WO2020103394A1 - 一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法 - Google Patents

一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法

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Publication number
WO2020103394A1
WO2020103394A1 PCT/CN2019/083798 CN2019083798W WO2020103394A1 WO 2020103394 A1 WO2020103394 A1 WO 2020103394A1 CN 2019083798 W CN2019083798 W CN 2019083798W WO 2020103394 A1 WO2020103394 A1 WO 2020103394A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
monitoring device
potential
locomotive
data
control unit
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/083798
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许少毅
邢方方
李威
王禹桥
陈瑶
薛宏宇
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Xuzhou Zhongmine Transmission Track Technology Co Ltd
China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
Original Assignee
Xuzhou Zhongmine Transmission Track Technology Co Ltd
China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Application filed by Xuzhou Zhongmine Transmission Track Technology Co Ltd, China University of Mining and Technology CUMT, China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB filed Critical Xuzhou Zhongmine Transmission Track Technology Co Ltd
Priority to US16/636,916 priority Critical patent/US10962605B2/en
Priority to AU2019299873A priority patent/AU2019299873B2/en
Priority to RU2020102822A priority patent/RU2739966C1/ru
Publication of WO2020103394A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020103394A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C22/00—Measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, persons, animals or other moving solid bodies, e.g. using odometers, using pedometers
    • G01C22/02—Measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, persons, animals or other moving solid bodies, e.g. using odometers, using pedometers by conversion into electric waveforms and subsequent integration, e.g. using tachometer generator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/008—Testing of electric installations on transport means on air- or spacecraft, railway rolling stock or sea-going vessels

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of track monitoring, and in particular relates to a method for monitoring the insulation damage position of a subway / coal mine return track and its transition resistance.
  • DC traction locomotives are one of the main transportation devices required for production and life.
  • the traction current changes from the roadway overhead line to the feeder line. Take the positive pole of the substation, and return to the negative pole of the substation through the return track. Therefore, when the insulation of the return rail to the ground is damaged, part of the traction current will leak from the damaged position of the ground to the ground, thereby forming a stray current in the coal mine or subway.
  • the hazards of stray currents in coal mines mainly include: leading explosions of electric detonators, inducing mine gas and dust explosion accidents, corroding metal pipes and metal sheaths of armored cables, and affecting the normal operation of electrical equipment in coal mines.
  • Stray currents in the subway will cause electrochemical corrosion to the steel bars of civil structures, equipment metal shells and other underground metal pipelines, thereby affecting the service life of civil structures, equipment and other metal pipelines.
  • this power supply mode In a transportation system that uses DC traction locomotives such as coal mines or subways, when the locomotive is only powered by a single substation, this power supply mode is called a unilateral single locomotive power supply mode.
  • this power supply mode In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of coal mine or subway systems, it is necessary to timely find the damaged location of the return track to the ground and prevent the formation of stray currents from the source. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the precise positioning method of the insulation location of the return track to the ground in the unilateral single locomotive power supply mode.
  • the research in this direction is at the preliminary stage. Track-to-ground insulation damage location method (Liu Jianhua et al., Urban Rail Transit Research, 2015.09). This method requires the injection of traveling wave signals to the return rail where insulation damage occurs.
  • the present invention proposes a method for monitoring the insulation damage position of a subway / coal mine return track and its transition resistance.
  • This method is connected to the negative pole of the substation when the DC traction locomotive travels through the return track insulation breakdown position on the ground
  • the potential of the return rail position will jump, which is a direct and convenient and accurate online real-time monitoring of the damaged position of the return rail to ground insulation.
  • the monitoring principle and concept are ingenious.
  • the monitoring system has a simple structure and suitable cost. It is especially suitable for coal mines. Or subway and other application fields using DC traction locomotives.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for monitoring the insulation damage location of the subway / coal mine return track and its transition resistance:
  • the return rail 1 is connected to the negative pole of the substation 2 through a cable, and the position 11 of the connection point is selected as the reference position.
