WO2020088096A1 - 车辆防侧翻的控制方法、装置、存储介质及车辆 - Google Patents

车辆防侧翻的控制方法、装置、存储介质及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020088096A1
WO2020088096A1 PCT/CN2019/104638 CN2019104638W WO2020088096A1 WO 2020088096 A1 WO2020088096 A1 WO 2020088096A1 CN 2019104638 W CN2019104638 W CN 2019104638W WO 2020088096 A1 WO2020088096 A1 WO 2020088096A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
load
warning
overload
roll
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/104638
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘壬生
魏恒
陈辉
高小丽
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Publication of WO2020088096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020088096A1/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/016Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/019Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the type of sensor or the arrangement thereof

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular relates to a method, device, storage medium and vehicle for preventing rollover of a vehicle, in particular to a vehicle load evaluation algorithm and a rollover warning method for a pressure sensorless air suspension, and the method
  • Vehicle load is a key factor that determines the fatigue life of various vehicle components, and is also an important indicator of driving safety and reliability.
  • the vehicle with air suspension is allowed to have higher legal load.
  • the air suspension can achieve the compatibility of the vehicle ’s comfort and handling safety.
  • the installation of suspensions on commercial vehicles is becoming more and more common.
  • the main components of the electronically controlled air suspension may include: an air spring, a displacement sensor, an electronic control unit (ECU), and a solenoid valve.
  • the electronic control unit (ECU) obtains the current height of each air spring by collecting the displacement sensor signals, that is, the height of the body.
  • the ECU controls the solenoid valve to charge and deflate the air spring , And then control the height of each air spring, that is, the height of the body.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a method, device, storage medium and vehicle for preventing rollover of a vehicle in order to solve the above-mentioned defects, in order to solve the problem that if the load sensor is not installed with a pressure sensor, the load is too large or the load distribution is uneven Or, if the body posture changes, it is easy to cause the problem of the risk of rollover during the driving of the vehicle, and the effect that the risk of rollover is unlikely to occur.
  • the present application provides a method for preventing rollover of a vehicle, including: acquiring displacement sensor data of an electronically controlled air suspension of the vehicle; and determining a load value of an air spring of the electrically controlled air suspension according to the displacement sensor data ; Carry out overload warning and / or roll warning according to the load value, so as to realize anti-rollover control of the vehicle.
  • determining the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension based on the displacement sensor data includes: determining the atmospheric pressure p a and the air variability index n of the environment to which the vehicle belongs, the The set height h and internal pressure p e0 of the air spring in the initial state, and the effective bearing area A e of the air spring itself; according to the atmospheric pressure p a , the air change index n, the setting At a fixed height h, the internal pressure p e0 and the effective pressure area A e , combined with the displacement sensor data x, the load value F of the air spring is calculated using the following formula:
  • the air spring includes: a membrane air spring; the membrane air spring includes: a cylindrical piston base membrane air spring; and / or, the air variable index, It can be determined according to the rate of change of the displacement sensor data of the electronically controlled air suspension; and / or, the internal pressure can be determined according to the set height and the weight of the vehicle body itself.
  • the load value includes: a single load of each of the air springs in the electronically controlled air suspension and a total load of the entire vehicle; wherein, the overload is performed according to the load value Early warning, including: when the vehicle is not in use, determine whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load; if the vehicle is overloaded, then according to the current load value according to the set overload Early warning level for overload warning; or, if the vehicle is not overloaded, or if the vehicle is overloaded to be not overloaded, the overload warning will not be performed, or the overload warning in the case of the vehicle overload will be lifted.
  • the load value Early warning including: when the vehicle is not in use, determine whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load; if the vehicle is overloaded, then according to the current load value according to the set overload Early warning level for overload warning; or, if the vehicle is not overloaded, or if the vehicle is overloaded to be not overloaded, the overload warning will not be performed, or the overload warning in
  • determining whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load includes: determining whether a single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to a set first single load threshold , Or whether the total load is greater than or equal to the set first total load threshold; if the single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to the first single load threshold, or the total load is greater than or equal to the The first total load threshold, it is determined that the vehicle is overloaded, and the overload warning level under the current load value is determined as the set first overload warning level; if the single load of any of the air springs is less than the first single A load threshold, and the total load is less than the first total load threshold, then it is further determined whether the single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to a set second single load threshold, or whether the total load is greater than or Equal to the set second total load threshold; the second single load threshold is less than the first single load threshold, and the second total load threshold is less than the first
  • the overload warning is performed according to the set overload warning level according to the current load value, including: if the overload warning level is the set first overload warning level, displaying the first set color Indication information of the overload warning and / or initiate the overload warning of the first set reminder message; or, if the overload warning level is the set second overload warning level, display the overload warning of the second set color Instruction information, and / or initiate an overload warning of the second setting reminder message; and / or, do not perform overload warning, or lift the overload warning in the case of the vehicle overload, including: displaying the third setting color without overload Or instructions for lifting the overload warning, and / or lifting the overload warning of the first set reminder message or the second set reminder message; and / or, the first single load threshold, the second single load threshold, all At least one of the first total load threshold and the second total load threshold can be determined according to the spring parameter of the air spring and the vehicle model of the vehicle.
  • the roll warning according to the load value includes: determining a lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle according to the load value; determining whether the vehicle body attitude of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate; If the body posture is not stable, the roll warning is performed according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate; or, if the body posture is stable, or if the body posture is unstable, the body posture If the posture of the vehicle body is adjusted to be stable, the roll warning is not performed, or the roll warning in the case of the unstable body attitude is not released.
  • determining the lateral load transfer rate according to the load value includes: grouping the load value into left and right load values on the left and right sides of the vehicle; according to the left load value And the right load value, determine the vertical load difference between the left and right tires of the vehicle and the vertical load value of the left and right tires; divide the difference between the vertical load and the vertical load to obtain The lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle; and / or determining whether the body posture of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate, including: determining whether the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set transfer rate range; If the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set transfer rate range, it is determined that the body attitude is not stable, and the roll warning level at the current lateral load transfer rate is determined to be the set first roll warning Level; if the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range, it is further determined whether the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to The lower
  • the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is used to further determine whether the body posture is stable, including: if the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is the first overload warning level or the first Second overload warning level, it is determined that the body attitude is not stable, and the roll warning level at the current lateral load transfer rate is determined to be the set first roll warning level; or, if the vehicle is overloaded, the overload warning The level is the overload warning level without overload warning, or lifting the overload warning when the vehicle is overloaded, or if the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is not considered, the body posture is determined to be unstable and the current lateral direction is determined The roll warning level at the load transfer rate is the set second roll warning level; the second roll warning level is less than the first roll warning level.
  • the roll warning according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate includes: if the roll warning level is the set first roll warning level, displaying the first setting Indication information of the roll warning of a fixed color, and / or roll warning of the first set reminder message; or, if the roll warning level is the set second roll warning level, the roll of the second set color is displayed Early warning indication information, and / or roll warning that initiates the second setting reminder message; and / or, no roll warning or lifting roll warning in the case of unstable body attitude, including: displaying the third setting Indication information of untilted or tilted warning in color, and / or tilted warning of the first setting reminder message or the second setting reminder message is released.
  • a vehicle rollover control device including: an acquisition unit for acquiring displacement sensor data of the electronically controlled air suspension of the vehicle; a control unit for The displacement sensor data determines the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension; the control unit is also used to perform overload warning and / or roll warning based on the load value to prevent the vehicle Rollover control.
  • the control unit determines the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension according to the displacement sensor data, including: determining the atmospheric pressure p a and the air variability index of the environment to which the vehicle belongs n, the set height h and the internal pressure p e0 of the air spring in the initial state, and the effective bearing area A e of the air spring itself; according to the atmospheric pressure p a , the air change index n , The set height h, the internal pressure p e0 and the effective pressure area A e , combined with the displacement sensor data x, use the following formula to calculate the load value F of the air spring:
  • the air spring includes: a membrane air spring; the membrane air spring includes: a cylindrical piston base membrane air spring; and / or, the air variable index, It can be determined according to the rate of change of the displacement sensor data of the electronically controlled air suspension; and / or, the internal pressure can be determined according to the set height and the weight of the vehicle body itself.
  • the load value includes: a single load of each of the air springs in the electronically controlled air suspension and a total load of the entire vehicle of the vehicle; wherein, the control unit is based on the
  • the load value for overload warning includes: when the vehicle is not in use, determine whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load; if the vehicle is overloaded, press the current load value according to Set the overload warning level for overload warning; or, if the vehicle is not overloaded, or if the vehicle is overloaded to be not overloaded, the overload warning will not be carried out, or the vehicle overload will not be lifted. Overload warning.
  • the control unit determines whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load, including: determining whether a single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to a set first A single load threshold, or whether the total load is greater than or equal to a set first total load threshold; if the single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to the first single load threshold, or the total load is greater than Or equal to the first total load threshold, determine that the vehicle is overloaded, and determine that the overload warning level under the current load value is the set first overload warning level; if the single load of any of the air springs is less than The first single load threshold, and the total load is less than the first total load threshold, then it is further determined whether the single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to the set second single load threshold, or the total Whether the load is greater than or equal to the set second total load threshold; the second single load threshold is less than the first single load threshold, and the second total load threshold The value is
  • the control unit performs overload warning according to the set overload warning level according to the current load value, including: if the overload warning level is the set first overload warning level, displaying the first An indication message of overload warning in a set color, and / or an overload warning initiating a first set reminder message; or, if the overload warning level is a set second overload warning level, a second set color is displayed Indication information of the overload warning of the vehicle, and / or initiate the overload warning of the second set reminder message; and / or, the control unit does not perform the overload warning, or lifts the overload warning in the case of the vehicle overload, including: displaying Indication information of the third set color of non-overloading or lifting overload warning, and / or lifting the overload warning of the first setting reminder message or the second setting reminder message; and / or, the first single load threshold, all At least one of the second single load threshold, the first total load threshold, and the second total load threshold can be based on the spring parameters of the air spring and the vehicle The vehicle models OK.
  • the control unit performs roll warning according to the load value, including: determining a lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle according to the load value; determining a vehicle body of the vehicle according to the lateral load transfer rate Whether the posture is stable; if the body posture is not stable, the roll warning is performed according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate; or, if the body posture is stable or when the body posture is not stable After the vehicle body posture is adjusted down to a stable body posture, the roll warning is not performed, or the roll warning in the case where the vehicle posture is not stable is released.
  • the control unit determines the lateral load transfer rate according to the load value includes: grouping the load value into left and right load values on the left and right sides of the vehicle; The left load value and the right load value determine the difference between the vertical load of the left and right tires of the vehicle and the vertical load value of the left and right tires; divide the difference between the vertical load and the vertical load And, obtain the lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle; and / or, the control unit determines whether the body posture of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate, including: determining whether the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to Set the upper limit of the transfer rate range; if the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set transfer rate range, determine that the body attitude is not stable, and determine the roll warning level at the current lateral load transfer rate Is the set first roll warning level; if the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range, the lateral load is further determined Whether the load transfer rate is
  • the control unit further determines whether the body posture is stable in conjunction with an overload warning level that performs overload warning on the vehicle, including: if the overload warning level that carries the overload warning on the vehicle is the first overload Early warning level or second overload warning level, it is determined that the body posture is not stable, and the roll warning level at the current lateral load transfer rate is determined to be the set first roll warning level; or, if the vehicle is overloaded
  • the overload warning level of early warning is that the overload warning level is not carried out, or the overload warning level in the case of overloading the vehicle is lifted, or if the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is not considered, the body attitude is determined to be unstable, and It is determined that the roll warning level at the current lateral load transfer rate is the set second roll warning level; the second roll warning level is less than the first roll warning level.
  • the control unit performs roll warning according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate, including: if the roll warning level is the set first roll warning level, then Display the indication information of the tilt warning in the first set color, and / or initiate the tilt warning in the first set reminder message; or, if the tilt warning level is the set second tilt warning level, the second setting is displayed Indicating information of tilting warning of a fixed color, and / or tilting warning that initiates a second set reminder message; and / or, the control unit does not perform a tilting warning, or cancels a tilting warning when the body posture is not stable Including: displaying the third set color of untilted or tilted warning information, and / or tilted warning of the first setting reminder message or the second setting reminder message.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned vehicle rollover control device.
  • a storage medium including: a plurality of instructions are stored in the storage medium; the plurality of instructions are used by a processor to load and execute the vehicle prevention described above Control method of rollover.
  • a vehicle including: a processor for executing multiple instructions; a memory for storing multiple instructions; wherein, the multiple instructions are used by the The memory stores and is loaded by the processor and executes the above-mentioned method for controlling the vehicle rollover.
  • the body posture is evaluated, and when the body posture is detected to be unstable, an early warning is issued to prevent the vehicle from rolling over if the body posture is unstable. Improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • the vehicle load can be evaluated, and the body attitude can be evaluated, and early warning , To prevent the risk of rollover, improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • the solution of the present application can directly use the data of the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor to obtain the load and calculate the roll of the vehicle without using a pressure sensor for the air spring itself, which can prevent the risk of rollover and improve the vehicle operation Reliability and security.
  • the solution of the present application by using a vehicle load evaluation algorithm based on an electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor without using a pressure sensor, and using the algorithm to provide early warning of vehicle overload and roll, on the one hand
  • the load is evaluated and early warning is given to overload; on the other hand, when the body attitude is not stable, an early warning can be issued to prevent the vehicle from overturning.
