CN114653590B

CN114653590B - Light material sorting device and sorting method capable of reducing energy consumption

Info

Publication number: CN114653590B
Application number: CN202210317688.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖雄鸣; 严慈鹏; 王成; 张勇
Original assignee: Huaqiao University
Current assignee: Huaqiao University
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2023-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-29
Also published as: CN114653590A

Abstract

The invention discloses a light material sorting device and a sorting method capable of reducing energy consumption, comprising a feeding hole, an air blowing device, a conveyor belt, an air suction device, an air nozzle, a negative pressure roller and an industrial camera, wherein the conveyor belt is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding hole; the tail end of the conveyor belt is provided with a negative pressure roller, and light materials on the conveyor belt are blown to the negative pressure roller through an air nozzle and then fall into a first material box or directly fall into a second material box under the action of dead weight; an industrial camera is arranged above the tail end of the conveyor belt, and is used for shooting light materials. The arrangement of the invention can reduce the area of the flow field and reduce the energy consumption; meanwhile, a screen conveyer belt is selected, so that a relatively closed space is formed to recycle wind power in the sorting device, and the energy consumption of the sorting device is reduced.

Description

Light material sorting device and sorting method capable of reducing energy consumption

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of light material separation, in particular to a light material separation device and a light material separation method capable of reducing energy consumption.

Background

Currently, it is difficult to efficiently sort light materials (films, sheets) by wind force sorting. In the high-speed conveying process, the light material is light and has larger windage resistance, can not synchronously move along with the conveying device, and is difficult to ensure the sorting accuracy. A flow field (in the conveying direction, to eliminate the effect of wind resistance) needs to be added above the conveyor to ensure sorting accuracy. And the flow field area required above the conveyor is large, and the energy consumption required by the flow field is large.

On the premise of meeting the sorting accuracy, the energy consumption of the conveyor belt and the sorting rapidity (the amount of sorting materials in unit time) are two aspects of mutual influence. Generally, improving the rapidity of sorting requires improving the conveying speed. This itself increases the energy consumption of the conveyor belt, and the speed of the lightweight material is positively correlated with the blocked force, which also increases the energy consumption of the flow field generation.

In order to solve the problems of low separation accuracy and low separation speed, a new light material separation device needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a light material sorting device and a sorting method capable of reducing energy consumption, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, and the energy consumption of the sorting device is reduced by wind power recycling while the sorting accuracy and the sorting rapidity are met.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a light material sorting device capable of reducing energy consumption, which comprises a feeding hole, an air blowing device, a conveyor belt, an air suction device, an air tap, a negative pressure roller and an industrial camera, wherein the conveyor belt is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding hole; the tail end of the conveyor belt is provided with a negative pressure roller, and light materials on the conveyor belt are blown to the negative pressure roller through the air tap and then fall into a first material box or directly fall into a second material box under the action of dead weight; the industrial camera is arranged above the tail end of the conveyor belt and is used for shooting light materials.

Preferably, the conveyor belt is a screen conveyor belt.

Preferably, the device further comprises an outer shell, and the conveyor belt part where the feeding port, the blowing device and the suction device are located is located in the outer shell.

Preferably, the device also comprises a fan and a dust removing device, wherein the fan sucks gas through the air sucking device and the negative pressure roller, and the gas is discharged through the air blowing device and the air nozzle through the air pipe after being dedusted by the dust removing device.

Preferably, a baffle is connected to the outer side of the negative pressure roller, and the end of the baffle is provided with the first material box.

Preferably, the negative pressure roller comprises an inner negative pressure cylinder and an outer screen layer, the inner negative pressure cylinder is fixed, a partition plate is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner negative pressure cylinder, one side of the inner negative pressure cylinder, facing the conveyor belt, is a negative pressure area, and the position, close to the baffle, is a non-negative pressure area.

Preferably, the first material box and the second material box are used for containing different types of light materials.

