WO2020094141A1 - Construction waste separation system - Google Patents

Construction waste separation system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020094141A1
WO2020094141A1 PCT/CN2019/116904 CN2019116904W WO2020094141A1 WO 2020094141 A1 WO2020094141 A1 WO 2020094141A1 CN 2019116904 W CN2019116904 W CN 2019116904W WO 2020094141 A1 WO2020094141 A1 WO 2020094141A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
construction waste
partition
separation
conveying
equipment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/116904
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱兴良
Original Assignee
毛雪梅
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2020094141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020094141A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B07B4/025Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall the material being slingered or fled out horizontally before falling, e.g. by dispersing elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/02Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06Feeding or discharging arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/01Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using gravity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/58Construction or demolition [C&D] waste

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste sorting system.
  • Construction waste usually includes concrete blocks and gravel blocks , Bricks and tiles, heavy steel and other heavy waste, including decorative gypsum board, wallpaper, plastic, cloth and other light waste, mixing all kinds of waste brings a lot of inconvenience to waste disposal and reuse.
  • manual sorting, water separation and air separation are mostly used for the sorting of construction waste.
  • manual sorting is accurate, it is time-consuming, labor-intensive and efficient. Very low and high labor cost; water separation is based on the specific gravity of the material.
  • the separation effect is good, but it will produce a large amount of sewage, and a large amount of capital and energy will be required to treat the sewage afterwards.
  • the present invention provides a construction waste sorting system, which uses wind separation to sort construction waste to avoid secondary pollution, and is equipped with screening equipment after the wind separation equipment to achieve Effective separation of construction waste of different particle sizes, through the cooperation of air separation equipment and screening equipment to improve the separation effect and separation speed of construction waste, the air separation equipment is equipped with a material throwing mechanism, which is conducive to the effective construction of light construction waste Improve the sorting effect.
  • a construction waste sorting system characterized in that it includes a crushing device for crushing construction waste, an air separation device for sorting the crushed construction waste, and a sieve for the air separation of construction waste
  • the screening equipment, the crushing equipment, the air separation equipment, and the screening equipment are arranged in sequence and connected by the conveying equipment.
  • the air separation equipment includes a conveying construction waste transportation department and sorts the construction waste during the construction waste transportation process
  • the sorting section includes a throwing mechanism for throwing up construction waste and a wind supply mechanism for blowing construction waste. The above settings can ensure the separation effect. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with large specific gravity will be mixed together, and then through the screening equipment, construction waste with different particle sizes can be processed.
  • the air separation equipment includes a conveying section and a sorting section.
  • the conveying section and the sorting section are effectively combined to achieve effective sorting during the construction waste transportation process and improve the sorting efficiency. And reduce the conveying equipment, streamline the construction waste disposal equipment, energy saving and environmental protection; the sorting department's material throwing mechanism and air supply mechanism will work together on construction waste. After the construction waste is thrown away, the gap between different construction wastes is loosely separated.
  • the conveying part of the air separation equipment includes a conveyor belt carrying garbage and a driving wheel driving the conveyor belt.
  • the driving wheel is rotatably installed on the frame, and the conveyor belt is tensioned on the driving wheel and equipped with The material end and the discharge end; the throwing mechanism is provided below the conveyor belt and can act on the conveyor belt to throw away construction waste on the conveyor belt, and the air supply mechanism includes a seal that buckles the cover above the conveyor belt A hood and an air inlet duct provided on the sealing hood, and a built-in fan is provided in the air inlet duct.
  • the above settings can complete the separation of different quality garbage during the transportation of garbage.
  • the material throwing mechanism and the air supply mechanism of the sorting department will work together on the garbage. After the garbage is thrown away It makes the gap between different garbage in a loosely separated state, which is convenient for wind, avoids the garbage squeezed together when it is still, cannot be fully subjected to wind, and cannot achieve the separation effect, and the garbage is thrown and dropped in the process of
  • the garbage of different qualities mixed together can be preliminarily separated, which further provides favorable conditions for the garbage to be sorted by the wind, so as to make the separation more adequate;
  • a sealing cover is provided above the conveyor belt, and an air inlet pipe is opened on the sealing cover, and the wind source passes through the inlet
  • the air duct sends air into the sealing hood and blows the garbage, so that the speed difference of different quality garbage forms different motion trajectories to achieve the separation effect;
  • the setting of the sealing hood forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt, which is beneficial to the garbage further wind Improve the sorting effect, and all the garbage can be rest
  • the throwing mechanism includes a plurality of idler mounting brackets erected on both sides of the conveyor belt.
  • the idler mounting brackets are all equipped with idler rollers, and the idler rollers are located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt, and It is arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, and a jack is vertically arranged under the supporting roller mounting frame. The jack can move up and down under the action of the power mechanism and drive the supporting roller mounting frame to move up and down.
  • the ejector rod drives the supporting roller mounting frame to move up and down, and the garbage on the conveyor belt can be thrown up.
  • the throwing mechanism makes full use of the inherent components of the conventional conveying mechanism such as idler and idler mounting frame, so that they have the function of supporting and throwing at the same time, so that the structure of the mechanism is simpler and more compact, functional, practical, and adaptable It has stronger performance, and it can realize the material throwing by modifying the existing conveying mechanism, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.
  • the rack is provided with an external fan on the side of the discharge end, and the external fan is covered with a wind hood, and the front end of the wind hood has a wind nozzle.
  • the external fan can make the garbage receive wind again when it drops from the discharge port to improve the sorting effect.
  • the front end of the wind hood is integrated with a flat mouth shaped wind nozzle, the width of the wind nozzle is consistent with the width of the discharge port, and the height of the wind nozzle Below the discharge port, the above setting wind force is more concentrated, and the falling garbage can be evenly subjected to the wind, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieves a better separation effect.
  • a material collecting device is further provided below the discharge end, and the material collecting device includes an installation base frame and a partition plate, and a slide rail is arranged on the installation base frame, and a plurality of pieces matched with the slide rail are arranged in the slide rail
  • the partition board is slidably installed on the installation chassis through the slider, and the sliding direction of the partition board is consistent with the discharge direction of the construction waste.
  • the above settings can adjust the baffle to a suitable position according to the specific conditions of construction waste type, conveyor belt speed, wind speed, etc., to better sort and collect construction waste, to avoid the construction of the separation after inappropriate partition spacing The rubbish is mixed again.
  • the partition plate is rotatably hinged on the slider, and the installation angle of the partition plate is adjustable and can be locked by the positioning device.
  • the baffle is rotatably hinged on the slider, and the installation angle of the baffle can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to adjust the spacing of the upper end of the baffle without changing the spacing of the lower end of the baffle, thereby forming garbage inlets with different widths Cooperate with the sorted garbage, and the spacing of the lower end of the partition plate is unchanged, which is convenient for setting up a conveyor belt, so as to transport the sorted different garbage to the screening equipment.
  • a conveying device for conveying the sorted construction waste to the screening device is provided between the partitions.
  • the above settings can reduce the number of construction waste transfer transportation, streamline the transportation equipment, and improve the separation efficiency.
  • a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation and decontamination of construction waste is provided between the crushing equipment and the air separation equipment, the magnetic separation device is provided on the conveying equipment, and the construction waste is transported from the crushing equipment to the air separation In the process of the equipment, magnetic separation and impurity removal are completed.
  • Magnetic separation is beneficial to wind separation and screening of construction waste, and the magnetic separation device is directly installed on the conveying equipment.
  • the separation equipment and the conveying equipment are effectively combined, and the magnetic separation is completed during the construction waste transportation process. Eliminate impurities, improve the sorting efficiency, reduce the conveying equipment, and simplify the equipment of the sorting system.
  • the magnetic separation device is provided on a magnetic separation conveyor
  • the magnetic separation conveyor includes a frame, a driving roller and a magnetic separation roller are installed at both ends of the frame, and a conveyance is tensioned between the driving roller and the magnetic separation roller Belt, the driving roller is located at the feeding end of the conveyor belt, and the magnetic separation roller is located at the discharging end of the conveyor belt.
  • the aggregate device includes 4 partitions, from left to right are the first partition, the second partition, the third partition, the fourth partition, the first partition and the second partition
  • a heavy-weight aggregate area is formed between the second separator and the third separator
  • a medium-weight aggregate area is formed between the third separator and the fourth separator.
  • a light-weight aggregate area is formed between the third separator and the fourth separator.
  • the feed end of the second belt conveyor receives the wind-separated intermediate material and conveys the intermediate material to the
  • the second vibrating screen below the discharge end of the second belt conveyor is used for screening; a third belt conveyor is provided between the third separator and the fourth separator, and the inlet end of the third belt conveyor is directly accepted by air separation
  • the light material is transported to the third vibrating screen located below the discharge end of the third belt conveyor for screening.
  • the above settings can ensure the separation effect. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with large specific gravity will be mixed together, and then through the screening equipment, construction waste with different particle sizes can be processed. Effective separation to improve the accuracy of sorting.
  • Air separation equipment sorts construction waste according to weight.
  • Vibration screen sorts construction waste according to particle size.
  • the effective separation of air separation equipment and vibration screen completes the separation of construction waste
  • the quality and speed of sorting and sorting can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device and the belt conveyor, the wind-selected construction waste will quickly and efficiently enter the vibrating screen for screening, the equipment is connected in front and back, and the logistics operation is efficient and smooth , Significantly improve the sorting efficiency of construction waste.
  • a secondary air separation device is further arranged behind the screening device to re-air separate the construction waste with different particle sizes after screening. Air separation again improves the sorting accuracy of construction waste and is beneficial to the treatment and reuse of construction waste.
  • the first-stage crushing equipment includes a multi-stage crushing jaw crusher.
  • the multi-stage crushing jaw crusher includes two crushing chambers, a side crushing chamber and a bottom crushing chamber.
  • the side crushing chamber and the bottom crushing chamber are in phase. It is conductive and has a double-crank rocker mechanism, which can crush construction waste in multiple stages.
  • the use of multi-stage crushing jaw crusher can reduce the setting of crushing equipment, and one crushing equipment can perform multi-stage crushing of construction waste to meet the requirements of crushing particle size, energy saving and environmental protection.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects
  • the sorting equipment uses wind force to sort the construction waste, avoiding the generation of sewage, and the sorting equipment is covered with a sealed cover to reduce dust pollution and noise pollution.
  • the air separation equipment includes the air supply mechanism and the material throwing mechanism. Through the combined action of the air supply and the material throwing, the separation effect of construction waste is better, which is beneficial to the reuse of construction waste, environmental protection and energy saving.
  • the separation equipment and magnetic separation equipment are effectively combined with the conveying equipment, and the air separation and magnetic separation are completed during the construction waste transportation process, which greatly improves the construction waste separation efficiency, reduces the transportation equipment and the number of transportation, and simplifies With the equipment of the sorting system, energy saving and emission reduction reduce the floor space.
  • the air separation is based on the quality of construction waste, and then the construction equipment of different particle sizes can be effectively separated by the screening equipment to improve the accuracy of the separation and benefit the construction waste. Reuse, environmental protection and energy saving.
  • the baffle of the collecting device is set in an adjustable state.
  • the above settings can adjust the baffle to a suitable position according to the specific conditions of construction waste type, conveyor belt speed, wind speed, etc., so as to better sort and collect construction waste
  • the construction waste after sorting is mixed together, and by adjusting the installation angle of the partition, garbage inlets with different widths can be formed to match the sorted garbage.
  • the spacing at the lower end of the partition It is easy to set up the conveyor belt to transport the garbage of different qualities to the screening equipment after sorting, improve the coordination and operation continuity of each equipment in the sorting system, and improve the sorting efficiency.
  • the air separation equipment and magnetic separation equipment of the present invention make full use of the existing components of the conveying equipment, improve the practicability and adaptability of the sorting equipment, can directly modify and assemble the existing conveying equipment, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a throwing mechanism of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a roller mounting frame and a cam of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a partition installation method in the aggregate device of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air separation device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting roller mounting frame and the hydraulic cylinder of the air separation equipment in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 11. Side crushing cavity; 12. Bottom crushing cavity; 13. First crank rocker mechanism; 14. Second crank rocker mechanism; 15. Guide hopper; 2 .Wind separation equipment; 21. Conveyor belt; 211. Driving wheel; 212. Passive wheel; 22. External fan; 221. Air hood; 222. Air nozzle; 23. Feed bin; 24. Sealing hood; Air duct; 251. Built-in fan; 26. Roller mounting bracket; 261. Roller; 262. Mounting beam; 263. Correction rod; 264. Bottom beam; 265. Buffer spring; 266. Limit base; 27. Top Rod; 28. cam; 281. first arc wall; 282. second arc wall; 283. driving gear; 284. passive gear; 285. transmission chain; 286.
  • Embodiment 1 referring to FIGS. 1-6, this embodiment discloses a construction waste sorting system, which includes crushing equipment, air separation equipment 2, and screening equipment, and is connected by a conveying equipment.
  • crushing equipment There are many crushing equipment in this embodiment -Level crushing jaw crusher 1, the screening equipment is a vibrating screen, and the conveying equipment is a belt conveyor.
