WO2020094141A1

WO2020094141A1 - Construction waste separation system

Info

Publication number: WO2020094141A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/116904
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱兴良
Original assignee: 毛雪梅
Priority date: 2018-11-09
Filing date: 2019-11-09
Publication date: 2020-05-14
Also published as: WO2020094139A1; WO2020094142A1; WO2020094140A1; CN111167712A; CN111167714A; CN111167716A; CN111167713A

Abstract

A construction waste separation system comprises a crushing device, a winnowing device (2), and a screening device for screening winnowed construction waste. The crushing device, the winnowing device (2), and the screening device are sequentially disposed, and are connected to each other by means of a conveying device. The winnowing device (2) comprises a conveying portion for conveying construction waste and a separation portion for separating the construction waste during conveying of the construction waste. The separation portion comprises a material throwing mechanism for throwing the construction waste and a blowing mechanism for blowing the construction waste. The construction waste separation system separates the construction waste by means of winnowing, thereby avoiding secondary pollution. In addition, the screening device is provided behind the winnowing device (2), thereby effectively separating construction waste having different particle sizes. The separation effect and separation speed of construction waste are improved by means of cooperation between the winnowing device (2) and the screening device. The material throwing mechanism is provided on the winnowing device (2), such that light construction waste is easily blown, thereby further improving the separation effect.

Description

Building garbage sorting system

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste sorting system.

Background technique

With the acceleration of urbanization in China, a large amount of building demolition is accompanied by a large number of building demolition in the process of urban transformation. If not handled properly, it will cause environmental pollution and waste of resources. Construction waste usually includes concrete blocks and gravel blocks , Bricks and tiles, heavy steel and other heavy waste, including decorative gypsum board, wallpaper, plastic, cloth and other light waste, mixing all kinds of waste brings a lot of inconvenience to waste disposal and reuse. In order to fully reuse construction waste, it is necessary to sort the waste. At present, manual sorting, water separation and air separation are mostly used for the sorting of construction waste. Although manual sorting is accurate, it is time-consuming, labor-intensive and efficient. Very low and high labor cost; water separation is based on the specific gravity of the material. With the help of the buoyancy of the water, the low specific gravity floats on the surface of the water, and the specific gravity of the submerged conveyor belt is separated to achieve the separation. The separation effect is good, but it will produce a large amount of sewage, and a large amount of capital and energy will be required to treat the sewage afterwards. The compressed mud cake cannot be reused due to the addition of chemicals, causing pollution to the environment and wasting resources, which violates the environmental protection concept, and In the process of water separation, materials with a specific gravity equivalent to water will be suspended in the water and cannot be effectively separated, and some garbage of water-absorbing materials cannot be accurately separated; air separation is the use of wind to separate light and heavy materials , The use of light materials and heavy materials under the action of wind movement speed and different trajectory to achieve separation, will not cause sewage Secondary pollution, but because air separation is sorted according to the quality of the materials, materials with small specific gravity and materials with large specific gravity are often mixed together after sorting, which cannot be effectively separated, and after construction waste is crushed, Light materials and heavy materials are mixed together, and heavy materials often hinder the movement of light materials, so the separation effect depends on the wind alone, and the separation effect is not ideal; whether it is water separation or air separation, it is now In some sorting systems, the conveying equipment and the sorting equipment operate separately and independently, and a large number of conveying equipment are required to cooperate. The equipment manufacturing cost and operating cost are high, and the equipment covers a large area.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above technical problems in the construction waste sorting process, the present invention provides a construction waste sorting system, which uses wind separation to sort construction waste to avoid secondary pollution, and is equipped with screening equipment after the wind separation equipment to achieve Effective separation of construction waste of different particle sizes, through the cooperation of air separation equipment and screening equipment to improve the separation effect and separation speed of construction waste, the air separation equipment is equipped with a material throwing mechanism, which is conducive to the effective construction of light construction waste Improve the sorting effect.

The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

A construction waste sorting system, characterized in that it includes a crushing device for crushing construction waste, an air separation device for sorting the crushed construction waste, and a sieve for the air separation of construction waste The screening equipment, the crushing equipment, the air separation equipment, and the screening equipment are arranged in sequence and connected by the conveying equipment. The air separation equipment includes a conveying construction waste transportation department and sorts the construction waste during the construction waste transportation process The sorting section includes a throwing mechanism for throwing up construction waste and a wind supply mechanism for blowing construction waste. The above settings can ensure the separation effect. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with large specific gravity will be mixed together, and then through the screening equipment, construction waste with different particle sizes can be processed. Effective separation to improve the accuracy of sorting; and the air separation equipment includes a conveying section and a sorting section. The conveying section and the sorting section are effectively combined to achieve effective sorting during the construction waste transportation process and improve the sorting efficiency. And reduce the conveying equipment, streamline the construction waste disposal equipment, energy saving and environmental protection; the sorting department's material throwing mechanism and air supply mechanism will work together on construction waste. After the construction waste is thrown away, the gap between different construction wastes is loosely separated. State, easy to receive wind, avoid mixing and squeezing together when the construction waste is at rest, unable to fully receive the wind, and cannot achieve the separation effect, and in the process of throwing up and falling down, the different quality garbage mixed together can be preliminary Separation provides further favorable conditions for the separation of garbage by wind and makes the separation more adequate.

Preferably, the conveying part of the air separation equipment includes a conveyor belt carrying garbage and a driving wheel driving the conveyor belt. The driving wheel is rotatably installed on the frame, and the conveyor belt is tensioned on the driving wheel and equipped with The material end and the discharge end; the throwing mechanism is provided below the conveyor belt and can act on the conveyor belt to throw away construction waste on the conveyor belt, and the air supply mechanism includes a seal that buckles the cover above the conveyor belt A hood and an air inlet duct provided on the sealing hood, and a built-in fan is provided in the air inlet duct. The above settings can complete the separation of different quality garbage during the transportation of garbage. During the transportation of garbage by the transportation department, the material throwing mechanism and the air supply mechanism of the sorting department will work together on the garbage. After the garbage is thrown away It makes the gap between different garbage in a loosely separated state, which is convenient for wind, avoids the garbage squeezed together when it is still, cannot be fully subjected to wind, and cannot achieve the separation effect, and the garbage is thrown and dropped in the process of The garbage of different qualities mixed together can be preliminarily separated, which further provides favorable conditions for the garbage to be sorted by the wind, so as to make the separation more adequate; a sealing cover is provided above the conveyor belt, and an air inlet pipe is opened on the sealing cover, and the wind source passes through the inlet The air duct sends air into the sealing hood and blows the garbage, so that the speed difference of different quality garbage forms different motion trajectories to achieve the separation effect; the setting of the sealing hood forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt, which is beneficial to the garbage further wind Improve the sorting effect, and all the garbage can be restrained in the sealed cover, to avoid the garbage thrown up and scattered around after the wind, reduce the dust Dyeing and noise pollution.

Advantageously, the throwing mechanism includes a plurality of idler mounting brackets erected on both sides of the conveyor belt. The idler mounting brackets are all equipped with idler rollers, and the idler rollers are located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt, and It is arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, and a jack is vertically arranged under the supporting roller mounting frame. The jack can move up and down under the action of the power mechanism and drive the supporting roller mounting frame to move up and down. In the present invention, by setting the ejector rod under the supporting roller mounting frame, and then using the power mechanism to perform work on the ejector rod, the ejector rod drives the supporting roller mounting frame to move up and down, and the garbage on the conveyor belt can be thrown up. The throwing mechanism makes full use of the inherent components of the conventional conveying mechanism such as idler and idler mounting frame, so that they have the function of supporting and throwing at the same time, so that the structure of the mechanism is simpler and more compact, functional, practical, and adaptable It has stronger performance, and it can realize the material throwing by modifying the existing conveying mechanism, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.

Preferably, the rack is provided with an external fan on the side of the discharge end, and the external fan is covered with a wind hood, and the front end of the wind hood has a wind nozzle. The external fan can make the garbage receive wind again when it drops from the discharge port to improve the sorting effect. The front end of the wind hood is integrated with a flat mouth shaped wind nozzle, the width of the wind nozzle is consistent with the width of the discharge port, and the height of the wind nozzle Below the discharge port, the above setting wind force is more concentrated, and the falling garbage can be evenly subjected to the wind, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieves a better separation effect.

Preferably, a material collecting device is further provided below the discharge end, and the material collecting device includes an installation base frame and a partition plate, and a slide rail is arranged on the installation base frame, and a plurality of pieces matched with the slide rail are arranged in the slide rail In the slider, the partition board is slidably installed on the installation chassis through the slider, and the sliding direction of the partition board is consistent with the discharge direction of the construction waste. The above settings can adjust the baffle to a suitable position according to the specific conditions of construction waste type, conveyor belt speed, wind speed, etc., to better sort and collect construction waste, to avoid the construction of the separation after inappropriate partition spacing The rubbish is mixed again.

Preferably, the partition plate is rotatably hinged on the slider, and the installation angle of the partition plate is adjustable and can be locked by the positioning device. The baffle is rotatably hinged on the slider, and the installation angle of the baffle can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to adjust the spacing of the upper end of the baffle without changing the spacing of the lower end of the baffle, thereby forming garbage inlets with different widths Cooperate with the sorted garbage, and the spacing of the lower end of the partition plate is unchanged, which is convenient for setting up a conveyor belt, so as to transport the sorted different garbage to the screening equipment.

Preferably, a conveying device for conveying the sorted construction waste to the screening device is provided between the partitions. The above settings can reduce the number of construction waste transfer transportation, streamline the transportation equipment, and improve the separation efficiency.

Preferably, a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation and decontamination of construction waste is provided between the crushing equipment and the air separation equipment, the magnetic separation device is provided on the conveying equipment, and the construction waste is transported from the crushing equipment to the air separation In the process of the equipment, magnetic separation and impurity removal are completed. Magnetic separation is beneficial to wind separation and screening of construction waste, and the magnetic separation device is directly installed on the conveying equipment. Once again, the separation equipment and the conveying equipment are effectively combined, and the magnetic separation is completed during the construction waste transportation process. Eliminate impurities, improve the sorting efficiency, reduce the conveying equipment, and simplify the equipment of the sorting system.

