WO2020098494A1 - 轮毂电机驱动系统及机动车 - Google Patents

轮毂电机驱动系统及机动车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020098494A1
WO2020098494A1 PCT/CN2019/114248 CN2019114248W WO2020098494A1 WO 2020098494 A1 WO2020098494 A1 WO 2020098494A1 CN 2019114248 W CN2019114248 W CN 2019114248W WO 2020098494 A1 WO2020098494 A1 WO 2020098494A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive system
shaft
motor drive
sun gear
rotor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/114248
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡向阳
Original Assignee
舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
蔡向阳
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Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 蔡向阳 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to DE112019005658.1T priority Critical patent/DE112019005658T5/de
Publication of WO2020098494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020098494A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of motor vehicles such as electric vehicles, and particularly to a hub motor drive system for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle including the hub motor drive system.
  • the existing new energy vehicles such as electric vehicles still use a center drive motor, a clutch, a transmission with 2 or 3 gears, a differential and a transmission shaft to form a drive for transmitting the driving force / torque for driving the wheels System, which causes the transmission path of driving force / torque to be too long, resulting in high power loss and low efficiency of the driving system, which seriously affects the driving distance of new energy vehicles.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hub motor drive system for a new energy vehicle, so that the transmission path of the driving force / torque for driving the wheels is shortened compared to the drive system of the related art.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a motor vehicle including the above-mentioned in-wheel motor drive system.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
  • the present invention provides a hub motor drive system that includes: a drive motor including a stator and a rotor located radially inward of the stator and capable of rotating relative to the stator; A rotor bracket, which supports the rotor from a radially inner side and is fixed to the rotor; a planetary gear reducer, the planetary gear reducer includes a rotor fixed to the rotor bracket and capable of rotating with the rotor bracket A sun gear shaft, a plurality of planet gears located radially outside of the sun gear shaft, a planet gear carrier mounted on the plurality of planet gears, and a ring gear located radially outside of the planet gears; and an output shaft, said The output shaft is fixed to the planetary gear carrier, wherein the driving force / torque is sequentially transmitted to the output via the rotor, the rotor bracket, the sun gear shaft, the planetary gears and the planetary gear carrier The shaft drives the hub.
  • the output shaft includes a flange portion and a shaft portion that protrudes from the center of the flange portion toward the axial side, the flange portion is fixed with the planetary gear carrier, and the hub motor
  • the drive system further includes a wheel bearing sleeved on the shaft portion from the outside in the radial direction, and the drive motor, the planetary gear reducer, the wheel bearing, and the output shaft are coaxially arranged.
  • the planetary gear reducer is disposed entirely on the radially inner side of the stator, and a part of the sun gear shaft of the planetary gear reducer, the plurality of planet gears, the planet gear carrier, and all The ring gear is arranged on the other side of the rotor in the axial direction.
  • the sun gear shaft is a hollow shaft, the shaft portion extends into the sun gear shaft and the wheel bearing is disposed inside the sun gear shaft.
  • the in-wheel motor drive system further includes a knuckle sleeve, and the knuckle sleeve is located between the sun gear shaft and the wheel bearing.
  • the wheel bearing is a ball bearing.
  • the in-wheel motor drive system further includes a housing and a housing cover assembled with each other, the housing and the housing cover surround to form an installation space, and the drive motor is accommodated in the installation space, so The stator is fixed to the housing.
  • the planetary gear reducer is located outside the installation space, the sun gear shaft and the housing and the housing cover overlap in the axial direction, and the sun gear shaft and the housing and A sun gear shaft support bearing is provided between the housing covers, and the ring gear is fixed to the housing.
  • both the radial gap between the sun gear shaft and the housing and the radial gap between the sun gear shaft and the housing cover are provided with a sealing assembly.
  • the invention also provides a motor vehicle whose wheels include the wheel hub motor drive system described in any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the present invention provides a new in-wheel motor drive system and a motor vehicle including the in-wheel motor drive system.
  • the in-wheel motor drive system enables the driving force / torque to pass sequentially through the rotor of the drive motor inside the wheel ,
  • the rotor bracket, the sun gear shaft of the planetary gear reducer, the planet gears and the planet gear carrier are transferred to the output shaft to drive the hub, and ultimately drive the wheels.
