WO2020088119A1 - 一种用于芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂 - Google Patents

一种用于芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂 Download PDF

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WO2020088119A1
WO2020088119A1 PCT/CN2019/105678 CN2019105678W WO2020088119A1 WO 2020088119 A1 WO2020088119 A1 WO 2020088119A1 CN 2019105678 W CN2019105678 W CN 2019105678W WO 2020088119 A1 WO2020088119 A1 WO 2020088119A1
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reaction
aromatic amine
unsubstituted
substituted
silylation
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乐振
赵继阳
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南京晓庄学院
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
    • C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
    • C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
    • B01J31/143—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
    • C07F7/0825—Preparations of compounds not comprising Si-Si or Si-cyano linkages
    • C07F7/0827—Syntheses with formation of a Si-C bond
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
    • B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
    • B01J2231/4277—C-X Cross-coupling, e.g. nucleophilic aromatic amination, alkoxylation or analogues

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of organic synthesis, in particular to a catalyst for silylation of aromatic amines.
  • the carrier transport material obtained for the core also exhibits more excellent electron or hole transport performance.
  • silylated aromatic compounds have a variety of spatial structures and substitution methods, which provide many possibilities for designing and controlling the stability, solubility and pharmacokinetic properties of drug molecules; in addition, the chemical The peculiarity of the nature provides the possibility of its interaction with biological macromolecules, so it has important prospects for pharmaceutical applications. Because of its excellent performance and important application value, silylated aromatic compounds have attracted great attention in recent years.
  • the most effective method for synthesizing silylated aromatic compounds is to catalyze the silylation of CH bonds of aromatic compounds with the participation of hydrosilane to release H 2 . So far, it has been reported that in the presence of excessive hydrogen acceptors, a variety of transition metals catalyze the silylation of the CH bond between aromatic amines and hydrosilanes. Catalysts such as Co, Rh, Ir, Ru, Os, Pd, and Pt have been reported for the synthesis of silylated aromatic amines.
  • transition metals are expensive and highly toxic, which not only increases the cost of synthesizing silylated aromatic amines, but after the catalyst is discharged into the environment with the reaction waste residue, it can easily cause environmental pollution and endanger human health.
  • the residue of transition metal catalyst in the synthesis product will affect the performance and safety of the product.
  • the life of the device will be shortened and the efficiency will be reduced due to the residue of transition metal; It also restricts the application of the product in areas with strict safety requirements such as drug synthesis.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art catalysts for catalyzing the silylation of aromatic amine compounds that are expensive and highly toxic, resulting in a decrease in the performance and safety of the silylated aromatic amine.
  • the invention provides the use of Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 as a catalyst for the silylation of aromatic amines.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine, the method comprising performing an aromatic amine silylation reaction under the condition of Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 as a catalyst.
  • the silylation reaction includes the following steps: using aromatic amine and hydrosilane as raw materials, under the catalysis of Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 , the CH bond of the aromatic amine para position A silylation reaction occurs, producing silylated aromatic amines and H 2 .
  • the silylation reaction includes the following steps: an aromatic amine represented by formula (I), and a hydrosilane represented by formula (II), in Al (C 6 F 5 ) Under the catalysis of 3 , the silylated aromatic amine and H 2 represented by formula (III) are generated;
  • the reaction route of the silylation reaction is as follows:
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from H, unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -C 30 aryl, or Forming an unsubstituted or substituted C 4 -C 7 heterocycle;
  • R 3 to R 6 are independently selected from H, halogen, ester group, amide group, aldehyde group, cyano group, unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxy group, unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -C 30 aryl;
  • R 7 to R 9 are independently selected from H, unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, or unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -C 12 aryl.
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, benzyl, and phenyl, or form
  • R 3 to R 6 are independently selected from H, halogen, methoxy, methyl or phenyl;
  • R 7 to R 9 are independently selected from H, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, isopropyl, n-butyl or phenyl.
  • the reaction temperature of the silylation reaction is 60-100 ° C.
  • the reaction time is 6-12 hours.
  • the molar ratio of the aromatic amine to the hydrosilane is 1: 1-1: 4.
  • the added amount of Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 is 10% -50% of the molar mass of the aromatic amine.
  • the reaction solvent of the silylation reaction is selected from chlorobenzene, benzene, toluene, m-xylene, mesitylene, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and 1,4-dio At least one of oxygen hexacyclic.
  • the silylation reaction further includes the steps of: cooling the mixed solution obtained after the reaction to room temperature, diluting, concentrating the organic phase liquid, and purifying the concentrated organic phase liquid, The silylated aromatic amine is obtained.
