WO2020098544A1 - 多孔发热体、包含多孔发热体的雾化器 - Google Patents

多孔发热体、包含多孔发热体的雾化器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020098544A1
WO2020098544A1 PCT/CN2019/116008 CN2019116008W WO2020098544A1 WO 2020098544 A1 WO2020098544 A1 WO 2020098544A1 CN 2019116008 W CN2019116008 W CN 2019116008W WO 2020098544 A1 WO2020098544 A1 WO 2020098544A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
porous
oil
heating element
heating
hole
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/116008
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张青
袁军
张云开
李郑发
黄德胜
雷宝灵
李永海
徐中立
Original Assignee
深圳市合元科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 深圳市合元科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市合元科技有限公司
Priority to EP19884661.0A priority Critical patent/EP3881696A4/en
Priority to US17/294,511 priority patent/US20220007724A1/en
Publication of WO2020098544A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020098544A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/44—Wicks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/42—Cartridges or containers for inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/48—Fluid transfer means, e.g. pumps
    • A24F40/485—Valves; Apertures

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of electronic cigarettes, and in particular, to a porous heating element and an atomizer including the porous heating element.
  • the core component of the electronic cigarette product is an atomizer that evaporates the electronic cigarette oil.
  • the function of the atomizer is mainly based on a porous body and a heating element.
  • the porous body is a component with capillary pores inside, which can be used for infiltration, absorption and conduction of smoke oil through the internal pores; and the heating element has a heating portion for heating and a conductive pin portion, which is used for the heating portion
  • a smoke oil gas sol for smoking is formed.
  • porous bodies usually include porous fibers, porous ceramics, foamed metals, etc .; these rigid structures of porous bodies are usually used in the shape of hollow columns / or blocks, and the heating element is embedded in the ceramic body, and then The whole is installed in a fixed-size atomizer casing.
  • the porous body of the above shape and structure on the one hand, on the premise that the outer diameter of the porous body is constant, the hollow columnar structure infiltrates the oil relatively slowly, which is easy to cause insufficient oil conduction, causing the decomposition of flavors and fragrances, resulting in insufficient reduction in the taste experience, or heating wire Dry burning produces a paste smell; and the cylindrical shape with a constant outer diameter is inconvenient to set up structural parts that are fixed and connected to the casing cover of the atomizer, and is not convenient to achieve stable assembly and sealing.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a porous heating body with better oil guiding properties and easy assembly and sealing.
  • the porous heat generating body provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a porous body for conducting liquid.
  • the porous body includes a first porous portion, a second porous portion, and a A third porous portion; and along the width direction of the porous body, the cross-sectional areas of the first porous portion and the third porous portion are larger than the second porous portion;
  • the porous body is provided with a heating element extending along the length of the porous body, the heating element having a heating portion for atomizing the liquid to generate an aerosol; at least a portion of the extending length of the heating portion along the length of the porous body It overlaps with the extension length of the second porous portion.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first porous portion in the width direction of the porous body is constant;
  • the cross-sectional area of the second porous portion in the width direction of the porous body is constant;
  • the cross-sectional area of the third porous portion in the width direction of the porous body is constant.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first porous portion in the width direction of the porous body gradually decreases along the length direction of the porous body and toward the second porous portion.
  • the first porous portion includes a first oil guide section and a second oil guide section arranged in sequence; wherein,
  • the cross-sectional area of the first oil guide section in the width direction is constant;
  • the cross-sectional area of the second oil guide segment in the width direction gradually decreases.
  • the cross-sectional area of the third porous portion in the width direction of the porous body gradually decreases along the length direction of the porous body and toward the second porous portion.
  • the third porous portion includes a third oil guiding section and a fourth oil guiding section arranged in sequence; wherein,
  • the cross-sectional area of the third oil guiding section in the width direction is constant;
  • the cross-sectional area of the fourth oil guide segment in the width direction gradually decreases.
  • the present invention further proposes an atomizer product including the above porous heating element;
  • the specific atomizer includes a hollow outer shell with an oil storage cavity for storing smoke oil;
  • the casing body is further provided with a porous heating element for sucking the cigarette oil from the oil storage cavity and atomizing the cigarette oil;
  • the porous heating element is the porous heating element described above.
  • the porous body is further provided with at least one through hole that sequentially penetrates the first porous portion, the second porous portion, and the third porous portion in sequence along the length direction of the porous body.
  • the porous body is further provided with at least one through hole that sequentially penetrates the first porous portion, the second porous portion, and the third porous portion in sequence along the length direction of the porous body.
  • the inner wall of the through hole includes a first cigarette oil working surface; and along the radial direction of the through hole, the second porous portion has a second cigarette oil working surface corresponding to the first cigarette oil working surface ;
  • the distance between the first cigarette oil working surface and the second cigarette oil working surface is the same along the radial direction of the through hole.
  • the through hole is used to lead out an aerosol;
  • the first cigarette oil working surface is configured as an atomizing surface for atomizing cigarette oil, and the heating portion of the heating element is provided on the atomizing surface;
  • the second cigarette oil working surface is configured as a liquid contact surface that contacts the cigarette oil.
  • the inner wall of the through hole has two opposite atomizing surfaces, and a first heating portion and a second heating portion are correspondingly provided on the two atomizing surfaces, and the first heating portion and the second heating portion are connected in parallel or Connect in series.
  • the through hole communicates with the oil storage cavity
  • the first cigarette oil working surface is configured as a liquid contact surface in contact with cigarette oil
  • the second cigarette oil working surface is configured as atomized smoke
  • the heat generating portion is provided on the atomizing surface.
  • the shortest conduction distance from the liquid contact surface to the corresponding atomizing surface through the liquid contact surface is smaller than the inner wall of the through hole along the radial direction of the through hole and the outer surface of the first porous portion or the third porous portion The distance between.
  • the through holes include first and second through holes that sequentially penetrate the first porous portion, the second porous portion, and the third porous portion along the length direction of the porous body;
  • the heating element includes a first heating portion provided on the atomizing surface of the first through hole, and a second heating portion provided on the atomizing surface of the second through hole; and the first heating portion and The second heat generating portion is configured to have different heat generating temperatures.
  • the casing body is provided with a flue gas transmission tube for outputting the flue gas sol generated by the atomization of the porous heating element to the outside of the atomizer, a fixing seat for fixing the porous heating element, and a connection place Describe the connection of porous heating element and flue gas transmission tube;
  • the fixing seat is provided with a first accommodating part adapted to the first porous part;
  • the connecting piece has a second accommodating part adapted to the third porous part, and a connecting part connected to the flue gas transmission tube;
  • the porous heating element is connected to the fixing base through the cooperation of the first porous portion and the first accommodating portion, and connected to the connecting member through the cooperation of the third porous portion and the second accommodating portion.
  • the porous body adopts a dumbbell shape with a thin center and thick ends, and the middle part has a relatively shorter transmission distance of the smoke oil, the smoke oil conducts more quickly, which is beneficial to improve the smoke mist Oil conductivity during chemical conversion.
  • the protruding parts at both ends can play the role of oil storage to supplement the smoke oil consumption in the middle part, thereby improving the smoke oil replenishment efficiency during atomization; on the other hand, it is easy to fix and seal the connection with other components;
  • the parts connected to the porous heating element at both ends are conductive.
  • the present invention also proposes a method for preparing a porous body with high smoke output and smoke efficiency and a porous body product prepared according to the method.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Raw materials are obtained according to the following components of each mass percentage: diatomaceous earth 50% -75%, alumina 0% -10%, pore-forming agent 15% -35%, clay 5% -10%, glass frit 5% -15% ;
  • the green embryo is first incubated at 200-500 ° C for 4-10 hours, and then sintered at 700-1200 ° C for 2-4 hours to obtain a porous body.
  • the pore-forming agent is selected from at least one of sucrose, starch, wood fiber and short carbon fiber.
  • the method before the step of making the raw material wax block after mixing the raw material and paraffin wax evenly, the method further includes:
  • the raw materials are wet ball milled in deionized water or absolute ethanol medium.
  • the compression molding is performed under conditions of a temperature of 70 to 85 ° C and a pressure of 0.4 to 1 MPa.
  • FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic structural view of a porous heating element provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic structural view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the porous heating element of the embodiment of FIG. 1 along the length direction;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the installation of the porous heating element shown in FIG. 12 in the oil storage cavity of the atomizer;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a porous heating element provided by another preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the porous heating element of the embodiment of FIG. 15 along the length direction;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a porous heating element provided by another embodiment
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the second porous portion of the embodiment of FIG. 17 mounting a heating portion;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of an atomizer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is an exploded schematic view of the components of the assembly structure of the porous heating element in the atomizer of FIG. 19;
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of the silicone connector of FIG. 20 from another perspective;
  • Fig. 22 is a scanning electron microscope analysis of the cross-section of a porous body and a conventional ceramic rod prepared in an example.
  • the porous heating element of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly suitable for atomizers of electronic cigarette products.
  • it can also be extended to liquid drug component volatilization devices or other aromatic component release devices.
  • an electronic cigarette is taken as an example.
  • the structure of the external perspective view of an embodiment of the porous heating element of the present invention can be seen in FIG. 1, and the overall shape is generally a dumbbell shape.
  • the porous heating element includes a longitudinally extending cylindrical porous body and a heating element in contact with the porous body.
  • the porous body has a microporous structure inside to penetrate the conductive smoke oil to supply the heating element.
  • the heating element is used to Heating the smoke oil to generate an aerosol; wherein the porous body includes a first porous portion 10, a second porous portion 20, and a third porous portion 30 that are coaxially arranged in sequence along the length direction; and,
  • the outer diameters of the first porous portion 10 and the third porous portion 30 are larger than the second porous portion 20.
  • the porous body of the above structure is divided into three parts in the longitudinal direction, the first porous part 10, the second porous part 20, and the third porous part 30 described above in this order, and the second The outer diameter of the porous portion 20 is smaller than that of the first porous portion 10 and the third porous portion 30, so that a cavity 21 opposed to the second porous portion 20 is formed on the surface of the porous body, so that the whole is generally dumbbell-shaped shape.
  • the heating element may be formed on the porous body by sintering, printing, coating, etching, etc., or may be assembled on the porous body as a separate component.
  • the structure of the heating element includes two parts, a heating part 50 for generating heat, and an electrode pin (or a conductive connection part for realizing conduction of the heating part by connecting the heating part 50 and the power electrode) (The electrode pins are not shown in the heating elements of the embodiments from 1 to 14, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16).
  • the heat generating portion 50 extends along the length direction of the porous body, and the heat generating portion 50 is provided at a position corresponding to the second porous portion 20, that is, at least a portion of the extension length of the heat generating portion 50 along the length direction of the porous body is equal to the second The extended lengths of the hole portions 20 overlap, thereby improving the oil guide efficiency and the smoke output.
  • the specific combination of the heat generating portion 50 and the porous body may be as shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8, the heat generating portion 50 is wound on the outer surface of the second porous portion 20, or similar to that shown in FIG. 2, the heat generating portion 50 It adheres to the inner surface of the second porous portion 20.
  • the above-mentioned second porous portion 20 is inward and outward in the width direction
  • the surfaces are oil absorption surface a and atomization surface b, respectively, that is, the outer surface of the second porous portion 20 is defined as the oil absorption surface a in contact with the smoke oil, the inner wall surface of the through hole is defined as the atomization surface b, and the heating portion 50 is located in the atomization
  • the shortest transmission distance d of the smoke oil in the width direction between the oil absorption surface a and the atomization surface b is smaller than the smoke between the outer surface of the first porous portion 10 or the third porous portion 30 and the inner wall surface of the through hole Because of the oil transmission distance D, the transmission efficiency of the smoke oil of the second porous portion 20 corresponding to the position of the heat generating portion 50 is higher than that
  • the first porous portion 10 and the third porous portion 30 at both ends form a protruding shape at both ends, on the one hand, it can play the role of oil storage to supplement the smoke oil consumption in the middle portion, thereby improving the smoke oil replenishment efficiency during atomization; On the other hand, it may be convenient to use two fixed connection parts A and B as shown in FIG.
  • the first porous part 10 and the third porous part 30 The volume is larger than that of the second porous part 20, and the conduction of the heat generated by the heating part 50 to both ends of the porous body can be absorbed by the first porous part 10 and the third porous part 30 itself, which can reduce the heat from the second
  • the porous portion 20 is transmitted to the fixed connection members A and B at both ends.
  • the heating part 50 can be a heating coil / sheet heating net / cylindrical heating tube, etc., which is installed on the porous body in a manner extending along the longitudinal direction of the porous body during installation, and allows the heating element Of the heat generating portion 50 is opposed to the second porous portion 20 in the width direction, that is, it is ensured that at least a portion of the heat generating portion 50 and the second porous portion 20 in the longitudinal direction overlap with the extension length of the second porous portion 20, thereby It has better smoke oil atomization efficiency.
  • the second porous portion 20 is in the shape of a column, preferably in the shape of a cylinder / square column, etc .; the first porous portion 10 and the third porous portion 30 may also be in phase with Adjust accordingly.
  • the first porous portion 10 and the third porous portion 30 are designed in a square column shape, and the internal through holes 40 correspond.
  • the inner wall of the through hole 40 has two opposite atomizing surfaces, and the first atomizing portion 50a and the second heating portion 50b are correspondingly provided on the two atomizing surfaces.
  • the first heating portion 50a and the second heating portion 50b are connected in parallel or in series. Way to connect power components.
  • the porous body has the first porous portion 10 and the second porous in order in the longitudinal direction.
  • the through hole 40 of the portion 20 and the third porous portion 30; the role and purpose of the through hole 40 is to provide space for mounting the heating portion 50 such as a spiral heating coil / cylindrical heating net / heating wire on the one hand, and
  • the through hole 40 can be used as a transmission channel for the smoke aerosol, so that the smoke aerosol generated by internal atomization can be transmitted to the smoke channel of the atomizer.
  • the first porous portion 10 extends along the width
  • the outer diameter in the direction gradually decreases.
  • the transitional shape is more conducive to the infiltration and transmission efficiency of the smoke oil from both ends to the middle, and is beneficial to improve the Smoke volume and smoke efficiency.
  • the surface of the first porous portion 10 will have a shape inclined toward the second porous portion 20, which can usually be done in various ways, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6
  • the convex arc surface / concave arc surface / plane can be performed in the method.
  • the first porous portion 10 can also be segmented, and the form of the segmented design is shown in the figure. It includes two parts, which are the first oil guide section 11 and the second oil guide section 12 which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the porous heating element and toward the second porous portion 20; wherein,
  • the first oil guide segment 11 has a cylindrical shape with a constant outer diameter
  • the second oil guide segment 12 has a gradually decreasing outer diameter along the length direction and toward the second porous portion 20.
  • the first oil guide segment 11 can be used as a protruding part at both ends to facilitate assembly with other components
  • the second oil guide segment 12 can be used as a transition shape to promote the infiltration of smoke oil. .
  • the surface of the second oil guide section 12 has a shape inclined toward the second porous portion 20, which can usually be carried out in various ways, such as the convex arc surface in FIGS. It can be done by concave arc / plane or combination.
  • porous body of the present invention can adopt porous materials such as porous ceramics, porous glass ceramics, porous glass, foamed metal, etc., such as hard capillary structures such as honeycomb ceramics made of alumina, silicon carbide, or diatomaceous earth. production.
  • porous materials such as porous ceramics, porous glass ceramics, porous glass, foamed metal, etc., such as hard capillary structures such as honeycomb ceramics made of alumina, silicon carbide, or diatomaceous earth. production.
  • the third porous portion 30 is present corresponding to the first porous portion 10, so the structure and shape of the above third porous portion 30 such as transitional inclination / segmentation are the same as those of the first porous portion 10
  • the third porous portion 30 can also be carried out in a similar manner to the first porous portion 10 described above; details are not repeated here.
  • the above porous body and heating element can be obtained separately, and then assembled as shown in the figures to form a complete porous heating element; in more implementation scenarios and use, the heating element can also be directly
  • the raw material is formed on the surface of the porous body by sintering.
  • This sintering molding method specifically includes: mixing the raw materials of the heating element (such as nickel metal powder) with a certain amount of sintering aid to configure a mixed slurry; then using a brushing method to mix the mixed slurry according to the desired shape Brushing forms a printed layer on the inner / outer surface of the porous body, and then fires the heating element formed on the porous body.
  • the heating element is a heating circuit provided on the surface of the porous body, and the heating circuit includes and is not limited to a coating of a heating material, a printed circuit of a resistive paste, and the like.
  • the porous body and the heating element are made into an integrated structure, which can prevent the heating element from being deformed or broken to affect the heating performance.
  • the internal burying method shown in FIG. 13 can also be used to install the heating element heating portion 50; by burying the heating portion 50 entirely in the porous body, the smoke atomization does not need to be conducted to This occurs only when the surface of the heating element 50 is in contact, but begins to be atomized by heat in the portion of the porous body near the heating element 50; on the one hand, there is no thermal burning between the heating element 50 and the porous body. On the other hand, most When the smoke oil is atomized, it does not directly contact with the heating part 50, so that the metal pollution caused by the heating element contained in the aerosol can be avoided.
  • the present invention also proposes a porous heating element of another preferred embodiment.
  • the structure of the porous heating element of this preferred embodiment is shown in FIGS. 15 to 17; compared to the structure of the above embodiment, The number of through-holes inside the porous heating element has increased correspondingly, and the corresponding change design of the structure has been combined with the atomization efficiency; the structure of the porous body includes two through the first porous portion 10 and the second The through holes of the hole portion 20 and the third porous portion 30 are the first through hole 40a and the second through hole 40b, respectively.
  • the surface of the whole porous body is divided into four parts, namely the first inner surface n of the first through hole 40a and the first through hole
  • the first inner surface n can be configured as an atomizing surface / oil absorbing surface respectively, and the first outer surface m can be correspondingly configured as an oil absorbing surface / atomizing surface.
  • the heating part 50 is provided on the surface configured as the atomization surface (it can be embedded in the surface or attached to the surface), as shown in FIG. 16
  • the first heat generating portion 50a is provided thereon.
  • the two corresponding surfaces k and j of the second through hole 40b may be correspondingly made one of them for oil absorption and the other for atomization, and the second heat generating portion 50b corresponding to the atomization surface may be installed.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 are preferably designed when the number of through holes is two; in other variant implementations, when the volume of the porous body is sufficient, the through The number of holes is 3/4 or more, and the heating part is installed correspondingly, so that the porous heating body has faster oil conduction and atomization efficiency.
  • the atomizing surface / heating surface in FIG. 16 can also be reversely configured such that the first outer surface m and the second outer surface j are atomizing surfaces, and the first inner surface n and the second inner surface k are oil-absorbing surfaces.
  • the first heat generating portion 50a / the second heat generating portion 50b should be adjusted to be provided near the first outer surface m / the second outer surface j, respectively.
  • the specific installation method of the heat generating part 50 attached to the outer surface can be performed by attaching the surface similar to that in FIGS. 7 and 8 or by embedding the surface (the technician can easily understand and implement it, so there is no detailed drawing description) .
  • the first heating portion 50a and the second heating portion 50b and the porous body may be formed on the porous body by sintering, printing, coating, etching, etc. as described above.
  • a porous body is further provided with a flue gas mixing chamber 41 communicating with the first through hole 40a and the second through hole 40b at the same time.
