WO2020093872A1 - 一种零电压pfc变换器 - Google Patents
一种零电压pfc变换器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020093872A1 WO2020093872A1 PCT/CN2019/112794 CN2019112794W WO2020093872A1 WO 2020093872 A1 WO2020093872 A1 WO 2020093872A1 CN 2019112794 W CN2019112794 W CN 2019112794W WO 2020093872 A1 WO2020093872 A1 WO 2020093872A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of switching converters, in particular to the AC-DC pre-stage PFC technology.
- AC-DC converter as the interface between power grid and power electronic equipment, is a vital unit of most electronic equipment power supply.
- the conversion of alternating current to direct current is mostly realized by a diode rectifier bridge, and a capacitor is connected in parallel at the output end of the rectifier bridge.
- the current waveform on the grid side is pulse-shaped and contains a large number of large harmonics.
- some countries and international organizations have formulated a series of harmonic standards.
- PFC power factor correction
- the current mainstream power factor correction technology is mainly divided into passive correction technology (hereinafter referred to as passive PFC) and active correction technology (hereinafter referred to as active PFC).
- passive PFC passive correction technology
- active PFC active correction technology
- Passive PFC technology uses a network of passive components such as inductors and capacitors to filter out some orders of harmonics.
- the advantages of the passive PFC circuit are simple, low cost, and good reliability, but the correction effect is relatively poor, it is difficult to obtain a high power factor, and the volume is huge, which has been used in smaller sizes.
- the active PFC circuit is small in size, and can obtain very high power factor and very low current harmonic distortion. It is widely used in various switching power supplies.
- Active BOOST_PFC technology is the current conventional and mature technology. Taking active BOOST_PFC working in critical mode as an example, its control block diagram is shown in Figure 1.
- the active BOOST_PFC circuit usually includes the following parts: a rectification network 101, a BOOST converter 102, a zero-crossing detection network 103, a current sampling network 104, a drive network 105, an output voltage sampling network 106, and a PFC control chip IC.
- the PFC control IC pin functions are usually as follows:
- VCC power supply pin of the chip
- GND the reference ground pin of the chip
- This circuit scheme stabilizes the output voltage of the BOOST converter at a fixed voltage value through the reference voltage V ref of the INV pin and the output voltage sampling network 106.
- the inductor current is zero, the inductor starts to resonate with the junction capacitance of the switch tube with the initial inductor current being zero.
- the GATE pin of the control chip outputs a high level, and the switch tube is turned on.
- the current sampling network 104 compares the voltage on the sampling resistor R2 with the sinusoidal signal output by the multiplier inside the control chip, so that the input current is basically in phase with the input voltage, thereby obtaining a higher power factor value.
- the inductor current waveform is shown in Figure 2 during the power frequency period.
- the present invention provides a zero-voltage PFC converter to make it in high-voltage input conditions It can still achieve zero voltage turn-on, improve the efficiency of the product at high voltage input, and it is more conducive to achieving high-frequency and miniaturization of the product.
- a zero-voltage PFC converter of the present invention includes a main power unit 101, an output voltage detection unit 102, an error amplification unit 103, a logic control unit 104, a drive unit 105, and a negative current detection unit 106;
- the main power unit 101 includes a bridge stack DB1 , Inductance L1, input capacitance Cin, main switch Q1, synchronous rectifier Q2 (Q1, Q2 includes parasitic body diodes D1, D2 and parasitic junction capacitances Cds1, Cds2), output capacitance Co;
- AC input voltage and the bridge stack DB1 The AC terminal is connected.
- the positive output of the bridge reactor DB1 is connected to one end of the input capacitor Cin and one end of the inductor L1.
- the negative output terminal of the bridge reactor DB1 is connected to the other end of the input capacitor Cin and the output GND.
- the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the main
- the drain of the switch Q1 is connected to the source of the synchronous rectifier Q2.
- the source of the main switch Q1 is connected to the output GND and the first input terminal of the negative current detection unit 106.
- the drain of the synchronous rectifier Q2 is connected to the output capacitor Co One end of the output terminal Vo is connected, and the other end of the output capacitor Co is used as the output negative terminal of the main power unit and connected to the second input terminal of the negative current detection unit 106.