Preferably, the magnetic separation device is provided on a magnetic separation conveyor, and the magnetic separation conveyor includes a frame, a driving roller and a magnetic separation roller are installed at both ends of the frame, and a conveyance is tensioned between the driving roller and the magnetic separation roller Belt, the driving roller is located at the feeding end of the conveyor belt, and the magnetic separation roller is located at the discharging end of the conveyor belt. The above settings effectively combine the magnetic separation device and the belt conveyor, with simple structure and reliable operation.

Preferably, the aggregate device includes 4 partitions, from left to right are the first partition, the second partition, the third partition, the fourth partition, the first partition and the second partition A heavy-weight aggregate area is formed between the second separator and the third separator, and a medium-weight aggregate area is formed between the third separator and the fourth separator. A light-weight aggregate area is formed between the third separator and the fourth separator. There is a first belt conveyor between the two partitions. The feed end of the first belt conveyor receives the heavy material after air separation, and conveys the heavy material to the first belt conveyor below the discharge end of the first belt conveyor. Screening by vibrating screen; there is a second belt conveyor between the second separator and the third separator. The feed end of the second belt conveyor receives the wind-separated intermediate material and conveys the intermediate material to the The second vibrating screen below the discharge end of the second belt conveyor is used for screening; a third belt conveyor is provided between the third separator and the fourth separator, and the inlet end of the third belt conveyor is directly accepted by air separation The light material is transported to the third vibrating screen located below the discharge end of the third belt conveyor for screening. The above settings can ensure the separation effect. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with large specific gravity will be mixed together, and then through the screening equipment, construction waste with different particle sizes can be processed. Effective separation to improve the accuracy of sorting. Air separation equipment sorts construction waste according to weight. Vibration screen sorts construction waste according to particle size. The effective separation of air separation equipment and vibration screen completes the separation of construction waste The quality and speed of sorting and sorting can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device and the belt conveyor, the wind-selected construction waste will quickly and efficiently enter the vibrating screen for screening, the equipment is connected in front and back, and the logistics operation is efficient and smooth , Significantly improve the sorting efficiency of construction waste.

Preferably, a secondary air separation device is further arranged behind the screening device to re-air separate the construction waste with different particle sizes after screening. Air separation again improves the sorting accuracy of construction waste and is beneficial to the treatment and reuse of construction waste.

Preferably, the first-stage crushing equipment includes a multi-stage crushing jaw crusher. The multi-stage crushing jaw crusher includes two crushing chambers, a side crushing chamber and a bottom crushing chamber. The side crushing chamber and the bottom crushing chamber are in phase. It is conductive and has a double-crank rocker mechanism, which can crush construction waste in multiple stages. The use of multi-stage crushing jaw crusher can reduce the setting of crushing equipment, and one crushing equipment can perform multi-stage crushing of construction waste to meet the requirements of crushing particle size, energy saving and environmental protection.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects

1. In the construction waste sorting system disclosed in the present invention, the sorting equipment uses wind force to sort the construction waste, avoiding the generation of sewage, and the sorting equipment is covered with a sealed cover to reduce dust pollution and noise pollution.

2. The air separation equipment includes the air supply mechanism and the material throwing mechanism. Through the combined action of the air supply and the material throwing, the separation effect of construction waste is better, which is beneficial to the reuse of construction waste, environmental protection and energy saving.

3. The separation equipment and magnetic separation equipment are effectively combined with the conveying equipment, and the air separation and magnetic separation are completed during the construction waste transportation process, which greatly improves the construction waste separation efficiency, reduces the transportation equipment and the number of transportation, and simplifies With the equipment of the sorting system, energy saving and emission reduction reduce the floor space.

4. There is also a screening device behind the air separation equipment. The air separation is based on the quality of construction waste, and then the construction equipment of different particle sizes can be effectively separated by the screening equipment to improve the accuracy of the separation and benefit the construction waste. Reuse, environmental protection and energy saving.

5. The baffle of the collecting device is set in an adjustable state. The above settings can adjust the baffle to a suitable position according to the specific conditions of construction waste type, conveyor belt speed, wind speed, etc., so as to better sort and collect construction waste To avoid the inappropriate setting of the partition spacing, the construction waste after sorting is mixed together, and by adjusting the installation angle of the partition, garbage inlets with different widths can be formed to match the sorted garbage. The spacing at the lower end of the partition It is easy to set up the conveyor belt to transport the garbage of different qualities to the screening equipment after sorting, improve the coordination and operation continuity of each equipment in the sorting system, and improve the sorting efficiency.

6. The air separation equipment and magnetic separation equipment of the present invention make full use of the existing components of the conveying equipment, improve the practicability and adaptability of the sorting equipment, can directly modify and assemble the existing conveying equipment, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of a throwing mechanism of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural view of a roller mounting frame and a cam of an air separation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a partition installation method in the aggregate device of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air separation device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting roller mounting frame and the hydraulic cylinder of the air separation equipment in the second embodiment of the present invention;