  • the mixed solution is diluted with ethyl acetate, and the concentrated organic phase liquid is purified using silica gel column chromatography.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 provided by the present invention as a catalyst for the silylation reaction of aromatic amines provides a new type of reaction catalyst for the synthesis of silylated aromatic amines.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 catalyzes the reaction of aromatic amines with hydrosilanes without the use of hydrogen acceptors, which effectively reduces the additives needed for the reaction and helps simplify the post-processing process at the end of the reaction.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 in the earth ’s crust is rich, accounting for about 8%. Therefore, the raw materials for preparing Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 catalysts are abundant and cheap, which can effectively reduce the synthesis of silylated aromatic amine compounds The cost of synthesis.
  • aluminum is a low-toxic element with low toxicity to the human body.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 is used as a catalyst instead of the traditional highly toxic transition metal, which greatly improves the environmental friendliness of the silylation reaction and reduces the environmental and human body. It is suitable for application and promotion in areas with high safety requirements, such as pharmaceuticals, and can avoid device performance degradation caused by transition metal ion residues in the photoelectric field.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 has a negative hydrogen nucleophilic potential of -70.2 kcal / mol, has strong Lewis acidity, and has strong oxygen affinity. As a catalyst, it has high catalytic activity and can significantly improve the preparation of silylated aromatics Yield of amine.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 provided by the present invention as a catalyst for the silylation reaction of aromatic amines is that, under the catalysis of Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 , the silicon bond of the para bond of the aromatic amine takes place ⁇ ⁇ Chemical reaction.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 is used as a catalyst, the silylation reaction occurs exclusively on the CH bond at the para position of the aromatic amine, functionalizing the CH bond at the para position of the aromatic amine to form a C-Si bond.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 when used as a catalyst, it has high compatibility with the highly active molecular bond (for example, Si-Cl bond) in the raw material aromatic amine or hydrosilane. During the silylation of bonds, it is possible to avoid breaking the highly active molecular bonds in aromatic amines or hydrosilanes, which is conducive to the further synthesis reaction through the highly active molecular bonds.
  • highly active molecular bond for example, Si-Cl bond
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 provided by the present invention as a catalyst for the silylation reaction of aromatic amines consists of aromatic amines represented by formula (I) and hydrosilanes represented by formula (II) in Al Under the catalysis of (C 6 F 5 ) 3 , a silylated aromatic amine represented by formula (III) and H 2 are produced. Since the catalyst Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 has a high selectivity, it uniquely catalyzes the silylation of the para-CH bond of the aromatic amine, and can retain the highly active molecular bonds in the raw material molecules.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 as a catalyst allows the reaction of aromatic amines with different structures and hydrosilanes selected by multiple substituents to obtain silylated aromatic amines with multiple structure types, which expands the synthesis of silicon groups. Range of aromatic amines.
  • the silylation reaction catalyzed by Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 can be further improved.
  • the catalytic efficiency makes the yield of silylated aromatic amines reach more than 90%.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 provided by the present invention as a catalyst for the silylation reaction of aromatic amines has a variety of selectable reaction solvents in organic solvents such as chlorobenzene, benzene, toluene, m-xylene, etc. Both can achieve Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 high selectivity and high catalytic activity, and obtain the aromatic amine with silicidation of CH bond at a unique position.
  • FIG. 1 is a hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum chart of (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine prepared in Example 2 of the present invention
  • Example 2 is a carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum of (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine prepared in Example 2 of the present invention
  • Example 3 is a hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum chart of dimethyl- [4- (methyl-phenyl-silyl) phenyl] -amine prepared in Example 3 of the present invention
  • Example 4 is a carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum diagram of dimethyl- [4- (methyl-phenyl-silyl) phenyl] -amine prepared in Example 3 of the present invention
  • Example 5 is a hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum chart of benzyl- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -methyl-amine prepared in Example 4 of the present invention
  • Example 7 is a hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum chart of 1- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -piperidine prepared in Example 5 of the present invention.
  • Example 9 is a hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum chart of (3-chloro-4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine prepared in Example 6 of the present invention.
  • Example 10 is a carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum diagram of (3-chloro-4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine prepared in Example 6 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides a method for preparing an Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 catalyst, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • This embodiment provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine, wherein the silylated aromatic amine is (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine, and the reaction process uses the one prepared in Example 1.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 as a catalyst, the reaction route for preparing silylated aromatic amines is as follows:
  • the preparation method of (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine includes the following steps:
  • the product obtained from the reaction was a colorless liquid, a total of 55.8 mg, and the yield was 92.2%.
  • the product was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance and determined to be (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine, ( The hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum of 4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine is shown in Figure 1, and the carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum is shown in Figure 2.