  • the transmission path of the driving force / torque of the motor vehicle including the above-mentioned in-wheel motor drive system is shorter than that of the prior art motor vehicle, thus improving the efficiency of the driving system and reducing the power loss.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of an in-wheel motor drive system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • axial refers to the axial, radial and circumferential directions of the housing of the hub motor drive system, respectively
  • the axial side refers to the right side in Figure 1 Side
  • the other side in the axial direction refers to the left side in FIG. 1.
  • the wheel stress point refers to the projection of the intersection between the wheel mid-plane and the wheel center axis on the tire ground plane.
  • the in-wheel motor drive system includes a case 1 assembled together, a case cover 2, a drive motor 3, a rotor bracket 4, a planetary gear reducer 5 and an output shaft 6.
  • the casing 1 and the casing cover 2 have a cylindrical shape as a whole.
  • the housing 1 is formed with an opening toward one side in the axial direction and is located on the other side in the axial direction of the housing cover 2.
  • the housing cover 2 is assembled with the housing 1 in such a manner as to cover the opening of the housing 1 so that the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 surround to form the installation space S.
  • the bottom of the housing 1 opposite to the opening is formed into a bent shape and the housing cover 2 is also formed into a bent shape so that the dimension of the installation space S between the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 in the axial direction A Decreases outward to radially inward.
  • both the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 are formed with a through hole at the center for passing through the sun gear shaft 51 and other components described below.
  • the entire drive motor 3 is accommodated in the installation space S.
  • the drive motor 3 includes a stator 31 and a rotor 32 each having an annular shape.
  • stator 31 is located on the radial inner side of the housing 1 and is fixed with the housing 1.
  • a cooling assembly is preferably provided between the stator 31 and the outer periphery of the housing 1 to reduce The temperature of the stator 31.
  • the rotor 32 is located radially inward of the stator 31 and is opposed to the stator 31 in the radial direction R.
  • the rotor 32 can rotate relative to the stator 31 so that the rotor 32 can rotate in the magnetic field when the stator 31 generates a ring-shaped magnetic field.
  • the rotor holder 4 is used to support the rotor 32 and has a cylindrical shape, and the rotor holder 4 includes an outer peripheral portion 41 and a radial portion 42.
  • the outer peripheral portion 41 extends along the axial direction A and the circumferential direction, and the outer peripheral portion 41 is fixed to the rotor 32 from the radially inner side to support the rotor 32.
  • the length of the outer peripheral portion 41 in the axial direction A is substantially equal to the length of the rotor 32 in the axial direction A.
  • the radial portion 42 extends radially inward from the central portion of the outer peripheral portion 41 in the axial direction A and protrudes from the installation space S to be fixed with the sun gear shaft 51 described below.
  • the planetary gear reducer 5 is entirely located outside the installation space S formed by the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 and the planetary gear reducer 5 is entirely arranged radially inward of the stator 31. It is arranged coaxially with the drive motor 3. Further, the planetary gear reducer 5 includes a sun gear shaft 51, a plurality of planet gears 52, a planet gear carrier 53 and a ring gear 54 assembled with each other, wherein a part of the sun gear shaft 51, a plurality of planet gears 52, a planet gear carrier Both 53 and ring gear 54 are arranged on the other side of the rotor 32 in the axial direction.
  • the other structures of the planetary gear reducer 5 except for the other part of the sun gear shaft 51 are arranged on the other side of the rotor 32 in the axial direction. In this way, it can be ensured that the planetary gear reducer 5 can be filled with more oil, so that the lubricating performance and cooling performance are better.
  • the sun gear shaft 51 is a hollow shaft, and the sun gear shaft 51 extends through the central through hole of the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 along the axial direction A, so that the sun gear shaft 51 and both the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 Overlap in the axial direction A.
  • the radial gap between the sun gear shaft 51 and the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 is provided with two sun gear shaft support bearings 51a aligned in the axial direction A and two seal assemblies 51b aligned in the axial direction A.
  • the two sun gear shaft support bearings 51a are used to support the sun gear shaft 51 in the radial direction R.
  • Both seal assemblies 51b have an annular shape and a small inner diameter, so the two seal assemblies 51b can be fitted to the sun gear shaft 51 through an interference fit, so that the eccentricity from the sun gear shaft 51 is very small.
  • a portion of the sun gear shaft 51 facing the plurality of planet gears 52 is formed with teeth continuously distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • a plurality of planet gears 52 are located radially outside of the sun gear shaft 51 and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • Each planet gear 52 is formed with teeth that mesh with the teeth of the sun gear shaft 51 so that each planet gear 52 rotates as the sun gear shaft 51 rotates It is possible to perform rotation around each central axis and revolution around the sun gear shaft 51.
