WO2020094140A1

WO2020094140A1 - Lightweight material separation device

Info

Publication number: WO2020094140A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/116903
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱兴良
Original assignee: 毛雪梅
Priority date: 2018-11-09
Filing date: 2019-11-09
Publication date: 2020-05-14
Also published as: WO2020094141A1; WO2020094139A1; CN111167714A; CN111167713A; WO2020094142A1; CN111167716A; CN111167712A

Abstract

Disclosed is a lightweight material separation device, comprising an air-feeding mechanism for blowing materials and a material-tossing mechanism for tossing the materials, wherein the air-feeding mechanism comprises a sealing cover (2) arranged above the material-throwing mechanism in a covering manner and air inlet pipes (21) symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sealing cover (2); and a wind source provides wind power for the materials through the air inlet pipes (21). Through the arrangement of the air-feeding mechanism and the material-tossing mechanism, the technical problem of a poor separation effect being caused by lightweight materials and heavy materials being mixed and extruded with each other so that the lightweight materials cannot be fully exposed to the wind is solved, and the separation effect of the lightweight materials is improved under the combined action of material tossing and air blowing.

Description

Lightweight material separation device

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of construction waste treatment, and particularly relates to a light material separation device.

Background technique

With the acceleration of urbanization in China, a large amount of building demolition is accompanied by a large number of building demolition in the process of urban transformation. If not handled properly, it will cause environmental pollution and waste of resources. Building demolition after building demolition is often mixed. Most of the construction wastes are heavy materials such as concrete blocks, crushed stone blocks, bricks and tiles, etc. The decoration wastes are mostly light materials such as gypsum board, wallpaper, plastic, and cloth art. And reuse brings many inconveniences. At present, manual sorting, water sorting and air sorting are mostly used for sorting construction waste. Although manual sorting is accurate, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, with extremely low efficiency and high labor cost; water sorting is based on the density of materials With the help of the buoyancy of water, the low density floats on the surface of the water, and the high-density submerged conveyor belt separates it to achieve separation. Although the separation effect of water separation is good, it will produce a lot of sewage, and a large amount of capital will be required in the future. Treat the sewage with energy and energy. The compressed mud cake cannot be reused due to the addition of chemicals, causing pollution to the environment and wasting resources, which is contrary to the concept of environmental protection. In the water selection process, materials with a density equivalent to water will be suspended in the water , Effective separation is not possible, and materials with water-absorbing materials cannot be accurately separated; air separation is the use of wind to separate light materials and heavy materials, using light materials and heavy materials to move at different speeds and trajectories under the action of wind Separation is achieved, because after the construction waste is broken, light materials and heavy materials are mixed together and squeezed each other. Too small a gap between the heavy materials often obstruct the movement of the wind and the light materials, which depended on the individual wind sorting, sorting the results are unsatisfactory.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above construction waste sorting process, the present invention provides a light-weight material separation device. By providing a wind supply mechanism and a throwing mechanism, the materials are subjected to the combined action of throwing and blowing at the same time, thereby improving The separation effect of light materials.

The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

A light-weight material separating device, characterized in that it includes an air supply mechanism that blows the material and a material throwing mechanism that throws up the material. The air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover buckled above the material throwing mechanism, and is symmetrically arranged In the air inlet pipes on both sides of the sealing cover, the wind power source supplies wind power to the materials through the air inlet pipes.

By setting the material throwing mechanism, the materials are in a dynamic separation state during the process of throwing and falling, and there is a gap between each other, which is convenient for the material to be subjected to wind, to avoid the material being mixed and squeezed together at rest, unable to be fully subjected to wind, and heavy materials It hinders the movement of light materials by the wind and cannot achieve the separation effect. In the process of the materials being thrown and dropped, the heavy materials and light materials mixed together will be separated initially due to the different trajectories of movement. Separation further provides favorable conditions to make separation more adequate; a sealing cover is provided above the conveyor belt, and an air inlet pipe is opened on the sealing cover, and the wind source sends air into the sealing cover through the air inlet pipe and blows the material, making the light Different materials and heavy materials produce different speeds to form different motion trajectories to achieve the separation effect; the setting of the sealing cover forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt, which is conducive to the wind and further improves the separation effect, and can restrict the materials to Inside the sealed cover, to avoid the material thrown up and scattered around after the wind, reduce dust pollution and noise pollution.