In the picture, 1. Multi-stage crushing jaw crusher; 11. Side crushing cavity; 12. Bottom crushing cavity; 13. First crank rocker mechanism; 14. Second crank rocker mechanism; 15. Guide hopper; 2 .Wind separation equipment; 21. Conveyor belt; 211. Driving wheel; 212. Passive wheel; 22. External fan; 221. Air hood; 222. Air nozzle; 23. Feed bin; 24. Sealing hood; Air duct; 251. Built-in fan; 26. Roller mounting bracket; 261. Roller; 262. Mounting beam; 263. Correction rod; 264. Bottom beam; 265. Buffer spring; 266. Limit base; 27. Top Rod; 28. cam; 281. first arc wall; 282. second arc wall; 283. driving gear; 284. passive gear; 285. transmission chain; 286. power input shaft; 29. hydraulic cylinder; 291. Piston rod; 31. First vibrating screen; 32. Second vibrating screen; 33. Third vibrating screen; 4. Magnetic separator conveyor; 41. Drive roller; 42. Magnetic separator roller; 43. Metal collection box; 51. First belt conveyor; 52. Second belt conveyor; 53. Third belt conveyor; 54. Fourth belt conveyor; 6. Collecting device; 61. First separator; 62. Second separator; 63. Third baffle; 64. Fourth baffle; 65. Install underframe; 66. Slider; 661. Adjust ;. Positioning pin 662;. 663 mounting shaft;. 7 rack; 8 two winnowing equipment; 9 feeder.

detailed description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Embodiment 1, referring to FIGS. 1-6, this embodiment discloses a construction waste sorting system, which includes crushing equipment, air separation equipment 2, and screening equipment, and is connected by a conveying equipment. There are many crushing equipment in this embodiment -Level crushing jaw crusher 1, the screening equipment is a vibrating screen, and the conveying equipment is a belt conveyor. From left to right, a multi-level crushing jaw crusher 1, a magnetic separation conveyor 4, an air separation equipment 2, a belt Conveyor, vibrating screen, multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 outlet through the hopper 15 extends to the top of the magnetic separator conveyor 4, the output end of the magnetic separator conveyor 4 is located in the air separation equipment 2 feed Above the bunker 23, a first belt conveyor 51, a second belt conveyor 52, a third belt conveyor 53 are installed between the partitions of the collecting device 6 of the air separation equipment 2 respectively, and the feeding end of the belt conveyor Located between the partitions, the discharge end of the first belt conveyor 51 is located above the inlet of the first vibrating screen 31, and the discharge end of the second belt conveyor 52 is located above the inlet of the second vibrating screen 32, The discharge end of the third belt conveyor 53 is located above the feed opening of the third vibrating screen 33 Fang, the above constitutes the entire construction waste sorting system, and each equipment closely cooperates to complete the sorting of construction waste.

The multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 includes two crushing chambers, a side crushing chamber 11 and a bottom crushing chamber 12, the side crushing chamber 11 and the bottom crushing chamber 12 communicate with each other, and is provided with a first crank rocker mechanism 13 and a second Rocker mechanism 14, multi-stage crushing can be achieved by using one crusher, no need to install multiple crushers for multi-stage crushing of construction waste, streamline the crushing equipment, improve construction waste sorting efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction, multi-stage The crushing mechanism of the crushing jaw crusher 1 can be found in the Chinese invention previously applied by the inventor, the application number is CN201110336940.4, and the name of the invention is: a single-machine crushing production line; multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 and air separation equipment 2 There is a magnetic separation conveyor 4 for magnetic separation and decontamination of construction waste. The magnetic separation conveyor 4 includes a frame 7. A drive roller 41 and a magnetic separation roller 42 are installed at both ends of the frame 7. The drive roller 41 and the magnetic There is a conveyor belt 21 tensioned between the selection rollers 42, the drive roller 41 is located at the feed end of the conveyor belt 21, the magnetic separation roller 42 is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 21, and the drive roller 41 is in drive connection with a drive motor. The magnetic separator roller 42 serves as a driven roller in the driving roller 41 When driven to rotate, a permanent magnet is installed inside the magnetic separation roller 42, and a metal collection box 43 is provided below the magnetic separation roller 42. The above settings effectively combine the magnetic separation device and the belt conveyor. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. The magnetic separation and impurity removal are completed during the construction waste transportation process, which improves the separation efficiency, reduces the transportation equipment, and simplifies. With the equipment of the sorting system, the magnetic separation is helpful for air separation of construction waste.

The air separation equipment 2 includes a feed bin 23, a sorting section, a conveying section, a collecting device 6 and a rack 7. The conveying section includes a conveyor belt 21 carrying garbage and a driving wheel that drives the conveyor belt 21 to operate. The conveyor belt 21 is provided with a feeding end and a discharging end and is tensioned on two driving wheels. The driving wheels are rotatably installed at both ends of the frame 7, the driving wheel 211 is installed at the discharging end, and the passive wheel 212 is installed At the feed end, the driving wheel 211 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and rotates under the drive of the motor to drive the conveyor belt to transport garbage. The feed bin 23 is a funnel shaped up and down, and is provided at the feed end. Below, the collecting device 6 is located near the discharge end and is located below the discharge end.

The sorting section includes a throwing mechanism and an air supply mechanism. The air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 24 that buckles the cover above the conveyor belt 21, and air inlet ducts 25 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sealing cover 24. A built-in fan 251 is installed. The air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover 24 buckled over the conveyor belt 21, and air inlet ducts 25 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sealing cover 24. A built-in fan 251 is installed in the air inlet duct 25. There are multiple groups of air inlet ducts 25. In this embodiment, three groups are arranged on both sides of the sealing cover 24 at intervals. During the transportation process, garbage is constantly thrown up and subjected to wind, so that garbage of different qualities is transported. Separation is achieved; the air inlet duct 25 is installed obliquely on the sealing cover 24, and the inclination angle is 45 degrees. The above setting can make the garbage not only receive upward force but also forward force when the wind is received, which is conducive to the separation of garbage And transportation, improve the separation and transportation efficiency; the cross-section of the air inlet pipe 25 gradually decreases along the air inlet direction, this setting can make the wind more concentrated, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieve a better separation effect ; Machine on both sides of conveyor belt 21 7 The upper surface is provided with a chute. The lower edge of the sealing cover 24 is fixedly installed with a pulley that cooperates with the chute. The sealing cover 24 is slidably installed on the frame 7 through the pulley. The sealing cover 24 adopts this installation method to facilitate Open the sealing cover 24 to maintain the equipment; the inner wall of the sealing cover 24 is symmetrically installed with a baffle, the baffle is located above the pulley, the width of the baffle is the same as the installation gap of the sealing cover 24 and the frame 7, the baffle is provided The plate is to block the installation gap between the sealing cover 24 and the frame 7 to further improve the sealing performance of the sealing cover 24, and the baffle is provided above the pulley to be able to accept scattered garbage and avoid the garbage falling on the chute and pulley to affect They cooperate, and the scattered garbage is easier to clean up; the sealing cover 24 is provided with a feeding port above the feeding end, and a feeding bin 23 is installed on the feeding port, and the sealing cover 24 is provided with a discharging port at the discharging end. The feed bin 23 enters the sealing cover 24 and falls to the conveying belt of the conveyor belt 21, and then discharges from the discharge port. The installation of the sealing cover 24 forms a sealed air duct above the conveyor belt 21, which is beneficial to the garbage to further improve the separation effect by the wind, and can restrain the garbage in the sealing cover 24, to avoid the garbage thrown up and scattered around after the wind, Reduce dust pollution and noise pollution. In the process of conveying garbage to the conveyor belt 21, the throwing mechanism and the air supply mechanism will work together on the garbage. After the garbage is thrown, the gap between different garbage is loosely separated, which is convenient for the wind and avoids the garbage at a static state. Mixed and squeezed together, the wind cannot be fully received, and the separation effect cannot be achieved. In the process of throwing up and falling down, the garbage of different qualities mixed together can be preliminarily separated, which provides further advantages for the separation of garbage by wind Conditions to make sorting more adequate.

The throwing mechanism includes a plurality of idler mounting brackets 26 erected on the racks 7 on both sides of the conveyor belt 21. In this embodiment, there are seven idler mounting brackets 26. The spacing between the mounting brackets at the feed end is small to improve The carrying capacity of the feeding end, the supporting roller mounting frame 26 is equipped with supporting rollers 261, the supporting roller 261 is located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 21, and is arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21, the supporting roller mounting frame 26 is a belt The conventional roller mounting frame 26 used on the conveyor includes two mounting beams 262 arranged longitudinally, the mounting beams 262 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 21, the bottom of the mounting beam 262 is connected by a bottom beam 264, the rollers 261 is installed between the two installation beams 262, and the upper end of the installation beam 262 is installed with a deflection correction rod 263 to prevent the conveyor belt 21 from shifting. The deflection correction rods 263 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 21. The deflection occurs when the supporting roller 261 acts upwards, so as to ensure the normal operation of the conveyor belt 21 and the material throwing effect. The deviation correction rod 263 is a cylinder to reduce the wear on the conveyor belt 21. In this embodiment, by providing a jack 27 under the roller mounting frame 26, and then using the power mechanism to do work on the jack 27, the jack 27 can drive the roller mounting frame 26 to move upward, and the garbage on the conveyor belt 21 can be realized. Tossing up, the throwing mechanism in this embodiment makes full use of the inherent components of the conventional conveying mechanism, such as the idler 261 and idler mounting frame 26, so that they have the functions of supporting and ejecting at the same time, thereby making the structure of the mechanism simpler and more compact , The function, practicability and adaptability are stronger, and the existing conveying mechanism can be transformed to realize material throwing, and the manufacturing cost and operating cost are low.

The frame 7 on both sides of the conveyor belt 21 is symmetrically welded with a limit base 266. In this embodiment, there are 7 sets of limit bases 266. Each idler mounting frame 26 is limited to one set of limit bases 266. The setting of the limit base 266 is to ensure that the supporting roller mounting frame 26 can only move up and down to realize the material throwing, avoid its movement back and forth or left and right on the rack 7, affect its material throwing and supporting effect, and make full use of the kinetic energy provided by the power mechanism Carry out effective throwing, and can firmly support the conveyor belt 21 and the garbage on the conveyor belt 21 on the support; the bottom end surface of the installation beam 262 is provided with a buffer, in this embodiment, a buffer spring 265 is used as a buffer, The arrangement of the buffer spring 265 can effectively reduce the impact force generated on the frame 7 when the idler mounting frame 26 falls, thereby prolonging the service life of the device and reducing noise.