- the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the output voltage detection unit 102 are respectively connected to the output terminal Vo and the output GND, the output terminal of the output voltage detection unit 102 is connected to the input terminal of the error amplification unit 103, and the output terminal of the error amplification unit 103 Connected to the first input terminal of the logic control unit 104, the output terminal of the negative current detection unit 106 is connected to the second input terminal of the logic control unit 104, the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the logic control unit 104 are respectively connected to the driving unit
- the first input terminal and the second input terminal of 105 are connected, and the first output terminal SW1 of the driving unit 105 is connected to the gate of the main switching tube Q1 to control the turning on and off of the main switching tube Q1, and the second output of the driving unit 105
- the terminal SW2 is connected to the gate of the synchronous rectifier Q2 to control the turning on and off of the synchronous rectifier Q2.
- the negative current detection unit 106 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a power supply terminal VCC, and a comparator comp1.
- One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the output GND and serves as the first input terminal of the negative current detection unit 106, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the other end of the output capacitor Co and serves as the first Two input terminals, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the inverting input terminal of the comparator comp1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator comp1 is connected to the output GND, the comparator The output terminal of comp1 serves as the output terminal of the negative current detection unit 106.
- the preferred resistance R1 has a smaller resistance value, and is much smaller than the resistance values of the resistance R2 and the resistance R3.
- the negative current detection unit 106 includes a diode D3, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a power supply terminal VCC, and a comparator comp1.
- the preferred diode D3 is a Schottky diode.
- the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and the output GND, and serves as the first input terminal of the negative current detection unit 106.
- the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the output capacitor Co
- the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the inverting input terminal of the comparator comp1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, the comparator comp1
- the non-inverting input terminal is connected to the output GND, and the output terminal of the comparator comp1 is the output terminal of the negative current detection unit 106.
- the output voltage detection unit 102 includes a resistor R4 and a resistor R5.
- One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the output Vo, and serves as the first input end of the output voltage detection unit 102
- the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and serves as the output end of the output voltage detection unit 102
- the other end of the resistor R5 It is connected to the output GND and serves as the second input terminal of the output voltage detection unit 102.
- the error amplifying unit 103 includes an error amplifier EA1, a reference voltage Vref, and a compensation capacitor C1.
- the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier EA1 is connected to one end of the compensation capacitor C1 and serves as the input terminal of the error amplifying unit 103, the non-inverting input terminal of the error amplifier EA1 is connected to the reference voltage Vref, and the output terminal of the error amplifier EA1 is connected to the compensation capacitor C1
- the other end is connected and serves as the output end of the error amplifying unit 103.
- the logic control unit 104 includes a comparator comp2, a sawtooth wave signal Vosc, a flip-flop U1, a dead time control module.
- the inverting input terminal of the comparator comp2 serves as the first input terminal of the logic control unit 104
- the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator comp2 is connected to the sawtooth signal Vosc
- the output terminal of the comparator comp2 is connected to the reset terminal R of the flip-flop U1 to trigger
- the setting terminal S of the device U1 serves as the second input terminal of the logic control unit 104
- the first output terminal Q and the second output terminal Qn of the flip-flop U1 are respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the dead time control module
- the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the dead time control module are connected as the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the logic control unit 104, respectively.
- the negative current detection unit 106 detects the negative current of the inductor L1 (in the opposite direction to the inductor current shown in FIG. 4).
- the negative current reaches the set threshold, the synchronous rectifier Q2 is turned off, the inductor L1 and the junction capacitance Cds1 Cds2 starts to resonate. Due to the initial negative current value of inductor L1, the voltage amplitude of resonance is large. Under high-voltage input conditions, that is, when 2Vin> Vo, it can still resonate to zero, thereby achieving zero voltage turn-on.
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of the active BOOST_PFC control in the prior art
- Figure 2 is a diagram of the current waveform of the inductor current in the power frequency period of the prior art
- Figure 3 shows the waveforms of key devices in the switching cycle under high-voltage input conditions in the prior art
- FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram of an inductor current waveform in a power frequency period according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 it is a circuit block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the zero-voltage PFC converter of the present invention includes a main power unit 101, an output voltage detection unit 102, an error amplification unit 103, a logic control unit 104, a drive unit 105, and a negative current detection unit 106.
- the main power unit 101 includes a bridge stack DB1, an inductor L1, an input capacitor Cin, a main switch Q1, a synchronous rectifier Q2 (Q1, Q2 including parasitic body diodes D1, D2 and parasitic junction capacitances Cds1, Cds2), and an output capacitor Co.
- the negative current detection unit 106 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a power supply terminal VCC, and a comparator comp1.
- the output voltage detection unit 102 includes a resistor R4 and a resistor R5.
- the error amplifying unit 103 includes an error amplifier EA1, a reference voltage Vref, and a compensation capacitor C1.
- the logic control unit 104 includes a comparator comp2, a sawtooth wave signal Vosc, a flip-flop U1, a dead time control module.