  • the vehicle load is evaluated, and the body attitude is evaluated to achieve early warning and solve the previous technology.
  • the pressure sensor is not installed in the vehicle, if the load is too large, or the load distribution is uneven, or the body posture changes, it is easy to cause the problem of the risk of rollover during the driving process of the vehicle, thereby overcoming the side-prone problems in the prior art
  • the defects of overturning, low reliability and poor safety realize the beneficial effects of being less prone to rollover, high reliability and good safety.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a control method for vehicle rollover prevention according to this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of determining the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension according to the data of the displacement sensor in the method of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of overload warning according to the load value in the method of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of determining whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load in the method of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of roll warning according to the load value in the method of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of determining a lateral load transfer rate according to the load value in the method of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of determining whether the body posture of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate in the method of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle rollover control device of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a vehicle load evaluation algorithm based on a suspension displacement sensor in a vehicle of this application.
  • 10 is a schematic diagram of the early warning and roll early warning process of the vehicle in the application.
  • a vehicle rollover control method as shown in FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method of the present application.
  • the vehicle rollover control method may include steps S110 to S130.
  • step S110 the displacement sensor data of the electronically controlled air suspension of the vehicle is acquired.
  • the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension is determined according to the displacement sensor data.
  • the air spring may include: a membrane air spring.
  • the membrane air spring may include: a cylindrical piston base membrane air spring.
  • the air springs used in commercial vehicle air suspensions are membrane air springs, which are characterized by a small change in spring stiffness, a small change in effective area, and a low natural frequency in the normal operating range, and Does not change with changes in load.
  • the membrane air spring and further selecting the cylindrical piston base membrane air spring as the membrane air spring, it is helpful to improve the accuracy and reliability of early warning processing based on the load value of the air spring, so that it can be reliable and Safely realize the anti-rollover control of the vehicle.
  • a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of determining the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension according to the data of the displacement sensor in the method of the present application shown in FIG. 2 may be further described in step S120 according to the The specific process of the displacement sensor data determining the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension may include steps S210 and S220.
  • Step S210 Determine the atmospheric pressure p a and the air variability index n of the environment to which the vehicle belongs, the set height h and the internal pressure p e0 of the air spring in the initial state, and the effective pressure of the air spring itself Area A e .
  • the air variable index can be determined according to the rate of change of the displacement sensor data of the electronically controlled air suspension; and / or, the internal pressure can be determined according to the set height and the vehicle body itself Weight determination.
  • the accuracy and reliability of the air variable index and the internal pressure of the air spring are determined, which is beneficial to improve the air The accuracy and reliability of the spring load value determination.
  • Step S220 according to the atmospheric pressure p a , the air change index n, the set height h, the internal pressure p e0 and the effective pressure area A e , combined with the displacement sensor data x, Use the following formula to calculate the load value F of the air spring:
  • the load value is:
  • p a atmospheric pressure
  • h design height of the air spring in the initial state
  • x the height measured by the displacement sensor
  • n the gas variable index, which refers to the air variable index, which is based on the rate of change of the height measured by the displacement sensor
  • the size of dx / dt is selected from 1.3 to 1.38
  • p e0 the initial internal gauge pressure of the air spring (also called relative gas pressure or effective pressure), which can be obtained according to the height of the designed air spring and the weight of the body itself
  • a e The effective bearing area of the air spring is determined by the specific air spring and can be cured in the ECU. That is to say, after the approximation and calculation of the algorithm, the change of the load value is only related to the displacement x; it can be measured by the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor, and the load on each axle can be obtained from this.
  • ECU obtains the corresponding air spring effective bearing area A e and the corresponding threshold value of a single air spring; according to the selected specific vehicle model (such as vehicle model parameters), ECU obtains the corresponding vehicle itself (ie the vehicle air Under load) weight and corresponding warning threshold; according to the designed height, the relative pressure inside the initial state of the air spring can be obtained; the displacement sensor data on each air spring is collected in real time, and the ECU calculates the corresponding air change index. In this way, the force on each air spring can be obtained through calculation, that is, the load of each air spring; thus the spring load mass of the entire vehicle is obtained.
  • the selected specific vehicle model such as vehicle model parameters
  • the load value of the air spring is calculated by using the set formula based on the vehicle parameters and the air spring parameters, combined with the displacement sensor data, the calculation method is simple, and the reliability is high and the accuracy is good.
  • overload warning and / or roll warning is performed according to the load value, so as to realize anti-rollover control of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle load can be evaluated, the body attitude can be evaluated, and early warning ,
  • the beneficial effects that can be achieved include: assessment of the vehicle load and overload Early warning; when an unstable body attitude is detected, an early warning is issued to prevent the vehicle from overturning.
  • load transfer is used, that is, the difference between loads is directly obtained; the specific implementation is: for the air spring itself, without using a pressure sensor, directly use the data of the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor to obtain the load and calculate the vehicle Roll condition.
  • Anti-rollover control effectively prevents the vehicle from rolling over and improves the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • the load value may include: a single load of each of the air springs in the electronically controlled air suspension and a total load of the entire vehicle.
  • step S130 may be further described in conjunction with a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of overload warning according to the load value in the method of the present application shown in FIG. 3, which may include: Step S310 to step S330.
  • step S310 when the vehicle is not in use, it is determined whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load. For example, it is determined whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the first position of the single load in the set single load range and / or the second position of the total load in the set total load range.
  • the specific process of determining whether the vehicle is overloaded by the load and / or the total load may include steps S410 to S450.
  • step S410 it is determined whether a single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to a set first single load threshold, or whether the total load is greater than or equal to a set first total load threshold.
  • At least one of the first single load threshold, the second single load threshold, the first total load threshold and the second total load threshold can be based on the spring parameters and The vehicle type of the vehicle mentioned above is determined.
  • the corresponding load threshold is determined by the spring parameters of the air spring and the vehicle parameters of the vehicle, which is helpful to improve the accuracy and reliability of judging whether the vehicle is overloaded, and further improve the accuracy and reliability of the overload warning process.
  • Step S420 if the single load of any one of the air springs is greater than or equal to the first single load threshold, or the total load is greater than or equal to the first total load threshold, it is determined that the vehicle is overloaded and the current The overload warning level under the load value is the set first overload warning level.
  • Step S430 if the single load of any of the air springs is less than the first single load threshold and the total load is less than the first total load threshold, it is further determined whether the single load of any of the air springs is greater than Or equal to the set second single load threshold, or whether the total load is greater than or equal to the set second total load threshold.
  • the second single load threshold is less than the first single load threshold, and the second total load threshold is less than the first total load threshold.
  • Step S440 if the single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to the second single load threshold, or the total load is greater than or equal to the second total load threshold, it is determined that the vehicle is overloaded, and it is determined that the current The overload warning level under the load value is the set second overload warning level.
  • the second overload warning level is less than the first overload warning level.
  • step S450 if the single load of any one of the air springs is less than the second single load threshold and the total load is less than the second total load threshold, it is determined that the vehicle is not overloaded.
  • the overload warning is carried out according to the overload warning level , So that the accuracy and reliability of overload warning can be guaranteed, which is conducive to improving the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • Step S320 If the vehicle is overloaded, overload warning is performed according to the set overload warning level according to the current load value.
  • performing overload warning according to the set overload warning level according to the current load value in step S320 which may include: if the overload warning level is the set first overload warning level, displaying the first set color Indication information of the overload warning and / or initiate the overload warning of the first set reminder message; or, if the overload warning level is the set second overload warning level, display the overload warning of the second set color Indication information, and / or initiate overload warning of the second set reminder message.
  • the ECU detects that the following conditions are met and issues an early warning:
  • the instrument panel displays the set first color (such as red) warning and audible alarm.
  • step S330 if the vehicle is not overloaded, or if the vehicle is overloaded to be not overloaded, the overload warning is not performed, or the overload warning in the case of the vehicle overload is lifted.
  • the overload warning is carried out when the vehicle is overloaded, and the corresponding indication is made when the vehicle is not overloaded.
  • the reliability and accuracy of overload warnings will further improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • not performing the overload warning in step S330, or releasing the overload warning in the case of the vehicle overload may include: displaying the indication information of the third set color of no overload or releasing the overload warning, and / or releasing Overload early warning of the first setting reminder message or the second setting reminder message.
  • the ECU detects that the following conditions are met and issues an early warning:
  • the safe load dashboard displays the set third color (such as green), and the audible alarm is released.
  • step S130 may be further described in conjunction with a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of tilting early warning according to the load value in the method of the present application shown in FIG. 5, which may include: Step S510 to step S540.
  • Step S510 Determine the lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle according to the load value.
  • step S510 may be combined with a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of determining the lateral load transfer rate according to the load value in the method of the present application shown in FIG. 6, to further explain the specific determination of the lateral load transfer rate according to the load value in step S510
  • the process may include: steps S610 to S630.
  • step S610 the load values are grouped into left and right load values on the left and right sides of the vehicle.
  • Step S620 Determine the sum of the vertical load difference between the left and right tires of the vehicle and the vertical load value of the left and right tires according to the left load value and the right load value.
  • Step S630 Divide the difference of the vertical load by the sum of the vertical load to obtain the lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle.
  • LTR the lateral load transfer rate
  • LTR the lateral load transfer rate
  • F L ⁇ F Li
  • F R ⁇ F Ri
  • i the number of installed air springs, i ⁇ 2
  • F Li and F Ri are the load conditions of each air spring on the left and right sides
  • LTR is the lateral load transfer ratio
  • F R is the right axle load of the vehicle.
  • the calculation process is simple, and The calculation results are reliable and accurate.
  • Step S520 Determine whether the body posture of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate.
  • a flowchart of an embodiment of determining whether the vehicle body posture of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate in the method of the present application shown in FIG. 7 may be further described, further illustrating that the lateral load transfer is performed in step S520
  • the specific process of determining whether the body posture of the vehicle is stable may include steps S710 to S750.
  • Step S710 Determine whether the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set transfer rate range.
  • Step S720 if the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set transfer rate range, it is determined that the body posture is not stable, and the roll warning level under the current lateral load transfer rate is determined to be the set first A tilt warning level.
  • ECU issues emergency tilt danger tilt , and the instrument panel displays the set first color (such as red) early warning and audible alarm.
  • Step S730 if the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range, it is further determined whether the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the set transfer rate range.
  • Step S740 if the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range and greater than or equal to the lower limit of the set transfer rate range, then in the case of overload warning based on the load value, combine The overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle further determines whether the body posture is stable.
  • the overload warning level for overload warning the vehicle is used to further determine whether the body posture is stable, which may include any of the following situations:
  • the first case if the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is the first overload warning level or the second overload warning level, it is determined that the body posture is not stable and the roll at the current lateral load transfer rate is determined
  • the early warning level is the set first tilting early warning level.
  • the second situation if the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is not overload warning, or the overload warning in the case of overload of the vehicle is lifted, or if the overload warning of the vehicle is not considered for overload warning Level, it is determined that the posture of the vehicle body is not stable, and the roll warning level at the current lateral load transfer rate is determined to be the set second roll warning level.
  • the second roll warning level is less than the first roll warning level.
  • the ECU issues a primary warning of roll tilt , and the dashboard displays a yellow warning and an audible warning.
  • the ECU can directly issue the primary warning of roll tilt without warning of load, and the instrument panel displays the set second color (such as yellow) warning and audible warning.
  • the vehicle's roll is further determined in conjunction with the vehicle's overload warning level when the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range and greater than or equal to the lower limit of the set transfer rate range
  • the early warning level is helpful to improve the accuracy and reliability of the determination of the roll early warning level.
  • step S750 if the lateral load transfer rate is less than the lower limit of the set transfer rate range, it is determined that the body posture is stable.
  • the roll warning is performed according to the roll warning level, so that the accuracy and reliability of the roll warning It is guaranteed to help improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • step S530 if the posture of the vehicle body is not stable, a roll warning is performed according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate.
  • the roll warning according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate may include: if the roll warning level is the set first roll warning level, displaying the first setting Indication information of the roll warning of a fixed color, and / or roll warning of the first set reminder message; or, if the roll warning level is the set second roll warning level, the roll of the second set color is displayed The early warning instruction information, and / or the roll warning that initiates the second set reminder message.
  • the dashboard display for example: using the third color set (such as green)-security, the second color set (such as yellow)-primary warning, the first color set (such as red)-emergency Early warning, audible alarm, etc.).
  • the third color set such as green
  • the second color set such as yellow
  • the first color set such as red
  • tilting warnings of different tilting warning levels are clear and intuitive, which is convenient for users to view or listen to, so as to give timely response Proper handling in case of tilting.
  • step S540 if the body posture is stable, or if the body posture is not stable, the body posture is adjusted to a stable body posture, then no roll warning is performed, or the roll is canceled if the body posture is not stable Early warning.
  • the obtained loads are grouped into the loads F L and F R on the left and right sides of the vehicle, and calculated using the lateral load transfer rate LTR.
  • the load warning can be selectively increased as After the judgment conditions are added, multiple levels of roll warnings are obtained and sent to the dashboard for display.
  • the corresponding roll warning when the body posture is not stable can remind the user to promptly Adjust the body posture to improve the reliability and safety of the vehicle's operation; or do not perform the tilt warning when the body posture is stable or the tilt warning is released, so that the user can know the state of the body posture at any time, and the civilization is good.