  • the nuclear magnetic data are shown below:
  • This embodiment provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine, wherein the silylated aromatic amine is dimethyl- [4- (methyl-phenyl-silyl) phenyl] -amine, and the reaction process is implemented using The Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 prepared in Example 1 is used as a catalyst, and the reaction route for preparing silylated aromatic amines is as follows:
  • the preparation method of dimethyl- [4- (methyl-phenyl-silyl) phenyl] -amine includes the following steps:
  • the product obtained from the reaction was a colorless liquid, a total of 44.8 mg, and the yield was 93.1%.
  • the product was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance and determined to be dimethyl- [4- (methyl-phenyl-silyl) phenyl]
  • the hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum of -amine, dimethyl- [4- (methyl-phenyl-silyl) phenyl] -amine is shown in FIG. 3, and the carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum is shown in FIG. 4; Show:
  • This embodiment provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine, wherein the silylated aromatic amine is benzyl- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -methyl-amine, and the reaction process uses Example 1
  • the prepared Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 is used as a catalyst, and the reaction route for preparing silylated aromatic amines is as follows:
  • the preparation method of benzyl- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -methyl-amine includes the following steps:
  • the product obtained by the reaction was a colorless liquid, a total of 68.1 mg, and the yield was 89.8%.
  • the product was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance and determined to be benzyl- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -methyl-amine
  • the hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum of benzyl- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -methyl-amine is shown in Figure 5, and the carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum is shown in Figure 6; the nuclear magnetic data is shown as follows:
  • This embodiment provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine, wherein the silylated aromatic amine is 1- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -piperidine, and the reaction process uses the Al prepared in Example 1. (C 6 F 5 ) 3 as a catalyst, the reaction route for preparing silylated aromatic amines is as follows:
  • the preparation method of 1- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -piperidine includes the following steps:
  • the product obtained from the reaction was a colorless liquid, a total of 64.3 mg, and the yield was 93.7%.
  • the product was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance and determined to be 1- (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -piperidine, 1-
  • the hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum of (4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -piperidine is shown in Figure 7 and the carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum is shown in Figure 8; the nuclear magnetic data are as follows:
  • This embodiment provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine, wherein the silylated aromatic amine is (3-chloro-4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine reaction process 1
  • the reaction route for preparing silylated aromatic amines is as follows:
  • the preparation method of (3-chloro-4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine includes the following steps:
  • the product obtained from the reaction was a colorless liquid, a total of 63.0 mg, and the yield was 93.4%.
  • the product was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance and determined to be (3-chloro-4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl -Amine, (3-chloro-4-diphenylsilyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine hydrogen NMR spectrum is shown in Figure 9, carbon NMR spectrum is shown in Figure 10; nuclear magnetic data is as follows Show:
  • This comparative example provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine.
  • the difference from the preparation method provided in Example 2 is that the reaction process uses B (C 6 F 5 ) 3 as a catalyst, and the (4-diphenylsilane The yield of phenyl-phenyl) -dimethyl-amine was 71%.
  • This comparative example provides a method for preparing a silylated aromatic amine.
  • the difference from the preparation method provided in Example 4 is that the reaction process uses B (C 6 F 5 ) 3 as a catalyst, and the benzyl- (4-bis The yield of phenylsilyl-phenyl) -methyl-amine was 47%.
  • Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 provided by the present invention is a strong Lewis acid with a negative hydrogen nucleophilic potential of -70.2 kcal / mol due to its strong oxygen affinity, and is used in applications When catalyzing the silylation reaction of aromatic amines, its catalytic activity is significantly higher than that of existing catalysts, and the yield of the prepared silylated aromatic amine products is improved.
  • due to the wide content of aluminum and low toxicity it is helpful to reduce the cost of synthesis of silylated aromatic amines and improve the environmental friendliness of the reaction process. To improve product performance and safety.
  • the catalyst Al (C 6 F 5 ) 3 has a high selectivity, uniquely catalyzes the silylation of the para-CH bond of the aromatic amine, and can retain the highly active molecular bonds in the raw material molecules, expanding the raw material aromatic amine and hydrosilane
  • the type of structure that can be selected increases the variety of products for the synthesis of silylated aromatic amines. There is no need to use a hydrogen acceptor during the reaction, which simplifies the post-treatment process of the product after the reaction.

