车车轮角度测量技术领域，具体涉及一种轮胎快速定心夹具。
背景技术
市场上的车轮快速中心定位夹具，主要有四点式夹具和三点式夹具，其夹紧方式，有丝杠形式和3点或圆环定位，两爪抱胎夹紧方式以及三爪抱轮胎方式。由于现在绝大多数车辆采用铝合金轮毂或车轮装饰罩，为了保证在维修时不损坏车轮表面的装饰，越来越多的客户采用三爪抱轮胎方式的夹具。目前三爪抱轮胎方式的夹具大多采用曲柄连杆传动方式，保证三爪同步定心。蜗轮蜗杆方式保证锁紧或丝杆方式锁紧。行程小、调节速度慢，夹具结构相对复杂。
因此，现有的技术方案中存在现有的轮胎定心夹具工作行程小，调节速度慢等缺点。
发明内容
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中轮胎定心夹具工作行程小，调节速度慢等缺点。
为此，采用的技术方案是，本发明的一种轮胎快速定心夹具，包括：
夹具主体组件，包括呈空心圆柱状的座体和沿所述座体圆周设置并向外延伸的三根导轨，每根所述导轨上均配置有滑座，所述滑座上固定有用于抱紧轮胎的夹爪；
齿轮齿条传动机构，包括三根齿条，每根所述齿条的一端与所述滑座固定连接，并与所述导轨反方向平行设置，所述座体内安装有中心轴套，所述中心轴套上固定有齿轮，三根所述齿条分别与所述齿轮啮合传动，所述中心轴套上端设有带动其转动的手轮；
锁定机构，包括棘轮、定位销杆和定位销伸缩构件，所述棘轮固定在所述中心轴套上并与所述齿轮相邻设置，所述定位销伸缩构件驱动所述定位销杆与所述棘轮卡合或分离；
所述定位销杆与所述棘轮卡合时，转动所述手轮带动所述中心轴套单向转动，三根所述齿条随之同步运转，并带动所述夹爪夹紧轮胎，所述定位销杆与所述棘轮分离时，转动所述手轮带动所述中心轴套、所述齿条及所述夹爪自由转动。
优选的，所述座体一端封闭，另一端装有端盖，所述端盖中心开有贯穿的中心孔，所述中心轴套穿过所述中心孔。
优选的，三根所述导轨呈Y形设置，所述座体上位于每根所述导轨的下方均开有贯穿的楔形方孔，所述齿条从与所述导轨的延伸方向相反的方向插入所述楔形方孔内，并固定在对应的所述滑座上。
优选的，所述导轨之间存在高度差，所述导轨上的所述滑座的厚度不同以弥补该高度差，使得各个所述夹爪处于同一水平面内。
优选的，所述座体的侧面凸出有导向部，所述导向部上开有供所述定位 销杆穿过的导向孔，所述定位销杆的前部凸出有环形卡块，所述环形卡块内置于所述导向孔中。
优选的，所述定位销杆的前端设有与所述棘轮的齿背相卡合的卡合部，所述卡合部呈斜坡状。
优选的，所述定位销伸缩构件包括与所述座体固定连接的连接板材、凹轮、凸轮及复位弹簧，所述凹轮、凸轮及所述复位弹簧均穿设在所述定位销杆上，所述凹轮和所述凸轮相互匹配且所述凹轮固定在所述连接板材上，
所述复位弹簧的一端压在所述凹轮的下平面，另一端压在所述定位销杆的限位销上，所述定位销杆的后端固定有螺栓帽。
优选的，所述凹轮上设有若干回转角度的凹斜面，所述凸轮上设有与所述凹斜面相互适配的凸斜面。
优选的，所述凸轮上设有操作把手，所述连接板材开有供所述操作把手卡入的倾斜槽，扳动所述操作把手，带动所述凸轮的所述凸斜面沿所述凹轮的所述凹斜面旋转上升或下降，进而带动所述定位销杆与所述棘轮分离或卡合。
优选的，其中一个所述导轨的上端设置有提手。
优选的，所述夹爪的外端为夹持部，所述夹持部与所述轮胎接触的外侧面上均匀设有摩擦凸起。
本发明技术方案具有以下优点：本发明通过采用齿轮齿条传动机构，能够提高夹具的调节行程，可以针对不同型号和尺寸的轮胎进行校准或定心，而且调节速度快，提高工作效率，锁定机构能够快速的控制工作时齿轮齿条传动机构以及对应的夹爪的转动方向，单向转动，避免反转导致前功尽弃， 提高安全性和工作有效性，整个夹具通过手轮来进行实现工作，简单易操作，符合市场需求，具有极高的实用性。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、权利要求书、以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的正视图。