  • the planetary carrier 53 is located radially outward of the sun gear shaft 51, and the planetary carrier 53 is fixed to the output shaft 6 while being mounted on a plurality of planetary gears 52 (for example, fixed to the central shaft of each planetary gear 52). As the planetary gear 52 revolves, it can drive the planetary carrier 53 to rotate and then drive the output shaft 6 to rotate.
  • the ring gear 54 is located radially outside of the plurality of planet gears 52 and is fixed to the housing 1.
  • a track for the plurality of planet gears 52 to revolve is formed between the ring gear 54 and the sun gear shaft 51.
  • the ring gear 54 is formed with a plurality of planets The teeth of the gear 52 mesh.
  • the output shaft 6 is a flanged shaft.
  • the output shaft 6 includes a flange portion 61 and a shaft portion 62 that are formed integrally.
  • the output shaft 6 is arranged coaxially with the planetary gear reducer 5.
  • the flange portion 61 is formed in a disk shape and extends radially outward from the shaft portion 62.
  • the flange portion 61 is fixed to the planetary carrier 53 by a fixing member, so that the entire output shaft 6 can follow the planetary carrier 53 Turns while turning.
  • the shaft portion 62 protrudes from the center of the flange portion 61 toward the axial side and extends in the axial direction to the inside of the hollow sun gear shaft 51.
  • the wheel bearing 62a is fitted to the shaft portion 62 from the outside in the radial direction, and the wheel bearing 62a is arranged coaxially with the drive motor 3 and the planetary gear reducer 5.
  • the wheel bearing 62 a is arranged inside the sun gear shaft 51. In this way, the projection of the center of the wheel bearing 62a on the tire ground contact surface can be arranged to substantially coincide with the wheel stress point, which contributes to the improvement of stability.
  • the wheel bearing 62 a can be attached to the shaft portion 62 by the wheel bearing lock nut 62 b cooperating with the flange portion 61.
  • the wheel bearing 62a is a ball bearing, preferably a double row ball bearing, so that the friction force of the wheel bearing 62a during operation is small, and the efficiency of the drive system is improved.
  • the driving force / torque can be sequentially transmitted to the output shaft 6 via the rotor 32, rotor bracket 4, sun gear shaft 51, planet gear 52, and planet gear carrier 53 in the in-wheel motor drive system to drive The hub, which ultimately drives the wheel.
  • the drive motor 3 directly drives the wheels of the motor vehicle without passing through the conventional transmission and drive shaft outside the wheels, so the transmission path of the driving force / torque is shortened compared to the drive system of the prior art motor vehicle, so that the improvement Drive the efficiency of the system and reduce the energy loss in the transmission process.
  • the coaxial arrangement of the drive motor 3, planetary gear reducer 5, wheel bearing 62a and output shaft 6 can greatly save the space occupied by the hub motor drive system, and the hub motor drive system is integrated with the wheels This facilitates the layout of the vehicle and reduces the effects of spatial interference when the vehicle is in bumps and turns.
  • the in-wheel motor drive system may further include a knuckle sleeve 7, a sensor 8, and a braking system 9.
  • the knuckle sleeve 7 is located between the sun axle 51 and the wheel bearing 62a to cooperate with other components of the knuckle assembly to achieve steering control of the wheels.
  • the sensor 8 is provided in the above-mentioned installation space S and is provided in the housing cover 2.
  • the sensor 8 is used to monitor parameters such as the rotational speed of the drive motor 3.
  • the braking system 9 is located on the axial side of the sun gear shaft 51 and on the radial inner side of the housing cover 2.
  • the braking system 9 includes a brake drum 91 and a brake disc that are sheathed on the knuckle sleeve 7 from the radial outer side 92, the brake drum 91 and the brake disc 92 face each other in the axial direction A and cooperate with each other to be able to brake the in-wheel motor drive system.
  • the present invention also provides a motor vehicle whose wheel includes a hub motor drive system having the above structure.
  • the in-wheel motor drive system according to the present invention may further include other necessary components that are not described in the above specific embodiments.
  • seal assembly 51b in addition to the above-mentioned seal assembly 51b, other seal assemblies may be provided at necessary locations in the in-wheel motor drive system, for example, a seal assembly may be provided between the flange portion 61 of the output shaft 6 and the housing 1 101, a seal assembly 102 may be provided between the flange portion 61 and the sun gear shaft 51.