  • a multi-level crushing jaw crusher 1, a magnetic separation conveyor 4, an air separation equipment 2, a belt Conveyor, vibrating screen, multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 outlet through the hopper 15 extends to the top of the magnetic separator conveyor 4, the output end of the magnetic separator conveyor 4 is located in the air separation equipment 2 feed Above the bunker 23, a first belt conveyor 51, a second belt conveyor 52, a third belt conveyor 53 are installed between the partitions of the collecting device 6 of the air separation equipment 2 respectively, and the feeding end of the belt conveyor Located between the partitions, the discharge end of the first belt conveyor 51 is located above the inlet of the first vibrating screen 31, and the discharge end of the second belt conveyor 52 is located above the inlet of the second vibrating screen 32, The discharge end of the third belt conveyor 53 is located above the feed opening of the third vibrating screen 33 Fang, the above constitutes the entire construction waste sorting system, and each equipment closely cooperates to complete the sorting of construction waste.
  • the multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 includes two crushing chambers, a side crushing chamber 11 and a bottom crushing chamber 12, the side crushing chamber 11 and the bottom crushing chamber 12 communicate with each other, and is provided with a first crank rocker mechanism 13 and a second Rocker mechanism 14, multi-stage crushing can be achieved by using one crusher, no need to install multiple crushers for multi-stage crushing of construction waste, streamline the crushing equipment, improve construction waste sorting efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction, multi-stage
  • the crushing mechanism of the crushing jaw crusher 1 can be found in the Chinese invention previously applied by the inventor, the application number is CN201110336940.4, and the name of the invention is: a single-machine crushing production line; multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 and air separation equipment 2 There is a magnetic separation conveyor 4 for magnetic separation and decontamination of construction waste.
  • the magnetic separation conveyor 4 includes a frame 7.
  • a drive roller 41 and a magnetic separation roller 42 are installed at both ends of the frame 7.
  • the drive roller 41 and the magnetic There is a conveyor belt 21 tensioned between the selection rollers 42, the drive roller 41 is located at the feed end of the conveyor belt 21, the magnetic separation roller 42 is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 21, and the drive roller 41 is in drive connection with a drive motor.
  • the magnetic separator roller 42 serves as a driven roller in the driving roller 41 When driven to rotate, a permanent magnet is installed inside the magnetic separation roller 42, and a metal collection box 43 is provided below the magnetic separation roller 42.
  • the above settings effectively combine the magnetic separation device and the belt conveyor.
  • the structure is simple and the operation is reliable.
  • the magnetic separation and impurity removal are completed during the construction waste transportation process, which improves the separation efficiency, reduces the transportation equipment, and simplifies. With the equipment of the sorting system, the magnetic separation is helpful for air separation of construction waste.
  • the air separation equipment 2 includes a feed bin 23, a sorting section, a conveying section, a collecting device 6 and a rack 7.
  • the conveying section includes a conveyor belt 21 carrying garbage and a driving wheel that drives the conveyor belt 21 to operate.
  • the conveyor belt 21 is provided with a feeding end and a discharging end and is tensioned on two driving wheels.
  • the driving wheels are rotatably installed at both ends of the frame 7, the driving wheel 211 is installed at the discharging end, and the passive wheel 212 is installed At the feed end, the driving wheel 211 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and rotates under the drive of the motor to drive the conveyor belt to transport garbage.
  • the feed bin 23 is a funnel shaped up and down, and is provided at the feed end. Below, the collecting device 6 is located near the discharge end and is located below the discharge end.
  • the sorting section includes a throwing mechanism and an air supply mechanism.
  • the air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 24 that buckles the cover above the conveyor belt 21, and air inlet ducts 25 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sealing cover 24.
  • a built-in fan 251 is installed.
  • the air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 24 buckled over the conveyor belt 21, and air inlet ducts 25 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sealing cover 24.
  • a built-in fan 251 is installed in the air inlet duct 25.
  • the air inlet duct 25 is installed obliquely on the sealing cover 24, and the inclination angle is 45 degrees.
  • the above setting can make the garbage not only receive upward force but also forward force when the wind is received, which is conducive to the separation of garbage And transportation, improve the separation and transportation efficiency; the cross-section of the air inlet pipe 25 gradually decreases along the air inlet direction, this setting can make the wind more concentrated, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieve a better separation effect ;
  • Machine on both sides of conveyor belt 21 7 The upper surface is provided with a chute.
  • the lower edge of the sealing cover 24 is fixedly installed with a pulley that cooperates with the chute.
  • the sealing cover 24 is slidably installed on the frame 7 through the pulley.
  • the sealing cover 24 adopts this installation method to facilitate Open the sealing cover 24 to maintain the equipment;
  • the inner wall of the sealing cover 24 is symmetrically installed with a baffle, the baffle is located above the pulley, the width of the baffle is the same as the installation gap of the sealing cover 24 and the frame 7, the baffle is provided
  • the plate is to block the installation gap between the sealing cover 24 and the frame 7 to further improve the sealing performance of the sealing cover 24, and the baffle is provided above the pulley to be able to accept scattered garbage and avoid the garbage falling on the chute and pulley to affect They cooperate, and the scattered garbage is easier to clean up;
  • the sealing cover 24 is provided with a feeding port above the feeding end, and a feeding bin 23 is installed on the feeding port, and the sealing cover 24 is provided with a discharging port at the discharging end.
  • the feed bin 23 enters the sealing cover 24 and falls to the conveying belt of the conveyor belt 21, and then discharges from the discharge port.
  • the installation of the sealing cover 24 forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt 21, which is beneficial to the garbage to further improve the separation effect by the wind, and can restrain the garbage in the sealing cover 24, to avoid the garbage thrown up and scattered around after the wind, Reduce dust pollution and noise pollution.
  • the throwing mechanism and the air supply mechanism will work together on the garbage. After the garbage is thrown, the gap between different garbage is loosely separated, which is convenient for the wind and avoids the garbage at a static state. Mixed and squeezed together, the wind cannot be fully received, and the separation effect cannot be achieved.
  • the garbage of different qualities mixed together can be preliminarily separated, which provides further advantages for the separation of garbage by wind Conditions to make sorting more adequate.
  • the throwing mechanism includes a plurality of idler mounting brackets 26 erected on the racks 7 on both sides of the conveyor belt 21.
  • the spacing between the mounting brackets at the feed end is small to improve
  • the supporting roller mounting frame 26 is equipped with supporting rollers 261
  • the supporting roller 261 is located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 21, and is arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21, the supporting roller mounting frame 26 is a belt
  • the conventional roller mounting frame 26 used on the conveyor includes two mounting beams 262 arranged longitudinally, the mounting beams 262 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 21, the bottom of the mounting beam 262 is connected by a bottom beam 264, the rollers 261 is installed between the two installation beams 262, and the upper end of the installation beam 262 is installed with a deflection correction rod 263 to prevent the conveyor belt 21 from shifting.
  • the deflection correction rods 263 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 21. The deflection occurs when the supporting roller 261 acts upwards, so as to ensure the normal operation of the conveyor belt 21 and the material throwing effect.
  • the deviation correction rod 263 is a cylinder to reduce the wear on the conveyor belt 21.
  • the jack 27 can drive the roller mounting frame 26 to move upward, and the garbage on the conveyor belt 21 can be realized.
  • the throwing mechanism in this embodiment makes full use of the inherent components of the conventional conveying mechanism, such as the idler 261 and idler mounting frame 26, so that they have the functions of supporting and ejecting at the same time, thereby making the structure of the mechanism simpler and more compact , The function, practicability and adaptability are stronger, and the existing conveying mechanism can be transformed to realize material throwing, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.
  • the frame 7 on both sides of the conveyor belt 21 is symmetrically welded with a limit base 266.
  • a limit base 266 there are 7 sets of limit bases 266.
  • Each idler mounting frame 26 is limited to one set of limit bases 266.
  • the setting of the limit base 266 is to ensure that the supporting roller mounting frame 26 can only move up and down to realize the material throwing, avoid its movement back and forth or left and right on the rack 7, affect its material throwing and supporting effect, and make full use of the kinetic energy provided by the power mechanism Carry out effective throwing, and can firmly support the conveyor belt 21 and the garbage on the conveyor belt 21 on the support;
  • the bottom end surface of the installation beam 262 is provided with a buffer, in this embodiment, a buffer spring 265 is used as a buffer, The arrangement of the buffer spring 265 can effectively reduce the impact force generated on the frame 7 when the idler mounting frame 26 falls, thereby prolonging the service life of the device and reducing noise.
  • the power mechanism includes a cam 28 located below the jack 27.
  • the cam 28 is fixed to the first end of the power input shaft 286, and the second end of the power input shaft 286 is connected to the motor through a transmission device.
  • the cam 28 includes a first arc wall 281 and a second arc wall 282, the first arc wall 281 and the second arc wall 282 are connected by a tangent line, and the first arc wall 281 abuts against the top of the jack 27 At the lower end, the jack 27 is lifted up and drives the roller mounting bracket 26 to move upward.
  • the transmission device includes solid
  • the driving gear 283 provided on the output shaft of the second motor, the transmission chain 285 meshing with the driving gear 283, and also includes a passive gear 284 fixed on the second end of the power input shaft 286. In this embodiment, there are seven passive gears 284.
  • the passive gear 284 also meshes with the drive chain 285. Through the cooperation of the drive gear 283, the passive gear 284 and the drive chain 285, one motor can drive all the cams 28 to run, saving energy And easy to control and maintain.
  • An external fan 22 is installed on the rack 7 at the discharge end.
  • the external fan 22 can make the garbage receive the wind again when it falls from the discharge port to improve the separation effect.
  • the external fan 22 is covered with a wind hood 221.
  • the front end of the cover 221 is integrally formed with a flat-nozzle-shaped air nozzle 222, the width of the air nozzle 222 is the same as the width of the discharge port, the height of the air nozzle 222 is lower than the discharge port, the above setting wind force is more concentrated, and can be dropped
  • the garbage is evenly affected by the wind, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieves a better separation effect.
  • the collecting device 6 includes a mounting base 65, which is a rectangular frame structure and is welded by four supporting rods.
  • the mounting base 65 is fixed to the ground to effectively support the partition plates, which are parallel to each other.
  • the upper surface of the two support rods is provided with a slideway, and a plurality of sliders 66 matched with the slideway are installed in the slideway.
  • the above settings can adjust the partition to the specific conditions of the type of construction waste, the conveyor belt 21 conveyor speed, wind speed, etc. Appropriate location, to better sort and collect construction waste, to avoid the inappropriate setting of the spacing of the partitions, which will cause the sorted construction waste to be mixed together again.
  • the slider 66 includes a sliding part and a mounting part.
  • the sliding part is embedded in the slideway for sliding.
  • the mounting part is hinged with a partition plate, and a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the mounting part.
  • the partition plate The lower part is fixedly welded with a mounting shaft 663, and the mounting shaft 663 is hinged in the mounting hole. Both the mounting hole and the periphery of the mounting shaft 663 are provided with matching adjustment holes 661, and the positioning holes for positioning the partition are inserted into the adjustment holes 661.
  • the baffle plate is rotatably hinged on the slider 66, and the installation angle of the baffle plate can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to realize the adjustment of the top plate spacing without changing the bottom plate spacing, thereby forming different widths
  • the garbage inlet is used to match the sorted garbage, and the distance between the lower ends of the partitions is unchanged. It is convenient to set up a belt conveyor to transport the sorted different garbage to the screening equipment.
  • the four partitions of the aggregate device 6 are, from left to right, a first partition 61, a second partition 62, a third partition 63, a fourth partition 64, a first partition 61, and a second partition 62
  • a heavy-weight aggregate area is formed between the second separator 62 and the third separator 63
  • a medium-weight aggregate area is formed
  • a third separator 63 and a fourth separator 64 form a light-weight aggregate area.
  • a first belt conveyor 51 is provided between a partition 61 and a second partition 62.
  • the feed end of the first belt conveyor 51 directly receives the heavy material after air separation, and transports the heavy material to the first
  • the first vibrating screen 31 below the discharge end of the belt conveyor 51 performs screening;
  • a second belt conveyor 52 is provided between the second separator 62 and the third separator 63, and the feeding end of the second belt conveyor 52 is directly Undertake the wind-separated intermediate material, and transfer the intermediate material to the second vibrating screen 32 located below the discharge end of the second belt conveyor 52 for screening;
  • a third separator 63 and a fourth separator 64 are provided between The third belt conveyor 53, the feed end of the third belt conveyor 53 directly receives the light material after air separation, and conveys the light material to the output end of the third belt conveyor 53
  • the third vibrating screen 33 is used for screening; the above settings can ensure the separation effect.
  • the construction waste after the wind separation, the construction waste with a small specific gravity and the construction waste with a small specific volume will be mixed together, and then pass through the screening equipment It can effectively separate the construction waste of different particle sizes to improve the accuracy of sorting.
  • the air separation equipment 2 sorts the construction waste according to the weight, and the vibrating screen sorts the construction waste according to the particle size.
  • the air separation equipment 2 and The effective coordination of the vibrating screen completes the sorting of construction waste, and the sorting quality and sorting speed can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device 6 and the belt conveyor, the wind-selected construction waste will enter quickly and efficiently
  • the vibrating screen is used for screening, the equipment is connected in one go, the logistics operation is efficient and smooth, and the separation efficiency of construction waste is greatly improved.
  • the working principle of the construction waste sorting system disclosed in this embodiment is that the garbage enters the multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 by the conveyor belt 21 for crushing.