  • the smoke aerosol generated in the first through hole 40a and the second through hole 40b respectively In the transmission direction, it will be collected and mixed in the flue gas mixing chamber 41, and then output from the flue gas mixing chamber 41 to the flue gas pipeline of the atomizer.
  • the flue gas mixing chamber 41 can realize two or more extended functions.
  • the flue gas mixing function of the flue gas mixing chamber 41 can be further used to adjust the taste of flue gas. Specifically, it may be performed by setting different heat generation temperatures for the first heat generating portion 50a and the second heat generating portion 50b, for example, setting the heat generating temperature of the first heat generating portion 50a to be lower than the second heat generating portion 50b.
  • the components of the smoke oil are nicotine, mainly vegetable glycerin, propylene glycol, and fragrance
  • the boiling point of the vegetable glycerin is high, and the propylene glycol is centered
  • the flavor of the smoke component generated in the first through hole 40a will be heavier than the smoke generated in the second through hole 40b, while the vegetable glycerin component will be heavier than the second through hole 40b less; then through different heating power can make the mixed aerosol taste, produce different taste from the smoke generated in the respective through holes.
  • the end user can smoke more different flavors of smoke.
  • the shape design of the outer surface of the porous body is illustrated by taking the first through hole 40a / the second through hole 40b in FIG. 15 using the round hole method as an example; it will correspond to the first through hole 40a
  • the shape of the first outer surface m and the second outer surface j corresponding to the second through hole 40b is a longitudinal arc surface provided coaxially with the through hole.
  • the purpose is to make the distance from the first outer surface m to the first inner surface n equal in the radial direction of the first through hole 40a; and in the radial direction of the second through hole 40b, the second outer
  • the distance between the surface j and the second inner surface k is the same; adopting the shape design of the outer surface of the porous body makes the oil conduction rate in each through hole uniform and stable.
  • a groove 22 is formed at the junction of the first outer surface m and the second outer surface j, the groove 22 is beneficial to the first through hole 40a and the second through hole 40b
  • the oil is conducted between the parts f to compensate for the lack of slow oil conduction when the thickness of the part f between the first through hole 40a and the second through hole 40b is greater than the side e.
  • first through holes 40a / second through holes 40b are round holes
  • the first through holes 40a / second through holes 40b can also be performed using the square holes in the embodiment of FIG.
  • Figures 17 and 18 For the design of the shape of the porous body, see Figures 17 and 18; then in this case, when the inner wall of the through hole is configured as the atomizing surface and the heating part is installed, in order to ensure the conduction of the smoke oil on each atomizing surface, the corresponding This is explained in two ways in Fig. 17 and Fig. 18. specific,
  • the first through hole 40a having a square shape in the porous body will form four inner wall surfaces.
  • the third heating portion 50c and the fourth heating portion 50d of the second through hole 40b in FIG. 18 are respectively located on a pair of inner wall surfaces L5 and L6.
  • the inner wall surface L6 can be parallel to the outer surface L8 of the porous body, so When the inner wall surface L6 is configured as an atomizing surface, the outer surface L8 is an oil absorption surface, which is good for smoke oil conduction; while the inner wall surface L5 does not have a porous outer surface capable of relatively good oil conduction; a third channel can be further provided on the porous body
  • the hole 40c, the third through hole 40c exists only for oil absorption, so that the inner wall surface L5 of the second through hole 40b has an inner wall L7 opposite to the third through hole 40c for configuring the inner wall surface L5 as an atomizing surface Corresponding to the oil absorption surface.
  • the transmission distance of the smoke oil from the oil absorption surface to the atomization surface is uniform and the same, thereby ensuring that the oil conduction rate is uniform and stable
  • the heat generating portions in the above embodiments may each be equipped with electrode pins. It is composed of independent heating elements; each of the above heating parts can also belong to the same heating element, and a set of pins are finally shared by parallel / series connection for power supply during installation.
  • the above structural design enables the second porous portion 20 to have a smoke oil working surface corresponding to the inner side wall of the first through hole 40a / the second through hole 40b (that is, one of the above is used for smoke oil atomization or smoke oil contact One; through the description of the third through hole 40c above, the working surface of the smoke oil is not necessarily limited to the surface formed by the second porous portion 20), and the inner wall of the first through hole 40a / second through hole 40b and
  • the corresponding distances of the working surfaces of the cigarette oil in the respective radial directions are the same, so that when they are respectively configured as one of the atomizing surface and the oil absorption surface, they can have uniform and good transmission of the cigarette oil and the efficiency of stabilizing the smoke.
  • the structure of the second porous portion 20 may not be provided with the above third through hole 40c, then based on the use requirement of high oil-conducting smoke emission rate, the heating portion may be provided on the inner wall surface other than the inner wall surface L5 ; Or without the requirement of high oil smoke emission rate, when the second porous portion 20 does not have the structure of the above third through hole 40c, the smoke oil atomized on the inner wall surface L5 is separated from the second porous portion 20 The conduction at other relatively distant locations is slightly lower than the efficiency of oil-conducting smoke.
  • the second porous portion 20 is still formed and communicated with the surface or the added structure
  • the inner wall of the hole corresponds to the working surface of the smoke oil with the same interval, and then one of them is configured as the atomizing surface / oil absorbing surface for use to ensure that the oil conduction rate is uniform and stable, and the porous heating body emits smoke well.
  • the middle portion has a relatively shorter smoke oil conduction distance, which is beneficial to improve the oil conductivity of the smoke oil during atomization.
  • the protruding parts at both ends can play the role of oil storage to supplement the smoke oil consumption in the middle part, thereby improving the efficiency of smoke oil replenishment during atomization; on the other hand, it is easy to fix and seal the connection with other components; External heat dissipation.
  • the present invention further provides an atomizer product including the above porous heating element.
  • the structure of the atomizer is exemplified by taking the electronic flat cigarette as an example. For an example structure, refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 19.
  • the atomizer structure shown in FIG. 19 includes a hollow outer shell 100, and the outer shell 100 can be designed into a regular geometric cylindrical shape (such as a cylinder, a cylinder, etc.) according to the shape requirements of different products, or as The thickness dimension shown in the embodiment of FIG. 19 is smaller than the width dimension of the flat shape.
  • the lower end of the hollow outer shell 100 is open, and the opening is used for filling smoke oil and facilitating the installation of the necessary atomization structure inside the hollow outer shell 100, such as the above-mentioned porous heating body 400, seal, base, electrode terminal, etc.
  • the inside of the outer casing 100 has a flue gas transmission tube 110 arranged along the axial direction for conveying the atomized flue gas aerosol; therefore based on the usual design of electronic cigarette products, the upper port of the flue gas transmission tube 110 is used as a suction for smoking
  • the mouth and the lower end are connected with the atomizing component, so as to realize the transportation of the smoke oil gas sol produced by the atomizing component to the smoker for smoking.
  • the hollow portion between the outer side wall of the flue gas transfer tube 110 and the inner side wall of the housing 100 forms an oil storage cavity 120 for storing smoke oil.
  • the porous heating element 400 is installed at the lower end of the flue gas transmission tube 110.
  • the porous heating element 400 adopts the dumbbell-shaped design with through holes shown in the embodiment of FIG. 12 above, and the heating element is installed inside;
  • the heating element has a heating portion 500 extending in the axial direction.
  • the porous heating element 400 and the flue gas transmission tube 110 are arranged coaxially during installation to ensure a smooth connection between the middle through hole and the flue gas transmission tube 110.
  • the heating element also has conductive pins 800 respectively provided at both ends of the heating part 500, and two electrode terminals are installed on the plastic end cover 900 810, the conductive pin 800 is correspondingly welded or contact-connected with the two electrode terminals 810, so that after the atomizer is matched with the power component, the electrode terminal 810 is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power component to supply power to the heating part 500.
  • a silicone seat 700 is provided at the lower end of the oil storage chamber 120 in the axial direction.
  • the silicone seat 700 is used to seal the lower end of the oil storage chamber 120 to prevent the leakage of smoke oil.
  • the lower end of the hollow outer shell 100 is further provided with a plastic end cap 900 which is matched with the open end of the outer shell 100, for sealing the lower end of the hollow outer shell 100, the shape and connection of the plastic end cap 900, technology
  • the personnel can design and adopt various changes according to the purpose of the cover.
  • a stainless steel shell 910 can also be provided at the lower end of the hollow shell 100 to cover the lower end and part of the outer surface of the outer shell 100, on the one hand, to strengthen the stable assembly of internal components, and on the other hand, the metallic color effect makes the product shape more Beauty.
  • the atomizer in the embodiment of the present invention is directed to the shape of the dumbbell-shaped porous heating element 400 above
  • a silicone connector 600 and a silicone seat 700 are used together.
  • the porous heating element of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is taken as an example for description of fixing and assembling.
  • the silicone connector 600 is used to connect the flue gas transmission tube 110 and the porous heating element 400. Since the porous heating element 400 is dumbbell-shaped, it includes a first porous portion 10 and a second porous portion coaxially arranged in the above longitudinal direction 20, and the third porous portion 30; and, the outer diameters of the first porous portion 10 and the third porous portion 30 are larger than the second porous portion 20.
  • a first accommodating portion 710 for accommodating the third porous portion 30 is provided on the silicone seat 700;
  • the connecting member 600 is provided with a second accommodating portion 620 for accommodating the first porous portion 10.
  • the third porous portion 30 has a transitional outer surface whose outer diameter gradually decreases, the shape of the first accommodating portion 710 can be adapted to the third porous portion 30, then due to the shape adaptation, it can be A snap connection is formed with the third porous portion 30; and for the second accommodating portion 620, a shape-fitting design with the first porous portion 10 may also be adopted, and the first porous portion 10 may be snapped and connected.
  • the manner of accommodating the engagement is obvious from the sectional view of FIG. 19.
  • both the silicone connector 600 and the silicone seat 700 are made of flexible silicone material, which is also very convenient for assembly.