- the AC input voltage is connected to the AC terminal of the bridge stack DB1 respectively.
- the positive output terminal of the bridge stack DB1 is connected to one end of the input capacitor Cin and one end of the inductor L1.
- the negative output terminal of the bridge stack DB1 is connected to the other end of the input capacitor Cin and the output GND
- the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the drain of the main switch Q1 and the source of the synchronous rectifier Q2.
- the source of the main switch Q1 is connected to the output GND and one end of the resistor R1.
- the drain of the synchronous rectifier Q2 is connected to One end of the output capacitor Co and the output end Vo are connected, the other end of the output capacitor Co is connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3 and the inverting input end of the comparator comp1
- the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator comp1 is connected to the output GND, and the output terminal of the comparator comp1 is connected to the set terminal S of the flip-flop U1.
- One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the output terminal Vo, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, one end of the capacitor C1, and the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier EA1, and the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output GND.
- the non-inverting input is connected to the reference voltage Vref.
- the output of the error amplifier EA1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the inverting input of the comparator comp2.
- the non-inverting input of the comparator comp2 is connected to the sawtooth signal Vosc.
- the output terminal is connected to the reset terminal R of the flip-flop U1.
- the output terminals Q and Qn of the flip-flop U1 are respectively connected to the input terminals of the dead time control module, where Q and Qn are the logical relationship of “NO”.
- the dead time control module sets Q and Qn signals as complementary signals with a certain dead time.
- the output end of the dead time control module is connected to the input end of the drive unit, and the output ends SW1 and SW2 of the drive unit are respectively connected to the gates of the main switch Q1 and the synchronous rectifier Q2, and control the main switch Q1 and the synchronous rectifier Q2 is turned on and off.
- the AC input is rectified by the rectifier bridge DB1 into a sinusoidal half-wave voltage vin (t), whose frequency is twice the frequency of the AC input voltage.
- vin sinusoidal half-wave voltage
- the frequency of the AC input voltage is much smaller than the switching frequency, so it can be considered as a switching cycle
- Vin The corresponding input voltage inside is a fixed value Vin.
- V DS1 (t) 0
- L M is the inductance value of the inductor L1.
- C J is the capacitance value of the junction capacitance.
- V DS1 (t) Vo (6)
- Q1 is turned off and Q2 is turned on.
- the voltage difference between the output voltage Vo and the input voltage Vin reverses the inductance L1, and the inductor current becomes negative (opposite to the direction of the inductor current shown in FIG. 5) until the inductor current reaches the negative threshold I L (th ),
- the turn-off time of Q2 ends, the inductor current I L and the drain-source voltage V DS1 of Q1 in this stage meet
- V DS1 (t) Vo (8)
- V DS1 (t) (Vo-Vin) cos [ ⁇ 0 (t-t4)] + I L (t4) Z 0 sin [ ⁇ 0 (t-t4)] + Vin (10)
- the output voltage Vea of the error amplifier EA1 is a fixed value. Vea is compared with the signal V osc . When the voltage of V osc rises to be equal to Vea, a pulse signal is generated. The pulse signal passes through the trigger U1 and the dead time The control module and the drive unit then control Q1 to turn off, Q2 to turn on, and reset the V osc voltage.
- the inductor current does not flow through the resistor R1, but the power supply terminal VCC generates a bias voltage at the inverting input of the comparator through the resistor R3, resistor R2, and resistor R1 loop.
- the resistance of resistor R1 is usually small, and the resistance is much smaller than the resistance of resistor R2 and resistor R3. At this time, the voltage Vcs of the inverting input terminal of the comparator comp1 is approximately satisfied
- V CC is the voltage value of the power supply terminal VCC.
- Vcs the voltage of Vcs is zero, and the comparator comp1 generates a pulse signal.
- This pulse signal controls Q1 to turn on and Q2 to turn off after trigger U1, the dead time control module and the drive unit, and causes the V osc voltage to start to rise.
- the negative current detection unit 106 includes a diode D3, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a power supply End VCC, comparator comp1.
- the preferred diode D3 is a Schottky diode.
- the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and the output GND, and serves as the first input terminal of the negative current detection unit 106.
- the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the output capacitor Co
- the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the inverting input terminal of the comparator comp1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, the comparator comp1
- the non-inverting input terminal is connected to the output GND, and the output terminal of the comparator comp1 is the output terminal of the negative current detection unit 106.
- the Schottky diode D3 When the inductor current is negative, the Schottky diode D3 is cut off, which does not affect the sampling of the resistor R1. When the inductor forward current is large, the forward voltage drop of the Schottky diode D3 is usually 0.3 to 0.4V. The base diode D3 limits the voltage of the resistor R1 and reduces the loss of the negative current detection unit 106.