  • the multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 has multi-stage crushing capacity, and the construction waste is crushed After that, the discharge port of the multi-stage crusher-to-jaw crusher 1 falls to the feed end of the magnetic separation conveyor 4 through the hopper 15 and the construction waste is transported to the magnetic separation conveyor 4 by the magnetic separation conveyor 4 At the discharge end, construction waste made of metal cannot be rid of the magnetic force of the magnetic separator roller 42 due to the magnetic force of the magnetic separator roller 42 and continues to follow the belt of the magnetic separator conveyor 4 until it leaves the magnetic force range of the magnetic separator roller 42 and falls to the metal collection Box 43; construction waste of other non-metallic materials is dropped from the discharge end of the magnetic separation conveyor 4 into the feed bin 23 of the air separation equipment 2, and the construction waste enters the sealed cover 24 from the feed bin 23 and falls in At the feed end of the conveyor belt 21, the conveyor belt drives the construction waste to the discharge end
  • the second motor drives the driving gear 283 to run, and the driving gear 283 passes through the transmission chain 285 Drive belt
  • the driven gear 284 runs, and the driven gear 284 drives the cam 28 through the power input shaft 286.
  • the jack 27 is lifted up and drives the roller mounting bracket 26 moves upward, so that the supporting roller 261 moves upward to act on the conveyor belt 21 and throws up the garbage on the conveyor belt 21,
  • the second arc wall 282 abuts the lower end of the ejector rod 27, the ejector rod 27 is on the supporting roller mounting frame 26 to return to the original position under the action of gravity, garbage in the process of throwing and falling due to different mass gravity, different falling speed and movement trajectory, garbage will be initially separated, garbage will also be built in during transportation and throwing
  • the wind of the fan 251 is blown on three sides of the sealed cover 24 at three intervals, so the garbage is continuously subjected to wind during the entire transportation process,
  • the garbage When the garbage is delivered to the discharge port, it is thrown and Under the common effect of blowing, different quality wastes have been distributed in different areas and levels, and different weights of wastes have different speeds. When the wastes fall from the discharge port, they will form different trajectories to achieve separation, transportation, and disposal.
  • the material and air supply are carried out in the sealed cover 24, and the garbage is confined in the sealed cover 24 to prevent the garbage from being thrown up and scattered around the wind, reducing dust pollution and noise pollution, and the sealing cover 24 forming an air duct can further improve Due to the wind effect, when the garbage falls from the discharge port, it is blown by the external fan 22 again, so that the separation effect is better.
  • the separator of the collecting device 6 is adjusted to an appropriate position according to the discharge path of the garbage, so that the separation After the garbage can be accurately dropped into the designated collection area, to avoid the separation of the garbage after the material is mixed again; the heavy material after the wind separation falls between the first partition 61 and the second partition 62
  • the formed heavy material collecting area directly falls on the feeding end of the first belt conveyor 51, and the first belt conveyor 51 conveys the heavy material to the first vibrating screen located below the outlet end of the first belt conveyor 51 31 conducted After the air separation, the light material falls in the light material collection area formed between the third separator 63 and the fourth separator 64, and directly falls on the feeding end of the third belt conveyor 53, the third belt
  • the conveyor 53 conveys the light material to the third vibrating screen 33 located below the discharge end of the third belt conveyor 53 for screening.
  • the intermediate material with a mass between the heavy material and the light material falls in the second compartment
  • the intermediate material collection area formed between the plate 62 and the third partition plate 63 falls directly on the feeding end of the second belt conveyor 52, and the second belt conveyor 52 conveys the intermediate material to the second belt conveyor 52.
  • the second vibrating screen 32 below the discharge end is used for screening.
  • the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with small specific gravity will be mixed together.
  • the construction waste of particle size is effectively separated to improve the accuracy of sorting.
  • the air separation equipment 2 sorts the construction waste according to the weight, and the vibrating screen sorts the construction waste according to the particle size.
  • the air separation equipment 2 and the vibrating screen Effectively cooperate to complete the sorting of construction waste, sorting quality and speed Both can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device 6 and the belt conveyor, the air-selected construction waste will quickly and efficiently enter the vibrating screen for screening. Sorting efficiency.
  • the second embodiment referring to FIGS. 6-9, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the power mechanism of the ejection mechanism of the air separation device 2 is a hydraulic cylinder 29, and the piston rod 291 of the hydraulic cylinder 29 abuts on the jack 27 At the lower end, during the transportation of construction waste, the hydraulic cylinder 29 works, and the piston rod 291 of the hydraulic cylinder 29 acts on the jack 27.
  • the jack 27 drives the roller mounting frame 26 to move up and down, so that the roller 261 moves up and down and acts on
  • the conveyor belt 21 throws up the garbage on the conveyor belt 21, the piston rod 291 expands and contracts, and the top rod 27 rises or moves downward to make the conveyor belt 21 vibrate to realize the throwing.
  • a fourth belt conveyor 54 is added to the rear of the second vibrating screen 32.
  • the feed end of the fourth belt conveyor 54 is located below the discharge port of the second vibrating screen 32, and conveys the screened intermediate material through the screen.
  • secondary air separation equipment 8 for re-air separation because the intermediate material is between heavy material and light material, there are many types of mixed construction waste. After the intermediate material is sieved, the volume of the screened material is smaller and the quality is lighter , Another air separation can achieve a good separation effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A construction waste separation system comprises a crushing device, a winnowing device (2), and a screening device for screening winnowed construction waste. The crushing device, the winnowing device (2), and the screening device are sequentially disposed, and are connected to each other by means of a conveying device. The winnowing device (2) comprises a conveying portion for conveying construction waste and a separation portion for separating the construction waste during conveying of the construction waste. The separation portion comprises a material throwing mechanism for throwing the construction waste and a blowing mechanism for blowing the construction waste. The construction waste separation system separates the construction waste by means of winnowing, thereby avoiding secondary pollution. In addition, the screening device is provided behind the winnowing device (2), thereby effectively separating construction waste having different particle sizes. The separation effect and separation speed of construction waste are improved by means of cooperation between the winnowing device (2) and the screening device. The material throwing mechanism is provided on the winnowing device (2), such that light construction waste is easily blown, thereby further improving the separation effect.

Description

一种建筑垃圾分选系统Building garbage sorting system 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于垃圾处理技术领域,涉及建筑垃圾处理技术领域,特别涉及一种建筑垃圾分选系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste sorting system.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国城镇化速度的加快,城镇改造过程中伴随着大量的建筑物拆迁拆除,从而产生大量的建筑垃圾,若处理不当会造成环境污染和资源浪费,建筑垃圾通常包括混凝土块、碎石块、砖瓦碎块、钢筋等重质垃圾,还包括装潢使用的石膏板、墙纸、塑料、布艺等轻质垃圾,各种垃圾混合在一起对垃圾处理和再利用带来诸多不便。为对建筑垃圾进行充分再利用,需要对垃圾进行分选,目前对建筑垃圾的分选方式多采用人工分拣、水选和风选,人工分拣虽然分拣精确,但是耗时耗力,效率极低且人工成本高;水选是根据物料的比重进行分选,借助水的浮力,比重低的浮于水面,比重大的沉入水中的输送带上分离出去从而实现分选,水选虽然分离效果较好,但是会产生大量污水,后续需投入大量资金和精力对污水进行处理,压缩后的泥饼由于添加了药剂无法再进行利用,对环境造成污染并浪费资源,违背环保理念,并且水选过程中,跟水的比重相当的物料会悬浮于水中,无法进行有效的分离,还有一些吸水材质的垃圾也无法准确分离;风选是利用风力对轻质物料和重质物料进行分离,利用轻质物料和重质物料在风力作用下移动速度和运动轨迹不同实现分离,不会产生污水造成二次污染,但是由于风选是根据物料的质量进行分选的,分选后比重小体积大的物料和比重大体积小的物料经常混合在一起,无法进行有效分离,且建筑垃圾经破碎后,轻质物料和重质物料是夹杂在一起的,重质物料经常会阻碍轻质物料的移动,所以单独依靠风力进行分选,分选效果并不理想;无论是采用水选还是风选,现有的分选系统输送设备和分选设备都是分开独立运行的,需配备大量输送设备进行配合,设备制造成本和运行成本高, 设备占地面积大。With the acceleration of urbanization in China, a large amount of building demolition is accompanied by a large number of building demolition in the process of urban transformation. If not handled properly, it will cause environmental pollution and waste of resources. Construction waste usually includes concrete blocks and gravel blocks , Bricks and tiles, heavy steel and other heavy waste, including decorative gypsum board, wallpaper, plastic, cloth and other light waste, mixing all kinds of waste brings a lot of inconvenience to waste disposal and reuse. In order to fully reuse construction waste, it is necessary to sort the waste. At present, manual sorting, water separation and air separation are mostly used for the sorting of construction waste. Although manual sorting is accurate, it is time-consuming, labor-intensive and efficient. Very low and high labor cost; water separation is based on the specific gravity of the material. With the help of the buoyancy of the water, the low specific gravity floats on the surface of the water, and the specific gravity of the submerged conveyor belt is separated to achieve the separation. The separation effect is good, but it will produce a large amount of sewage, and a large amount of capital and energy will be required to treat the sewage afterwards. The compressed mud cake cannot be reused due to the addition of chemicals, causing pollution to the environment and wasting resources, which violates the environmental protection concept, and In the process of water separation, materials with a specific gravity equivalent to water will be suspended in the water and cannot be effectively separated, and some garbage of water-absorbing materials cannot be accurately separated; air separation is the use of wind to separate light and heavy materials , The use of light materials and heavy materials under the action of wind movement speed and different trajectory to achieve separation, will not cause sewage Secondary pollution, but because air separation is sorted according to the quality of the materials, materials with small specific gravity and materials with large specific gravity are often mixed together after sorting, which cannot be effectively separated, and after construction waste is crushed, Light materials and heavy materials are mixed together, and heavy materials often hinder the movement of light materials, so the separation effect depends on the wind alone, and the separation effect is not ideal; whether it is water separation or air separation, it is now In some sorting systems, the conveying equipment and the sorting equipment operate separately and independently, and a large number of conveying equipment are required to cooperate. The equipment manufacturing cost and operating cost are high, and the equipment covers a large area.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明针对以上建筑垃圾分选过程出现的技术问题,提供一种建筑垃圾分选系统,利用风选对建筑垃圾进行分选,避免二次污染,且在风选设备后配备筛分设备,实现不同粒径建筑垃圾的有效分离,通过风选设备和筛分设备的配合提高建筑垃圾的分选效果和分选速度,风选设备上设置有抛料机构,利于轻质建筑垃圾有效受风进一步提高分选效果。In view of the above technical problems in the construction waste sorting process, the present invention provides a construction waste sorting system, which uses wind separation to sort construction waste to avoid secondary pollution, and is equipped with screening equipment after the wind separation equipment to achieve Effective separation of construction waste of different particle sizes, through the cooperation of air separation equipment and screening equipment to improve the separation effect and separation speed of construction waste, the air separation equipment is equipped with a material throwing mechanism, which is conducive to the effective construction of light construction waste Improve the sorting effect.
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现:The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,包括用于将建筑垃圾破碎的破碎设备,用于将破碎后的建筑垃圾进行分选的风选设备,以及对风选后的建筑垃圾进行筛分的筛分设备,所述破碎设备、风选设备、筛分设备依次设置,并通过输送设备连接,所述风选设备包括输送建筑垃圾输送部和在建筑垃圾输送过程中对建筑垃圾进行分选的分选部,所述分选部包括将建筑垃圾抛起的抛料机构和对建筑垃圾吹风的给风机构。以上设置可保证分选效果,经风选后的建筑垃圾,比重小体积大的建筑垃圾和比重大体积小的建筑垃圾会混合在一起,再通过筛分设备可对不同粒径的建筑垃圾进行有效分离,以提高分选准确性;且风选设备包括输送部和分选部,输送部和分选部有效结合,在建筑垃圾输送的过程即可实现有效分选,提高了分选效率,且减少输送设备,精简了建筑垃圾处理设备,节能环保;分选部的抛料机构和给风机构会共同作用于建筑垃圾,建筑垃圾被抛起后使得不同建筑垃圾之间存在间隙处于松散分离状态,便于受风,避免建筑垃圾静止状态下混合挤压在一起,无法充分受风,达不到分选效果,且垃圾在抛起和落下的过程中,夹杂在一起的不同质量垃圾得以初步分离,为垃圾受风分选进一步提供有利条件,使分选更充分。A construction waste sorting system, characterized in that it includes a crushing device for crushing construction waste, an air separation device for sorting the crushed construction waste, and a sieve for the air separation of construction waste The screening equipment, the crushing equipment, the air separation equipment, and the screening equipment are arranged in sequence and connected by the conveying equipment. The air separation equipment includes a conveying construction waste transportation department and sorts the construction waste during the construction waste transportation process The sorting section includes a throwing mechanism for throwing up construction waste and a wind supply mechanism for blowing construction waste. The above settings can ensure the separation effect. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with large specific gravity will be mixed together, and then through the screening equipment, construction waste with different particle sizes can be processed. Effective separation to improve the accuracy of sorting; and the air separation equipment includes a conveying section and a sorting section. The conveying section and the sorting section are effectively combined to achieve effective sorting during the construction waste transportation process and improve the sorting efficiency. And reduce the conveying equipment, streamline the construction waste disposal equipment, energy saving and environmental protection; the sorting department's material throwing mechanism and air supply mechanism will work together on construction waste. After the construction waste is thrown away, the gap between different construction wastes is loosely separated. State, easy to receive wind, avoid mixing and squeezing together when the construction waste is at rest, unable to fully receive the wind, and cannot achieve the separation effect, and in the process of throwing up and falling down, the different quality garbage mixed together can be preliminary Separation provides further favorable conditions for the separation of garbage by wind and makes the separation more adequate.