图3为本发明的剖视图；
图4为本发明中带有导轨的座体结构示意图；
图5为本发明的座体的楔形方孔结构示意图；
图6为本发明中定位靶安装结构的结构示意图；
图7为本发明中锁定机构的结构示意图；
图8为本发明中锁定机构的分解图；
图9为本发明中定位销杆卡住棘轮的状态图；
图10为本发明中定位销杆与棘轮分离的状态图。
附图中标记如下：1-座体，2-齿条，3-滑座，4-夹爪，41-夹持部，42-摩擦凸起，5-手轮，6-定位靶座结构，7-锁定机构，8-导轨，9-楔形方孔，10-端盖，11-提手，12-中心轴套，13-棘轮，14-齿轮，15-支座，16-定位靶座，17-定位销杆，171-环形卡块，18-导向部，181-导向孔，19-凹轮，191-凹斜面，20-凸轮，201-操作把手，202-凸斜面，21-连接板材，211-倾斜槽。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中间”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
另外，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
参见图1、图4、图5所示，本发明提供的一种轮胎快速定心夹具包括夹具主体组件、齿轮齿条传动机构、锁定机构7、手轮组件等。其中夹具主体组件包括座体1和沿座体1周向间隔排布且向外延伸的三根导轨8，导轨8和座体1可以分开加工，其中一个导轨8的上端设置有提手11，方便不用的时候取放。座体1呈空心圆柱状，座体1一端封闭，另一端装有端盖10，端盖10中心开有贯穿的中心孔。座体1内安装有中心轴套12，中心轴套12穿过中心孔，座体1和端盖10上分别设有轴承，与中心轴套12连接并支撑中心轴套12转动。
另外，还包括定位靶座结构6，由定位靶座16和支座15组成，支座15固定在座体1下端，中心轴套12的中心开有通孔，支座15穿过通孔并与中心轴套12动配合，支座15上端连接定位靶座，在中心轴套12转动时，定位靶座16不随之转动，定位靶座16上装目标靶，用于测量车轮角度，来进行四轮定位。中心轴套12上端固定有手轮5，旋转手轮5带动中心轴套12旋转
座体1沿圆周的方向安装有三根导轨8，三根导轨8呈Y型设置，这种 设置方式可以避免在旋转轮胎工作时磕碰地面。各导轨8之间存在高度差，每根导轨8上均配置有滑座3，滑座3上固定有用于抱紧轮胎的夹爪4。为了避免导轨8的高度差影响到夹爪4，导轨8上的滑座3设计成不同的厚度，以弥补由于导轨8之间形成的高度差，最终使得各个夹爪4处于同一水平面内，在抱轮胎时可以均匀用力。
夹爪4的外端为夹持部41，夹持部41与轮胎接触的外侧面上均匀设有摩擦凸起42，摩擦凸起42的设置提高了夹持部41与轮胎之间的摩擦力，避免出现滑脱现象。
参见图1、图2、图3和图5所示，齿轮齿条传动机构包括三根齿条2，每根齿条2的一端与滑座3固定连接，并与所述导轨8反方向平行设置，具体的，座体1上位于每根导轨8的下方均开有贯穿的楔形方孔9，齿条2从与导轨8的延伸方向相反的方向插入楔形方孔9内，并固定在对应的滑座3上。在座体1铸造过程中，基于三根导轨8并非均匀排布，每个楔形方孔9也都采用了楔形角度设置，在具体制造时通常采用铸造方式，即采用楔形芯子，通过抽芯方式实现，此时为了方便操作，保证楔形芯子不断裂，既保证了楔形方孔的功能，同时加工简单易行。楔形方孔9也可以采用切割方式形成。
齿轮14固定设置在中心轴套12上，三根齿条2分别与齿轮14啮合传动，由于齿条2的长度可相对灵活设置，与现有的曲柄连杆传动方式或齿轮传动方式相比，齿轮齿条传动的行程可以为较大范围，同时又保证产品的整体尺寸紧凑。这种结构能够使得夹爪4适用于不同尺寸和规格的轮胎，适用范围更宽泛。