Preferably, the material ejecting mechanism includes a material carrying component and an ejector rod. The ejector rod is vertically disposed on the material carrying component. The ejector rod can move up and down under the action of the power mechanism and drive the material carrier assembly to move up and down to achieve ejection material. The above settings are simple and reliable, which can throw up the materials to provide favorable conditions for the materials to be subjected to the wind.

Preferably, the material loading assembly includes a conveying belt and a frame for conveying materials. Transmission wheels are installed at both ends of the frame, and the conveying belt is tensioned on the two transmission wheels and runs under the drive of the transmission wheels. , The material is transported from the feed end to the discharge end, a plurality of idler rollers for supporting the conveyor belt and the material are provided below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt, the idler rollers are arranged perpendicular to the running direction of the conveyor belt, The supporting shafts at both ends of the supporting roller are respectively provided with a jack, the supporting roller is arranged perpendicular to the jack, and can be moved up and down under the driving of the jack, and a hydraulic cylinder which drives the jack to move up and down is installed under the jack. The above settings can throw and blow the materials on the conveyor belt. The top rod moves up and down under the action of the hydraulic cylinder and drives the roller to move up and down. The conveyor belt vibrates under the effect of the roller and throws the materials on the conveyor belt. From the beginning, the up and down movement of the supporting roller is realized through the cooperation of the hydraulic cylinder and the ejector rod, so as to realize the material throwing, and the structure is simple and compact, the operation is reliable, and the maintenance is convenient. During the process, the material is thrown and blown, and the material can be separated when it reaches the discharge end, which greatly improves the separation efficiency of the light material, and combines the conveying equipment and the separation equipment reasonably, reducing the Manufacturing and operating costs.

Preferably, mounting brackets are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt, and guide grooves are opened on the mounting brackets, and the ejector rods can be installed in the guide grooves to move up and down. The setting of the guide groove can restrict the movement of the ejector rod to the up and down movement, so that the supporting roller is subjected to upward force to realize the throwing, and the movement of the supporting roller in other directions causes the conveyor belt to shift.

Preferably, the ejector rod includes a mounting section and a driven section. The mounting section and the driven section are two coaxial cylinders arranged coaxially. The guide groove is a cylindrical groove body. The driven section is installed in the guide groove and Move up and down under the constraint of the guide groove, and the lower end protrudes from the guide groove and cooperates with the hydraulic cylinder. The connection between the mounting section and the driven section forms a boss and abuts against the mounting frame. The support shaft of the idler is installed In the installation section. The above setting enables the outer edge of the mounting section of the jack to be supported on the mounting frame to provide sufficient support for the idler, so that the idler has sufficient support to support the conveyor belt and materials, and can also meet the jack and hydraulic cylinder Matching to achieve up and down movement, and the ejector rod and the guide groove are set in a cylindrical shape to reduce friction and improve the fit.

Preferably, the ejector rods are distributed symmetrically on both sides of the conveyor belt, and the upper end surface of the ejector rod is higher than the upper surface of the conveyor belt. The above setting can restrain the conveyor belt between the jacks on both sides, avoid the deviation of the conveyor belt, and make the jack also have the function of correcting the deviation.

Preferably, there are multiple groups of air inlet ducts, which are distributed on both sides of the sealing cover at intervals. The setting of multiple sets of air inlet pipes can make the materials continuously receive wind during the transportation process, so that the speed difference formed by the materials of different qualities is greater, so that they have different motion trajectories and the separation is more thorough.

Preferably, the air inlet duct is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sealing cover, and the air inlet duct is inclinedly arranged on the sealing cover. The air inlet pipe is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sealing cover, and the material can be blown from the side at the same time when the conveyor belt is conveying the material, so that the material is more uniformly subjected to wind. It not only receives upward force, but also forward force, which facilitates the sorting and transportation of materials and improves the efficiency of sorting and conveying.

As a preference, the cross-sectional area of the sealing cover gradually increases along the direction of material travel. When the wind power provided by the wind source is large, a sealing cover with a gradually increasing cross-sectional area can be used to ensure that the airflow runs from the feed end to the discharge end, to avoid the reverse operation of the material under the action of the air flow, affecting the transportation and separation efficiency .