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Claims (10)
- 一种零电压PFC变换器,包括主功率单元101,主功率单元包括输出端Vo、输出负端、输出GND、电感L1、主开关管、同步整流管,其特征在于:还包括输出电压检测单元102、误差放大单元103、逻辑控制单元104、驱动单元105、负电流检测单元106;输出电压检测单元102的第一输入端、第二输入端分别与所述的输出端Vo、所述的输出GND连接,输出电压检测单元102的输出端与误差放大单元103的输入端连接,误差放大单元103的输出端与逻辑控制单元104的第一输入端连接;负电流检测单元106的第一输入端和第二输入端分别连接所述的输出GND和所述的输出负端,负电流检测单元106的输出端与逻辑控制单元104的第二输入端连接,逻辑控制单元104的第一输出端、第二输出端分别与驱动单元105的第一输入端、第二输入端连接,驱动单元105的第一输出端SW1与主功率单元中的主开关管的栅极连接,控制所述主开关管的开通与关断,驱动单元105的第二输出端SW2与主功率单元中的同步整流管的栅极连接,控制所述同步整流管的开通与关断;负电流检测单元106检测电感L1的负向电流达到设定电流阈值时,关断所述的同步整流管;所述的主开关的导通时间在稳定的交流输入和负载条件下为固定时间。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:所述的主开关的开通与所述的同步整流管的开通之间存在死区间隔时间;主功率单元中的电感L1与所述的主开关管、所述的同步整流管在死区间隔时间内的谐振,使主开关管和同步整流管均实现了零电压开通。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:主功率单元101还包括桥堆DB1、输入电容Cin、输出电容Co;交流输入电压分别与桥堆DB1的两个AC端连接,桥堆DB1的正输出端与输入电容Cin的一端、电感L1的一端连接,桥堆DB1的负输出端与输入电容Cin的另一端、输出GND连接,电感L1的另一端与主开关管的漏极、同步整流管的源极连接,主开关管的源极与输出GND、负电流检测单元106的第一输入端连接,同步整流管的漏极与输出电容Co的一 端、输出端Vo连接,输出电容Co的另一端作为主功率单元的输出负端与负电流检测单元106的第二输入端连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:负电流检测单元106包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、供电端VCC、比较器comp1;电阻R1的一端与输出GND连接,并作为负电流检测单元106的第一输入端,电阻R1的另一端与电阻R2的一端、输出电容Co的另一端连接,并作为负电流检测单元106的第二输入端,电阻R2的另一端与电阻R3的一端、比较器comp1的反相输入端连接,电阻R3的另一端与供电端VCC连接,比较器comp1的同相输入端与输出GND连接,比较器comp1的输出端作为负电流检测单元106的输出端。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:所述的电阻R1的阻值较小,且远远小于电阻R2的阻值和电阻R3的阻值。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:所述的负电流检测单元106还包括二极管D3,二极管D3的阴极与电阻R1的一端相连,二极管D3的阳极与电阻R1的另一端相连。
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:所述的二极管D3为肖特基二极管。
- 根据权利2所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:输出电压检测单元102包括电阻R4、电阻R5;电阻R4的一端与输出Vo连接,并作为输出电压检测单元102的第一输入端,电阻R4的另一端与电阻R5的一端连接,并作为输出电压检测单元102的输出端,电阻R5的另一端与输出GND连接,并作为输出电压检测单元102的第二输入端。
- 根据权利2所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:误差放大单元103包括误差放大器EA1、基准电压Vref、补偿电容C1;误差放大器EA1的反相输入端与补偿电容C1的一端连接,并作为误差放大单元103的输入端,误差放大器EA1的同相输入端与基准电压Vref连接,误差放大器EA1的输出端与补偿电容C1的另一端连接,并作为误差放大单元103的输出端。
- 根据权利2所述的一种零电压PFC变换器,其特征在于:逻辑控制单元104包括比较器comp2、锯齿波信号Vosc、触发器U1、死区时间控制模块;比较器comp2的反相输入端作为逻辑控制单元104的第一输入端,比较器comp2的同相输入端与锯齿波信号Vosc连接,比较器comp2的输出端与触发器U1的复位端R连接,触发器U1的置位端S作为逻辑控制单元104的第二输入端,触发器U1的第一输出端Q、第二输出端Qn分别与死区时间控制模块的第一输入端、第二输入端连接,死区时间控制模块的第一输出端、第二输出端分别作为逻辑控制单元104的第一输出端、第二输出端。
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