  • not performing the roll warning or releasing the roll warning in the case where the body posture is not stable in step S540 may include: displaying the indication information of the third set color of no roll or releasing the roll warning, and / or Or cancel the roll warning of the first setting reminder message or the second setting reminder message.
  • the ECU issues an emergency early warning for tilt , the instrument panel displays the set third color (such as green) and the audible alarm is released.
  • the driver can be prompted intuitively, which is convenient for him to standardize the load and his own driving behavior, and avoid rollover accidents.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment is adopted.
  • the vehicle load is evaluated, and the overload is evaluated. Carry out load warning to prevent the vehicle from overturning in the case of overload, and improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • a vehicle anti-rollover control device corresponding to a vehicle anti-rollover control method is also provided.
  • the vehicle rollover control device may include an acquisition unit 102 and a control unit 104.
  • the acquiring unit 102 may be used to acquire displacement sensor data of the electronically controlled air suspension of the vehicle.
  • the obtaining unit 102 For specific functions and processing of the obtaining unit 102, refer to step S110.
  • control unit 104 may be used to determine the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension according to the displacement sensor data. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, refer to step S120.
  • the air spring may include: a membrane air spring.
  • the membrane air spring may include: a cylindrical piston base membrane air spring.
  • the air springs used in commercial vehicle air suspensions are membrane air springs, which are characterized by a small change in spring stiffness, a small change in effective area, and a low natural frequency in the normal operating range, and Does not change with changes in load.
  • the membrane air spring and further selecting the cylindrical piston base membrane air spring as the membrane air spring, it is helpful to improve the accuracy and reliability of early warning processing based on the load value of the air spring, so that it can be reliable and Safely realize the anti-rollover control of the vehicle.
  • control unit 104 determining the load value of the air spring of the electronically controlled air suspension according to the displacement sensor data may include:
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine the atmospheric pressure p a and the air variability index n of the environment to which the vehicle belongs, the set height h and the internal pressure p e0 of the air spring in the initial state, and all Describe the effective bearing area A e of the air spring itself. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S210.
  • the air variable index can be determined according to the rate of change of the displacement sensor data of the electronically controlled air suspension; and / or, the internal pressure can be determined according to the set height and the vehicle body itself Weight determination.
  • the accuracy and reliability of the air variable index and the internal pressure of the air spring are determined, which is beneficial to improve the air The accuracy and reliability of the spring load value determination.
  • the control unit 104 may be specifically configured to be based on the atmospheric pressure p a , the air change index n, the set height h, the internal pressure p e0 and the effective pressure area A e , Combined with the displacement sensor data x, the load value F of the air spring is calculated using the following formula: For the specific function and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S220.
  • the load value is:
  • p a atmospheric pressure
  • h design height of the air spring in the initial state
  • x the height measured by the displacement sensor
  • n the gas variable index, which refers to the air variable index, which is based on the rate of change of the height measured by the displacement sensor
  • the size of dx / dt is selected from 1.3 to 1.38
  • p e0 the initial internal gauge pressure of the air spring (also called relative gas pressure or effective pressure), which can be obtained according to the height of the designed air spring and the weight of the body itself
  • a e The effective bearing area of the air spring is determined by the specific air spring and can be cured in the ECU. That is to say, after the approximation and calculation of the algorithm, the change of the load value is only related to the displacement x; it can be measured by the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor, and the load on each axle can be obtained from this.
  • ECU obtains the corresponding air spring effective bearing area A e and the corresponding threshold value of a single air spring; according to the selected specific vehicle model (such as vehicle model parameters), ECU obtains the corresponding vehicle itself (ie the vehicle air Under load) weight and corresponding warning threshold; according to the designed height, the relative pressure inside the initial state of the air spring can be obtained; the displacement sensor data on each air spring is collected in real time, and the ECU calculates the corresponding air change index. In this way, the force on each air spring can be obtained through calculation, that is, the load of each air spring; thus the spring load mass of the entire vehicle can be obtained.
  • the selected specific vehicle model such as vehicle model parameters
  • the load value of the air spring is calculated by using the set formula based on the vehicle parameters and the air spring parameters, combined with the displacement sensor data, the calculation method is simple, and the reliability is high and the accuracy is good.
  • control unit 104 may also be used to perform overload warning and / or roll warning according to the load value, so as to implement anti-rollover control of the vehicle.
  • control unit 104 For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S130.
  • the vehicle load can be evaluated, the body attitude can be evaluated, and early warning ,
  • the beneficial effects that can be achieved include: assessment of the vehicle load and overload Early warning; when an unstable body attitude is detected, an early warning is issued to prevent the vehicle from overturning.
  • load transfer is used, that is, the difference between loads is directly obtained; the specific implementation is: for the air spring itself, without using a pressure sensor, directly use the data of the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor to obtain the load and calculate the vehicle Roll condition.
  • Anti-rollover control effectively prevents the vehicle from rolling over and improves the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • the load value may include: a single load of each of the air springs in the electronically controlled air suspension and a total load of the entire vehicle.
  • control unit 104 performs overload warning according to the load value, which may include:
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load when the vehicle is not in use. For example, it is determined whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the first position of the single load in the set single load range and / or the second position of the total load in the set total load range. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S310.
  • control unit 104 determines whether the vehicle is overloaded according to the single load and / or the total load, may include:
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine whether a single load of any of the air springs is greater than or equal to a set first single load threshold, or whether the total load is greater than or equal to a set first total load Threshold. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S410.
  • At least one of the first single load threshold, the second single load threshold, the first total load threshold and the second total load threshold can be based on the spring parameters and The vehicle type of the vehicle mentioned above is determined.
  • the corresponding load threshold is determined by the spring parameters of the air spring and the vehicle parameters of the vehicle, which is helpful to improve the accuracy and reliability of judging whether the vehicle is overloaded, and further improve the accuracy and reliability of the overload warning process.
  • the control unit 104 may be specifically configured to determine if the single load of any one of the air springs is greater than or equal to the first single load threshold, or the total load is greater than or equal to the first total load threshold The vehicle is overloaded, and it is determined that the overload warning level under the current load value is the set first overload warning level. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S420.
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be further configured to further determine any one of the air springs if the single load of the air spring is less than the first single load threshold and the total load is less than the first total load threshold Whether the single load of the air spring is greater than or equal to the set second single load threshold, or whether the total load is greater than or equal to the set second total load threshold.
  • the second single load threshold is less than the first single load threshold, and the second total load threshold is less than the first total load threshold.
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine if the single load of any one of the air springs is greater than or equal to the second single load threshold, or the total load is greater than or equal to the second total load threshold The vehicle is overloaded, and it is determined that the overload warning level under the current load value is the set second overload warning level. The second overload warning level is less than the first overload warning level. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S440.
  • control unit 104 may specifically be further configured to determine if the single load of any of the air springs is less than the second single load threshold and the total load is less than the second total load threshold The vehicle is not overloaded. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S450.
  • the overload warning is carried out according to the overload warning level , So that the accuracy and reliability of overload warning can be guaranteed, which is conducive to improving the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to perform overload warning according to the set overload warning level according to the current load value if the vehicle is overloaded. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S320.
  • the control unit 104 performs overload warning according to the set overload warning level according to the current load value, which may include: the control unit 104 may specifically be used if the overload warning level is set The first overload warning level displays indication information of the overload warning in the first set color, and / or initiates the overload warning of the first setting reminder message; or, the control unit 104 may be specifically used for The overload warning level is the set second overload warning level, then the indication information of the overload warning in the second set color is displayed, and / or the overload warning initiating the second set reminder message is initiated.
  • the ECU detects that the following conditions are met and issues an early warning:
  • the instrument panel displays the set first color (such as red) warning and audible alarm.
  • control unit 104 may be specifically used to not carry out overload warning or cancel the overload condition of the vehicle if the vehicle is not overloaded, or is reduced to no overload when the vehicle is overloaded Under the overload warning.
  • control unit 104 For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S330.
  • the overload warning is carried out when the vehicle is overloaded, and the corresponding indication is made when the vehicle is not overloaded.
  • the reliability and accuracy of overload warnings will further improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • control unit 104 does not perform overload warning or cancels the overload warning when the vehicle is overloaded, and may include: the control unit 104 may specifically be used to display the third set color Instruction information for overloading or lifting overload warning, and / or lifting overload warning of the first setting reminder message or the second setting reminder message.
  • the ECU detects that the following conditions are met and issues an early warning:
  • the safe load dashboard displays the set third color (such as green), and the audible alarm is released.
  • control unit 104 performing roll warning according to the load value may include:
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine the lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle according to the load value. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S510.
  • control unit 104 determining the lateral load transfer rate according to the load value may include:
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to group the load values into left and right load values on the left and right sides of the vehicle. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S610.
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine the difference between the vertical load of the left and right tires of the vehicle and the vertical load value of the left and right tires according to the left load value and the right load value. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S620.
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to divide the difference between the vertical loads by the sum of the vertical loads to obtain the lateral load transfer rate of the vehicle. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S630.
  • LTR the lateral load transfer rate
  • LTR the lateral load transfer rate
  • F L ⁇ F Li
  • F R ⁇ F Ri
  • i the number of installed air springs, i ⁇ 2
  • F Li and F Ri are the load conditions of each air spring on the left and right sides
  • LTR is the lateral load transfer ratio
  • F R is the right axle load of the vehicle.
  • the calculation process is simple, and The calculation results are reliable and accurate.
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine whether the body posture of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S520.
  • control unit 104 determining whether the body posture of the vehicle is stable according to the lateral load transfer rate may include:
  • the control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine whether the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set transfer rate range. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S710.
  • the control unit 104 can also be specifically used to determine that the body posture is not stable if the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set transfer rate range, and determine the current lateral load transfer rate.
  • the roll warning level is the set first roll warning level. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S720.
  • ECU issues emergency tilt danger tilt , and the instrument panel displays the set first color (such as red) early warning and audible alarm.
  • the control unit 104 may be further specifically configured to further determine whether the lateral load transfer rate is greater than or equal to the set transfer rate range if the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range Lower limit. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S730.
  • the control unit 104 may also be specifically configured to determine whether the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range and greater than or equal to the lower limit of the set transfer rate range. In the case of overload warning, the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is used to further determine whether the body posture is stable. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S740.
  • control unit 104 further determines whether the body posture is stable in combination with the overload warning level for overload warning the vehicle, which may include any of the following situations:
  • control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine that the body posture is not stable if the overload warning level for overloading the vehicle is the first overload warning level or the second overload warning level, And determine that the current roll warning level under the current lateral load transfer rate is the set first roll warning level.
  • the control unit 104 can also be specifically used if the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle is not to carry the overload warning, or to lift the overload warning in the case of the vehicle overload, or if not Considering the overload warning level for overload warning of the vehicle, it is determined that the body posture is not stable, and the roll warning level at the current lateral load transfer rate is determined to be the set second roll warning level.
  • the second roll warning level is less than the first roll warning level.
  • the ECU issues a primary warning of roll tilt , and the dashboard displays a yellow warning and an audible warning.
  • the ECU can directly issue the primary warning of roll tilt without warning of load, and the instrument panel displays the set second color (such as yellow) warning and audible warning.
  • the vehicle's roll is further determined in conjunction with the vehicle's overload warning level when the lateral load transfer rate is less than the upper limit of the set transfer rate range and greater than or equal to the lower limit of the set transfer rate range
  • the early warning level is helpful to improve the accuracy and reliability of the determination of the roll early warning level.
  • control unit 104 may specifically be used to determine that the body posture is stable if the lateral load transfer rate is less than the lower limit of the set transfer rate range. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S750.
  • the roll warning is performed according to the roll warning level, so that the accuracy and reliability of the roll warning It is guaranteed to help improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • the control unit 104 can also be specifically used to perform roll warning according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate if the posture of the vehicle body is not stable. For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S530.
  • control unit 104 performs roll warning according to the set roll warning level according to the current lateral load transfer rate, which may include: the control unit 104 may be specifically used if the roll warning level is set The first tilting warning level is set, then the indication information of the tilting warning of the first set color is displayed, and / or the tilting warning of the first setting reminder message is initiated; or, the control unit 104 may also be used If the roll warning level is the set second roll warning level, the indication information of the roll warning in the second set color is displayed, and / or the roll warning of the second set reminder message is initiated.
  • the dashboard display for example: using the third color set (such as green)-security, the second color set (such as yellow)-primary warning, the first color set (such as red)-emergency Early warning, audible alarm, etc.).
  • the third color set such as green
  • the second color set such as yellow
  • the first color set such as red
  • tilting warnings of different tilting warning levels are clear and intuitive, which is convenient for users to view or listen to, so as to give timely response Proper handling in case of tilting.
  • control unit 104 may also be specifically used if the body posture is stable, or if the body posture is not stable, the body posture is adjusted to the body posture is stable, the roll warning is not performed, or the all The roll warning in case of unstable body attitude is described.
  • step S540 For specific functions and processing of the control unit 104, see also step S540.
  • the obtained loads are grouped into the loads F L and F R on the left and right sides of the vehicle, and calculated using the lateral load transfer rate LTR.
  • the load warning can be selectively increased as After the judgment conditions are added, multiple levels of roll warnings are obtained and sent to the dashboard for display.
  • the corresponding roll warning when the body posture is not stable can remind the user to promptly Adjust the body posture to improve the reliability and safety of the vehicle's operation; or do not perform the tilt warning when the body posture is stable or the tilt warning is released, so that the user can know the state of the body posture at any time, and the civilization is good.