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Abstract

一种Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用，为合成硅基化芳香胺提供了一种新型的反应催化剂。铝元素含量丰富、价格低廉，以Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂能够有效降低硅基化芳香胺的合成成本。同时，由于铝元素毒性低，合成过程环境友好性提高。Al(C 6F 5) 3具有高的催化活性，制得的硅基化芳香胺的产率高。此外，以Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂不需要使用氢受体，并且硅基化反应唯一发生于芳香胺对位的C-H键，简化了产物的后处理过程，反应的选择性高。

Description

一种用于芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂 技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成技术领域，具体涉及一种用于芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂。
背景技术
硅基化的芳香族化合物在有机电子与光子学、制药、分子与材料合成等领域的应用越来越广泛，例如，研究发现，以四苯基硅烷取代基修饰的Ir(ppy) 3配合物表现出更优异的溶解性和更高的电致发光效率，因此，在有机电致发光材料中引入芳香基硅烷对器件的加工性能和发光性能具有改善效果；而以硅基化的芳香族化合物为核心得到的载流子传输材料，也展现出更加优异的电子或空穴的传输性能。在制药领域，硅基化的芳香族化合物具有变化多样的空间结构和取代方式，为设计、控制药物分子的稳定性、溶解度和药物动力学特性提供了多种可能；此外，含硅分子的化学性质的特殊性为其与生物大分子之间的相互作用提供可能性，因此具有重要的药物学应用前景。硅基化的芳香族化合物由于其优异的性能和重要的应用价值，近年来已引起人们极大的关注。
目前，合成硅基化的芳香族化合物最有效的方法，是在氢硅烷参与下，催化芳香族化合物的C-H键发生硅烷基化反应，释放H 2。迄今为止，已报道有在过量氢受体存在下，以多种过渡金属催化芳香胺与氢硅烷之间C-H键的硅基化反应。例如Co、Rh、Ir、Ru、Os、Pd和Pt等催化剂，已被报道用于硅基化芳香胺的合成。但是，过渡金属价格昂贵且毒性强，不仅增加了硅基化芳香胺的合成成本，催化剂随反应废渣排放到环境中后，容易造成环境污染，危害人体健康。此外，合成产物中过渡金属催化剂的残留会对产物性能和安全性产生影响，在应用于有机电致发光器件内容易因过渡金属残留造成器件的使用寿命缩短、效率降低；而过渡金属离子的残留也限制了产物在药物合成等对安全性具有严格要求的领域的应用。
发明内容
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的催化芳香胺化合物硅基化的催化剂存在价格昂贵、毒性高，导致硅基化芳香胺的使用性能和使用安全性降低的缺陷。
为此，根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供了Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用。
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明提供了硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，所述方法包括在Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂的条件下进行芳香胺硅基化反应。
优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，所述硅基化反应包括以下步骤：以芳香胺和氢硅烷为原料，在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，芳香胺对位的C-H键发生硅基化反应，生成硅基化芳香胺和H 2。
优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，所述硅基化反应包括以下步骤：式(I)所示的芳香胺，与式(II)所示的氢硅烷，在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，生成式(III)所示的硅基化芳香胺和H 2；
所述硅基化反应的反应路线如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000001
其中，R 1、R 2彼此独立地选自H、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6的烷基、未取代的或取代的C 6-C 30的芳基，或者
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000002
形成未取代的或取代的C 4-C 7的杂环；
R 3～R 6彼此独立地选自H、卤素、酯基、酰胺基、醛基、氰基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 3的烷氧基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6烷基，或者未取代的或取代的C 6-C 30的芳基；
R 7～R 9彼此独立地选自H、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6的烷基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 3的烷氧基，或者未取代的或取代的C 6-C 12的芳基。
进一步优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，R 1、R 2彼此独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、异丙基、正丁基、苯甲基、苯基，或者
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000003
形成
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000004
R 3～R 6彼此独立地选自H、卤素、甲氧基、甲基或苯基；
R 7～R 9彼此独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、异丙基、正丁基或苯基。
优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，所述硅基化反应的反应温度为60-100℃，反应时间为6-12小时。
优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，所述芳香胺与所述氢硅烷的摩尔比为1:1-1:4。
优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，所述Al(C 6F 5) 3的加入量是所述芳香胺摩尔质量的10％-50％。
优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，所述硅基化反应的反应溶剂选自氯苯、苯、甲苯、间二甲苯、均三甲苯、二乙二醇二甲醚和1,4-二氧六环中的至少一种。
优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，所述硅基化反应还包括以下步骤：将反应完成后得到的混合溶液冷却至室温，稀释，浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩的有机相液体纯化后，得到硅基化芳香胺。