  • the silicone connector 600 is further provided with a connecting portion 610 connected to the flue gas transmission tube 110.
  • the 610 is shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 19 and 20, and a slot adapted to the shape of the flue gas transmission tube 110 is used. Design; when connecting and assembling, the lower end of the flue gas transmission tube 110 is inserted into the slot to stabilize the interference fit and form a sealed connection.
  • the connecting portion 610 can also be connected by commonly used tubular structures such as hooks, tube clips, pins, etc. Of course, these structural technicians are very easy to obtain. No more detailed enumeration.
  • the silicone connector 600 and the silicone seat 700 corresponding to the protruding shapes of the two ends of the porous heating body 400 they can be respectively designed and connected to the receiving portion of the assembly, so that the fixed assembly of the porous heating body 400 can be achieved; after assembly Better sealing effect.
  • a flue gas through hole is also required to be formed on the silicone connector 600.
  • the axial through-hole 40 of 400 is connected; an intake through-hole is provided in the silicone seat 700 according to the existing usual way to ensure that outside air can enter and realize smooth circulation of the air flow in the atomizer.
  • the silicone base 700 serves as a fixing base for the porous heating element 400, and needs to be fixed by itself.
  • the plastic end cap 900 can be used to directly compress / and the inner wall of the outer shell 100 abuts and fixes; or when used in other types of atomizers
  • the plastic end cap 900 is integrated with the outer shell 100, it can be considered that the outer shell 100 as a whole has a contact portion for contacting / installing the silicone seat 700, and then the silicone seat 700 is fixed by contacting the contact portion can.
  • the outer surface of the porous heating element 400 in the atomizer may be covered with a layer of fiber cotton / non-woven fabric to prevent the porous heating element made of ceramics and other materials from soaking the smoke oil for a long time to fall off the powder and doping the atomization
  • the generated aerosol affects the mouthfeel of smoking.
  • the deformed porous heating element with multiple through holes shown in FIGS. 15 to 18 can also be assembled according to the above structure.
  • connection and assembly parts with silicone material are added to perform corresponding connection and assembly to achieve convenient installation and sealing; at the same time, the porous heating
  • the dumbbell-like shape of the body, this structure is conducive to enhancing the oil conductivity of the middle part. After the heating element is installed at this part, the smoke output and smoke efficiency can be enhanced.
  • the present invention further proposes a porous body for preparing a higher smoke oil conduction and smoke output efficiency.
  • the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • the raw materials are obtained according to the following components of each mass percentage: diatomaceous earth 50% -75%, alumina 0% -10%, pore-forming agent 15% -35%, clay 5% -10%, glass frit 5%- 15%;
  • step S30 pressing the raw wax block obtained in step S20 according to the final desired product shape to obtain a green embryo
  • the green embryo is first incubated at 200 to 500 ° C for 4 to 10 hours, and then sintered at 700 to 1200 ° C for 2 to 4 hours to obtain a porous body.
  • step S10 uses the specifically matched and selected components as the original porous body, diatomaceous earth as the ceramic main material, and the pore-forming agent is used to form pores during the sintering process; it is adjusted with glass powder and alumina And change the rigidity, hardness and other properties, and finally form a more suitable porous body.
  • the pore-forming agent is selected from at least one of sucrose, starch, wood fiber, and short carbon fiber; these starch, sucrose, wood fiber, and short carbon fiber, which are large-diameter complex organic or inorganic substances, can be used as the pore-forming agent.
  • the glass frit uses high-temperature glass frit (melting point 800-1300 ° C) instead of low-temperature glass frit (melting point 320-600 ° C).
  • step S20 paraffin wax is used as a forming binder medium, and each raw material is mixed and bonded with paraffin wax to form a raw material wax block, and then subsequent sintering is carried out; and in the implementation of step S20, the materials of step S10 may be mixed first Into a mixture, and then melt the paraffin wax into a liquid state at 80 ° C, pour the mixed powder and cool while stirring, so that the mixed powder is evenly wrapped with the paraffin to make a raw wax block.
  • Step S30 further press-molds the raw wax blocks to form the final shape of the final product; the process of press-molding can be carried out using a molding machine equipment, and the raw wax blocks are converted into wax cakes at 70-85 ° C and a pressure of 0.4-1 MPa during implementation. After the slurry is injected into the mold, a porous body molding green body of a desired shape is obtained.
  • the firing process in the final step S40 is divided into two steps. First, degrease at 200 ⁇ 500 °C to remove the paraffin binder in the green body, and then adjust the temperature to 700 ⁇ 1200 °C to sinter to obtain the desired shape. , Pores and pores.
  • step S20 it includes:
  • S11 the diatomaceous earth, alumina, pore-forming agent, clay, and glass powder are poured into the planetary ball mill in the wet ball mill according to the above ratio for 5 hours.
  • the ball milling medium uses deionized water or anhydrous ethanol. The ball mill makes the material more It is uniform, and finally a uniform mixed powder is obtained.
  • step S11 pour the raw materials of step S10 into a planetary ball mill for wet ball milling for 5 hours.
  • the ball milling medium is deionized water to obtain a uniform mixed powder;
  • step S20 Melt an appropriate amount of paraffin wax into a liquid state at 80 ° C, pour into step S11 to mix the powder, and cool while stirring to make the mixed powder and paraffin wax evenly wrapped to make a raw wax cake;
  • the shaped green body is first kept at 200 ° C for 10 hours, and then sintered at 700 ° C for 4 hours to obtain a sintered porous body.
  • step S11 pour the raw materials of step S10 into a planetary ball mill for 4h wet ball milling.
  • the ball milling medium is anhydrous ethanol to obtain a uniform mixed powder;
  • step S20 Melt an appropriate amount of paraffin wax into a liquid state at 80 ° C, pour into step S11 to mix the powder, and cool while stirring to make the mixed powder and paraffin wax evenly wrapped to make a raw wax cake;
  • the raw wax cake is poured into the molding machine, the temperature is controlled at 85 ° C, and the pressure is 1 MPa, and the wax cake slurry is injected into the mold corresponding to the porous body of the embodiment of FIG. 1 to obtain a molded green body;
  • the shaped green body is first kept at 500 ° C for 4 hours, and then sintered at 1200 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a sintered porous body.
  • step S11 pour the raw materials of step S10 into a planetary ball mill for 4h wet ball milling.
  • the ball milling medium is anhydrous ethanol to obtain a uniform mixed powder;
  • step S20 Melt an appropriate amount of paraffin wax into a liquid state at 80 ° C, pour into step S11 to mix the powder, and cool while stirring to make the mixed powder and paraffin wax evenly wrapped to make a raw wax cake;
  • the raw wax cake is poured into the molding machine, the temperature is controlled at 80 ° C., and the pressure is 0.8 MPa, and the wax cake slurry is injected into the mold corresponding to the porous body of the embodiment of FIG. 1 to obtain a molded green body;
  • the shaped green body is first kept at 300 ° C for 6 hours, and then sintered at 1000 ° C for 3 hours to obtain a sintered porous body.
  • the porosity of the porous bodies prepared in the examples of the present invention can basically reach 70%, which is 30-60% compared to that of ordinary ceramic rods;
  • the porous body of Example 4 and the conventional ceramic rod were respectively analyzed by microscope, and the result was magnified 200 times. See FIG. 22.
  • the left half is the porous body of Example 4 and the right half is the ordinary ceramic rod on the market.
  • Example 4 has a pore size of 64.52 ⁇ m and a microscopic analysis result of the ordinary ceramic rod with a pore size of 46.49 ⁇ m.
  • the porous body prepared by the present invention is reflected in that the electronic cigarette emits smoke easily and quickly, and the amount of smoke is relatively large.