The invention also provides a light material sorting method for reducing energy consumption, which is applied to the light material sorting device for reducing energy consumption, and comprises the following steps:

the light materials to be sorted enter a sorting device from a feed inlet, the light materials to be sorted are blown away by a blowing device, and the light materials are scattered and adsorbed on a screen of a conveyor belt under the action of dead weight and a suction device; when the conveyor belt conveys, the industrial camera above the conveyor belt shoots, and the control center of the sorting device controls the action of the air tap through the feedback of the photo shot by the industrial camera; when the air tap works, the light materials to be sorted rotate under the adsorption action of the negative pressure roller, then enter the first material box along with the baffle plate, and when the air tap does not work, the light materials to be sorted enter the second material box under the dead weight.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

according to the light material sorting device and the light material sorting method capable of reducing energy consumption, the air blowing device is additionally arranged on the side edge of the conveyor belt, so that the problem of light material coverage is solved, meanwhile, the average speed of feeding materials at the feed inlet can be indirectly improved, the sorting accuracy is ensured, and the sorting rapidity is improved; the conveyor belt is replaced by a screen conveyor belt, and an air suction device is added below the conveyor belt, so that the adsorbed light materials move along with the conveyor belt in the conveying process, the rapid conveying can be realized, the sorting accuracy is ensured, and the sorting rapidity is improved; the device adds an air tap at the tail part of the conveyor belt to generate a local flow field for eliminating the influence of falling wind resistance and ensuring the sorting accuracy; the device adds a negative pressure roller above the air tap obliquely to generate an adsorption effect, thereby improving the sorting accuracy; the device adds a shell on the air suction and blowing device and the conveyor belt, and the air suction device, the blowing device and the shell form a relatively closed space, so that the wind power recycling is realized, the wind power utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a sorting apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a side rear view of the sorting apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a light material sorting flow chart;

FIG. 4 is a wind cycle diagram;

wherein, 1 a feed inlet; 2, an air blowing device; 3, a conveyor belt; 4, an air suction device; 5 air tap; 6, a material box II; 7, a first material box; 8, a baffle plate; 9, a negative pressure roller; 10 air tap; 11 industrial camera.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a lightweight material sorting device with reduced energy consumption, which mainly comprises a feeding port 1, an air blowing device 2, a conveyor belt 3, an air suction device 4, an air tap 5, a material box two 6, a material box one 7, a baffle 8, a negative pressure roller 9 and an industrial camera 11. Wherein the blowing device 2 is arranged between the feed inlet 1 and the conveyor belt 3, and the suction device 4 is arranged below the conveyor belt 3. Light materials enter from the feed inlet 1, the blowing device 2 blows off the light materials, the light materials are adsorbed on the screen of the conveyor belt 3 under the action of the dead weight and the air suction device 4, and then the light materials are photographed by the industrial camera 11 above the conveyor belt 3, and the influence of the falling resistance of the light materials is eliminated by the local flow field generated by the air nozzle 10. By taking a photo and controlling the action of the air tap 5 in a feedback way, light materials are sorted out under the action of the negative pressure roller 9, and along with the baffle 8 entering the first material box 7, the other type of light materials do not receive the action of the air tap 5 and enter the second material box 6 under the dead weight.

Specifically, the feed inlet 1 is used for throwing in light materials; the blowing device 2 blows off light materials, provides conditions for photographing of the industrial camera 11, and ensures the sorting accuracy; the accumulation of materials is prevented, and the sorting rapidity is indirectly improved; the conveyor belt 3 is a screen conveyor belt; the suction device 4 adsorbs the light materials on the screen mesh of the conveyor belt 3, so that the light materials can completely follow the movement of the conveyor belt, and the sorting accuracy is ensured; the air tap 5 selectively provides wind power to blow light materials to the vicinity of the negative pressure roller 9; the first material box 7 and the second material box 6 are respectively used for collecting the same type of light materials; the baffle plate 8 guides the light materials to slide to the first material box 7; the negative pressure roller 9 generates negative pressure, light materials blown up by the air tap 5 are adsorbed on a screen of the negative pressure roller 9, and fall off automatically after the screen rotates to the back of the roller (suction cannot be generated), so that the sorting accuracy is improved; the air tap 10 generates a local small flow field for eliminating the resistance influence of light materials falling in the air; the industrial camera 11 rapidly collects material image information including information such as material position, material contour area and the like.

In this embodiment, the working principle of the negative pressure roller 9 is: when the material is at the lower left of the drum, the negative pressure created by the drum adsorbs the material onto the rolling screen. In the negative pressure zone, the material rotates with the screen; after rotating away from the negative pressure zone, the material is not subject to negative pressure and slides down with the screen.

There are various methods for sorting light materials by machine, such as electric separation, wet separation, and air separation. Compared with other separation methods, the method has the remarkable characteristics of high separation rapidity and low device cost, but the separation accuracy is difficult to meet the requirements, so that the method is difficult to widely use. The problem to be optimized in the air separation method is to improve the separation rapidity and reduce the energy consumption on the basis of ensuring the separation accuracy.