In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a cam 28 located below the jack 27. The cam 28 is fixed to the first end of the power input shaft 286, and the second end of the power input shaft 286 is connected to the motor through a transmission device. The cam 28 includes a first arc wall 281 and a second arc wall 282, the first arc wall 281 and the second arc wall 282 are connected by a tangent line, and the first arc wall 281 abuts against the top of the jack 27 At the lower end, the jack 27 is lifted up and drives the roller mounting bracket 26 to move upward. When the second arc wall 282 abuts against the lower end of the jack 27, the jack 27 is restored to its original position under the gravity of the roller mounting bracket 26 Position, the jack 27 is restored to the original position, the cam 28 mechanism is used as the power mechanism is simple and reliable, easy to maintain, and can make full use of the space below the conveyor belt 21, making the structure of the entire device more compact and reasonable; the transmission device includes solid The driving gear 283 provided on the output shaft of the second motor, the transmission chain 285 meshing with the driving gear 283, and also includes a passive gear 284 fixed on the second end of the power input shaft 286. In this embodiment, there are seven passive gears 284. 28 with each cam Used in cooperation with each idler mounting frame 26, the passive gear 284 also meshes with the drive chain 285. Through the cooperation of the drive gear 283, the passive gear 284 and the drive chain 285, one motor can drive all the cams 28 to run, saving energy And easy to control and maintain.

An external fan 22 is installed on the rack 7 at the discharge end. The external fan 22 can make the garbage receive the wind again when it falls from the discharge port to improve the separation effect. The external fan 22 is covered with a wind hood 221. The front end of the cover 221 is integrally formed with a flat-nozzle-shaped air nozzle 222, the width of the air nozzle 222 is the same as the width of the discharge port, the height of the air nozzle 222 is lower than the discharge port, the above setting wind force is more concentrated, and can be dropped The garbage is evenly affected by the wind, so that the garbage is better affected by the wind and achieves a better separation effect.

The collecting device 6 includes a mounting base 65, which is a rectangular frame structure and is welded by four supporting rods. The mounting base 65 is fixed to the ground to effectively support the partition plates, which are parallel to each other. The upper surface of the two support rods is provided with a slideway, and a plurality of sliders 66 matched with the slideway are installed in the slideway. The above settings can adjust the partition to the specific conditions of the type of construction waste, the conveyor belt 21 conveyor speed, wind speed, etc. Appropriate location, to better sort and collect construction waste, to avoid the inappropriate setting of the spacing of the partitions, which will cause the sorted construction waste to be mixed together again. In this embodiment, there are four sliders 66. The slider 66 includes a sliding part and a mounting part. The sliding part is embedded in the slideway for sliding. The mounting part is hinged with a partition plate, and a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the mounting part. The partition plate The lower part is fixedly welded with a mounting shaft 663, and the mounting shaft 663 is hinged in the mounting hole. Both the mounting hole and the periphery of the mounting shaft 663 are provided with matching adjustment holes 661, and the positioning holes for positioning the partition are inserted into the adjustment holes 661. Pin 662, the baffle plate is rotatably hinged on the slider 66, and the installation angle of the baffle plate can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to realize the adjustment of the top plate spacing without changing the bottom plate spacing, thereby forming different widths The garbage inlet is used to match the sorted garbage, and the distance between the lower ends of the partitions is unchanged. It is convenient to set up a belt conveyor to transport the sorted different garbage to the screening equipment.

The four partitions of the aggregate device 6 are, from left to right, a first partition 61, a second partition 62, a third partition 63, a fourth partition 64, a first partition 61, and a second partition 62 A heavy-weight aggregate area is formed between the second separator 62 and the third separator 63, a medium-weight aggregate area is formed, and a third separator 63 and a fourth separator 64 form a light-weight aggregate area. A first belt conveyor 51 is provided between a partition 61 and a second partition 62. The feed end of the first belt conveyor 51 directly receives the heavy material after air separation, and transports the heavy material to the first The first vibrating screen 31 below the discharge end of the belt conveyor 51 performs screening; a second belt conveyor 52 is provided between the second separator 62 and the third separator 63, and the feeding end of the second belt conveyor 52 is directly Undertake the wind-separated intermediate material, and transfer the intermediate material to the second vibrating screen 32 located below the discharge end of the second belt conveyor 52 for screening; a third separator 63 and a fourth separator 64 are provided between The third belt conveyor 53, the feed end of the third belt conveyor 53 directly receives the light material after air separation, and conveys the light material to the output end of the third belt conveyor 53 The third vibrating screen 33 is used for screening; the above settings can ensure the separation effect. The construction waste after the wind separation, the construction waste with a small specific gravity and the construction waste with a small specific volume will be mixed together, and then pass through the screening equipment It can effectively separate the construction waste of different particle sizes to improve the accuracy of sorting. The air separation equipment 2 sorts the construction waste according to the weight, and the vibrating screen sorts the construction waste according to the particle size. The air separation equipment 2 and The effective coordination of the vibrating screen completes the sorting of construction waste, and the sorting quality and sorting speed can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device 6 and the belt conveyor, the wind-selected construction waste will enter quickly and efficiently The vibrating screen is used for screening, the equipment is connected in one go, the logistics operation is efficient and smooth, and the separation efficiency of construction waste is greatly improved.