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Abstract

一种多孔发热体及采用该多孔发热体的雾化器，该多孔发热体包括多孔体；多孔体包括沿长度方向依次设置的第一多孔部（10）、第二多孔部（20）和第三多孔部（30）；且沿宽度方向上，第一多孔部（10）和第三多孔部（30）的截面面积均大于第二多孔部（20）；多孔体上设有沿长度方向延伸的发热元件，该发热元件具有发热部（50）；发热部（50）延伸长度的至少一部分与第二多孔部（20）的延伸长度相重叠。该多孔发热体，通过将多孔体采用中间细小、两端粗大的哑铃状形状，中间部分相对具有更短的烟油传导距离，有利于提升烟油雾化时的导油性。两端突出部位一方面能起到储油的效果补充中间部分的烟油消耗，从而雾化时提升烟油补充效率；另一方面便于与其他部件进行固定和密封衔接；同时还能减少热量朝外散热。

Description

多孔发热体、包含多孔发热体的雾化器
本发明要求于2018年11月15日提交中国专利局，申请号为201811357024.7，发明名称为“多孔发热体、包含多孔发热体的雾化器及多孔体制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及电子烟技术领域，尤其涉及一种多孔发热体、包含多孔发热体的雾化器。
背景技术
电子烟产品的核心部件为对电子烟油进行蒸发胶的雾化器，雾化器的功能实现主要是基于一多孔体、以及一发热元件组成。其中，多孔体是一个自身内部具有毛细微孔的部件，可以通过内部的微孔进行烟油的浸润吸收和传导；而发热元件具有用于发热的发热部分、以及导电引脚部分，发热部分用于对多孔体传导来的烟油进行加热蒸发，形成供吸食的烟油气溶胶。
目前，多孔体的通常有多孔纤维、多孔陶瓷、发泡金属等等；这些刚性结构的多孔体，在使用中通常采用空心柱状/或者是方块状设计，发热件嵌在陶瓷体内部，然后整体安装在固定尺寸的雾化器外壳套内。
以上形状和结构的多孔体，一方面在多孔体内外径恒定前提下，空心柱状结构浸润导油速度相对慢，容易导油不足，引起香精香料分解，导致口感体验中还原度不够，或者发热丝干烧产生糊味；而且外径恒定的柱形，不便于设置与雾化器外壳套固定和连接的结构部件，不便于实现稳定的装配和密封。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的多孔导油体导油和装配的问题，本发明实施例提供一种导油性更好、且便于装配和密封的多孔发热体。
本发明实施例提供的多孔发热体，多孔发热体，包括用于传导液体的多孔体，所述多孔体包括沿该多孔体的长度方向依次设置的第一多孔部、第二多孔部和第三多孔部；且沿所述多孔体的宽度方向上，所述第一多孔部和第三多孔部的截面面积均大于第二多孔部；
所述多孔体上设有沿多孔体长度方向延伸的发热元件，该发热元件具有用于雾化液体以生成气溶胶的发热部；所述发热部沿多孔体长度方向上的延伸长度的至少一部分与所述第二多孔部的延伸长度相重叠。
优选地，所述第一多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
和/或，
所述第二多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
和/或，
所述第三多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积恒定。
优选地，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第一多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
优选地，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第一多孔部包括依次设置的第一导油段和第二导油段；其中，
所述第一导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第二导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
优选地，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第三多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
优选地，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第三多孔部包括依次设置的第三导油段和第四导油段；其中，
所述第三导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第四导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
在以上多孔发热体的基础上，本发明进一步还提出包含上述多孔发热体的雾化器产品；具体雾化器，包括中空外壳体，该外壳体内具有用于存储烟油的储油腔；所述外壳体内还设置有用于从储油腔吸取烟油、 并对烟油进行雾化的多孔发热体；所述多孔发热体为以上所述的多孔发热体。
优选地，所述多孔体上还设置有至少一个沿该多孔体的长度方向依次贯穿所述第一多孔部、第二多孔部和第三多孔部的通孔。
优选地，所述多孔体上还设置有至少一个沿该多孔体的长度方向依次贯穿所述第一多孔部、第二多孔部和第三多孔部的通孔。
优选地，所述通孔内壁包括第一烟油工作面；且沿所述通孔的径向方向，所述第二多孔部具有与第一烟油工作面相对应的第二烟油工作面；
且当所述通孔的数量为两个以上时，沿所述通孔的径向方向，所述第一烟油工作面与第二烟油工作面的间距相同。
优选地，所述通孔用于导出气溶胶；所述第一烟油工作面被配置为雾化烟油的雾化面，所述发热元件的发热部设于该雾化面上；所述第二烟油工作面被配置为与烟油接触的液体接触面。
优选地，所述通孔内壁具有两个相对的雾化面，两个雾化面上对应设置有第一发热部和第二发热部，所述第一发热部和第二发热部以并联或串联的方式连接。
优选地，所述通孔与所述储油腔相连通，所述第一烟油工作面被配置为与烟油接触的液体接触面，所述第二烟油工作面被配置为雾化烟油的雾化面，所述发热部设于该雾化面上。
优选地，所述烟油经液体接触面传导至对应雾化面的最短传导距离，小于所述通孔内壁沿该通孔的径向方向与第一多孔部或第三多孔部外表之间的距离。
优选地，所述通孔包括沿该多孔体的长度方向依次贯穿所述第一多孔部、第二多孔部和第三多孔部的第一通孔和第二通孔；
所述发热元件包括设于所述第一通孔的雾化面的第一发热部、以及设于所述第二通孔的雾化面的第二发热部；且所述第一发热部与第二发热部被配置为具有不同的发热温度。
优选地，所述外壳体内设有用于将多孔发热体雾化生成的烟油气溶胶输出至雾化器外的烟气传输管、用于固定所述多孔发热体的固定座、 以及用于连接所述多孔发热体和烟气传输管的连接件；其中，
所述固定座上设有与第一多孔部适配的第一容纳部；
所述连接件具有与第三多孔部适配的第二容纳部、以及与所述烟气传输管连接的连接部；
所述多孔发热体通过第一多孔部和第一容纳部的配合与固定座连接、及通过第三多孔部和第二容纳部的配合与连接件连接。
采用本发明的以上多孔发热体，通过将多孔体采用中间细小、两端粗大的哑铃状形状，中间部分相对具有更短的烟油传导距离，烟油传导的更加快捷，有利于提升烟油雾化时的导油性。两端突出部位一方面能起到储油的效果补充中间部分的烟油消耗，从而雾化时提升烟油补充效率；另一方面便于与其他部件进行固定和密封衔接；同时还能减少热量向两端与多孔发热体连接的部件传导。
基于多孔体更高导油效率的立意，本发明还提出一种高出烟量和出烟效率的多孔体制备方法及按照该方法制备获得的多孔体产品，方法包括如下步骤：
按照各质量百分数的如下成分获取原料：硅藻土50％～75％、氧化铝0％～10％、造孔剂15％～35％、粘土5％～10％、玻璃粉5％～15％；
将所述原料与石蜡混合均匀后制成原料蜡块；
将所述原料蜡块按照所需形状压制成型，获得生胚；
将所述生胚先于200～500℃下保温4～10h、再于700～1200℃下烧结2～4h，得到多孔体。
优选地，所述造孔剂选自蔗糖、淀粉、木纤维及短碳纤维中的至少一种。
优选地，将所述原料与石蜡混合均匀后制成原料蜡块步骤之前，还包括：
将所述原料于去离子水或无水乙醇介质下进行湿法球磨处理。
优选地，将所述原料蜡块按照所需形状压制成型步骤中，
所述压制成型于温度70～85℃、压力0.4～1MPa条件下进行。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本发明一较佳实施例提供的多孔发热体的立体结构示意图；
图2是另一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图3是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的立体结构示意图；
图4是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图5是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图6是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图7是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图8是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图9是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图10是图1实施例的多孔发热体沿长度方向的剖面示意图；
图11是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图12是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图13是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的长度方向剖面示意图；
图14是图12所示的多孔发热体在雾化器储油腔内的一安装示意图；
图15是另一较佳实施例提供的多孔发热体的立体结构示意图；
图16是图15实施例的多孔发热体沿长度方向的剖面示意图；
图17是又一实施例提供的多孔发热体的结构示意图；
图18是图17实施例的第二多孔部安装发热部的结构示意图；
图19是本发明一实施例提供的雾化器的轴向剖面示意图；
图20是图19的雾化器中多孔发热体装配结构的各部件分解示意图；
图21是图20中硅胶连接件另一视角下的结构示意图；
图22是一实施例制备的多孔体与常规陶瓷棒断面扫描电镜分析图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本发明进行更详细的说明。
本发明实施例的多孔发热体，主要适用于电子烟产品的雾化器，当然基于相同的导油雾化功能，也可以扩展用于液态的药物成分挥发装置或其它芳香成分释放装置中，在本发明的以下实施例中以电子烟为例进行讲述。