进一步优选地，在上述的应用或方法中，使用乙酸乙酯稀释所述混合溶液，使用硅胶柱层析纯化所述浓缩的有机相液体。
本发明技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本发明提供的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用，为合成硅基化芳香胺提供了一种新型的反应催化剂。以Al(C 6F 5) 3催化芳香胺与氢硅烷反应，不需要使用氢受体，有效减少了反应所需添加物，有利于简化反应结束的后处理过程。
Al(C 6F 5) 3在地壳中的含量丰富，约占8％，因此制备Al(C 6F 5) 3催化剂的原料来源丰富、且价格低廉，能够有效降低合成硅基化芳香胺化合物的合成成本。此外，铝元素是对人体毒性低的低毒元素，以Al(C 6F 5) 3代替传统毒性高的过渡金属作为催化剂，使硅基化反应的环境友好性显著提高、减轻对环境和人体的危害，适于在制药等对安全性要求高的领域应用、推广，并且能够避免在光电领域由于过渡金属离子残留造成的器件性能降低。此外，Al(C 6F 5) 3的负氢亲核势为-70.2kcal/mol，具有强路易斯酸性，其亲氧性强，作为催化剂具有高的催化活性，能够显著提高制备硅基化芳香胺的产率。
2.本发明提供的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用，是在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，芳香胺对位的C-H键发生硅基化反应。在利用Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂时，硅基化反应唯一地发生在芳香胺对位的 C-H键，使芳香胺对位的C-H键官能化形成C-Si键。同时，在以Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂时，对原料物质芳香胺或氢硅烷中高活性的分子键(例如，Si-Cl键)具有高的兼容性，在催化芳香胺对位C-H键硅基化的过程中，能够避免破坏芳香胺或氢硅烷中高活性的分子键，有利于通过高活性的分子键进一步进行后续的合成反应。
3.本发明提供的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用，由式(I)所示的芳香胺，与式(II)所示的氢硅烷，在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，生成式(III)所示的硅基化芳香胺和H 2。由于催化剂Al(C 6F 5) 3具有高的选择性，唯一性地催化芳香胺对位C-H键硅基化，并能保留原料分子中高活性的分子键。因此，以Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，允许多取代基选择的不同结构的芳香胺以及氢硅烷进行反应，得到具有多结构类型选择的硅基化芳香胺，扩大了合成的硅基化芳香胺的范围。
4.本发明提供的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用，所述硅基化反应的反应温度为60-100℃，反应时间为6-12小时。以Al(C 6F 5) 3作为硅基化反应的催化剂，反应条件温和，反应步骤简单、易于实现，有利于大规模的工业生产。
通过进一步调节芳香胺与氢硅烷的质量比，以及Al(C 6F 5) 3的加入量，使其处于适宜的范围内，能够进一步提高Al(C 6F 5) 3催化的硅基化反应的催化效率，使得到的硅基化芳香胺的产率达到90％以上。
5.本发明提供的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用，具有多种可选择的反应溶剂，在氯苯、苯、甲苯、间二甲苯等有机溶剂内均可实现Al(C 6F 5) 3高选择性和高催化活性，得到唯一位置的C-H键硅基化的芳香胺。
6.本发明提供的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用，将反应完成后得到的混合溶液稀释，浓缩有机相液体，然后进行纯化处理，进一步提高反应制备的硅基化芳香胺的纯度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例2中制备的(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的氢核磁谱图；
图2是本发明实施例2中制备的(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的碳核磁谱图；
图3是本发明实施例3中制备的二甲基-[4-(甲基-苯基-硅烷基)苯基]-胺的氢核磁谱图；
图4是本发明实施例3中制备的二甲基-[4-(甲基-苯基-硅烷基)苯基]-胺的碳核磁谱图；
图5是本发明实施例4中制备的苄基-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-甲基-胺的氢核磁谱图；
图6是本发明实施例4中制备的苄基-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-甲基-胺的碳核磁谱图；
图7是本发明实施例5中制备的1-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-哌啶的氢核磁谱图；
图8是本发明实施例5中制备的1-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-哌啶的碳核磁谱图；
图9是本发明实施例6中制备的(3-氯-4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的氢核磁谱图；
图10是本发明实施例6中制备的(3-氯-4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的碳核磁谱图。
具体实施方式
提供下述实施例是为了更好地进一步理解本发明，并不局限于所述最佳实施方式，不对本发明的内容和保护范围构成限制，任何人在本发明的启示下或是将本发明与其他现有技术的特征进行组合而得出 的任何与本发明相同或相近似的产品，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤的操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种Al(C 6F 5) 3催化剂的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)在手套箱中，将3.00克B(C 6F 5) 3加入到10mL甲苯和30mL己烯的混合溶剂中，取3.00mL的Al(CH 3) 3溶液，Al(CH 3) 3溶液是摩尔浓度为2.0M的己烷溶液。将Al(CH 3) 3溶液通过注射器加入到反应器中，与B(C 6F 5) 3溶液混合得到混合物。
(2)混合物在室温下搅拌5分钟后开始沉淀，产生结晶固体。混合物在室温下搅拌2h，然后过滤。
(3)将收集的结晶固体用己烯洗涤，真空干燥，得到产物1.98g。在-35℃下缓慢冷却滤液得到额外的1.20g的产物，将该产物己烷洗涤后真空干燥，得到Al(C 6F 5) 3的总产物为3.18g，总收率为95.0％。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，其中，硅基化芳香胺为(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺，反应过程使用实施例1制备的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，制备硅基化芳香胺的反应路线如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000005