  • control unit 104 does not perform the roll warning or release the roll warning when the body posture is not stable, and may include: the control unit 104 may specifically be used to display the third set color Indication information of untilted or tilted warnings, and / or the tilted warning of the first set reminder message or the second set reminder message is released.
  • the ECU issues an emergency early warning for tilt , the instrument panel displays the set third color (such as green) and the audible alarm is released.
  • the driver can be prompted intuitively, which is convenient for him to standardize the load and his own driving behavior, and avoid rollover accidents.
  • the technical scheme of this application is adopted to evaluate the body posture after evaluating the vehicle load.
  • the body posture is detected to be unstable, an early warning is issued to prevent the vehicle from being unstable in the body posture There is a danger of rollover underneath, improving the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • a vehicle corresponding to a vehicle rollover control device is also provided.
  • the vehicle may include the vehicle rollover control device described above.
  • the solution of the present application relates to the field of vehicles, but also to other fields of possible applications, specifically: by collecting the electronically controlled air suspension Displacement sensor data, calculated by algorithm, can evaluate the vehicle load, and evaluate the body posture, early warning, to prevent the risk of rollover. Therefore, without using a pressure sensor, using the data of the displacement sensor of the electronically controlled air suspension, calculated by an algorithm, at least the beneficial effects that can be achieved include: evaluating the vehicle load, early warning of overload; when detected When the body posture is not stable, an early warning is issued to prevent the vehicle from overturning.
  • a model-based calculation algorithm for vehicle load evaluation may be used, which involves variables and parameters such as vehicle roll angle, roll angle rate, suspension stiffness, damping coefficient, and axle wheelbase.
  • the solution of this application is to use the definition of load transfer, that is, to directly calculate the difference between the loads; the specific implementation is: for the air spring itself, without using a pressure sensor, directly use the data of the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor Obtain the load and calculate the vehicle roll.
  • LTR the lateral load transfer rate
  • the solution of the present application proposes a vehicle load evaluation algorithm based on an electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor, and uses the algorithm to make an early warning of vehicle overload and roll.
  • it can be distinguished by the dashboard display, for example: use the third color set (such as green)-security, the second color set (such as yellow)-primary warning, the first color set (such as red)- Emergency warning, audible alarm, etc.).
  • the dashboard display for example: use the third color set (such as green)-security, the second color set (such as yellow)-primary warning, the first color set (such as red)- Emergency warning, audible alarm, etc.).
  • the air springs used in commercial vehicle air suspensions are membrane air springs, which are characterized by a small change in spring stiffness, a small change in effective area, and a low natural frequency in the normal operating range. , And does not change with the load.
  • the specific calculation algorithm may include:
  • the gas state inside the air spring can be expressed as:
  • p e0 and p e — are the initial and final state gauge pressures (also called relative gas pressure or effective pressure) inside the air spring; V 0 and V — are the air springs in the initial state and the final state respectively volume; p a - atmospheric pressure; N- gas polytropic exponent, where especially polytropic exponent of air, which during operation of the air spring, ranging from 1.3 to 1.38.
  • the standard height of the air spring is a set height h, which is used as the starting point for calculating the amount of deformation, compression is positive, and extension is negative.
  • the amount of compression or extension can be measured by the displacement sensor and recorded as ⁇ x.
  • V 0 A e h
  • V A e (h + x);
  • the load value at this time is:
  • p a atmospheric pressure
  • h the design height of the air spring in the initial state
  • x the height of the displacement sensor
  • n the gas variability index, which refers to the air variability index, which is based on the height measured by the displacement sensor
  • the size of the change rate dx / dt is selected from 1.3 to 1.38
  • p e0 the initial state gauge pressure of the air spring (also called relative gas pressure or effective pressure), which can be obtained according to the height of the designed air spring and the weight of the body itself Value
  • a e the effective pressure area of the air spring, determined by the specific air spring, can be cured in the ECU.
  • gauge pressure p e is a pressure value relative to an atmospheric pressure p a
  • the absolute pressure is atmospheric pressure p a + gauge pressure p e
  • the body weight F is distributed to i air springs, then each air The weight F / i distributed by the spring.
  • the change of the load value is only related to the displacement x; it can be measured by the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor, and the load on each axle can be obtained from this.
  • the lateral load transfer rate LTR is used as the rollover threshold.
  • a transverse load transfer ratio LTR (F L -F R) / (F L + F R), i.e. the difference between the left and right vertical load of the vehicle side of the tire divided by the sum of the vertical load.
  • LTR is the lateral load transfer ratio; F L to the left of the axle load of the vehicle; F R is the right axle load of the vehicle.
  • ⁇ F i i corresponds to the number of air springs, ⁇ F i is the sum of the individual air spring loads; F set1 and F set2 are the individual air spring load thresholds set in the program; F max1 and F max2 are The total load threshold of all air springs set in the program; LIMIT1 and LIMIT2 are the threshold values of the lateral load transfer rate set in the program.
  • the ECU obtains the corresponding air spring effective bearing area A e and the corresponding threshold value of the individual air spring; according to the specific vehicle model selected (such as the model Parameters), the ECU obtains the weight of the corresponding vehicle itself (that is, the vehicle under no-load conditions) and the corresponding early warning threshold; according to the designed height, the relative pressure inside the initial state of the air spring can be obtained; the displacement sensor data on each air spring is collected in real time , ECU calculates the corresponding air change index. In this way, the force on each air spring can be obtained through calculation, that is, the load of each air spring; thus the spring load mass of the entire vehicle can be obtained.
  • the specific vehicle model selected such as the model Parameters
  • the obtained spring-loaded mass can be compared with the set early warning threshold to obtain multiple levels of load early warning and send it to the dashboard for display; see the flowchart shown in FIG. 10.
  • the ECU detects that the following conditions are met and issues an early warning:
  • the instrument panel displays the set first color (such as red) warning and audible alarm.
  • the obtained loads are grouped into loads F L and F R on the left and right sides of the vehicle, and calculated using the lateral load transfer rate LTR. After judging that the LTR is compared with the set threshold, it can be After selectively adding load warning as an additional judgment condition, multiple levels of roll warning are obtained and sent to the instrument panel for display.
  • the ECU can directly issue the primary warning of roll tilt without warning of load, and the instrument panel displays the set second color (such as yellow) warning and audible warning.
  • the set second color such as yellow
  • the driver can be prompted intuitively, which is convenient for him to standardize the load and his own driving behavior, and avoid rollover accidents.
  • the vehicle load can be evaluated and the body posture can be evaluated. Make an assessment and give early warning to prevent the risk of rollover and improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • a storage medium corresponding to a vehicle rollover control method is also provided.
  • the storage medium may include: a plurality of instructions are stored in the storage medium; and the plurality of instructions are used by the processor to load and execute the above-described control method for vehicle rollover prevention.
  • the technical scheme of this application is adopted.
  • the air spring itself without using a pressure sensor, the data of the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor is used to obtain the load and calculate the roll of the vehicle. Risk of overturning to improve the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
  • a vehicle corresponding to a vehicle rollover control method.
  • the vehicle may include: a processor for executing multiple instructions; a memory for storing multiple instructions; wherein the multiple instructions are for storage by the memory and are loaded and executed by the processor The control method of the vehicle rollover described above.
  • the technical scheme of this application is adopted, and the vehicle load evaluation algorithm based on the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor is used without using a pressure sensor, and the algorithm is used to make early warning of vehicle overload and roll
  • the vehicle load evaluation algorithm based on the electronically controlled air suspension displacement sensor is used without using a pressure sensor, and the algorithm is used to make early warning of vehicle overload and roll
  • the vehicle load evaluation algorithm can make an assessment of the vehicle load and provide early warning of overload; on the other hand, it can issue an early warning when it detects an unstable body posture to prevent the vehicle from overturning.

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Abstract

一种车辆防侧翻的控制方法、装置、存储介质及车辆,该方法包括:获取所述车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据;根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值;根据所述载荷值进行超载预警和/或倾侧预警,以实现对所述车辆的防侧翻控制。该方法可以解决在车辆未安装压力传感器的情况下在车辆行驶过程中容易导致侧翻的问题,达到不易发生侧翻危险的效果。

Description

车辆防侧翻的控制方法、装置、存储介质及车辆
相关申请
本申请要求2018年11月01日申请的,申请号为201811296526.3,名称为“一种车辆防侧翻的控制方法、装置、存储介质及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权,在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请属于车辆技术领域,具体涉及一种车辆防侧翻的控制方法、装置、存储介质及车辆,尤其涉及一种无压力传感器空气悬架的车辆载荷评估算法与侧翻预警方法、与该方法对应的装置、具有该装置的车辆、存储有该方法对应的指令的计算机可读存储介质、以及能够执行该方法对应的指令的。
背景技术
车辆载荷是决定车辆各零部件疲劳寿命的关键因素,也是行车安全性与可靠性的重要指标。根据国标GB1589-2004的规定安装空气悬架的车辆允许更高的法定载荷,随着对车辆的载荷需求越来越高,同时空气悬架能够实现车辆的舒适性和操纵安全性的兼容,空气悬架在商用车辆上安装越来越普遍。
在空气悬架中,电控空气悬架的主要组成部分可以包括:空气弹簧、位移传感器、电控单元(ECU)和电磁阀。其中,电控单元(ECU)通过采集位移传感器信号,得到各个空气弹簧现有高度,也就是车身的高度,当现有高度与目标高度出现偏差时,ECU控制电磁阀对空气弹簧进行充放气,进而控制各个空气弹簧高度,即控制车身高度。