The working principle of the construction waste sorting system disclosed in this embodiment is that the garbage enters the multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 by the conveyor belt 21 for crushing. The multi-stage crushing jaw crusher 1 has multi-stage crushing capacity, and the construction waste is crushed After that, the discharge port of the multi-stage crusher-to-jaw crusher 1 falls to the feed end of the magnetic separation conveyor 4 through the hopper 15 and the construction waste is transported to the magnetic separation conveyor 4 by the magnetic separation conveyor 4 At the discharge end, construction waste made of metal cannot be rid of the magnetic force of the magnetic separator roller 42 due to the magnetic force of the magnetic separator roller 42 and continues to follow the belt of the magnetic separator conveyor 4 until it leaves the magnetic force range of the magnetic separator roller 42 and falls to the metal collection Box 43; construction waste of other non-metallic materials is dropped from the discharge end of the magnetic separation conveyor 4 into the feed bin 23 of the air separation equipment 2, and the construction waste enters the sealed cover 24 from the feed bin 23 and falls in At the feed end of the conveyor belt 21, the conveyor belt drives the construction waste to the discharge end under the drive of the driving wheel 211. During the transportation of construction waste, the second motor drives the driving gear 283 to run, and the driving gear 283 passes through the transmission chain 285 Drive belt The driven gear 284 runs, and the driven gear 284 drives the cam 28 through the power input shaft 286. When the first arc wall 281 of the cam 28 abuts against the lower end of the jack 27, the jack 27 is lifted up and drives the roller mounting bracket 26 moves upward, so that the supporting roller 261 moves upward to act on the conveyor belt 21 and throws up the garbage on the conveyor belt 21, when the second arc wall 282 abuts the lower end of the ejector rod 27, the ejector rod 27 is on the supporting roller mounting frame 26 to return to the original position under the action of gravity, garbage in the process of throwing and falling due to different mass gravity, different falling speed and movement trajectory, garbage will be initially separated, garbage will also be built in during transportation and throwing The wind of the fan 251 is blown on three sides of the sealed cover 24 at three intervals, so the garbage is continuously subjected to wind during the entire transportation process, and the garbage is better affected by the wind during the dynamic process of throwing and falling, and the garbage is dynamically When there is a gap between each other, it is in a loose state, which is convenient for wind, to avoid all kinds of garbage being mixed together and squeezing each other, which affects the wind. When the garbage is delivered to the discharge port, it is thrown and Under the common effect of blowing, different quality wastes have been distributed in different areas and levels, and different weights of wastes have different speeds. When the wastes fall from the discharge port, they will form different trajectories to achieve separation, transportation, and disposal. The material and air supply are carried out in the sealed cover 24, and the garbage is confined in the sealed cover 24 to prevent the garbage from being thrown up and scattered around the wind, reducing dust pollution and noise pollution, and the sealing cover 24 forming an air duct can further improve Due to the wind effect, when the garbage falls from the discharge port, it is blown by the external fan 22 again, so that the separation effect is better. The separator of the collecting device 6 is adjusted to an appropriate position according to the discharge path of the garbage, so that the separation After the garbage can be accurately dropped into the designated collection area, to avoid the separation of the garbage after the material is mixed again; the heavy material after the wind separation falls between the first partition 61 and the second partition 62 The formed heavy material collecting area directly falls on the feeding end of the first belt conveyor 51, and the first belt conveyor 51 conveys the heavy material to the first vibrating screen located below the outlet end of the first belt conveyor 51 31 conducted After the air separation, the light material falls in the light material collection area formed between the third separator 63 and the fourth separator 64, and directly falls on the feeding end of the third belt conveyor 53, the third belt The conveyor 53 conveys the light material to the third vibrating screen 33 located below the discharge end of the third belt conveyor 53 for screening. After the air separation, the intermediate material with a mass between the heavy material and the light material falls in the second compartment The intermediate material collection area formed between the plate 62 and the third partition plate 63 falls directly on the feeding end of the second belt conveyor 52, and the second belt conveyor 52 conveys the intermediate material to the second belt conveyor 52. The second vibrating screen 32 below the discharge end is used for screening. After the air separation, the construction waste, construction waste with small specific gravity and construction waste with small specific gravity will be mixed together. The construction waste of particle size is effectively separated to improve the accuracy of sorting. The air separation equipment 2 sorts the construction waste according to the weight, and the vibrating screen sorts the construction waste according to the particle size. The air separation equipment 2 and the vibrating screen Effectively cooperate to complete the sorting of construction waste, sorting quality and speed Both can be effectively guaranteed, and through the cooperation of the aggregate device 6 and the belt conveyor, the air-selected construction waste will quickly and efficiently enter the vibrating screen for screening. Sorting efficiency.

The second embodiment, referring to FIGS. 6-9, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the power mechanism of the ejection mechanism of the air separation device 2 is a hydraulic cylinder 29, and the piston rod 291 of the hydraulic cylinder 29 abuts on the jack 27 At the lower end, during the transportation of construction waste, the hydraulic cylinder 29 works, and the piston rod 291 of the hydraulic cylinder 29 acts on the jack 27. The jack 27 drives the roller mounting frame 26 to move up and down, so that the roller 261 moves up and down and acts on The conveyor belt 21 throws up the garbage on the conveyor belt 21, the piston rod 291 expands and contracts, and the top rod 27 rises or moves downward to make the conveyor belt 21 vibrate to realize the throwing. The other equipment and operating principles are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the A fourth belt conveyor 54 is added to the rear of the second vibrating screen 32. The feed end of the fourth belt conveyor 54 is located below the discharge port of the second vibrating screen 32, and conveys the screened intermediate material through the screen. To secondary air separation equipment 8 for re-air separation, because the intermediate material is between heavy material and light material, there are many types of mixed construction waste. After the intermediate material is sieved, the volume of the screened material is smaller and the quality is lighter , Another air separation can achieve a good separation effect.