(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)在手套箱中，将Al(C 6F 5) 3(10.6mg，0.02mmol)和2mL苯混合后加入到20mL的史莱克反应管(Schlenk管)中；然后向反应管中加入式(I-1)所示的芳香胺(N,N-二甲基苯胺，24.2mg，0.20mmol)和式(II-1)所示氢硅烷(Ph 2SiH 2，73.6mg，0.40mmol)。
(2)取出Schlenk管，在100℃的油浴环境下磁力搅拌6h。
(3)反应完成后，将Schlenk管内的混合溶液冷却至室温，用10ml乙酸乙酯稀释混合溶液，然后浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩后的有机相通过硅胶柱层析，使用己烷与二氯甲烷以4:1的体积比混合形成洗脱剂进行洗脱，得到纯化后的产物。
反应得到的产物为无色液体，共55.8mg,产率为92.2％，利用核磁共振对产物进行分析，确定其为(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺，(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的氢核磁谱图如图1所示，碳核磁谱图如图2所示；核磁数据如下所示：
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝2.96(s,6H),5.43(s,1H),6.73(d,J＝8.5Hz,2H),7.33-7.44(m,8H),7.58(d,J＝6.5Hz,4H)ppm. 13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝40.1,111.9,117.6,127.9,129.5,134.5,135.8,136.9,151.5ppm。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，其中，硅基化芳香胺为二甲基-[4-(甲基-苯基-硅烷基)苯基]-胺，反应过程使用实施例1制备的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，制备硅基化芳香胺的反应路线如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000006
二甲基-[4-(甲基-苯基-硅烷基)苯基]-胺的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)在手套箱中，将Al(C 6F 5) 3(21.2mg，0.04mmol)和2mL甲苯混合后加入到20mL的史莱克反应管(Schlenk管)中；然后向反应管中加入式(I-1)所示的芳香胺(N,N-二甲基苯胺，24.2mg，0.20mmol)和式(II-2)所示氢硅烷(97.6mg，0.80mmol)。
(2)取出Schlenk管，在80℃的油浴环境下磁力搅拌6h。
(3)反应完成后，将Schlenk管内的混合溶液冷却至室温，用10ml乙酸乙酯稀释混合溶液，然后浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩后的有机相通过硅胶柱层析，使用己烷与二氯甲烷以4:1的体积比混合形成洗脱剂进行洗脱，得到纯化后的产物。
反应得到的产物为无色液体，共44.8mg,产率为93.1％，利用核磁共振对产物进行分析，确定其为二甲基-[4-(甲基-苯基-硅烷基)苯基]-胺，二甲基-[4-(甲基-苯基-硅烷基)苯基]-胺的氢核磁谱图如图3所示，碳核磁谱图如图4所示；核磁数据如下所示：
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝0.57(d,J＝4.0Hz,3H),2.94(s,6H),4.91(q,J＝3.5Hz,1H),6.72(d,J＝8.0Hz,2H),7.33-7.35(m,3H),7.41(d,J＝8.5Hz,2H),7.55(d,J＝7.0Hz,2H)ppm. 13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝-4.7,40.1,112.0,119.8,127.8,129.2,134.8,135.9,136.5,151.3ppm。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，其中，硅基化芳香胺为苄基-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-甲基-胺，反应过程使用实施例1制备的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，制备硅基化芳香胺的反应路线如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000007
苄基-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-甲基-胺的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)在手套箱中，将Al(C 6F 5) 3(10.6mg，0.02mmol)和2mL甲苯混合后加入到20mL的史莱克反应管(Schlenk管)中；然后向反应管中加入式(I-2)所示的芳香胺(39.4mg，0.20mmol)和式(II-1)所示氢硅烷(Ph 2SiH 2，73.6mg，0.40mmol)。
(2)取出Schlenk管，在60℃的油浴环境下磁力搅拌12h。
(3)反应完成后，将Schlenk管内的混合溶液冷却至室温，用10ml乙酸乙酯稀释混合溶液，然后浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩后的有机相通过硅胶柱层析，使用己烷与二氯甲烷以4:1的体积比混合形成洗脱剂进行洗脱，得到纯化后的产物。
反应得到的产物为无色液体，共68.1mg,产率为89.8％，利用核磁共振对产物进行分析，确定其为苄基-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-甲基-胺，苄基-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-甲基-胺的氢核磁谱图如图5所示，碳核磁谱图如图6所示；核磁数据如下所示：
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝3.03(s,3H),4.53(s,2H),5.42(s,1H),6.74(d,J＝8.5Hz,2H),7.20-7.24(m,3H),7.28-7.41(m,10H),7.57(d,J＝6.5Hz,4H)ppm. 13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝38.3,56.1,111.8,117.8,126.6,126.9,127.9,128.6,129.5,134.5,135.8,137.0,138.7,150.7ppm。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，其中，硅基化芳香胺为1-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-哌啶，反应过程使用实施例1制备的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，制备硅基化芳香胺的反应路线如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000008