本发明多孔发热体一实施例的外形立体图结构可以参见图1所示，整体的形状大体呈哑铃形形状。具体实施中在图1形状的基础上可以以进行各种类似变化，整体的形状设计结构原理可以参见图2所示进行说明。多孔发热体包括一个纵长延伸的圆筒状的多孔体，以及与该多孔体接触的发热元件，多孔体内部具有微孔结构，用来渗透传导烟油以提供给发热元件，发热元件用来加热烟油生成气溶胶；其中，多孔体包括沿长度方向依次同轴设置的第一多孔部10、第二多孔部20、以及第三多孔部30；并且，
沿宽度方向上，第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30的外径均大于第二多孔部20。
以上结构的多孔体，在沿长度方向上分成三个部分，依次为以上所述的第一多孔部10、第二多孔部20和第三多孔部30，并且宽度方向上使第二多孔部20的外径小于第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30，从而在多孔体的表面上形成一与第二多孔部20相对的凹腔21，使得整体大体为哑铃形形状。发热元件可以通过烧结、印刷、涂覆、蚀刻等方式形成于该多孔体上，也可以是作为一个独立的部件装配于多孔体上。发热元件的结构包括两个部分，分别是用于进行发热的发热部50，以及用于通过将发热部50与电源电极连接，实现为发热部导电的电极引脚(或者称导电连接部，图1至图14实施例的发热元件中未示出电极引脚，图15和图16有示出)。发热部50沿多孔体的长度方向延伸，并且该发热部50设于与第二多孔部20相对应的位置上，即发热部50沿多孔体长度方向的延伸长度的至少一部分与第二多孔部20的延伸长度相重叠，从而提升导油效率和出烟量。发热部50和多孔体的具体结合方式可以是如 图7和图8实施例所示，发热部50的卷绕于第二多孔部20的外表面，或者类似图2所示，发热部50附着于第二多孔部20的内表面。
参见图14所示，将多孔发热体安装于雾化器的储油腔C内时，以上多孔发热体助于提升导油性和雾化效率在于，上述第二多孔部20宽度方向上的内外表面分别作为吸油面a和雾化面b，即将第二多孔部20外表面定义成与烟油接触的吸油面a，将通孔内壁表面定义成雾化面b，发热部50位于雾化面b上，吸油面a和雾化面b之间在宽度方向上的烟油最短传输距离d小于第一多孔部10或第三多孔部30外表面与通孔内壁表面之间的烟油传输距离D，因此相比两端的第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30，与发热部50位置相对应的第二多孔部20的烟油的传导效率更高。而两端的第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30形成两端突出的形状，一方面能起到储油的效果补充中间部分的烟油消耗，从而雾化时提升烟油补充效率；另一方面可以便于采用图14所示的分别用两个固定连接部件A和B连接，便于在雾化器内部进行固定和密封衔接；同时第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30的体积比第二多孔部20更大，发热部50产生的热量向多孔体两端的传导可被第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30自身吸收，能减少热量沿长度方向从第二多孔部20向两端传递给上述固定连接部件A和B。
进一步图中所示的多孔体，发热部50可以采用发热线圈/片状发热网/筒状发热管等，安装时沿着多孔体的长度方向延伸的方式安装在多孔体上，并让发热元件的发热部50在宽度方向上与第二多孔部20相对，即保证使发热部50与第二多孔部20在长度方向的至少一部分与第二多孔部20的延伸长度相重叠，从而具有更好的烟油雾化效率。
当然，基于通常形状规格的产品构造和功能要求，第二多孔部20为柱状形状，优选为圆柱状/方柱状等；第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30也可与之相对应进行调整。比如图3实施例中，第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30方柱状形状设计，并且内部通孔40对应。通孔40内壁具有两个相对的雾化面，两个雾化面上对应设置有第一发热部50a和第二发热部50b，第一发热部50a和第二发热部50b以并联或串联的方式连接 电源组件。
进一步，基于多孔发热体使用时需要能适用于内部雾化的需求，因此进一步在除图7外的实施方式中，多孔体均具有沿长度方向依次贯穿第一多孔部10、第二多孔部20和第三多孔部30的通孔40；该通孔40的作用和目的，一方面是能够提供安装螺旋发热圈/筒状发热网/发热丝等发热部50的空间，另一方面该通孔40能作为烟油气溶胶的传输通道，使内部雾化生成的烟油气溶胶传输至雾化器烟气通道。
进一步，基于更好的使用和装配效果，在本发明图4至图6实施例的多孔体中，沿长度方向、且朝第二多孔部20的方向上，第一多孔部10沿宽度方向的外径逐渐减小。通过将第一多孔部10设计成外径逐渐减小，朝第二多孔部20过渡的形状设计，过渡的形状更加利于烟油从两端向中间的浸润和传导效率，有利于提升出烟量和出烟效率。在以上第一多孔部10过渡型的设计时，第一多孔部10的表面会呈现朝第二多孔部20倾斜的形状，通常则可以采用多种方式进行，如图4至图6中的凸弧面/凹弧面/平面等方式进行均可。
同时，为了便于后续能被顺畅与外壳体内的硅胶座等紧密装配，进一步参见图6至图13，第一多孔部10还可以进行分段设计，分段设计的形式如图中所示，包括有两部分，分别为沿着多孔发热体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部20的方向上，依次设置的第一导油段11和第二导油段12；其中，
第一导油段11为外径恒定的柱状形状，而第二导油段12沿长度方向、且朝第二多孔部20的方向上，外径逐渐减小。那么最终这一分段的形状设计，则可以利用第一导油段11作为两端突出的部分便于与其他部件的装配，而第二导油段12作为过渡形状，促进提升烟油的浸润传导。
当然，在以上过渡型的设计时，第二导油段12的表面呈现朝第二多孔部20倾斜的形状，通常则可以采用多种方式进行，如图6至13中的凸弧面/凹弧面/平面，或者组合等方式进行均可。
进一步，本发明以上多孔体可以采用多孔陶瓷、多孔玻璃陶瓷、多 孔玻璃、发泡金属等多孔材质，例如由氧化铝、碳化硅或硅藻土等材质做成的蜂窝式陶瓷等硬质毛细结构制成。
从以上结构可以看出第三多孔部30是与第一多孔部10相对应的存在，因此以上第三多孔部30的过渡倾斜/分段等结构和形状与第一多孔部10相对应设计，第三多孔部30也可以采用与以上所描述的第一多孔部10的类似进行；在此不再重复赘述。
同时，以上多孔体与发热元件两者可以采用分别获取之后，再按照各图中所示进行装配结合组成完整的多孔发热体；而在更多的实施场景和使用中，还可以直接将发热元件的原材料采用烧结成型于多孔体的表面上。这种烧结成型的方式具体包括：将发热元件的原材料(比如镍金属粉)与一定量的烧结助剂混合配置成混合浆料；然后采用涂刷的方式按照所需的形状，将混合浆料涂刷在多孔体内/外表面形成印刷层，然后进行烧制即形成在多孔体上的发热元件。或者，发热元件为设于多孔体表面上的发热线路，发热线路包括且不限定于发热材料涂层、电阻浆料印刷线路等形式。将多孔体与发热元件制作为一体结构，可防止发热元件变形或断裂而影响发热性能。
而且，在以上表面设置的方式之外，还可采用如图13所示的内部埋设方式进行发热元件发热部50的安装；通过将发热部50全部埋设于多孔体内，烟油雾化不用传导至发热部50表面接触时才进行，而是在多孔体内靠近发热部50的部位即开始受热雾化；一方面使在发热部50与多孔体存在导热接触不会产生干烧，另一方面大多数的烟油雾化时不与发热部50直接接触，能避免使气溶胶中含有发热元件产生的金属污染。
在以上相同思路的基础上，本发明还提出又一较佳实施例的多孔发热体，该较佳实施例的多孔发热体结构参见图15至图17所示；相比以上实施例的结构，该多孔发热体内部的通孔数量有相应的增加，并结合雾化效率进行了结构的相应变化设计；多孔体结构上包括有两个沿长度方向依次贯穿第一多孔部10、第二多孔部20以及第三多孔部30的通孔，分别为第一通孔40a、以及第二通孔40b。
参见图15，由于第一通孔40a、以及第二通孔40b的结构设置，将整体多孔体的表面分成四个部分，分别为第一通孔40a的第一内表面n、与第一通孔40a相对应的第一外表面m，以及第二通孔40b的第二内表面k、与第二通孔40b相对应的第二外表面j。
对于第一通孔40a的两个对应表面m和n，则可以分别根据需要将第一内表面n配置成雾化面/吸油面，对应将第一外表面m配置为吸油面/雾化面，使其中一个用于吸油、另一个用于雾化；同时，在被配置为雾化面的表面设置发热部50(可以是嵌入表面内、或者附在表面上均可)，比如图16中所示的当第一内表面n为雾化面时，在其上设置的第一发热部50a。另外，第二通孔40b的两个对应表面k和j也可以相应进行分别使其中一个用于吸油、另一个用于雾化，并安装对应于雾化面的第二发热部50b。
当然，需要说明的是图15和图16中实施例是采用通孔数量为两个时进行的优选设计；而在其他的变形实施中，在多孔体的体积足够的情况下，可以相应增加通孔的数量至3个/4个或更多，并对应安装发热部，使多孔发热体具有更快的导油和雾化效率。同时，还可以对图16中的雾化面/发热面进行相反配置，使第一外表面m和第二外表面j为雾化面、第一内表面n和第二内表面k作为吸油面；那么则对应将第一发热部50a/第二发热部50b调整为分别设置于靠近第一外表面m/第二外表面j的位置上即可。具体附着外表面的发热部50的设置方式，可以采用与图7和图8类似的表面附着进行，或者表面埋设内嵌的方式进行(技术人员能容易理解和实施，因此无详细配图说明)。
实施中第一发热部50a和第二发热部50b与多孔体的形成方式，也可以采用以上所描述的烧结、印刷、涂覆、蚀刻等方式使其形成于该多孔体上。
同时，进一步在多孔体上设置有一个与第一通孔40a、以及第二通孔40b同时连通的烟气混合室41，第一通孔40a内和第二通孔40b分别产生的烟油气溶胶，顺着传输方向会在烟气混合室41内汇集混合，然后再由该烟气混合室41输出至雾化器的烟气管道。通过该烟气混合室 41可以实现两个甚至更多的扩展功能，一方面是能够作为烟油气溶胶的混合空间，具有导流和对分散于各个通孔的烟气集中输出的作用；另一方面，通过该烟气混合室41的烟气混合功能，可以进一步用于调整烟气的口味。具体，可以通过对第一发热部50a和第二发热部50b设定不同发热温度进行，比如将第一发热部50a的发热温度设定为低于第二发热部50b。由于烟油(烟油的成分除了尼古丁之外，还有主要是植物甘油、丙二醇和香精)中的香精成分由于沸点低、植物甘油的沸点高、丙二醇居中；在第一发热部50a的发热温度设定低于第二发热部50b时，那么第一通孔40a中产生烟气成分的香精味道会比第二通孔40b中产生的烟气重、而植物甘油成分则会比第二通孔40b少；那么通过不同发热功率则可以使混合后气溶胶口味，产生与各自通孔内生成的烟气不同的口味。进一步，通过对第一发热部50a和第二发热部50b根据不同的电源输出功率的更多变化控制，则可以使最终用户能吸食到更多不同口味的烟气。