在通常情况下,空气悬架本身是没有载荷的监测功能,车辆载荷是由压力传感器来进行监测。但车载压力传感器由于成本问题和法规未强制安装的情况,传统商用车很少安装压力传感器。这样,如果载荷过大或者分布不均、车身姿态发生变化,在车辆行驶过程中,容易导致侧翻危险发生。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于,针对上述缺陷,提供一种车辆防侧翻的控制方法、装置、存储介质及车辆,以解决在车辆未安装压力传感器的情况下,如果载荷过大、或者载荷分布不均、或者车身姿态发生变化,在车辆行驶过程中容易导致侧翻危险发生的问题,达到不易发生侧翻危险的效果。
本申请提供一种车辆防侧翻的控制方法,包括:获取所述车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据;根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值;根据所述载荷值进行超载预警和/或倾侧预警,以实现对所述车辆的防侧翻控制。
在其中一个实施例中,根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值,包括:确定所述车辆所属环境的大气压力p a和空气多变指数n、所述空气弹簧在初始状态下的设定高度h和内部压力p e0、以及所述空气弹簧自身的有效承压面积A e;根据所述大气压力p a、所述空气多变指数n、所述设定高度h、所述内部压力p e0和所述有 效承压面积A e,结合所述位移传感器数据x,利用以下公式计算得到所述空气弹簧的载荷值F:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000001
在其中一个实施例中,其中,所述空气弹簧,包括:膜式空气弹簧;所述膜式空气弹簧,包括:圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧;和/或,所述空气多变指数,能够根据所述电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据的变化率确定;和/或,所述内部压力,能够根据所述设定高度和所述车辆的车身自身重量确定。
在其中一个实施例中,所述载荷值,包括:所述电控空气悬架中每个所述空气弹簧的单个载荷和所述车辆整车的总载荷;其中,根据所述载荷值进行超载预警,包括:在所述车辆未行使的情况下,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载;若所述车辆超载,则根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警;或者,若所述车辆未超载、或在所述车辆超载的情况下经减载至未超载,则不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警。
在其中一个实施例中,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载,包括:确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一总载荷阈值;若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第一总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别;若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第一单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第一总载荷阈值,则进一步确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二总载荷阈值;所述第二单个载荷阈值小于所述第一单个载荷阈值,且所述第二总载荷阈值小于所述第一总载荷阈值;若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别;所述第二超载预警级别小于所述第一超载预警级别;或者,若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第二单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆未超载。
在其中一个实施例中,其中,根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警,包括:若所述超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的超载预警;或者,若所述超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;和/或,不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,包括:显示第三设定颜色的未超载或解除超载预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;和/或,所述第一单个载荷阈值、所述第二单个载荷阈值、所述第一总载荷阈值和所述第二总载荷阈值中的至少之一,能够根据所述空气弹簧的弹簧参数和所述车辆的整车车型确定。
在其中一个实施例中,根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警,包括:根据所述载荷值确定所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳;若所述车身姿态不平稳,则根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警;或者,若所述车身姿态平稳、或在所述车身姿态不平稳的情况下经车身姿态调整至车身姿态平稳,则不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警。
在其中一个实施例中,其中,根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率,包括:将所述载荷值分组成为所述车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值;根据所述左载荷值和所述右载荷值,确定所述车辆的左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差和所述左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷值和;将所 述垂直载荷之差除以所述垂直载荷之和,得到所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;和/或,根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳,包括:确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于设定转移率范围的上限;若所述横向载荷转移率大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则进一步确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限;若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则在根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的情况下,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳;或者,若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则确定所述车身姿态平稳。
在其中一个实施例中,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳,包括:若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为第一超载预警级别或第二超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;或者,若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,或者若不考虑对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别;所述第二倾侧预警级别小于所述第一倾侧预警级别。
在其中一个实施例中,其中,根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,包括:若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;或者,若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;和/或,不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警,包括:显示第三设定颜色的未倾侧或解除倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
与上述方法相匹配,本申请另一方面提供一种车辆防侧翻的控制装置,包括:获取单元,用于获取所述车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据;控制单元,用于根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值;所述控制单元,还用于根据所述载荷值进行超载预警和/或倾侧预警,以实现对所述车辆的防侧翻控制。
在其中一个实施例中,所述控制单元根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值,包括:确定所述车辆所属环境的大气压力p a和空气多变指数n、所述空气弹簧在初始状态下的设定高度h和内部压力p e0、以及所述空气弹簧自身的有效承压面积A e;根据所述大气压力p a、所述空气多变指数n、所述设定高度h、所述内部压力p e0和所述有效承压面积A e,结合所述位移传感器数据x,利用以下公式计算得到所述空气弹簧的载荷值F:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000002
在其中一个实施例中,其中,所述空气弹簧,包括:膜式空气弹簧;所述膜式空气弹簧,包括:圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧;和/或,所述空气多变指数,能够根据所述电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据的变化率确定;和/或,所述内部压力,能够根据所述设定高度和所述车辆的车身自身重量确定。
在其中一个实施例中,所述载荷值,包括:所述电控空气悬架中每个所述空气弹簧的 单个载荷和所述车辆整车的总载荷;其中,所述控制单元根据所述载荷值进行超载预警,包括:在所述车辆未行使的情况下,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载;若所述车辆超载,则根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警;或者,若所述车辆未超载、或在所述车辆超载的情况下经减载至未超载,则不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警。
在其中一个实施例中,所述控制单元根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载,包括:确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一总载荷阈值;若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第一总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别;若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第一单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第一总载荷阈值,则进一步确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二总载荷阈值;所述第二单个载荷阈值小于所述第一单个载荷阈值,且所述第二总载荷阈值小于所述第一总载荷阈值;若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别;所述第二超载预警级别小于所述第一超载预警级别;或者,若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第二单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆未超载。
在其中一个实施例中,其中,所述控制单元根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警,包括:若所述超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的超载预警;或者,若所述超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;和/或,所述控制单元不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,包括:显示第三设定颜色的未超载或解除超载预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;和/或,所述第一单个载荷阈值、所述第二单个载荷阈值、所述第一总载荷阈值和所述第二总载荷阈值中的至少之一,能够根据所述空气弹簧的弹簧参数和所述车辆的整车车型确定。
在其中一个实施例中,所述控制单元根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警,包括:根据所述载荷值确定所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳;若所述车身姿态不平稳,则根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警;或者,若所述车身姿态平稳、或在所述车身姿态不平稳的情况下经车身姿态调整至车身姿态平稳,则不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警。
在其中一个实施例中,其中,所述控制单元根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率,包括:将所述载荷值分组成为所述车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值;根据所述左载荷值和所述右载荷值,确定所述车辆的左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差和所述左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷值和;将所述垂直载荷之差除以所述垂直载荷之和,得到所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;和/或,所述控制单元根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳,包括:确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于设定转移率范围的上限;若所述横向载荷转移率大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则进一步确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限;若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则在根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的情况下,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳;或者,若所述横向载 荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则确定所述车身姿态平稳。
在其中一个实施例中,所述控制单元结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳,包括:若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为第一超载预警级别或第二超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;或者,若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,或者若不考虑对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别;所述第二倾侧预警级别小于所述第一倾侧预警级别。
在其中一个实施例中,其中,所述控制单元根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,包括:若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;或者,若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;和/或,所述控制单元不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警,包括:显示第三设定颜色的未倾侧或解除倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
与上述装置相匹配,本申请再一方面提供一种车辆,包括:以上所述的车辆防侧翻的控制装置。
与上述方法相匹配,本申请再一方面提供一种存储介质,包括:所述存储介质中存储有多条指令;所述多条指令,用于由处理器加载并执行以上所述的车辆防侧翻的控制方法。
与上述方法相匹配,本申请再一方面提供一种车辆,包括:处理器,用于执行多条指令;存储器,用于存储多条指令;其中,所述多条指令,用于由所述存储器存储,并由所述处理器加载并执行以上所述的车辆防侧翻的控制方法。
本申请的方案,通过在商用车无安装压力传感器的情况下,通过采集商用车的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据,对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行载荷预警,防止车辆在超载的情况下发生侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
进一步,本申请的方案,通过对车辆载荷做出评估后,对车身姿态做出评估,在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆在车身姿态不平稳的情况下发生侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
进一步,本申请的方案,通过在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,可对车辆载荷做出评估,并对车身姿态做出评估,提前预警,防止侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
进一步,本申请的方案,通过针对空气弹簧本身,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,直接利用电控空气悬架位移传感器数据得到载荷及计算车辆侧倾情况,可以防止侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
进一步,本申请的方案,通过在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,基于电控空气悬架位移传感器的车辆载荷评估算法,并使用该算法对车辆超载及侧倾做出预警,一方面能够对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;另一方面能在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
由此,本申请的方案,通过采集车辆(如商用车)的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据,对车辆载荷做出评估,并对车身姿态做出评估,实现提前预警,解决先前技术中在车辆未安装压力传感器的情况下,如果载荷过大、或者载荷分布不均、或者车身姿态发生变化,在车辆行驶过程中容易导致侧翻危险发生的问题,从而,克服先前技术中易发生侧翻、可靠性低和安全性差的缺陷,实现不易发生侧翻、可靠性高和安全性好的有益效果。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本申请而了解。
下面通过附图和实施例,对本申请的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
图1为本申请的车辆防侧翻的控制方法的一实施例的流程示意图;
图2为本申请的方法中根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值的一实施例的流程示意图;
图3为本申请的方法中根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的一实施例的流程示意图;
图4为本申请的方法中根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载的一实施例的流程示意图;
图5为本申请的方法中根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警的一实施例的流程示意图;
图6为本申请的方法中根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率的一实施例的流程示意图;
图7为本申请的方法中根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳的一实施例的流程示意图;
图8为本申请的车辆防侧翻的控制装置的一实施例的结构示意图;
图9为本申请的车辆中基于悬架位移传感器的车辆载荷评估算法的原理示意图;
图10为本申请的车辆中载荷预警及侧倾预警流程示意图。
结合附图,本申请实施例中附图标记如下:
102-获取单元;104-控制单元。
具体实施方式
以为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请具体实施例及相应的附图对本申请技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
根据本申请的实施例,提供了一种车辆防侧翻的控制方法,如图1所示本申请的方法的一实施例的流程示意图。该车辆防侧翻的控制方法可以包括:步骤S110至步骤S130。
在步骤S110处,获取所述车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据。
在步骤S120处,根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值。
其中,所述空气弹簧,可以包括:膜式空气弹簧。所述膜式空气弹簧,可以包括:圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧。
例如:商用车空气悬架使用的空气弹簧为,膜式空气弹簧,其特征表现为,在正常工作范围内,弹簧刚度变化小,有效面积的变化率小,具有很低的自振频率,且不随载荷的变化而改变。
由此,通过选用膜式空气弹簧,进一步选用圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧作为膜式空气弹簧,有利于提升基于空气弹簧的载荷值进行提前预警处理的精准性和可靠性,从而可以可靠而安全地实现对车辆的防侧翻控制。
可选地,可以结合图2所示本申请的方法中根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值的一实施例流程示意图,进一步说明步骤S120中根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值的具体过程,可以包括:步骤S210和步骤S220。
步骤S210,确定所述车辆所属环境的大气压力p a和空气多变指数n、所述空气弹簧 在初始状态下的设定高度h和内部压力p e0、以及所述空气弹簧自身的有效承压面积A e
其中,所述空气多变指数,能够根据所述电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据的变化率确定;和/或,所述内部压力,能够根据所述设定高度和所述车辆的车身自身重量确定。
由此,通过基于车辆参数和空气弹簧参数确定空气多变指数及空气弹簧的内部压力,使得对空气多变指数和空气弹簧的内部压力确定的精准性好、可靠性高,有利于提升对空气弹簧的载荷值确定的精准性和可靠性。
步骤S220,根据所述大气压力p a、所述空气多变指数n、所述设定高度h、所述内部压力p e0和所述有效承压面积A e,结合所述位移传感器数据x,利用以下公式计算得到所述空气弹簧的载荷值F:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000003
例如:载荷数值为:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000004