  • the main function of these seal assemblies 101, 102 is to isolate different spaces in the drive system, so that media such as oil will not circulate between the spaces separated by these seal assemblies 101, 102.
  • a thrust roller bearing 103 may be provided in the axial gap between the housing 1 and the planetary carrier 53 to support the planetary carrier 53 in the axial direction A.

Abstract

一种轮毂电机驱动系统及机动车，所述轮毂电机驱动系统包括：驱动电机（3），其包括定子（31）和位于定子（31）的径向内侧且能够相对于定子（31）转动的转子（32）；转子支架（4），其从径向内侧支撑转子（32）且固定于转子（32）；行星齿轮减速器（5），其包括固定于转子支架（4）的太阳轮轴（51）、位于太阳轮轴（51）的径向外侧的多个行星齿轮（52）和安装于多个行星齿轮（52）的行星轮架（53）；以及输出轴（6），其与行星轮架（53）固定在一起，驱动力/扭矩经由转子（32）、转子支架（4）、太阳轮轴（51）、行星齿轮（52）和行星轮架（53）传递到输出轴（6）。包括上述轮毂电机驱动系统的机动车的驱动力/扭矩的传递路径相比现有技术的机动车的驱动力/扭矩的传递路径较短，因此提高了驱动系统的效率并且减小了动力损耗。

Description

轮毂电机驱动系统及机动车
相关申请的引用
本发明要求2018年11月13日在中国提交的、名称为“轮毂电机驱动系统及机动车”、申请号为201811348660.3的发明专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及例如电动汽车等的机动车领域，具体地涉及用于机动车的轮毂电机驱动系统及包括该轮毂电机驱动系统的机动车。
背景技术
现有技术的例如电动汽车等的新能源机动车仍然使用中心驱动电机、离合器、具有2挡或3挡的变速器、差速器和变速器轴来组成用于传递驱动车轮的驱动力/扭矩的驱动系统，这导致了驱动力/扭矩的传递路径过长，从而使得驱动系统的动力损耗高且效率低，而这严重影响了新能源机动车的行驶距离。
发明内容
基于上述现有技术的缺陷做出了本发明。本发明的一发明目的在于提供一种用于新能源机动车的轮毂电机驱动系统，使得相比现有技术的驱动系统缩短用于驱动车轮的驱动力/扭矩的传递路径。本发明的另一发明目的在于提供一种包括上述轮毂电机驱动系统的机动车。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案。
本发明提供了一种如下的轮毂电机驱动系统，所述轮毂电机驱动系统包 括：驱动电机，所述驱动电机包括定子和位于所述定子的径向内侧且能够相对于所述定子转动的转子；转子支架，所述转子支架从径向内侧支撑所述转子且固定于所述转子；行星齿轮减速器，所述行星齿轮减速器包括固定于所述转子支架且能够随着所述转子支架转动的太阳轮轴、位于所述太阳轮轴的径向外侧的多个行星齿轮、安装于所述多个行星齿轮的行星轮架和位于所述行星齿轮的径向外侧的齿圈；以及输出轴，所述输出轴与所述行星轮架固定在一起，其中，驱动力/扭矩顺次经由所述转子、所述转子支架、所述太阳轮轴、所述行星齿轮和所述行星轮架传递到所述输出轴以驱动轮毂。
优选地，所述输出轴包括法兰部和从所述法兰部的中央朝向轴向一侧伸出的轴部，所述法兰部与所述行星轮架固定在一起，所述轮毂电机驱动系统还包括从径向外侧套装于所述轴部的车轮轴承，并且所述驱动电机、所述行星齿轮减速器、所述车轮轴承和所述输出轴同轴地配置。
更优选地，所述行星齿轮减速器整体配置在所述定子的径向内侧，并且所述行星齿轮减速器的所述太阳轮轴的一部分、所述多个行星齿轮、所述行星轮架和所述齿圈配置在所述转子的轴向另一侧。
更优选地，所述太阳轮轴为空心轴，所述轴部延伸进入所述太阳轮轴的内部并且所述车轮轴承配置在所述太阳轮轴的内部。