  • step S2 Install the potential monitoring device 3 at the reference position selected in step S1 to collect potential data at the reference position at a certain time; at the same time, install the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6 on the locomotive 4 to collect a certain time The travel distance data and traction current data of the locomotive 4 are dropped.
  • the locomotive 4 travels along the return track 1 to the substation 2.
  • the potential monitoring device 3, the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6 continuously collect potential data, travel distance data and traction current data, and sample The frequencies are all 1000 Hz.
  • the control unit 7 controls the acquisition time of the potential monitoring device 3, the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6, and the potential monitoring device 3, the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6 respectively collect The data is sent to the control unit 7 via wireless communication.
  • the control unit 7 determines the traction current of the locomotive 4 at the transition time from the received traction current data and defines it as I, and determines the potential at the reference position at the transition time from the received potential data and defines it as v, according to step S4
  • the determined distance L between the ground return insulation location 12 of the return rail 1 and the reference position, the longitudinal resistance R t and the transition resistance R g of the return rail 1, the control unit 7 calculates the position of the return rail 1 ground insulation breakdown location 12 by the following formula Transition resistance R z :
  • the longitudinal resistance and transition resistance of the return rail 1 are the monitored physical quantities of the subway or coal mine system.
  • the locomotive 4 is a DC traction locomotive.
  • the potential monitoring device 3 is composed of a voltage transmission module, a data collection module and a wireless communication module.
  • the reference position is connected to the voltage transmission module through a signal cable.
  • the voltage transmission module converts the potential signal at the reference position according to the permission of the data collection module
  • the data type and range are converted.
  • the data collection module collects and processes the converted data and sends it to the control unit 7 through the wireless communication module.
  • the driving distance monitoring device 5 is composed of a rotary encoder, a programmable controller and a wireless communication module.
  • the rotary encoder is installed on the axle of the locomotive 4.
  • the rotary encoder converts the speed signal of the locomotive 4 into a high-speed pulse train and consists of
  • the high-speed counter of the programmable controller collects, the number of high-speed pulses and the circumference generated by one revolution of the wheel are known quantities.
  • the number of rotations of the wheel of the computer 4 of the programmable controller computer is the product of the number of rotations and the circumference as the locomotive 4.
  • the running distance is sent to the control unit 7 through the wireless communication module.
  • the traction current monitoring device 6 includes an optical fiber current transformer and a wireless communication module.
  • the optical fiber current transformer monitors the traction current of the locomotive 4 and sends it to the control unit 7 through the wireless communication module.
  • the subway / coal mine return track insulation damage position and its transition resistance monitoring method of the present invention are connected with the negative electrode of the substation
  • the potential of the potential of the connected return rail will jump, which is a direct, convenient and accurate online real-time monitoring of the damaged position of the return rail to ground insulation and its transition resistance
  • the monitoring system constructed by the present invention has a simple structure and is convenient Quick layout, suitable cost, clear and obvious characteristics of monitoring results, especially suitable for application fields such as coal mines or subways that use DC traction locomotives.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply mode before the locomotive of the present invention passes through a position where the ground insulation is damaged;
  • 1-return track 2-substation, 3-potential monitoring device, 4-locomotive, 5-travel distance monitoring device, 6-traction current monitoring device, 7-control unit, 11-reference position, 12-pair Location of ground insulation damage.
  • FIG. 1 The method for monitoring the insulation damage position of the subway / coal subway / coal mine return track and its transition resistance according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. This includes:
  • the return rail 1 is connected to the negative pole of the substation 2 through a cable, and the position 11 of the connection point is selected as the reference position.
  • step S2 Install the potential monitoring device 3 at the reference position selected in step S1 to collect potential data at the reference position at a certain time; at the same time, install the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6 on the locomotive 4 to collect a certain time The travel distance data and traction current data of the locomotive 4 are dropped.
  • the locomotive 4 travels along the return track 1 to the substation 2.
  • the potential monitoring device 3, the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6 continuously collect potential data, travel distance data and traction current data, and sample The frequencies are all 1000 Hz.
  • the control unit 7 controls the acquisition time of the potential monitoring device 3, the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6, and the potential monitoring device 3, the travel distance monitoring device 5 and the traction current monitoring device 6 respectively collect The data is sent to the control unit 7 via wireless communication.
  • the preset value can be set according to actual needs, for example, the preset value is set to 1V; because the potential monitoring device 3 and The collection time of the travel distance monitoring device 5 is synchronized, and the control unit 7 uses the travel distance data collected by the travel distance monitoring device 5 when the locomotive 4 travels to the reference position as the total running length L 1 of the locomotive 4 and determines from the received travel distance data
  • the control unit 7 determines the traction current of the locomotive 4 at the transition time from the received traction current data and defines it as I, and determines the potential at the reference position at the transition time from the received potential data and defines it as v, according to step S4
  • the determined distance L between the ground return insulation location 12 of the return rail 1 and the reference position, the longitudinal resistance R t and the transition resistance R g of the return rail 1, the control unit 7 calculates the position of the return rail 1 ground insulation breakdown location 12 by the following formula Transition resistance R z :
  • the longitudinal resistance and transition resistance of the return rail 1 are the monitored physical quantities of the subway or coal mine system.
  • the locomotive 4 is a DC traction locomotive.
  • the potential monitoring device 3 is composed of a voltage transmission module, a data collection module and a wireless communication module.
  • the reference position is connected to the voltage transmission module through a signal cable.
  • the voltage transmission module converts the potential signal at the reference position according to the permission of the data collection module
  • the data type and range are converted.
  • the data collection module collects and processes the converted data and sends it to the control unit 7 through the wireless communication module.
  • the driving distance monitoring device 5 is composed of a rotary encoder, a programmable controller and a wireless communication module.
  • the rotary encoder is installed on the axle of the locomotive 4.
  • the rotary encoder converts the speed signal of the locomotive 4 into a high-speed pulse train and consists of
  • the high-speed counter of the programmable controller collects, the number of high-speed pulses and the circumference generated by one revolution of the wheel are known quantities.
  • the number of rotations of the wheel of the computer 4 of the programmable controller computer is the product of the number of rotations and the circumference as the locomotive 4.
  • the running distance is sent to the control unit 7 through the wireless communication module.
  • the traction current monitoring device 6 includes an optical fiber current transformer and a wireless communication module.
  • the optical fiber current transformer monitors the traction current of the locomotive 4 and sends it to the control unit 7 through the wireless communication module.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Abstract

一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置（12）及其过渡电阻监测方法，包括以下步骤：回流轨道（1）与变电所（2）负极相连，选择连接点的位置作为基准位置（11）并于基准位置（11）安装电位监测装置（3）；在机车（4）上安装行驶距离监测装置（5）以及牵引电流监测装置（6），机车（4）沿回流轨道（1）驶向变电所（2），电位监测装置（3）、行驶距离监测装置（5）以及牵引电流监测装置（6）将各自记录的数据发送至控制单元（7）；控制单元（7）从接收到的电位数据中判别电位跳变以及对应的跳变时间，确定跳变时刻机车（4）的运行路程以及机车（4）的运行总长，从而确定对地绝缘破损位置（12），相应得到对地绝缘破损位置（12）的过渡电阻值。监测方法直接便捷地在线实时监测回流轨道（1）对地绝缘破损位置（12），监测系统结构简单，成本适宜，特别适用于煤矿或地铁等采用直流牵引机车（4）的应用领域。

Description

一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法 技术领域
本发明属于轨道监控技术领域，尤其涉及一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法。
背景技术
在煤矿或地铁等采用直流牵引机车的运输系统中，直流牵引机车是生产生活所需的主要运输装置之一，直流牵引机车在回流轨道上运行时，牵引电流经巷道架空线、馈电线从变电所正极取得，并通过回流轨道返回变电所的负极。因此，当回流轨道对地绝缘出现破损，将会有部分牵引电流从对地绝缘破损位置泄漏至大地，从而形成煤矿井或地铁杂散电流。煤矿井下杂散电流的危害主要包括：引起电雷管的超前爆炸，诱发矿井瓦斯、粉尘爆炸事故，对煤矿井下金属管道、铠装电缆金属外壳的腐蚀，以及影响煤矿井下电气设备的正常运行。地铁杂散电流会对土建结构钢筋、设备金属外壳以及其他地下金属管线产生电化学腐蚀，从而影响土建结构、设备和其他金属管线的使用寿命。
在煤矿或地铁等采用直流牵引机车的运输系统中，当机车仅由单一变电所供电时，这种供电模式称为单边单机车供电模式。为了保证煤矿或地铁等系统的安全稳定运营，必须及时发现回流轨道对地绝缘破损位置，从源头上防止杂散电流的形成。因此，亟需研究单边单机车供电模式下回流轨道对地绝缘破损位置精准定位方法，然而，目前该方向的研究处于初步阶段，通过检索现有文献发现一种基于C型行波法的回流轨道对地绝缘破损位置定位方法(刘建华等，城市轨道交通研究，2015.09)，这种方法需要向发生绝缘破损的回流轨道注入行波信号，行波信号在绝缘破损位置反射回信号注入位置，根据信号在注入位置与绝缘破损位置之间往返的时间以及行波信号的波速实现绝缘破损位置的定位，这种方法的可行性及准确性仅经过仿真验证，还需进一步的工程实践证明。
发明内容
发明目的：针对以上问题，本发明提出一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，该方法根据直流牵引机车行驶经过回流轨道对地绝缘破损位置时，与变电所负极相连的回流轨道位置的电位将会发生跳变这一发明构思，直接便捷、精确地在线实时监测回流轨道对地绝缘破损位置，监测原理及构思巧妙，监测系统结构简单，成本适宜，特别适用于煤矿或地铁等采用直流牵引机车的应用领域。
技术方案：为实现本发明的目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法：
S1：回流轨道1通过电缆与变电所2负极连接，选择连接点的位置11作为基准位置。
S2：在步骤S1中选择的基准位置安装电位监测装置3，采集某一时刻下基准位置的电位数据；同时，在机车4上安装行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6，采集某一时刻下机车4的行驶距离数据和牵引电流数据。
S3：机车4沿回流轨道1向变电所2行驶，在行驶过程中，电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6连续采集电位数据、行驶距离数据和牵引电流数据，采样频率均为1000Hz，控制单元7控制电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6的采集时间同步，电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6分别将所采集的数据通过无线通信方式发送至控制单元7。