作为优选,所述风选设备的输送部包括运载垃圾的输送带及带动输送带运转的传动轮,传动轮可转动的安装在机架上,所述输送带张紧在传动轮上并具备进料端和出料端;所述抛料机构设置在输送带的下方,并能够 作用于输送带以将输送带上的建筑垃圾抛起,所述给风机构包括扣罩在输送带上方的密封罩,及设置在密封罩上进风管道,所述进风管道内设置有内置风机。以上设置在对垃圾运输的过程中即能完成不同质量垃圾的分离,输送部在对垃圾输送的过程中,分选部的抛料机构和给风机构会共同作用于垃圾,垃圾被抛起后使得不同垃圾之间存在间隙处于松散分离状态,便于受风,避免垃圾静止状态下混合挤压在一起,无法充分受风,达不到分选效果,且垃圾在抛起和落下的过程中,夹杂在一起的不同质量垃圾得以初步分离,为垃圾受风分选进一步提供有利条件,使分选更充分;输送带的上方设置有密封罩,密封罩上开设有进风管道,风力源通过进风管道向密封罩内送风并吹向垃圾,使得不同质量的垃圾产生速度差形成不同运动轨迹,达到分离效果;密封罩的设置使输送带的上方形成一个密封风道,利于垃圾受风进一步提高分选效果,且可将垃圾均约束在密封罩内,避免垃圾抛起和受风后四处散落,减少粉尘污染和噪声污染。Preferably, the conveying part of the air separation equipment includes a conveyor belt carrying garbage and a driving wheel driving the conveyor belt. The driving wheel is rotatably installed on the frame, and the conveyor belt is tensioned on the driving wheel and equipped with The material end and the discharge end; the throwing mechanism is provided below the conveyor belt and can act on the conveyor belt to throw away construction waste on the conveyor belt, and the air supply mechanism includes a seal that buckles the cover above the conveyor belt A hood and an air inlet duct provided on the sealing hood, and a built-in fan is provided in the air inlet duct. The above settings can complete the separation of different quality garbage during the transportation of garbage. During the transportation of garbage by the transportation department, the material throwing mechanism and the air supply mechanism of the sorting department will work together on the garbage. After the garbage is thrown away It makes the gap between different garbage in a loosely separated state, which is convenient for wind, avoids the garbage squeezed together when it is still, cannot be fully subjected to wind, and cannot achieve the separation effect, and the garbage is thrown and dropped in the process of The garbage of different qualities mixed together can be preliminarily separated, which further provides favorable conditions for the garbage to be sorted by the wind, so as to make the separation more adequate; a sealing cover is provided above the conveyor belt, and an air inlet pipe is opened on the sealing cover, and the wind source passes through the inlet The air duct sends air into the sealing hood and blows the garbage, so that the speed difference of different quality garbage forms different motion trajectories to achieve the separation effect; the setting of the sealing hood forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt, which is beneficial to the garbage further wind Improve the sorting effect, and all the garbage can be restrained in the sealed cover, to avoid the garbage thrown up and scattered around after the wind, reduce the dust Dyeing and noise pollution.
作为优选,所述抛料机构包括多个搭设在输送带两侧机架上的托辊安装架,托辊安装架上均安装有托辊,所述托辊位于输送带输送面的下方,并垂直于输送带输送方向设置,托辊安装架的下方垂直设置有顶杆,所述顶杆在动力机构的作用下能够上下运动并带动托辊安装架上下运动。本发明通过在托辊安装架下设置顶杆,然后再利用动力机构对顶杆做功,使顶杆带动托辊安装架上下运动,便可实现将输送带上的垃圾抛起,本发明中的抛料机构充分利用了常规输送机构固有的部件如托辊和托辊安装架,使它们同时具备了支撑和抛料的功能,从而使机构的结构更简单紧凑,功能性、实用性、适配性更强,可对现有的输送机构进行改造即可实现抛料,制造成本、运行成本低。Advantageously, the throwing mechanism includes a plurality of idler mounting brackets erected on both sides of the conveyor belt. The idler mounting brackets are all equipped with idler rollers, and the idler rollers are located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt, and It is arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, and a jack is vertically arranged under the supporting roller mounting frame. The jack can move up and down under the action of the power mechanism and drive the supporting roller mounting frame to move up and down. In the present invention, by setting the ejector rod under the supporting roller mounting frame, and then using the power mechanism to perform work on the ejector rod, the ejector rod drives the supporting roller mounting frame to move up and down, and the garbage on the conveyor belt can be thrown up. The throwing mechanism makes full use of the inherent components of the conventional conveying mechanism such as idler and idler mounting frame, so that they have the function of supporting and throwing at the same time, so that the structure of the mechanism is simpler and more compact, functional, practical, and adaptable It has stronger performance, and it can realize the material throwing by modifying the existing conveying mechanism, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.
作为优选,所述机架位于出料端的一侧设置有外置风机,外置风机上套装有风罩,风罩的前端具有风嘴。外置风机能够使垃圾从出料口落下时再次受风,以提高分选效果,风罩的前端一体形成扁嘴形风嘴,风嘴的宽度与出料口的宽度一致,风嘴的高度低于出料口,以上设置风力更为集中,且能使落下的垃圾均匀受风,从而使垃圾受风效果更好,达到更好的分离 效果。Preferably, the rack is provided with an external fan on the side of the discharge end, and the external fan is covered with a wind hood, and the front end of the wind hood has a wind nozzle. The external fan can make the garbage receive wind again when it drops from the discharge port to improve the sorting effect. The front end of the wind hood is integrated with a flat mouth shaped wind nozzle, the width of the wind nozzle is consistent with the width of the discharge port, and the height of the wind nozzle Below the discharge port, the above setting wind force is more concentrated, and the falling garbage can be evenly subjected to the wind, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieves a better separation effect.
作为优选,所述出料端的下方还设置有集料装置,所述集料装置包括安装底架及隔板,安装底架上设置有滑道,滑道内设置有多块与滑道相配合的滑块,所述隔板通过滑块可滑动的安装在安装底架上,隔板的可滑动方向与建筑垃圾的出料方向一致。以上设置可根据建筑垃圾种类、输送带输送速度、风速等具体情况调节隔板到合适的位置,以更好的对建筑垃圾进行分选收集,避免隔板间距设置不合适导致分选后的建筑垃圾又混合在一起。Preferably, a material collecting device is further provided below the discharge end, and the material collecting device includes an installation base frame and a partition plate, and a slide rail is arranged on the installation base frame, and a plurality of pieces matched with the slide rail are arranged in the slide rail In the slider, the partition board is slidably installed on the installation chassis through the slider, and the sliding direction of the partition board is consistent with the discharge direction of the construction waste. The above settings can adjust the baffle to a suitable position according to the specific conditions of construction waste type, conveyor belt speed, wind speed, etc., to better sort and collect construction waste, to avoid the construction of the separation after inappropriate partition spacing The rubbish is mixed again.
作为优选,所述隔板可转动的铰接在滑块上,隔板的安装角度可调节并能够通过定位装置锁定。隔板可转动的铰接在滑块上,可根据需求调节隔板的安装角度,以在不改变隔板下端的间距的情况下,实现隔板上端间距的调整,从而形成不同宽度的垃圾入口以配合分选后的垃圾,并且隔板下端的间距不变便于设置输送带,以将分选后的不同垃圾输送至筛分设备。Preferably, the partition plate is rotatably hinged on the slider, and the installation angle of the partition plate is adjustable and can be locked by the positioning device. The baffle is rotatably hinged on the slider, and the installation angle of the baffle can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to adjust the spacing of the upper end of the baffle without changing the spacing of the lower end of the baffle, thereby forming garbage inlets with different widths Cooperate with the sorted garbage, and the spacing of the lower end of the partition plate is unchanged, which is convenient for setting up a conveyor belt, so as to transport the sorted different garbage to the screening equipment.
作为优选,所述隔板之间设置有将分选后的建筑垃圾输送至筛分设备的输送设备。以上设置可减少建筑垃圾转运输送次数,精简输送设备,提高分选效率。Preferably, a conveying device for conveying the sorted construction waste to the screening device is provided between the partitions. The above settings can reduce the number of construction waste transfer transportation, streamline the transportation equipment, and improve the separation efficiency.
作为优选,所述破碎设备和风选设备之间设置有用于对建筑垃圾进行磁选除杂的磁选装置,所述磁选装置设置在输送设备上,并在建筑垃圾从破碎设备输送至风选设备的过程中完成磁选除杂。磁选除杂利于建筑垃圾风选和筛分,且磁选装置直接设置在输送设备上,再一次将分选设备和输送设备进行了有效结合,在建筑垃圾输送的过程中即完成了磁选除杂,提高了分选效率,减少了输送设备,精简了分选系统的设备。Preferably, a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation and decontamination of construction waste is provided between the crushing equipment and the air separation equipment, the magnetic separation device is provided on the conveying equipment, and the construction waste is transported from the crushing equipment to the air separation In the process of the equipment, magnetic separation and impurity removal are completed. Magnetic separation is beneficial to wind separation and screening of construction waste, and the magnetic separation device is directly installed on the conveying equipment. Once again, the separation equipment and the conveying equipment are effectively combined, and the magnetic separation is completed during the construction waste transportation process. Eliminate impurities, improve the sorting efficiency, reduce the conveying equipment, and simplify the equipment of the sorting system.
作为优选,所述磁选装置设置在磁选输送机上,所述磁选输送机包括机架,机架两端安装有驱动辊和磁选辊,驱动辊和磁选辊之间张紧有输送带,所述驱动辊位于输送带的进料端,所述磁选辊位于输送带的出料端。以上设置将磁选装置和皮带输送机有效的结合在了一起,结构简单,运行可靠。Preferably, the magnetic separation device is provided on a magnetic separation conveyor, and the magnetic separation conveyor includes a frame, a driving roller and a magnetic separation roller are installed at both ends of the frame, and a conveyance is tensioned between the driving roller and the magnetic separation roller Belt, the driving roller is located at the feeding end of the conveyor belt, and the magnetic separation roller is located at the discharging end of the conveyor belt. The above settings effectively combine the magnetic separation device and the belt conveyor, with simple structure and reliable operation.
作为优选,所述集料装置包括4块隔板,从左至右分别为第一隔板、 第二隔板、第三隔板、第四隔板,第一隔板和第二隔板之间形成重料集料区域,第二隔板和第三隔板之间形成中料集料区域,第三隔板和第四隔板之间形成轻料集料区域,第一隔板和第二隔板之间设置有第一皮带输送机,第一皮带输送机的进料端承接经风选后的重料,并将重料输送至位于第一皮带输送机出料端下方的第一振动筛进行筛选;第二隔板和第三隔板之间设置有第二皮带输送机,第二皮带输送机的进料端承接经风选后的中料,并将中料输送至位于第二皮带输送机出料端下方的第二振动筛进行筛选;第三隔板和第四隔板之间设置有第三皮带输送机,第三皮带输送机的进料端直接承接经风选后的轻料,并将轻料输送至位于第三皮带输送机出料端下方的第三振动筛进行筛选。以上设置可保证分选效果,经风选后的建筑垃圾,比重小体积大的建筑垃圾和比重大体积小的建筑垃圾会混合在一起,再通过筛分设备可对不同粒径的建筑垃圾进行有效分离,以提高分选准确性,风选设备根据重量对建筑垃圾进行分选,振动筛根据粒径对建筑垃圾进行分选,通过风选设备和振动筛的有效配合完成对建筑垃圾的分选,分选质量和速度均可得到有效保障,且通过集料装置和皮带输送机的配合,经风选的建筑垃圾会快速高效的进入振动筛进行筛选,设备前后连接一气呵成,物流运转高效顺畅,大幅提高建筑垃圾的分选效率。Preferably, the aggregate device includes 4 partitions, from left to right are the first partition, the second partition, the third partition, the fourth partition, the first partition and the second partition A heavy-weight aggregate area is formed between the second separator and the third separator, and a medium-weight aggregate area is formed between the third separator and the fourth separator. A light-weight aggregate area is formed between the third separator and the fourth separator. There is a first belt conveyor between the two partitions. The feed end of the first belt conveyor receives the heavy material after air separation, and conveys the heavy material to the first belt conveyor below the discharge end of the first belt conveyor. Screening by vibrating screen; there is a second belt conveyor between the second separator and the third separator. The feed end of the second belt conveyor receives the wind-separated intermediate material and conveys the intermediate material to the The second vibrating screen below the discharge end of the second belt conveyor is used for screening; a third belt conveyor is provided between the third separator and the fourth separator, and the inlet end of the third belt conveyor is directly accepted by air separation The light material is transported to the third vibrating screen located below the discharge end of the third belt conveyor for screening. The above settings can ensure the separation effect. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with large specific gravity will be mixed together, and then through the screening equipment, construction waste with different particle sizes can be processed. Effective separation to improve the accuracy of sorting. Air separation equipment sorts construction waste according to weight. Vibration screen sorts construction waste according to particle size. The effective separation of air separation equipment and vibration screen completes the separation of construction waste The quality and speed of sorting and sorting can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device and the belt conveyor, the wind-selected construction waste will quickly and efficiently enter the vibrating screen for screening, the equipment is connected in front and back, and the logistics operation is efficient and smooth , Significantly improve the sorting efficiency of construction waste.