参见图7、图8、图9和图10，锁定机构7包括棘轮13、定位销杆17和定位销伸缩构件，棘轮13固定在中心轴套12上并与齿轮14相邻设置，二者之间紧挨着，利于缩小整体尺寸。定位销伸缩构件驱动定位销杆17实现与棘轮13卡合或分离。
具体的，座体1的侧面凸出有导向部18，导向部18可以与座体1一体成型设置，导向部18上开有供定位销杆17穿过的导向孔181。定位销杆17的前部凸出有环形卡块171，环形卡块171内置于导向孔181中，环形卡块171的直径略小于导向孔181的直径，起到导向作用，能够保证定位销杆17顺利在导向孔181中伸缩，且不会发生较大角度的倾斜。
定位销杆17的前端设有与棘轮13的齿背相卡合的卡合部172，卡合部172呈斜坡状，当卡合部172与棘轮13呈卡合状态时，根据棘轮13的工作原理，此时手轮5转动带动中心轴套12转动，由于中心轴套12与棘轮13固定，因此中心轴套12只能单方向转动，这种单方向转动可以带动夹具4也单向转动，即朝着夹紧轮胎的趋势转动，避免反转导致前功尽弃，提高安全性和工作有效性。
定位销伸缩构件包括与座体1固定连接的连接板材21、凹轮19、凸轮20及复位弹簧22，凹轮19、凸轮20及复位弹簧22均穿设在定位销杆17上，凹轮19和凸轮20相互匹配，且凹轮19固定在连接板材21上，复位弹簧22的一端压在凹轮19的下平面，另一端压在定位销杆17的限位销上，定位销杆17的后端固定有螺栓帽23。
凹轮19上设有若干回转角度的凹斜面191，凸轮20上设有与凹斜面191相互适配的凸斜面202。凸轮20上设有操作把手201，连接板材21上开有倾 斜槽211，操作把手201卡装在倾斜槽211内。扳动操作把手201时，凸轮20的凸斜面202沿凹轮19的凹斜面191旋转上升，凸轮20推动螺母23带动定位销杆17向上同步移动，进而带动定位销杆17与棘轮13分离，此时复位弹簧22压缩。当凸轮20的下端面上升至凹轮19的上平面时，进行定位，弹簧22处于最大压缩状态。
再次扳动操作把手201，凸轮20绕定位销杆17呈顺时针转动，在复位弹簧22的弹性回复力作用下定位销杆17复位，定位销杆17的卡合部172与棘轮13回到卡合状态。
本专利，可以通过扳动凸轮20的操作把手201实现与凹轮19的紧密扣合或错开，进而带动定位销杆17与棘轮13卡合或分离，结构简单，操作方便。
本专利的工作原理如下：
当需要对轮胎进行定心或校准时，通过提手11将该定位夹具拿来使用，在未使用之前，先根据轮胎的尺寸规格大小调整三个夹爪4距离中心轴套12的距离，用手旋转操作把手201，凸轮20以定位销杆17为轴进行旋转，凸轮20的凸斜面202沿凹轮19的凹斜面191旋转上升，如上文所述，使得定位销杆17与棘轮13处于分离状态，此时可以根据轮胎具体情况旋转手轮5，使得齿轮14沿着齿条2啮合传动，调整到合适的位置后，用手旋转操作把手201，使其回到倾斜槽211内，此时定位销杆17与棘轮13卡合，手轮5只能带动中心轴套12单向运动。
将该定心夹具对准轮胎，三个夹爪4卡住轮胎，旋转手轮5，手轮5带动中心轴套12单向旋转，中心轴套12带动齿轮14沿着齿条2转动，夹爪4 随着转动而收缩，逐渐的夹紧轮胎，达到一定的夹紧力之后，停止旋转，由于锁定机构7的存在，即使松手手轮5也不会倒转，安全性能好，灵活性更高。
本发明，通过采用齿轮齿条传动机构，能够提高夹具的调节行程，可以针对不同型号和尺寸的轮胎进行校准或定心，而且调节速度快，提高工作效率，锁定机构7能够快速的控制工作时齿轮齿条传动机构以及对应的夹爪的转动方向，单向转动，避免反转导致前功尽弃，提高安全性和工作有效性，整个夹具通过手轮来进行实现工作，简单易操作，符合市场需求，具有极高的实用性。
需要说明的是，上述实施例均为优选实施例，相关功能部件可以用其他部件代替，所涉及的单元和模块并不一定是本申请所必须的。本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。
