WO2020087944A1 - 一种生物降解自封条的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种生物降解自封条的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020087944A1
WO2020087944A1 PCT/CN2019/091967 CN2019091967W WO2020087944A1 WO 2020087944 A1 WO2020087944 A1 WO 2020087944A1 CN 2019091967 W CN2019091967 W CN 2019091967W WO 2020087944 A1 WO2020087944 A1 WO 2020087944A1
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self
sealing
sealing strip
temperature
mixture
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PCT/CN2019/091967
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English (en)
French (fr)
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缪文球
缪广益
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江苏云之尚节能科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020087944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020087944A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B65D33/28—Strings or strip-like closures, i.e. draw closures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for preparing a self-sealing structure, in particular to a method for preparing a biodegradable self-sealing strip.
  • Polylactic acid is a new type of biodegradable material, made from starch raw materials proposed by renewable plant resources (such as corn). Starch raw material is made into lactic acid through fermentation process, and then converted into polylactic acid through chemical synthesis. It has good biodegradability, can be completely degraded by microorganisms in nature after use, and eventually generates carbon dioxide and water, which does not pollute the environment. This is very beneficial for protecting the environment and is recognized as an environmentally friendly material.
  • Self-sealing strips are composed of self-sealing strips and seal buckles. Different parts require different production performance. At present, pure PLA materials cannot be used for injection molding production of self-sealing strips. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a preparation method of biodegradable self-sealing seals.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a biodegradable self-sealing strip in view of the above-mentioned prior art.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: a method for preparing a biodegradable self-sealing strip, equipped with a mixture according to a mass percentage of PLA: 20-40% and PBAT: 60-80%, and adding a uniformly mixed mixture To the extruder of the screw extruder, the mixture is plasticized by the extrusion screw, the die is formed, and the molded self-sealing strip is prepared after cooling.
  • the extruding screw is at 90 degrees to the die head, and the die head exits downward to directly cool the cooling water tank when the self-sealing strip is extruded to avoid bending deformation of the bone strip due to gravity during the turning and falling process.
  • the heating temperature of the extrusion screw is set: the first-stage temperature is 135 degrees; the second-stage temperature is 145 degrees; the third-stage temperature is 160 degrees; the fourth-stage temperature is 165 degrees, and the fourth-stage temperature is also the die head
  • the temperature at the screw speed is 16-18 rpm, and the traction speed is set according to the size of the self-sealing strip.
  • the determination of the traction speed is mainly based on the final size of the self-sealing strip. The larger the thickness and the wider the width, the slower the traction speed, and vice versa. .
  • the size of the strand is designed for the raw materials of this application: the cross-sectional dimensions of the self-sealing strip with a seal buckle are thickness 1.9-2.1mm, width 10.5-11mm; The self-sealing thickness of the seal is 2-2.5mm, and the width is 20-22mm.
  • the sliders are also made of biodegradable materials, and the sliders are made by injection molding process: according to the mass percentage of PLA50% + PBAT50%, the mixture is equipped, add the uniformly mixed mixture to the injection molding machine, and set the screw Temperature: 130 °C, 150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, nozzle 180 °C at the inlet, due to the high viscosity of the material, the draft angle of the injection mold is designed to be greater than 5 °.
  • the inventors of the present application increased the PLA content on the basis of the self-sealing strip ingredients, and the improved ingredients are also more suitable for injection molding production.
  • PLA is derived from the raw grain of this year after being refined and polymerized, the nature of the material determines its sustainable regeneration and return to nature through microbial degradation in water.
  • the PLA material itself has high hardness and cannot be used alone to produce self-envelopes for normal use. It needs to add other additives. This will cause environmental hazards.
  • This application uses the compatibility of PLA and PBAT to achieve the addition of no other additives. Under the circumstances, a fully degradable self-sealing product that meets the requirements of use has been produced.
  • the slider is a non-essential accessory for self-sealing, but often also has a certain market share.
  • Another purpose of this application is to prepare a PLA + PBAT biodegradable plastic material slider.
  • the slider is produced by injection molding. The hardness of the slider has been tested and the hardness of the slider achieved with the same production equipment using PE material.
  • Preparation method of biodegradable self-sealing seal Equipped with a mixture of PLA: 40% and PBAT: 60% by mass, the uniformly mixed mixture is added to the screw extruder for extrusion molding, and the mixture is plasticized by the extrusion screw. The die head is formed, and after cooling, the formed self-sealing strip is prepared.
  • the extruding screw is 90 degrees to the die head, and the die head exits downwards to directly enter the cooling water tank for cooling when the self-sealing strip is extruded.