作为优选,所述筛分设备的后方还设置有二级风选设备,对筛分后不同粒径的建筑垃圾进行再次风选。再次风选提高建筑垃圾的分选准确性,利于建筑垃圾的处理和再利用。Preferably, a secondary air separation device is further arranged behind the screening device to re-air separate the construction waste with different particle sizes after screening. Air separation again improves the sorting accuracy of construction waste and is beneficial to the treatment and reuse of construction waste.
作为优选,所述一级破碎设备包括多级破碎颚式破碎机,所述多级破碎颚式破碎机包括侧部破碎腔和底部破碎腔两个破碎腔,侧部破碎腔和底部破碎腔相导通,且具备双曲柄摇杆机构,能够对建筑垃圾进行多级破碎。采用多级破碎颚式破碎机可减少破碎设备的设置,一台破碎设备即可对建筑垃圾进行多级破碎,满足破碎粒径的需求,节能环保。Preferably, the first-stage crushing equipment includes a multi-stage crushing jaw crusher. The multi-stage crushing jaw crusher includes two crushing chambers, a side crushing chamber and a bottom crushing chamber. The side crushing chamber and the bottom crushing chamber are in phase. It is conductive and has a double-crank rocker mechanism, which can crush construction waste in multiple stages. The use of multi-stage crushing jaw crusher can reduce the setting of crushing equipment, and one crushing equipment can perform multi-stage crushing of construction waste to meet the requirements of crushing particle size, energy saving and environmental protection.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects
1.本发明公开的建筑垃圾分选系统,分选设备采用风力对建筑垃圾进行分选,避免了污水的产生,且分选设备罩有密封罩,减少了粉尘污染和 噪音污染。1. In the construction waste sorting system disclosed in the present invention, the sorting equipment uses wind force to sort the construction waste, avoiding the generation of sewage, and the sorting equipment is covered with a sealed cover to reduce dust pollution and noise pollution.
2.风选设备包括给风机构和抛料机构,通过给风和抛料的共同作用,建筑垃圾的分选效果更好,利于建筑垃圾再利用,环保节能。2. The air separation equipment includes the air supply mechanism and the material throwing mechanism. Through the combined action of the air supply and the material throwing, the separation effect of construction waste is better, which is beneficial to the reuse of construction waste, environmental protection and energy saving.
3.分选设备和磁选设备均与输送设备进行了有效结合,在建筑垃圾输送的过程中即完成了风选和磁选,大幅提高建筑垃圾分选效率,减少输送设备和输送次数,精简了分选系统的设备,节能减排减小占地面积。3. The separation equipment and magnetic separation equipment are effectively combined with the conveying equipment, and the air separation and magnetic separation are completed during the construction waste transportation process, which greatly improves the construction waste separation efficiency, reduces the transportation equipment and the number of transportation, and simplifies With the equipment of the sorting system, energy saving and emission reduction reduce the floor space.
4.风选设备后面还配备有筛分设备,风选根据建筑垃圾质量进行分选,再通过筛分设备可对不同粒径的建筑垃圾进行有效分离,以提高分选准确性,利于建筑垃圾再利用,环保节能。4. There is also a screening device behind the air separation equipment. The air separation is based on the quality of construction waste, and then the construction equipment of different particle sizes can be effectively separated by the screening equipment to improve the accuracy of the separation and benefit the construction waste. Reuse, environmental protection and energy saving.
5.集料装置的隔板设置成可调节状态,以上设置可根据建筑垃圾种类、输送带输送速度、风速等具体情况调节隔板到合适的位置,以更好的对建筑垃圾进行分选收集,避免隔板间距设置不合适导致分选后的建筑垃圾又混合在一起,并且通过调节隔板的安装角度,即可形成不同宽度的垃圾入口以配合分选后的垃圾,隔板下端的间距不变便于设置输送带,以将分选后的不同质量的垃圾输送至筛分设备,提高分选系统中各设备的配合度和运转连贯性,提高分选效率。5. The baffle of the collecting device is set in an adjustable state. The above settings can adjust the baffle to a suitable position according to the specific conditions of construction waste type, conveyor belt speed, wind speed, etc., so as to better sort and collect construction waste To avoid the inappropriate setting of the partition spacing, the construction waste after sorting is mixed together, and by adjusting the installation angle of the partition, garbage inlets with different widths can be formed to match the sorted garbage. The spacing at the lower end of the partition It is easy to set up the conveyor belt to transport the garbage of different qualities to the screening equipment after sorting, improve the coordination and operation continuity of each equipment in the sorting system, and improve the sorting efficiency.
6.本发明的风选设备和磁选设备充分利用了输送设备已有构件,提高分选设备的实用性和适配性,可直接对现有输送设备进行改造装配,制造成本运行成本低。6. The air separation equipment and magnetic separation equipment of the present invention make full use of the existing components of the conveying equipment, improve the practicability and adaptability of the sorting equipment, can directly modify and assemble the existing conveying equipment, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1为本发明实施例一结构示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例一中风选设备结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例一中风选设备内部结构示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例一中风选设备抛料机构结构示意图;4 is a schematic structural view of a throwing mechanism of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例一中风选设备托辊安装架与凸轮结构示意图;5 is a schematic structural view of a roller mounting frame and a cam of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图6为本发明集料装置中隔板安装方式结构示意图;6 is a schematic structural diagram of a partition installation method in the aggregate device of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例二结构示意图;7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例二中风选设备内部结构示意图;8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air separation device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例二中风选设备托辊安装架与液压缸结构示意图;9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting roller mounting frame and the hydraulic cylinder of the air separation equipment in the second embodiment of the present invention;
图中,1.多级破碎颚式破碎机;11.侧部破碎腔;12.底部破碎腔;13.第一曲柄摇杆机构;14.第二曲柄摇杆机构;15.导料斗;2.风选设备;21.输送带;211.主动轮;212.被动轮;22.外置风机;221.风罩;222.风嘴;23.进料仓;24.密封罩;25.进风管道;251.内置风机;26.托辊安装架;261.托辊;262.安装梁;263.纠偏杆;264.底梁;265.缓冲弹簧;266.限位基座;27.顶杆;28.凸轮;281.第一圆弧壁;282.第二圆弧壁;283.主动齿轮;284.被动齿轮;285.传动链条;286.动力输入轴;29.液压缸;291.活塞杆;31.第一振动筛;32.第二振动筛;33.第三振动筛;4.磁选输送机;41.驱动辊;42.磁选辊;43.金属收集箱;51.第一皮带输送机;52.第二皮带输送机;53.第三皮带输送机;54.第四皮带输送机;6.集料装置;61.第一隔板;62.第二隔板;63.第三隔板;64.第四隔板;65.安装底架;66.滑块;661.调节孔;662.定位销;663.安装轴;7.机架;8.二级风选设备;9.喂料机。In the picture, 1. Multi-stage crushing jaw crusher; 11. Side crushing cavity; 12. Bottom crushing cavity; 13. First crank rocker mechanism; 14. Second crank rocker mechanism; 15. Guide hopper; 2 .Wind separation equipment; 21. Conveyor belt; 211. Driving wheel; 212. Passive wheel; 22. External fan; 221. Air hood; 222. Air nozzle; 23. Feed bin; 24. Sealing hood; Air duct; 251. Built-in fan; 26. Roller mounting bracket; 261. Roller; 262. Mounting beam; 263. Correction rod; 264. Bottom beam; 265. Buffer spring; 266. Limit base; 27. Top Rod; 28. cam; 281. first arc wall; 282. second arc wall; 283. driving gear; 284. passive gear; 285. transmission chain; 286. power input shaft; 29. hydraulic cylinder; 291. Piston rod; 31. First vibrating screen; 32. Second vibrating screen; 33. Third vibrating screen; 4. Magnetic separator conveyor; 41. Drive roller; 42. Magnetic separator roller; 43. Metal collection box; 51. First belt conveyor; 52. Second belt conveyor; 53. Third belt conveyor; 54. Fourth belt conveyor; 6. Collecting device; 61. First separator; 62. Second separator; 63. Third baffle; 64. Fourth baffle; 65. Install underframe; 66. Slider; 661. Adjust ;. Positioning pin 662;. 663 mounting shaft;. 7 rack; 8 two winnowing equipment; 9 feeder.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下是本发明的具体实施例,并结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
实施例一,参见图1-6,本实施例公开一种建筑垃圾分选系统,包括破碎设备、风选设备2、筛分设备,并通过输送设备连接,本实施例中的破碎设备为多级破碎颚式破碎机1,筛分设备为振动筛、输送设备为皮带输送机,从左至右依次安装有多级破碎颚式破碎机1、磁选输送机4、风选设备2、皮带输送机、振动筛,多级破碎颚式破碎机1的出料口通过导料斗15延伸至磁选输送机4进料端的上方,磁选输送机4的出料端位于风选设备2进料仓23的上方,风选设备2的集料装置6的隔板之间分别安装有第一皮带输送机51、第二皮带输送机52、第三皮带输送机53,皮带输送机的进料端位于隔板之间,第一皮带输送机51的出料端位于第一振动筛31进料口的上方,第二皮带输送机52的出料端位于第二振动筛32进料口 的上方,第三皮带输送机53的出料端位于第三振动筛33进料口的上方,以上构成整个建筑垃圾分选系统,各设备紧密配合完成对建筑垃圾的分选。 Embodiment 1, referring to FIGS. 1-6, this embodiment discloses a construction waste sorting system, which includes crushing equipment, air separation equipment 2, and screening equipment, and is connected by a conveying equipment. There are many crushing equipment in this embodiment -Level crushing jaw crusher 1, the screening equipment is a vibrating screen, and the conveying equipment is a belt conveyor. From left to right, a multi-level crushing jaw crusher 1, a magnetic separation conveyor 4, an air separation equipment 2, a belt Conveyor, vibrating screen, multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 outlet through the hopper 15 extends to the top of the magnetic separator conveyor 4, the output end of the magnetic separator conveyor 4 is located in the air separation equipment 2 feed Above the bunker 23, a first belt conveyor 51, a second belt conveyor 52, a third belt conveyor 53 are installed between the partitions of the collecting device 6 of the air separation equipment 2 respectively, and the feeding end of the belt conveyor Located between the partitions, the discharge end of the first belt conveyor 51 is located above the inlet of the first vibrating screen 31, and the discharge end of the second belt conveyor 52 is located above the inlet of the second vibrating screen 32, The discharge end of the third belt conveyor 53 is located above the feed opening of the third vibrating screen 33 Fang, the above constitutes the entire construction waste sorting system, and each equipment closely cooperates to complete the sorting of construction waste.
多级破碎颚式破碎机1包括侧部破碎腔11和底部破碎腔12两个破碎腔,侧部破碎腔11和底部破碎腔12相导通,并具备第一曲柄摇杆机构13和第二摇杆机构14,使用一台破碎机即可实现多级破碎,无需设置多台破碎机对建筑垃圾进行多级破碎,精简了破碎设备,提高了建筑垃圾分选效率,节能减排,多级破碎颚式破碎机1的破碎机理可参见本发明人先前申请的中国发明,申请号为CN201110336940.4,发明名称为:一种单机破碎生产线;多级破碎颚式破碎机1和风选设备2之间设置有用于对建筑垃圾进行磁选除杂的磁选输送机4,磁选输送机4包括机架7,机架7两端安装有驱动辊41和磁选辊42,驱动辊41和磁选辊42之间张紧有输送带21,所述驱动辊41位于输送带21的进料端,所述磁选辊42位于输送带21的出料端,驱动辊41与驱动电机传动连接,所述磁选辊42作为从动辊在驱动辊41的带动下转动,磁选辊42内部安装有永磁铁,磁选辊42的下方设置有金属收集箱43。以上设置将磁选装置和皮带输送机有效的结合在了一起,结构简单,运行可靠,在建筑垃圾输送的过程中即完成了磁选除杂,提高了分选效率,减少了输送设备,精简了分选系统的设备,磁选除杂后利于建筑垃圾进行风选。The multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 includes two crushing chambers, a side crushing chamber 11 and a bottom crushing chamber 12, the side crushing chamber 11 and the bottom crushing chamber 12 communicate with each other, and is provided with a first crank rocker mechanism 13 and a second Rocker mechanism 14, multi-stage crushing can be achieved by using one crusher, no need to install multiple crushers for multi-stage crushing of construction waste, streamline the crushing equipment, improve construction waste sorting efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction, multi-stage The crushing mechanism of the crushing jaw crusher 1 can be found in the Chinese invention previously applied by the inventor, the application number is CN201110336940.4, and the name of the invention is: a single-machine crushing production line; multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 and air separation equipment 2 There is a magnetic separation conveyor 4 for magnetic separation and decontamination of construction waste. The magnetic separation conveyor 4 includes a frame 7. A drive roller 41 and a magnetic separation roller 42 are installed at both ends of the frame 7. The drive roller 41 and the magnetic There is a conveyor belt 21 tensioned between the selection rollers 42, the drive roller 41 is located at the feed end of the conveyor belt 21, the magnetic separation roller 42 is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 21, and the drive roller 41 is in drive connection with a drive motor. The magnetic separator roller 42 serves as a driven roller in the driving roller 41 When driven to rotate, a permanent magnet is installed inside the magnetic separation roller 42, and a metal collection box 43 is provided below the magnetic separation roller 42. The above settings effectively combine the magnetic separation device and the belt conveyor. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. The magnetic separation and impurity removal are completed during the construction waste transportation process, which improves the separation efficiency, reduces the transportation equipment, and simplifies. With the equipment of the sorting system, the magnetic separation is helpful for air separation of construction waste.