Preferably, a plurality of sliders are provided on the bottom ends of the two side surfaces of the sealing cover, a convex edge is provided on the upper end surface of the mounting frame, and a sliding groove matching the slider is provided on the upper surface of the convex edge . The sealing cover is slidably installed on the mounting frame through the cooperation of the slider and the sliding groove, which is convenient for opening the sealing cover to maintain the equipment. The sliding groove is opened on the convex edge of the upper end surface of the mounting frame, without affecting the ejector rod and the bracket In the case of roller movement, this arrangement can increase the tightness of the seal cover.

Preferably, the bottom ends of the two side surfaces of the sealing cover are bent inwards to form a bent portion, the bent portion extends inwardly and bears against the side surface of the mounting frame, and the slider is mounted on the bent portion lower surface. The above settings can further improve the tightness of the sealing cover, and the bending part can be used to receive the material falling from the conveyor belt, to avoid the material directly falling on the slider chute to affect their sliding fit, or falling on other parts and mechanisms Affect the normal operation of the device.

Preferably, the rack is provided with an external fan on the side of the discharge end, and the height of the blower is higher than the height of the collecting device to perform air separation on the material further falling from the discharge end. When the material is discharged, it is subjected to wind separation again to improve the separation effect.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The light material separation device disclosed in the present invention solves the technical problem that the light material and the heavy material are mixed and squeezed together and cannot be fully affected by the wind separation effect. Under the joint action of wind blowing, the separation effect of light materials is improved.

2. The light material separation device disclosed by the present invention, through the combined action of throwing materials and air supply, the separation effect of light materials is better, which is beneficial to the reuse of construction waste, environmental protection and energy saving.

3. The present invention uses wind force to separate light materials, avoid secondary pollution caused by water separation, and save energy and protect the environment.

4. The throwing mechanism of the present invention effectively combines the throwing function and the conveying function, and can realize the separation of light materials in the process of material conveying, greatly improving the conveying separation efficiency, and simplifying the construction garbage conveying and sorting equipment , Avoiding the need for multiple equipment to cooperate, substantial energy saving and emission reduction, small footprint, and low manufacturing and operating costs.

5. The throwing mechanism of the present invention has a simple and compact structure and reliable operation, and realizes throwing through the cooperation of the loading component, the ejector rod, and the hydraulic cylinder.

6. The air inlet pipeline of the invention is provided with multiple groups, and the materials can be continuously subjected to wind during the transportation, and an external fan is also provided, which can fully wind the materials and improve the separation effect of light materials.

7. The setting of the sealing cover in the present invention forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt, which is beneficial to the material being subjected to wind to further improve the sorting effect, and the materials can be restrained in the sealing cover to prevent the material from being thrown up and being winded Scatter and reduce dust pollution and noise pollution.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a throwing mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind supply mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a material ejection mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

8 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting roller mounting frame and the cam in the second embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic view of another state structure of the supporting roller mounting frame and the cam in the second embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a right side view of the sealing cover in the second embodiment of the present invention;

In the picture, 1. feed bin; 2. sealing cover; 21. air inlet duct; 22. built-in fan; 23. bending part; 24. slider; 25. baffle; 3. frame; 31. mounting frame ; 32. convex edge; 34. limit base; 41. jack; 411. installation section; 42. idler; 412. driven section; 42. idler; 5. hydraulic cylinder; 51. piston rod; 6 Roller mounting frame; 61. Mounting beam; 62. Bottom beam; 63. Correction rod; 64. Buffer spring; 7. Conveyor belt; 71. Driving wheel; 72. Passive wheel; 8. Cam; 81. First circle Arc wall; 82. Second arc wall; 83. Driving gear; 84. Passive gear; 85. Transmission chain; 86. Power input shaft; 9. External fan; 91. Wind hood; 92. Wind nozzle.