更优选地，所述轮毂电机驱动系统还包括转向节套筒，所述转向节套筒位于所述太阳轮轴和所述车轮轴承之间。
更优选地，所述车轮轴承为球轴承。
优选地，所述轮毂电机驱动系统还包括彼此组装在一起的壳体和壳体盖，所述壳体和壳体盖包围形成安装空间，并且所述驱动电机收纳于所述安装空间内，所述定子固定于所述壳体。
更优选地，所述行星齿轮减速器位于所述安装空间外，所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体和所述壳体盖两者在轴向上重叠，所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体和所述 壳体盖之间设置有太阳轮轴支撑轴承，并且所述齿圈固定于所述壳体。
更优选地，在所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体之间的径向间隙以及在所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体盖之间的径向间隙均设置有密封组件。
本发明还提供了一种如下的机动车，所述机动车的车轮包括以上技术方案中任意一项技术方案所述的轮毂电机驱动系统。
通过采用上述技术方案，本发明提供了一种新型的轮毂电机驱动系统和包括该轮毂电机驱动系统的机动车，该轮毂电机驱动系统使得驱动力/扭矩顺次经由在车轮内部的驱动电机的转子、转子支架、行星齿轮减速器的太阳轮轴、行星齿轮和行星轮架传递到输出轴以驱动轮毂，并最终驱动车轮。这样，包括上述轮毂电机驱动系统的机动车的驱动力/扭矩的传递路径相比现有技术的机动车的驱动力/扭矩的传递路径较短，因此提高了驱动系统的效率并且减小了动力损耗。
附图说明
图1是示出了根据本发明的一实施方式的轮毂电机驱动系统的结构的剖视示意图。
附图标记说明
1壳体 2壳体盖 3驱动电机 31定子 32转子 4转子支架 41外周部分 42径向部分 5行星齿轮减速器 51太阳轮轴 51a太阳轮轴支撑轴承 51b密封组件 52行星齿轮 53行星轮架 54齿圈 6输出轴 61法兰部 62轴部 62a车轮轴承 62b车轮轴承锁紧螺母 7转向节套筒 8传感器 9制动系统 91制动鼓 92制动盘 101、102密封组件 103推力滚子轴承
S安装空间 A轴向 R径向
具体实施方式
以下将参照说明书附图来详细地说明本发明的具体实施方式。在本说明书中，“轴向”、“径向”和“周向”分别是指轮毂电机驱动系统的壳体的轴向、径向和周向，轴向一侧是指图1中的右侧，轴向另一侧是指图1中的左侧。另外，车轮受力点是指车轮中间面与车轮中心轴线之间的交点在轮胎接地面上的投影。
如图1所示，根据本发明的一实施方式的轮毂电机驱动系统包括组装在一起的壳体1、壳体盖2、驱动电机3、转子支架4、行星齿轮减速器5和输出轴6。
在本实施方式中，壳体1和壳体盖2整体呈筒状。壳体1形成有朝向轴向一侧的开口且位于壳体盖2的轴向另一侧。壳体盖2以盖住壳体1的开口的方式与壳体1组装在一起，使得壳体1和壳体盖2包围形成安装空间S。壳体1的与开口相对的底部形成为弯折形状并且壳体盖2也形成为弯折形状，使得壳体1和壳体盖2之间的安装空间S在轴向A上的尺寸从径向外侧朝向径向内侧减小。另外，壳体1与壳体盖2均在中央处形成通孔以供下述的太阳轮轴51等部件穿过。
在本实施方式中，驱动电机3整体收纳于安装空间S内。驱动电机3包括均呈圆环状的定子31和转子32。
具体地，定子31位于壳体1的径向内侧且与壳体1固定在一起，定子31与壳体1的外周部之间优选设置有冷却组件，以用于降低在驱动电机3工作过程中定子31的温度。
转子32位于定子31的径向内侧且与定子31在径向R上相对。转子32能够相对于定子31转动，使得当定子31产生环形磁场的情况下转子32能够在该磁场中转动。
在本实施方式中，转子支架4用于支撑转子32且具有圆筒形状，并且该 转子支架4包括外周部分41和径向部分42。
具体地，外周部分41沿着轴向A和周向延伸，并且该外周部分41从径向内侧固定于转子32以支撑转子32。该外周部分41在轴向A上的长度与转子32的在轴向A上的长度大致相等。
径向部分42从外周部分41的在轴向A上的中央部朝向径向内侧延伸并从安装空间S伸出以与下述的太阳轮轴51固定在一起。