风选设备2包括包括进料仓23、分选部、输送部、集料装置6及机架7,所述所述输送部包括运载垃圾的输送带21及带动输送带21运转的传动轮,所述输送带21具备进料端和出料端并张紧在两个传动轮上,传动轮可转动的安装在机架7的两端,主动轮211安装在出料端,被动轮212安装在进料端,主动轮211与驱动电机的输出轴传动连接,在电机的驱动下转动从而带动传送带运行输送垃圾,所述进料仓23为上大下小的漏斗状,设置在进料端的下方,集料装置6靠近出料端设置,并位于出料端的下方。The air separation equipment 2 includes a feed bin 23, a sorting section, a conveying section, a collecting device 6 and a rack 7. The conveying section includes a conveyor belt 21 carrying garbage and a driving wheel that drives the conveyor belt 21 to operate. The conveyor belt 21 is provided with a feeding end and a discharging end and is tensioned on two driving wheels. The driving wheels are rotatably installed at both ends of the frame 7, the driving wheel 211 is installed at the discharging end, and the passive wheel 212 is installed At the feed end, the driving wheel 211 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and rotates under the drive of the motor to drive the conveyor belt to transport garbage. The feed bin 23 is a funnel shaped up and down, and is provided at the feed end. Below, the collecting device 6 is located near the discharge end and is located below the discharge end.
分选部包括抛料机构和给风机构,所述给风机构包括扣罩在输送带21上方的密封罩24,及对称设置在密封罩24两侧的进风管道25,进风管道25内安装有内置风机251,所述给风机构包括扣罩在输送带21上方的密封 罩24,及对称设置在密封罩24两侧的进风管道25,进风管道25内安装有内置风机251,进风管道25为多组,本实施例中为3组间隔设置在密封罩24的两侧,垃圾在输送的过程中,不断被抛起并受风,从而不同质量的垃圾在运输的过程中即实现分离;进风管道25倾斜安装于密封罩24上,倾斜角度为45度,以上设置可使垃圾在受风时不仅受到向上的力,还受到向前行进的力,利于垃圾的分选和运输,提高分选和输送效率;进风管道25的横截面沿进风方向逐渐变小,这一设置能够使风力更为集中,从而使垃圾受风效果更好,达到更好的分离效果;输送带21两侧的机架7上表面开设有滑槽,密封罩24的下沿固定安装有与滑槽相配合的滑轮,密封罩24通过滑轮可滑动的安装在机架7上,密封罩24采用这种安装方式,便于打开密封罩24对设备进行维修保养;密封罩24的内壁对称安装有挡板,所述挡板位于滑轮的上方,挡板的宽度与密封罩24和机架7的安装间隙相同,设置挡板板是为了遮挡密封罩24与机架7的安装间隙,进一步提高密封罩24的密封性,且挡板设置在滑轮的上方,能够承接散落的垃圾,避免垃圾落在滑槽和滑轮上以致影响它们的配合,并且散落的垃圾更易清理;密封罩24在进料端的上方开设有进料口,进料口上安装有进料仓23,密封罩24在出料端开设有出料口,垃圾从进料仓23中进入到密封罩24内并落到输送带21的输料带,然后从出料口出料。密封罩24的设置使输送带21的上方形成一个密封风道,利于垃圾受风进一步提高分选效果,且可将垃圾均约束在密封罩24内,避免垃圾抛起和受风后四处散落,减少粉尘污染和噪声污染。输送带21在对垃圾输送的过程中,抛料机构和给风机构会共同作用于垃圾,垃圾被抛起后使得不同垃圾之间存在间隙处于松散分离状态,便于受风,避免垃圾静止状态下混合挤压在一起,无法充分受风,达不到分选效果,且垃圾在抛起和落下的过程中,夹杂在一起的不同质量的垃圾得以初步分离,为垃圾受风分选进一步提供有利条件,使分选更充分。The sorting section includes a throwing mechanism and an air supply mechanism. The air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 24 that buckles the cover above the conveyor belt 21, and air inlet ducts 25 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sealing cover 24. A built-in fan 251 is installed. The air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 24 buckled over the conveyor belt 21, and air inlet ducts 25 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sealing cover 24. A built-in fan 251 is installed in the air inlet duct 25. There are multiple groups of air inlet ducts 25. In this embodiment, three groups are arranged on both sides of the sealing cover 24 at intervals. During the transportation process, garbage is constantly thrown up and subjected to wind, so that garbage of different qualities is transported. Separation is achieved; the air inlet duct 25 is installed obliquely on the sealing cover 24, and the inclination angle is 45 degrees. The above setting can make the garbage not only receive upward force but also forward force when the wind is received, which is conducive to the separation of garbage And transportation, improve the separation and transportation efficiency; the cross-section of the air inlet pipe 25 gradually decreases along the air inlet direction, this setting can make the wind more concentrated, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieve a better separation effect ; Machine on both sides of conveyor belt 21 7 The upper surface is provided with a chute. The lower edge of the sealing cover 24 is fixedly installed with a pulley that cooperates with the chute. The sealing cover 24 is slidably installed on the frame 7 through the pulley. The sealing cover 24 adopts this installation method to facilitate Open the sealing cover 24 to maintain the equipment; the inner wall of the sealing cover 24 is symmetrically installed with a baffle, the baffle is located above the pulley, the width of the baffle is the same as the installation gap of the sealing cover 24 and the frame 7, the baffle is provided The plate is to block the installation gap between the sealing cover 24 and the frame 7 to further improve the sealing performance of the sealing cover 24, and the baffle is provided above the pulley to be able to accept scattered garbage and avoid the garbage falling on the chute and pulley to affect They cooperate, and the scattered garbage is easier to clean up; the sealing cover 24 is provided with a feeding port above the feeding end, and a feeding bin 23 is installed on the feeding port, and the sealing cover 24 is provided with a discharging port at the discharging end. The feed bin 23 enters the sealing cover 24 and falls to the conveying belt of the conveyor belt 21, and then discharges from the discharge port. The installation of the sealing cover 24 forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt 21, which is beneficial to the garbage to further improve the separation effect by the wind, and can restrain the garbage in the sealing cover 24, to avoid the garbage thrown up and scattered around after the wind, Reduce dust pollution and noise pollution. In the process of conveying garbage to the conveyor belt 21, the throwing mechanism and the air supply mechanism will work together on the garbage. After the garbage is thrown, the gap between different garbage is loosely separated, which is convenient for the wind and avoids the garbage at a static state. Mixed and squeezed together, the wind cannot be fully received, and the separation effect cannot be achieved. In the process of throwing up and falling down, the garbage of different qualities mixed together can be preliminarily separated, which provides further advantages for the separation of garbage by wind Conditions to make sorting more adequate.
抛料机构包括多个搭设在输送带21两侧机架7上的托辊安装架26,本实施例中托辊安装架26为7个,安装架在在进料端的间距较小,以提高进料端的承载力,托辊安装架26上均安装有托辊261,所述托辊261位于 输送带21输送面的下方,并垂直于输送带21输送方向设置,托辊安装架26为皮带输送机上使用的常规托辊安装架26,包括纵向设置的两根安装梁262,所述安装梁262分别位于输送带21的两侧,安装梁262的底部通过底梁264连接,所述托辊261安装于两根安装梁262之间,所述安装梁262的上端安装有防止输送带21偏移的纠偏杆263,纠偏杆263位于输送带21的两侧,以上设置可避免输送带21在受到托辊261向上的作用力时发生偏移,从而保证输送带21的正常运行及抛料效果,纠偏杆263为圆柱体,以减小对输送带21的磨损。本实施例通过在托辊安装架26下设置顶杆27,然后再利用动力机构对顶杆27做功,使顶杆27带动托辊安装架26向上运动,便可实现将输送带21上的垃圾抛起,本实施例中抛料机构充分利用了常规输送机构固有的部件如托辊261和托辊安装架26,使它们同时具备了支撑和抛料的功能,从而使机构的结构更简单紧凑,功能性、实用性、适配性更强,可对现有的输送机构进行改造即可实现抛料,制造成本、运行成本低。The throwing mechanism includes a plurality of idler mounting brackets 26 erected on the racks 7 on both sides of the conveyor belt 21. In this embodiment, there are seven idler mounting brackets 26. The spacing between the mounting brackets at the feed end is small to improve The carrying capacity of the feeding end, the supporting roller mounting frame 26 is equipped with supporting rollers 261, the supporting roller 261 is located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 21, and is arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21, the supporting roller mounting frame 26 is a belt The conventional roller mounting frame 26 used on the conveyor includes two mounting beams 262 arranged longitudinally, the mounting beams 262 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 21, the bottom of the mounting beam 262 is connected by a bottom beam 264, the rollers 261 is installed between the two installation beams 262, and the upper end of the installation beam 262 is installed with a deflection correction rod 263 to prevent the conveyor belt 21 from shifting. The deflection correction rods 263 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 21. The deflection occurs when the supporting roller 261 acts upwards, so as to ensure the normal operation of the conveyor belt 21 and the material throwing effect. The deviation correction rod 263 is a cylinder to reduce the wear on the conveyor belt 21. In this embodiment, by providing a jack 27 under the roller mounting frame 26, and then using the power mechanism to do work on the jack 27, the jack 27 can drive the roller mounting frame 26 to move upward, and the garbage on the conveyor belt 21 can be realized. Tossing up, the throwing mechanism in this embodiment makes full use of the inherent components of the conventional conveying mechanism, such as the idler 261 and idler mounting frame 26, so that they have the functions of supporting and ejecting at the same time, thereby making the structure of the mechanism simpler and more compact , The function, practicability and adaptability are stronger, and the existing conveying mechanism can be transformed to realize material throwing, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.
输送带21两侧的机架7上对称焊接有限位基座266,本实施例中限位基座266为7组,每个托辊安装架26均限位于一组限位基座266中,限位基座266的设置是为了保证托辊安装架26只能够上下运动实现抛料,避免其在机架7上前后或左右移动,影响其抛料和支撑效果,充分利用动力机构提供的动能进行有效抛料,并能够稳固的支撑在支架上对输送带21和输送带21上的垃圾进行支撑;安装梁262的底部端面设置有缓冲器,本实施例中采用缓冲弹簧265作为缓冲器,缓冲弹簧265的设置能够有效减小托辊安装架26下落时对机架7产生的冲击力,从而延长装置的使用寿命,并减小噪音。The frame 7 on both sides of the conveyor belt 21 is symmetrically welded with a limit base 266. In this embodiment, there are 7 sets of limit bases 266. Each idler mounting frame 26 is limited to one set of limit bases 266. The setting of the limit base 266 is to ensure that the supporting roller mounting frame 26 can only move up and down to realize the material throwing, avoid its movement back and forth or left and right on the rack 7, affect its material throwing and supporting effect, and make full use of the kinetic energy provided by the power mechanism Carry out effective throwing, and can firmly support the conveyor belt 21 and the garbage on the conveyor belt 21 on the support; the bottom end surface of the installation beam 262 is provided with a buffer, in this embodiment, a buffer spring 265 is used as a buffer, The arrangement of the buffer spring 265 can effectively reduce the impact force generated on the frame 7 when the idler mounting frame 26 falls, thereby prolonging the service life of the device and reducing noise.
本实施例中,动力机构包括位于顶杆27下方的凸轮28,所述凸轮28固设于动力输入轴286的第一端,动力输入轴286的第二端通过传动装置与电机传动连接,所述凸轮28包括第一圆弧壁281及第二圆弧壁282,第一圆弧壁281和第二圆弧壁282之间通过切线连接,第一圆弧壁281抵靠在顶杆27的下端时,顶杆27被顶起并带动托辊安装架26向上运动,第二 圆弧壁282抵靠在顶杆27的下端时,顶杆27在托辊安装架26重力作用下恢复至初始位置,顶杆27恢复至初始位置,采用凸轮28机构作为动力机构简单可靠,维护方便,且能够充分利用输送带21下方的空间,使整个装置的结构更为紧凑合理;所述传动装置包括固设在第二电机输出轴上的主动齿轮283,与主动齿轮283啮合的传动链条285,还包括固设在动力输入轴286第二端的被动齿轮284,本实施例中被动齿轮284为7个,分别与每个凸轮28配合作用于每个托辊安装架26,所述被动齿轮284也与传动链条285啮合,通过主动齿轮283、被动齿轮284及传动链条285的配合可实现一部电机带动所有的凸轮28运转,节能且操控维护方便。In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a cam 28 located below the jack 27. The cam 28 is fixed to the first end of the power input shaft 286, and the second end of the power input shaft 286 is connected to the motor through a transmission device. The cam 28 includes a first arc wall 281 and a second arc wall 282, the first arc wall 281 and the second arc wall 282 are connected by a tangent line, and the first arc wall 281 abuts against the top of the jack 27 At the lower end, the jack 27 is lifted up and drives the roller mounting bracket 26 to move upward. When the second arc wall 282 abuts against the lower end of the jack 27, the jack 27 is restored to its original position under the gravity of the roller mounting bracket 26 Position, the jack 27 is restored to the original position, the cam 28 mechanism is used as the power mechanism is simple and reliable, easy to maintain, and can make full use of the space below the conveyor belt 21, making the structure of the entire device more compact and reasonable; the transmission device includes solid The driving gear 283 provided on the output shaft of the second motor, the transmission chain 285 meshing with the driving gear 283, and also includes a passive gear 284 fixed on the second end of the power input shaft 286. In this embodiment, there are seven passive gears 284. 28 with each cam Used in cooperation with each idler mounting frame 26, the passive gear 284 also meshes with the drive chain 285. Through the cooperation of the drive gear 283, the passive gear 284 and the drive chain 285, one motor can drive all the cams 28 to run, saving energy And easy to control and maintain.