  • the heating temperature of the extruding screw first temperature 135 degrees; second temperature 145 degrees; third temperature 160 degrees; fourth temperature 165 degrees, the fourth temperature is also the temperature at the die head, screw speed 16-18 revolutions / min.
  • the traction speed is set according to the size of the self-sealing strip. Adjust the traction speed so that the cross-sectional size of the self-sealing strip is 1.9-2.1mm thick and 10.5-11mm wide.
  • the thickness of the self-sealing hand-pressed self-sealing bar is 2-2.5mm, and the width is 20-22mm.
  • the preparation method of the biodegradable self-sealing slider adopts injection molding process: the mixture is equipped according to the mass percentage of PLA50% + PBAT50%, the uniformly mixed mixture is added to the injection molding machine, and the screw temperature is set: the inlet 130 °C , 150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, nozzle 180 °C, due to the high viscosity of the material, the draft angle of the injection mold is designed to be 5 °, which is convenient for smooth demolding.
  • a thermally and environmentally friendly fast-moving packaging bag with full degradation in Example 1 includes a bag body, the bag body adopts a double-layer fabric: inner layer hot-rolled non-woven fabric, outer layer non-woven fabric, middle interlayer, and middle interlayer Filled with thermal insulation fiber, the bag body is made of PLA biodegradable plastic material as the base material, and the bag body is sealed with self-sealing strips.
  • the self-sealing chain body and the self-sealing strip head material are composite materials of PLA and PBAT.
  • the above-mentioned packaging bags are made by PLA spinning-thin non-woven fabric manufacturing-non-woven fabric film-printing-bag making-filling cotton in turn.
  • the specific production steps are as follows
  • PLA spinning In order to prepare PLA fibers, spinning grade PLA chips are used as raw materials for melt spinning, using a screw spinning machine, the melting point of PLA is 175 degrees, and the spinning box uses a low boiling point heat medium to make PLA is suitable, specific operation: the raw material is dried until the water content is less than 30ppm-the screw pre-melting temperature is set to 200 °C, the screw outlet temperature is 215 °C-the spinning head temperature is 200 °C-cooling-winding-cutting section-PLA is short Fiber; The PLA short fiber uses 4D fiber as the insulation core filling material.
  • PLA fiber is used as the raw material, and hot-rolled non-woven equipment is used for production: carding of PLA fibers-pneumatic cotton feeding-vibrating screen spreading-hot rolling of rollers-forming;
  • Non-woven fabric laminating film Laminating the outer surface of the thin non-woven fabric packaging, using PBAT material for the laminating film, putting pure PBAT slices into the hopper of the laminating machine, and entering the extruding screw according to the set temperature Push forward to the coating die.
  • the temperature of the screw and the die head are controlled by the PLC control instrument of the coating machine.
  • the screw has six levels of temperature, which are 160 °C, 190 °C, 200 °C, 223 °C, 223 °C, 223 °C, the temperature of the die is set to 223 °C, the non-woven fabric travel speed is 50 meters / min, the thickness of the film is effectively controlled at 40g / m2, and finally it is cooled by the cooling drum;
  • Bag-making manufactured with a non-woven self-sealing bag-making machine, production process: double-layer non-woven fabric unwinding-automatic ultrasonic welding of both sides of the self-sealing on both sides-folding-automatic installation of self-sealing slider-ultrasonic transverse ironing-cutting into There are cotton filling holes on the side of the bag.
  • Cotton filling PLA fiber is used as thermal insulation fiber, and the thermal insulation fiber is filled into the interlayer of the bag body. Filling process: PLA fiber opening and fluffing-automatic suction cotton filling machine-align the cotton filling hole of the bag with the cotton filling machine Filling cotton mouth-quantitative filling cotton-filling cotton hole sealing-insulation bag finished.
  • the above self-sealing strip adopts the product of Example 1.
  • the surface of the cooling roller is provided with a contact layer of PTFE, and the surface of the film is in contact with the contact layer of the cooling roller during cooling.
  • the raw materials of this application are very simple, without adding other chemical reagents, through optimized design of the process, a packaging bag which can be truly degraded and has a single raw material composition is produced.