The sorting accuracy is mainly in two aspects, namely, the phenomenon that light materials enter a conveyor belt to generate winding coverage causes that air nozzles act against the materials above the coverage, and the sorting effect cannot be achieved; the other is that the light materials are greatly influenced by wind power in the separation process, and the separation accuracy cannot be met. Therefore, after the industrial camera is added to control the air tap, the air tap has a delay effect caused by air resistance in the conveying process of light materials, so that the air tap cannot accurately judge the falling time of the light materials, and the problem of wrong sorting is caused.

The sorting speed is mainly two aspects, namely, the average material throwing speed at the feed inlet is low, the sorting speed is not high, the phenomenon of light material accumulation can be generated due to the excessively high throwing speed, and the sorting accuracy is affected; the other is the working belt speed of the conveyor belt, the belt speed is too slow, the sorting speed is not high, the sorting speed cannot be increased linearly due to the too fast belt speed, and the energy consumption of the device is increased;

the energy consumption of the sorting device is mainly in terms of the actual power of the conveyor belt, which is mainly related to the effective tension and the belt speed, which is mainly considered here as the material is a light material; the other is the actual power of the fan.

In order to solve the problems of low sorting accuracy and low sorting speed, the invention provides a scheme of adding a flow field above the whole conveyor belt, so that the problem of non-synchronization in the conveying process is solved, and the conveyor belt can move quickly under the action of the flow field. However, the energy consumption for producing such a flow field is also enormous, considering the large spatial area over the entire conveyor belt 3.

For the flow field consumption generated in a larger area above the conveyor belt 3, a wind power circulation system is arranged in the embodiment, and as shown in fig. 4, the wind power circulation system is formed by connecting a negative pressure roller 9, a suction device 4, a fan, a dust removing device, a blowing device 2, an air tap 5 and an air tap 10, the fan is a power source, the fan sucks gas through the suction device 4 and the negative pressure roller 9, dust is removed through the dust removing device, and the gas is discharged through the blowing device 2 and the air tap; the parts are connected by an air pipe. Is characterized in that the air suction device 4, the air blowing device 2 and the shell form a relatively closed space, thereby realizing the recycling of wind power and reducing energy consumption.

The invention provides a light material sorting method capable of reducing energy consumption on the premise of ensuring sorting accuracy and not reducing sorting rapidity. The method reduces the area of the flow field and reduces the energy consumption. Meanwhile, a screen conveyer belt is selected, so that a relatively closed space is formed to recycle wind power in the sorting device, and the energy consumption of the sorting device is reduced.

It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a lightweight material sorting unit of reduction energy consumption which characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding hole, an air blowing device, a conveyor belt, an air suction device, an air tap, a negative pressure roller and an industrial camera, wherein the conveyor belt is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the feeding hole; the number of the air nozzles is two, and one air nozzle is used for eliminating the influence of the falling resistance of the light material; the industrial camera is arranged above the tail end of the conveyor belt and is used for shooting light materials; the tail end of the conveyor belt is provided with a negative pressure roller, the action of the other air tap is controlled by the feedback of a photo shot by the industrial camera, and the light material on the conveyor belt is blown to the negative pressure roller through the other air tap and then falls into a first material box or directly falls into a second material box under the action of dead weight;

the conveying belt part where the feeding port, the blowing device and the air suction device are located is positioned in the outer shell; the first material box and the second material box are used for containing different types of light materials.

2. The energy-saving lightweight material sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conveyor belt is a screen conveyor belt.

3. The energy-saving lightweight material sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dust remover is characterized by further comprising a fan and a dust remover, wherein the fan sucks gas through the air suction device and the negative pressure roller, and the gas is discharged through the air blowing device and the air nozzle through the air pipe after being dedusted by the dust remover.

4. The energy-saving lightweight material sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outside of negative pressure cylinder is connected with the baffle, the end of baffle is provided with material case one.

5. The energy-saving lightweight material sorting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the negative pressure roller comprises an inner negative pressure cylinder and an outer screen layer, the inner negative pressure cylinder is fixed, a partition plate is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner negative pressure cylinder, one side of the inner negative pressure cylinder, which faces the conveyor belt, is a negative pressure area, and the position, close to the baffle plate, is a non-negative pressure area.

6. A method for sorting light materials with reduced energy consumption, applied to the light material sorting device with reduced energy consumption according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: