WO2020082320A1 - 一种运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置 - Google Patents

一种运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020082320A1
WO2020082320A1 PCT/CN2018/112026 CN2018112026W WO2020082320A1 WO 2020082320 A1 WO2020082320 A1 WO 2020082320A1 CN 2018112026 W CN2018112026 W CN 2018112026W WO 2020082320 A1 WO2020082320 A1 WO 2020082320A1
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Prior art keywords
hydraulic
valve
hydraulic cylinder
carrier
port
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PCT/CN2018/112026
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邢朔
盛玮
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武汉海力威机电科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/112026 priority Critical patent/WO2020082320A1/zh
Publication of WO2020082320A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020082320A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith

Definitions

  • the invention relates to balance control, in particular to a hydraulically controlled carrier automatic adjustment hydraulic servo level maintaining device.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide a carrier-automatic adjustment hydraulic servo level maintaining device, which does not pass the electronic control equipment and automatically adjusts the carrier's horizontal state when the carrier is out of balance.
  • the carrier automatically adjusts the hydraulic servo horizontal holding device, and the carrier runs on the bearing surface through the bottom connected chassis, which is characterized in that the automatic adjusting hydraulic servo level holding device includes a hydraulic station, a hydraulic valve, a counterweight and a hydraulic cylinder;
  • the valve body of the hydraulic valve is connected to the carrier, and the carrier is connected to the chassis of the carrier through a bearing.
  • the bearing is installed in the middle of the carrier.
  • the direction of the shaft of the bearing is consistent with the running direction of the carrier during linear operation.
  • the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder are fixedly connected to the chassis and the carrier;
  • the hydraulic valve is a three-position four-way directional valve, which is provided with a valve body and a cylindrical spool. One end of the spool is fixedly connected to the carrier through a threaded pair, and the other end is connected to a counterweight through a spline pair; A and port B communicate with the two oil ports of the hydraulic cylinder on both sides of the hydraulic valve;
  • the counterweight is provided with a connecting rod and a gravity end.
  • the spline pair is connected to the outer end of the connecting rod of the counterweight to keep the spline pair with the spool from rotating.
  • the piston of the hydraulic cylinder The rod end is driven by the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic valve to maintain the horizontal state of the carrier.
  • one embodiment is that the two oil port ends of the hydraulic cylinder communicate with the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, respectively, and the port A of the hydraulic valve is respectively connected with the hydraulic cylinder on one side
  • the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder communicates with the lower chamber of the other hydraulic cylinder
  • the port B of the hydraulic valve communicates with the lower chamber of one hydraulic cylinder and the upper chamber of the other hydraulic cylinder, respectively.
  • each hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hydraulic valve, and the two oil port ends of the hydraulic cylinder communicate with the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, respectively , Port A and Port B of the hydraulic valve communicate with the upper and lower chambers of the matching hydraulic cylinder, respectively.
  • the two oil port ends of the hydraulic cylinder communicate with the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, respectively, and the ports A and B of the hydraulic valve communicate with the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, respectively .
  • One side of the threaded rod of the threaded pair is the valve core, and the side of the matching nut is fixedly connected to the carrier.
  • the port B of the hydraulic valve communicates with the pressure end P inside the hydraulic valve, and outside the hydraulic valve, the port B of the hydraulic valve communicates with the lower chamber of the left hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic valve
  • the port A is connected with the upper cavity of the left hydraulic cylinder, so that the piston rod of the left hydraulic cylinder is pushed up to maintain the horizontal state of the carrier.
  • the invention uses the principle of gravity to maintain vertical stability, automatically adjusts the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic valve, and automatically drives the tilt of the carrier chassis to keep the carriage in a horizontal state. Moreover, the use of electronic detection and control systems with poor anti-interference performance is avoided, and a complicated development process is avoided.
  • the simple connection structure can solve the vehicle tilt problem in various situations and can also be applied to the ship to solve the sway problem.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a side sectional structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the end connection structure of the present invention.
  • the carrier automatically adjusts the hydraulic servo level holding device, which is only connected by simple hydraulic components to realize the carrier 4 in various Level adjustment under horizontal conditions.
  • the embodiment in FIG. 1 is that the vehicle runs on the carrying surface 10 through the chassis 1 connected to the bottom. When the carrying surface 10 is not flat, the carrier 4 usually loses its horizontal state.
  • the carrier here may be a vehicle, a ship, or other operating tools.
  • the bearing surface can be ground, support surface or underwater.
  • the self-adjusting hydraulic servo level maintaining device includes a hydraulic station, a hydraulic valve 11, a counterweight 9 and a hydraulic cylinder 2.
  • the hydraulic station provides pressure oil and an oil return tank for the hydraulic device.
  • the valve body 6 of the hydraulic valve and the carrier 4 are fixedly connected and installed.
  • the carrier 4 is installed on the chassis 1.
  • the chassis changes state following the state of the bearing surface.
  • the solution of the present invention tries to maintain the carrier Horizontal state.
  • the carrier 4 is connected to the chassis 1 of the carrier through a bearing 3, the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the chassis 1, and the inner ring of the bearing 3 is fixedly connected to the carrier.
  • the carrier is mounted on the chassis 1 via bearings 3 and hydraulic cylinders 2.
  • the bearing 3 is installed in the middle of the horizontal direction of the carrier, or on the vertical line of the center of gravity of the carrier.
  • the direction of the shaft of the bearing is the same as the direction of the linear operation of the carrier.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 2 is provided in the hydraulic valve On one or both sides of 11, the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder are fixedly connected to the chassis and the carrier, respectively. According to the invention, when the carrier loses the horizontal state on the left and right sides of the chassis, the hydraulic cylinder 2 provided on one side or both sides of the hydraulic valve 11 is used for leveling.
  • the hydraulic valve 11 is a three-position four-way directional valve, which is provided with a valve body 6 and a cylindrical spool 7. One end of the spool is fixedly connected to the carrier 4 through a screw pair 5, The other end is connected to the counterweight 9 through a spline pair 8. One side of the threaded rod of the threaded pair 5 is the valve core 7, and the side of the matching nut is fixedly connected to the carrier 4.
  • the ports A and B of the hydraulic valve 11 communicate with the two oil port ends of the hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the hydraulic valve respectively; the oil supply end P and the oil return end T of the hydraulic valve communicate with the hydraulic station to form a hydraulic circuit.
  • the valve core 7 is cylindrical, and can rotate around its center line in the valve body 6 or can move along the axis.
  • the oil circuit interface with the outside is provided inside the valve body On the annular groove of the wall, a ring-shaped convex edge is provided at a position corresponding to the valve core. As shown in FIG.
  • the valve core is provided with 4 ring-shaped convex edges, which are separated into 3 ring-shaped chambers, and the middle chamber It is connected to the oil supply end P, the chambers on both sides are connected to the oil return end T, and the two convex edges in the middle just close the port A and port B respectively, as shown in the example, the left side is port A, and the right side is port B.
  • the oil supply port P communicates with the port A
  • the spool moves to the right at the current position
  • the oil supply port P communicates with the port B.
  • the port A of the hydraulic valve communicates with the upper cavity port of the hydraulic cylinder 2 through the pipeline
  • the port B of the hydraulic valve communicates with the lower cavity port of the hydraulic cylinder 2 through the pipeline
  • the two oil port ends of the hydraulic cylinder 2 are respectively connected with the hydraulic cylinder
  • the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the cylinder are connected.
  • the counterweight 9 is provided with a connecting rod and a gravity end.
  • the spline pair 8 is connected to the outer end of the connecting rod of the counterweight to keep the spline pair with the spool from rotating.
  • the hydraulic cylinder The piston rod end is driven by the hydraulic valve oil circuit to maintain the horizontal state of the carrier.
  • the port A of the hydraulic valve communicates with the upper port A of one hydraulic cylinder and the lower port B of the other hydraulic cylinder, respectively.
  • B communicates with the lower port B of one hydraulic cylinder and the upper port A of the other hydraulic cylinder, respectively.
  • a hydraulic valve is provided on one side of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinders on both sides are controlled by the corresponding two hydraulic valves.
  • the two oil port ends of the hydraulic cylinder 2 communicate with the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, respectively, and the ports A and B of the hydraulic valve respectively communicate with the upper ports A and Lower port B is connected.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends halfway in the horizontal state, and when the carrier tilts to the left or right, the piston rod extends or retracts, pulling the carrier back to the horizontal state.
  • the hydraulic valve can automatically adjust the carrier to the horizontal state, because as long as there is no horizontal state, it will cause the port of the hydraulic valve to open in different proportion .
  • the balance oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is small when the inclination is small, and the balance oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is large when the inclination is large.
  • the port of the hydraulic valve will not be completely closed until the carrier remains within the horizontal threshold, and no pressure is provided to the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the nut of the screw pair 5 connected thereto is rotated. Since one end of the valve core 7 is a threaded pair 5, and the other end is a spline pair 8, and the counterweight 9 is always in a vertical state under the influence of gravity, the spline pair 8 will not tilt with the cabin, and the rotation of the nut makes the valve
  • the core 7 generates an axial displacement, the direction of which is determined by the tilting direction of the vehicle. Referring to FIG.
  • the pressure oil P communicates with the oil port A, and the oil returns T It communicates with the oil port B, so that the pressure oil enters the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the oil return T.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 2 in the figure is arranged on the right side of the hydraulic valve, and the piston rod is shortened. The push of the hydraulic cylinder lowers the car 4 to produce a swing to the right, until the car 4 is in a horizontal position, the port A of the hydraulic valve will be completely closed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，可以自动调整车辆等运载体因为快速转弯引起的倾斜问题。包括液压站、液压阀（11）、平衡锤（9）和液压缸（2）；液压阀（11）的阀芯（7）的一端通过螺纹副（5）固定连接运载体（4），另一端通过花键副（8）连接平衡锤（9）；通过液压阀（11）自动调节液压缸（2）的伸缩，以简单的连接结构就可解决各种情况下的车辆倾斜问题。

Description

一种运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置 技术领域
本发明涉及平衡控制，具体说是一种液压控制的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置。
 背景技术
车辆或船舶等运输运载体在高速转弯时，由于离心力的作用会使车厢向旋转一侧倾斜，造成车辆和人员的安全问题。特别是高速列车，车速有时在300公里/小时以上，为了防止转弯时倾斜，高速铁路为避免有太大的弯曲而增加成本；例如坦克等越野车辆，由于要经常处于不平坦路况，做成车辆的颠簸和倾斜，不仅造成人员的不适，还影响武器装备的使用。在由于颠簸或外力影响的情况下也会出现运载体失去平衡的情况，同样可能会带来运载体内物体的不适应问题。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是解决上述问题，提供一种运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，不通过电子控制设备，在运载体失去平衡时，自动调节运载体的水平状态。
 技术解决方案
所述的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，运载体通过底部连接的底盘在承载面上运行，其特征在于：自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置包括液压站、液压阀、平衡锤和液压缸；
所述液压阀的阀体与运载体连接安装，运载体通过轴承与运载体的底盘连接，轴承安装于运载体的中部，轴承的转轴方向与运载体直线运行时的运行方向一致，液压缸设置于液压阀的一侧或两侧，液压缸的两端分别与底盘和运载体固定连接；
所述液压阀为三位四通换向阀，设有阀体和圆柱状的阀芯，阀芯的一端通过螺纹副固定连接运载体，另一端通过花键副连接平衡锤；液压阀的端口A和端口B分别与液压阀两侧液压缸的两油口端连通；
平衡锤设有连杆和重力端，所述花键副与平衡锤的连杆外端连接，使花键副连带阀芯保持不会转动，在运载体向一侧倾斜时，液压缸的活塞杆端被液压阀油路驱动做维持运载体水平状态动作。
液压缸成对设置于液压阀两侧时，一种实施例为，所述液压缸的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，液压阀的端口A分别与一侧液压缸的上腔和另一侧液压缸的下腔连通，液压阀的端口B分别与一侧液压缸的下腔和另一侧液压缸的上腔连通。
液压缸成对设置于液压阀两侧时，另一种实施例为，每一液压缸配套设置有一个液压阀，所述液压缸的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，液压阀的端口A和端口B分别与配套液压缸的上腔和下腔连通。
液压缸设置于液压阀一侧时，所述液压缸的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，液压阀的端口A和B端口分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通。
所述螺纹副的螺纹杆一侧为阀芯，配套螺母一侧与运载体固定连接。
作为实施例，在运载体向左侧倾斜状态，液压阀的端口B在液压阀内与压力端P连通，在液压阀外，液压阀的端口B与左侧液压缸的下腔连通，液压阀的端口A与左侧液压缸的上腔连通，使左侧液压缸的活塞杆上顶，以维持运载体的水平状态。
 有益效果
本发明利用重力稳定维持垂直的原理，通过液压阀自动调节液压缸的伸缩，运载体底盘的倾斜自动驱动使车厢保持水平状态。且避免使用抗干扰性能差的电子检测和控制系统，避免了复杂的开发过程，以简单的连接结构就可解决各种情况下的车辆倾斜问题，也可应用于船舶解决摇摆问题。
 附图说明
图1 是本发明侧面剖面结构示意图，
图2 是本发明端面连接结构示意图。
图中：1—底盘，2—液压缸，3—轴承，4—运载体，5—螺纹副，6—阀体，7—阀芯，8—花键，9—平衡锤，10—承载面，11—液压阀。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明：如图1、2中所示，所述的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，仅以简单的液压部件连接，实现运载体4在各种不水平情况下的水平调节。图1中的实施例是车辆通过底部连接的底盘1在承载面10上运行，当承载面10不平时通常会导致运载体4失去水平状态，这里的运载体可以是车辆、船舶或其他运行工具，承载面可以是地面、支撑面或水中。
所述的自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置包括液压站、液压阀11、平衡锤9和液压缸2。
所述液压站为液压器件提供压力油和回油箱。
所述液压阀的阀体6与运载体4固定连接安装，运载体4安装在底盘1上，当承载面10不水平时，底盘跟随承载面的状态改变状态，通过本发明方案力图保持运载体的水平状态。
运载体4通过轴承3与运载体的底盘1连接，轴承的外圈与底盘1固定连接，轴承3的内圈与运载体固定连接。运载体通过轴承3和液压缸2安装在底盘1上。
相对于运载体来看，轴承3安装于运载体横向的中部，或者安装在运载体的重心垂线上，轴承的转轴方向与运载体直线运行时的运行方向一致，液压缸2设置于液压阀11的一侧或两侧，液压缸的两端分别与底盘和运载体固定连接。本发明使得运载体在底盘左右两侧失去水平状态时，依靠设置于液压阀11一侧或两侧的液压缸2来进行调平。
典型地，如图1所示，所述液压阀11为三位四通换向阀，设有阀体6和圆柱状的阀芯7，阀芯的一端通过螺纹副5固定连接运载体4，另一端通过花键副8连接平衡锤9。螺纹副5的螺纹杆一侧为阀芯7，配套螺母一侧与运载体4固定连接。
液压阀11的端口A和端口B分别与液压阀两侧液压缸的两油口端连通；液压阀的供油端P和回油端T与液压站连通形成液压回路。如图1中液压阀的结构示意图作为结构原理示意，阀芯7为圆柱状，在阀体6内可以绕自身中心线旋转，也可以沿轴线移动，与外界的油路接口设置在阀体内侧壁的环形凹槽上，阀芯对应的位置设有环状的凸沿，如图1，阀芯设有4道环状的凸沿，隔离成3个环状的腔室，中间的腔室与供油端P连通，两侧的腔室与回油端T连通，中间的两道凸沿正好分别封闭了端口A和端口B，如图实施例，左侧为端口A，右侧为端口B。当阀芯在当前位置左移时，供油端P与端口A连通，当阀芯在当前位置右移时，供油端P与端口B连通。液压阀的端口A通过管路与液压缸2的上腔端口连通，液压阀的端口B通过管路与液压缸2的下腔端口连通，所述液压缸2的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，当供油端P与液压缸2的上腔端口连通时，液压缸的活塞被压回，液压缸的活塞杆缩短；当供油端P与液压缸2的下腔端口连通时，液压缸的活塞被压出，液压缸的活塞杆伸长。
平衡锤9设有连杆和重力端，所述花键副8与平衡锤的连杆外端连接，使花键副连带阀芯保持不会转动，在运载体向一侧倾斜时，液压缸的活塞杆端被液压阀油路驱动做维持运载体水平状态动作。
液压缸成对设置于液压阀11两侧时，如图2所示，液压阀的端口A分别与一侧液压缸的上端口A和另一侧液压缸的下端口B连通，液压阀的端口B分别与一侧液压缸的下端口B和另一侧液压缸的上端口A连通。或者一侧的液压缸配套设置一个液压阀，两侧的液压缸分别由对应的两个液压阀控制。此时液压缸的活塞杆在水平状态时活塞杆完全缩回，运载体向本侧倾斜时，对应侧的活塞杆伸出，调节运载体为水平状态。
液压缸设置于液压阀11一侧时，所述液压缸2的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，液压阀的端口A和B端口分别与液压缸的上端口A和下端口B连接。此时液压缸的活塞杆在水平状态时伸出一半，在运载体向左侧或右侧倾斜时，活塞杆伸出或缩回，将运载体拉回水平状态。
无论液压缸的活塞杆的伸出与液压油的压力比例如何，只要行程足够，液压阀都可以自动调节运载体到水平状态，因为只要有不水平状态，都会导致液压阀的端口不同比例的开启，给液压缸提供压力，倾斜度小时液压缸的平衡油压小，倾斜度大时液压缸的平衡油压大。直到运载体保持在水平阈值内时，液压阀的端口才会被完全封闭，不给液压缸提供压力。
进一步的解释，作为实施例，在运载体向一侧倾斜状态时，带动与之连接的螺纹副5的螺母转动。由于阀芯7的一端为螺纹副5，另一端为花键副8，而所述平衡锤9在重力的作用下始终处于垂直状态，花键副8不会跟随车厢倾斜，螺母的转动使阀芯7产生轴向位移，其位移的方向由车辆的倾斜方向决定，结合图1，假如车辆左侧摇摆使阀芯7向车厢尾部移动，此时压力油P与油口A相通，回油T与油口B相通，从而压力油进入所述液压缸2的上腔，液压缸2的下腔与回油T相连，图中的液压缸2设置于液压阀的右侧，活塞杆缩短，在液压缸的推动下车厢4产生一个向右外的摆动，直到车厢4处于水平位置，液压阀的端口A才会被完全关闭。

Claims (6)

  1. [根据细则26改正08.01.2019]
    一种运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，运载体（4）通过底部连接的底盘（1）在承载面（10）上运行，其特征在于：自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置包括液压站、液压阀（11）、平衡锤（9）和液压缸（2）；
    所述液压阀的阀体（6）与运载体（4）连接安装，运载体通过轴承（3）与运载体的底盘（1）连接，轴承安装于运载体的中部，轴承的转轴方向与运载体直线运行时的运行方向一致，液压缸（2）设置于液压阀（11）的一侧或两侧，液压缸的两端分别与底盘和运载体固定连接；
    所述液压阀（11）为三位四通换向阀，设有阀体（6）和圆柱状的阀芯（7），阀芯的一端通过螺纹副（5）固定连接运载体（4），另一端通过花键副（8）连接平衡锤（9）；液压阀的端口A和端口B分别与液压阀两侧液压缸的两油口端连通；
    平衡锤（9）设有连杆和重力端，所述花键副（8）与平衡锤的连杆外端连接，使花键副连带阀芯保持不会转动，在运载体向一侧倾斜时，液压缸的活塞杆端被液压阀油路驱动做维持运载体水平状态动作。
  2. [根据细则26改正08.01.2019]　
    根据权利要求1所述的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，其特征在于：所述液压缸（2）的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，液压缸成对设置于液压阀（11）两侧时，液压阀的端口A分别与一侧液压缸的上腔和另一侧液压缸的下腔连通，液压阀的端口B分别与一侧液压缸的下腔和另一侧液压缸的上腔连通。
  3. [根据细则26改正08.01.2019]　
    根据权利要求1所述的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，其特征在于：液压缸成对设置于液压阀（11）两侧时，每一液压缸（2）配套设置有一个液压阀（11），所述液压缸（2）的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，液压阀的端口A和端口B分别与配套液压缸的上腔和下腔连通。
  4. [根据细则26改正08.01.2019]　
    根据权利要求1所述的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，其特征在于：所述液压缸（2）的两油口端分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通，液压缸设置于液压阀（11）一侧时，液压阀的端口A和B端口分别与液压缸的上腔和下腔连通。
  5. [根据细则26改正08.01.2019]　
    根据权利要求1-4之一所述的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，其特征在于：所述螺纹副（5）的螺纹杆一侧为阀芯，配套螺母一侧与运载体（4）固定连接。
  6. [根据细则26改正08.01.2019]　
    根据权利要求1所述的运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置，其特征在于：在运载体向左侧倾斜状态，液压阀（11）的端口B在液压阀内与压力端P连通，在液压阀外，液压阀的端口B与左侧液压缸（2）的下腔连通，液压阀的端口A与左侧液压缸（2）的上腔连通，使左侧液压缸（2）的活塞杆上顶，以维持运载体的水平状态。 
PCT/CN2018/112026 2018-10-26 2018-10-26 一种运载体自动调节液压伺服水平保持装置 WO2020082320A1 (zh)

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