S4：机车4行驶至基准位置后停止运行，电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6完成数据采集并停止工作；控制单元7根据相邻采样间隔内电位变化超过预设值为电位跳变的准则，从接收到的电位数据中判别电位跳变以及对应的跳变时间，其中，预设值可以根据实际需要设置；由于电位监测装置3和行驶距离监测装置5的采集时间同步，控制单元7将机车4行驶至基准位置时行驶距离监测装置5采集的行驶距离数据作为机车4的运行总长L 1，并从接收到的行驶距离数据中确定跳变时刻机车4的运行路程L 2，将运行总长L 1和运行路程L 2的差值作为回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置12与基准位置的距离L，即L＝L 1-L 2，实现回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置的定位。
S5：控制单元7从接收到的牵引电流数据中确定跳变时刻机车4的牵引电流并定义为I，从接收到的电位数据中确定跳变时刻基准位置的电位并定义为v，根据步骤S4确定的回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置12与基准位置的距离L，回流轨道1的纵向电阻R t和过渡电阻R g，控制单元7通过下式计算得到回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置12的过渡电阻R z：
Figure PCTCN2019083798-appb-000001
其中，回流轨道1的纵向电阻和过渡电阻是地铁或煤矿系统的监测物理量。
所述的机车4为直流牵引机车。
所述的电位监测装置3由电压变送模块、数据采集模块以及无线通信模块组成，基准位置通过信号电缆与电压变送模块连接，电压变送模块将基准位置的电位信号按照数据采集模块许可的数据类型及范围进行转换，数据采集模块对转换后的数据进行采集处理，通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元7。
所述的行驶距离监测装置5由旋转编码器、可编程控制器和无线通信模块组成，旋转编码器安装于机车4的轮轴上，旋转编码器将机车4的速度信号转换成高速脉冲串并由可编程控制器的高速计数器采集，车轮旋转一周产生的高速脉冲数量以及周长均是已 知量，可编程控制器计算机车4车轮的旋转周数，将旋转周数与周长的乘积作为机车4的运行路程，通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元7。
所述的牵引电流监测装置6包括光纤电流互感器和无线通信模块，光纤电流互感器监测机车4的牵引电流，并通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元7。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明的一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，根据直流牵引机车行驶经过回流轨道对地绝缘破损位置时，与变电所负极相连的回流轨道位置的电位将会发生跳变这一发明构思，直接便捷、精确地在线实时监测回流轨道对地绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻；此外，本发明所构建的监测系统结构简单，便于快速布置，成本适宜，监测结果特征清晰明显，特别适用于煤矿或地铁等采用直流牵引机车的应用领域。
附图说明
图1是本发明的机车经过对地绝缘破损位置之前供电模式示意图；
其中：1-回流轨道，2-变电所，3-电位监测装置，4-机车，5-行驶距离监测装置，6-牵引电流监测装置，7-控制单元，11-基准位置，12-对地绝缘破损位置。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。
本发明所述的一种地铁/煤矿地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，如图1所示。具体包括：
S1：回流轨道1通过电缆与变电所2负极连接，选择连接点的位置11作为基准位置。
S2：在步骤S1中选择的基准位置安装电位监测装置3，采集某一时刻下基准位置的电位数据；同时，在机车4上安装行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6，采集某一时刻下机车4的行驶距离数据和牵引电流数据。
S3：机车4沿回流轨道1向变电所2行驶，在行驶过程中，电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6连续采集电位数据、行驶距离数据和牵引电流数据，采样频率均为1000Hz，控制单元7控制电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6的采集时间同步，电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6分别将所采集的数据通过无线通信方式发送至控制单元7。
S4：机车4行驶至基准位置后停止运行，电位监测装置3、行驶距离监测装置5和牵引电流监测装置6完成数据采集并停止工作；控制单元7根据相邻采样间隔内电位变化超过预设值为电位跳变的准则，从接收到的电位数据中判别电位跳变以及对应的跳变时间，其中，预设值可以根据实际需要设置，比如预设值设置为1V；由于电位监测装置3和行驶距离监测装置5的采集时间同步，控制单元7将机车4行驶至基准位置时行 驶距离监测装置5采集的行驶距离数据作为机车4的运行总长L 1，并从接收到的行驶距离数据中确定跳变时刻机车4的运行路程L 2，将运行总长L 1和运行路程L 2的差值作为回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置12与基准位置的距离L，即L＝L 1-L 2，实现回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置的定位。