detailed description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Embodiment 1, referring to FIGS. 1-4, this embodiment discloses a light-weight material separation device, including an air supply mechanism and a material ejection mechanism, the air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 2 buckled above the material ejection mechanism, and The air inlet duct 21 provided on the sealing cover 2 is symmetrically welded on both sides of the sealing cover 2 and forms a 45-degree angle with the sealing cover 2. The air inlet duct 21 is provided symmetrically on both sides of the sealing cover 2 When the conveyor belt 7 conveys the materials, the materials are simultaneously blown from the side to make the materials more uniformly subjected to the wind. The air inlet pipe 21 is inclinedly arranged on the sealing cover 2 so that the materials are not only subjected to upward force when the wind is received, but also The force of forward travel is conducive to the sorting and transportation of materials, and improves the efficiency of sorting and conveying; the air inlet ducts 21 are in multiple groups, and are distributed on both sides of the sealing cover 2, in this embodiment, the air inlet ducts 21 are in three groups , The setting of multiple groups of air inlet ducts 21 can make the materials continuously receive wind during the transportation process, so that different qualities of materials have different movement trajectories, and the separation is more thorough; in this embodiment, the wind source is set in the air inlet duct Built-in fan 22 inside 21, directly A fan is installed in the air inlet duct 21, so that the wind can directly enter the seal cover 2 from the air inlet duct 21 to act on the material, shorten the air supply path, and increase the effective force of the wind. In actual applications, other wind sources can also be used for air supply Wind, such as an air compressor; the bottom ends of the two side surfaces of the sealing cover 2 are bent inward to form a bent portion 23 that extends inwardly and bears against the side surface of the mounting portion. The lower surface is provided with a slider 24, and the upper end surface of the mounting frame 31 is provided with a convex edge 32. The upper surface of the convex edge 32 is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the slider 24. The sliding groove cooperates and can be slidably installed on the mounting frame 31, which is convenient for opening the sealing cover 2 to maintain the equipment. The sliding groove is opened on the convex edge 32 of the upper end surface of the mounting frame 31, without affecting the ejector 41 and the supporting roller 42 In the case of movement, this setting can increase the tightness of the sealing cover 2, and the bending portion 23 can be used to receive the material falling from the conveyor belt 7 to prevent the material from directly falling on the slide groove of the slider 24 to affect their sliding fit. Or it falls on other parts and mechanisms to affect the normal operation of the device ; The cross-sectional area of the sealing cover 2 gradually increases in the direction of material travel. When the wind power provided by the wind source is large, the sealing cover 2 with gradually increasing cross-sectional area is used to ensure that the air flow runs from the feed end to the discharge end In order to avoid the reverse operation of the material under the action of the air flow, which affects the efficiency of transportation and separation; the sealing cover 2 is also provided with a feed port and a discharge port, and a feed bin 1 is fixedly installed on the feed port.

The ejection mechanism includes a material-carrying component that carries materials and an ejector 41. The ejector 41 is vertically disposed on the material-carrying component. The ejector 41 can move up and down under the action of the power mechanism and drive the material-carrying component to move up and down to realize ejection In this embodiment, the material carrying assembly includes a conveyor belt 7 for conveying materials and a frame 3, the conveyor belt 7 is tensioned on two transmission wheels, and the transmission wheels are rotatably installed at both ends of the frame 3, actively The wheel 71 is installed at the discharge end, the passive wheel 72 is installed at the feed end, and the drive wheel 71 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and rotates under the drive of the first motor to drive the conveyor belt 7 to move the material from the feed end Conveyed to the discharge end; under the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 7 is provided a plurality of supporting rollers 42 for supporting the conveyor belt 7 and the materials, the supporting rollers 42 are arranged perpendicular to the running direction of the conveyor belt 7, and the supporting rollers 42 are both The supporting shafts at the ends are respectively vertically installed on the ejector rods 41, and the ejector rods 41 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the conveyor belt 7, and a supporting roller 42 is installed between each group of ejector rods 41. The end face is higher than the upper surface of the conveyor belt 7 to restrain the conveyor belt 7 on the top of both sides Between 41, to avoid the deviation of the conveyor belt 7, so that the jack 41 also has the function of correcting the deviation; below the jack 41 is installed a hydraulic cylinder 5 that drives the jack 41 to move up and down, and the piston rod 51 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 abuts on the jack The lower end surface of 41, the above setting can throw and blow the materials on the conveyor belt 7, the top rod 41 moves up and down under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and drives the roller 42 to move up and down, and the piston rod 51 in the hydraulic cylinder 5 rapidly expands and contracts During the process, the conveyor belt 7 vibrates under the action of the support roller 42 and throws up the material on the conveyor belt 7, and the up and down movement of the support roller 42 is realized by the cooperation of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the ejector 41, so as to realize the throwing. And the structure is simple and compact, the operation is reliable, the maintenance is convenient, and the material throwing mechanism uses the conveyor belt 7 into the shape of the load, the material can be thrown and blown during the material conveying process, the material can achieve light weight when it reaches the discharge end The separation of materials greatly improves the separation efficiency of light materials, and combines the conveying equipment and the separating equipment reasonably, reducing the manufacturing and operating costs; the conveyor belt 7 is provided with mounting brackets 31 on both sides of the mounting bracket 31 There is a guide groove, The rod 41 can be moved up and down in the guide groove. The guide groove can restrict the movement of the jack 41 to the up and down movement, so that the supporting roller 42 is subjected to upward force to realize the material throwing, and the supporting roller 42 is prevented from moving in other directions. The conveyor belt 7 is shifted; the jack 41 includes a mounting section 411 and a driven section 412, the mounting section 411 and the driven section 412 are two cylindrical sections arranged coaxially, and the guide groove is a cylindrical groove body, The driven section 412 is installed in the guide groove and moves up and down under the constraint of the guide groove, and the lower end protrudes from the guide groove to cooperate with the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the connecting portion of the mounting section 411 and the driven section 412 forms a boss and abuts On the mounting frame 31, the supporting shaft of the supporting roller 42 is mounted on the mounting section 411. The above setting enables the outer edge of the mounting section 411 of the jack 41 to be supported on the mounting frame 31 to provide sufficient supporting force for the supporting roller 42, thereby The supporting roller 42 has sufficient supporting force to support the conveyor belt 7 and the materials, and at the same time, it can satisfy that the jack 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 cooperate to achieve upward movement, and the jack 41 and the guide groove are both arranged in a cylindrical shape to reduce friction Improve fit.