其中,p a—大气压力;h—初始状态空气弹簧的设计高度;x—位移传感器测量高度;n—气体多变指数,此处指空气多变指数,该值根据位移传感器测量的高度变化率dx/dt的大小,选取1.3~1.38;p e0—空气弹簧内部初始状态表压力(也称为相对气体压力或有效压力),根据所设计空气弹簧的高度及车身自身重量,可以得到该值大小;A e—空气弹簧的有效承压面积,由具体的空气弹簧决定,可固化在ECU中。也就是说,经过该算法的近似与运算后,载荷的数值的变化仅与位移x相关;可通过电控空气悬架位移传感器测量,并可由此得到各车轴上载荷情况。
例如:根据空气弹簧的选择,ECU获取相应的空气弹簧有效承压面积A e、单个空气弹簧相应的阈值;根据选择的具体车辆车型(如车型参数),ECU获取相应的车辆自身(即车辆空载情况下)重量及相应预警阈值;再根据所设计高度,可以获取空气弹簧内部初始状态相对压力;实时采集每个空气弹簧上的位移传感器数据,ECU计算出对应的空气多变指数。这样,经计算可得各个空气弹簧上的受力情况,即各个空气弹簧的载荷情况;从而得到整车的簧载质量。
由此,通过基于车辆参数和空气弹簧参数,结合位移传感器数据利用设定公式计算得到空气弹簧的载荷值,计算方式简便,且可靠性高、精准性好。
在步骤S130处,根据所述载荷值进行超载预警和/或倾侧预警,以实现对所述车辆的防侧翻控制。
例如:在商用车无安装压力传感器的情况下,通过采集商用车的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,可对车辆载荷做出评估,并对车身姿态做出评估,提前预警,防止侧翻危险;以在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,至少可以达到的有益效果可以包括:对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
例如:利用载荷转移的定义式,即直接求取载荷之差;具体实施为:针对空气弹簧本身,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,直接利用电控空气悬架位移传感器数据得到载荷及 计算车辆侧倾情况。
由此,通过根据车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据确定电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值,进而根据该载荷值进行超载预警、倾侧预警等提前预警处理,可以实现对车辆的防侧翻控制,有效防止车辆侧翻,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
其中,所述载荷值,可以包括:所述电控空气悬架中每个所述空气弹簧的单个载荷和所述车辆整车的总载荷。
可选地,可以结合图3所示本申请的方法中根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的一实施例流程示意图,进一步说明步骤S130中根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的具体过程,可以包括:步骤S310至步骤S330。
步骤S310,在所述车辆未行使的情况下,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载。例如:根据所述单个载荷在设定的单个载荷范围中的第一位置、和/或所述总载荷在设定的总载荷范围中的第二位置,确定所述车辆是否超载。
更可选地,可以结合图4所示本申请的方法中根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载的一实施例流程示意图,进一步说明步骤S310中根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载的具体过程,可以包括:步骤S410至步骤S450。
步骤S410,确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一总载荷阈值。
其中,所述第一单个载荷阈值、所述第二单个载荷阈值、所述第一总载荷阈值和所述第二总载荷阈值中的至少之一,能够根据所述空气弹簧的弹簧参数和所述车辆的整车车型确定。
例如:根据使用的空气弹簧与整车车型,设定单个空气弹簧的承载阈值,设定整车承载阈值。
由此,通过空气弹簧的弹簧参数和车辆的车辆参数确定相应的载荷阈值,有利于提升对车辆是否超载判断的精准性和可靠性,进而提升超载预警处理的精准性和可靠性。
步骤S420,若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第一总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别。
步骤S430,若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第一单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第一总载荷阈值,则进一步确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二总载荷阈值。所述第二单个载荷阈值小于所述第一单个载荷阈值,且所述第二总载荷阈值小于所述第一总载荷阈值。
步骤S440,若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别。所述第二超载预警级别小于所述第一超载预警级别。
或者,步骤S450若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第二单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆未超载。
由此,通过结合空气弹簧的载荷值中每个空气弹簧的单个载荷和/或车辆整车的总载荷确定车辆是否超载以及在车辆超载情况下的超载预警级别,从而根据超载预警级别进行超载预警,使得超载预警的精准性和可靠性可以得到保证,从而有利于提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
步骤S320,若所述车辆超载,则根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警。
更可选地,步骤S320中根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警,可以包括:若所述超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的超载预 警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的超载预警;或者,若所述超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的超载预警。
例如:在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测满足以下条件时,发出预警:
当任意一个空气弹簧的载荷满足F≥F set1,或者,总载荷F T≥F max1
时发出超载紧急预警danger load,仪表盘显示设定的第一颜色(如红色)预警及声音警报。
若不满足上述条件即F<F set1且F T<F max1,当任意一个空气弹簧的载荷超过F≥F set2,或者,总载荷F T≥F max2时,发出超载初级预警warn load,仪表盘显示设定的第二颜色(如黄色)预警及声音警报;其中F set1>F set2,F max1>F max2
由此,通过在车辆超载情况下按不同的超载预警级别进行相应超载预警级别的超载预警,使得对不同超载情况的超载预警清楚、直观,便于用户查看或收听,从而及时给予相应超载情况下的妥当处理。
或者,步骤S330,若所述车辆未超载、或在所述车辆超载的情况下经减载至未超载,则不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警。
例如:在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测、计算单个空气弹簧的载荷F,计算总载荷F  T=∑F i,i为安装的空气弹簧个数,i≥2;将单个空气弹簧的载荷、总载荷分别与设定阈值相比较,得出多个级别的载荷预警,并发出该预警。
由此,通过在车辆未行使的情况下根据载荷值中的单个载荷和/或总载荷确定车辆是否超载,从而在车辆超载时进行超载预警,在车辆未超载时进行相应指示,可以提升对车辆超载预警的可靠性和精准性,进而提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
更可选地,步骤S330中不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,可以包括:显示第三设定颜色的未超载或解除超载预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的超载预警。
例如:在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测满足以下条件时,发出预警:
当所有的空气弹簧的载荷均满足F<F set且总载荷F T<F max时,解除预警状态,safe load仪表盘显示设定的第三颜色(如绿色),解除声音警报。
由此,通过在车辆未超载情况下或解除超载预警情况下进行相应的显示,便于用户查看,人性化好。
可选地,可以结合图5所示本申请的方法中根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警的一实施例流程示意图,进一步说明步骤S130中根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警的具体过程,可以包括:步骤S510至步骤S540。
步骤S510,根据所述载荷值确定所述车辆的横向载荷转移率。
更可选地,可以结合图6所示本申请的方法中根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率的一实施例流程示意图,进一步说明步骤S510中根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率的具体过程,可以包括:步骤S610至步骤S630。
步骤S610,将所述载荷值分组成为所述车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值。
步骤S620,根据所述左载荷值和所述右载荷值,确定所述车辆的左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差和所述左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷值和。
步骤S630,将所述垂直载荷之差除以所述垂直载荷之和,得到所述车辆的横向载荷转移率。
例如:直接求取载荷之差,可以使用横向载荷转移率LTR,即车辆左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差F L-F R除以垂直载荷之和F L+F R,得到LTR=(F L-F R)/(F L+F R),作为侧翻阈值。
例如:使用横向载荷转移率LTR作为侧翻阈值。F L=∑F Li;F R=∑F Ri;i为安装的空气弹簧个数,i≥2;F Li、F Ri为左右两侧各个空气弹簧的负荷情况;通过对载荷评估后,可获得车辆左右侧的载荷F L、F R;并计算得到LTR,根据LTR与设定的阈值相比,得出多个 级别的侧倾预警,并发出该预警。其中,LTR为横向载荷转移率;F L为车辆的左轴载荷;F R为车辆的右轴载荷。
由此,通过将载荷值分组成为车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值,进而基于该分组后的左载荷值和右载荷值进行计算得到车辆的横向载荷转移率,计算过程简便,且计算结果可靠、精准。
步骤S520,根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳。
更可选地,可以结合图7所示本申请的方法中根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳的一实施例流程示意图,进一步说明步骤S520中根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳的具体过程,可以包括:步骤S710至步骤S750。
步骤S710,确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于设定转移率范围的上限。
步骤S720,若所述横向载荷转移率大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别。
例如:可以参见图10所示流程图,对载荷预警进行示例性说明:
当满足|LTR|≥LIMIT 1时,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警danger tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第一颜色(如红色)预警及声音警报。
步骤S730,若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则进一步确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限。
步骤S740,若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则在根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的情况下,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳。
更进一步可选地,步骤S740中结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳,可以包括以下任一种情形:
第一种情形:若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为第一超载预警级别或第二超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别。
第二种情形:若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,或者若不考虑对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别。所述第二倾侧预警级别小于所述第一倾侧预警级别。
例如:可以参见图10所示流程图,对载荷预警进行示例性说明:
当满足LIMIT 1>|LTR|≥LIMIT 2时,结合载荷预警,可分以下两种情况:
(a)当载荷预警达到danger load或者warn load,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警danger tilt,仪表盘显示红色预警及声音警报。
(b)当载荷预警为safe load时,ECU发出侧倾初级预警warn tilt,仪表盘显示黄色预警及声音警报。特殊的,也可在不考虑载荷预警下,ECU直接发出侧倾初级预警warn tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第二颜色(如黄色)预警及声音警报。
由此,通过在所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限的情况下,结合车辆的超载预警级别进一步确定车辆的倾侧预警级别,有利于提升对倾侧预警级别确定的精准性和可靠性。
或者,步骤S750,若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则确定所述车身姿态平稳。
由此,通过根据车辆的横向载荷转移率确定车辆的车身姿态是否稳定以及在车身姿态不稳定情况下的倾侧预警级别,从而根据倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,使得倾侧预警的精准性和可靠性可以得到保证,从而有利于提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
步骤S530,若所述车身姿态不平稳,则根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警 级别进行倾侧预警。
更可选地,步骤S530中根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,可以包括:若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;或者,若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
例如:可以通过仪表盘显示区分,例如:使用设的第三颜色(如绿色)—安全、设定的第二颜色(如黄色)—初级预警、设定的第一颜色(如红色)—紧急预警、以及声音警报等)。这样,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,一方面能够对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;另一方面能在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
由此,通过在车辆的车身姿态不稳定情况下按不同的倾侧预警级别进行相应倾侧预警级别的倾侧预警,使得对不同倾侧情况的倾侧预警清楚、直观,便于用户查看或收听,从而及时给予相应倾侧情况下的妥当处理。
或者,步骤S540若所述车身姿态平稳、或在所述车身姿态不平稳的情况下经车身姿态调整至车身姿态平稳,则不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警。
例如:将得到的各个载荷,分组成为车辆左右两侧的载荷F L、F R,使用横向载荷转移率LTR计算,判断根据LTR与设定的阈值相比后,可选择性地增加载荷预警作为附加判断条件后,得到多个级别的侧倾预警,并发给仪表盘显示。
由此,通过根据空气弹簧的载荷值确定车辆的横向载荷转移率,进而根据该横向车辆载荷率确定车辆的车身姿态是否平稳,以在车身姿态不平稳时进行相应的倾侧预警,可以提醒用户及时调整车身姿态从而提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性;或在车身姿态平稳或解除倾侧预警的情况下不进行倾侧预警,便于用户随时得知车身姿态的状态,人性化好。
更可选地,步骤S540中不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警,可以包括:显示第三设定颜色的未倾侧或解除倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
例如:当满足|LTR|<LIMIT 2时,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警safe tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第三颜色(如绿色)及解除声音警报。通过仪表可直观地给驾驶员以提示,方便其规范载荷和自身的驾驶行为,避免侧翻事故发生。
由此,通过在车辆的车身姿态稳定情况下或解除倾侧预警情况下进行相应的显示,便于用户查看,人性化好。
经大量的试验验证,采用本实施例的技术方案,通过在商用车无安装压力传感器的情况下,通过采集商用车的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据,对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行载荷预警,防止车辆在超载的情况下发生侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
根据本申请的实施例,还提供了对应于车辆防侧翻的控制方法的一种车辆防侧翻的控制装置。参见图8所示本申请的装置的一实施例的结构示意图。该车辆防侧翻的控制装置可以包括:获取单元102和控制单元104。
在一个可选例子中,获取单元102,可以用于获取所述车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据。该获取单元102的具体功能及处理参见步骤S110。
在一个可选例子中,控制单元104,可以用于根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理参见步骤S120。
其中,所述空气弹簧,可以包括:膜式空气弹簧。所述膜式空气弹簧,可以包括:圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧。
例如:商用车空气悬架使用的空气弹簧为,膜式空气弹簧,其特征表现为,在正常工作范围内,弹簧刚度变化小,有效面积的变化率小,具有很低的自振频率,且不随载荷的 变化而改变。
由此,通过选用膜式空气弹簧,进一步选用圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧作为膜式空气弹簧,有利于提升基于空气弹簧的载荷值进行提前预警处理的精准性和可靠性,从而可以可靠而安全地实现对车辆的防侧翻控制。
可选地,所述控制单元104根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值,可以包括:
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于确定所述车辆所属环境的大气压力p a和空气多变指数n、所述空气弹簧在初始状态下的设定高度h和内部压力p e0、以及所述空气弹簧自身的有效承压面积A e。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S210。
其中,所述空气多变指数,能够根据所述电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据的变化率确定;和/或,所述内部压力,能够根据所述设定高度和所述车辆的车身自身重量确定。
由此,通过基于车辆参数和空气弹簧参数确定空气多变指数及空气弹簧的内部压力,使得对空气多变指数和空气弹簧的内部压力确定的精准性好、可靠性高,有利于提升对空气弹簧的载荷值确定的精准性和可靠性。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于根据所述大气压力p a、所述空气多变指数n、所述设定高度h、所述内部压力p e0和所述有效承压面积A e,结合所述位移传感器数据x,利用以下公式计算得到所述空气弹簧的载荷值F:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000005
该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S220。
例如:载荷数值为:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000006
其中,p a—大气压力;h—初始状态空气弹簧的设计高度;x—位移传感器测量高度;n—气体多变指数,此处指空气多变指数,该值根据位移传感器测量的高度变化率dx/dt的大小,选取1.3~1.38;p e0—空气弹簧内部初始状态表压力(也称为相对气体压力或有效压力),根据所设计空气弹簧的高度及车身自身重量,可以得到该值大小;A e—空气弹簧的有效承压面积,由具体的空气弹簧决定,可固化在ECU中。也就是说,经过该算法的近似与运算后,载荷的数值的变化仅与位移x相关;可通过电控空气悬架位移传感器测量,并可由此得到各车轴上载荷情况。
例如:根据空气弹簧的选择,ECU获取相应的空气弹簧有效承压面积A e、单个空气弹簧相应的阈值;根据选择的具体车辆车型(如车型参数),ECU获取相应的车辆自身(即车辆空载情况下)重量及相应预警阈值;再根据所设计高度,可以获取空气弹簧内部初始状态相对压力;实时采集每个空气弹簧上的位移传感器数据,ECU计算出对应的空气多变指数。这样,经计算可得各个空气弹簧上的受力情况,即各个空气弹簧的载荷情况;从而得到整车的簧载质量。
由此,通过基于车辆参数和空气弹簧参数,结合位移传感器数据利用设定公式计算得到空气弹簧的载荷值,计算方式简便,且可靠性高、精准性好。
在一个可选例子中,所述控制单元104,还可以用于根据所述载荷值进行超载预警和/或倾侧预警,以实现对所述车辆的防侧翻控制。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S130。
例如:在商用车无安装压力传感器的情况下,通过采集商用车的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,可对车辆载荷做出评估,并对车身姿态做出评估,提前预警,防止侧翻危险;以在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,至少可以达到的有益效果可以包括:对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
例如:利用载荷转移的定义式,即直接求取载荷之差;具体实施为:针对空气弹簧本身,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,直接利用电控空气悬架位移传感器数据得到载荷及计算车辆侧倾情况。
由此,通过根据车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据确定电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值,进而根据该载荷值进行超载预警、倾侧预警等提前预警处理,可以实现对车辆的防侧翻控制,有效防止车辆侧翻,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
其中,所述载荷值,可以包括:所述电控空气悬架中每个所述空气弹簧的单个载荷和所述车辆整车的总载荷。