S5：控制单元7从接收到的牵引电流数据中确定跳变时刻机车4的牵引电流并定义为I，从接收到的电位数据中确定跳变时刻基准位置的电位并定义为v，根据步骤S4确定的回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置12与基准位置的距离L，回流轨道1的纵向电阻R t和过渡电阻R g，控制单元7通过下式计算得到回流轨道1对地绝缘破损位置12的过渡电阻R z：
Figure PCTCN2019083798-appb-000002
其中，回流轨道1的纵向电阻和过渡电阻是地铁或煤矿系统的监测物理量。
所述的机车4为直流牵引机车。
所述的电位监测装置3由电压变送模块、数据采集模块以及无线通信模块组成，基准位置通过信号电缆与电压变送模块连接，电压变送模块将基准位置的电位信号按照数据采集模块许可的数据类型及范围进行转换，数据采集模块对转换后的数据进行采集处理，通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元7。
所述的行驶距离监测装置5由旋转编码器、可编程控制器和无线通信模块组成，旋转编码器安装于机车4的轮轴上，旋转编码器将机车4的速度信号转换成高速脉冲串并由可编程控制器的高速计数器采集，车轮旋转一周产生的高速脉冲数量以及周长均是已知量，可编程控制器计算机车4车轮的旋转周数，将旋转周数与周长的乘积作为机车4的运行路程，通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元7。
所述的牵引电流监测装置6包括光纤电流互感器和无线通信模块，光纤电流互感器监测机车4的牵引电流，并通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元7。
以上所述，仅是本发明的优选实施例，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围；凡是依据本发明的技术实质，对以上实施例所做出任何简单修改或同等变化，均落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，其特征在于，该方法包括如下步骤：
    S1：回流轨道(1)通过电缆与变电所(2)负极连接，选择连接点的位置(11)作为基准位置；
    S2：在步骤S1中选择的基准位置安装电位监测装置(3)，采集某一时刻基准位置的电位数据；同时，在机车(4)上安装行驶距离监测装置(5)和牵引电流监测装置(6)，分别采集某一时刻机车(4)的行驶距离数据和牵引电流数据；
    S3：机车(4)沿回流轨道(1)向变电所(2)行驶，在行驶过程中，电位监测装置(3)、行驶距离监测装置(5)和牵引电流监测装置(6)连续采集电位数据、行驶距离数据和牵引电流数据，控制单元(7)控制电位监测装置(3)、行驶距离监测装置(5)和牵引电流监测装置(6)的采集时间同步，电位监测装置(3)、行驶距离监测装置(5)和牵引电流监测装置(6)分别将所采集的数据通过无线通信方式发送至控制单元(7)；
    S4：控制单元(7)根据相邻采样间隔内电位变化超过预设值为电位跳变的准则，从接收到的电位数据中判别电位跳变以及对应的跳变时间；控制单元(7)将机车(4)行驶至基准位置时行驶距离监测装置(5)采集的行驶距离数据作为机车(4)的运行总长L 1，并从接收到的行驶距离数据中确定跳变时刻机车(4)的运行路程L 2，将运行总长L 1和运行路程L 2的差值作为回流轨道(1)对地绝缘破损位置(12)与基准位置的距离L，即L＝L 1-L 2；
    S5：控制单元(7)从接收到的牵引电流数据中确定跳变时刻机车(4)的牵引电流并定义为I，从接收到的电位数据中确定跳变时刻基准位置的电位并定义为v，根据步骤S4确定的回流轨道(1)对地绝缘破损位置(12)与基准位置的距离L，回流轨道(1)的纵向电阻R t和过渡电阻R g，控制单元(7)通过下式计算得到回流轨道(1)对地绝缘破损位置(12)的过渡电阻R z：
    Figure PCTCN2019083798-appb-100001
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，其特征在于：所述机车(4)为直流牵引机车。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，其特征在于：所述电位监测装置(3)由电压变送模块、数据采集模块以及无线通信模块组成，基准位置通过信号电缆与电压变送模块连接，电压变送模块将基准位置的电位信号按照数据采集模块许可的数据类型及范围进行转换，数据采集模块对转换后的数据进行采集、处理，通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元(7)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，其特征在于：所述行驶距离监测装置(5)由旋转编码器、可编程控制器和无线通信模块组成，旋转编码器安装于机车(4)的轮轴上，旋转编码器将机车(4)的速度信号转换成高速脉冲串并由可编程控制器的高速计数器采集，可编程控制器计算机车(4)车轮的旋转周数，将旋转周数与周长的乘积作为机车(4)的运行路程，通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元(7)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种地铁/煤矿回流轨道绝缘破损位置及其过渡电阻监测方法，其特征在于：所述牵引电流监测装置(6)包括光纤电流互感器和无线通信模块，光纤电流互感器监测机车(4)的牵引电流，并通过无线通信模块发送给控制单元(7)。
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