The working principle of this embodiment is that the material enters into the sealing cover 2 from the feed bin 1, the material in this embodiment is broken construction waste, the construction waste is mixed with light decoration waste, and the material falls on the transportation At the feed end of the belt 7, the conveyor belt 7 drives the animal material to the discharge end under the drive of the transmission wheel; during the transportation of construction waste, the hydraulic cylinder 5 works, and the piston rod 51 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 acts on the ejector rod 41 The ejector rods 41 on both sides of the conveyor belt 7 drive the supporting roller 42 to move up and down. The supporting roller 42 moves up and down and acts on the conveyor belt 7 to throw up the material on the conveyor belt 7, the material is light in the process of throwing and falling Unlike the falling speed and movement trajectory of heavy materials, the materials will be initially separated, and the materials will be blown by the built-in fan 22 during the transportation and throwing process. The fans are distributed on both sides of the sealing cover 2 at three intervals. Therefore, the material is continuously exposed to the wind throughout the conveying process, and the material is better affected by the wind during the dynamic process of throwing and falling. The material has a gap between each other during the dynamic state and is loose, which is convenient for the wind and avoids lightweight materials. Hezhong The materials are mixed and squeezed together in a static state, which affects the light materials to be affected by wind and movement; when the materials are transported to the discharge port, under the combined action of throwing and blowing, different qualities of materials have formed different speeds And the area, so the material will form different movement trajectories when falling from the discharge port, so as to achieve separation, transportation, material throwing and air supply are all carried out in the sealed cover 2, the material is restrained in the sealed cover 2, to avoid the material thrown Scattered around after rising and receiving wind to reduce dust pollution and noise pollution, and the formation of an air duct by the sealing cover 2 can further improve the wind receiving effect.