以上对本申请所提供的一种轮胎快速定心夹具进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种轮胎快速定心夹具，其特征在于，包括：
    夹具主体组件，包括呈空心圆柱状的座体和沿所述座体圆周设置并向外延伸的三根导轨，每根所述导轨上均配置有滑座，所述滑座上固定有用于抱紧轮胎的夹爪；
    齿轮齿条传动机构，包括三根齿条，每根所述齿条的一端与所述滑座固定连接，并与所述导轨反方向平行设置，所述座体内安装有中心轴套，所述中心轴套上固定有齿轮，三根所述齿条分别与所述齿轮啮合传动，所述中心轴套上端设有带动其转动的手轮；
    锁定机构，包括棘轮、定位销杆和定位销伸缩构件，所述棘轮固定在所述中心轴套上并与所述齿轮相邻设置，所述定位销伸缩构件驱动所述定位销杆与所述棘轮卡合或分离；
    所述定位销杆与所述棘轮卡合时，转动所述手轮带动所述中心轴套单向转动，三根所述齿条随之同步运转，并带动所述夹爪夹紧轮胎，所述定位销杆与所述棘轮分离时，转动所述手轮带动所述中心轴套、所述齿条及所述夹爪自由转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述座体一端封闭，另一端装有端盖，所述端盖中心开有贯穿的中心孔，所述中心轴套穿过所述中心孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，三根所述导轨呈Y形设置，所述座体上位于每根所述导轨的下方均开有贯穿的楔形方孔，所述齿条从与所述导轨的延伸方向相反的方向插入所述楔形方孔内，并固定在对应的所述滑座上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述导轨之间存在高度差，所述导轨上的所述滑座的厚度不同以弥补该高度差，使得各个所述夹爪处于同一水平面内。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述座体的侧面凸出有导向部，所述导向部上开有供所述定位销杆穿过的导向孔，所述定位销杆的前部凸出有环形卡块，所述环形卡块内置于所述导向孔中。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述定位销杆的前端设有与所述棘轮的齿背相卡合的卡合部，所述卡合部呈斜坡状。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述定位销伸缩构件包括与所述座体固定连接的连接板材、凹轮、凸轮及复位弹簧，所述凹轮、凸轮及所述复位弹簧均穿设在所述定位销杆上，所述凹轮和所述凸轮相互匹配且所述凹轮固定在所述连接板材上，
    所述复位弹簧的一端压在所述凹轮的下平面，另一端压在所述定位销杆的限位销上，所述定位销杆的后端固定有螺栓帽。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述凹轮上设有若干回转角度的凹斜面，所述凸轮上设有与所述凹斜面相互适配的凸斜面。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述凸轮上设有操作把手，所述连接板材开有供所述操作把手卡入的倾斜槽，扳动所述操作把手，带动所述凸轮的所述凸斜面沿所述凹轮的所述凹斜面旋转上升或下降，进而带动所述定位销杆与所述棘轮分离或卡合。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，其中 一个所述导轨的上端设置有提手。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轮胎快速定心夹具,其特征在于，所述夹爪的外端为夹持部，所述夹持部与所述轮胎接触的外侧面上均匀设有摩擦凸起。
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