进一步对应于多个通孔的结构，多孔体外表面的形状设计以图15中第一通孔40a/第二通孔40b采用圆孔方式为例进行说明；将与第一通孔40a相对应的第一外表面m、与第二通孔40b相对应的第二外表面j的形状为与通孔同轴设置的纵长圆弧面。目的是使沿第一通孔40a的径向方向，第一外表面m上各处到第一内表面n的距离是相等的；以及沿着第二通孔40b的径向方向，第二外表面j上各处与第二内表面k的距离是相等的；采用这一多孔体外表面的形状设计，使得各个通孔内导油速率均匀和稳定。
并且采用以上形状的外表面设计时，在第一外表面m和第二外表面j的接合处会形成一凹槽22，该凹槽22有利于向第一通孔40a和第二通孔40b之间部分f的进行导油，以弥补第一通孔40a和第二通孔40b之间部分f的厚度大于两侧部分e时导油慢的不足。
同时，当在以上第一通孔40a/第二通孔40b采用圆孔基础上，第一通孔40a/第二通孔40b也可以采用图3实施例中的方孔进行，该用方孔的形状设计时多孔体的结构参见图17和图18所示；那么在这一种情形 使通孔内壁配置为雾化面安装发热部时，为了保证各个雾化面上烟油的传导，对应于图17和图18中两种方式进行说明。具体，
多孔体具有方形形状的第一通孔40a会形成四个内壁面，在图18中采用在其中两个侧壁上相对设置沿第一通孔40a的轴向延伸的第一发热部50a和第二发热部50b；第一发热部50a和第二发热部50b所处的一对内壁面L1和内壁面L2，分别能与第二多孔部20的外表面上相对的外表面L3和外表面L4平行相对；则将内壁面L1与外表面L3、内壁面L2与外表面L4分别配置为雾化面/吸油面，则烟油传导的距离是均匀相同的，保证导油速率均匀和稳定。
而从图18中第二通孔40b的第三发热部50c和第四发热部50d分别位于一对内壁面L5和内壁面L6上，内壁面L6能与多孔体的外表面L8平行相对，因此内壁面L6被配置为雾化面时，外表面L8为吸油面，良好进行烟油传导；而内壁面L5不具备能够相对良好导油的多孔体外表面；可以进一步在多孔体上设置第三通孔40c，第三通孔40c仅仅作为用于吸油存在，则使第二通孔40b的内壁面L5具有相对的位于第三通孔40c的内壁L7，用于对内壁面L5配置为雾化面时相应作为吸油面。使各种情形下，烟油从吸油面到雾化面的传导距离均匀相同，从而保证导油速率均匀和稳定，多孔发热体良好出烟。
并且，需要说明的是，以上各实施例中的发热部(如以上第一发热部50a、第二发热部50b、第三发热部50c和第四发热部50d)可以分别各自均安装电极引脚组成各自独立的发热元件；也可以将使以上各发热部同属于一个发热元件，安装时通过并联/串联的方式最终共用一组引脚进行供电。
以上的结构设计使第二多孔部20上具有与第一通孔40a/第二通孔40b的内侧壁相对应的烟油工作面(即以上用于烟油雾化或者烟油接触的其中之一；通过以上第三通孔40c的描述，该烟油工作面不一定限定于由第二多孔部20的表面形成)，并且第一通孔40a/第二通孔40b的内侧壁与对应的烟油工作面沿各自的径向方向的距离相同，从而当分别被配置为雾化面/吸油面中的其中之一时，均能具有均匀良好的烟油传导 和稳定出烟的效率。
当然，第二多孔部20也可以不设置以上第三通孔40c的结构，那么基于高导油出烟率的使用要求，则将发热部设置于内壁面L5之外其他内壁面上即可；或者在无需高导油出烟率的要求下，第二多孔部20不具有以上第三通孔40c的结构时，内壁面L5上雾化的烟油由第二多孔部20上距离相对较远的其他位置传导，相比导油出烟效率略低而已。
在以上基础上，将通孔的形状变形为其他多边形等形状/或者将通孔的数量增加至3个/4个或更多时，第二多孔部20依然利用表面或者添加结构形成与通孔内壁对应间距相同的烟油工作面，然后分别将其中之一配置为雾化面/吸油面进行使用，保证导油速率均匀和稳定，多孔发热体良好出烟。
采用本发明的以上多孔发热体，通过将多孔体改变为哑铃状形状，中间部分相对具有更短的烟油传导距离，有利于提升烟油雾化时的导油性。两端突出部位一方面能起到储油的效果补充中间部分的烟油消耗，从而雾化时提升烟油补充效率；另一方面便于与其他部件进行固定和密封衔接；同时还能减少热量朝外散热。
在以上多孔发热体内容基础上，本发明进一步提出一种包含有以上多孔发热体的雾化器产品。该雾化器的结构以电子扁烟为例进行举例说明，示例的结构可以参见图19所示的实施例。
图19所示的雾化器结构，包括中空外壳体100，外壳体100的外形可以根据不同产品的形状需求，设计成规则的几何筒状形状(比如圆筒、柱筒等等)，或者如图19实施例中所示的厚度尺寸小于宽度尺寸的扁平状。中空外壳体100的下端为敞口，敞口用于加注烟油和便于在中空外壳体100内部安装必要的雾化结构，例如上述多孔发热体400、密封件、底座、电极端子等。
外壳体100内部具有沿轴向方向设置的烟气传输管110，用来输送雾化之后的烟油气溶胶；因此基于电子烟产品的通常设计，烟气传输管110上端口用于作为吸食的吸嘴口，下端与雾化组件衔接，从而实现将 雾化组件产生的烟油气溶胶输送至供吸烟者吸食。同时，烟气传输管110的外侧壁与壳体100的内侧壁之间的中空部分形成用于储存烟油的储油腔120。
从图中可以看出，安装于烟气传输管110下端的多孔发热体400，多孔发热体400采用的是以上图12实施例中所示的具有通孔的哑铃形设计，内部安装发热元件；发热元件具有轴向延伸的发热部500。同时，安装时采用将多孔发热体400与烟气传输管110同轴设置，保证中间的通孔与烟气传输管110衔接更加通畅。同时，为了保证发热部500能后续与电子烟的电源组件连通实现电热，因此发热元件还具有在发热部500的两端分别设置的导电引脚800，塑胶端盖900上安装有两个电极端子810，该导电引脚800对应与两个电极端子810焊接或者接触连接，从而便于在雾化器与电源组件配合后，电极端子810与电源组件的正负极连接，为发热部500供电。
同时，储油腔120沿轴向方向下端设置有一硅胶座700、该硅胶座700用于对储油腔120的下端进行密封，从而防止烟油泄露。
同时，中空外壳体100下端敞口上进一步还设置有与外壳体100敞口端盖合的塑胶端盖900，用于对中空外壳体100下端进行封盖，塑胶端盖900的形状和连接，技术人员可以按照封盖的目的自行进行各种变化设计和采用。同时，在中空外壳体100下端还可以设置一不锈钢外壳910，对外壳体100下端及部分外表面进行封盖，一方面加强内部部件的稳定装配，另一方面金属色的颜色效果使产品外形更加美感。
在以上结构的基础上，通常雾化器产品中多孔发热体400的固定和装配不太便利；基于这一不足，本发明实施例中的雾化器针对以上哑铃形的多孔发热体400的形状特点，配套设计固定和密封安装结构，装配和连接结构参见图19至图20。具体采用一硅胶连接件600配合硅胶座700共同实现。具体，以图12所示的实施例的多孔发热体为例进行固定装配说明。
该硅胶连接件600用于对烟气传输管110和多孔发热体400进行连接，由于多孔发热体400为哑铃形，包括以上长度方向同轴设置的第一 多孔部10、第二多孔部20、以及第三多孔部30；并且，第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30的外径均大于第二多孔部20。
基于两端第一多孔部10和第三多孔部30相比第二多孔部20突出形状，硅胶座700上设置一用于容纳第三多孔部30的第一容纳部710；硅胶连接件600上设置一用于容纳第一多孔部10的第二容纳部620。
进一步，那么由于第三多孔部30具有外径逐渐减小的过渡形外表面的，可以使第一容纳部710的形状与第三多孔部30适配，那么由于形状适配，则可以与第三多孔部30形成卡合连接；而对于第二容纳部620，也可以采用与第一多孔部10形状适配设计，则可以与第一多孔部10卡合连接。容纳卡合的方式，从图19的剖面图可以明显看出。同时，硅胶连接件600和硅胶座700均是柔性硅胶材质，装配时也非常便利。
硅胶连接件600上还进一步设置有与烟气传输管110连接的连接部610，该610在图19和图20实施例中所示，采用的是与烟气传输管110形状适配的插槽设计；连接装配时，使烟气传输管110的下端插入至该插槽内，即可稳定过盈配合，形成密封连接。需要说明的是，该连接部610除了采用以上最简便的插槽设计之外，还可以采用钩扣、管夹、插脚等常用的管状结构连接方式进行，当然这些结构技术人员均非常容易获取，不再详细一一图示列举。
那么通过硅胶连接件600和硅胶座700对应于多孔发热体400的两端突出的形状，分别可以配合设计连接装配的容纳部，从而即可实现对多孔发热体400的固定装配；装配以后还具有比较好的密封效果。
同时，根据进一步需要保证烟气循环的气流通畅的要求，硅胶连接件600上还需要开设烟气流通孔，该烟气流通孔一端与烟气传输管110的下端连通、另一端与多孔发热体400的轴向通孔40连通；硅胶座700上按照现有的通常方式开设进气通孔，保证外部空气能进入，实现雾化器内的气流循环通畅。
同时，硅胶座700作为多孔发热体400的固定基座，自身需要固定，图中可以采用直接用塑胶端盖900压紧/以及外壳体100内壁抵接固定；或者当其他类型的雾化器中塑胶端盖900与外壳体100为一体时，则可 以视为外壳体100整体具有一用于抵接/安装硅胶座700的抵接部，然后将硅胶座700通过与抵接部抵接固定即可。
在以上实施方式中，雾化器中多孔发热体400的外表面可以包覆一层纤维棉/无纺布，防止陶瓷等材质的多孔发热体长时间浸泡烟油掉粉末，掺杂于雾化生成的气溶胶中，影响吸食口感。
在以上实施例对图12所示的多孔发热体进行固定装配的示例下，对于图15至图18所示的多通孔的变形多孔发热体也可以同样按照以上结构进行装配。
采用本发明以上实施例的雾化器，针对多孔发热体所具有的两端突出的部位，配合添加硅胶材质的连接和装配部件，进行对应连接和装配，实现便捷安装和密封；同时，多孔发热体的哑铃状形状，这种结构有利于增强中间部分的导油性，在该部位安装发热体后，出烟量和出烟效率能达到增强。
基于以上结构后，基于提升整体孔隙和出烟量的立意，本发明进一步提出一种制备更高的烟油传导和出烟效率的多孔体，制备方法包括如下步骤：
S10，按照各质量百分数的如下成分获取原料：硅藻土50％～75％、氧化铝0％～10％、造孔剂15％～35％、粘土5％～10％、玻璃粉5％～15％；
S20，将以上各原料与石蜡混合均匀后制成原料蜡块；
S30，将步骤S20获得的原料蜡块按照最终所需的产品形状压制成型得到生胚；
S40，将生胚先在200～500℃下保温4～10h、再在700～1200℃下烧结2～4h，得到多孔体。
本发明以上制备过程中，步骤S10通过特异性搭配和选取的成分作为原来作为多孔体，硅藻土作为陶瓷主料，造孔剂用来在烧结过程中成孔；配合玻璃粉和氧化铝调整和改变刚性、硬度等性质，最终形成比较适合多孔体。造孔剂选自蔗糖、淀粉、木纤维及短碳纤维中的至少一种；采用这些淀粉、蔗糖、木纤维及短碳纤维这种大粒径的复杂有机物或无 机物作为造孔剂，可以根据需求控制最终形成的多孔陶瓷的孔径及孔隙率，得到适于储存、传导液体和产生烟雾的连通孔结构。