1-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-哌啶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)在手套箱中，将Al(C 6F 5) 3(53mg，0.1mmol)和2mL氯苯混合后加入到20mL的史莱克反应管(Schlenk管)中；然后向反应管中加入式(I-3)所示的芳香胺(32.2mg，0.20mmol)和式(II-1)所示氢硅烷(Ph 2SiH 2，36.8mg，0.20mmol)。
(2)取出Schlenk管，在80℃的油浴环境下磁力搅拌8h。
(3)反应完成后，将Schlenk管内的混合溶液冷却至室温，用10ml乙酸乙酯稀释混合溶液，然后浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩后的有机相通过硅胶柱层析，使用己烷与二氯甲烷以4:1的体积比混合形成洗脱剂进行洗脱，得到纯化后的产物。
反应得到的产物为无色液体，共64.3mg,产率为93.7％，利用核磁共振对产物进行分析，确定其为1-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-哌啶，1-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-哌啶的氢核磁谱图如图7所示，碳核磁谱图如图8所示；核磁数据如下所示：
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝1.55-1.59(m,2H),1.64-1.68(m,4H),3.20(t,J＝5.5Hz,4H),5.43(s,1H),6.90(d,J＝8.5Hz,2H),7.32-7.38(m,6H),7.43(d,J＝8.5Hz,2H),7.57(d,J＝7.0Hz,4H)ppm. 13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝24.3,25.6,49.5,115.2,120.5,127.9,129.5,134.3,135.7,136.9,152.9ppm。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，其中，硅基化芳香胺为(3-氯-4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺反应过程使用实施例1制备的Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，制备硅基化芳香胺的反应路线如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-000009
(3-氯-4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)在手套箱中，将Al(C 6F 5) 3(10.6mg，0.02mmol)和2mL苯混合后加入到20mL的史莱克反应管(Schlenk管)中；然后向反应管中加入式(I-4)所示的芳香胺(31.0mg，0.20mmol)和式(II-1)所示氢硅烷(Ph 2SiH 2，73.6mg，0.40mmol)。
(2)取出Schlenk管，在100℃的油浴环境下磁力搅拌6h。
(3)反应完成后，将Schlenk管内的混合溶液冷却至室温，用10ml乙酸乙酯稀释混合溶液，然后浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩后的有机相通过硅胶柱层析，使用己烷与二氯甲烷以4:1的体积比混合形成洗脱剂进行洗脱，得到纯化后的产物。
反应得到的产物为无色液体，共63.0mg,产率为93.4％，利用核磁共振对产物进行分析，确定其为(3-氯-4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺，(3-氯-4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的氢核磁谱图如图9所示，碳核磁谱图如图10所示；核磁数据如下所示：
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝2.95(s,6H),5.55(s,1H),6.52(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),6.72(s,1H),7.14(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),7.34-7.41(m,6H),7.57(d,J＝7.0Hz,4H)ppm. 13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl 3):δ＝40.0,110.0,112.5,117.1,127.9,129.5,133.7,135.8,138.8,142.8,152.8ppm。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，与实施例2提供制备方法的区别在于：反应过程使用B(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，反应得到的(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-二甲基-胺的产率为71％。
对比例2
本对比例提供一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，与实施例4提供制备方法的区别在于：反应过程使用B(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂，反应得到的苄基-(4-二苯基硅烷基-苯基)-甲基-胺的产率为47％。
由对比例1和对比例2可知，本发明提供的Al(C 6F 5) 3由于其亲氧性强、是一种负氢亲核势为-70.2kcal/mol的强路易斯酸，在应用于催化芳香胺的硅基化反应时，其催化活性明显高于现有催化剂，制备得到的硅基化芳香胺产物的产率提高。此外，由于铝元素含量广、毒性低，有利于降低硅基化芳香胺的合成成本，提高反应过程的环境友好性，合成的硅基化芳香胺毒性低，适于应用于光电、制药等领域，提高产品的性能和安全性。
此外，催化剂Al(C 6F 5) 3具有高的选择性，唯一性地催化芳香胺对位C-H键硅基化，并能保留原料分子中高活性的分子键，扩大了原料芳香胺和氢硅烷可以选择的结构类型，增加了合成硅基化芳香胺的产物种类。反应过程中不需要使用氢受体，简化了反应后产物的后处理过程。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (20)

  1. Al(C 6F 5) 3作为芳香胺硅基化反应的催化剂的应用。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应包括以下步骤：以芳香胺和氢硅烷为原料，在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，芳香胺对位的C-H键发生硅基化反应，生成硅基化芳香胺和H 2。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的应用，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应包括以下步骤：式(I)所示的芳香胺，与式(II)所示的氢硅烷，在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，经偶联反应生成式(III)所示的硅基化芳香胺和H 2；
    所述硅基化反应的反应路线如下所示：
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100001