在本实施方式中，行星齿轮减速器5整体位于壳体1和壳体盖2包围形成的安装空间S外并且行星齿轮减速器5整体配置在定子31的径向内侧，该行星齿轮减速器5与驱动电机3同轴地配置。进一步地，该行星齿轮减速器5包括彼此组装在一起的太阳轮轴51、多个行星齿轮52、行星轮架53和齿圈54，其中太阳轮轴51的一部分、多个行星齿轮52、行星轮架53和齿圈54均配置在转子32的轴向另一侧。也就是说，行星齿轮减速器5的除了太阳轮轴51的另一部分以外的其它结构均配置在转子32的轴向另一侧。这样，能够确保行星齿轮减速器5能够填充更多的油，使得润滑性能和冷却性能更好。
具体地，该太阳轮轴51为空心轴，并且太阳轮轴51沿着轴向A延伸穿过壳体1和壳体盖2的中央通孔，使得太阳轮轴51与壳体1和壳体盖2两者在轴向A上重叠。太阳轮轴51与壳体1和壳体盖2之间的径向间隙设置有在轴向A上排列的两个太阳轮轴支撑轴承51a和在轴向A上排列的两个密封组件51b。两个太阳轮轴支撑轴承51a用于在径向R上支撑太阳轮轴51。两个密封组件51b均具有环形形状并且内径较小，因此这两个密封组件51b能够通过过盈配合装配于太阳轮轴51，从而与太阳轮轴51的偏心度非常小。另外，太阳轮轴51的与多个行星齿轮52相对的部分形成有沿着周向连续地分布的齿。
多个行星齿轮52位于太阳轮轴51的径向外侧且沿着周向均匀分布，各行星齿轮52均形成有与太阳轮轴51的齿啮合的齿，使得随着太阳轮轴51的转动各行星齿轮52能够进行绕着各自的中心轴的自转和绕着太阳轮轴51的公转。
行星轮架53位于太阳轮轴51的径向外侧，并且该行星轮架53在安装于多个行星齿轮52(例如与各行星齿轮52的中心轴固定)的同时固定于输出轴6。随着行星齿轮52进行公转，能够带动行星轮架53进行转动进而带动输出轴6转动。
齿圈54位于多个行星齿轮52的径向外侧并且固定于壳体1，在齿圈54和太阳轮轴51之间形成供多个行星齿轮52公转的轨道，齿圈54形成有与多个行星齿轮52的齿啮合的齿。
在本实施方式中，输出轴6为法兰轴，该输出轴6包括形成为一体的法兰部61和轴部62，输出轴6与行星齿轮减速器5同轴地配置。
法兰部61形成为圆盘形状并且从轴部62朝向径向外侧延伸，该法兰部61通过固定件与行星轮架53固定在一起，使得整个输出轴6都能够随着行星轮架53的转动而转动。
轴部62从法兰部61的中央朝向轴向一侧伸出并且沿着轴向延伸到中空的太阳轮轴51的内部。车轮轴承62a从径向外侧套装于轴部62，并且车轮轴承62a与驱动电机3和行星齿轮减速器5同轴地配置。另外，车轮轴承62a配置在太阳轮轴51的内部。这样，能够将车轮轴承62a的中心在轮胎接地面上的投影配置成与车轮受力点大致重合，有利于稳定性的提高。
在本实施方式中，通过车轮轴承锁紧螺母62b与法兰部61配合能够将车轮轴承62a安装于轴部62。另外，该车轮轴承62a为球轴承，优选为双列球轴承，使得车轮轴承62a工作时的摩擦力小，提高驱动系统的效率。
通过采用上述构造，一方面，能够使得驱动力/扭矩顺次经由该轮毂电机驱动系统中的转子32、转子支架4、太阳轮轴51、行星齿轮52和行星轮架53传递到输出轴6以驱动轮毂，从而最终驱动车轮。这样，驱动电机3不经由传统的位于车轮外的变速器和驱动轴而直接驱动机动车的车轮，因此相比现有技术的机动车的驱动系统缩短了驱动力/扭矩的传递路径，使得提高了驱动 系统的效率并且减小了传递过程中的能量损耗。
另一方面，驱动电机3、行星齿轮减速器5、车轮轴承62a和输出轴6同轴地配置，能够极大地节省由轮毂电机驱动系统所占据的空间，并且轮毂电机驱动系统与车轮整合在一起，这便于车辆的布局并且减小在车辆处于颠簸和转向情况下空间干涉的影响。
在本实施方式中，轮毂电机驱动系统还可以包括转向节套筒7、传感器8和制动系统9。
转向节套筒7位于太阳轮轴51和车轮轴承62a之间，以配合转向节组件的其它部件实现对车轮的转向控制。
传感器8设置于上述安装空间S内并且设置于壳体盖2，该传感器8用于监测驱动电机3的转速等的参数。
制动系统9位于太阳轮轴51的轴向一侧且位于壳体盖2的径向内侧，该制动系统9包括从径向外侧外套于转向节套筒7的制动鼓91和制动盘92，制动鼓91和制动盘92在轴向A上彼此相对且相互配合以能够对轮毂电机驱动系统实施制动。
本发明还提供了一种机动车，该机动车的车轮包括具有以上结构的轮毂电机驱动系统。
以上详细地说明了根据本发明的轮毂电机驱动系统的具体实施方式，但是还需要补充说明的是：
根据本发明的轮毂电机驱动系统还可以包括在上述具体实施方式中未进行说明的其它必要的部件。