  • the present invention also includes other embodiments. Any technical solution formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

一种生物降解自封条的制备方法，按PLA:20～40％、PBAT：60～80％的质量百分比配备混合料，将混合均匀的混合料加入到螺杆挤出机挤出成型，混合料经挤出螺杆塑化，模头成型，冷却后制得成型的自封条。采用PLA和PBAT配伍，实现了在不添加其他任何助剂的情况下生产出了满足使用要求的全降解自封条产品。

Description

一种生物降解自封条的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及自封结构的制备方法，尤其是一种可生物降解自封条的制备方法。
背景技术
传统自封条、自封条是以PP、PE等材料生产，被丢弃后难以在环境中被生物降解，形成污染。目前市面上已经出现了可降解材料制成的包装袋，袋体本身由于是采用可降解材料生产，可通过生物降解，应用范围越来越广，但在实际应用中常需要为袋体配置自封条或自封条等，为了实现全降解，有必要开发可生物降解的自封条产品。
聚乳酸(PLA)是一种新型的生物降解材料，使用可再生的植物资源(如玉米)所提出的淀粉原料制成。淀粉原料经由发酵过程制成乳酸，再通过化学合成转换成聚乳酸。其具有良好的生物可降解性，使用后能被自然界中微生物完全降解，最终生成二氧化碳和水，不污染环境，这对保护环境非常有利，是公认的环境友好材料。
自封条是由自封条和封条扣组成，不同的部件要求的生产性能也不相同，目前采用纯的PLA材质还无法进行自封条的注塑生产。因此，开发生物降解自封条的制备方法迫在眉睫。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术提供一种生物降解自封条的制备方法。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案为：一种生物降解自封条的制备方法，按PLA:20～40％、PBAT：60～80％的质量百分比配备混合料，将混合均匀的混合料加入到螺杆挤出机挤出成型，混合料经挤出螺杆塑化，模头成型，冷却后制得成型的自封条。
优选地，挤出螺杆与模头成90度，模头出口向下使自封条挤出时直接进入冷却水槽冷却，可避免骨条在拐弯下落过程中因重力导致弯曲变形。
具体地，根据本申请的原料配比，设置挤出螺杆的加热温度：一级温度135度；二级温度145度；三级温度160度；四级温度165度，该四级温度也是模头处的温度，螺杆转速16-18转/min，牵引速度按照满足自封条尺寸设定，牵引速度的确定主要依据最终自封条尺寸，厚度越大、宽度越宽则牵引速度越慢，反之越快。
为了达到正常的使用强度，需要将原料和尺寸综合考虑，针对本申请的原料设计股 条的尺寸：带封条扣的自封条的断面尺寸为厚度1.9-2.1mm、宽度10.5-11mm；手压自封条的自封条厚度2-2.5mm、宽度20-22mm。
上述尺寸的生物降解自封条的柔韧性完全满足使用要求。
对于有拉头的自封条，拉头也采用生物降解材料制备，拉头采用注塑成型工艺：按PLA50％+PBAT50％的质量百分比配备混合料，将混合均匀的混合料加入到注塑机，设置螺杆温度：入料口130℃、150℃、160℃、170℃、喷嘴180℃，由于材料粘性大，注塑模具的拔模斜度设计为大于5°。
相比自封条，拉头强度和硬度都更高，因此本申请发明人在自封条配料的基础上提高了PLA的含量，改进后的配料也更加适用于注塑生产。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
1)生物降解自封条，采用PLA+PBAT生物降解可塑性材料为基料，PLA取材于本年生谷物经提炼聚合而成，材料本质决定其可持续再生及遇水经微生物降解回归自然。PLA材料本身硬度高，无法单独用于挤塑生产满足正常使用的自封套，需要加入其他助剂，这样会存在环境危害，本申请采用PLA和PBAT配伍，实现了在不添加其他任何助剂的情况下生产出了满足使用要求的全降解自封条产品。
2)拉头是自封条的非必要配件，但往往也具有一定市场份额，本申请的另一个目的就是要制备一种PLA+PBAT生物降解可塑性材料的拉头，拉头采用注塑成型，所生产的拉头经检测其硬度与采用PE材质以同样的生产设备达到了的拉头的硬度。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
生物降解自封条的制备方法：按PLA:40％、PBAT：60％的质量百分比配备混合料，将混合均匀的混合料加入到螺杆挤出机挤出成型，混合料经挤出螺杆塑化，模头成型，冷却后制得成型的自封条。
生产工艺参数：挤出螺杆与模头成90度，模头出口向下使自封条挤出时直接进入冷却水槽冷却。挤出螺杆的加热温度：一级温度135度；二级温度145度；三级温度160度；四级温度165度，该四级温度也是模头处的温度，螺杆转速16-18转/min，牵引速度按照满足自封条尺寸设定，调节牵引速度使自封条的断面尺寸为厚度1.9-2.1mm、宽度10.5-11mm。
手压自封条的自封条厚度2-2.5mm、宽度20-22mm。