可选地,所述控制单元104根据所述载荷值进行超载预警,可以包括:
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于在所述车辆未行使的情况下,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载。例如:根据所述单个载荷在设定的单个载荷范围中的第一位置、和/或所述总载荷在设定的总载荷范围中的第二位置,确定所述车辆是否超载。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S310。
更可选地,15.根据权利要求14所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制单元104根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载,可以包括:
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一总载荷阈值。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S410。
其中,所述第一单个载荷阈值、所述第二单个载荷阈值、所述第一总载荷阈值和所述第二总载荷阈值中的至少之一,能够根据所述空气弹簧的弹簧参数和所述车辆的整车车型确定。
例如:根据使用的空气弹簧与整车车型,设定单个空气弹簧的承载阈值,设定整车承载阈值。
由此,通过空气弹簧的弹簧参数和车辆的车辆参数确定相应的载荷阈值,有利于提升对车辆是否超载判断的精准性和可靠性,进而提升超载预警处理的精准性和可靠性。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第一总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S420。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第一单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第一总载荷阈值,则进一步确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二总载荷阈值。所述第二单个载荷阈值小于所述第一单个载荷阈值,且所述第二总载荷阈值小于所述第一总载荷阈值。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S430。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载, 并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别。所述第二超载预警级别小于所述第一超载预警级别。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S440。
或者,所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第二单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆未超载。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S450。
由此,通过结合空气弹簧的载荷值中每个空气弹簧的单个载荷和/或车辆整车的总载荷确定车辆是否超载以及在车辆超载情况下的超载预警级别,从而根据超载预警级别进行超载预警,使得超载预警的精准性和可靠性可以得到保证,从而有利于提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述车辆超载,则根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S320。
更可选地,所述控制单元104根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警,可以包括:所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的超载预警;或者,所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的超载预警。
例如:在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测满足以下条件时,发出预警:
当任意一个空气弹簧的载荷满足F≥F set1,或者,总载荷F T≥F max1
时发出超载紧急预警danger load,仪表盘显示设定的第一颜色(如红色)预警及声音警报。
若不满足上述条件即F<F set1且F T<F max1,当任意一个空气弹簧的载荷超过F≥F set2,或者,总载荷F T≥F max2时,发出超载初级预警warn load,仪表盘显示设定的第二颜色(如黄色)预警及声音警报;其中F set1>F set2,F max1>F max2
由此,通过在车辆超载情况下按不同的超载预警级别进行相应超载预警级别的超载预警,使得对不同超载情况的超载预警清楚、直观,便于用户查看或收听,从而及时给予相应超载情况下的妥当处理。
或者,所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述车辆未超载、或在所述车辆超载的情况下经减载至未超载,则不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S330。
例如:在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测、计算单个空气弹簧的载荷F,计算总载荷F T=∑F i,i为安装的空气弹簧个数,i≥2;将单个空气弹簧的载荷、总载荷分别与设定阈值相比较,得出多个级别的载荷预警,并发出该预警。
由此,通过在车辆未行使的情况下根据载荷值中的单个载荷和/或总载荷确定车辆是否超载,从而在车辆超载时进行超载预警,在车辆未超载时进行相应指示,可以提升对车辆超载预警的可靠性和精准性,进而提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
更可选地,所述控制单元104不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,可以包括:所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于显示第三设定颜色的未超载或解除超载预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的超载预警。
例如:在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测满足以下条件时,发出预警:
当所有的空气弹簧的载荷均满足F<F set且总载荷F T<F max时,解除预警状态,safe load仪表盘显示设定的第三颜色(如绿色),解除声音警报。
由此,通过在车辆未超载情况下或解除超载预警情况下进行相应的显示,便于用户查看,人性化好。
可选地,所述控制单元104根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警,可以包括:
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于根据所述载荷值确定所述车辆的横向载荷转移率。 该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S510。
更可选地,所述控制单元104根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率,可以包括:
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于将所述载荷值分组成为所述车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S610。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于根据所述左载荷值和所述右载荷值,确定所述车辆的左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差和所述左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷值和。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S620。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于将所述垂直载荷之差除以所述垂直载荷之和,得到所述车辆的横向载荷转移率。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S630。
例如:直接求取载荷之差,可以使用横向载荷转移率LTR,即车辆左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差F L-F R除以垂直载荷之和F L+F R,得到LTR=(F L-F R)/(F L+F R),作为侧翻阈值。
例如:使用横向载荷转移率LTR作为侧翻阈值。F L=∑F Li;F R=∑F Ri;i为安装的空气弹簧个数,i≥2;F Li、F Ri为左右两侧各个空气弹簧的负荷情况;通过对载荷评估后,可获得车辆左右侧的载荷F L、F R;并计算得到LTR,根据LTR与设定的阈值相比,得出多个级别的侧倾预警,并发出该预警。其中,LTR为横向载荷转移率;F L为车辆的左轴载荷;F R为车辆的右轴载荷。
由此,通过将载荷值分组成为车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值,进而基于该分组后的左载荷值和右载荷值进行计算得到车辆的横向载荷转移率,计算过程简便,且计算结果可靠、精准。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S520。
更可选地,所述控制单元104根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳,可以包括:
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于设定转移率范围的上限。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S710。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述横向载荷转移率大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S720。
例如:可以参见图10所示流程图,对载荷预警进行示例性说明:
当满足|LTR|≥LIMIT 1时,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警danger tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第一颜色(如红色)预警及声音警报。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则进一步确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S730。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则在根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的情况下,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S740。
更进一步可选地,所述控制单元104结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳,可以包括以下任一种情形:
第一种情形:所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为第一超载预警级别或第二超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别。
第二种情形:所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,或者若不考虑对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向 载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别。所述第二倾侧预警级别小于所述第一倾侧预警级别。
例如:可以参见图10所示流程图,对载荷预警进行示例性说明:
当满足LIMIT 1>|LTR|≥LIMIT 2时,结合载荷预警,可分以下两种情况:
(a)当载荷预警达到danger load或者warn load,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警danger tilt,仪表盘显示红色预警及声音警报。
(b)当载荷预警为safe load时,ECU发出侧倾初级预警warn tilt,仪表盘显示黄色预警及声音警报。特殊的,也可在不考虑载荷预警下,ECU直接发出侧倾初级预警warn tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第二颜色(如黄色)预警及声音警报。
由此,通过在所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限的情况下,结合车辆的超载预警级别进一步确定车辆的倾侧预警级别,有利于提升对倾侧预警级别确定的精准性和可靠性。
或者,所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则确定所述车身姿态平稳。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S750。
由此,通过根据车辆的横向载荷转移率确定车辆的车身姿态是否稳定以及在车身姿态不稳定情况下的倾侧预警级别,从而根据倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,使得倾侧预警的精准性和可靠性可以得到保证,从而有利于提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述车身姿态不平稳,则根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S530。
更可选地,所述控制单元104根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,可以包括:所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;或者,所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
例如:可以通过仪表盘显示区分,例如:使用设的第三颜色(如绿色)—安全、设定的第二颜色(如黄色)—初级预警、设定的第一颜色(如红色)—紧急预警、以及声音警报等)。这样,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,一方面能够对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;另一方面能在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
由此,通过在车辆的车身姿态不稳定情况下按不同的倾侧预警级别进行相应倾侧预警级别的倾侧预警,使得对不同倾侧情况的倾侧预警清楚、直观,便于用户查看或收听,从而及时给予相应倾侧情况下的妥当处理。
或者,所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于若所述车身姿态平稳、或在所述车身姿态不平稳的情况下经车身姿态调整至车身姿态平稳,则不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警。该控制单元104的具体功能及处理还参见步骤S540。
例如:将得到的各个载荷,分组成为车辆左右两侧的载荷F L、F R,使用横向载荷转移率LTR计算,判断根据LTR与设定的阈值相比后,可选择性地增加载荷预警作为附加判断条件后,得到多个级别的侧倾预警,并发给仪表盘显示。
由此,通过根据空气弹簧的载荷值确定车辆的横向载荷转移率,进而根据该横向车辆载荷率确定车辆的车身姿态是否平稳,以在车身姿态不平稳时进行相应的倾侧预警,可以提醒用户及时调整车身姿态从而提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性;或在车身姿态平稳或解除倾侧预警的情况下不进行倾侧预警,便于用户随时得知车身姿态的状态,人性化好。
更可选地,所述控制单元104不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下 的倾侧预警,可以包括:所述控制单元104,具体还可以用于显示第三设定颜色的未倾侧或解除倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
例如:当满足|LTR|<LIMIT 2时,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警safe tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第三颜色(如绿色)及解除声音警报。通过仪表可直观地给驾驶员以提示,方便其规范载荷和自身的驾驶行为,避免侧翻事故发生。
由此,通过在车辆的车身姿态稳定情况下或解除倾侧预警情况下进行相应的显示,便于用户查看,人性化好。
由于本实施例的装置所实现的处理及功能基本相应于前述图1至图7所示的方法的实施例、原理和实例,故本实施例的描述中未详尽之处,可以参见前述实施例中的相关说明,在此不做赘述。
经大量的试验验证,采用本申请的技术方案,通过对车辆载荷做出评估后,对车身姿态做出评估,在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆在车身姿态不平稳的情况下发生侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
根据本申请的实施例,还提供了对应于车辆防侧翻的控制装置的一种车辆。该车辆可以包括:以上所述的车辆防侧翻的控制装置。
在一个可选实施方式中,在商用车无安装压力传感器的情况下,本申请的方案,涉及车辆领域,也涉及可能应用的其他领域,具体是:通过采集商用车的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,可对车辆载荷做出评估,并对车身姿态做出评估,提前预警,防止侧翻危险。从而,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,至少可以达到的有益效果可以包括:对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
具体地,在一些车辆载荷评估方案中,可以采用基于模型来计算车辆载荷评估算法,其涉及车辆侧倾角、侧倾角速率、悬架刚度、阻尼系数及车轴轮距等变量和参数。而本申请的方案,是利用载荷转移的定义式,即直接求取载荷之差;具体实施为:针对空气弹簧本身,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,直接利用电控空气悬架位移传感器数据得到载荷及计算车辆侧倾情况。
其中,直接求取载荷之差,可以使用横向载荷转移率LTR,即车辆左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差F L-F R除以垂直载荷之和F L+F R,得到LTR=(F L-F R)/(F L+F R),作为侧翻阈值。
在一个可选例子中,本申请的方案,提出一种基于电控空气悬架位移传感器的车辆载荷评估算法,并使用该算法对车辆超载及侧倾做出预警。具体地,可以通过仪表盘显示区分,例如:使用设的第三颜色(如绿色)—安全、设定的第二颜色(如黄色)—初级预警、设定的第一颜色(如红色)—紧急预警、以及声音警报等)。这样,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,一方面能够对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;另一方面能在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
通常情况下,商用车空气悬架使用的空气弹簧为,膜式空气弹簧,其特征表现为,在正常工作范围内,弹簧刚度变化小,有效面积的变化率小,具有很低的自振频率,且不随载荷的变化而改变。具体的计算算法可以包括:
1、气压状态方程式:
根据理想状态气体方程,空气弹簧内部气体状态可表示为:
pV n=const
该公式中:p—空气弹簧内部压强;V—空气弹簧有效容积;const—常量。
即有:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000007
公式①中:p e0、p e—分别是空气弹簧内部初始状态和最终状态表压强(也称为相对气体压强或有效压强);V 0、V—分别是初始状态和最终状态的空气弹簧有效容积;p a—大气压强;n—气体多变指数,此处特指空气多变指数,其在空气弹簧工作过程中,取值为1.3~1.38。
由公式①可得,最终表示压力为:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000008
2、空气弹簧标准高度:
根据国家标准GB/T13061-91,空气弹簧标准高度是一个设定高度h,以此高度为计算其变形量的起始点,压缩为正向,伸张为负向。其压缩或伸张量可由位移传感器测量得到,记为±x。
3、空气弹簧受力情况:
设空气弹簧的有效承压面积A e,即加于空气弹簧的承载力F和弹簧内部表压力p e相平衡时,空气弹簧受力F可以表示为:F=p eA e  ③。
将公式②代入公式③后,可得:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000009
4、载荷评估:
对于商用车使用的圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧,可近似得到:
V 0=A eh;
V=A e(h+x);
此时载荷数值为:
Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-000010
公式⑤中:p a—大气压力;h—初始状态空气弹簧的设计高度;x—位移传感器测量高度;n—气体多变指数,此处指空气多变指数,该值根据位移传感器测量的高度变化率dx/dt的大小,选取1.3~1.38;p e0—空气弹簧内部初始状态表压力(也称为相对气体压力或有效压力),根据所设计空气弹簧的高度及车身自身重量,可以得到该值大小;A e—空气弹簧的有效承压面积,由具体的空气弹簧决定,可固化在ECU中。
例如:表压力p e是相对一个大气压力p a的压力值,绝对压力是大气压力p a+表压力p e;车辆空载时,车身自身重量F,分配到i个空气弹簧,则各个空气弹簧分配的重量F/i。根据前文所述,若设计空气弹簧高度为h,即此时位移量x=0,有效承压面积A;此时F/i=p e0A e;可以得到初始状态的表压力p e0
也就是说,经过该算法的近似与运算后,载荷的数值的变化仅与位移x相关;可通过 电控空气悬架位移传感器测量,并可由此得到各车轴上载荷情况。
5、载荷预警:
根据使用的空气弹簧与整车车型,设定单个空气弹簧的承载阈值,设定整车承载阈值。
例如:不同的车型使用的空气弹簧不同,如巴士与货车、核载量不同的巴士与货车等,其使用的空气弹簧不尽相同。因此,需要根据不同的车型及其使用的不同的空气弹簧,进行参数选择及阈值设定。
在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测、计算单个空气弹簧的载荷F,计算总载荷F T=∑F i,i为安装的空气弹簧个数,i≥2;将单个空气弹簧的载荷、总载荷分别与设定阈值相比较,得出多个级别的载荷预警,并发出该预警。
6、侧倾预警:
使用横向载荷转移率LTR作为侧翻阈值。其中,使用横向载荷转移率LTR=(F L-F R)/(F L+F R),即车辆左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差除以垂直载荷之和。
F L=∑F Li;F R=∑F Ri;i为安装的空气弹簧个数,i≥2;F Li、F Ri为左右两侧各个空气弹簧的负荷情况;通过对载荷评估后,可获得车辆左右侧的载荷F L、F R;并计算得到LTR,根据LTR与设定的阈值相比,得出多个级别的侧倾预警,并发出该预警。其中,LTR为横向载荷转移率;F L为车辆的左轴载荷;F R为车辆的右轴载荷。
在一个可选具体实施方式中,可以结合图9和图10所示的例子,对本申请的方案的具体实现过程进行示例性说明。
在图10中,∑F i:i对应空气弹簧个数,∑F i即各个空气弹簧载荷的总和;F set1、F set2为程序中设定的单个空气弹簧载荷阈值;F max1、F max2为程序中设定的所有空气弹簧总载荷阈值;LIMIT1、LIMIT2为程序中设定的横向载荷转移率阈值。
在一个可选具体例子中,如图9示意图所示,根据空气弹簧的选择,ECU获取相应的空气弹簧有效承压面积A e、单个空气弹簧相应的阈值;根据选择的具体车辆车型(如车型参数),ECU获取相应的车辆自身(即车辆空载情况下)重量及相应预警阈值;再根据所设计高度,可以获取空气弹簧内部初始状态相对压力;实时采集每个空气弹簧上的位移传感器数据,ECU计算出对应的空气多变指数。这样,经计算可得各个空气弹簧上的受力情况,即各个空气弹簧的载荷情况;从而得到整车的簧载质量。
在一个进一步可选具体例子中,可以将得到的簧载质量与设定的预警阈值比较,得出多个级别的载荷预警,并发给仪表盘显示;见图10所示流程图。