位于出料端的机架7上安装有一外置风机22,外置风机22能够使垃圾从出料口落下时再次受风,以提高分选效果,外置风机22上套装有风罩221,风罩221的前端一体形成扁嘴形风嘴222,所述风嘴222的宽度与出料口的宽度一致,风嘴222的高度低于出料口,以上设置风力更为集中,且能使落下的垃圾均匀受风,从而使垃圾受风效果更好,达到更好的分离效果。An external fan 22 is installed on the rack 7 at the discharge end. The external fan 22 can make the garbage receive the wind again when it falls from the discharge port to improve the separation effect. The external fan 22 is covered with a wind hood 221. The front end of the cover 221 is integrally formed with a flat-nozzle-shaped air nozzle 222, the width of the air nozzle 222 is the same as the width of the discharge port, the height of the air nozzle 222 is lower than the discharge port, the above setting wind force is more concentrated, and can be dropped The garbage is evenly affected by the wind, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieves a better separation effect.
集料装置6包括安装底架65,安装底架65为矩形框架结构,由四根支撑杆焊接而成,所述安装底架65固定于地面,以对隔板进行有效支撑,其相互平行的两根支撑杆的上表面开设有滑道,滑道内安装有多块与滑道相配合的滑块66,以上设置可根据建筑垃圾种类、输送带21输送速度、风速等具体情况调节隔板到合适的位置,以更好的对建筑垃圾进行分选收集,避免隔板间距设置不合适导致分选后的建筑垃圾又混合在一起。本实施例中滑块66为4个,所述滑块66包括滑动部和安装部,滑动部嵌装在滑道中进行滑动,安装部铰接有隔板,安装部中部开设有安装孔,隔板的下部固定焊接有安装轴663,安装轴663铰接在安装孔中,安装孔和安装轴663的外围均开设有相配合的调节孔661,调节孔661中插装有对隔板进行定位的定位销662,隔板可转动的铰接在滑块66上,可根据需求调节隔板的安装角度,以在不改变隔板下端的间距的情况下,实现隔板上端间距的调整,从而形成不同宽度的垃圾入口以配合分选后的垃圾,并且隔板 下端的间距不变便于设置皮带输送机,以将分选后的不同垃圾输送至筛分设备。The collecting device 6 includes a mounting base 65, which is a rectangular frame structure and is welded by four supporting rods. The mounting base 65 is fixed to the ground to effectively support the partition plates, which are parallel to each other. The upper surface of the two support rods is provided with a slideway, and a plurality of sliders 66 matched with the slideway are installed in the slideway. The above settings can adjust the partition to the specific conditions of the type of construction waste, the conveyor belt 21 conveyor speed, wind speed, etc. Appropriate location, to better sort and collect construction waste, to avoid the inappropriate setting of the spacing of the partitions, which will cause the sorted construction waste to be mixed together again. In this embodiment, there are four sliders 66. The slider 66 includes a sliding part and a mounting part. The sliding part is embedded in the slideway for sliding. The mounting part is hinged with a partition plate, and a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the mounting part. The partition plate The lower part is fixedly welded with a mounting shaft 663, and the mounting shaft 663 is hinged in the mounting hole. Both the mounting hole and the periphery of the mounting shaft 663 are provided with matching adjustment holes 661, and the positioning holes for positioning the partition are inserted into the adjustment holes 661. Pin 662, the baffle plate is rotatably hinged on the slider 66, and the installation angle of the baffle plate can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to realize the adjustment of the top plate spacing without changing the bottom plate spacing, thereby forming different widths The garbage inlet is used to match the sorted garbage, and the distance between the lower ends of the partitions is unchanged. It is convenient to set up a belt conveyor to transport the sorted different garbage to the screening equipment.
集料装置6的4块隔板从左至右分别为第一隔板61、第二隔板62、第三隔板63、第四隔板64,第一隔板61和第二隔板62之间形成重料集料区域,第二隔板62和第三隔板63之间形成中料集料区域,第三隔板63和第四隔板64之间形成轻料集料区域,第一隔板61和第二隔板62之间设置有第一皮带输送机51,第一皮带输送机51的进料端直接承接经风选后的重料,并将重料输送至位于第一皮带输送机51出料端下方的第一振动筛31进行筛选;第二隔板62和第三隔板63之间设置有第二皮带输送机52,第二皮带输送机52的进料端直接承接经风选后的中料,并将中料输送至位于第二皮带输送机52出料端下方的第二振动筛32进行筛选;第三隔板63和第四隔板64之间设置有第三皮带输送机53,第三皮带输送机53的进料端直接承接经风选后的轻料,并将轻料输送至位于第三皮带输送机53出料端下方的第三振动筛33进行筛选;以上设置可保证分选效果,经风选后的建筑垃圾,比重小体积大的建筑垃圾和比重大体积小的建筑垃圾会混合在一起,再通过筛分设备可对不同粒径的建筑垃圾进行有效分离,以提高分选准确性,风选设备2根据重量对建筑垃圾进行分选,振动筛根据粒径对建筑垃圾进行分选,通过风选设备2和振动筛的有效配合完成对建筑垃圾的分选,分选质量和分选速度均可得到有效保障,且通过集料装置6和皮带输送机的配合,经风选的建筑垃圾会快速高效的进入振动筛进行筛选,设备前后连接一气呵成,物流运转高效顺畅,大幅提高建筑垃圾的分选效率。The four partitions of the aggregate device 6 are, from left to right, a first partition 61, a second partition 62, a third partition 63, a fourth partition 64, a first partition 61, and a second partition 62 A heavy-weight aggregate area is formed between the second separator 62 and the third separator 63, a medium-weight aggregate area is formed, and a third separator 63 and a fourth separator 64 form a light-weight aggregate area. A first belt conveyor 51 is provided between a partition 61 and a second partition 62. The feed end of the first belt conveyor 51 directly receives the heavy material after air separation, and transports the heavy material to the first The first vibrating screen 31 below the discharge end of the belt conveyor 51 performs screening; a second belt conveyor 52 is provided between the second separator 62 and the third separator 63, and the feeding end of the second belt conveyor 52 is directly Undertake the wind-separated intermediate material, and transfer the intermediate material to the second vibrating screen 32 located below the discharge end of the second belt conveyor 52 for screening; a third separator 63 and a fourth separator 64 are provided between The third belt conveyor 53, the feed end of the third belt conveyor 53 directly receives the light material after air separation, and conveys the light material to the output end of the third belt conveyor 53 The third vibrating screen 33 is used for screening; the above settings can ensure the separation effect. The construction waste after the wind separation, the construction waste with a small specific gravity and the construction waste with a small specific volume will be mixed together, and then pass through the screening equipment It can effectively separate the construction waste of different particle sizes to improve the accuracy of sorting. The air separation equipment 2 sorts the construction waste according to the weight, and the vibrating screen sorts the construction waste according to the particle size. The air separation equipment 2 and The effective coordination of the vibrating screen completes the sorting of construction waste, and the sorting quality and sorting speed can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device 6 and the belt conveyor, the wind-selected construction waste will enter quickly and efficiently The vibrating screen is used for screening, the equipment is connected in one go, the logistics operation is efficient and smooth, and the separation efficiency of construction waste is greatly improved.
本实施例公开的建筑垃圾分选系统的工作原理为,垃圾由输送带21进入多级破碎颚式破碎机1进行破碎,多级破碎颚式破碎机1具有多级破碎能力,建筑垃圾经破碎后由多级破对颚式破碎机1的排料口经导料斗15下落至磁选输送机4的进料端,建筑垃圾在磁选输送机4的带动下输送至磁选输送机4的出料端,金属材质的建筑垃圾由于磁选辊42的磁力无法摆脱磁选输送机4继续跟随磁选输送机4的皮带向回运行,直至脱离磁选辊42的磁力范围,下落至金属收集箱43;其他非金属材质的建筑垃圾由磁选输 送机4的出料端下落至风选设备2的进料仓23中,建筑垃圾由进料仓23进入到密封罩24中,并落在输送带21的进料端,传送带在主动轮211的传动下带动建筑垃圾向出料端行进,建筑垃圾在被输送的过程中,第二电机驱动主动齿轮283运转,主动齿轮283通过传动链条285的传动带动被动齿轮284运转,被动齿轮284通过动力输入轴286带动凸轮28运转,当凸轮28的第一圆弧壁281抵靠在顶杆27的下端时,顶杆27被顶起并带动托辊安装架26向上运动,从而托辊261向上运动作用于输送带21并将输送带21上的垃圾抛起,第二圆弧壁282抵靠在顶杆27的下端时,顶杆27在托辊安装架26的重力作用下恢复至初始位置,垃圾在抛起和下落的过程中由于质量重力不同,下落速度和运动轨迹不同,垃圾会得到初步的分离,垃圾在输送和抛起过程中还会受到内置风机251的风吹,风机为3组间隔分布密封罩24的两侧,因此垃圾在整个输送过程中持续受风,且垃圾在抛起和落下的动态过程中受风效果更好,垃圾在动态的时候彼此之间存在间隙处于松散状态,便于受风,避免各种垃圾处于静止状态夹杂在一起并互相挤压,从而影响受风,当垃圾输送至出料口时在抛料和风吹的共同作用下,不同质量的垃圾已分布于不同区域和层次,且不同重量的垃圾具备不同的速度,垃圾在从出料口下落时会形成不同的运动轨迹,从而实现分离,运输、抛料和给风均在密封罩24内进行,垃圾被约束在密封罩24内,避免垃圾抛起和受风后四处散落,减少粉尘污染和噪声污染,且密封罩24形成一个风道能进一步提高受风效果,垃圾从出料口下落时再次受到外置风机22的风吹,从而分选效果更好,集料装置6的隔板根据垃圾的出料轨迹调节至合适的位置,使分选后的垃圾可以准确的落入指定的集料区域内,避免分离后的垃圾出料后又混合在一起;经风选后的重料落在第一隔板61和第二隔板62之间形成的重料集料区域,并直接落在第一皮带输送机51的进料端,第一皮带输送机51将重料输送至位于第一皮带输送机51出料端下方的第一振动筛31进行筛选,经风选后的轻料落在第三隔板63和第四隔板64之间形成的轻料集料区域,并直接落在第三皮带输送机53的进料端,第三皮带输送机53将轻料输送至位于第三皮带输送机53出料端下 方的第三振动筛33进行筛选,经风选后质量介于重料和轻料之间的中料落在第二隔板62和第三隔板63之间形成的中料集料区域,并直接落在第二皮带输送机52的进料端,第二皮带输送机52将中料输送至位于第二皮带输送机52出料端下方的第二振动筛32进行筛选,经风选后的建筑垃圾,比重小体积大的建筑垃圾和比重大体积小的建筑垃圾会混合在一起,再通过筛分设备可对不同粒径的建筑垃圾进行有效分离,以提高分选准确性,风选设备2根据重量对建筑垃圾进行分选,振动筛根据粒径对建筑垃圾进行分选,通过风选设备2和振动筛的有效配合完成对建筑垃圾的分选,分选质量和速度均可得到有效保障,且通过集料装置6和皮带输送机的配合,经风选的建筑垃圾会快速高效的进入振动筛进行筛选,设备前后连接一气呵成,物流运转高效顺畅,大幅提高建筑垃圾的分选效率。The working principle of the construction waste sorting system disclosed in this embodiment is that the garbage enters the multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 by the conveyor belt 21 for crushing. The multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 has multi-stage crushing capacity, and the construction waste is crushed After that, the discharge port of the multi-stage crusher-to-jaw crusher 1 falls to the feed end of the magnetic separation conveyor 4 through the hopper 15 and the construction waste is transported to the magnetic separation conveyor 4 by the magnetic separation conveyor 4 At the discharge end, construction waste made of metal cannot be rid of the magnetic force of the magnetic separator roller 42 due to the magnetic force of the magnetic separator roller 42 and continues to follow the belt of the magnetic separator conveyor 4 until it leaves the magnetic force range of the magnetic separator roller 42 and falls to the metal collection Box 43; construction waste of other non-metallic materials is dropped from the discharge end of the magnetic separation conveyor 4 into the feed bin 23 of the air separation equipment 2, and the construction waste enters the sealed cover 24 from the feed bin 23 and falls in At the feed end of the conveyor belt 21, the conveyor belt drives the construction waste to the discharge end under the drive of the driving wheel 211. During the transportation of construction waste, the second motor drives the driving gear 283 to run, and the driving gear 283 passes through the transmission chain 285 Drive belt The driven gear 284 runs, and the driven gear 284 drives the cam 28 through the power input shaft 286. When the first arc wall 281 of the cam 28 abuts against the lower end of the jack 27, the jack 27 is lifted up and drives the roller mounting bracket 26 moves upward, so that the supporting roller 261 moves upward to act on the conveyor belt 21 and throws up the garbage on the conveyor belt 21, when the second arc wall 282 abuts the lower end of the ejector rod 27, the ejector rod 27 is on the supporting roller mounting frame 26 to return to the original position under the action of gravity, garbage in the process of throwing and falling due to different mass gravity, different falling speed and movement trajectory, garbage will be initially separated, garbage will also be built in during transportation and throwing The wind of the fan 251 is blown on three sides of the sealed cover 24 at three intervals, so the garbage is continuously subjected to wind during the entire transportation process, and the garbage is better affected by the wind during the dynamic process of throwing and falling, and the garbage is dynamically When there is a gap between each other, it is in a loose state, which is convenient for wind, to avoid all kinds of garbage being mixed together and squeezing each other, which affects the wind. When the garbage is delivered to the discharge port, it is thrown and Under the common effect of blowing, different quality wastes have been distributed in different areas and levels, and different weights of wastes have different speeds. When the wastes fall from the discharge port, they will form different trajectories to achieve separation, transportation, and disposal. The material and air supply are carried out in the sealed cover 24, and the garbage is confined in the sealed cover 24 to prevent the garbage from being thrown up and scattered around the wind, reducing dust pollution and noise pollution, and the sealing cover 24 forming an air duct can further improve Due to the wind effect, when the garbage falls from the discharge port, it is blown by the external fan 22 again, so that the separation effect is better. The separator of the collecting device 6 is adjusted to an appropriate position according to the discharge path of the garbage, so that the separation After the garbage can be accurately dropped into the designated collection area, to avoid the separation of the garbage after the material is mixed again; the heavy material after the wind separation falls between the first partition 61 and the second partition 62 The formed heavy material collecting area directly falls on the feeding end of the first belt conveyor 51, and the first belt conveyor 51 conveys the heavy material to the first vibrating screen located below the outlet end of the first belt conveyor 51 31 conducted After the air separation, the light material falls in the light material collection area formed between the third separator 63 and the fourth separator 64, and directly falls on the feeding end of the third belt conveyor 53, the third belt The conveyor 53 conveys the light material to the third vibrating screen 33 located below the discharge end of the third belt conveyor 53 for screening. After the air separation, the intermediate material with a mass between the heavy material and the light material falls in the second compartment The intermediate material collection area formed between the plate 62 and the third partition plate 63 falls directly on the feeding end of the second belt conveyor 52, and the second belt conveyor 52 conveys the intermediate material to the second belt conveyor 52. The second vibrating screen 32 below the discharge end is used for screening. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with small specific gravity will be mixed together. The construction waste of particle size is effectively separated to improve the accuracy of sorting. The air separation equipment 2 sorts the construction waste according to the weight, and the vibrating screen sorts the construction waste according to the particle size. The air separation equipment 2 and the vibrating screen Effectively cooperate to complete the sorting of construction waste, sorting quality and speed Both can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device 6 and the belt conveyor, the air-selected construction waste will quickly and efficiently enter the vibrating screen for screening. Sorting efficiency.