举例来说，除了上述密封组件51b以外，还可以在该轮毂电机驱动系统中必要的部位设置其它密封组件，例如，在输出轴6的法兰部61与壳体1之间可以设置有密封组件101，在法兰部61与太阳轮轴51之间也可以设置有密封组件102。这些密封组件101、102的主要作用在于隔离驱动系统中不同空间， 使得例如油等的介质在由这些密封组件101、102分隔的空间之间不会流通。
另外，还可以在壳体1与行星轮架53之间的轴向间隙内设置推力滚子轴承103，以在轴向A上支撑行星轮架53。
本发明的保护范围不限于上述具体实施方式中说明的具体实施例，而是只要满足本发明的权利要求的技术特征的组合就落入了本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，所述轮毂电机驱动系统包括：
    驱动电机，所述驱动电机包括定子和位于所述定子的径向内侧且能够相对于所述定子转动的转子；
    转子支架，所述转子支架从径向内侧支撑所述转子且固定于所述转子；
    行星齿轮减速器，所述行星齿轮减速器包括固定于所述转子支架且能够随着所述转子支架转动的太阳轮轴、位于所述太阳轮轴的径向外侧的多个行星齿轮、安装于所述多个行星齿轮的行星轮架和位于所述行星齿轮的径向外侧的齿圈；以及
    输出轴，所述输出轴与所述行星轮架固定在一起，
    其中，驱动力/扭矩顺次经由所述转子、所述转子支架、所述太阳轮轴、所述行星齿轮和所述行星轮架传递到所述输出轴以驱动轮毂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，所述输出轴包括法兰部和从所述法兰部的中央朝向轴向一侧伸出的轴部，所述法兰部与所述行星轮架固定在一起，
    所述轮毂电机驱动系统还包括从径向外侧套装于所述轴部的车轮轴承，并且
    所述驱动电机、所述行星齿轮减速器、所述车轮轴承和所述输出轴同轴地配置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，所述行星齿轮减速器整体配置在所述定子的径向内侧，并且
    所述行星齿轮减速器的所述太阳轮轴的一部分、所述多个行星齿轮、所述行星轮架和所述齿圈配置在所述转子的轴向另一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，所述太阳轮轴为空心轴，所述轴部延伸进入所述太阳轮轴的内部并且所述车轮轴承配置在所述太阳轮轴的内部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，所述轮毂电机驱动系统还包括转向节套筒，所述转向节套筒位于所述太阳轮轴和所述车轮轴承之间。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，所述车轮轴承为球轴承。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，所述轮毂电机驱动系统还包括彼此组装在一起的壳体和壳体盖，所述壳体和壳体盖包围形成安装空间，并且
    所述驱动电机收纳于所述安装空间内，所述定子固定于所述壳体。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，
    所述行星齿轮减速器位于所述安装空间外，所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体和所述壳体盖两者在轴向上重叠，所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体和所述壳体盖之间设置有太阳轮轴支撑轴承，并且
    所述齿圈固定于所述壳体。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的轮毂电机驱动系统，其特征在于，在所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体之间的径向间隙以及在所述太阳轮轴与所述壳体盖之间的径向间隙均设置有密封组件。
  10. 一种机动车，其特征在于，所述机动车的车轮包括权利要求1至9中任一项所述的轮毂电机驱动系统。
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