Second embodiment, referring to FIGS. 5-10, this embodiment discloses a light-weight material separation device, including an air supply mechanism and a throwing mechanism, the air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 2 buckled above the throwing mechanism, and The inlet duct 21 provided on the sealing cover 2 is symmetrically welded on both sides of the sealing cover 2 and forms a 45-degree angle with the sealing cover 2. The inlet duct 21 is provided symmetrically on both sides of the sealing cover 2. When the conveyor belt 7 conveys the materials, the materials are simultaneously blown from the side to make the materials more uniformly subjected to the wind. The air inlet pipe 21 is inclinedly arranged on the sealing cover 2 so that the materials are not only subjected to upward force when the wind is received, but also The force of forward travel is conducive to the sorting and transportation of materials, and improves the efficiency of sorting and conveying; in this embodiment, the air inlet pipe 21 is a group and is located near the discharge end of the conveyor belt 7, the air inlet pipe 21 is close to the discharge At the end, the garbage is subjected to wind before discharge, which can maintain the wind condition until discharge, so that there is a speed difference during discharge to form different motion trajectories to achieve separation purposes; the cross section of the air inlet pipe 21 is along the air inlet The direction gradually becomes smaller, this setting can make Force is more concentrated, so that the garbage by wind better and achieve better separation. In this embodiment, the wind power source is a built-in fan 22 provided inside the air inlet duct 21, and a fan is directly provided in the air inlet duct 21, so that the wind force can directly enter the airtight cover 2 from the air inlet duct 21 to act on the material and shorten the air supply. The path improves the effective force of the wind, and in actual applications, other wind sources can also be used for air supply, such as air compressors, the upper surface of the rack 3 on both sides of the conveyor belt 7 is provided with a chute, and the lower edge of the sealing cover 2 A slider 24 cooperating with the chute is fixedly installed, and the sealing cover 2 is slidably installed on the frame 3 through the slider 24. The sealing cover 2 adopts this installation method, which is convenient for opening the sealing cover 2 for maintenance of the equipment; A baffle 25 is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the sealing cover 2, and the baffle 25 is located above the slider 24. The width of the baffle 25 is the same as the installation gap between the sealing cover 2 and the frame 3. The baffle 25 is provided to shield the seal The installation gap between the cover 2 and the frame 3 further improves the tightness of the sealing cover 2, and the baffle 25 is provided above the slider 24 to be able to accept scattered garbage and prevent the garbage from falling on the slide groove and the slider 24 to affect Their cooperation, and scattered Easier to clean up rubbish.

The ejection mechanism includes a material-carrying component that carries materials and a ejector 41. The ejector 41 is vertically disposed on the material-carrying component. Under the action of the power mechanism, the ejector 41 can move up and down and drive the material-carrying component to move up and down to realize ejection. In this embodiment, the material-carrying component includes a conveyor belt 7 and a frame 3 for conveying materials. The conveyor belt 7 is tensioned on two transmission wheels. The transmission wheels are rotatably installed at both ends of the frame 3, and the driving wheel 71 is installed at the discharge end, and the passive wheel 72 is installed at the feed end. The drive wheel 71 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and rotates under the drive of the motor to drive the conveyor belt 7 to transport the material from the feed end to the output Material end; on the frame 3 on both sides of the conveyor belt 7, there are idler mounting racks 6, in this embodiment, there are 7 idler mounting racks, and the distance between the idler mounting racks 6 at the feed end is small to improve the feed At the end, the idler mounting frame 6 is equipped with idler rollers 42 which are located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 7 and are arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 7, and the idler roller mounting frame 6 is on the belt conveyor Conventional idler mounting bracket 6 used, including two longitudinally arranged A mounting beam 61, the mounting beams 61 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 7, the bottom of the mounting beam 61 is connected by a bottom beam 62, the supporting roller 42 is installed between two mounting beams 61, the bottom beam 62 A vertical rod 41 is vertically installed at the bottom, and the upper end of the installation beam 61 is provided with a deflection deflection rod 63 that prevents the conveyor belt 7 from shifting. The deflection deflection rods 63 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 7. The upward force of the roller 42 shifts to ensure the normal operation of the conveyor belt 7 and the throwing effect. The deviation correction rod 63 is a cylinder to reduce the wear on the conveyor belt 7. In this embodiment, by setting the ejector rod 41 under the supporting roller mounting frame 6, and then using the power mechanism to do work on the ejector rod 41, the ejector rod 41 can drive the supporting roller mounting frame to move, and the garbage on the conveyor belt 7 can be thrown away In this embodiment, the throwing mechanism makes full use of the inherent components of the conventional conveying mechanism, such as idler 42 and idler mounting frame 6, so that they have the functions of supporting and throwing at the same time, so that the structure of the mechanism is simpler and more compact, and the function It is more practical, practical, and adaptable. It can be transformed by the existing conveyor mechanism to achieve material throwing, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low; the symmetrical welding of the limited base 34 on the frame 3 on both sides of the conveyor belt 7 In this embodiment, there are 7 sets of limit bases 34, and each idler mounting frame 6 is limited to one set of limit bases 34. The setting of the limit base 34 is to ensure that the idler mounting frame 6 can only The up and down movement realizes the material throwing, avoids it from moving back and forth or left and right on the frame 3, affects the material throwing and supporting effect, makes full use of the kinetic energy provided by the power mechanism for effective material throwing, and can firmly support the conveyor belt 7 on the bracket Support the garbage on the conveyor belt 7 The bottom end surface of the mounting beam 61 is provided with a buffer. In this embodiment, a buffer spring 64 is used as a buffer. The setting of the buffer spring 64 can effectively reduce the impact force on the frame 3 when the idler mounting frame 6 falls. Extend the service life of the device and reduce noise; in this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a cam 8 located below the jack 41, the cam 8 is fixed to the power input shaft 86, the end of the power input shaft 86 passes through the transmission device Driven by a motor, the cam 8 rotates under the drive of a power input shaft 86. The cam 8 includes a first arc wall 81 and a second arc wall 82, one of the first arc wall 81 and the second arc wall 82 Is connected by a tangent line, as shown in FIG. 8, when the first arc wall 81 abuts against the lower end of the ejector 41, the ejector 41 is lifted up and drives the idler mounting frame 6 to move upward, as shown in FIG. 9, When the second arc wall 82 abuts on the lower end of the ejector 41, the ejector 41 is restored to its original position under the gravity of the roller mounting frame 6, the cam mechanism is used as the power mechanism, which is simple and reliable, convenient for maintenance, and can fully utilize the conveyor belt 7 The space below makes the structure of the whole device It is compact and reasonable; the transmission device includes a driving gear 83 fixed on the output shaft of the second motor, a transmission chain 85 meshing with the driving gear 83, and a passive gear 84 fixed on the end of the power input shaft 86. In the embodiment, there are 7 passive gears 84, which are matched with each cam 8 for each roller mounting frame 6, the passive gear 84 also meshes with the transmission chain 85, through the driving gear 83, the passive gear 84 and the transmission chain The cooperation of 85 can realize that one motor drives all the cams 8 to operate, and can realize the simultaneous and abnormal movements of the idler roller 42 by changing the installation direction of the cams 8, saving energy and convenient operation and maintenance.