生物降解自封条拉头的制备方法，拉头采用注塑成型工艺：按PLA50％+PBAT50％的质量百分比配备混合料，将混合均匀的混合料加入到注塑机，设置螺杆温度：入料口130℃、150℃、160℃、170℃、喷嘴180℃，由于材料粘性大，注塑模具的拔模斜度设 计为5°，便于顺利脱模。
实施例2
手压自封条，调节牵引速度，使自封条尺寸满足厚度2-2.5mm、宽度20-22mm。
实施例3
一种带有实施例1全降解的保温环保速运包装袋，包括袋体，袋体采用双层面料：内层热轧无纺布、外层淋膜无纺布、中间夹层，中间夹层内填充有保温纤维，袋体是采用PLA生物降解可塑性材料为基料，袋体采用自封条实现封口，自封条的链体和自封条头材料为PLA和PBAT的复合材料。
上述包装袋依次经过PLA纺丝-薄型无纺布制造-无纺布淋膜-印刷-制袋-充棉制成。具体生产步骤如下
(1)PLA纺丝：为了制备PLA纤维，采用纺丝级PLA切片为原料，进行熔融纺丝，采用螺杆式纺丝机，PLA的熔点为175度，纺丝箱采用低沸点热媒使与PLA相适合，具体操作：原料干燥至含水量低于30ppm—将螺杆预熔温度设置为200℃、螺杆出口温度为215℃—纺丝头温度200℃—冷却—卷绕—切段—PLA短纤维；所述PLA短纤维采用规格4D的纤维作为保温芯填充材料。
(2)薄型无纺布制造：以PLA纤维为原料，采用热轧无纺布设备生产：对PLA纤维梳棉-气动送棉-振动筛式铺棉-对辊热轧-成型；
(3)无纺布淋膜：对薄型无纺布的包装外面进行淋膜，淋膜选用PBAT材料，将纯PBAT切片放入淋膜机料斗中，进入挤出螺杆按设定的各级温度向前推动至淋膜模头，螺杆和模头各级温度由淋膜机PLC控制仪器控制，螺杆共设置六级温度，依次为160℃、190℃、200℃、223℃、223℃、223℃，模头的温度设置为223℃，无纺布走速为50米/min，有效控制淋膜厚度在40g/平方米，最后经冷却滚筒冷却；
(4)印刷：在无纺布的淋膜层上印刷，淋膜层不仅能够有效防水还能够提高印刷效果；
(5)制袋：以无纺布自封条制袋机制造，生产工艺：双层无纺布放料-两边超声波自动焊接自封条-折叠-自动安装自封条拉头-超声波横烫-切断成袋，袋体侧面留充棉孔。
(6)充棉：以PLA纤维作为保温纤维，将保温纤维填充到袋体的夹层，填充工艺：PLA纤维开棉蓬松-自动吸入充棉机-将袋子的充棉孔对准充棉机的充棉口-定量充棉-充棉孔封口-保温袋成品。
上述自封条采用实施例1的产品。
为了防止淋膜表面与冷却滚筒粘连，冷却滚筒表面设置聚四氟乙烯接触层，在冷却时淋膜表面与冷却滚筒的聚四氟乙烯接触层接触。
实施例3的性能测试数据如下表所示
Figure PCTCN2019091967-appb-000001
本申请原料非常简单，没有添加其他化学试剂，通过对工艺进行优化设计生产出一种可真正意义上全降解的、产品原料成分单一的包装袋。
除上述实施例外，本发明还包括有其他实施方式，凡采用等同变换或者等效替换方式形成的技术方案，均应落入本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种生物降解自封条的制备方法，其特征在于：按PLA:20～40％、PBAT：60～80％的质量百分比配备混合料，将混合均匀的混合料加入到螺杆挤出机挤出成型，混合料经挤出螺杆塑化，模头成型，冷却后制得成型的自封条。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的生物降解自封条的制备方法，其特征在于：挤出螺杆与模头成90度，模头出口向下使自封条挤出时直接进入冷却水槽冷却。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的生物降解自封条的制备方法，其特征在于：设置挤出螺杆的加热温度：一级温度135度；二级温度145度；三级温度160度；四级温度165度，所述四级温度也是挤出模头处的温度，螺杆转速16-18转/min，牵引速度按照满足自封条尺寸设定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的生物降解自封条的制备方法，其特征在于：股条的尺寸设置：带封条扣的自封条的断面尺寸为厚度1.9-2.1mm、宽度10.5-11mm；手压自封条的自封条厚度2-2.5mm、宽度20-22mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的生物降解自封条的制备方法，其特征在于：自封条配置有拉头，拉头采用注塑成型工艺：按PLA50％+PBAT50％的质量百分比配备混合料，将混合均匀的混合料加入到注塑机，设置螺杆温度：入料口130℃、150℃、160℃、170℃、喷嘴180℃，由于材料粘性大，注塑模具的拔模斜度设计为大于5°。
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CN110591197A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2019-12-20 德清尚邑塑料制品有限公司 一种骨条生产工艺
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