    其中，R 1、R 2彼此独立地选自H、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6的烷基、未取代的或取代的C 6-C 30的芳基，或者
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100002
    形成未取代的或取代的C 4-C 7的杂环；
    R 3～R 6彼此独立地选自H、卤素、酯基、酰胺基、醛基、氰基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 3的烷氧基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6烷基，或者未取代的或取代的C 6-C 30的芳基；
    R 7～R 9彼此独立地选自H、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6的烷基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 3的烷氧基，或者未取代的或取代的C 6-C 12的芳基。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的应用，其特征在于，R 1、R 2彼此独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、异丙基、正丁基、苯甲基、苯基，或者
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100003
    形成
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100004
    R 3～R 6彼此独立地选自H、卤素、甲氧基、甲基或苯基；
    R 7～R 9彼此独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、异丙基、正丁基或苯基。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应的反应温度为60-100℃，反应时间为6-12小时。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，所述芳香胺与所述氢硅烷的摩尔比为1:1-1:4。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，所述Al(C 6F 5) 3的加入量是所述芳香胺摩尔质量 的10％-50％。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应的反应溶剂选自氯苯、苯、甲苯、间二甲苯、均三甲苯、二乙二醇二甲醚和1,4-二氧六环中的至少一种。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应还包括以下步骤：将反应完成后得到的混合溶液冷却至室温，稀释，浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩的有机相液体纯化后，得到硅基化芳香胺。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的应用，其特征在于，使用乙酸乙酯稀释所述混合溶液，使用硅胶柱层析纯化所述浓缩的有机相液体。
  11. 一种硅基化芳香胺的制备方法，所述方法包括在Al(C 6F 5) 3作为催化剂的条件下进行芳香胺硅基化反应。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应包括以下步骤：以芳香胺和氢硅烷为原料，在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，芳香胺对位的C-H键发生硅基化反应，生成硅基化芳香胺和H 2。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应包括以下步骤：式(I)所示的芳香胺，与式(II)所示的氢硅烷，在Al(C 6F 5) 3的催化下，经偶联反应生成式(III)所示的硅基化芳香胺和H 2；
    所述硅基化反应的反应路线如下所示：
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100005
    其中，R 1、R 2彼此独立地选自H、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6的烷基、未取代的或取代的C 6-C 30的芳基，或者
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100006
    形成未取代的或取代的C 4-C 7的杂环；
    R 3～R 6彼此独立地选自H、卤素、酯基、酰胺基、醛基、氰基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 3的烷氧基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6烷基，或者未取代的或取代的C 6-C 30的芳基；
    R 7～R 9彼此独立地选自H、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 6的烷基、未取代的或取代的C 1-C 3的烷氧基，或者未取代的或取代的C 6-C 12的芳基。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，R 1、R 2彼此独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、异丙基、正丁基、苯甲基、苯基，或者
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100007
    形成
    Figure PCTCN2019105678-appb-100008
    R 3～R 6彼此独立地选自H、卤素、甲氧基、甲基或苯基；
    R 7～R 9彼此独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、异丙基、正丁基或苯基。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应的反应温度为60-100℃，反应时间为6-12小时。
  16. 根据权利要求12-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述芳香胺与所述氢硅烷的摩尔比为1:1-1:4。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述Al(C 6F 5) 3的加入量是所述芳香胺摩尔质量的10％-50％。
  18. 根据权利要求12-17任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应的反应溶剂选自氯苯、苯、甲苯、间二甲苯、均三甲苯、二乙二醇二甲醚和1,4-二氧六环中的至少一种。
  19. 根据权利要求12-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅基化反应还包括以下步骤：将反应完成后得到的混合溶液冷却至室温，稀释，浓缩有机相液体，将浓缩的有机相液体纯化后，得到硅基化芳香胺。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，使用乙酸乙酯稀释所述混合溶液，使用硅胶柱层析纯化所述浓缩的有机相液体。
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