An external fan 9 is installed on the rack 3 at the discharge end. The external fan 9 can make the garbage receive wind again when it falls from the discharge port to improve the separation effect. The external fan 9 is covered with a wind hood 91. The front end of the hood 91 is integrally formed with a flat-nozzle-shaped air nozzle 92, and the width of the air nozzle 92 is the same as the width of the discharge port. The height of the air nozzle 92 is lower than the discharge port. The materials are evenly exposed to the wind, so that the materials are better affected by the wind and achieve a better separation effect.

The working principle of the light-weight material separation device disclosed in this embodiment is that the crushed construction waste enters the sealing cover 2 through the feed hopper, and falls on the feeding end of the conveyor belt 7, which is on the driving wheel 71 The transmission of construction waste drives the construction waste to the discharge end; during the transportation of construction waste, the second motor drives the driving gear 83 to run, the driving gear 83 drives the passive gear 84 through the transmission of the transmission chain 85, and the passive gear 84 passes the power The input shaft 86 drives the cam 8 to run. When the first arc wall 81 of the cam 8 abuts against the lower end of the ejector 41, the ejector 41 is pushed up and drives the idler mounting frame 6 to move upward, so that the idler 42 moves upward Acting on the conveyor belt 7 and throwing up garbage on the conveyor belt 7, when the second arc wall 82 abuts on the lower end of the ejector 41, the ejector 41 is restored to its original position under the gravity of the idler mounting frame 6, During the process of throwing and falling garbage, due to the different mass gravity, different falling speed and movement trajectory, the garbage will be initially separated; the garbage will be thrown up many times during the whole transportation process, when the garbage reaches the built-in fan 22 near the discharge end Place , All kinds of garbage are already in a preliminary separation state, and will not be mixed together, there is a gap between various kinds of garbage is in a loose state, built-in fans 22 on both sides of the conveyor belt 7 at the same time to the preliminary separation and dispersion of the garbage wind, Different garbage will have different speeds under the action of wind due to different masses, thus forming different motion trajectories, and the air inlet duct 21 is installed obliquely on the sealing cover 2. When the garbage is subjected to wind, not only the upward force but also the forward For the traveling force, the air inlet duct 21 is set close to the discharge end. The wind condition of the garbage continues until the discharge. The garbage is transported by the throwing and wind blowing during the transportation process. When the garbage falls from the discharge port, due to the quality of the Different trajectories are formed to achieve separation, transportation, material throwing and air supply are all carried out in the sealed cover 2, the garbage is restrained in the sealed cover 2, to avoid garbage thrown up and scattered around after the wind, reduce dust pollution and noise Pollution and can improve the effect of wind; when the garbage falls from the discharge port, it is blown by the wind of the external fan 9 again, so the separation effect is better.