而其中，基于最终烧结过程中的各成分的结合以及最终多孔体的性质要求，玻璃粉采用高温玻璃粉(熔点为800～1300℃)而不采用低温玻璃粉(熔点为320～600℃)。
步骤S20的将石蜡作为成型粘结剂介质，用石蜡对各原料进行混合粘结成原料蜡块，然后再进行后续的烧结；而其中，步骤S20实施时可以采用先将步骤S10的各物料混合成混合物，然后再于80℃将石蜡熔化成液体状后，倒入混合后的粉体边搅拌边冷却，使混合粉体与石蜡包裹均匀，制成原料蜡块。
步骤S30进一步将原料蜡块压制成型，形成最终产品初步形状；压制成型的过程，可以采用成型机设备进行，实施时将原料蜡块于70～85℃、压力0.4～1MPa下，转变成蜡饼浆料后注入到模具内，得到所需形状的多孔体成型生坯。
最终步骤S40的烧制过程分为两个步骤，先于200～500℃下脱脂以去除坯体中的石蜡粘结剂，然后再调整温度至700～1200℃下烧结，即可得到所需形状、孔隙和孔径的多孔体。
同时，在以上各步骤实施中，为了使最终制备的品质更好，可以增加一些更加促进品质的细节处理步骤；具体，
步骤S20之前，包括：
S11，将硅藻土、氧化铝、造孔剂、粘土、玻璃粉按上述配比，倒入行星球磨机中湿法球磨5h，球磨介质采用去离子水或无水乙醇，通过球磨使个物料更加均一，最终得到均匀的混合粉体。
为了使本发明以上多孔体的制备方法的细节更利于本领域技术人员的理解和实施，以及突出本案制备的多孔体在性能和品质进步性效果，以下通过具体的实施例来对以上方法的内容进行举例说明。
实施例1
S10，获取各质量百分数的如下原料成分：硅藻土70g、氧化铝3g、 木纤维造孔剂15g、粘土5g、高温玻璃粉7g；
S11，将步骤S10的各原料倒入行星球磨机中湿法球磨5h，球磨介质为去离子水，得到均匀的混合粉体；
S20，在80℃将适当量的石蜡熔化成液体状，倒入步骤S11混合粉体，边搅拌边冷却，使混合粉体与石蜡包裹均匀，制成原料蜡饼；
S30，将原料蜡饼倒入成型机，控制温度70℃，压力0.4MPa，将蜡饼浆料注入到与图1实施例多孔体对应形状的模具内，得到成型生坯；
S40，将成型生坯先在200℃下保温10h，然后再于700℃下烧结4h，获取烧结后的多孔体。
实施例2
S10，获取各质量百分数的如下原料成分：硅藻土65g、蔗糖造孔剂25g、粘土5g、高温玻璃粉5g；
S11，将步骤S10的各原料倒入行星球磨机中湿法球磨4h，球磨介质为无水乙醇，得到均匀的混合粉体；
S20，在80℃将适当量的石蜡熔化成液体状，倒入步骤S11混合粉体，边搅拌边冷却，使混合粉体与石蜡包裹均匀，制成原料蜡饼；
S30，将原料蜡饼倒入成型机，控制温度85℃，压力1MPa，将蜡饼浆料注入到与图1实施例多孔体对应形状的模具内，得到成型生坯；
S40，将成型生坯先在500℃下保温4h，然后再于1200℃下烧结2h，获取烧结后的多孔体。
实施例3
S10，获取各质量百分数的如下原料成分：硅藻土58g、氧化铝5g、蔗糖造孔剂20g、粘土5g、高温玻璃粉12g；
S11，将步骤S10的各原料倒入行星球磨机中湿法球磨4h，球磨介质为无水乙醇，得到均匀的混合粉体；
S20，在80℃将适当量的石蜡熔化成液体状，倒入步骤S11混合粉体，边搅拌边冷却，使混合粉体与石蜡包裹均匀，制成原料蜡饼；
S30，将原料蜡饼倒入成型机，控制温度80℃，压力0.8MPa，将蜡饼浆料注入到与图1实施例多孔体对应形状的模具内，得到成型生坯；
S40，将成型生坯先在300℃下保温6h，然后再于1000℃下烧结3h，获取烧结后的多孔体。
实施例4
S10，获取各质量百分数的如下原料成分：硅藻土55g、氧化铝10g、蔗糖造孔剂15g、粘土10g、高温玻璃粉10g；
余下步骤按照实施例3相同的步骤进行，获取最终烧结的多孔体。
为了验证以上各实施例制备的多孔体的性质，对其孔隙和孔径用扫描电镜进行检测，结果如下表：
实施例 孔隙率 平均孔径
实施例1 65％ 61μm
实施例2 78％ 67μm
实施例3 70％ 63μm
实施例4 72％ 64μm
因此，从以上微孔孔径和孔隙率的检测结果可以看出，本发明实施例所制备的多孔体孔隙率基本都能达到70％，相比普通陶瓷棒孔隙率30～60％；并且，实施例4的多孔体与通常的陶瓷棒分别断面做显微镜分析，结果放大200倍参见图22所示。图22中左半部是实施例4多孔体，右半部是市面上普通的陶瓷棒，从结果看出实施例4孔径64.52μm、普通的陶瓷棒的显微分析结果，孔径46.49μm。本发明制备的多孔体，相比通常的普通陶瓷棒，体现在电子烟上出烟容易快，烟雾量相对大。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书及其附图中给出了本发明的较佳的实施例，但并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例，进一步地，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种多孔发热体，包括用于传导液体的多孔体，其特征在于，所述多孔体包括沿该多孔体的长度方向依次设置的第一多孔部、第二多孔部和第三多孔部；且沿所述多孔体的宽度方向上，所述第一多孔部和第三多孔部的截面面积均大于第二多孔部；
    所述多孔体上设有沿多孔体长度方向延伸的发热元件，该发热元件具有用于雾化液体以生成气溶胶的发热部；所述发热部沿多孔体长度方向上的延伸长度的至少一部分与所述第二多孔部的延伸长度相重叠。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的多孔发热体，其特征在于，所述第一多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
    和/或，
    所述第二多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
    和/或，
    所述第三多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积恒定。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的多孔发热体，其特征在于，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第一多孔部沿多孔体宽度方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的多孔发热体，其特征在于，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第一多孔部包括依次设置的第一导油段和第二导油段；其中，
    所述第一导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
    沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第二导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的多孔发热体，其特征在于，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第三多孔部沿多孔体宽度 方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的多孔发热体，其特征在于，沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第三多孔部包括依次设置的第三导油段和第四导油段；其中，
    所述第三导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积恒定；
    沿所述多孔体的长度方向、且朝第二多孔部的方向上，所述第四导油段沿宽度方向上的截面面积逐渐减小。
  7. 一种雾化器，包括中空外壳体，该外壳体内具有用于存储烟油的储油腔；所述外壳体内还设置有用于从储油腔吸取烟油、并对烟油进行雾化的多孔发热体；其特征在于，所述多孔发热体为权利要求1至6任一项所述的多孔发热体。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述多孔体上还设置有至少一个沿该多孔体的长度方向依次贯穿所述第一多孔部、第二多孔部和第三多孔部的通孔。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔内壁包括第一烟油工作面；且沿所述通孔的径向方向，所述第二多孔部具有与第一烟油工作面相对应的第二烟油工作面；
    且当所述通孔的数量为两个以上时，沿所述通孔的径向方向，所述第一烟油工作面与第二烟油工作面的间距相同。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔用于导出气溶胶；所述第一烟油工作面被配置为雾化烟油的雾化面，所述发热元件的发热部设于该雾化面上；所述第二烟油工作面被配置为与烟油接触的液体接触面。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔内壁具有两个相对的雾化面，两个雾化面上对应设置有第一发热部和第二发热部，所述第一发热部和第二发热部以并联或串联的方式连接。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔与所述储油腔相连通，所述第一烟油工作面被配置为与烟油接触的液体接触面，所述第二烟油工作面被配置为雾化烟油的雾化面，所述发热部设于该雾化面上。
  13. 如权利要求10至12任一项所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述烟油经液体接触面传导至对应雾化面的最短传导距离，小于所述通孔内壁沿该通孔的径向方向与第一多孔部或第三多孔部外表之间的距离。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔包括沿该多孔体的长度方向依次贯穿所述第一多孔部、第二多孔部和第三多孔部的第一通孔和第二通孔；
    所述发热元件包括设于所述第一通孔的雾化面的第一发热部、以及设于所述第二通孔的雾化面的第二发热部；且所述第一发热部与第二发热部被配置为具有不同的发热温度。
  15. 如权利要求7所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述外壳体内设有用于将多孔发热体雾化生成的烟油气溶胶输出至雾化器外的烟气传输管、用于固定所述多孔发热体的固定座、以及用于连接所述多孔发热体和烟气传输管的连接件；其中，
    所述固定座上设有与第一多孔部适配的第一容纳部；
    所述连接件具有与第三多孔部适配的第二容纳部、以及与所述烟气传输管连接的连接部；
    所述多孔发热体通过第一多孔部和第一容纳部的配合与固定座连接、及通过第三多孔部和第二容纳部的配合与连接件连接。
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