It should be understood that in the claims and the description of the present invention, all "including ..." should be understood as an open-ended meaning, that is, the meaning is equivalent to "including at least ...", and should not be understood as a closed-ended one. Meaning, meaning that it should not be understood as "contains only ...". The terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. The terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, In other words, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. The terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. indicate orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description. It does not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation or positional relationship, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, changes, modifications, additions or replacements made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention , Should be covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

A construction waste sorting system, characterized in that it includes a crushing device for crushing construction waste, a wind separation device (2) for sorting the crushed construction waste, and a construction waste after wind separation Screening equipment for screening. The crushing equipment, air separation equipment (2), and screen equipment are arranged in sequence and connected by conveying equipment. The air separation equipment (2) includes a conveying section for conveying construction waste and a building A sorting section for sorting construction waste during the garbage transportation process. The sorting section includes a throwing mechanism for throwing up construction waste and a wind supply mechanism for blowing construction waste.
The construction waste sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveying part of the air separation equipment (2) includes a conveying belt (21) carrying garbage and a driving wheel driving the conveying belt (21) to operate , The transmission wheel is rotatably installed on the frame (7), the conveyor belt (21) is tensioned on the transmission wheel and has a feed end and a discharge end; the throwing mechanism is provided on the conveyor belt (21) And can act on the conveyor belt (21) to throw away construction waste on the conveyor belt (21). The air supply mechanism includes a sealing cover (24) that buckles the conveyor belt (21) above and is provided An air inlet duct (25) on the sealing cover (24) is provided with a built-in fan (251).
A construction waste sorting system according to claim 2, characterized in that the throwing mechanism comprises a plurality of roller mounting brackets (26) erected on the frame (7) on both sides of the conveyor belt (21) Support rollers (261) are installed on the supporting roller mounting frame (26). The supporting rollers (261) are located below the conveying surface of the conveyor belt (21) and are arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21). An ejector rod (27) is vertically provided under the mounting frame (26), and the ejector rod (27) can move up and down under the action of a power mechanism and drive the roller mounting frame (26) to move up and down to realize material throwing.
A construction waste sorting system according to claim 3, characterized in that an external fan (22) is provided on one side of the frame (7) at the discharge end, and the external fan (22) is provided with The wind hood (221) has a wind nozzle (222) at the front end.
A construction waste sorting system according to claim 4, characterized in that a material collection device (6) is further provided below the discharge end, and the material collection device (6) includes an installation base frame (65) And a plurality of partition plates, a slide rail is provided on the mounting base frame (65), and a plurality of slide blocks (66) matched with the slide rails are provided in the slide rail, and the partition plates are slidably installed through the slide blocks (66) On the installation base frame (65), the sliding direction of the partition is consistent with the discharge direction of construction waste.
A construction waste sorting system according to claim 5, characterized in that the partition is rotatably hinged on the slider (66), and the installation angle of the partition is adjustable and can be locked by a positioning device.
The construction waste sorting system according to claim 6, wherein a conveying device for conveying the sorted construction waste to the screening equipment is provided between the partitions.
A construction waste sorting system according to claim 7, characterized in that the aggregate device (6) includes 4 partitions, from left to right are a first partition (61) and a second partition The plate (62), the third partition (63), the fourth partition (64), the heavy partition area is formed between the first partition (61) and the second partition (62), and the second partition ( 62) and the third partition (63) form an intermediate material collection area, the third partition (63) and the fourth partition (64) form a light material collection area, the first partition (61) A first belt conveyor (51) is provided between the second partition (62), and the feed end of the first belt conveyor (51) receives the air-selected heavy material and transports the heavy material to the A first vibrating screen (31) below the discharge end of a belt conveyor (51) is used for screening; a second belt conveyor (52) is provided between the second separator (62) and the third separator (63), The feed end of the second belt conveyor (52) accepts the air-separated intermediate material, and conveys the intermediate material to the second vibrating screen (32) located below the outlet end of the second belt conveyor (52) for screening ; A third belt conveyor (53) is provided between the third partition (63) and the fourth partition (64), the first Belt conveyor (53) directly to the feed end of the light receiving material after winnowing, and conveyed to the light material is located in the third belt conveyor (53) the end of the third screening material beneath the shaker (33).
A construction waste sorting system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, wherein the crushing device and the air separation device (2) are provided for building A magnetic separation device for magnetic separation and removal of garbage. The magnetic separation device is provided on a conveying device and completes the magnetic separation and removal of impurities during the process of transporting construction waste from the crushing device to the wind separation device (2).
A construction waste sorting system according to claim 9, characterized in that a secondary air separation device (8) is further arranged behind the screening device to re-construct the construction waste of different particle sizes after screening Winnowing.