It should be understood that in the claims and the description of the present invention, all "including ..." should be understood as an open-ended meaning, that is, the meaning is equivalent to "including at least ...", and should not be understood as a closed-ended one. Meaning, meaning that it should not be understood as "contains only ...". The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. The terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, In other words, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. The terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. indicate orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description. It does not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation or positional relationship, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, changes, modifications, additions or replacements made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention , Should be covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

A light material separation device, characterized by comprising an air supply mechanism blowing air to the material and a material ejection mechanism that throws the material, the air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover (2) covering the material ejection mechanism, And an air inlet duct (21) provided on the sealing cover (2), and a wind power source supplies wind power to the material through the air inlet duct (21).
The light-weight material separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material throwing mechanism includes a material carrying component and an ejector rod (41), and the ejector rod (41) is vertically disposed on the material carrier Under the action of the power mechanism, the ejector rod (41) can move up and down and drive the loading and unloading component to move up and down to realize material throwing.
A light-weight material separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the material-carrying component comprises a conveyor belt (7) and a frame (3), and two ends of the frame (3) are respectively equipped with transmission wheels , The conveyor belt (7) is tensioned on two drive wheels, and driven by the drive wheels to transport materials from the feed end to the discharge end, the conveyor belt (7) is provided below the conveying surface A plurality of support rollers (42) for supporting the conveyor belt (7) and the material, the support rollers (42) are arranged perpendicular to the running direction of the conveyor belt (7), and support shafts at both ends of the support roller (42) are respectively installed The ejector rod (41), the supporting roller (42) is arranged perpendicular to the ejector rod (41), and can move up and down under the driving of the ejector rod (41), and the driving ejector rod (41) is installed under the ejector rod (41) up and down Moving hydraulic cylinder (5).
A light-weight material separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, a mounting rack (31) is provided on both sides of the conveyor belt (7), and a guide groove is formed on the mounting rack (31), and the ejector rod (41) It can be installed up and down in the guide groove.
The light-weight material separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that the ejector rod (41) includes a mounting section (411) and a driven section (412), and the mounting section (411) and the driven section (412) 412) is a two-section cylindrical body arranged coaxially, the guide groove is a cylindrical groove body, the driven section (412) is installed in the guide groove and moves up and down under the restriction of the guide groove, and the lower end protrudes from the guide groove Cooperating with the hydraulic cylinder (5), the connecting portion of the mounting section (411) and the driven section (412) forms a boss and abuts on the mounting frame (31), and the supporting shaft of the idler (42) is mounted on Install segment (411).
A light material separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that the ejector rods (41) are distributed symmetrically on both sides of the conveyor belt (7), and the upper end surface of the ejector rod (41) Above the upper surface of the conveyor belt (7).
The light-weight material separating device according to claim 6, characterized in that the bottom ends of the two side surfaces of the sealing cover (2) are bent inward to form a bent portion (23), and the bent portion (23) extend inward and bear on the side of the mounting frame (31), a plurality of sliders (24) are provided on the lower surface of the bending portion (23), and the upper end surface of the mounting frame (31) is provided with a protrusion Along the (32), the upper surface of the convex edge (32) is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the slider (24).
A light material separation device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterized in that the air inlet duct (21) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sealing cover (2) And the air inlet duct (21) is inclinedly arranged on the sealing cover (2).
A light-weight material separation device according to claim 8, characterized in that the air inlet duct (21) is a plurality of groups, which are distributed on the sealing cover (2) at intervals.
A light-weight material separation device according to claim 9, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the sealing cover (2) gradually increases along the material traveling direction.