在车辆未行驶时,ECU检测满足以下条件时,发出预警:
(1)当任意一个空气弹簧的载荷满足F≥F set1,或者,总载荷F T≥F max1
时发出超载紧急预警danger load,仪表盘显示设定的第一颜色(如红色)预警及声音警报。
(2)若不满足上述条件(1)即F<F set1且F T<F max1,当任意一个空气弹簧的载荷超过F≥F set2,或者,总载荷F T≥F max2时,发出超载初级预警warn load,仪表盘显示设定的第二颜色(如黄色)预警及声音警报;其中F set1>F set2,F max1>F max2
(3)当所有的空气弹簧的载荷均满足F<F set且总载荷F T<F max时,解除预警状态,safe load仪表盘显示设定的第三颜色(如绿色),解除声音警报。
在一个进一步可选具体例子中,将得到的各个载荷,分组成为车辆左右两侧的载荷F L、F R,使用横向载荷转移率LTR计算,判断根据LTR与设定的阈值相比后,可选择性地增加载荷预警作为附加判断条件后,得到多个级别的侧倾预警,并发给仪表盘显示。
具体地,可以参见图10所示流程图,对载荷预警进行示例性说明:
(1)当满足|LTR|≥LIMIT 1时,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警danger tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第一颜色(如红色)预警及声音警报。
(2)当满足LIMIT 1>|LTR|≥LIMIT 2时,结合载荷预警,可分以下两种情况:
(a)当载荷预警达到danger load或者warn load,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警danger tilt,仪表盘显示红色预警及声音警报。
(b)当载荷预警为safe load时,ECU发出侧倾初级预警warn tilt,仪表盘显示黄色预警及声音警报。
特殊的,也可在不考虑载荷预警下,ECU直接发出侧倾初级预警warn tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第二颜色(如黄色)预警及声音警报。
(3)当满足|LTR|<LIMIT 2时,ECU发出侧倾紧急预警safe tilt,仪表盘显示设定的第三颜色(如绿色)及解除声音警报。
通过仪表可直观地给驾驶员以提示,方便其规范载荷和自身的驾驶行为,避免侧翻事故发生。
由于本实施例的车辆所实现的处理及功能基本相应于前述图8所示的装置的实施例、原理和实例,故本实施例的描述中未详尽之处,可以参见前述实施例中的相关说明,在此不做赘述。
经大量的试验验证,采用本申请的技术方案,通过在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,利用电控空气悬架自身位移传感器数据,通过算法计算,可对车辆载荷做出评估,并对车身姿态做出评估,提前预警,防止侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
根据本申请的实施例,还提供了对应于车辆防侧翻的控制方法的一种存储介质。该存储介质,可以包括:所述存储介质中存储有多条指令;所述多条指令,用于由处理器加载并执行以上所述的车辆防侧翻的控制方法。
由于本实施例的存储介质所实现的处理及功能基本相应于前述图1至图7所示的方法的实施例、原理和实例,故本实施例的描述中未详尽之处,可以参见前述实施例中的相关说明,在此不做赘述。
经大量的试验验证,采用本申请的技术方案,通过针对空气弹簧本身,在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,直接利用电控空气悬架位移传感器数据得到载荷及计算车辆侧倾情况,可以防止侧翻危险,提升车辆运行的可靠性和安全性。
根据本申请的实施例,还提供了对应于车辆防侧翻的控制方法的一种车辆。该车辆,可以包括:处理器,用于执行多条指令;存储器,用于存储多条指令;其中,所述多条指令,用于由所述存储器存储,并由所述处理器加载并执行以上所述的车辆防侧翻的控制方法。
由于本实施例的车辆所实现的处理及功能基本相应于前述图1至图7所示的方法的实施例、原理和实例,故本实施例的描述中未详尽之处,可以参见前述实施例中的相关说明,在此不做赘述。
经大量的试验验证,采用本申请的技术方案,通过在无需使用压力传感器的情况下,基于电控空气悬架位移传感器的车辆载荷评估算法,并使用该算法对车辆超载及侧倾做出预警,一方面能够对车辆载荷做出评估,对超载进行预警;另一方面能在检测到车身姿态不平稳时,发出预警,防止车辆发生侧翻危险。
综上,本领域技术人员容易理解的是,在不冲突的前提下,上述各有利方式可以自由地组合、叠加。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种车辆防侧翻的控制方法,其特征在于,包括:
    获取所述车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据;
    根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值;
    根据所述载荷值进行超载预警和/或倾侧预警,以实现对所述车辆的防侧翻控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值,包括:
    确定所述车辆所属环境的大气压力p a和空气多变指数n、所述空气弹簧在初始状态下的设定高度h和内部压力p e0、以及所述空气弹簧自身的有效承压面积A e
    根据所述大气压力p a、所述空气多变指数n、所述设定高度h、所述内部压力p e0和所述有效承压面积A e,结合所述位移传感器数据x,利用以下公式计算得到所述空气弹簧的载荷值F:
    Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-100001
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,其中,
    所述空气弹簧,包括:膜式空气弹簧;所述膜式空气弹簧,包括:圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧;
    和/或,
    所述空气多变指数,能够根据所述电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据的变化率确定;和/或,
    所述内部压力,能够根据所述设定高度和所述车辆的车身自身重量确定。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述载荷值,包括:所述电控空气悬架中每个所述空气弹簧的单个载荷和所述车辆整车的总载荷;
    其中,
    根据所述载荷值进行超载预警,包括:
    在所述车辆未行使的情况下,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载;
    若所述车辆超载,则根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警;
    或者,若所述车辆未超载、或在所述车辆超载的情况下经减载至未超载,则不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载,包括:
    确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一总载荷阈值;
    若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第一总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别;
    若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第一单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第一总载荷阈值,则进一步确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二 单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二总载荷阈值;所述第二单个载荷阈值小于所述第一单个载荷阈值,且所述第二总载荷阈值小于所述第一总载荷阈值;
    若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别;所述第二超载预警级别小于所述第一超载预警级别;
    或者,若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第二单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆未超载。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,其中,
    根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警,包括:
    若所述超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的超载预警;
    或者,若所述超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;
    和/或,
    不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,包括:
    显示第三设定颜色的未超载或解除超载预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;
    和/或,
    所述第一单个载荷阈值、所述第二单个载荷阈值、所述第一总载荷阈值和所述第二总载荷阈值中的至少之一,能够根据所述空气弹簧的弹簧参数和所述车辆的整车车型确定。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6之一所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警,包括:
    根据所述载荷值确定所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;
    根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳;
    若所述车身姿态不平稳,则根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警;
    或者,若所述车身姿态平稳、或在所述车身姿态不平稳的情况下经车身姿态调整至车身姿态平稳,则不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,其中,
    根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率,包括:
    将所述载荷值分组成为所述车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值;
    根据所述左载荷值和所述右载荷值,确定所述车辆的左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差和所述左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷值和;
    将所述垂直载荷之差除以所述垂直载荷之和,得到所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;
    和/或,
    根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳,包括:
    确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于设定转移率范围的上限;
    若所述横向载荷转移率大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;
    若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则进一步确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限;
    若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则在根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的情况下,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳;
    或者,若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则确定所述车身姿态平稳。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳,包括:
    若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为第一超载预警级别或第二超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;
    或者,
    若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,或者若不考虑对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别;所述第二倾侧预警级别小于所述第一倾侧预警级别。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,其中,
    根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,包括:
    若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;
    或者,若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;
    和/或,
    不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警,包括:
    显示第三设定颜色的未倾侧或解除倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
  11. 一种车辆防侧翻的控制装置,其特征在于,包括:
    获取单元,用于获取所述车辆的电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据;
    控制单元,用于根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值;
    所述控制单元,还用于根据所述载荷值进行超载预警和/或倾侧预警,以实现对所述车辆的防侧翻控制。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制单元根据所述位移传感器数据确定所述电控空气悬架的空气弹簧的载荷值,包括:
    确定所述车辆所属环境的大气压力p a和空气多变指数n、所述空气弹簧在初始状态下的设定高度h和内部压力p e0、以及所述空气弹簧自身的有效承压面积A e
    根据所述大气压力p a、所述空气多变指数n、所述设定高度h、所述内部压力p e0和所述有效承压面积A e,结合所述位移传感器数据x,利用以下公式计算得到所述空气弹簧的载荷值F:
    Figure PCTCN2019104638-appb-100002
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置,其特征在于,其中,
    所述空气弹簧,包括:膜式空气弹簧;所述膜式空气弹簧,包括:圆柱形活塞底座膜式空气弹簧;
    和/或,
    所述空气多变指数,能够根据所述电控空气悬架的位移传感器数据的变化率确定;和/或,
    所述内部压力,能够根据所述设定高度和所述车辆的车身自身重量确定。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述载荷值,包括:所述电控空气悬架中每个所述空气弹簧的单个载荷和所述车辆整车的总载荷;
    其中,
    所述控制单元根据所述载荷值进行超载预警,包括:
    在所述车辆未行使的情况下,根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载;
    若所述车辆超载,则根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警;
    或者,若所述车辆未超载、或在所述车辆超载的情况下经减载至未超载,则不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制单元根据所述单个载荷和/或所述总载荷确定所述车辆是否超载,包括:
    确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第一总载荷阈值;
    若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第一单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第一总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别;
    若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第一单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第一总载荷阈值,则进一步确定任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷是否大于或等于设定的第二总载荷阈值;所述第二单个载荷阈值小于所述第一单个载荷阈值,且所述第二总载荷阈值小于所述第一总载荷阈值;
    若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷大于或等于所述第二单个载荷阈值、或所述总载荷大于或等于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆超载,并确定当前的载荷值下的超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别;所述第二超载预警级别小于所述第一超载预警级别;
    或者,若任一所述空气弹簧的单个载荷小于所述第二单个载荷阈值、且所述总载荷小于所述第二总载荷阈值,则确定所述车辆未超载。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置,其特征在于,其中,
    所述控制单元根据当前的载荷值按设定的超载预警级别进行超载预警,包括:
    若所述超载预警级别为设定的第一超载预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的超载预警;
    或者,若所述超载预警级别为设定的第二超载预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的超载预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;
    和/或,
    所述控制单元不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,包括:
    显示第三设定颜色的未超载或解除超载预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的超载预警;
    和/或,
    所述第一单个载荷阈值、所述第二单个载荷阈值、所述第一总载荷阈值和所述第二总载荷阈值中的至少之一,能够根据所述空气弹簧的弹簧参数和所述车辆的整车车型确定。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16之一所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制单元根据所述载荷值进行倾侧预警,包括:
    根据所述载荷值确定所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;
    根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳;
    若所述车身姿态不平稳,则根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警;
    或者,若所述车身姿态平稳、或在所述车身姿态不平稳的情况下经车身姿态调整至车身姿态平稳,则不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置,其特征在于,其中,
    所述控制单元根据所述载荷值确定横向载荷转移率,包括:
    将所述载荷值分组成为所述车辆左右两侧的左载荷值和右载荷值;
    根据所述左载荷值和所述右载荷值,确定所述车辆的左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷之差和所述左右侧轮胎的垂直载荷值和;
    将所述垂直载荷之差除以所述垂直载荷之和,得到所述车辆的横向载荷转移率;
    和/或,
    所述控制单元根据所述横向载荷转移率确定所述车辆的车身姿态是否平稳,包括:
    确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于设定转移率范围的上限;
    若所述横向载荷转移率大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;
    若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限,则进一步确定所述横向载荷转移率是否大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限;
    若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的上限、且大于或等于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则在根据所述载荷值进行超载预警的情况下,结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳;
    或者,若所述横向载荷转移率小于所述设定转移率范围的下限,则确定所述车身姿态平稳。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制单元结合对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别进一步确定所述车身姿态是否平稳,包括:
    若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为第一超载预警级别或第二超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别;
    或者,
    若对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别为不进行超载预警、或解除在所述车辆超载情况下的超载预警,或者若不考虑对所述车辆进行超载预警的超载预警级别,则确定所述车身姿态不平稳,并确定当前的横向载荷转移率下的倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别;所述第二倾侧预警级别小于所述第一倾侧预警级别。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,其中,
    所述控制单元根据当前的横向载荷转移率按设定的倾侧预警级别进行倾侧预警,包括:
    若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第一倾侧预警级别,则显示第一设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第一设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;
    或者,若所述倾侧预警级别为设定的第二倾侧预警级别,则显示第二设定颜色的倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或发起第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警;
    和/或,
    所述控制单元不进行倾侧预警、或解除在所述车身姿态不平稳情况下的倾侧预警,包括:
    显示第三设定颜色的未倾侧或解除倾侧预警的指示信息、和/或解除第一设定提醒消息或第二设定提醒消息的倾侧预警。
  21. 一种车辆,其特征在于,包括:如权利要求11-20任一所述的车辆防侧翻的控制装置。
  22. 一种存储介质,其特征在于,所述存储介质中存储有多条指令;所述多条指令,用于由处理器加载并执行如权利要求1-10任一所述的车辆防侧翻的控制方法。
  23. 一种车辆,其特征在于,包括:
    处理器,用于执行多条指令;
    存储器,用于存储多条指令;
    其中,所述多条指令,用于由所述存储器存储,并由所述处理器加载并执行权利要求1-10任一所述的车辆防侧翻的控制方法。
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