实施例二,参见图6-9,本实施例和实施例一的区别在于,风选设备2抛料机构的动力机构为液压缸29,液压缸29的活塞杆291抵接在顶杆27的下端,建筑垃圾在被输送的过程中,液压缸29工作,液压缸29的活塞杆291作用于顶杆27,顶杆27带动托辊安装架26上下运动,从而托辊261上下运动并作用于输送带21将输送带21上的垃圾抛起,活塞杆291伸缩,使顶杆27上升或下移使输送带21产生振动,实现抛料,其他设备及运行原理与实施例一相同,且在第二振动筛32的后方加设了第四皮带输送机54,第四皮带输送机54的进料端位于第二振动筛32出料口的下方,将经过筛选的中料的筛下料输送至二级风选设备8进行再次风选,由于中料介于重料和轻料之间,混杂的建筑垃圾的种类较多,中料筛分后,筛下料体积较小,质量较轻,再进行一次风选可达到很好的分选效果。The second embodiment, referring to FIGS. 6-9, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the power mechanism of the ejection mechanism of the air separation device 2 is a hydraulic cylinder 29, and the piston rod 291 of the hydraulic cylinder 29 abuts on the jack 27 At the lower end, during the transportation of construction waste, the hydraulic cylinder 29 works, and the piston rod 291 of the hydraulic cylinder 29 acts on the jack 27. The jack 27 drives the roller mounting frame 26 to move up and down, so that the roller 261 moves up and down and acts on The conveyor belt 21 throws up the garbage on the conveyor belt 21, the piston rod 291 expands and contracts, and the top rod 27 rises or moves downward to make the conveyor belt 21 vibrate to realize the throwing. The other equipment and operating principles are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the A fourth belt conveyor 54 is added to the rear of the second vibrating screen 32. The feed end of the fourth belt conveyor 54 is located below the discharge port of the second vibrating screen 32, and conveys the screened intermediate material through the screen. To secondary air separation equipment 8 for re-air separation, because the intermediate material is between heavy material and light material, there are many types of mixed construction waste. After the intermediate material is sieved, the volume of the screened material is smaller and the quality is lighter , Another air separation can achieve a good separation effect.
应该理解,在本发明的权利要求书、说明书中,所有“包括……”均应理解为开放式的含义,也就是其含义等同于“至少包含……”,而不应理解为封闭式的含义,即其含义不应该理解为“仅包含……”。术语“第一”、“第二”“第三”“第四”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接, 也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。术语“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置必须具备特定的方位或位置关系,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。It should be understood that in the claims and the description of the present invention, all "including ..." should be understood as an open-ended meaning, that is, the meaning is equivalent to "including at least ...", and should not be understood as a closed-ended one. Meaning, meaning that it should not be understood as "contains only ...". The terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. The terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, In other words, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. The terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. indicate orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description. It does not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation or positional relationship, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,本技术领域的技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换,都应涵盖在发明的保护范围之内。The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, changes, modifications, additions or replacements made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention , Should be covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,包括用于将建筑垃圾破碎的破碎设备,用于将破碎后的建筑垃圾进行分选的风选设备(2),以及对风选后的建筑垃圾进行筛分的筛分设备,所述破碎设备、风选设备(2)、筛分设备依次设置,并通过输送设备连接,所述风选设备(2)包括输送建筑垃圾的输送部和在建筑垃圾输送过程中对建筑垃圾进行分选的分选部,所述分选部包括将建筑垃圾抛起的抛料机构和对建筑垃圾吹风的给风机构。A construction waste sorting system, characterized in that it includes a crushing device for crushing construction waste, a wind separation device (2) for sorting the crushed construction waste, and a construction waste after wind separation Screening equipment for screening. The crushing equipment, air separation equipment (2), and screen equipment are arranged in sequence and connected by conveying equipment. The air separation equipment (2) includes a conveying section for conveying construction waste and a building A sorting section for sorting construction waste during the garbage transportation process. The sorting section includes a throwing mechanism for throwing up construction waste and a wind supply mechanism for blowing construction waste.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述风选设备(2)的输送部包括运载垃圾的输送带(21)及带动输送带(21)运转的传动轮,传动轮可转动的安装在机架(7)上,所述输送带(21)张紧在传动轮上并具备进料端和出料端;所述抛料机构设置在输送带(21)的下方,并能够作用于输送带(21)以将输送带(21)上的建筑垃圾抛起,所述给风机构包括扣罩在输送带(21)上方的密封罩(24),及设置在密封罩(24)上的进风管道(25),所述进风管道(25)内设置有内置风机(251)。The construction waste sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveying part of the air separation equipment (2) includes a conveying belt (21) carrying garbage and a driving wheel driving the conveying belt (21) to operate , The transmission wheel is rotatably installed on the frame (7), the conveyor belt (21) is tensioned on the transmission wheel and has a feed end and a discharge end; the throwing mechanism is provided on the conveyor belt (21) And can act on the conveyor belt (21) to throw away construction waste on the conveyor belt (21). The air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover (24) that buckles the conveyor belt (21) above and is provided An air inlet duct (25) on the sealing cover (24) is provided with a built-in fan (251).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述抛料机构包括多个搭设在输送带(21)两侧机架(7)上的托辊安装架(26),托辊安装架(26)上均安装有托辊(261),所述托辊(261)位于输送带(21)输送面的下方,并垂直于输送带(21)输送方向设置,托辊安装架(26)的下方垂直设置有顶杆(27),所述顶杆(27)在动力机构的作用下能够上下运动并带动托辊安装架(26)上下运动实现抛料。A construction waste sorting system according to claim 2, characterized in that the throwing mechanism comprises a plurality of roller mounting brackets (26) erected on the frame (7) on both sides of the conveyor belt (21) Support rollers (261) are installed on the supporting roller mounting frame (26). The supporting rollers (261) are located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt (21) and are arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21). An ejector rod (27) is vertically provided under the mounting frame (26), and the ejector rod (27) can move up and down under the action of a power mechanism and drive the roller mounting frame (26) to move up and down to realize material throwing.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述机架(7)位于出料端的一侧设置有外置风机(22),外置风机(22)上套装有风罩(221),风罩(221)的前端具有风嘴(222)。A construction waste sorting system according to claim 3, characterized in that an external fan (22) is provided on one side of the frame (7) at the discharge end, and the external fan (22) is provided with The wind hood (221) has a wind nozzle (222) at the front end.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述出料端的下方还设置有集料装置(6),所述集料装置(6)包括安装底架(65)及多块隔板,安装底架(65)上设置有滑道,滑道内设置有多块与滑道相配合的滑块(66),所述隔板通过滑块(66)可滑动的安装在安装底架(65)上,隔板的可滑动方向与建筑垃圾的出料方向一致。A construction waste sorting system according to claim 4, characterized in that a material collection device (6) is further provided below the discharge end, and the material collection device (6) includes an installation base frame (65) And a plurality of partition plates, a slide rail is provided on the mounting base frame (65), and a plurality of slide blocks (66) matched with the slide rails are provided in the slide rail, and the partition plates are slidably installed through the slide blocks (66) On the installation base frame (65), the sliding direction of the partition is consistent with the discharge direction of construction waste.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述隔板可转动的铰接在滑块(66)上,隔板的安装角度可调节并能够通过定位装置锁定。A construction waste sorting system according to claim 5, characterized in that the partition is rotatably hinged on the slider (66), and the installation angle of the partition is adjustable and can be locked by a positioning device.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述隔板之间设置有将分选后的建筑垃圾输送至筛分设备的输送设备。The construction waste sorting system according to claim 6, wherein a conveying device for conveying the sorted construction waste to the screening equipment is provided between the partitions.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述集料装置(6)包括4块隔板,从左至右分别为第一隔板(61)、第二隔板(62)、第三隔板(63)、第四隔板(64),第一隔板(61)和第二隔板(62)之间形成重料集料区域,第二隔板(62)和第三隔板(63)之间形成中料集料区域,第三隔板(63)和第四隔板(64)之间形成轻料集料区域,第一隔板(61)和第二隔板(62)之间设置有第一皮带输送机(51),第一皮带输送机(51)的进料端承接经风选后的重料,并将重料输送至位于第一皮带输送机(51)出料端下方的第一振动筛(31)进行筛选;第二隔板(62)和第三隔板(63)之间设置有第二皮带输送机(52),第二皮带输送机(52)的进料端承接经风选后的中料,并将中料输送至位于第二皮带输送机(52)出料端下方的第二振动筛(32)进行筛选;第三隔板(63)和第四隔板(64)之间设置有第三皮带输送机(53),第三皮带输送机(53)的进料端直接承接经风选后的轻料,并将轻料输送至位于第三皮带输送机(53)出料端下方的第三振动筛(33)进行筛选。A construction waste sorting system according to claim 7, characterized in that the aggregate device (6) includes 4 partitions, from left to right are a first partition (61) and a second partition The plate (62), the third partition (63), the fourth partition (64), the heavy partition area is formed between the first partition (61) and the second partition (62), and the second partition ( 62) and the third partition (63) form an intermediate material collection area, the third partition (63) and the fourth partition (64) form a light material collection area, the first partition (61) A first belt conveyor (51) is provided between the second partition (62), and the feed end of the first belt conveyor (51) receives the air-selected heavy material and transports the heavy material to the A first vibrating screen (31) below the discharge end of a belt conveyor (51) is used for screening; a second belt conveyor (52) is provided between the second separator (62) and the third separator (63), The feed end of the second belt conveyor (52) accepts the air-separated intermediate material, and conveys the intermediate material to the second vibrating screen (32) located below the outlet end of the second belt conveyor (52) for screening ; A third belt conveyor (53) is provided between the third partition (63) and the fourth partition (64), the first Belt conveyor (53) directly to the feed end of the light receiving material after winnowing, and conveyed to the light material is located in the third belt conveyor (53) the end of the third screening material beneath the shaker (33).
  9. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5或6或7或8所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述破碎设备和风选设备(2)之间设置有用于对建筑垃圾进行磁选除杂的磁选装置,所述磁选装置设置在输送设备上,并在建筑垃圾从破碎设备输送至风选设备(2)的过程中完成磁选除杂。A construction waste sorting system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, wherein the crushing device and the air separation device (2) are provided for building A magnetic separation device for magnetic separation and removal of garbage. The magnetic separation device is provided on a conveying device and completes the magnetic separation and removal of impurities during the process of transporting construction waste from the crushing device to the wind separation device (2).
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种建筑垃圾分选系统,其特征在于,所述筛分设备的后方还设置有二级风选设备(8),对筛分后不同粒径的建筑垃圾进行再次风选。A construction waste sorting system according to claim 9, characterized in that a secondary air separation device (8) is further arranged behind the screening device to re-construct the construction waste of different particle sizes after screening Winnowing.
PCT/CN2019/116904 2018-11-09 2019-11-09 Construction waste separation system WO2020094141A1 (en)

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